CN115745452B - Concrete anti-cracking material, preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Concrete anti-cracking material, preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN115745452B CN115745452B CN202111026153.XA CN202111026153A CN115745452B CN 115745452 B CN115745452 B CN 115745452B CN 202111026153 A CN202111026153 A CN 202111026153A CN 115745452 B CN115745452 B CN 115745452B
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- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of concrete additives, and particularly discloses a concrete anti-cracking material, a preparation method thereof and application thereof in concrete anti-cracking. The concrete anti-cracking material consists of anion exchange resin and a cement hydration temperature rise inhibiting material adsorbed in the anion exchange resin, on one hand, the total early heat release amount of the concrete can be well reduced, the hydration reaction rate is reduced, and therefore, the highest temperature rise in the concrete is reduced, and the temperature difference between the inside and the outside of the concrete is reduced, so that the shrinkage crack of the temperature of the concrete is reduced; on the other hand, the self-shrinkage cracks of the concrete can be reduced by carrying out internal curing in the concrete. The aim of reducing the cracking risk of the concrete is achieved through double regulation and control of temperature shrinkage and drying self-shrinkage. The concrete anti-cracking material provided by the invention has the advantages of convenience in raw material sources, simple preparation method, convenience in use, capability of realizing target performance with low doping amount, and convenience in large-scale popularization and application.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of concrete additives, and particularly discloses a concrete anti-cracking material, a preparation method thereof and application thereof in concrete anti-cracking.
Background
The problem of concrete cracking is a significant problem that needs to be faced in the field of civil engineering, especially in the current large-scale engineering field. The occurrence of concrete cracks does not cause great damage to the overall structural strength in a short time, but the existence of the cracks accelerates the invasion speed of water and harmful substances, and reduces the durability and long-term service life of the overall engineering. Concrete temperature deformation cracks and self-drying shrinkage cracks are two common concrete cracks.
For temperature deformation cracks caused by tensile stress exceeding the limit due to large temperature difference between the inside and outside of the concrete, two modes of paving a cooling water pipe and adding a hydration heat inhibiting material capable of regulating and controlling the hydration rate of the cement are mainly adopted at present. The self-drying shrinkage is caused by the decrease of the internal relative humidity due to the consumption of the internal moisture by the chemical shrinkage, and thus, the self-drying shrinkage crack treatment caused by the decrease of the internal humidity can be classified into the early-stage and the late-stage treatments; the pre-treatment comprises adding super absorbent resin, ceramsite and other internal curing materials in the mixing process of concrete, and the post-treatment comprises water spraying, curing agent spraying, curing cloth covering and the like.
At present, a plurality of reports of additives for inhibiting concrete cracking exist, however, most of the existing anti-cracking materials are single-function materials aiming at temperature deformation cracks or self-drying shrinkage cracks, only one cause of the cracks can be regulated and controlled, and only a small amount of the existing anti-cracking materials are double-function materials. For example, patent document CN 110964149a discloses a preparation method of a cement hydration heat regulating material with an internal curing function, wherein the hydration heat regulating material is connected with a water-absorbing monomer molecular chain with the internal curing function through an addition reaction by using dextrin and starch which are materials with the hydration regulating function, so that the cement hydration regulating function is achieved in the early stage, the interior of concrete can be continuously cured in the later stage, and the generation of cracks is reduced. As another example, patent document CN 108341611a discloses a hydration heat regulating composition, and a preparation method and application thereof, the hydration heat regulating composition mainly comprises cationic acrylic resin, amino resin, epoxy phosphate, tartaric acid and modified diatomite, and the cement hydration heat inhibiting composition provided in patent document CN 108483972a mainly comprises a boron phenolic/acrylic resin blend, epoxy phosphate, tartaric acid and modified diatomite; both can effectively inhibit the release of hydration heat, regulate and control the hydration speed of different stages in the cement hydration process to different degrees, thereby achieving the effect of reducing the total heat release in early stage; meanwhile, the generation of hydration heat can be continuously reduced, the phenomenon of concrete cracking can be effectively reduced, and the durability and the safety of the concrete member are improved. As further patent document CN 111662037a, a concrete retarder and a preparation method thereof are disclosed, the concrete retarder is prepared from the following raw materials: 3-6 parts of modified microcrystalline cellulose, 1-3 parts of acrylic acid, 8-12 parts of modified glass fiber, 5-10 parts of borax, 6-10 parts of polyvinyl chloride resin, 2-4 parts of anhydrous sodium sulfate, 3-5 parts of quartz sand, 8-12 parts of sodium tripolyphosphate and 1-3 parts of carboxymethyl cellulose; the concrete retarder has good heat absorption and heat dissipation, can absorb hydration heat produced by concrete, and enables the concrete and the external environment to form good heat exchange effect, so that hydration heat produced in the concrete is emitted; the hydration of cement in the concrete is inhibited, and the retarder has a stronger retarding effect; meanwhile, the concrete has good strength, and has small influence on the strength and the anti-scouring performance of the concrete.
However, in the above reports on studies of bifunctional materials, there are the following drawbacks: one is that the existing adsorption materials mostly adopt a physical adsorption mode, mainly caused by intermolecular attraction, and the existing retarder has a relatively high dissolution rate in water, and the desorption rate and the dissolution rate of the existing retarder are directly proportional in the simple physical adsorption, so that the controllable release of the retarder is difficult to realize. Secondly, the difunctional materials are generally synthesized through chemical reaction or are compounded and mixed by a plurality of components, the components of the samples obtained through compounding are complex, the particle size difference is large, the phenomena of non-uniformity and enrichment are easy to occur, the difunctional materials are not suitable for large-scale industrialized use, and the preparation process is complex. The third is that the partial hydration heat regulating material is prepared by hydrolysis or high temperature gelatinization modification of starch or dextrin material, the hydration temperature rise regulating performance in the actual concrete structure can only control the induction period of hydration heat release, the reaction controllability is not high, the acid and alkali dosage is large under the reaction condition, the pollution is serious, and more salt substances are easy to remain to influence the later-stage performance.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the defects and the problems of concrete cracks in the prior art, the invention aims to provide the concrete anti-cracking material with the dual functions of internal curing and hydration temperature rise inhibition, which can well reduce the total early heat release amount of concrete and reduce the hydration reaction rate, thereby reducing the highest temperature rise in the concrete and reducing the internal and external temperature difference of the concrete so as to reduce the shrinkage cracks of the concrete in temperature; and the self-shrinkage cracks of the concrete are reduced by internal curing inside the concrete. The aim of reducing the cracking risk of the concrete is achieved through double regulation and control of temperature shrinkage and drying self-shrinkage.
In order to achieve the aim of the invention, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a concrete anti-cracking material is composed of anion exchange resin and cement hydration temperature rise inhibiting material adsorbed in the anion exchange resin.
Further, in the concrete anti-cracking material, the mass percentage of the anion exchange resin in the cement hydration temperature rise inhibition material is 10-50%.
Further, the cement hydration temperature rise inhibiting material is at least one selected from boric acid, a retarder containing carboxylic acid groups, a retarder of phosphate, a retarder of metaphosphate and a retarder of organic phosphoric acid.
Further, the retarder containing carboxylic acid groups can be any one or a mixture of at least two of citric acid, malic acid, tartaric acid and salicylic acid; the phosphate retarder may be methylene phosphoric acid; the organic phosphoric retarder can be any one or a mixture of at least two of methylene phosphonic acid derivatives, amino trimethylene phosphonic acid, ethylenediamine tetramethylene phosphonic acid and hydroxy ethylene diphosphonic acid.
Further, the anion exchange resin may be any one of a strongly basic anion exchange resin, a weakly basic anion exchange resin, or a mixture of both; such as, but not limited to, D301, D201, etc., any commercially available anion exchange resin can be freely selected by those skilled in the art.
The invention provides a preparation method of the concrete anti-cracking material, which comprises the following steps: placing anion exchange resin into water solution of cement hydration temperature rise inhibiting material, making cement hydration temperature rise inhibiting material fully adsorb on anion exchange resin by means of ion exchange action, then separating and drying so as to obtain the invented concrete anticracking material.
The invention also aims at providing the application of the concrete anti-cracking material, which is characterized in that the concrete anti-cracking material is added into the concrete according to the adding amount of 0.1-1% of the total mass of the glue material in the pre-added concrete.
The ion exchange resin is a polymer compound having a network structure and being insoluble, and having a functional group (an active group for exchanging ions). By a reversible chemical reaction between ions in the resin and ions in the solution, certain ions in the solution are adsorbed by the ion exchange resin when preferred by the ion exchange resin. Later stage under certain conditions, the pre-adsorbed ions can be desorbed by competitive adsorption. The invention adsorbs anions and desorbs them under alkaline condition by anion exchange resin, and the two are bonded together by ionic bond, then the hydration temperature rise inhibiting material is desorbed in the cement paste under alkaline condition, to realize the controllable desorption effect of the hydration temperature rise inhibiting material, and realize the regulation of cement hydration rate. Meanwhile, the anion exchange resin also has stronger water absorption, the water absorption capacity can reach more than 10 times of the autogenous quality, and the anion exchange resin can be used as an internal maintenance material for regulating and controlling the internal humidity of the later-stage cement. Therefore, the dual regulation and control of the self-drying effect and the temperature deformation are realized, and the concrete anti-cracking material with dual functions of internal curing and hydration temperature rise inhibition is obtained.
The concrete anti-cracking material adopts anion exchange resin as an adsorption material of a cement hydration temperature rise inhibition material, and can exchange self ions with ions in a solution by utilizing the ion exchange in the solution, wherein the release process of the ion exchange must be carried out again, and the adsorption process is completely different from physical adsorption; in addition, the anion exchange resin is adopted in the invention, and the strong water absorption of the anion exchange resin is utilized and the anion exchange resin is also used as a water absorbing material to realize good internal maintenance. The anion exchange resin is firstly adsorbed with the cement hydration temperature rise inhibition material to form a concrete anti-cracking material, and then applied to concrete, and the anion exchange resin can play a role without directly producing physical actions such as wrapping with components in the concrete.
Compared with the prior art, the concrete anti-cracking material with the dual functions of internal curing and hydration temperature rise inhibition has the following advantages:
(1) The concrete anti-cracking material provided by the invention can double regulate and control the reasons of the concrete cracking problem caused by two major self-drying effect and temperature deformation, thereby realizing the anti-cracking effect; specifically, the slow release of the material can be restrained through the hydration temperature rise of the cement loaded on the anion exchange resin in the early stage, the hydration rate in the cement hydration process is regulated and controlled, the hydration temperature rise is restrained, and the problem of concrete cracks caused by temperature deformation is reduced; the anion exchange resin used as the load material has higher water absorption, and can continuously carry out internal maintenance on the inside of the concrete in the later period so as to improve the humidity of the inside of the matrix, reduce the concrete cracks caused by the self-drying effect, and finally improve the durability and the safety of the target concrete material through double functions.
(2) The concrete anti-cracking material provided by the invention can easily regulate and control the types, the loading capacity and the water content of the hydration temperature rise inhibiting material loaded by the anion exchange resin, thereby realizing the regulation of indexes such as the concrete setting time, the workability, the internal maintenance water release amount and the like.
(3) The concrete anti-cracking material provided by the invention has the advantages of convenience in raw material sources, simple preparation method, convenience in use, capability of realizing target performance with low doping amount, and convenience in large-scale popularization and application.
Detailed Description
For a better understanding of the present invention, the following examples are provided to further illustrate the present invention, but are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. Rather, these embodiments are provided to explain the principles of the invention and its practical application so that others skilled in the art will be able to understand the invention for various embodiments and with various modifications as are suited to the particular use contemplated.
It should be noted that the terms "comprises" and "comprising," along with any variations thereof, in the description and claims of this application are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, or article of manufacture that comprises a list of steps or elements is not necessarily limited to those steps or elements expressly listed but may include other steps or elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, or article of manufacture.
In various embodiments of the present invention, a variety of concrete crack resistant materials of different proportions and compositions are provided. In order to embody dual functions in two aspects of internal maintenance and hydration temperature rise inhibition when the anti-cracking material is applied to concrete, the anti-cracking material is applied to the preparation process of the concrete, and the properties of each obtained concrete test piece are measured.
If not specified, in the concrete used in the concrete anti-cracking material provided in each embodiment, the adopted cement is the field 52.5 cement, and the adding percentage of the concrete anti-cracking material is based on the mass of the glue in the concrete.
In the following embodiments of the present invention, the concrete mix ratio used in the test is: 275kg/m of cement 3 80kg/m of fly ash 3 80kg/m of mineral powder 3 River sand 741kg/m 3 Coarse aggregate 1065kg/m 3 155kg/m of water 3 The fly ash is first-grade fly ash, sand is middle sand with fineness modulus of 2.6, coarse aggregate is 4.75-16 mm continuous grading, and the material with internal curing function pre-absorbs water 3 times of the mass of resin.
Example 1
The preparation and application method of the concrete anti-cracking material with the dual functions of internal curing and hydration temperature rise inhibition comprises the following steps:
(1) 10g of boric acid and 1000g of water are mixed and stirred for 1h to form a uniform aqueous solution of hydration temperature rise inhibiting material.
(2) And (3) adding 100g of anion exchange resin D201 into the hydration temperature rise suppression material aqueous solution obtained in the step one, stirring for 1h, and filtering to obtain the concrete anti-cracking material with the dual functions of internal curing and hydration temperature rise suppression.
That is, the present embodiment provides a concrete crack resistant material composed of an anion exchange resin D201 and boric acid adsorbed in the anion exchange resin D201.
In order to test the cracking resistance of the obtained concrete cracking resistance material, the material is respectively added into concrete according to the mass of 0.1%, 0.2%, 0.4%, 0.6% and 1.0% of the concrete gel material to obtain five groups of cracking resistance concrete test pieces.
Example 2
The preparation and application method of the concrete anti-cracking material with the dual functions of internal curing and hydration temperature rise inhibition comprises the following steps:
(1) 30g of boric acid and 600g of water were mixed and stirred for 1 hour to form a uniform aqueous solution of the hydration-temperature-rise suppressing material.
(2) And (3) adding 100g of anion exchange resin D201 into the hydration temperature rise suppression material aqueous solution obtained in the step one, stirring for 1h, and filtering to obtain the concrete anti-cracking material with internal curing and hydration temperature rise suppression functions.
That is, the present embodiment provides a concrete crack resistant material composed of an anion exchange resin D201 and boric acid adsorbed in the anion exchange resin D201.
In order to test the cracking resistance of the obtained concrete cracking resistance material, the material is added into concrete according to the mass of 0.2% of the concrete gel material to obtain an cracking resistance concrete test piece.
Example 3
The preparation and application method of the concrete anti-cracking material with the dual functions of internal curing and hydration temperature rise inhibition comprises the following steps:
(1) 50g of boric acid and 1000g of water are mixed and stirred for 1h to form a uniform aqueous solution of hydration temperature rise inhibiting material.
(2) And (3) adding 100g of anion exchange resin D201 into the hydration temperature rise suppression material aqueous solution obtained in the step one, stirring for 1h, and filtering to obtain the concrete anti-cracking material with internal curing and hydration temperature rise suppression functions.
That is, the present embodiment provides a concrete crack resistant material composed of an anion exchange resin D201 and boric acid adsorbed in the anion exchange resin D201.
In order to test the cracking resistance of the obtained concrete cracking resistance material, the material is added into concrete according to the mass of 0.3% of the concrete gel material to obtain an cracking resistance concrete test piece.
Example 4
The preparation and application method of the concrete anti-cracking material with the dual functions of internal curing and hydration temperature rise inhibition comprises the following steps:
(1) 50g of boric acid and 1000g of water are mixed and stirred for 1h to form a uniform aqueous solution of hydration temperature rise inhibiting material.
(2) And (3) adding 100g of anion exchange resin D301 into the hydration temperature rise suppression material aqueous solution obtained in the step one, stirring for 1h, and filtering to obtain the concrete anti-cracking material with internal curing and hydration temperature rise suppression functions.
That is, the present embodiment provides a concrete crack resistant material composed of an anion exchange resin D301 and boric acid adsorbed in the anion exchange resin D301.
In order to test the cracking resistance of the obtained concrete cracking resistance material, the material is added into concrete according to the mass of 0.2% of the concrete gel material to obtain an cracking resistance concrete test piece.
Example 5
The preparation and application method of the concrete anti-cracking material with the dual functions of internal curing and hydration temperature rise inhibition comprises the following steps:
(1) 50g of aminotrimethylene phosphonic acid was mixed with 1000g of water and stirred for 1 hour to form a uniform aqueous solution of hydration temperature rise suppressing material.
(2) And (3) adding 100g of anion exchange resin D301 into the hydration temperature rise suppression material aqueous solution obtained in the step one, stirring for 1h, and filtering to obtain the concrete anti-cracking material with internal curing and hydration temperature rise suppression functions.
That is, the present embodiment provides a concrete crack resistant material composed of an anion exchange resin D301 and an aminotrimethylene phosphonic acid adsorbed in the anion exchange resin D301.
In order to test the cracking resistance of the obtained concrete cracking resistance material, the material is added into concrete according to the mass of 0.2% of the concrete gel material to obtain an cracking resistance concrete test piece.
Example 6
The preparation and application method of the concrete anti-cracking material with the dual functions of internal curing and hydration temperature rise inhibition comprises the following steps:
(1) 50g of citric acid and 1000g of water are mixed and stirred for 1h to form a uniform aqueous solution of hydration temperature rise inhibiting material.
(2) And (3) adding 100g of anion exchange resin D301 into the hydration temperature rise suppression material aqueous solution obtained in the step one, stirring for 1h, and filtering to obtain the concrete anti-cracking material with internal curing and hydration temperature rise suppression functions.
That is, the present embodiment provides a concrete crack resistant material composed of an anion exchange resin D301 and citric acid adsorbed in the anion exchange resin D301.
In order to test the cracking resistance of the obtained concrete cracking resistance material, the material is added into concrete according to the mass of 0.2% of the concrete gel material to obtain an cracking resistance concrete test piece.
In order to show the cracking effect of the concrete cracking material provided by the embodiments of the present invention when applied to concrete, the following comparative experiments were performed, which specifically include a blank experiment with the same concrete mix ratio but without any cracking material added, and two comparative experiments with the hydration heat regulating material disclosed in the prior art added as the cracking component.
Blank experiment
And (3) preparing a reference test piece according to the concrete mixing ratio.
Comparative example 1
A cement hydration heat controlling material was prepared as described in example 1 of patent document CN 110964149a, and a first comparative concrete sample was obtained with the cement hydration heat controlling material as an anti-crack component and with reference to the above concrete mix ratio.
Comparative example 2
A hydration heat controlling composition was prepared as described in example 1 of patent document CN 108341611a, and a second comparative concrete test piece was obtained with the hydration heat controlling composition as an anti-crack component and with reference to the above concrete mix ratio.
The concrete test pieces obtained in the above examples and comparative examples and the reference test pieces obtained in the blank experiments were tested using the following instruments, methods and standards:
the cement hydration heat release rate and the concrete adiabatic temperature rise were measured using a BY-ATC/JR adiabatic temperature rise instrument from Zhoushan Boyu technology development Co., ltd, and the initial adiabatic temperature rise test temperature was 20 ℃.
The compressive strength and setting time of the concrete are carried out by referring to GB/T50081-2002 standard of test method for mechanical Properties of ordinary concrete.
The self-shrinkage test adopts a prismatic test piece with the length of 25mm multiplied by 250mm, the dry shrinkage test piece is placed in a drying chamber with the relative humidity of 60+/-5 percent at 20+/-2 ℃, the self-shrinkage test piece is placed in a drying chamber with the relative humidity of 20+/-2 ℃, the self-shrinkage test piece is sealed by adopting self-adhesion aluminum foil, and the length deformation of the self-shrinkage test piece is measured by adopting a JDY-2 type universal length measuring instrument produced by Shanghai second optical instrument factory.
The maximum heat release rate peak reduction amplitude is used as a judging standard of the hydration regulation performance of the concrete anti-cracking material provided by the embodiments of the invention, and the larger the heat release rate peak reduction amplitude is under the same condition, the better the hydration regulation performance is indicated. The test method is performed with reference to GB/T2022-1980.
The test results obtained for each example, blank experiment and comparative example are shown in table 1 below.
Table 1 experimental data in different examples and comparative examples
As shown in table 1, compared with the blank experiment, the concrete anti-cracking material provided by the embodiment of the invention effectively delays the setting time, reduces the maximum hydration rate and obviously reduces the 14d self-shrinkage on the premise of ensuring that the compressive strength is not obviously reduced, which shows that the material has two effects of internal curing and cement hydration regulation. Meanwhile, compared with comparative examples 1 and 2, the effect angle of reducing the self-shrinkage effect and the effect angle of reducing the peak value of the maximum hydration rate is better in regulating and controlling effect even on the premise that the existing materials are used in larger amounts in comparative examples 1 and 2. It can be seen from table 1 that the concrete anti-cracking material provided by the invention can be prepared into anti-cracking materials with different internal curing and hydration heat inhibiting effects by adjusting the addition amount and the quality and the type of the load hydration temperature rise inhibiting material.
The foregoing has outlined and described the basic principles, features, and advantages of the present invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the foregoing embodiments, which have been described in the foregoing description merely illustrates the principles of the invention, and that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which is defined in the appended claims. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (6)
1. The concrete anti-cracking material is characterized by comprising anion exchange resin and a cement hydration temperature rise inhibition material adsorbed in the anion exchange resin;
the concrete anti-cracking material is prepared by the following preparation method: placing the anion exchange resin in the aqueous solution of the cement hydration temperature rise inhibiting material, enabling the cement hydration temperature rise inhibiting material to be fully adsorbed on the anion exchange resin through ion exchange, and then separating and drying to obtain the cement hydration temperature rise inhibiting material;
wherein the cement hydration temperature rise inhibiting material is at least one selected from boric acid, a retarder containing carboxylic acid groups, a phosphate retarder, a metaphosphate retarder and an organic phosphate retarder; the water absorption capacity of the anion exchange resin can reach more than 10 times of the self mass.
2. The concrete crack resistant material according to claim 1, wherein the anion exchange resin accounts for 10-50% of the cement hydration temperature rise suppression material by mass.
3. The concrete crack resistant material according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the retarder containing carboxylic acid groups is at least one selected from citric acid, malic acid, tartaric acid, salicylic acid; the phosphate retarder is methylene phosphoric acid; the organic phosphoric retarder is at least one selected from methylene phosphonic acid derivatives, amino trimethylene phosphonic acid, ethylenediamine tetramethylene phosphonic acid and hydroxy-phosphinic acid.
4. The concrete crack resistant material according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the anion exchange resin is selected from at least one of a strongly basic anion exchange resin and a weakly basic anion exchange resin.
5. A method for preparing the concrete crack resistant material according to any one of claims 1 to 4, comprising the steps of: placing anion exchange resin into aqueous solution of cement hydration temperature rise inhibiting material, making the cement hydration temperature rise inhibiting material fully adsorb on the anion exchange resin by means of ion exchange action, then separating and drying so as to obtain the invented concrete anticracking material.
6. The application of the concrete anti-cracking material according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the concrete anti-cracking material is added into concrete according to the addition amount of 0.1% -1% of the total mass of the glue material in the pre-added concrete.
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