CN115747707A - Method for delaying degradation rate of magnesium alloy - Google Patents
Method for delaying degradation rate of magnesium alloy Download PDFInfo
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- CN115747707A CN115747707A CN202211485139.0A CN202211485139A CN115747707A CN 115747707 A CN115747707 A CN 115747707A CN 202211485139 A CN202211485139 A CN 202211485139A CN 115747707 A CN115747707 A CN 115747707A
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- 229910000861 Mg alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 138
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Gallium Chemical compound [Ga] GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 229910052733 gallium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- AJNVQOSZGJRYEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N digallium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Ga+3].[Ga+3] AJNVQOSZGJRYEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 229910001195 gallium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910001338 liquidmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229920013639 polyalphaolefin Polymers 0.000 claims description 12
- 229920000435 poly(dimethylsiloxane) Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000010907 mechanical stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- QAAFWYAPYNNVNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Mg].[Mg].[Zn] Chemical compound [Mg].[Mg].[Zn] QAAFWYAPYNNVNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- -1 magnesium-aluminum-zinc magnesium Chemical compound 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000979 retarding effect Effects 0.000 claims 7
- 239000007943 implant Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229910000807 Ga alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 21
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 21
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 20
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 20
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 12
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 11
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 6
- FWLGASJILZBATH-UHFFFAOYSA-N gallium magnesium Chemical compound [Mg].[Ga] FWLGASJILZBATH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910000765 intermetallic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 3
- OVYTZAASVAZITK-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;ethanol;hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+].CCO OVYTZAASVAZITK-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 210000000988 bone and bone Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 230000035876 healing Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910000583 Nd alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PEFIIJCLFMFTEP-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Nd].[Mg] Chemical compound [Nd].[Mg] PEFIIJCLFMFTEP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007857 degradation product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009713 electroplating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005468 ion implantation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005542 laser surface treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000003000 nontoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007740 vapor deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
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- Chemical Treatment Of Metals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a method for delaying the degradation rate of magnesium alloy, belonging to the technical field of magnesium alloy surface treatment. The surface of the magnesium alloy is sequentially polished, cleaned and dried to obtain the pretreated magnesium alloy; heating liquid metal gallium to 30-40 ℃, and mechanically stirring for oxidation reaction to obtain pre-oxidized gallium; coating the pre-gallium oxide on the surface of the pretreated magnesium alloy to obtain a pre-gallium oxide coating; adding the magnesium alloy coated with the pre-gallium oxide coating into a smelting medium, wherein the magnesium alloy is submerged by the smelting medium, raising the temperature to a preset temperature at a constant speed, preserving heat, smelting, cleaning the smelting medium on the surface, and grinding, polishing, cleaning and drying the smelting medium to obtain the magnesium alloy with the surface treated. The invention utilizes gallium element to form gallium alloy on the surface of magnesium alloy, can effectively slow down the degradation speed of magnesium alloy, and can prolong the service life of magnesium alloy in the application of medical implant devices.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for delaying the degradation rate of magnesium alloy, belonging to the technical field of magnesium alloy surface treatment.
Background
Magnesium alloys are used in bone implants as load-bearing orthopaedic temporary implants, which gradually dissolve in the human body as the healing process progresses. In addition, the magnesium alloy has the characteristics of good biocompatibility and light weight, and is a potential candidate material for developing biodegradable implant materials. However, in the practical medical application process, the magnesium alloy has the problems of high degradation rate and non-uniform degradation products, and the generated large amount of gas can cause the pH value of the local environment in the body to be increased.
The surface of the magnesium alloy needs to be modified aiming at the problems, and the commonly used magnesium alloy surface modification technology mainly comprises alloying, chemical conversion, vapor deposition, anodic oxidation, electroplating, laser surface treatment, ion implantation and the like; the alloying is the main measure for improving the degradation behavior of the magnesium alloy at present, for example, although the magnesium-neodymium alloy has good mechanical properties, the problem of high degradation rate still exists.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method for delaying the degradation rate of magnesium alloy aiming at the problems of poor surface corrosion resistance and high degradation rate of the existing magnesium alloy.
A method for delaying the degradation rate of magnesium alloy comprises the following specific steps:
(1) Sequentially grinding, polishing, cleaning and drying the surface of the magnesium alloy to obtain a pretreated magnesium alloy;
(2) Heating liquid metal gallium to 30-40 ℃, and mechanically stirring for preoxidation reaction to obtain preoxidized gallium;
(3) Coating the pre-gallium oxide on the surface of the pretreated magnesium alloy to obtain a pre-gallium oxide coating;
(4) Adding the magnesium alloy coated with the pre-gallium oxide coating into a smelting medium, wherein the smelting medium is over the magnesium alloy, raising the temperature to a preset temperature at a constant speed, preserving heat, smelting, cleaning the smelting medium on the surface, and grinding, polishing, cleaning and drying the smelting medium to obtain the magnesium alloy with the surface treated.
The magnesium alloy in the step (1) is magnesium-aluminum-zinc magnesium alloy, magnesium-zinc magnesium alloy or rare earth magnesium alloy.
Preferably, the magnesium-aluminum-zinc magnesium alloy is AZ31 magnesium alloy or AZ91 magnesium alloy, the magnesium-zinc magnesium alloy is Mg-Zn magnesium alloy or ZK60 magnesium alloy, and the rare earth magnesium alloy is Mg-4.5Nd-0.5Zn-1Zr magnesium alloy.
The mechanical stirring speed of the step (2) is 1200-1500 r/min, the oxidation reaction time is 10-15 h, and the viscosity of the pre-oxidized gallium is 150-200mPa.s.
The thickness of the pre-oxidized gallium coating in the step (3) is 10-50 μm.
The smelting medium in the step (4) is methyl silicone oil, high-temperature chain oil, high-temperature heat conduction oil, polyester Oil (POE), poly Alpha Olefin (PAO) or polyphenyl-diphenyl ether, and the depth of the magnesium alloy submerged by the smelting medium is 2-5 cm.
The preset temperature in the step (4) is not higher than the boiling point of the smelting medium.
The preset temperature is 200-230 ℃, and the heat preservation smelting time is 4-24 h.
The principle of delaying the degradation rate of the magnesium alloy is as follows: the higher the corrosion potential represents the smaller the corrosion tendency, the lower the corrosion current density indicates the slower the material corrodes, the internal cause of corrosion of magnesium alloy is the low electrochemical potential (-2.37V) of magnesium metal, while the electrochemical potential of gallium is (-0.55V), which is much higher than that of magnesium, thus improving the corrosion resistance of the surface by alloying gallium with magnesium; and secondly, compared with magnesium alloy, the exposed high-activity magnesium sites on the surface of the gallium-magnesium alloy layer are obviously reduced, so that the corrosion of the magnesium alloy is relieved, and the prepared gallium-magnesium alloy layer can protect the lower magnesium alloy matrix from being corroded.
The beneficial effects of the invention are:
(1) The invention adopts mechanical stirring for preoxidized gallium oxide with the viscosity of 150-300mPa.s, enhances the adhesive force of liquid gallium and magnesium alloy matrix, is easy to coat and simplifies the process;
(2) According to the invention, methyl silicone oil, glycerol and other smelting media are adopted, so that oxidation in the alloying process can be avoided, and the prepared gallium-magnesium alloy layer has the characteristics of good corrosion resistance and wear resistance;
(3) According to the invention, liquid metal gallium is adopted to form the surface alloy, the gallium is easy to alloy with metal, and is non-toxic and rational, and the generated intermetallic compound can effectively solve the problem of high degradation rate of the magnesium alloy;
(4) The gallium-magnesium alloy alloying layer has good binding force with a magnesium alloy matrix, can effectively improve the surface strength of the magnesium alloy and the wear resistance and corrosion resistance of the surface of the magnesium alloy, obtains alloying layers with different thicknesses by adjusting the alloying time, and further controls the degradation rate of the magnesium alloy, so that the gallium-magnesium alloy alloying layer is suitable for the growth and healing of different bones.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is SEM and EDS images of medical magnesium alloy alloyed with gallium for 12h in example 1;
FIG. 2 is an XRD pattern of medical magnesium alloy alloyed with gallium for 12 hours in example 1;
FIG. 3 is a Tafel plot of the medical magnesium alloy in example 1 as it is, alloyed with gallium for 12 h;
FIG. 4 is SEM and EDS pictures of an AZ31 magnesium alloy alloyed with gallium for 12h in example 2;
FIG. 5 is an XRD pattern of an AZ31 magnesium alloy alloyed with gallium for 12 hours in example 2;
FIG. 6 is a Tafel plot of the AZ31 magnesium alloy as such, alloyed with gallium for 12h test in example 2;
FIG. 7 is SEM and EDS pictures of ZK60 magnesium alloy alloyed with gallium for 24h in example 3;
FIG. 8 is an XRD pattern of the ZK60 magnesium alloy alloyed with gallium for 24h in example 3;
FIG. 9 is a Tafel plot of the ZK60 magnesium alloy as such, alloyed with gallium for 12h test in example 3.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to specific embodiments, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the description.
Example 1: a method for delaying the degradation rate of magnesium alloy comprises the following specific steps:
(1) The surface of the magnesium alloy is sequentially polished by metallographic abrasive paper of 400 meshes, 800 meshes, 1200 meshes and 2000 meshes to remove surface pollutants; polishing to a mirror surface, cleaning with ethanol, and drying to obtain a pretreated magnesium alloy; wherein the magnesium alloy comprises, by mass, nd4.5%, zn0.5%, zr1%, and the balance Mg;
(2) Heating liquid metal gallium to 30 ℃, and carrying out mechanical stirring and pre-oxidation reaction for 12 hours at the rotating speed of 1300r/min to obtain pre-oxidized gallium; the viscosity of the pre-gallium oxide is 220mPa.s;
(3) Coating the pre-gallium oxide on the surface of the pretreated magnesium alloy to obtain a pre-gallium oxide coating; the thickness of the pre-gallium oxide coating is 30 mu m;
(4) Adding the magnesium alloy coated with the pre-gallium oxide coating into a smelting medium (methyl silicone oil), wherein the depth of the smelting medium submerging the magnesium alloy is 4cm, raising the temperature to 220 ℃ at a constant speed, and carrying out heat preservation smelting for 12 hours to alloy the magnesium alloy;
(5) After cooling the smelting medium (methyl silicone oil), taking out the alloy, cleaning the smelting medium (methyl silicone oil) on the surface by using an ethanol sodium hydroxide solution with the concentration of 1mol/L, polishing the alloy by using 2000-mesh abrasive paper until the surface of the alloy is a mirror surface, cleaning the alloy by using ethanol, and drying the alloy to obtain the magnesium alloy with the surface treated;
the SEM and EDS diagrams of medical magnesium alloy and gallium are shown in figure 1, as can be seen from figure 1, the approximate range of an alloy layer is 140-190 mu m when methyl silicone oil is used as a smelting medium for alloying a sample for 12 hours, and the distribution state of gallium and magnesium elements can be observed by a line scanning diagram; the XRD pattern of medical magnesium alloy alloyed with gallium for 12h is shown in figure 2, and from figure 2, gallium is alloyed with magnesium to form an intermetallic compound; magnesium alloy for medical use as such, andthe Tafel plot of the gallium alloying 12h test is shown in FIG. 3, and from FIG. 3, the corrosion resistance test of the sample in SBF shows that the corrosion current density is changed from 0.589mA/cm 2 The reduction is 0.182mA/cm 2 The corrosion voltage increased from-1.31V to-1.15V, indicating a reduced degradation rate of the magnesium alloy.
Example 2: a method for delaying the degradation rate of magnesium alloy comprises the following specific steps:
(1) Sequentially polishing the surface of a magnesium alloy (AZ 31 magnesium alloy) by using 400-mesh, 800-mesh, 1200-mesh and 2000-mesh metallographic abrasive paper to remove surface pollutants; polishing to a mirror surface, cleaning with ethanol, and drying to obtain a pretreated magnesium alloy; wherein, the magnesium alloy (AZ 31 magnesium alloy) comprises 3.0 percent of Al3, 0.8 percent of ZnOz and the balance of Mg;
(2) Heating liquid metal gallium to 35 ℃, and performing mechanical stirring and pre-oxidation reaction for 15 hours at the rotating speed of 1400r/min to obtain pre-oxidized gallium; the viscosity of the pre-gallium oxide is 280mpa.s;
(3) Coating the pre-gallium oxide on the surface of the pretreated magnesium alloy to obtain a pre-gallium oxide coating; the thickness of the pre-gallium oxide coating is 50 μm;
(4) Adding the magnesium alloy coated with the pre-gallium oxide coating into a smelting medium (polyester oil POE), wherein the depth of the smelting medium submerging the magnesium alloy is 3cm, raising the temperature to 210 ℃ at a constant speed, and carrying out heat preservation smelting for 12h to alloy the magnesium alloy;
(5) After cooling the smelting medium (polyester oil POE), taking out the alloy, cleaning the smelting medium (polyester oil POE) on the surface by using an ethanol sodium hydroxide solution with the concentration of 1mol/L, polishing the alloy to a mirror surface by using 2000-mesh abrasive paper, cleaning the alloy by using ethanol, and drying to obtain the magnesium alloy with the surface treated;
SEM and EDS diagrams of AZ31 magnesium alloy and gallium are shown in figure 4, as can be seen from figure 4, a sample alloyed for 12 hours by taking POE (polyester oil polyolefin) as a smelting medium has an alloy layer approximately ranging from 250 to 300 micrometers, and the distribution of gallium and magnesium elements can be observed by a line scanning diagram; the XRD pattern of AZ31 magnesium alloy alloyed with gallium for 12h is shown in figure 5, and from figure 5, it can be seen that gallium alloyed with magnesium forms intermetallic compounds; the Tafel plot of the AZ31 magnesium alloy as-is and gallium alloying 12h test is shown in FIG. 6As can be seen from FIG. 6, the corrosion resistance test of the sample in SBF shows that the corrosion current density is changed from 0.724mA/cm 2 The reduction is 0.178mA/cm 2 The corrosion voltage is increased from-1.52V to-0.42V, which shows that the degradation rate of the magnesium alloy is reduced and the corrosion resistance is improved.
Example 3: a method for delaying the degradation rate of magnesium alloy comprises the following specific steps:
(1) The surface of the magnesium alloy (ZK 60 magnesium alloy) is sequentially polished by metallographic abrasive paper of 400 meshes, 800 meshes, 1200 meshes and 2000 meshes to remove surface pollutants; polishing to a mirror surface, cleaning with ethanol, and drying to obtain a pretreated magnesium alloy; wherein, the components of the magnesium alloy (ZK 60 magnesium alloy) are Zn5.32 percent, zr0.1 percent and the rest is Mg by mass percent;
(2) Heating liquid metal gallium to 40 ℃, and performing mechanical stirring and pre-oxidation reaction for 10 hours at the rotating speed of 1500r/min to obtain pre-oxidized gallium; the viscosity of the pre-gallium oxide is 160mPa.s;
(3) Coating the pre-gallium oxide on the surface of the pretreated magnesium alloy to obtain a pre-gallium oxide coating; the thickness of the pre-gallium oxide coating is 40 μm;
(4) Adding the magnesium alloy coated with the pre-gallium oxide coating into a smelting medium (poly alpha olefin (PAO)), wherein the depth of the smelting medium submerging the magnesium alloy is 5cm, raising the temperature to 230 ℃ at a constant speed, and carrying out heat preservation smelting for 12h to alloy the magnesium alloy;
(5) Cooling the smelting medium (poly-alpha-olefin PAO), taking out the alloy, cleaning the smelting medium (poly-alpha-olefin PAO) on the surface by using an ethanol sodium hydroxide solution with the concentration of 1mol/L, polishing the alloy by using 2000-mesh abrasive paper until the alloy is in a mirror surface state, cleaning the alloy by using ethanol, and drying the alloy to obtain the magnesium alloy with the surface treated;
the SEM and EDS images of the ZK60 magnesium alloy alloyed with gallium for 12h are shown in figure 7, from figure 7, the sample alloyed with polyalphaolefin PAO for 12h is known, the approximate range of the alloy layer is 400-500 μm, and the distribution condition of gallium and magnesium elements can be observed by a line scan; the XRD pattern of ZK60 magnesium alloy alloyed with gallium for 12h is shown in FIG. 8, and it can be seen from FIG. 8 that gallium was alloyed with magnesium to form an intermetallic compound; the Tafel plot of the ZK60 magnesium alloy as it is and the gallium alloying for 12h is shown in FIG. 9, and it can be seen from FIG. 9The corrosion resistance test of the sample in SBF shows that the corrosion current density is changed from the original 0.076mA/cm 2 The reduction is 0.040mA/cm 2 The corrosion voltage is increased from-1.49V to-0.28V, which shows that the degradation rate of the magnesium alloy is reduced and the corrosion resistance is improved.
While the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the specific embodiments thereof, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and various changes can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention within the knowledge of those skilled in the art.
Claims (8)
1. A method for delaying the degradation rate of magnesium alloy is characterized by comprising the following specific steps:
(1) Sequentially grinding, polishing, cleaning and drying the surface of the magnesium alloy to obtain a pretreated magnesium alloy;
(2) Heating liquid metal gallium to 30-40 ℃, and mechanically stirring for preoxidation reaction to obtain preoxidized gallium;
(3) Coating pre-gallium oxide on the surface of the pretreated magnesium alloy to obtain a pre-gallium oxide coating;
(4) Adding the magnesium alloy coated with the pre-gallium oxide coating into a smelting medium, wherein the magnesium alloy is submerged by the smelting medium, heating to a preset temperature at a constant speed, smelting at a heat preservation state, cleaning the smelting medium on the surface, and grinding, polishing, cleaning and drying the smelting medium to obtain the magnesium alloy with the surface treated.
2. The method for retarding the degradation rate of magnesium alloy according to claim 1, wherein: the magnesium alloy in the step (1) is magnesium-aluminum-zinc magnesium alloy, magnesium-zinc magnesium alloy or rare earth magnesium alloy.
3. The method for retarding the degradation rate of magnesium alloy according to claim 2, wherein: the magnesium-aluminum-zinc magnesium alloy is AZ31 magnesium alloy or AZ91 magnesium alloy, the magnesium-zinc magnesium alloy is Mg-Zn magnesium alloy or ZK60 magnesium alloy, and the rare earth magnesium alloy is Mg-4.5Nd-0.5Zn-1Zr magnesium alloy.
4. The method for retarding the degradation rate of the magnesium alloy according to claim 1, wherein: the mechanical stirring speed of the step (2) is 1200-1500 r/min, the oxidation reaction time is 10-15 h, and the viscosity of the pre-oxidized gallium is 150-300mPa.
5. The method for retarding the degradation rate of magnesium alloy according to claim 1, wherein: the thickness of the pre-oxidized gallium coating in the step (3) is 10-50 μm.
6. The method for retarding the degradation rate of magnesium alloy according to claim 1, wherein: the smelting medium in the step (4) is methyl silicone oil, high-temperature chain oil, high-temperature heat conduction oil, polyester Oil (POE), poly Alpha Olefin (PAO) or polyphenyl-diphenyl ether, and the depth of the smelting medium submerging the magnesium alloy is 2-5 cm.
7. The method for retarding the degradation rate of the magnesium alloy according to claim 1, wherein: and (4) the preset temperature of the step (4) is not higher than the boiling point of the smelting medium.
8. The method for retarding degradation rate of magnesium alloy according to claim 7, wherein: the preset temperature is 200-230 ℃, and the heat preservation smelting time is 4-24 h.
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