CN115751818A - Pressure regulating system, pressure regulating method and ORC unit adopting pressure regulating system - Google Patents

Pressure regulating system, pressure regulating method and ORC unit adopting pressure regulating system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN115751818A
CN115751818A CN202211454558.8A CN202211454558A CN115751818A CN 115751818 A CN115751818 A CN 115751818A CN 202211454558 A CN202211454558 A CN 202211454558A CN 115751818 A CN115751818 A CN 115751818A
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pressure
hot water
valve
subsystem
closed
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Inventor
程永强
贾甲
钱雪峰
张欢
程立权
夏玲
何亚峰
李伟
汪曦祥
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HEFEI GENERAL ENVIRONMENT CONTROL TECHNOLOGY CO LTD
Hefei General Machinery Research Institute Co Ltd
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HEFEI GENERAL ENVIRONMENT CONTROL TECHNOLOGY CO LTD
Hefei General Machinery Research Institute Co Ltd
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Priority to CN202211454558.8A priority Critical patent/CN115751818A/en
Publication of CN115751818A publication Critical patent/CN115751818A/en
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Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of pressure regulation of closed hot water circulating pipelines, and particularly relates to a pressure regulating system and a pressure regulating method. The invention also relates to an ORC unit adopting the pressure regulating system. The pressure regulating system comprises a closed hot water circulating pipeline, a pipeline circulating pump arranged on the closed hot water circulating pipeline, a safe pressure reducing subsystem and a discharging subsystem, wherein the safe pressure reducing subsystem is communicated with the closed hot water circulating pipeline at the water inlet end of the pipeline circulating pump, the safe pressure reducing subsystem realizes the stage pressure reduction of discharged hot water through different opening and closing pressures of two sets of valves, and the stage pressure reduction is defined as two stages of pressure reduction and overpressure protection within a safe pressure range; the safe pressure reduction subsystem discharges hot water to the discharge subsystem through the water outlet pipe, can efficiently adjust the pipeline pressure change caused by the water temperature change in the closed hot water circulation pipeline, is stabilized within a safe pressure range, and improves the safety of the closed hot water circulation pipeline.

Description

Pressure regulating system, pressure regulating method and ORC unit adopting pressure regulating system
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of pressure regulation of closed hot water circulating pipelines, and particularly relates to a pressure regulating system and a pressure regulating method. The invention also relates to an ORC unit adopting the pressure regulating system.
Background
The closed hot water circulation pipeline is used as a main pipeline of a heat source circulation system and the like in a nuclear power closed cooling water system, a boiler slag flushing water closed circulation system and an ORC (organic Rankine cycle) generator set, and the safe operation of the closed hot water circulation pipeline is particularly important. Since water can be approximate to incompressible fluid, the volume of water changes when the temperature changes, the thermal expansion of water in a hot water pipeline is an unavoidable and quite strong natural phenomenon, the pressure can float along with the change of the volume of water, long-time pressure fluctuation can not only influence the stability of a heating or cooling process, but also can cause local deformation and even rupture of a closed pipeline, and safety accidents are caused.
At present, a surge tank is arranged on a closed hot water circulating pipeline to buffer pressure fluctuation in the system pipeline, and the surge tank is mainly used for absorbing the part of volume of a working medium increased due to temperature change in a thermodynamic system.
However, in the practical application process, because the type selection of the surge tank is determined according to the working condition of the system pipeline communicated with the surge tank, once the type selection is performed, the pressure regulating range is fixed, and when the pressure in the pipeline exceeds the regulating range of the surge tank, the safety accidents such as local deformation, rupture and the like of the closed pipeline can be caused for a long time; pressure fluctuation in the circulation pipeline can also cause shutdown of an ORC unit or a heat pump unit and the like where the circulation pipeline is located, so that economic loss is caused; when the model of the surge tank is selected, when the surge tank reaches the standard of the pressure container, registration, handling of the use procedures and the like must be strictly performed according to special equipment, and time investment and cost in the early period of engineering are increased.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a pressure regulating system which can safely and efficiently regulate pipeline pressure change caused by water temperature change in a closed hot water circulating pipeline and is stable in a safe pressure range.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a pressure regulating system comprises a closed hot water circulating pipeline, a pipeline circulating pump arranged on the closed hot water circulating pipeline, a safe pressure reducing subsystem and a discharging subsystem, wherein the safe pressure reducing subsystem is communicated with the closed hot water circulating pipeline at the water inlet end of the pipeline circulating pump, the safe pressure reducing subsystem realizes the stage pressure reduction of discharged hot water through different opening and closing pressures of two sets of valves, and the stage pressure reduction is defined as two stages of pressure reduction and overpressure protection within a safe pressure range; the safe pressure reduction subsystem discharges hot water into the discharge subsystem through a water outlet pipe.
Preferably, the safety pressure reduction subsystem comprises a check valve and a first safety valve for reducing the pressure of the closed hot water circulation pipeline within a safety pressure range, a water inlet pipe of the check valve is communicated with the closed hot water circulation pipeline at the water inlet end of the pipeline circulation pump, a water outlet pipe of the check valve is communicated with a water inlet pipe of the first safety valve, and a water outlet pipe of the first safety valve is communicated with the discharge subsystem; the safety pressure reduction subsystem further comprises a second safety valve, a water inlet pipe of the second safety valve is communicated with a water outlet pipe of the check valve, a water outlet pipe of the second safety valve is communicated with the discharge subsystem, and when the pressure of the closed hot water circulation pipeline exceeds a safety pressure range, the second safety valve and the first safety valve are both opened to discharge hot water for pressure reduction, so that overpressure protection is performed on the closed hot water circulation pipeline;
or the safe pressure reduction subsystem comprises an electromagnetic valve and a pressure switch, the pressure switch is arranged on a water inlet pipe of the check valve, the water inlet pipe of the electromagnetic valve is communicated with a water outlet pipe of the check valve, the water outlet pipe of the electromagnetic valve is communicated with the discharge subsystem, and the electromagnetic valve and the pressure switch carry out pressure reduction on the closed hot water circulation pipeline within a safe pressure range; the safety pressure reduction subsystem further comprises a second safety valve, a water inlet pipe of the second safety valve is communicated with a water outlet pipe of the check valve, a water outlet pipe of the second safety valve is communicated with the discharge subsystem, and when the pressure of the closed hot water circulation pipeline exceeds a safety pressure range, the second safety valve and the electromagnetic valve are both opened to discharge hot water for pressure reduction, so that overpressure protection is performed on the closed hot water circulation pipeline;
or, the safe depressurization subsystem further comprises a second electric valve and a pressure sensor, the pressure sensor is arranged on the water inlet pipe of the check valve, the water inlet pipe of the second electric valve is communicated with the water outlet pipe of the check valve, and the second electric valve and the pressure sensor perform depressurization within a safe pressure range on the closed hot water circulation pipeline; the safety pressure reduction subsystem further comprises a second safety valve, a water inlet pipe of the second safety valve is communicated with a water outlet pipe of the check valve, a water outlet pipe of the second safety valve is communicated with the discharge subsystem, and when the pressure of the closed hot water circulation pipeline exceeds a safety pressure range, the second safety valve and the second electric valve are both opened to discharge hot water for pressure reduction, so that overpressure protection is performed on the closed hot water circulation pipeline.
Preferably, the discharge subsystem comprises a drainage ditch, the safe depressurization subsystem discharges the hot water into the drainage ditch through a drainage pipe, and the drainage ditch discharges the hot water into an underground drainage pipe network communicated with the drainage ditch;
or the discharge subsystem comprises a drainage ditch, a heat exchanger, a cooling tower and a cooling tower water pump, wherein water outlet pipes of the safe pressure reduction subsystem are communicated with water inlet pipes penetrating through the primary side of the heat exchanger, water outlet pipes of the primary side of the heat exchanger are communicated with the drainage ditch, the drainage ditch is communicated with an underground drainage pipe network, a water inlet pipe of the secondary side of the heat exchanger is communicated with a water outlet end of a water pump of the cooling tower, a water inlet end of the water pump of the cooling tower is communicated with a water outlet pipe of the cooling tower, and a water outlet pipe of the secondary side of the heat exchanger is communicated with a water inlet pipe of the cooling tower; the safe pressure reduction subsystem discharges hot water through a drain pipe, the hot water flows through the primary side of the heat exchanger and then exchanges heat with the secondary side of the heat exchanger, the hot water flows out of the primary side of the heat exchanger to the drain ditch after being cooled and is discharged into an underground drain pipe network, the cooling tower water pump provides water circulation power between the secondary side of the heat exchanger and the cooling tower, and the cooling tower discharges heat of the secondary side of the heat exchanger into air.
Preferably, the pressure regulating system still includes right the pressure regulating subsystem that the preliminary pressure regulating was carried out to closed hot water pipeline, the pressure regulating subsystem includes surge tank, first motorised valve and surge water pipe, surge tank below intercommunication has the surge water pipe, the one end of surge water pipe with the one end of first motorised valve is linked together, first motorised valve is kept away from the one end of surge tank with the closed hot water circulation pipeline of pipeline circulating pump intake end is linked together.
The invention also provides a pressure regulating method applied to the pressure regulating system in the claim 2 or 3, which can regulate the pressure in the closed hot water circulating pipeline adopting the pressure regulating system within a safe pressure range. A pressure regulating method of a pressure regulating system comprises the following specific steps:
s1, a closed hot water circulating pipeline provides circulating power by a pipeline circulating pump, and the safe pressure range of pressure in the pipeline is marked as (P) 1 ，P 2 ) In which P is 1 ＜P 2 Closed hot water circulationThe pressure in the line is noted as P 3 ；
S3, if the pressure of the closed hot water circulation pipeline reaches or exceeds the opening pressure of the safe pressure reduction subsystem, the check valve is in one-way conduction, hot water flows into the safe pressure reduction subsystem from the closed hot water circulation pipeline, the safe pressure reduction subsystem is opened to discharge hot water for pressure reduction until the pressure P in the closed hot water circulation pipeline 3 When the pressure is lower than the starting pressure of the safe depressurization subsystem, the safe depressurization subsystem starts to stop depressurization;
and S4, when the safe pressure reduction subsystem reduces the pressure of the closed hot water circulation pipeline, the brake is opened to discharge hot water to the discharge subsystem, and then the discharge subsystem discharges hot wastewater to the underground drainage pipe network.
Preferably, S3 comprises the steps of:
s331, setting the opening pressure of the second safety valve to be P 8 And the opening pressure of the second safety valve is set to 1.05 times of the upper limit of the safety pressure range of the closed hot water circulation pipeline, namely P 8 ＝1.05P 2 The recoil pressure of the second relief valve is set to P 9 A 1 is to P 9 Is set to be P 1 ＜P 9 ≤0.9P 8 ＜P 2 ＜P 8 Setting the closing pressure of a normally open pressure switch arranged at the water inlet pipe of the check valve as the upper limit P of the safe pressure range of the closed hot water circulation pipeline 2 With a cutoff pressure set to P 10 ，P 10 Is set to be smaller than the second relief valve unset pressure P 9 And within the safety pressure range of the closed hot water circulation pipeline, i.e. P 1 ＜P 10 ＜P 9 ；
S332, when the pressure P of the closed hot water circulation pipeline is high 3 In the range of P 2 ≤P 3 ＜P 8 When the pressure of the water inlet pipe of the check valve is measured, the safety pressure reduction subsystem carries out pressure reduction action within a safety pressure range, namely P is measured by a normally-open pressure switch arranged at the water inlet pipe of the check valve 3 ≥P 2 When the pressure switch is closed, the normally open contact of the pressure switch is closed, the electromagnetic valve is switched on (the electromagnetic valve gate is quickly opened, and a large amount of hot water is discharged from the water outlet pipe of the electromagnetic valve, so that the pressure P in the closed hot water circulation pipeline is ensured 3 Descending; up to P 3 ≤P 10 When the pressure switch is closed, the contact is opened, the electromagnetic valve circuit is cut off, the electromagnetic valve gate is immediately closed, and the pressure reduction action within the safe pressure range is finished;
s333, when the pressure P of the closed hot water circulation pipeline 3 In the range of P 3 ≥P 8 When the pressure switch controls the electromagnetic valve to open, the valve clack of the second safety valve is automatically opened, and the hot water is discharged from the water outlet pipe of the second safety valve to reduce the pressure; up to P 3 ＜P 8 When the valve is closed, the valve clack of the second safety valve starts to close; when the valve clack of the second safety valve is contacted with the valve seat again, the overpressure protection action is completely finished, and at the moment, P is 10 ＜P 3 ≤P 9 The safe pressure reduction subsystem returns to the action range of reducing the pressure within the safe pressure range only by controlling the electromagnetic valve through the pressure switch;
alternatively, S3 comprises the steps of:
s341, the opening pressure of the second safety valve is set to be P 8 And the opening pressure of the second safety valve is set to 1.05 times of the upper limit of the safety pressure range of the closed hot water circulation pipeline, namely P 8 ＝1.05P 2 The recoil pressure of the second relief valve is set to P 9 A 1 is to P 9 Is set to be P 1 ＜P 9 ≤0.9P 8 ＜P 2 ＜P 8 (ii) a The opening pressure of the first safety valve is set to P 6 And P is 6 Close to the upper limit of the safety pressure range and less than the recoil pressure P of the second relief valve 9 I.e. P 1 ＜P 6 ＜P 9 The recoil pressure of the first relief valve is set to P 7 A 1 is to P 7 Is set to be P 1 ＜P 7 ≤0.9P 6 ；
S342, when the pressure P of the closed hot water circulation pipeline 3 In the range of P 2 ≤P 3 ＜P 8 When the pressure in the closed hot water circulation pipeline is reduced, the safety pressure reduction subsystem performs pressure reduction action in a safety pressure range, namely, the valve clack of the first safety valve is automatically opened, hot water is discharged from the water outlet pipe of the first safety valve, and the pressure P in the closed hot water circulation pipeline is enabled to be increased 3 No longer rising; up to P 3 ＜P 6 When the valve clack of the first safety valve is contacted with the valve seat again, the safe pressure reduction subsystem does not reduce the pressure through discharging hot water any more, the pressure reduction action within the safe pressure range is finished, and at the moment, the pressure P in the closed hot water circulation pipeline is increased 3 In the range of P 1 ＜P 3 ≤P 7 ＜P 2 ；
S343, when the pressure P of the closed hot water circulation pipeline 3 In the range of P 3 ≥P 8 When the first safety valve is opened, the valve clack of the second safety valve is automatically opened, and hot water is discharged from a water outlet pipe of the second safety valve for pressure reduction; up to P 3 ＜P 8 When the valve is closed, the valve clack of the second safety valve begins to close; when the valve clack of the second safety valve contacts with the valve seat again, the overpressure protection action is completely finished, and P is the moment 6 ＜P 3 ≤P 9 Or P 6 ≤P 3 ＜P 9 Namely, the closed hot water circulation pipeline returns to the action range of reducing the pressure within the safe pressure range only by the first safety valve;
s4, the method comprises the following steps:
s411, water outlet pipes of the safe pressure reduction subsystem (II) are communicated with water inlet pipes penetrating through the primary side of the heat exchanger (32), water outlet pipes of the primary side of the heat exchanger (32) are communicated with a drainage ditch (31), the drainage ditch (31) is communicated with an underground drainage pipe network, hot water discharged by the safe pressure reduction subsystem (II) flows through the primary side of the heat exchanger (32), then is subjected to heat exchange with the secondary side of the heat exchanger (32), is cooled, and enters the drainage ditch (31) to be discharged into the underground drainage pipe network, wherein the water temperature is lower than the allowable temperature of the underground drainage pipe network;
s412, the heat exchanger (32) transfers the heat of the primary side to the secondary side, the cooling tower water pump (34) provides water circulation power between the secondary side of the heat exchanger (32) and the cooling tower (33), the heat of the secondary side of the heat exchanger (32) is brought into the cooling tower (33) by cooling water circularly flowing through the secondary side of the heat exchanger (32), and the cooling tower (33) dissipates heat and reduces temperature to air through evaporation;
alternatively, S4 comprises the steps of:
and S421, opening the safety pressure reduction subsystem (II) to reduce the pressure of hot water discharged by the hot water, collecting the discharged hot water into the drainage ditch (31) from the water outlet pipe of the safety pressure reduction subsystem (II), and discharging the hot water into an underground drainage pipe network through the drainage ditch (31).
The invention also provides a pressure regulating method applied to the pressure regulating system in the claim 4, which can more efficiently regulate the pressure in the closed hot water circulating pipeline adopting the pressure regulating system within a safe pressure range. A pressure regulating method of a pressure regulating system comprises the following specific steps:
s1, a closed hot water circulating pipeline is powered by a pipeline circulating pump, and the safe pressure range of pressure in the pipeline is recorded as (P) 1 ，P 2 ) In which P is 1 ＜P 2 And the pressure in the closed hot water circulation pipeline is marked as P 3 And the voltage regulation range of the voltage regulation subsystem is recorded as (P) 1 ，P 5 ) In which P is 1 ＜P 5 ＜P 2 When the water temperature in the closed hot water circulation pipeline changes to cause pressure fluctuation, P still exists 1 ＜P 3 ＜P 5 When the pressure in the closed hot water circulation pipeline is regulated by the pressure regulating subsystem;
s2, the pressure P in the closed hot water circulation pipeline after being regulated by the pressure regulating subsystem 3 ≥P 5 If the pressure regulating subsystem closes the normally open first electric valve, the first electric valve enters a protection state, and the pressure in the closed hot water circulation pipeline is not regulated any more;
s3, if the pressure of the closed hot water circulation pipeline reaches or exceeds the opening pressure of the safe pressure reduction subsystem, the check valve is conducted in a one-way mode, hot water flows into the safe pressure reduction subsystem from the closed hot water circulation pipeline, the safe pressure reduction subsystem is opened to discharge hot water for pressure reduction until the pressure P in the closed hot water circulation pipeline is reduced 3 When the pressure is lower than the starting pressure of the safe depressurization subsystem, the safe depressurization subsystem starts to stop depressurization;
and S4, when the safe pressure reduction subsystem reduces the pressure of the closed hot water circulation pipeline, the brake is opened to discharge hot water to the discharge subsystem, and then the discharge subsystem discharges hot wastewater to the underground drainage pipe network.
Preferably, S1 comprises the steps of:
s111, the pressure regulating subsystem comprises a first electric valve, a pressure stabilizing tank and a pressure stabilizing pipeline, the first electric valve is in an open state, and the initial pressure and the P of the pre-filled gas in the pressure stabilizing tank 1 Equal, the upper limit of the safe pressure stabilizing range of the pressure stabilizing tank is set to be P 5 The pressure sensor is arranged in the air bag of the pressure stabilizing tank, and the real-time pressure of the pre-charging gas is measured to be P 4 ；
S112, when the water temperature changes and the water volume expands to cause the pressure in the closed hot water circulation pipeline to increase, namely P 1 ＜P 4 ＜P 3 ＜P 2 During the process, hot water with redundant volume flows to a pressure stabilizing water pipe from a closed hot water circulation pipeline and enters a pressure stabilizing tank, the volume of gas prefilled in the pressure stabilizing tank is compressed, the gas is increased by compression pressure, until the gas pressure prefilled in the pressure stabilizing tank is equal to the pressure in the closed hot water circulation pipeline, the hot water in the closed hot water circulation pipeline does not flow into the pressure stabilizing tank, dynamic balance is achieved, and P during the dynamic balance 4 ＝P 3 ；
S113, when the pressure of the closed hot water circulation pipeline is less than the pressure of the gas pre-filled in the pressure stabilizing tank, namely P 1 ＜P 3 ＜P 4 ＜P 2 When the pressure of the closed hot water circulation pipeline is equal to the pressure of gas in the pressure stabilizing tank, hot water in the pressure stabilizing tank is not supplied to the closed hot water circulation pipeline any more, and dynamic balance is achieved again;
s2 comprises the following steps:
s211, when the pressure of the gas in the pressure stabilizing tank reaches the upper limit of safe pressure stabilization, namely P 4 ＝P 5 And pressure P in closed hot water circulation pipeline 3 ＞P 5 When the pressure of the closed hot water circulation pipeline is stabilized, the first electric valve is closed immediately, and the pressure stabilizing tank does not stabilize the pressure of the closed hot water circulation pipeline any more;
s3 comprises the following steps:
s311, the opening pressure of the second safety valve is set to be P 8 And the opening pressure of the second safety valve is set to the upper limit of the safety pressure range of the closed hot water circulation pipeline1.05 times of (i.e. P) 8 ＝1.05P 2 The recoil pressure of the second relief valve is set to P 9 A 1 is to P 9 Is set to be P 1 ＜P 9 ≤0.9P 8 ＜P 2 ＜P 8 ；
S312, when the pressure P of the closed hot water circulation pipeline is higher 3 In the range of P 2 ≤P 3 ＜P 8 When the pressure sensor is used, the safety pressure reduction subsystem performs pressure reduction action within a safety pressure range, namely, the pressure sensor arranged at the water inlet pipe only needs to measure P when the check valve (the pressure sensor arranged at the water inlet pipe) is used 3 ≥P 2 When the pressure in the pipeline exceeds the normal value, the opening of the valve of the second electric valve is controlled, the hot water is discharged and the pressure is reduced, the pressure sensor and the second electric valve are controlled in a closed loop mode, the pressure of the closed hot water circulation pipeline is gradually adjusted until the pressure is restored to the safe pressure range, namely when the pressure sensor detects P 3 ＜P 2 When the pressure is reduced, the gate of the second electric valve is completely closed, and the pressure reduction action within the safe pressure range is completely finished;
s313, when the pressure reduction action within the safe pressure range is completely finished, if the pressure of the closed hot water circulation pipeline is P 3 ≥P 5 If the first electric valve is in a closed state, the pressure regulating subsystem does not regulate the pressure in the closed hot water circulating pipeline; if the pressure P of the closed hot water circulation pipeline 3 ＜P 5 If the pressure of the hot water is higher than the preset pressure, the first electric valve is opened, and the closed hot water circulation pipeline returns to the range of pressure regulation only by the pressure regulating subsystem;
s314, when the pressure P of the closed hot water circulation pipeline is higher 3 In the range of P 3 ≥P 8 When the pressure sensor controls the second electric valve to open, the valve clack of the second safety valve is automatically opened, and the hot water is discharged from the water outlet pipe of the second safety valve to reduce the pressure; up to P 3 ＜P 8 When the valve is closed, the valve clack of the second safety valve begins to close; when the valve clack of the second safety valve is contacted with the valve seat again, the gate of the second electric valve is completely closed, the overpressure protection action is completely finished, and at the moment, P 1 ＜P 3 ≤P 9；
Alternatively, S3 comprises the steps of:
s321, setting the opening pressure of the second safety valve to be P 8 And the opening pressure of the second safety valve is set to 1.05 times of the upper limit of the safety pressure range of the closed hot water circulation pipeline, namely P 8 ＝1.05P 2 The recoil pressure of the second relief valve is set to P 9 A 1 is to P 9 Is set to be P 1 ＜P 9 ≤0.9P 8 ＜P 2 ＜P 8 Setting the closing pressure of a normally open pressure switch arranged at the water inlet pipe of the check valve as the upper limit P of the safe pressure range of the closed hot water circulation pipeline 2 With a cutoff pressure set to P 10 ，P 10 Is set to be smaller than the second relief valve unset pressure P 9 And within the safety pressure range of the closed hot water circulation pipeline, i.e. P 1 ＜P 10 ＜P 9 ；
S322, when the pressure P of the closed hot water circulation pipeline 3 In the range of P 2 ≤P 3 ＜P 8 When the pressure of the water inlet pipe of the check valve is measured, the safety pressure reduction subsystem carries out pressure reduction action within a safety pressure range, namely P is measured by a normally-open pressure switch arranged at the water inlet pipe of the check valve 3 ≥P 2 When the pressure switch is closed, the normally open contact of the pressure switch is closed, the electromagnetic valve circuit is switched on, the electromagnetic valve gate is quickly opened, a large amount of hot water is discharged from the electromagnetic valve water outlet pipe, and the pressure P in the closed hot water circulation pipeline is enabled to be in 3 Descending; up to P 3 ≤P 10 When the pressure switch is closed, the contact is opened, the electromagnetic valve circuit is cut off, the electromagnetic valve gate is immediately closed, and the pressure reduction action within the safe pressure range is finished;
s323, when the pressure reduction action in the safe pressure range is completely finished, if the pressure P of the closed hot water circulation pipeline is up 3 ≥P 5 If the first electric valve is in a closed state, the pressure regulating subsystem does not regulate the pressure in the closed hot water circulating pipeline; if the pressure P of the closed hot water circulation pipeline 3 ＜P 5 If the first electric valve is opened, the closed hot water circulation pipeline returns to the range of pressure regulation only by the pressure regulating subsystem;
s324, when the pressure P of the closed hot water circulation pipeline is high 3 In the range of P 3 ≥P 8 When the pressure switch controls the electromagnetic valve to open, the valve clack of the second safety valve is automatically opened, and the hot water is discharged from the water outlet pipe of the second safety valve to reduce the pressure; up to P 3 ＜P 8 When the valve is closed, the valve clack of the second safety valve begins to close; when the valve clack of the second safety valve contacts with the valve seat again, the overpressure protection action is completely finished, and P is the moment 10 ＜P 3 ≤P 9 And the safe pressure reduction subsystem returns to the action range of reducing the pressure within the safe pressure range only by controlling the electromagnetic valve through the pressure switch.
Further preferably, S4 comprises the steps of:
s411, water outlet pipes of the safe pressure reduction subsystem are communicated with water inlet pipes penetrating through a primary side of a heat exchanger, a water outlet pipe of the primary side of the heat exchanger is communicated with a drainage ditch, the drainage ditch is communicated with an underground drainage pipe network, hot water discharged by the safe pressure reduction subsystem flows through the primary side of the heat exchanger, then is subjected to heat exchange with a secondary side of the heat exchanger, is cooled, and has the water temperature lower than the allowable temperature of the underground drainage pipe network, enters the drainage ditch and is discharged into the underground drainage pipe network;
s412, the heat exchanger transfers the heat of the primary side to the secondary side, a cooling tower water pump provides water circulation power between the secondary side of the heat exchanger and a cooling tower, the heat of the secondary side of the heat exchanger is carried into the cooling tower by cooling water circularly flowing through the secondary side of the heat exchanger, and the cooling tower dissipates heat and reduces temperature to air through evaporation;
alternatively, S4 comprises the steps of:
and S421, opening the safety pressure reduction subsystem to reduce the pressure of hot water discharged by the hot water, collecting the discharged hot water into a drainage ditch from a water outlet pipe of the safety pressure reduction subsystem, and discharging the hot water to an underground drainage pipe network through the drainage ditch.
The invention also provides an ORC unit adopting the pressure regulating system as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the pressure regulating system is adopted on a closed cycle heating pipeline communicated with an evaporator of the ORC unit.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) When the pressure in a closed hot water circulation pipeline reaches or exceeds the opening pressure of the depressurization action in the safety pressure range of the safety depressurization subsystem but does not exceed the opening pressure of the overpressure protection action, the one set of valves performs the depressurization action in the safety pressure range, namely, a first safety valve opens to discharge hot water, the closed hot water circulation pipeline is depressurized, until the pressure in the closed hot water circulation pipeline is lower than the opening pressure of the first safety valve, the first safety valve starts to close a gate, and when the gate of the first safety valve is completely closed, the depressurization action in the safety pressure range is finished, and the pressure in the closed hot water circulation pipeline is stabilized in the safety pressure range; the pressure reduction action in the safe pressure range reduces the occurrence probability that the pressure in the closed hot water circulation pipeline exceeds the upper limit of the safe pressure range, and simultaneously reduces the occurrence of the situation that the pressure suddenly increases to exceed the upper limit of the safe pressure range; the existence of the pressure reduction action in the safety pressure range reduces the times of the overpressure protection action, directly reduces the times of opening and closing the second safety valve, and prolongs the service life of the second safety valve.
(2) When the pressure of the closed hot water circulation pipeline suddenly increases to or exceeds the opening pressure of the overpressure protection action, the safety pressure reduction subsystem opens the overpressure protection action, namely when the set of valve which performs the pressure reduction action in the safety pressure range is opened to discharge hot water, the other set of valve, namely a second safety valve, is opened to discharge the hot water for pressure reduction, and the safety pressure reduction subsystem stops the overpressure protection action until the pressure of the closed hot water circulation pipeline is reduced to the safety pressure range; the two sets of valves are opened to reduce pressure, and even if the pressure in the pipeline suddenly increases beyond a safe pressure range due to water temperature change, the overpressure protection action of the safe pressure reduction subsystem can shorten the time of overpressure of the pipeline as much as possible by increasing the water discharge; the safety pressure reduction subsystem is opened and reduced in pressure through the mutual cooperation of one set of valve or two sets of valves according to the pressure of the closed hot water circulation pipeline, and a good pressure reduction effect is guaranteed.
(3) When the pressure in the closed hot water circulation pipeline reaches or exceeds the opening pressure of the pressure reduction action in the safe pressure reduction subsystem safe pressure range but does not exceed the opening pressure of the overpressure protection action, the normally open contact of the pressure switch is closed, the electromagnetic valve is controlled to be electrified and opened to discharge hot water to reduce the pressure of the closed hot water circulation pipeline until the pressure of the closed hot water circulation pipeline is lower than the opening pressure of the pressure switch, the pressure switch is switched off, and the pressure in the closed hot water circulation pipeline is stabilized in the safe pressure range; the pressure switch is matched with the quick-opening and quick-closing electromagnetic valves, so that the pressure reduction action within the safe pressure range is more sensitive in response, the action speed is higher, and the action range is more accurately controlled.
(4) When the pressure in the closed hot water circulating pipeline reaches or exceeds the opening pressure of the depressurization action in the safety pressure range of the safety depressurization subsystem but does not exceed the opening pressure of the overpressure protection action, the pressure sensor controls the second electric valve to open to discharge hot water, the closed hot water circulating pipeline is depressurized, and the pressure sensor controls the second electric valve to completely close the gate until the pressure of the closed hot water circulating pipeline is lower than the upper limit of the safety pressure, and the pressure in the closed hot water circulating pipeline is stabilized in the safety pressure range; the closed-loop control of the pressure sensor and the second electric valve ensures that the valve opening of the second electric valve is changed in real time according to the pressure change in the closed circulation pipeline, so that the pipeline pressure is gradually adjusted, the sudden pressure change when the pressure switch controls the electromagnetic valve to be opened and closed quickly is avoided, the water hammer effect caused by the sudden pressure change is weakened, the adverse effect on the pipeline service life is reduced, and the safety of the safety pressure reduction subsystem in the pressure reduction process is further improved; the pressure sensor and the second electric valve are controlled in a closed loop mode, so that the pressure reduction action within the safe pressure range is more sensitive and timely, and the action precision is higher.
(5) According to the invention, the heat exchanger and the cooling tower are arranged in front of the drainage ditch in the discharge subsystem, so that hot water discharged by the safety depressurization subsystem firstly transfers part of heat to the cooling tower through the heat exchanger and is dissipated into air, then the cooled hot wastewater is discharged into the drainage ditch and finally enters the underground drainage pipe network, and the air heat dissipation and the hot wastewater discharge are combined, so that the discharged hot wastewater is lower than the allowable temperature of the underground drainage pipe network, the pressure of the underground drainage pipe network is reduced, the hydrothermal pollution is reduced, and the system is more environment-friendly.
(6) Two sets of pressure reducing valves in the safe pressure reducing subsystem are mutually standby, even if one set of pressure reducing valve fails in the working process, the other set of pressure reducing valve can still be opened to drain water and reduce pressure, and the pressure of a closed hot water pipeline is reduced to be within a safe pressure range.
(7) The pressure regulating subsystem can perform primary pressure-stabilizing regulation on pressure fluctuation of the closed hot water pipeline within the safe pressure range of the pipeline, and can stabilize the pressure fluctuation of the pipeline within a certain range by the pressure stabilizing effect of the pressure stabilizing tank in the pressure regulating subsystem no matter the pressure of the closed hot water circulation pipeline in the temperature rising stage is raised or the pressure of the closed hot water circulation pipeline in the temperature lowering stage to finish heat supply is lowered, so that the action frequency of equipment in the safe pressure lowering subsystem is reduced.
(8) The pressure regulating subsystem and the safe pressure reducing subsystem are matched with each other, the pressure regulating subsystem performs primary pressure stabilizing regulation, when the pressure regulating subsystem exceeds the regulation range, the valve of the pressure regulating subsystem is closed, the pressure is reduced by the safe pressure reducing subsystem until the pressure of the pipeline is reduced back to the regulation range of the pressure reducing subsystem, so that a pressure stabilizing tank which is not standard for special equipment can be selected in the pressure regulating subsystem, registration, handling and use procedures and the like are not required according to the requirements of the special equipment, and the early time investment and the operation management cost of the pressure regulating subsystem are reduced.
(9) The pressure regulating system stabilizes the pressure in the closed hot water circulating pipeline within a safe pressure range and gently fluctuates, reduces the risks of safety accidents such as local deformation, breakage and the like of the closed pipeline caused by the pressure change of the pipeline, and prolongs the service life and the safety of the closed hot water circulating pipeline.
(10) The pressure regulating system is adopted to regulate the pressure of the closed circulation heat supply pipeline communicated with the ORC unit evaporator, so that the possibility of shutdown or unstable power generation of the ORC unit caused by pressure fluctuation in the closed heat supply pipeline for heat supply is reduced, the economic loss is reduced, and the performance of the ORC unit and the utilization rate of industrial waste heat are improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a first pressure regulating system according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a second pressure regulating system according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a third pressure regulating system of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a fourth pressure regulating system of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a fifth pressure regulating system according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of an ORC unit according to the present invention employing a fifth pressure regulation system;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the voltage regulation system module corresponding to FIGS. 3-5;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a voltage regulation system module corresponding to FIGS. 1-2 according to the present invention;
the actual correspondence between each label and the part name of the invention is as follows:
i-a voltage regulation subsystem; II-a safe depressurization subsystem; III-an exhaust subsystem;
10. a surge tank; 12. a first electrically operated valve;
21. a check valve; 22. a first safety valve; 23. a second safety valve; 24. an electromagnetic valve; 25. a pressure switch; 26. a second electrically operated valve; 27. a pressure sensor;
31. a drainage ditch; 32. a heat exchanger; 33. a cooling tower; 34. a cooling tower water pump;
41. a pipeline circulating pump;
51. an evaporator; 52. a working medium pump; 53. a condenser; 54. a turbine;
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solution of the present invention clearer and clearer, the following clearly and completely describes the present invention with reference to the attached drawings, and obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments, and those skilled in the art can make equivalent substitutions and general reasoning on the technical features of the technical solution of the present invention without creative work to obtain the solution that falls into the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
The invention provides a pressure regulating system, comprising: the pressure regulating subsystem I, the safe pressure reducing subsystem II and the discharging subsystem III.
The invention relates to a pressure regulating system applied to a closed hot water circulating pipeline, wherein the components of partial subsystems of the pressure regulating system are not unique, communication is selected by designers according to actual conditions, and the concrete components, communication modes and working processes of the subsystems are explained as follows:
1. voltage regulation subsystem I
The pressure regulating subsystem I is used for preliminarily regulating the pressure increase or decrease condition in the closed hot water circulation pipeline, preventing the pressure in the closed hot water circulation pipeline from rapidly changing, and ensuring the pressure of the closed hot water circulation pipeline to be stabilized in a safe pressure range.
As shown in fig. 3, 4 and 6, the pressure regulating subsystem i includes a surge tank 11, a first electric valve 12 and a surge line. The pressure stabilizing water pipe below the pressure stabilizing tank 11 is communicated with one end of the first electric valve 12, and the other end of the first electric valve 12 is communicated with a water inlet end circulation pipeline of the pipeline circulation pump 41 in the closed hot water circulation pipeline. Because the voltage regulation subsystems i in fig. 3, 4 and 6 have the same structure, the following description will be given by taking fig. 3 as an example:
the highest working pressure of the pressure stabilizing tank 11 is less than 0.1MPa (gauge pressure), or the volume is less than 30L, or the inner diameter (the non-circular section refers to the maximum geometric dimension of the inner boundary of the section) is less than 150mm, namely the type selection of the pressure stabilizing tank 11 at least meets one of three conditions. The surge tank 11 that satisfies any one of the above conditions is a non-special device. In addition, only one pressure stabilizing water pipe is used for water inlet or water outlet of the pressure stabilizing tank 11, so that the function of stabilizing pressure is achieved.
The first electric valve 12 is an electric ball valve or an electric butterfly valve and is in a normally open state when the closed hot water circulation pipeline works normally, and when the first electric valve 12 is in an open state, the hot water in the pipeline flows from a high-pressure end to a low-pressure end; when the first electric valve 12 is closed, no matter what the pressure in the pipe connected to the two ends of the first electric valve 12 is, the hot water cannot flow into or out of the pipe where the first electric valve 12 is located.
When the first electric valve 12 is opened, when the pressure in the closed hot water circulation pipeline is increased due to the rise of water temperature and the expansion of water volume, the water with redundant volume generated by the expansion enters the pressure stabilizing tank 11 firstly, namely, the hot water flows to the pressure stabilizing water pipe from the closed hot water circulation pipeline, the volume of the gas pre-filled in the pressure stabilizing tank 11 is compressed, the gas is increased by the compression pressure, and the hot water in the closed hot water circulation pipeline does not flow into the pressure stabilizing tank 11 until the pressure of the gas pre-filled in the pressure stabilizing tank 11 is equal to the pressure in the closed hot water circulation pipeline, so that the dynamic balance is achieved; on the contrary, when the temperature of the water in the closed hot water circulation pipeline is reduced, the pressure in the closed hot water circulation pipeline is lower than the pressure of the gas pre-filled in the pressure stabilizing tank 11, the hot water originally entering the pressure stabilizing tank 11 can be extruded and supplemented into the closed hot water circulation pipeline, namely, the hot water flows to the hot water circulation pipeline from the pressure stabilizing water pipe, so that the pressure in the closed hot water circulation pipeline is increased until the pressure in the closed hot water circulation pipeline is equal to the pressure of the gas in the pressure stabilizing tank 11, and the hot water in the pressure stabilizing tank 11 is not supplemented to the closed hot water circulation pipeline any more, so that the dynamic balance is maintained. The above steps are repeated, and because the parameters of the pressure stabilizing tank 11 are limited in the invention, the pressure regulating subsystem I is only used for preliminarily buffering the pressure fluctuation in the hot water circulation pipeline within a safe pressure range.
The pressure in the closed hot water circulation line is recorded as P 3 (ii) a The pressure sensor is arranged in the air bag of the surge tank 11, and the real-time pressure of the pre-charging gas is measured to be P 4 Initial pressure and P of the pre-charge gas in the surge tank 11 1 Equal, the upper limit of the safe regulated range of the regulated tank 11 is noted as P 5 (ii) a The safety pressure range in the closed hot water circuit is designated (P) 1 ，P 2 ) Wherein P is 1 ＜P 2 。
When P is present 1 ＜P 4 ＜P 5 ＜P 2 When the first electric valve 12 is opened, the pressure in the closed hot water circulation pipeline is preliminarily, safely and real-timely adjusted only by the pressure adjusting subsystem I; at this time notThe pressure stabilizing tank 11 of the special equipment works safely, and the pressure of the closed hot water circulation pipeline is also stabilized within the safe pressure range of the hot water pipeline. When P is present 4 ＝P 5 And pressure P in the closed hot water circulation pipeline 3 ＞P 5 When the first electric valve 12 is closed immediately, the pressure P of the gas in the surge tank 11 is pre-charged 4 The pressure stabilizing tank 11 with non-special equipment can not rise any more, and the safe operation is ensured; at the moment, the pressure regulating subsystem I does not regulate the pressure in the closed hot water circulating pipeline any more.
2. Safe depressurization subsystem II
When the pressure regulating system comprises the pressure regulating subsystem I, after the pressure regulating subsystem I preliminarily regulates the pressure change in the closed hot water circulating pipeline, if the pressure P in the closed hot water circulating pipeline is higher than the pressure P in the closed hot water circulating pipeline 3 And if the pressure is still higher than the opening pressure of the safe pressure reduction subsystem II, the safe pressure reduction subsystem II is started, the brake is opened to discharge hot water for pressure reduction, and the pressure in the closed hot water circulation pipeline returns to the regulation range of the pressure regulation subsystem I.
When the invention does not include the pressure regulating subsystem I, if the pressure P in the closed hot water circulation pipeline 3 And when the pressure in the closed hot water circulation pipeline is less than or equal to the complete closing pressure of the safe pressure reduction subsystem II, the safe pressure reduction subsystem II is completely closed, so that the pressure in the closed hot water circulation pipeline is stabilized in a safe pressure range.
2.1 safety depressurization subsystem II with first safety valve 22 and second safety valve 23
As shown in fig. 1, the safety pressure reducing subsystem ii includes a check valve 21, a first safety valve 22, a second safety valve 23, and a pressure reducing line. Wherein, the pressure reduction pipeline comprises a water inlet and outlet pipe of the check valve 21, a water inlet and outlet pipe of the first safety valve 22 and a water inlet and outlet pipe of the second safety valve 23.
The water inlet pipe of the check valve 21 is communicated with the water inlet end circulation pipeline of the pipeline circulation pump 41 in the closed hot water circulation pipeline. The water outlet pipe of the check valve 21 is respectively communicated with the water inlet end of the first safety valve 22 and the water inlet end of the second safety valve 23 through the water inlet pipe of the first safety valve 22 and the water inlet pipe of the second safety valve 23. The water outlet end of the first safety valve 22 is communicated with the water outlet pipe of the first safety valve 22, and the water outlet end of the second safety valve 23 is communicated with the water outlet pipe of the second safety valve 23.
In this embodiment, the check valve 21 is a one-way butterfly valve, and the water flow direction of the branch in which the check valve is located flows from the water inlet end to the water outlet end of the check valve 21, and cannot flow reversely; the check valve 21 may be another valve that is opened in one direction.
When the voltage regulating system of the present invention not only comprises the safe voltage reducing subsystem II with the structure, but also comprises the voltage regulating subsystem I (the connection mode is not shown in the figure):
the valve flap of the first safety valve 22 begins to rise and the opening pressure at which the hot water flows out continuously is recorded as P 6 (ii) a The opening pressure of the first relief valve 22 is set to P 5 ≤P 6 ＜P 2 (ii) a The flap of the first safety valve 22 comes back into contact with the valve seat, i.e. the hot water pressure at the inlet of the first safety valve 22 when the opening height becomes 0 is the recoil pressure, denoted as P 7 (ii) a And because the recoil pressure of the relief valve must be within 90% (inclusive of 90%) of the opening pressure, i.e., the opening pressure P of the first relief valve 22 6 With the recoil pressure P 7 The setting range of (1) is: p 5 ≤P 6 ＜P 2 And P is 7 ≤0.9P 6 And P is 7 ≤P 5 . When the closed hot water circulation line pressure P at the first safety valve 22 3 ≥P 6 When the pressure in the closed hot water circulation pipeline is higher than the pressure in the closed hot water circulation pipeline, the valve clack of the first safety valve 22 is automatically opened, hot water is discharged from the water outlet pipe of the first safety valve 22, and the pressure P in the closed hot water circulation pipeline is reduced 3 No longer rising; up to P 3 ＜P 6 At this time, the valve flap of the first safety valve 22 starts to close; when the valve clack of the first safety valve 22 is contacted with the valve seat again, the safety pressure reduction subsystem II is not reduced by discharged hot water any more, and the pressure P in the closed hot water circulation pipeline is at the moment 3 In the range of P 1 ＜P 3 ≤P 7 ≤P 5 Namely, the closed hot water circulation pipeline returns to the pressure regulating range of the pressure regulating subsystem I again, the first electric valve 12 in the pressure regulating subsystem I is opened, and the pressure in the closed hot water circulation pipeline returns to the pressure regulating range of the pressure regulating subsystem I.
The opening pressure of the second relief valve 23 is denoted as P 8 Recoil pressure is noted as P 9 The opening pressure of the second relief valve 23 is set to 1.05 times the upper limit of the relief pressure range of the closed hot water circulation line, i.e., P 8 ＝1.05P 2 Further, since the recoil pressure of the relief valve must be within 90% (inclusive of 90%) of the opening pressure, i.e., the opening pressure P of the second relief valve 23 8 With the recoil pressure P 9 The setting range of (1) is: p 1 ＜P 9 ≤0.945P 2 ＜P 2 ＜1.05P 2 ＝P 8 And P is 9 ≤P 5 . When the closed hot water circulation line pressure P at the second safety valve 23 3 ≥P 8 When the pressure in the closed hot water circulation pipeline is increased, the valve clack of the second safety valve 23 is automatically opened, a large amount of hot water is discharged from the water outlet pipe of the second safety valve 23, and the pressure P in the closed hot water circulation pipeline is increased 3 Descending; up to P 3 ＜P 8 At this time, the valve flap of the second safety valve 23 starts to close; when the valve clack of the second safety valve 23 is contacted with the valve seat again, the second safety valve 23 does not discharge hot water from the water outlet pipe of the second safety valve 23 and reduces the pressure, and at the moment, the pressure P in the closed hot water circulation pipeline is increased 3 In the range of P 6 ＜P 3 ＜P 9 ＜P 2 I.e. the closed hot water circuit is returned again to the range of the opening pressure reduction of the first safety valve 22.
As shown in fig. 1, when the voltage regulation system of the present invention only includes the safe voltage reduction subsystem ii with the structure, and does not include the voltage regulation subsystem i:
the valve flap of the first safety valve 22 begins to rise and the opening pressure at which the hot water flows out continuously is recorded as P 6 (ii) a The opening pressure of the first relief valve 22 is set to P 1 ＜P 6 ＜P 2 (ii) a The flap of the first safety valve 22 is brought back into contact with the valve seat, i.e. the hot water pressure at the inlet of the first safety valve 22 when the opening height becomes 0 is the recoil pressure, denoted as P 7 (ii) a And because the recoil pressure of the relief valve must be within 90% (inclusive of 90%) of the opening pressure, i.e., the opening pressure P of the first relief valve 22 6 With recoil pressure P 7 The setting range of (1) is: p is 1 ＜P 7 ≤0.9P 6 . When it is first installedClosed hot water circulation line pressure P at full valve 22 3 ≥P 6 When the pressure in the closed hot water circulation pipeline is higher than the pressure in the closed hot water circulation pipeline, the valve clack of the first safety valve 22 is automatically opened, hot water is discharged from the water outlet pipe of the first safety valve 22, and the pressure P in the closed hot water circulation pipeline is reduced 3 No longer rising; up to P 3 ＜P 6 At this time, the valve flap of the first safety valve 22 starts to close; when the valve clack of the first safety valve 22 is contacted with the valve seat again, the safety pressure reduction subsystem II is completely closed and is not reduced in pressure through discharged hot water any more, and at the moment, the pressure P in the closed hot water circulation pipeline 3 In the range of P 1 ＜P 3 ≤P 7 ＜P 2 。
The opening pressure of the second pressure relief valve 23 is denoted P 8 Recoil pressure is noted as P 9 The opening pressure of the second relief valve 23 is set to 1.05 times the upper limit of the relief pressure range of the closed hot water circulation line, i.e., P 8 ＝1.05P 2 Further, since the recoil pressure of the relief valve must be within 90% (including 90%) of the opening pressure, i.e., the opening pressure P of the second relief valve 23 8 With recoil pressure P 9 The setting range of (1) is: p 1 ＜P 9 ≤0.945P 2 ＜P 2 ＜1.05P 2 ＝P 8 . When the closed hot water circuit pressure P at the second safety valve 23 3 ≥P 8 When the pressure in the closed hot water circulation pipeline is increased, the valve clack of the second safety valve 23 is automatically opened, a large amount of hot water is discharged from the water outlet pipe of the second safety valve 23, and the pressure P in the closed hot water circulation pipeline is increased 3 Descending; up to P 3 ＜P 8 At this time, the valve flap of the second safety valve 23 starts to close; when the valve clack of the second safety valve 23 contacts with the valve seat again, the second safety valve 23 does not discharge hot water from the water outlet pipe of the second safety valve 23 and reduces the pressure, and at the moment, the pressure P in the closed hot water circulation pipeline is increased 3 In the range of P 6 ＜P 3 ＜P 9 ＜P 2 I.e. the closed hot water circuit is returned again to the range of the opening pressure reduction of the first pressure relief valve 22.
When the water temperature rises rapidly and the pressure in the closed hot water circulation pipeline increases rapidly to exceed the upper limit of the safety pressure of the closed hot water circulation pipeline by a certain value, the abnormal overpressure is determined. In the case of abnormal overpressure, the pressure in the closed hot water circulation line cannot be restored to the safe pressure range in a short time by only the pressure reduction of the water discharge by the first safety valve 22, and therefore the opening pressure of the second safety valve 23 is set to 1.05 times the upper limit of the safe pressure range of the closed hot water circulation line. When abnormal overpressure occurs, the first safety valve 22 is opened to reduce the pressure, and the second safety valve 23 is also opened to reduce the pressure at a large flow rate; when the first safety valve 22 and the second safety valve 23 are opened and depressurized simultaneously, the overpressure protection action is taken, the pressure in the closed hot water circulation pipeline can be reduced to a safe pressure range in a short time, when the overpressure protection action is completely finished, the valve of the second safety valve 23 is completely closed, and the closed hot water circulation pipeline returns to the range of the opening and depressurization of the first safety valve 22.
Due to the arrangement of the two safety valves in the safety pressure reduction subsystem II, when the two safety valves have no fault, only the first safety valve 22 or the first safety valve 22 and the second safety valve 23 can be correspondingly opened according to the difference of the pressure in the closed hot water circulation pipeline, so that pressure reduction or overpressure protection within a safety pressure range can be realized within a short time; when any one of the two safety valves breaks down, the closed hot water circulating pipeline can still perform the opening and pressure reduction actions, the pressure in the closed hot water circulating pipeline is reduced to a safe pressure range, the safety accidents of local deformation, breakage and the like of the closed pipeline caused by pressure fluctuation are reduced to the maximum extent, the safe production is ensured, and the economic loss is reduced. The safety coefficient of the safe pressure reduction subsystem II is improved by the two safety valves, and the pressure reduction efficiency is further ensured.
2.2 safety depressurization subsystem II with second safety valve 23, solenoid valve 24 and pressure switch 25
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the safety pressure reduction subsystem ii includes a check valve 21, a second safety valve 23, a solenoid valve 24, a pressure switch 25 and a pressure reduction line. Wherein, the pressure reducing pipeline comprises a water inlet and outlet pipe of the check valve 21, a water inlet and outlet pipe of the first safety valve 22 and a water inlet and outlet pipe of the electromagnetic valve 24. The safe voltage reduction subsystem II in the figures 2 and 3 has the same structure.
In the safe pressure reduction subsystem II of the structure, on the basis of a safe pressure reduction subsystem II with a first safety valve 22 and a second safety valve 23 of 2.1, the first safety valve 22 is removed and optimized into an electromagnetic valve 24 and a pressure switch 25. Only the parts different from "2.1 safety depressurization subsystem ii with first relief valve 22 and second relief valve 23" will be described below:
the inlet pipe of the check valve 21 is communicated with the water inlet end circulation pipeline of the pipeline circulation pump 41 in the closed hot water circulation pipeline, and the pressure switch 25 is arranged on the inlet pipe of the check valve 21. The water outlet pipe of the check valve 21 is respectively communicated with the water inlet end of the second safety valve 23 and the water inlet end of the electromagnetic valve 24 through the water inlet pipe of the second safety valve 23 and the water inlet pipe of the electromagnetic valve 24. The water outlet end of the second safety valve 23 is communicated with the water outlet pipe of the second safety valve 23, and the water outlet end of the electromagnetic valve 24 is communicated with the water outlet pipe of the electromagnetic valve 24.
The check valve 21 is identical to the first relief valve 22 and the "2.1 safety depressurization subsystem ii with first relief valve 22 and second relief valve 23", and will not be described herein.
When the voltage regulating system of the present invention not only includes the safety voltage reducing subsystem ii of the structure, but also includes the voltage regulating subsystem i (this connection mode is not shown in the figure):
when the pressure switch 25 is a normally open pressure switch, the pressure sensed by the pressure switch 25 is the pipeline pressure of the pipeline in which the pressure switch is located, i.e. the value of the pressure is equal to P 3 Equal; the closing pressure of the pressure switch 25 is set as the upper limit P of the safe pressure range of the closed hot water circulation pipeline 2 (ii) a Its cutoff pressure is noted as P 10 ，P 10 Is set to be smaller than the recoil pressure P of the second relief valve 23 9 And at the safe regulated upper limit P of the surge tank 11 5 Above, i.e. P 5 ≤P 10 ＜P 9 (ii) a The gate of the electromagnetic valve 24 is controlled to be opened and closed quickly by the on-off of the pressure switch 25.
When the pressure of the closed hot water circulation pipeline in which the pressure switch 25 is positioned exceeds the safety pressure range, namely P 3 ≥P 2 When the pressure switch 25 is normally opened, the normally open contact is closed, the electromagnetic valve 24 circuit is switched on, the electromagnetic valve 24 gate is quickly opened, a large amount of hot water is discharged from the electromagnetic valve 24 water outlet pipe, and the pressure P in the closed hot water circulation pipeline is enabled to be in 3 Descending; up to P 3 ≤P 10 While the pressure switch 25 is closedThe contact is disconnected, the circuit of the electromagnetic valve 24 is cut off, the gate of the electromagnetic valve 24 is immediately closed, the electromagnetic valve 24 does not discharge hot water through the water outlet pipe of the electromagnetic valve 24 any more and reduces the pressure, and at the moment, the pressure P in the closed hot water circulation pipeline is increased 3 In the range of P 3 ＜P 10 Namely, the closed hot water circulation pipeline returns to the safe pressure range again. If the pressure is returned to the P within the safe pressure range 3 ≥P 5 If the first electric valve 12 is in a closed state, the pressure regulating subsystem I does not regulate the pressure in the closed hot water circulating pipeline; if returning to P within the safe pressure range 3 ＜P 5 Then the first electric valve 12 is opened and the closed hot water circulation pipeline returns to the range of pressure regulation only by the pressure regulating subsystem i.
When the pressure switch 25 is closed, the electromagnetic valve 24 is controlled to be electrified and opened to carry out large-flow pressure reduction, and the second safety valve 23 is also opened to reduce the pressure; when the second safety valve 23 and the electromagnetic valve 24 are opened and reduced in pressure at the same time, overpressure protection is performed, and the pressure in the closed hot water circulation pipeline can be reduced to a safe pressure range in a short time; when P is 3 ＜P 8 At this time, the valve flap of the second safety valve 23 starts to close; at the moment when the flap of the second safety valve 23 comes back into contact with the valve seat, the overpressure protection action is completely over, at which point P 10 ＜P 3 ≤P 9 The closed hot water circulation pipeline returns to the range of opening, draining and reducing pressure of the electromagnetic valve 24 only controlled by the pressure switch 25.
As shown in fig. 2, when the voltage regulation system of the present invention only includes the safe voltage reduction subsystem ii with the structure, and does not include the voltage regulation subsystem i:
when the pressure switch 25 is a normally open pressure switch, the pressure sensed by the pressure switch 25 is the pressure in the pipeline where the pressure switch is located, i.e. the pressure is numerically equal to P 3 Equal; the closing pressure of the pressure switch 25 is set as the upper limit P of the safe pressure range of the closed hot water circulation pipeline 2 (ii) a Its cutoff pressure is noted as P 10 ，P 10 Set to be less than the recoil pressure P of the second relief valve 23 9 And in the safe pressure range, i.e. P 2 ≤P 10 ＜P 9 (ii) a Controlled by on-off of pressure switch 25The gate of the electromagnetic valve 24 is opened and closed quickly.
When the pressure of the closed hot water circulation pipeline in which the pressure switch 25 is positioned exceeds the safe pressure range, namely P 3 ≥P 2 When the pressure switch 25 is normally opened, the normally open contact is closed, the electromagnetic valve 24 circuit is switched on, the electromagnetic valve 24 gate is quickly opened, a large amount of hot water is discharged from the electromagnetic valve 24 water outlet pipe, and the pressure P in the closed hot water circulation pipeline is enabled to be in 3 Descending; up to P 3 ≤P 10 When the pressure switch 25 is closed, the contact is opened, the circuit of the electromagnetic valve 24 is cut off, the gate of the electromagnetic valve 24 is immediately closed, the electromagnetic valve 24 does not discharge hot water through the water outlet pipe of the electromagnetic valve 24 any more and reduces the pressure, and at the moment, the pressure P in the closed hot water circulation pipeline is increased 3 In the range of P 3 ＜P 10 I.e. the closed hot water circuit is returned to the safety pressure range.
When the pressure switch 25 is closed, the electromagnetic valve 24 is controlled to be electrified and opened to carry out large-flow pressure reduction, and the second safety valve 23 is also opened to reduce the pressure; when the second safety valve 23 and the electromagnetic valve 24 are opened and reduced in pressure at the same time, the overpressure protection action is taken, and the pressure in the closed hot water circulation pipeline can be reduced to a safe pressure range in a short time; when P is 3 ＜P 8 At this time, the valve flap of the second safety valve 23 starts to close; at the moment when the flap of the second safety valve 23 comes back into contact with the valve seat, the overpressure protection action is completely over, at which point P 10 ＜P 3 ≤P 9 The closed hot water circulation pipeline returns to the range of opening, draining and reducing pressure of the electromagnetic valve 24 only controlled by the pressure switch 25.
Due to the arrangement of the two sets of pressure reduction valves in the safety pressure reduction subsystem II, when the two sets of pressure reduction valves have no fault, only the electromagnetic valve 24 is correspondingly opened or the second safety valve 23 and the electromagnetic valve 24 are simultaneously opened according to the difference of the pressure in the closed hot water circulation pipeline, so that the pressure reduction or overpressure protection in a safety pressure range can be realized in a short time; when any one of the two safety valves breaks down, the closed hot water circulation pipeline can still perform the opening and pressure reduction actions, the pressure in the closed hot water circulation pipeline is reduced to the safe pressure range, the safety accidents of local deformation, breakage and the like of the closed pipeline caused by pressure fluctuation are reduced to the maximum extent, the safe production is ensured, and the economic loss is reduced. The two sets of pressure reduction valves not only improve the safety factor of the safe pressure reduction subsystem II, but also ensure the pressure reduction efficiency. Compared with the '2.1 safety pressure reduction subsystem II with the first safety valve 22 and the second safety valve 23', the cooperation of the pressure switch 25 and the fast-opening and fast-closing electromagnetic valve 24 enables the pressure reduction reaction within the safety pressure range to be more sensitive, the action speed to be faster and the range control to be more accurate.
2.3 safety depressurization subsystem II with second safety valve 23, second electric valve 26 and pressure sensor 27
As shown in fig. 4 and 5, the safety pressure reducing subsystem ii includes a check valve 21, a second safety valve 23, a second electric valve 26, a pressure sensor 27 and a pressure reducing line. Wherein, the pressure reducing pipeline comprises a water inlet and outlet pipe of the check valve 21, a water inlet and outlet pipe of the second safety valve 23 and a water inlet and outlet pipe of the second electric valve 26. The safe voltage reduction subsystem II in the figures 4 and 5 has the same structure.
In the safety pressure reducing subsystem ii of the present structure, on the basis of "2.2 safety pressure reducing subsystem ii with second safety valve 23, solenoid valve 24 and pressure switch 25", the solenoid valve 24 and the pressure switch 25 are optimized to be a second electric valve 26 and a pressure sensor 27. Only the parts different from "2.2 safety depressurization subsystem ii with second safety valve 23, solenoid valve 24 and pressure switch 25" will be described below:
the inlet pipe of the check valve 21 is communicated with the water inlet end circulation pipeline of the pipeline circulation pump 41 in the closed hot water circulation pipeline, and the pressure sensor 27 is arranged on the inlet pipe of the check valve 21.
The water outlet pipe of the check valve 21 is respectively communicated with the water inlet end of the second safety valve 23 and the water inlet end of the second electric valve 26 through the water inlet pipe of the second safety valve 23 and the water inlet pipe of the second electric valve 26. The water outlet end of the second safety valve 23 is communicated with the water outlet pipe of the second safety valve 23, and the water outlet end of the second electric valve 26 is communicated with the water outlet pipe of the second electric valve 26.
The check valve 21 is identical to the first relief valve 22 and the "2.2 safety depressurization subsystem ii with second relief valve 23, solenoid valve 24 and pressure switch 25" and will not be described in detail here.
The pressure measured by the pressure sensor 27 is the line pressure of the line in which it is located, i.e. the value of P and the value of P 3 Equal; the pressure sensor 27 and the second electrically operated valve 26 perform closed loop control. When the pressure sensor 27 detects that the pressure in the closed hot water circulation pipeline exceeds the safe pressure range, namely P 3 ≥P 2 When the pressure in the closed hot water circulation pipeline is reduced, the second electric valve 26 starts to open the valve to discharge hot water, the second electric valve 26 controls the opening of the second electric valve 26 according to the pressure in the pipeline exceeding a normal value, and the pressure in the closed hot water circulation pipeline is gradually adjusted until the pressure is reduced to a safe pressure range, namely only P is P in the pressure reduction process in the safe pressure range 3 ＜P 2 The gate of the second electro valve 26 is completely closed.
When the voltage regulating system of the present invention not only comprises the safe voltage reducing subsystem II with the structure as shown in FIG. 4, but also comprises the voltage regulating subsystem I: if returning to P within the safe pressure range 3 ≥P 5 If the first electric valve 12 is in a closed state, the pressure regulating subsystem I does not regulate the pressure in the closed hot water circulating pipeline; if the pressure is returned to the P within the safe pressure range 3 ＜P 5 Then the first electric valve 12 is opened and the closed hot water circulation pipeline returns to the range of pressure regulation only by the pressure regulating subsystem i.
When abnormal overpressure occurs, the pressure sensor 27 controls the second electric valve 26 to open and reduce pressure, the second safety valve 23 also opens and reduces pressure, when the second safety valve 23 and the second electric valve 26 open and reduce pressure simultaneously, overpressure protection action is performed, and the pressure in the closed hot water circulation pipeline can be reduced to a safe pressure range in a short time; when P is in the process of overpressure protection 3 ＜P 8 At this time, the valve flap of the second safety valve 23 starts to close; when the flap of the second safety valve 23 comes back into contact with the valve seat, the shutter of the second electrovalve 26 is completely closed and the overpressure protection action is completely over, at which point P 1 ＜P 3 ≤P 9
Compared with the '2.2 safe pressure reduction subsystem II with the second safety valve 23, the electromagnetic valve 24 and the pressure switch 25', the closed-loop control of the pressure sensor 27 and the second electric valve 26 avoids sudden pressure changes when the electromagnetic valve 24 is opened and closed quickly, the water hammer effect caused by the sudden pressure changes is weakened, the adverse effect on the service life of the pipeline is reduced, the safety of the safe pressure reduction subsystem II in the pressure reduction process is further improved, and the pressure reduction reaction of the closed hot water circulation pipeline in a safe pressure range is more sensitive, the action is more timely, and the precision is higher.
3. Exhaust subsystem III
When the safe pressure reduction subsystem II is opened, drained water is used for pressure reduction, the discharge subsystem III is used for treating and discharging the discharged liquid.
3.1 Drain subsystem III containing Drain 31 only
As shown in fig. 1-4, the drainage subsystem iii comprises only a drain 31 in communication with a network of underground drains (not shown).
The safety pressure reduction subsystem II is opened to reduce the pressure of hot water discharged by the hot water, and the discharged hot water is converged into the drainage ditch 31 from the water outlet pipe of the safety pressure reduction subsystem II and then is discharged to an underground drainage pipe network through the drainage ditch 31.
3.2 drainage subsystem III comprising drainage 31, heat exchanger 32 and Cooling Tower 33
As shown in fig. 5, the discharge subsystem iii comprises a heat exchanger 32, a drain 31, a cooling tower 33 and a cooling tower water pump 34.
The water outlet pipe of the pressure reducing valve or the safety valve of the safety pressure reducing subsystem II is communicated with a water inlet pipe penetrating through the primary side of the heat exchanger 32, the water outlet pipe of the primary side of the heat exchanger 32 is communicated with a drainage ditch 31, and the drainage ditch 31 is communicated with an underground drainage pipe network (not shown); the water inlet end of the cooling tower water pump 34 is communicated with the water outlet pipe of the cooling tower 33, the water outlet end of the cooling tower water pump 34 is communicated with the water inlet pipe on the secondary side of the heat exchanger 32, and the water outlet pipe on the secondary side of the heat exchanger 32 is communicated with the water inlet pipe of the cooling tower 33.
The second safety pressure reduction subsystem is switched on to reduce the pressure of hot water discharged by the hot water, the discharged hot water flows out from a water outlet pipe of the second safety pressure reduction subsystem and flows into a water inlet pipe on the primary side of the heat exchanger 32, the hot water is cooled after heat exchange is carried out with the secondary side of the heat exchanger 32 when flowing through the primary side of the heat exchanger 32, flows out from a water outlet pipe on the primary side of the heat exchanger 32, is converged into the drainage ditch 31, and is discharged to an underground drainage pipe network through the drainage ditch 31. The cooling tower water pump 34 provides water circulation power between the secondary side of the heat exchanger 32 and the cooling tower 33, and heat transferred to the secondary side of the heat exchanger 32 is carried into the cooling tower 33 by cooling water circularly flowing through the secondary side of the heat exchanger 32, and is radiated to air through evaporation.
A part of heat carried by hot water discharged by opening the safety pressure reduction subsystem II is firstly transferred into a cooling tower 33 through a heat exchanger 32 and discharged into the air; the other part is discharged to the underground drainage pipe network along with the hot water. When the temperature of the discharged hot water is too high, the allowable temperature of the underground drainage pipe network is very high, partial heat is discharged into the air firstly, so that the discharged hot wastewater reaches the specified discharge temperature, enters the drainage ditch 31 and is discharged into the underground drainage pipe network; two heat emission modes are combined, so that the pressure of an underground drainage pipe network is reduced while the heat dissipation effect is ensured.
The selection and connection of different structural subsystems within the voltage regulation system of the present invention will make the embodiments slightly different, because the above has described in detail the different structures within each subsystem and the connection between some subsystems, and only the connections and embodiments between subsystems not described above are described below:
as shown in fig. 8, the pressure regulating system of the present invention, applied to a closed hot water circulation pipeline, may only include a safe pressure reducing subsystem ii and a discharge subsystem iii. Correspondingly as shown in fig. 1 or fig. 2, the whole closed hot water circulation pipeline further includes a circulation pipeline and a pipeline circulation pump 41 arranged on the circulation pipeline; the pipeline circulating pump 41 is a variable frequency water pump and is used for providing water circulating power. The discharge subsystem III communicates at the outlet pipe department that II discharge hot water of safe step-down subsystem, and II intercommunications of safe step-down subsystem are in the intake end of pipeline circulating pump 41, and is specific, and II pause valve 21 inlet tubes of safe step-down subsystem are linked together with the intake end circulating line of pipeline circulating pump 41 in the closed hot water circulating line. When the water temperature rises and the pressure in the closed hot water circulation pipeline is increased to exceed the safe pressure range, the safe pressure reduction subsystem II is started to discharge hot water to the discharge subsystem III for pressure reduction, and after the pressure in the closed hot water circulation pipeline is reduced to the safe pressure range, the safe pressure reduction subsystem II is closed. The pressure regulating system controls the pressure in the closed hot water circulating pipeline within a safe pressure range all the time through the safe pressure reduction subsystem II.
As shown in fig. 7, the pressure regulating system of the present invention is applied to a closed hot water circulation pipeline, and includes a pressure regulating subsystem i, a safe pressure reducing subsystem ii, and a discharge subsystem iii. As shown in any one of fig. 3 to 5, the whole closed hot water circulation pipeline further includes a circulation pipeline and a pipeline circulation pump 41 disposed on the circulation pipeline; the pipeline circulating pump 41 is a variable frequency water pump and is used for providing water circulating power. The discharge subsystem III is communicated with a water outlet pipe for discharging hot water of the safe pressure reduction subsystem II, the safe pressure reduction subsystem II is communicated with a water inlet end of the pipeline circulating pump 41, and the pressure regulation subsystem I is communicated with a circulating pipeline between the safe pressure reduction subsystem II and the water inlet end of the pipeline circulating pump 41; specifically, the water inlet pipe of the check valve 21 of the safety pressure reduction subsystem II is communicated with the water inlet end circulation pipeline of the pipeline circulation pump 41 in the closed hot water circulation pipeline, and the pressure stabilizing water pipe of the pressure regulation subsystem I is communicated with the circulation pipeline between the water inlet pipe of the check valve 21 and the water inlet end of the pipeline circulation pump 41. When the water temperature rises or falls to cause pressure fluctuation in the closed hot water circulation pipeline and is within the adjusting range of the pressure adjusting subsystem I, the pressure adjusting subsystem I can adjust the pressure in the closed hot water circulation pipeline; when the pressure in the closed hot water circulation pipeline after the pressure regulating subsystem I is regulated still exceeds the regulation upper limit of the pressure regulating subsystem I, the normally open first electric valve 12 in the pressure regulating subsystem I is closed, the pressure regulating subsystem I enters a protection state, and when the pressure in the closed hot water circulation pipeline enters the regulation range of the pressure regulating subsystem I again, the first electric valve 12 in the pressure regulating subsystem I is opened again, and the protection state of the pressure regulating subsystem I is released; when the pressure of the closed hot water circulation pipeline after the pressure regulating subsystem I enters the protection state still reaches or exceeds the opening pressure of the pressure reduction action in the safety pressure range of the safety pressure reduction subsystem II, but does not exceed the opening pressure of the overpressure protection action, the first safety valve 22 is opened to discharge hot water or the normally open contact of the pressure switch 25 is closed, the control electromagnetic valve 24 is electrified to be opened to discharge hot water or the pressure sensor 27 controls the second electric valve 26 to be opened to discharge hot water, the closed hot water circulation pipeline is subjected to pressure reduction until the pressure of the closed hot water circulation pipeline is lower than the opening pressure of the first safety valve 22 or lower than the breaking pressure of the pressure switch 25 or lower than the upper limit of the safety pressure, the corresponding first safety valve 22 starts to close the gate or the pressure switch 25 is opened, and the electromagnetic valve 24 quickly closes the gate or the pressure sensor 27 controls the second electric valve 26 to be completely closed. When the pressure of the closed hot water circulation pipeline suddenly increases to or exceeds the opening pressure of the overpressure protection action, the safety pressure reduction subsystem II opens the overpressure protection action, namely all safety valves, electromagnetic valves or electric valves used for opening the valves to discharge hot water in the safety pressure reduction subsystem II are opened to discharge the hot water until the pressure of the closed hot water circulation pipeline is reduced to a safety pressure range, and the safety pressure reduction subsystem II stops the overpressure protection action.
The pressure regulating system can control the pressure in the closed hot water circulating pipeline within a safe pressure range. The safe pressure reduction subsystem II can only form the pressure regulating system together with the emission subsystem III; or the safe voltage reduction subsystem II can be matched with the voltage regulation subsystem I and the discharge subsystem III to form the voltage regulation system, namely, the subsystems in the voltage regulation system are flexibly matched. The safety pressure reduction subsystem II is used for reducing the pressure of the closed hot water circulation pipeline and comprises two pipelines, wherein firstly, the pressure of the closed hot water circulation pipeline is reduced through pressure reduction action in a safety pressure range when the pressure of the closed hot water circulation pipeline approaches or reaches the upper limit of the safety pressure range in the rising process, namely, only one pipeline is opened for opening and reducing the pressure; and secondly, when the pressure of the closed hot water circulating pipeline reaches the opening pressure of the overpressure protection action, the safety pressure reduction subsystem II performs overpressure protection, namely two pipelines are opened simultaneously to open a brake and reduce the pressure, and the pressure in the closed hot water circulating pipeline can be quickly reduced to a safety pressure range by increasing the hot water discharge amount. The pressure regulating subsystem I can effectively stabilize pressure fluctuation caused by temperature change in the closed hot water circulation pipeline through the pressure stabilizing tank 11 in the pressure regulating range, the pressure mode in the pipeline is flexible, and the closed hot water circulation pipeline is subjected to real-time pressure reduction or pressurization in the regulating range to stabilize the pressure. The pressure regulating subsystem I is matched with the safe pressure reduction subsystem II, so that the pressure of the pressure stabilizing tank 11 is reduced, when the pressure regulating system selects the type of the pressure stabilizing tank 11, the pressure stabilizing tank 11 of non-special equipment with smaller parameters is selected, the purpose of preliminary pressure regulation of the closed hot water circulating pipeline by the pressure regulating subsystem I can be met, registration, use procedures and the like do not need to be carried out according to the requirements of the special equipment, and the time investment and the operation management cost in the early period of the system are reduced; the existence of the pressure regulating subsystem I also reduces the action frequency of a valve switch in the safe pressure reducing subsystem II, and prolongs the service life of the valve in the safe pressure reducing subsystem II. And the air heat dissipation and the discharge of the hot wastewater in the discharge subsystem III are combined, so that the discharged hot wastewater is lower than the allowable temperature of the underground drainage pipe network, the pressure of the underground drainage pipe network is reduced, the hydrothermal pollution is reduced, and the system is more environment-friendly. The pressure regulating system stably fluctuates the pressure regulation of the closed hot water circulation pipeline within a safe pressure range, so that the risks of safety accidents such as pipeline pressure change caused by hot water temperature change, local deformation and breakage of the closed pipeline and the like are reduced, the service life of the closed hot water circulation pipeline is prolonged, the production cost is reduced, and the safety of the production process is improved.
Example 2
A voltage regulation method based on this voltage regulation system of the present invention is described based on embodiment 1, corresponding to fig. 1 to 5.
As shown in fig. 5, the voltage regulating method based on the fifth voltage regulating system specifically includes the following steps:
s1, the closed hot water circulating pipeline is provided with circulating power by a pipeline circulating pump 41, and the safe pressure range of the pressure in the pipeline is marked as (P) 1 ，P 2 ) In which P is 1 ＜P 2 And the pressure in the closed hot water circulation pipeline is recorded as P 3 The voltage regulation range of the voltage regulation subsystem I is marked as (P) 1 ，P 5 ) In which P is 1 ＜P 5 ＜P 2 When the water temperature in the closed hot water circulation pipeline changes to cause pressure fluctuation, P still exists 1 ＜P 3 ＜P 5 During the time, the pressure in the closed hot water circulation pipeline is adjusted by the pressure regulating subsystem I:
s111, adjustingThe pressure subsystem I comprises a first electric valve 12, a pressure stabilizing tank 11 and a pressure stabilizing pipeline, wherein the first electric valve 12 is in an open state, and the initial pressure and P of the pre-filled gas in the pressure stabilizing tank 11 1 Equally, the upper limit of the safe surge range of the surge tank 11 is set to P 5 A pressure sensor is arranged in the air bag of the surge tank 11, and the real-time pressure of the pre-charging gas is measured to be P 4 ；
S112, when the water temperature changes and the water volume expands to cause the pressure in the closed hot water circulation pipeline to increase, namely P 1 ＜P 4 ＜P 3 ＜P 2 During the process, hot water with redundant volume flows to the pressure stabilizing water pipe from the closed hot water circulation pipeline and enters the pressure stabilizing tank 11, the volume of gas pre-filled in the pressure stabilizing tank 11 is compressed, the gas is increased by the compression pressure, until the gas pressure pre-filled in the pressure stabilizing tank 11 is equal to the pressure in the closed hot water circulation pipeline, the hot water in the closed hot water circulation pipeline does not flow into the pressure stabilizing tank 11, the dynamic balance is achieved, and during the dynamic balance, P is the pressure in the closed hot water circulation pipeline 4 ＝P 3 ；
S113, when the pressure of the closed hot water circulation pipeline is less than the pressure of the gas pre-filled in the pressure stabilizing tank 11, namely P 1 ＜P 3 ＜P 4 ＜P 2 During the time, the hot water that originally got into in the surge tank 11 can be extruded and supply to closed hot water circulation pipeline in, makes closed hot water circulation pipeline internal pressure rise, and until closed hot water circulation pipeline internal pressure equals with the interior gas pressure of surge tank 11, the hot water in the surge tank 11 no longer supplies closed hot water circulation pipeline, reaches dynamic equilibrium once more.
S2, pressure P in the closed hot water circulation pipeline after being regulated by the pressure regulating subsystem I 3 ≥P 5 Then, the pressure regulating subsystem I closes the normally open 12 valves of first motorised valve, gets into the protection state, no longer adjusts the pressure in the closed hot water circulation pipeline:
s211, when the pressure of the gas in the surge tank 11 reaches the upper limit of safe surge, namely P 4 ＝P 5 And pressure P in closed hot water circulation pipeline 3 ＞P 5 When the first electric valve 12 is closed immediately, the pressure stabilizing tank 11 does not stabilize the pressure of the closed hot water circulation pipeline any more.
S3, if the pressure of the closed hot water circulation pipeline reaches or exceeds the opening pressure of the safe pressure reduction subsystem II, the check valve 21 is conducted in a one-way mode, hot water flows into the safe pressure reduction subsystem II from the closed hot water circulation pipeline, the safe pressure reduction subsystem II is opened to discharge hot water for pressure reduction until the pressure P in the closed hot water circulation pipeline is reduced 3 When the pressure is lower than the starting pressure of the safe pressure reduction subsystem II, the safe pressure reduction subsystem II starts to stop reducing pressure:
s311, the opening pressure of the second safety valve 23 is set to be P 8 And the opening pressure of the second relief valve 23 is set to 1.05 times the upper limit of the relief pressure range of the closed hot water circulation line, i.e., P 8 ＝1.05P 2 The recoil pressure of the second relief valve 23 is set to P 9 A 1 is to P 9 Is set to be P 1 ＜P 9 ≤0.9P 8 ＜P 2 ＜P 8 ；
S312, when the pressure P of the closed hot water circulation pipeline is high 3 In the range of P 2 ≤P 3 ＜P 8 When the pressure sensor 27 arranged at the water inlet pipe of the check valve 21 only needs to detect P, the safe pressure reduction subsystem II carries out pressure reduction in a safe pressure range 3 ≥P 2 When the pressure in the pipeline exceeds the normal value, the opening degree of the second electric valve 26 is controlled to discharge hot water and reduce the pressure, the pressure sensor 27 and the second electric valve 26 carry out closed-loop control, and the pressure of the closed hot water circulation pipeline is gradually adjusted until the pressure is restored to the safe pressure range, namely when the pressure sensor 27 detects P 3 ＜P 2 When the pressure is higher than the safety pressure, the gate of the second electric valve 26 is completely closed, and the pressure reduction action within the safety pressure range is completely finished;
s313, when the pressure reduction action within the safe pressure range is completely finished, if the pressure P of the closed hot water circulation pipeline is high 3 ≥P 5 If the first electric valve 12 is in a closed state, the pressure regulating subsystem I does not regulate the pressure in the closed hot water circulating pipeline; if the pressure P of the closed hot water circulation pipeline 3 ＜P 5 If so, the first electric valve 12 is opened, and the closed hot water circulation pipeline returns to the range of pressure regulation only by the pressure regulating subsystem I;
S314，when the pressure P of the closed hot water circulation pipeline 3 In the range of P 3 ≥P 8 When the pressure sensor 27 controls the second electric valve 26 to open the gate to discharge hot water for pressure reduction, the valve clack of the second safety valve 23 is also automatically opened, and the hot water is discharged from the water outlet pipe of the second safety valve 23 for pressure reduction; up to P 3 ＜P 8 At this time, the valve flap of the second safety valve 23 starts to close; when the flap of the second safety valve 23 comes back into contact with the valve seat, the shutter of the second electric valve 26 is completely closed and the overpressure protection action is completely over, at which point P 1 ＜P 3 ≤P 9 。
S4, when the safe pressure reduction subsystem II reduces the pressure of the closed hot water circulation pipeline, the opening of the brake discharges hot water to the discharge subsystem III, and then the discharge subsystem III discharges hot waste water to an underground drainage pipe network:
s411, water outlet pipes of the safe pressure reduction subsystem II are communicated with a water inlet pipe penetrating through a primary side of a heat exchanger 32, a water outlet pipe of the primary side of the heat exchanger 32 is communicated with a drainage ditch 31, the drainage ditch 31 is communicated with an underground drainage pipe network (not shown), hot water discharged by the safe pressure reduction subsystem II flows through the primary side of the heat exchanger 32, then is subjected to heat exchange with a secondary side of the heat exchanger 32 and then is cooled, the water temperature is lower than the allowable temperature of the underground drainage pipe network, then enters the drainage ditch 31 and is discharged into the underground drainage pipe network;
s412, the heat exchanger 32 transfers the heat of the primary side to the secondary side, the cooling tower water pump 34 provides water circulation power between the secondary side of the heat exchanger 32 and the cooling tower 33, the heat of the secondary side of the heat exchanger 32 is brought into the cooling tower 33 by cooling water circularly flowing through the secondary side of the heat exchanger 32, and the cooling tower 33 dissipates heat into air through evaporation to reduce the temperature.
As shown in fig. 4, the specific steps of the voltage regulating method based on the fourth voltage regulating system are different from those of the voltage regulating method shown in fig. 5 in the substeps included in S4, and other similar steps are not repeated:
and S421, opening the safety pressure reduction subsystem II to reduce the pressure of the hot water discharged by the hot water, collecting the discharged hot water into the drainage ditch 31 from the water outlet pipe of the safety pressure reduction subsystem II, and discharging the hot water to an underground drainage pipe network through the drainage ditch 31.
As shown in fig. 3, the specific steps of the voltage regulating method based on the third voltage regulating system are different from those of the voltage regulating method shown in fig. 4 in the substeps included in S3, and other similar steps are not repeated:
s321, the opening pressure of the second safety valve 23 is set to be P 8 And the opening pressure of the second relief valve 23 is set to 1.05 times the upper limit of the relief pressure range of the closed hot water circulation line, i.e., P 8 ＝1.05P 2 The recoil pressure of the second relief valve 23 is set to P 9 A 1 is to P 9 Is set to be P 1 ＜P 9 ≤0.9P 8 ＜P 2 ＜P 8 The closing pressure of the normally open pressure switch 25 provided at the inlet pipe of the check valve 21 is set to the upper limit P of the safe pressure range of the closed hot water circulation line 2 With a cutoff pressure set to P 10 ，P 10 Is set to be smaller than the recoil pressure P of the second relief valve 23 9 And within the safety pressure range of the closed hot water circulation pipeline, i.e. P 1 ＜P 10 ＜P 9 ；
S322, when the pressure P of the closed hot water circulation pipeline 3 In the range of P 2 ≤P 3 ＜P 8 When the pressure of the water inlet pipe of the check valve 21 is higher than the normal pressure, the safety pressure reduction subsystem II carries out pressure reduction within a safety pressure range, namely, a normally open pressure switch 25 arranged at the water inlet pipe of the check valve 21 measures P 3 ≥P 2 When the pressure switch 25 is normally opened, the solenoid valve 24 is connected to the circuit, the gate of the solenoid valve 24 is opened rapidly, and hot water is discharged from the water outlet pipe of the solenoid valve 24 to make the pressure P in the closed hot water circulating pipeline 3 Descending; up to P 3 ≤P 10 When the pressure switch 25 is closed, the contact is opened, the circuit of the electromagnetic valve 24 is cut off, the gate of the electromagnetic valve 24 is immediately closed, and the pressure reduction action within the safe pressure range is finished;
s323, when the pressure reduction action in the safe pressure range is completely finished, if the pressure P of the closed hot water circulation pipeline is up 3 ≥P 5 If the first electric valve 12 is in a closed state, the pressure regulating subsystem I does not regulate the pressure in the closed hot water circulating pipeline; if the pressure P of the closed hot water circulation pipeline 3 ＜P 5 If so, the first electric valve 12 is opened, and the closed hot water circulation pipeline returns to the range of pressure regulation only by the pressure regulating subsystem I;
s324, when the pressure P of the closed hot water circulation pipeline is high 3 In the range of P 3 ≥P 8 When the pressure switch 25 controls the electromagnetic valve 24 to open, the valve clack of the second safety valve 23 is automatically opened, and hot water is discharged from the water outlet pipe of the second safety valve 23 to reduce the pressure; up to P 3 ＜P 8 At this time, the valve flap of the second safety valve 23 starts to close; at the moment when the flap of the second safety valve 23 comes back into contact with the valve seat, the overpressure protection action is completely over, at which point P 10 ＜P 3 ≤P 9 And the safe pressure reduction subsystem II returns to the action range of reducing the pressure within the safe pressure range by controlling the electromagnetic valve 24 only through the pressure switch 25.
As shown in fig. 2, the specific steps of the voltage regulating method based on the second voltage regulating system are compared with the voltage regulating method shown in fig. 3, and S2 and its sub-steps are omitted, and the sub-steps included in S1 and S3 are also different from the sub-steps of the voltage regulating method based on the second voltage regulating system shown in fig. 2, and only different S1 and S3 and their sub-steps are described below, and other similar steps are not described again:
s1, the closed hot water circulating pipeline is provided with circulating power by a pipeline circulating pump 41, and the safe pressure range of pressure in the pipeline is recorded as (P) 1 ，P 2 ) In which P is 1 ＜P 2 And the pressure in the closed hot water circulation pipeline is marked as P 3 ；
The substeps involved in S3 are as follows:
s331, the opening pressure of the second relief valve 23 is set to P 8 And the opening pressure of the second relief valve 23 is set to 1.05 times the upper limit of the safety pressure range of the closed hot water circulation line, i.e., P 8 ＝1.05P 2 The recoil pressure of the second relief valve 23 is set to P 9 A 1 is to P 9 Is set to be P 1 ＜P 9 ≤0.9P 8 ＜P 2 ＜P 8 Closing a normally open pressure switch 25 provided at the inlet pipe of the check valve 21The combined pressure is set as the upper limit P of the safe pressure range of the closed hot water circulation pipeline 2 With a cutoff pressure set to P 10 ，P 10 Is set to be smaller than the recoil pressure P of the second relief valve 23 9 And within the safety pressure range of the closed hot water circulation pipeline, i.e. P 1 ＜P 10 ＜P 9 ；
S332, when the pressure P of the closed hot water circulation pipeline is higher 3 In the range of P 2 ≤P 3 ＜P 8 When the pressure of the water inlet pipe of the check valve 21 is higher than the normal pressure, the safety pressure reduction subsystem II carries out pressure reduction within a safety pressure range, namely, a normally open pressure switch 25 arranged at the water inlet pipe of the check valve 21 measures P 3 ≥P 2 When the pressure switch 25 is normally opened, the normally open contact is closed, the electromagnetic valve 24 circuit is switched on, the electromagnetic valve 24 gate is quickly opened, a large amount of hot water is discharged from the electromagnetic valve 24 water outlet pipe, and the pressure P in the closed hot water circulation pipeline is enabled to be in 3 Descending; up to P 3 ≤P 10 When the pressure switch 25 is closed, the contact is opened, the circuit of the electromagnetic valve 24 is cut off, the gate of the electromagnetic valve 24 is immediately closed, and the pressure reduction action within the safe pressure range is finished;
s333, when the pressure P of the closed hot water circulation pipeline 3 In the range of P 3 ≥P 8 When the pressure switch 25 controls the electromagnetic valve 24 to open, the valve clack of the second safety valve 23 is automatically opened, and hot water is discharged from the water outlet pipe of the second safety valve 23 to reduce the pressure; up to P 3 ＜P 8 At this time, the valve flap of the second safety valve 23 starts to close; at the moment when the flap of the second safety valve 23 comes back into contact with the valve seat, the overpressure protection action is completely over, at which point P 10 ＜P 3 ≤P 9 And the safe pressure reduction subsystem II returns to the action range of reducing the pressure within the safe pressure range by controlling the electromagnetic valve 24 only through the pressure switch 25.
As shown in fig. 1, the specific steps of the voltage regulating method based on the first voltage regulating system are different from those of the voltage regulating method shown in fig. 2 in the substeps included in S3, and other similar steps are not repeated:
s341, the opening pressure of the second relief valve 23 is set to P 8 And a second safety valve23 is set to 1.05 times the upper limit of the safe pressure range of the closed hot water circulation line, i.e., P 8 ＝1.05P 2 The recoil pressure of the second relief valve 23 is set to P 9 A 1 is to P 9 Is set to be P 1 ＜P 9 ≤0.9P 8 ＜P 2 ＜P 8 (ii) a The opening pressure of the first relief valve 22 is set to P 6 And P is 6 Near the upper limit of the safety pressure range and less than the recoil pressure P of the second relief valve 23 9 I.e. P 1 ＜P 6 ＜P 9 The reseat pressure of the first relief valve 22 is set to P 7 A 1 is to P 7 Is set to be P 1 ＜P 7 ≤0.9P 6 ；
S342, when the pressure P of the closed hot water circulation pipeline 3 In the range of P 2 ≤P 3 ＜P 8 When the pressure in the closed hot water circulation pipeline is higher than the pressure in the closed hot water circulation pipeline, the safety pressure reduction subsystem II performs pressure reduction action in a safety pressure range, namely the valve clack of the first safety valve 22 is automatically opened, hot water is discharged from the water outlet pipe of the first safety valve 22, and the pressure P in the closed hot water circulation pipeline is enabled to be higher than the pressure in the closed hot water circulation pipeline 3 No longer rising; up to P 3 ＜P 6 When the valve clack of the first safety valve 22 is closed, after the valve clack of the first safety valve 22 is contacted with the valve seat again, the safety pressure reduction subsystem II does not reduce the pressure through discharging hot water any more, the pressure reduction action within the safety pressure range is finished, and at the moment, the pressure P in the closed hot water circulation pipeline is increased 3 In the range of P 1 ＜P 3 ≤P 7 ＜P 2 ；
S343, when the pressure P of the closed hot water circulation pipeline 3 In the range of P 3 ≥P 8 When the safety pressure reduction subsystem II starts overpressure protection action, namely the first safety valve 22 is opened to discharge hot water for pressure reduction, and simultaneously the valve clack of the second safety valve 23 is also automatically opened to discharge the hot water from the water outlet pipe of the second safety valve 23 for pressure reduction; up to P 3 ＜P 8 At this time, the valve flap of the second safety valve 23 starts to close; at the moment when the flap of the second safety valve 23 comes back into contact with the valve seat, the overpressure protection action is completely over, at which point P 6 ＜P 3 ≤P 9 Or P 6 ≤P 3 ＜P 9 I.e. closed hot water circulation pipelineAnd the operation range in which the pressure is reduced within the safety pressure range by only the first relief valve 22 is returned.
Example 3
The ORC unit using the pressure regulating system of the present invention is described based on embodiment 1, where the pressure regulating system is described in detail in embodiment 1, and is not described herein again, and the ORC unit using the pressure regulating system is described with reference to fig. 6:
as shown in fig. 6, the left-side pressure regulating system portion of fig. 6 is only one implementation of the present invention described in example 1 and is not intended as a limitation on the ORC unit in which the pressure regulating system is employed. The ORC unit is composed of an evaporator 51, a turbine 54, a condenser 53, a working medium pump 52 and a working medium pipeline, wherein the working medium pipeline penetrates through the evaporator 51 and the condenser 53, the turbine 54 and the working medium pump 52 are communicated in the working medium pipeline, a working medium outlet pipe penetrating through the evaporator 51 is communicated with a working medium inlet pipe of the turbine 54, a working medium outlet pipe of the turbine 54 is communicated with the working medium inlet pipe penetrating through the condenser 53, the working medium outlet pipe penetrating through the evaporator 51 is communicated with a water inlet end of the working medium pump 52, and a water outlet end of the working medium pump 52 is communicated with the working medium inlet pipe penetrating through the evaporator 51. The organic working fluid in fig. 6 circulates clockwise to the working fluid pipeline of the whole ORC unit.
As shown in the left part of fig. 6, the pressure regulating system is disposed on a closed hot water circulation pipeline communicated with the evaporator 51, and water in the closed hot water circulation pipeline absorbs industrial waste heat and then circularly flows through the evaporator 51 to heat the organic working medium in the working medium pipeline penetrating through the evaporator 51; organic working medium in the working medium pipeline is heated into high-pressure steam after flowing through the evaporator 51, the high-pressure steam enters the turbine 54 to expand and work to form low-pressure steam, and meanwhile, a generator (not shown in the figure) connected with the turbine 54 is driven to rotate to generate power or convert other power; the low-pressure steam discharged from the turbine 54 enters the condenser 53, releases heat to cooling water in the condenser, and is condensed into liquid low-temperature low-pressure organic working medium fluid; the organic working medium fluid enters the working medium pipeline penetrating the evaporator 51 again after being pressurized by the working medium pump 52, and the circulation is continued. No matter in the temperature rise stage of the closed hot water circulation pipeline or the temperature reduction stage of ending heat supply, the pressure regulating system stabilizes the pressure in the closed hot water circulation pipeline supplying heat to the evaporator 51 within a safe pressure range and slowly fluctuates, so that the risks of safety accidents such as local deformation, breakage and the like of the closed pipeline caused by the pressure change of the pipeline are reduced, and the service life and the safety of the closed hot water circulation pipeline are prolonged; the possibility of shutdown or unstable power generation of the ORC unit caused by pressure fluctuation in the closed hot water circulation pipeline for supplying heat is reduced, the economic loss is reduced, and the performance of the ORC unit and the utilization rate of industrial waste heat are improved.
The techniques, shapes, and configurations not described in detail in the present invention are all known techniques. It should also be noted that, the above mentioned embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention, and the components or steps of the present invention may be decomposed and/or recombined, and these decomposition and/or recombination should be regarded as the equivalent of the present application, and should fall into the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a pressure regulating system, this system includes closed hot water circulation pipeline, sets up pipeline circulating pump (41) on the closed hot water circulation pipeline, its characterized in that: the pressure regulating system also comprises a safe pressure reducing subsystem (II) and a discharge subsystem (III), the safe pressure reducing subsystem (II) is communicated with a closed hot water circulating pipeline at the water inlet end of the pipeline circulating pump (41), the safe pressure reducing subsystem (II) realizes the stage pressure reduction of the discharged hot water through different opening and closing pressures of two sets of valves, and the stage pressure reduction is defined as two stages of pressure reduction and overpressure protection within a safe pressure range; and the safe pressure reduction subsystem (II) discharges hot water into the discharge subsystem (III) through a water outlet pipe.
2. The pressure regulating system of claim 1, wherein:
the safety pressure reduction subsystem (II) comprises a check valve (21) and a first safety valve (22) for reducing the pressure of the closed hot water circulation pipeline within a safety pressure range, a water inlet pipe of the check valve (21) is communicated with the closed hot water circulation pipeline at the water inlet end of the pipeline circulation pump (41), a water outlet pipe of the check valve (21) is communicated with a water inlet pipe of the first safety valve (22), and a water outlet pipe of the first safety valve (22) is communicated with the discharge subsystem (III); the safety pressure reduction subsystem (II) further comprises a second safety valve (23), a water inlet pipe of the second safety valve (23) is communicated with a water outlet pipe of the check valve (21), a water outlet pipe of the second safety valve (23) is communicated with the discharge subsystem (III), and when the pressure of the closed hot water circulation pipeline exceeds a safety pressure range, the second safety valve (23) and the first safety valve (22) are opened to discharge hot water for pressure reduction, so that overpressure protection is performed on the closed hot water circulation pipeline;
or the safe pressure reduction subsystem (II) comprises an electromagnetic valve (24) and a pressure switch (25), the pressure switch (25) is arranged on a water inlet pipe of the check valve (21), the water inlet pipe of the electromagnetic valve (24) is communicated with a water outlet pipe of the check valve (21), the water outlet pipe of the electromagnetic valve (24) is communicated with the discharge subsystem (III), and the electromagnetic valve (24) and the pressure switch (25) carry out pressure reduction on the closed hot water circulation pipeline within a safe pressure range; the safety pressure reduction subsystem (II) further comprises a second safety valve (23), a water inlet pipe of the second safety valve (23) is communicated with a water outlet pipe of the check valve (21), a water outlet pipe of the second safety valve (23) is communicated with the discharge subsystem (III), and when the pressure of the closed hot water circulation pipeline exceeds a safety pressure range, the second safety valve (23) and the electromagnetic valve (24) are opened to discharge hot water for pressure reduction, so that overpressure protection is performed on the closed hot water circulation pipeline;
or the safe depressurization subsystem (II) further comprises a second electric valve (26) and a pressure sensor (27), the pressure sensor (27) is arranged on the water inlet pipe of the check valve (21), the water inlet pipe of the second electric valve (26) is communicated with the water outlet pipe of the check valve (21), and the second electric valve (26) and the pressure sensor (27) depressurize the closed hot water circulation pipeline within a safe pressure range; the safety pressure reduction subsystem (II) further comprises a second safety valve (23), a water inlet pipe of the second safety valve (23) is communicated with a water outlet pipe of the check valve (21), a water outlet pipe of the second safety valve (23) is communicated with the discharge subsystem (III), and when the pressure of the closed hot water circulation pipeline exceeds a safety pressure range, the second safety valve (23) and the second electric valve (26) are opened to discharge hot water for pressure reduction, so that overpressure protection is performed on the closed hot water circulation pipeline.
3. The pressure regulating system of claim 2, wherein:
the discharge subsystem (III) comprises a drainage ditch (31), the safe pressure reduction subsystem (II) discharges hot water into the drainage ditch (31) through a drainage pipe, and the drainage ditch (31) discharges the hot water to an underground drainage pipe network communicated with the drainage ditch;
or the discharge subsystem (III) comprises a drainage ditch (31), a heat exchanger (32), a cooling tower (33) and a cooling tower water pump (34), wherein water outlet pipes of the safe pressure reduction subsystem (II) are communicated with water inlet pipes penetrating through the primary side of the heat exchanger (32), the primary side water outlet pipe of the heat exchanger (32) is communicated with the drainage ditch (31), the drainage ditch (31) is communicated with an underground drainage pipe network, a secondary side water inlet pipe of the heat exchanger (32) is communicated with a water outlet end of the cooling tower water pump (34), a water inlet end of the cooling tower water pump (34) is communicated with a water outlet pipe of the cooling tower (33), and a secondary side water outlet pipe of the heat exchanger (32) is communicated with a water inlet pipe of the cooling tower (33); the safe pressure reduction subsystem (II) discharges hot water through a drain pipe, the hot water flows through the primary side of the heat exchanger (32) and then exchanges heat with the secondary side of the heat exchanger (32), the hot water flows out of the primary side of the heat exchanger (32) to the drain ditch (31) after being cooled and is discharged into an underground drain pipe network, the cooling tower water pump (34) provides water circulation power between the secondary side of the heat exchanger (32) and the cooling tower (33), and the cooling tower (33) discharges the heat of the secondary side of the heat exchanger (32) into air.
4. The pressure regulating system of claim 3, wherein: the pressure regulating system is still right the pressure regulating subsystem (I) of preliminary pressure regulating is carried out to closed hot water pipeline, pressure regulating subsystem (I) includes surge tank (11), first motorised valve (12) and steady voltage water pipe, surge tank (11) below intercommunication has the steady voltage water pipe, the one end of steady voltage water pipe with the one end of first motorised valve (12) is linked together, keep away from in first motorised valve (12) the one end of surge tank (11) with the closed hot water circulation pipeline of pipeline circulating pump (41) intake end is linked together.
5. A voltage regulating method applied to the voltage regulating system of claim 2 or 3, characterized by comprising the steps of:
s1, a closed hot water circulating pipeline is powered by a pipeline circulating pump (41), and the safe pressure range of pressure in the pipeline is recorded as (P) 1 ，P 2 ) In which P is 1 ＜P 2 And the pressure in the closed hot water circulation pipeline is marked as P 3 ；
S3, if the pressure of the closed hot water circulation pipeline reaches or exceeds the opening pressure of the safe pressure reduction subsystem (II), the check valve (21) is conducted in a one-way mode, hot water flows into the safe pressure reduction subsystem (II) from the closed hot water circulation pipeline, the safe pressure reduction subsystem (II) is opened to discharge hot water for pressure reduction until the pressure P in the closed hot water circulation pipeline is reduced 3 When the pressure is lower than the starting pressure of the safe depressurization subsystem (II), the safe depressurization subsystem (II) starts to stop depressurization;
and S4, when the safe pressure reduction subsystem (II) reduces the pressure of the closed hot water circulation pipeline, the brake is opened to discharge hot water into the discharge subsystem (III), and then the discharge subsystem (III) discharges hot wastewater into an underground drainage pipe network.
6. The voltage regulation method according to claim 5,
s3 comprises the following steps:
s331, the opening pressure of the second safety valve (23) is set to be P 8 And the opening pressure of the second relief valve (23) is set to 1.05 times the upper limit of the safety pressure range of the closed hot water circulation line, i.e., P 8 ＝1.05P 2 The recoil pressure of the second relief valve (23) is set to P 9 A 1 is to P 9 Is set to be P 1 ＜P 9 ≤0.9P 8 ＜P 2 ＜P 8 The closing pressure of a normally open pressure switch (25) arranged at the water inlet pipe of the check valve (21) is set as the upper limit P of the safe pressure range of the closed hot water circulation pipeline 2 With a cutoff pressure set to P 10 ，P 10 Is set to be smaller than a recoil pressure P of the second relief valve (23) 9 And within the safety pressure range of the closed hot water circulation pipeline, i.e. P 1 ＜P 10 ＜P 9 ；
S332, when the pressure P of the closed hot water circulation pipeline is higher 3 In the range of P 2 ≤P 3 ＜P 8 When the pressure is reduced, the safety pressure reduction subsystem (II) performs pressure reduction action within a safety pressure range, namely, a normally open pressure switch (25) arranged at the water inlet pipe of the check valve (21) measures P 3 ≥P 2 When the pressure switch (25) is closed, the normally open contact is connected with the electromagnetic valve (24), the gate of the electromagnetic valve (24) is quickly opened, a large amount of hot water is discharged from the water outlet pipe of the electromagnetic valve (24), and the pressure P in the closed hot water circulation pipeline is enabled to be in 3 Descending; up to P 3 ≤P 10 When the pressure switch (25) is closed, the contact is opened, the circuit of the electromagnetic valve (24) is cut off, the gate of the electromagnetic valve (24) is immediately closed, and the pressure reduction action within the safe pressure range is finished;
s333, when the pressure P of the closed hot water circulation pipeline 3 In the range of P 3 ≥P 8 When the pressure switch (25) controls the electromagnetic valve (24) to open the valve to discharge hot water for pressure reduction, the valve clack of the second safety valve (23) is automatically opened, and the hot water is discharged from the water outlet pipe of the second safety valve (23) for pressure reduction; up to P 3 ＜P 8 When the valve is closed, the valve clack of the second safety valve (23) starts to close; when the valve clack of the second safety valve (23) is contacted with the valve seat again, the overpressure protection action is completely finished, and at the moment, P 10 ＜P 3 ≤P 9 The safe pressure reduction subsystem (II) returns to the action range of reducing the pressure within the safe pressure range only by controlling the electromagnetic valve (24) by the pressure switch (25);
alternatively, S3 comprises the steps of:
s341, the opening pressure of the second safety valve (23) is set to be P 8 And the opening pressure of the second relief valve (23) is setSet to 1.05 times of the upper limit of the safe pressure range of the closed hot water circulation pipeline, namely P 8 ＝1.05P 2 The recoil pressure of the second relief valve (23) is set to P 9 A 1 is to P 9 Is set to be P 1 ＜P 9 ≤0.9P 8 ＜P 2 ＜P 8 (ii) a The opening pressure of the first safety valve (22) is set to P 6 And P is 6 Close to the upper limit of the safety pressure range and less than the recoil pressure P of the second relief valve (23) 9 I.e. P 1 ＜P 6 ＜P 9 The recoil pressure of the first relief valve (22) is set to P 7 From P to P 7 Is set to be P 1 ＜P 7 ≤0.9P 6 ；
S342, when the pressure P of the closed hot water circulation pipeline 3 In the range of P 2 ≤P 3 ＜P 8 When the system is in use, the safe pressure reduction subsystem (II) carries out pressure reduction in a safe pressure range, namely, the valve clack of the first safety valve (22) is automatically opened, hot water is discharged from the water outlet pipe of the first safety valve (22), and the pressure P in the closed hot water circulation pipeline is enabled to be in 3 No longer rising; up to P 3 ＜P 6 When the valve clack of the first safety valve (22) is closed, after the valve clack of the first safety valve (22) is contacted with the valve seat again, the safety pressure reduction subsystem (II) does not reduce pressure through discharged hot water any more, the pressure reduction action within the safety pressure range is finished, and at the moment, the pressure P in the closed hot water circulation pipeline is controlled 3 In the range of P 1 ＜P 3 ≤P 7 ＜P 2 ；
S343 when the pressure P of the closed hot water circulation pipeline 3 In the range of P 3 ≥P 8 When the pressure reduction subsystem (II) starts overpressure protection action, namely, the first safety valve (22) is opened to discharge hot water for pressure reduction, and simultaneously, the valve clack of the second safety valve (23) is automatically opened to discharge hot water from the water outlet pipe of the second safety valve (23) for pressure reduction; up to P 3 ＜P 8 When the valve is closed, the valve clack of the second safety valve (23) starts to close; at the moment when the flap of the second safety valve (23) comes back into contact with the valve seat, the overpressure protection action is completely over, at which point P 6 ＜P 3 ≤P 9 Or P 6 ≤P 3 ＜P 9 I.e. closed hot waterThe circulation pipeline returns to the action range of reducing the pressure within the safety pressure range only by the first safety valve (22);
s4 comprises the following steps:
s411, water outlet pipes of the safe pressure reduction subsystem (II) are communicated with water inlet pipes penetrating through the primary side of the heat exchanger (32), water outlet pipes of the primary side of the heat exchanger (32) are communicated with a drainage ditch (31), the drainage ditch (31) is communicated with an underground drainage pipe network, hot water discharged by the safe pressure reduction subsystem (II) flows through the primary side of the heat exchanger (32), then is subjected to heat exchange with the secondary side of the heat exchanger (32) and is cooled, the water temperature is lower than the allowable temperature of the underground drainage pipe network, then enters the drainage ditch (31) and is discharged into the underground drainage pipe network;
s412, the heat exchanger (32) transfers the heat of the primary side to the secondary side, a cooling tower water pump (34) provides water circulation power between the secondary side of the heat exchanger (32) and a cooling tower (33), the heat of the secondary side of the heat exchanger (32) is carried into the cooling tower (33) by cooling water circularly flowing through the secondary side of the heat exchanger (32), and the cooling tower (33) dissipates heat and reduces temperature to air through evaporation;
alternatively, S4 comprises the steps of:
and S421, opening the safety pressure reduction subsystem (II) to reduce the pressure of hot water discharged by the hot water, collecting the discharged hot water into the drainage ditch (31) from the water outlet pipe of the safety pressure reduction subsystem (II), and discharging the hot water into an underground drainage pipe network through the drainage ditch (31).
7. A voltage regulation method applied to the voltage regulation system of claim 4, characterized by comprising the steps of:
s1, a closed hot water circulating pipeline is powered by a pipeline circulating pump (41), and the safe pressure range of pressure in the pipeline is recorded as (P) 1 ，P 2 ) In which P is 1 ＜P 2 And the pressure in the closed hot water circulation pipeline is marked as P 3 The voltage regulation range of the voltage regulation subsystem (I) is marked as (P) 1 ，P 5 ) In which P is 1 ＜P 5 ＜P 2 When the water temperature in the closed hot water circulation pipeline changes to cause pressure fluctuation, P still exists 1 ＜P 3 ＜P 5 The pressure in the closed hot water circulating pipeline is regulated by pressure regulationThe subsystem (I) performs regulation;
s2, the pressure P in the closed hot water circulation pipeline after being regulated by the pressure regulating subsystem (I) 3 ≥P 5 If the pressure regulating subsystem (I) closes the normally open first electric valve (12), the system enters a protection state, and the pressure in the closed hot water circulation pipeline is not regulated any more;
s3, if the pressure of the closed hot water circulation pipeline reaches or exceeds the opening pressure of the safe pressure reduction subsystem (II), the check valve (21) is conducted in a one-way mode, hot water flows into the safe pressure reduction subsystem (II) from the closed hot water circulation pipeline, the safe pressure reduction subsystem (II) is opened to discharge hot water for pressure reduction until the pressure P in the closed hot water circulation pipeline is reduced 3 When the pressure is lower than the starting pressure of the safe depressurization subsystem (II), the safe depressurization subsystem (II) starts to stop depressurization;
and S4, when the safe pressure reduction subsystem (II) reduces the pressure of the closed hot water circulation pipeline, the brake is opened to discharge hot water into the discharge subsystem (III), and then the discharge subsystem (III) discharges hot wastewater into an underground drainage pipe network.
8. The voltage regulation method according to claim 7,
s1 comprises the following steps:
s111, the pressure regulating subsystem (I) comprises a first electric valve (12), a pressure stabilizing tank (11) and a pressure stabilizing pipeline, the first electric valve (12) is in an open state, and the initial pressure and P of pre-filled gas in the pressure stabilizing tank (11) 1 Equal, the upper limit of the safe pressure stabilizing range of the pressure stabilizing tank (11) is set to be P 5 A pressure sensor is arranged in an air bag of the pressure stabilizing tank (11), and the real-time pressure of the pre-charging gas is measured to be P 4 ；
S112, when the water temperature changes and the water volume expands to cause the pressure in the closed hot water circulation pipeline to increase, namely P 1 ＜P 4 ＜P 3 ＜P 2 When the pressure of the gas in the pressure stabilizing tank (11) is equal to the pressure in the closed hot water circulation pipeline, the closed hot water circulation pipeline is closedThe hot water in the loop pipeline does not flow into the pressure stabilizing tank (11) to achieve dynamic balance, and P is in dynamic balance 4 ＝P 3 ；
S113, when the pressure of the closed hot water circulation pipeline is less than the pressure of the gas pre-filled in the pressure stabilizing tank (11), namely P 1 ＜P 3 ＜P 4 ＜P 2 When the hot water enters the pressure stabilizing tank (11), the hot water is extruded and supplemented into the closed hot water circulation pipeline, so that the pressure in the closed hot water circulation pipeline is increased until the pressure in the closed hot water circulation pipeline is equal to the pressure of the gas in the pressure stabilizing tank (11), the hot water in the pressure stabilizing tank (11) is not supplemented to the closed hot water circulation pipeline, and the dynamic balance is achieved again;
s2 comprises the following steps:
s211, when the pressure of the gas in the pressure stabilizing tank (11) reaches the upper limit of safe pressure stabilization, namely P 4 ＝P 5 And pressure P in closed hot water circulation pipeline 3 ＞P 5 When the pressure of the closed hot water circulation pipeline is stabilized, the first electric valve (12) is immediately closed, and the pressure stabilizing tank (11) does not stabilize the pressure of the closed hot water circulation pipeline any more;
s3 comprises the following steps:
s311, the opening pressure of the second safety valve (23) is set to be P 8 And the opening pressure of the second relief valve (23) is set to 1.05 times the upper limit of the safety pressure range of the closed hot water circulation line, i.e., P 8 ＝1.05P 2 The recoil pressure of the second relief valve (23) is set to P 9 A 1 is to P 9 Is set to be P 1 ＜P 9 ≤0.9P 8 ＜P 2 ＜P 8 ；
S312, when the pressure P of the closed hot water circulation pipeline is higher 3 In the range of P 2 ≤P 3 ＜P 8 When the pressure sensor (27) arranged at the water inlet pipe of the check valve (21) detects P, the safe pressure reduction subsystem (II) performs pressure reduction action within a safe pressure range 3 ≥P 2 When the pressure in the pipeline exceeds the normal value, the opening degree of the second electric valve (26) is controlled according to the measured pressure in the pipeline, the hot water is discharged and the pressure is reduced, the pressure sensor (27) and the second electric valve (26) carry out closed-loop control, and the pressure of the closed hot water circulation pipeline is gradually adjusted until the pressure is recovered to be safeIn the pressure range, i.e. when the pressure sensor (27) measures P 3 ＜P 2 When the pressure is reduced, the gate of the second electric valve (26) is completely closed, and the pressure reduction action within the safe pressure range is completely finished;
s313, when the pressure reduction action within the safe pressure range is completely finished, if the pressure P of the closed hot water circulation pipeline is high 3 ≥P 5 If the first electric valve (12) is in a closed state, the pressure regulating subsystem (I) does not regulate the pressure in the closed hot water circulation pipeline; if the pressure P of the closed hot water circulation pipeline 3 ＜P 5 If the pressure of the hot water is regulated by the pressure regulating subsystem (I), the first electric valve (12) is opened, and the closed hot water circulating pipeline returns to the range of pressure regulation only by the pressure regulating subsystem (I);
s314, when the pressure P of the closed hot water circulation pipeline is high 3 In the range of P 3 ≥P 8 When the pressure sensor (27) controls the second electric valve (26) to open the gate to discharge hot water for pressure reduction, the valve clack of the second safety valve (23) is automatically opened, and the hot water is discharged from the water outlet pipe of the second safety valve (23) for pressure reduction; up to P 3 ＜P 8 When the valve is closed, the valve clack of the second safety valve (23) starts to close; when the flap of the second safety valve (23) comes back into contact with the valve seat, the shutter of the second electric valve (26) is completely closed and the overpressure protection action is completely over, at which point P 1 ＜P 3 ≤P 9；
Alternatively, S3 comprises the steps of:
s321, the opening pressure of the second safety valve (23) is set to be P 8 And the opening pressure of the second relief valve (23) is set to 1.05 times the upper limit of the safety pressure range of the closed hot water circulation line, i.e., P 8 ＝1.05P 2 The recoil pressure of the second relief valve (23) is set to P 9 From P to P 9 Is set to be P 1 ＜P 9 ≤0.9P 8 ＜P 2 ＜P 8 The closing pressure of a normally open pressure switch (25) arranged at the water inlet pipe of the check valve (21) is set as the upper limit P of the safe pressure range of the closed hot water circulation pipeline 2 With a cutoff pressure set to P 10 ，P 10 Is set smaller than the recoil pressure P of the second relief valve (23) 9 And within the safety pressure range of the closed hot water circulation pipeline, i.e. P 1 ＜P 10 ＜P 9 ；
S322, when the pressure P of the closed hot water circulation pipeline 3 In the range of P 2 ≤P 3 ＜P 8 When the pressure in the safety pressure range is reduced, the safety pressure reduction subsystem (II) carries out pressure reduction action in the safety pressure range, namely, when a normally open pressure switch (25) arranged at the water inlet pipe of the check valve (21) detects P 3 ≥P 2 When the pressure switch (25) is closed, the normally open contact is connected to the electromagnetic valve (24), the electromagnetic valve (24) is opened rapidly, and a large amount of hot water is discharged from the water outlet pipe of the electromagnetic valve (24), so that the pressure P in the closed hot water circulation pipeline is ensured 3 Descending; up to P 3 ≤P 10 When the pressure switch (25) is closed, the contact is opened, the circuit of the electromagnetic valve (24) is cut off, the gate of the electromagnetic valve (24) is immediately closed, and the pressure reduction action within the safe pressure range is finished;
s323, when the pressure reduction action in the safe pressure range is completely finished, if the pressure P of the closed hot water circulation pipeline is up 3 ≥P 5 If the first electric valve (12) is in a closed state, the pressure regulating subsystem (I) does not regulate the pressure in the closed hot water circulation pipeline; if the pressure P of the closed hot water circulation pipeline 3 ＜P 5 If the pressure of the hot water is regulated by the pressure regulating subsystem (I), the first electric valve (12) is opened, and the closed hot water circulating pipeline returns to the range of pressure regulation only by the pressure regulating subsystem (I);
s324, when the pressure P of the closed hot water circulation pipeline is higher 3 In the range of P 3 ≥P 8 When the pressure switch (25) controls the electromagnetic valve (24) to open the valve to discharge hot water for pressure reduction, the valve clack of the second safety valve (23) is automatically opened, and the hot water is discharged from the water outlet pipe of the second safety valve (23) for pressure reduction; up to P 3 ＜P 8 When the valve is closed, the valve clack of the second safety valve (23) starts to close; at the moment when the flap of the second safety valve (23) comes back into contact with the valve seat, the overpressure protection action is completely over, at which point P 10 ＜P 3 ≤P 9 And the safe pressure reduction subsystem (II) returns to the action range of reducing the pressure within the safe pressure range only by controlling the electromagnetic valve (24) through the pressure switch (25).
9. The voltage regulation method according to claim 7 or 8,
s4, the method comprises the following steps:
s411, water outlet pipes of the safe pressure reduction subsystem (II) are communicated with water inlet pipes penetrating through the primary side of the heat exchanger (32), water outlet pipes of the primary side of the heat exchanger (32) are communicated with a drainage ditch (31), the drainage ditch (31) is communicated with an underground drainage pipe network, hot water discharged by the safe pressure reduction subsystem (II) flows through the primary side of the heat exchanger (32), then is subjected to heat exchange with the secondary side of the heat exchanger (32) and is cooled, the water temperature is lower than the allowable temperature of the underground drainage pipe network, then enters the drainage ditch (31) and is discharged into the underground drainage pipe network;
s412, the heat exchanger (32) transfers the heat of the primary side to the secondary side, the cooling tower water pump (34) provides water circulation power between the secondary side of the heat exchanger (32) and the cooling tower (33), the heat of the secondary side of the heat exchanger (32) is brought into the cooling tower (33) by cooling water circularly flowing through the secondary side of the heat exchanger (32), and the cooling tower (33) dissipates heat and reduces temperature to air through evaporation;
alternatively, S4 comprises the steps of:
and S421, opening the safety pressure reduction subsystem (II) to reduce the pressure of the hot water discharged by the hot water, and collecting the discharged hot water into the drainage ditch (31) from the water outlet pipe of the safety pressure reduction subsystem (II) and then discharging the hot water to the underground drainage pipe network through the drainage ditch (31).
10. An ORC unit, characterized by: the closed cycle heating pipeline communicated with the ORC unit evaporator (51) adopts the pressure regulating system of any one of claims 1-4.
CN202211454558.8A 2022-11-21 2022-11-21 Pressure regulating system, pressure regulating method and ORC unit adopting pressure regulating system Pending CN115751818A (en)

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CN202211454558.8A CN115751818A (en) 2022-11-21 2022-11-21 Pressure regulating system, pressure regulating method and ORC unit adopting pressure regulating system

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CN202211454558.8A CN115751818A (en) 2022-11-21 2022-11-21 Pressure regulating system, pressure regulating method and ORC unit adopting pressure regulating system

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CN115751818A true CN115751818A (en) 2023-03-07

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