CN115748099A - Preparation device of elastic non-woven material - Google Patents
Preparation device of elastic non-woven material Download PDFInfo
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- CN115748099A CN115748099A CN202211588997.8A CN202211588997A CN115748099A CN 115748099 A CN115748099 A CN 115748099A CN 202211588997 A CN202211588997 A CN 202211588997A CN 115748099 A CN115748099 A CN 115748099A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
- Y02P70/62—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product related technologies for production or treatment of textile or flexible materials or products thereof, including footwear
Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation device of an elastic non-woven material, and relates to the technical field of non-woven materials. The preparation device provided by the invention has the advantages that through the improvement of the device structure, the negative pressure drafting channel is arranged in the spinning direction of the spinneret plate and is communicated with the spinning component, the inlet of the airflow conveying channel is respectively communicated with the air supplementing port and the short fiber conveying device, the outlets of the airflow conveying channel are respectively positioned at two sides of the spinning direction of the spinneret plate and are communicated with the negative pressure drafting channel, the short fiber conveying device is used for conveying elastic short fibers, so that the elastic short fibers are transversely conveyed to the negative pressure drafting channel by negative pressure airflow and are in approximately vertical cross contact and adhesion with polymer melt fibers conveyed longitudinally, the polymer melt fibers are further formed on the surface of the receiving net curtain as a tiled main body, and the elastic short fibers are longitudinally supported elastic non-woven materials, so that the technical effects of improving the overall elastic performance and performance stability of the elastic non-woven materials are achieved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of non-woven materials, in particular to a preparation device of an elastic non-woven material.
Background
Elastic nonwoven materials are enjoyed by more and more people due to their higher strength and toughness, as well as soft and comfortable materials.
The related technology provides a preparation method of an elastic non-woven material, which comprises the steps of respectively preparing a surface fiber layer and an elastic fiber layer, and directly compounding the elastic fiber layer serving as a middle layer with the surface fiber layer through thermal bonding or hot melt adhesive bonding to obtain the elastic non-woven material.
In the implementation of the above technical solution, the inventor finds that although the elastic nonwoven material provided in the related art has a certain elastic performance, the elastic performance is realized only by the middle elastic fiber layer, and in order to avoid the damage of the elastic fiber, which is easily damaged, the surface of the existing elastic nonwoven material often adopts a fiber material layer with small elasticity and hard texture as a surface layer protective material, so that the overall elastic performance of the elastic nonwoven material is low, the elastic performance and the overall structure of each part of the product are unstable, and the existing method requires a composite process, rather than one-step forming.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above problems in the related art, the present invention provides a device for preparing an elastic nonwoven material, which is used to improve the overall elastic performance and performance stability of the elastic nonwoven material.
According to an aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, there is provided an apparatus for preparing an elastic nonwoven material, comprising a spinning assembly, a negative pressure drafting assembly and a collecting assembly, wherein:
the spinning assembly comprises a first matrix, a polymer conveying channel is arranged in the first matrix, and the outlet of the polymer conveying channel is communicated with a spinneret plate;
the negative pressure drafting assembly comprises a second matrix, an airflow conveying channel and a negative pressure drafting channel are arranged in the second matrix, the negative pressure drafting channel is arranged in the spinning direction of the spinneret plate and communicated with the spinning assembly, the inlet of the airflow conveying channel is respectively communicated with an air supplementing port and a short fiber conveying device, the outlet of the airflow conveying channel is respectively positioned on two sides of the spinning direction of the spinneret plate and communicated with the negative pressure drafting channel, and the short fiber conveying device is used for conveying elastic short fibers;
the collecting assembly comprises a receiving roller, a receiving net curtain in transmission connection with the receiving roller, and a negative pressure suction device arranged corresponding to the drafting direction of the negative pressure drafting assembly.
In a preferred embodiment, the air supply opening is in communication with the external environment, or the air supply opening is in communication with an air flow generating device for generating an auxiliary propelling air flow.
In a preferred embodiment, the outlet direction of the gas flow delivery channel is perpendicular to the spinning direction of the spinneret plate.
In a preferred embodiment, the stretch staple fibers are ES fibers.
In a preferred embodiment, a fiber dispersing component is arranged at the input port of the short fiber conveying device, and the fiber dispersing component comprises a spike roller and a cylindrical screen matched with the spike roller.
In a preferred embodiment, the negative pressure drafting channel is a predetermined distance away from the receiving web.
In a preferred embodiment, the spinning assembly comprises a melt blowing assembly communicated with the polymer conveying channel, the melt blowing assembly comprises a feeding hopper, a screw extruder and a metering pump which are communicated in sequence, and the polymer conveying channel is used for conveying polymer melt.
In a preferred embodiment, the spinning assembly comprises a liquid spraying assembly communicated with the polymer conveying channel, the liquid spraying assembly comprises a liquid inlet box, an injection pump, a high-pressure gas tank and a nozzle, the liquid inlet box is communicated with the injection pump, the injection pump is communicated with the nozzle through a liquid conveying pipe, and the high-pressure gas tank is communicated with the nozzle through a gas conveying pipe; at this time, the polymer transfer passage is used to transfer the polymer solution.
In a preferred embodiment, the output temperature of the polymer conveying channel is 140 to 330 ℃.
Compared with the prior art, the preparation device of the elastic non-woven material provided by the invention has the following advantages:
the invention provides a preparation device of an elastic non-woven material, which is characterized in that through the improvement of the structure of the device, a negative pressure drafting channel is arranged in the spinning direction of a spinneret plate and communicated with a spinning assembly, the inlet of an air flow conveying channel is respectively communicated with an air supplementing port and a short fiber conveying device, the outlet of the air flow conveying channel is respectively positioned at two sides of the spinning direction of the spinneret plate and communicated with the negative pressure drafting channel, the short fiber conveying device is used for conveying elastic short fibers, so that the elastic short fibers are transversely conveyed to the negative pressure drafting channel by negative pressure air flow and are approximately vertically crossed, contacted and adhered with polymer melt fibers conveyed longitudinally, and then the polymer melt fibers are formed on the surface of a receiving screen curtain and are a tiled main body, the elastic short fibers are longitudinally supported elastic non-woven materials, and the technical effects of improving the overall elastic performance and the performance stability of the elastic non-woven materials are achieved.
Furthermore, the ES fibers are selected as the elastic short fibers, so that the skin layer fibers with low melting point are melted when the elastic short fibers are in contact adhesion with the polymer melt fibers, the bidirectional adhesion effect under the condition of a wider temperature zone is realized, meanwhile, the core layer fibers are not easy to melt, the elastic supporting performance of the fibers is not attenuated, and after the receiving net curtain is heated and reinforced, a plurality of bonding points are generated with other adjacent fibers to form a stable multi-triangular supporting structure so as to improve the structural stability of the whole elastic non-woven material.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a related art stretch nonwoven material.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of an apparatus for preparing an elastic nonwoven material according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a bonding configuration for a blocking fiber provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a bonding configuration for a blocking fiber provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a bonding configuration for a blocking fiber provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a bonding configuration for a blocking fiber provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a bonding configuration for a blocking fiber provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of an elastic nonwoven material according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of a fiber distribution assembly provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.
A schematic structural view of an elastic nonwoven material corresponding to a device for preparing an elastic nonwoven material provided in the related art is shown in fig. 1.
In fig. 1, which is a schematic structural diagram of an existing elastic nonwoven material, the elastic nonwoven material includes an outer protective fiber layer 10 and an intermediate elastic fiber layer 20, and the outer protective fiber layer 10 and the intermediate elastic fiber layer 20 are adhered to each other through hot melt fibers or hot melt adhesives, obviously, in this structure, the material properties and the structure of the outer protective fiber layer 10 are completely different from those of the intermediate elastic fiber layer 20, although the intermediate elastic fiber layer 20 can provide a certain elastic property for a product, the original elastic property and comfort of the elastic fiber are greatly compromised by the influence of the outer protective fiber layer 10; and the great difference of the two material performances can not form good combination only by hot melting or adhesive consolidation, so that the interface combination performance between the material layers of the product is poor, and the elastic non-woven material is easy to separate the fiber material layers in the long-term use process.
In order to avoid the technical problem, the invention provides a schematic device of a preparation device of elastic non-woven material shown in fig. 2, the preparation device of elastic non-woven material comprises a spinning component, a negative pressure drafting component and a collecting component, and is characterized in that:
the spinning assembly comprises a first matrix 100, a polymer conveying channel 110 is arranged in the first matrix 100, and the outlet of the polymer conveying channel 110 is communicated with a spinneret plate 120; the negative pressure drafting assembly comprises a second substrate 200, an airflow conveying channel 210 and a negative pressure drafting channel 220 are arranged in the second substrate 200, the negative pressure drafting channel 220 is arranged in the spinning direction of the spinneret plate 120 and communicated with the spinning assembly, the inlet of the airflow conveying channel 210 is respectively communicated with an air supplementing port 230 and a short fiber conveying device 240, the outlet of the airflow conveying channel 210 is respectively positioned at two sides of the spinning direction of the spinneret plate 120 and communicated with the negative pressure drafting channel 220, and the short fiber conveying device 240 is used for conveying elastic short fibers; the collecting assembly comprises a receiving roller 310, a receiving net curtain 320 in transmission connection with the receiving roller 310, and a negative pressure suction device 330 arranged corresponding to the drafting direction of the negative pressure drafting assembly.
The polymer delivery passage is used for delivering polymer melt or polymer solution, and the polymer melt or polymer solution is ejected from the spinneret under the absorption action of the negative pressure gas flow and is drawn downwards to form polymer fibers. The mass of the individual spandex staple fibers in the present invention is much lower than the mass of the polymer fibers.
The negative pressure draft assembly and the negative pressure draft device are matched together to form an approximately closed negative pressure draft system, and the power of the negative pressure draft system comes from the negative pressure draft device. When the negative pressure suction device is in a working state, air is extracted from the negative pressure drafting system to form negative pressure in the negative pressure drafting channel, external air enters the airflow conveying channel from the air supplementing port to form negative pressure airflow under the action of the negative pressure, and meanwhile, the short fiber conveying device conveys elastic short fibers to the airflow conveying channel and inputs the elastic short fibers to the negative pressure drafting channel in an approximately horizontal posture under the drafting action of the negative pressure airflow; the polymer melt or the polymer solution is drawn downwards under the adsorption action of the negative pressure air flow to form polymer fibers, and enters the negative pressure drawing channel in a vertical downward posture, and is in cross contact with elastic short fibers transversely input at two sides before the polymer fibers are solidified, at the moment, the elastic short fibers collide and are bonded on the surface of the polymer fibers in a molten or solution state to form bonded fibers, and the bonding structure schematic diagram of the bonded fibers is shown in fig. 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7, wherein the polymer fiber component 30 and the elastic short fiber component 40 are in a cross bonding structure, and a plurality of polymer fiber components 30 can be in cross bonding with a plurality of elastic short fiber components 40.
When the adhesive fibers are solidified in the negative pressure drafting process and received by the receiving net curtain, the polymer fiber components in the adhesive fibers are converted from vertical postures to horizontal postures under the actions of self gravity, negative pressure airflow and self structures, correspondingly, the elastic short fibers in the adhesive fibers are converted from approximate horizontal postures to approximate vertical postures, and when all the adhesive fibers are jointly reinforced by the receiving net curtain to form the elastic non-woven material, the elastic short fiber components play an elastic supporting role in the thickness direction of the elastic non-woven material.
In a possible embodiment, a schematic structural diagram of the elastic nonwoven material provided by the present invention is shown in fig. 8, the polymer fiber component 30 for exerting the main performance function and the elastic staple fiber component 40 for providing the supporting elasticity are uniformly distributed in the overall structure of the elastic nonwoven material, so that the overall elastic performance and performance stability of the product are both better, and a plurality of cross bonding nodes are formed between the polymer fiber component 30 and the elastic staple fiber component 40, so that the interfacial bonding performance between different fiber materials of the product is more stable and excellent.
In a preferred embodiment, the air supply opening is in communication with the external environment, or the air supply opening is in communication with an air flow generating device for generating an auxiliary propelling air flow.
When the air supplementing port is communicated with the external environment, the negative pressure drafting system is in a passive air inlet state; when the air supplementing opening is communicated with the airflow generating device, the input speed of each fiber material in the preparation device is influenced by negative pressure drafting airflow, and the airflow generating device can be used for carrying out auxiliary fine adjustment to ensure the horizontal posture of the fiber material in the airflow conveying channel so as to realize parameter control of preparing the elastic non-woven material from different fiber materials.
It should be noted that the flow rate of the auxiliary pushing air flow provided by the air flow generating device is generally low to avoid affecting the vertical downward attitude of the polymer fibers. Optionally, the flow rate of the auxiliary pushing airflow is 3 to 5m/s. In a preferred embodiment, the outlet direction of the gas flow delivery channel is perpendicular to the spinning direction of the spinneret plate.
With this structure, the elastic staple fiber component can collide and bond with the polymer fibers in a more nearly horizontal posture, thereby exerting the best elastic support performance in the final elastic nonwoven product.
In a preferred embodiment, the spandex staple fiber is an ES fiber.
In a preferred embodiment, the output temperature of the polymer conveying channel is 140 to 330 ℃.
The ES fiber is a skin-core structure composite fiber, the skin layer fiber is PE, and the core layer fiber is alkene PP. Wherein the melting point of PE is about 100 ℃, and the melting point of PP is about 160 ℃. The temperature of the polymer fiber component sprayed out by the spinneret plate can be controlled within 140-330 ℃, the PE component in the ES fiber can be melted by adjusting the vertical position of the passive air inlet, and the PP component is not melted, so that the PE component is melted and adhered to the adjacent polymer fiber on the basis of not changing the conformation of the ES fiber, and is bidirectionally adhered to the semi-solidified polymer fiber, a more stable adhesion structure is realized, the PP component is used as an elastic supporting material main body, and more dense penetrating support is realized on a final product.
In addition, the formed elastic non-woven material is subjected to subsequent heat drying treatment, the adopted temperature is higher than the melting point of PE and lower than the melting point of PP, so that the elastic short fibers can be continuously subjected to cross bonding with other adjacent fibers in the composite reinforcement process, the floating elastic fibers in the primary forming of the elastic non-woven fabric can be bonded, and the more bonding points are, the firmer structure is.
Furthermore, the air flow conveying channel can be also provided with a heating device for preheating the input ES fibers, so that the ES fibers can be quickly and fully bonded when colliding with the polymer fibers. Similarly, the heating temperature of the heating device is lower than the melting point temperature of the ES fiber sheath fibers, so that the ES fibers are prevented from being adhered to each other in the air flow conveying channel. In a preferred embodiment, a fiber dispersing component is arranged at the input port of the short fiber conveying device, and the fiber dispersing component comprises a nail roller and a cylindrical screen which is designed to be matched with the nail roller.
The fiber dispersing component is used for well dispersing the input elastic short fibers so as to prevent the elastic short fibers from being input into the negative pressure drafting system in a lump shape and influencing the microscopic adhesion of the elastic short fibers and the polymer fibers. In one possible embodiment, a schematic view of the fiber dispersion assembly may be as shown in fig. 9, where the fiber dispersion assembly in fig. 9 includes a spike roller 910 and a cylindrical screen 920, and the rotation directions of the spike roller 910 and the cylindrical screen 920 are opposite. After the elastic short fibers are input into the cylindrical screen 920, the elastic short fibers can be scattered by the nail roller 910, further scattered by the rotation of the cylindrical screen 920 and then output to the short fiber conveying device from the screen holes.
In a preferred embodiment, the negative pressure drafting channel is at a predetermined distance from the receiving web.
The preset distance is adjustable and is higher than the whole thickness of the elastic non-woven material.
In a preferred embodiment, the spinning assembly comprises a melt blowing assembly communicated with the polymer conveying channel, the melt blowing assembly comprises a feeding hopper, a screw extruder and a metering pump which are communicated in sequence, and the polymer conveying channel is used for conveying polymer melt.
In a preferred embodiment, the spinning assembly comprises a liquid spraying assembly communicated with the polymer conveying channel, the liquid spraying assembly comprises a liquid inlet box, an injection pump, a high-pressure gas tank and a nozzle, the liquid inlet box is communicated with the injection pump, the injection pump is communicated with the nozzle through a liquid conveying pipe, and the high-pressure gas tank is communicated with the nozzle through a gas conveying pipe; at this time, the polymer transfer passage is used to transfer the polymer solution.
In summary, according to the preparation apparatus of an elastic nonwoven material provided by the present invention, through improvement of the apparatus structure, the negative pressure drafting channel is arranged in the spinneret direction of the spinneret plate and is communicated with the spinning assembly, the inlet of the air flow conveying channel is respectively communicated with the air supply port and the short fiber conveying device, the outlet of the air flow conveying channel is respectively located on both sides of the spinneret direction of the spinneret plate and is communicated with the negative pressure drafting channel, the short fiber conveying device is used for conveying the elastic short fibers, so that the elastic short fibers are transversely conveyed to the negative pressure drafting channel by the negative pressure air flow and are in approximately vertical cross contact and adhesion with the polymer melt fibers conveyed in the longitudinal direction, and further the polymer melt fibers are formed on the surface of the receiving screen as a tiled main body, and the elastic short fibers are longitudinally supported elastic nonwoven material, thereby achieving the technical effects of improving the overall elastic performance and performance stability of the elastic nonwoven material.
Furthermore, the ES fibers are selected as the elastic short fibers, so that the skin layer fibers with low melting point are melted when the elastic short fibers are in contact adhesion with the polymer melt fibers, the bidirectional adhesion effect under the condition of a wider temperature zone is realized, meanwhile, the core layer fibers are not easy to melt, the elastic supporting performance of the fibers is not attenuated, and after the receiving net curtain is heated and reinforced, a plurality of bonding points are generated with other adjacent fibers to form a stable multi-triangular supporting structure so as to improve the structural stability of the whole elastic non-woven material.
While the invention has been described in detail in the foregoing by way of general description, and specific embodiments and experiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications and improvements can be made thereto based on the invention. Accordingly, such modifications and improvements are intended to be within the scope of the invention as claimed.
Other embodiments of the invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art from consideration of the specification and practice of the invention disclosed herein. This invention is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of the invention following, in general, the principles of the invention and including such departures from the present disclosure as come within known or customary practice within the art to which the invention pertains. It will be understood that the invention is not limited to the precise construction and methods herein before described and illustrated in the accompanying drawings, and that various modifications and changes may be made therein without departing from the scope thereof.
Claims (9)
1. The preparation device of the elastic non-woven material comprises a spinning assembly, a negative pressure drafting assembly and a collecting assembly, and is characterized in that:
the spinning assembly comprises a first matrix, a polymer conveying channel is arranged in the first matrix, and the outlet of the polymer conveying channel is communicated with a spinneret plate;
the negative pressure drafting assembly comprises a second matrix, an airflow conveying channel and a negative pressure drafting channel are arranged in the second matrix, the negative pressure drafting channel is arranged in the spinning direction of the spinneret plate and communicated with the spinning assembly, the inlet of the airflow conveying channel is respectively communicated with an air supplementing port and a short fiber conveying device, the outlet of the airflow conveying channel is respectively positioned on two sides of the spinning direction of the spinneret plate and communicated with the negative pressure drafting channel, and the short fiber conveying device is used for conveying elastic short fibers;
the collecting assembly comprises a receiving roller, a receiving net curtain in transmission connection with the receiving roller and a negative pressure suction device arranged corresponding to the drafting direction of the negative pressure drafting assembly.
2. The manufacturing apparatus of claim 1, wherein the air supply port is in communication with an external environment, or is in communication with an air flow generating device for generating an auxiliary propelling air flow.
3. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the outlet of the gas flow delivery channel is oriented perpendicular to the direction of the spinning jet of the spinneret.
4. The manufacturing apparatus as set forth in claim 1 wherein said spandex staple fiber is an ES fiber.
5. The apparatus for preparing the short fiber of claim 1, wherein the short fiber conveying device is provided with a fiber dispersing component at the input port, and the fiber dispersing component comprises a nail roller and a cylindrical screen designed to be matched with the nail roller.
6. A device according to claim 1, characterised in that said negative pressure drawing channel is at a preset distance from said receiving web.
7. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the spinning assembly comprises a melt blowing assembly in communication with the polymer conveying path, the melt blowing assembly comprising a feed hopper, a screw extruder, and a metering pump in sequential communication, wherein the polymer conveying path is configured to convey the polymer melt.
8. The preparation device of claim 1, wherein the spinning assembly comprises a liquid jet assembly communicated with the polymer conveying channel, the liquid jet assembly comprises a liquid inlet box, a syringe pump, a high-pressure gas tank and a nozzle, the liquid inlet box is communicated with the syringe pump, the syringe pump is communicated with the nozzle through a liquid conveying pipe, and the high-pressure gas tank is communicated with the nozzle through a gas conveying pipe; at this time, the polymer transfer passage is used to transfer the polymer solution.
9. The manufacturing apparatus as set forth in claim 1, wherein the output temperature of the polymer delivery passage is 140 to 330 ℃.
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| CN202211588997.8A CN115748099B (en) | 2022-12-12 | 2022-12-12 | Preparation device of elastic nonwoven material |
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| CN202211588997.8A CN115748099B (en) | 2022-12-12 | 2022-12-12 | Preparation device of elastic nonwoven material |
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