CN115744820A - System for extracting and utilizing underground water ice resources and implementation method thereof - Google Patents
System for extracting and utilizing underground water ice resources and implementation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
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Abstract
The invention discloses an extraction and utilization system of an underground water ice resource and an implementation method thereof, wherein the system comprises: the device comprises a frozen soil drilling device, a water ice photo-thermal extraction device, a steam condensation and collection device, an oxyhydrogen decomposition device and a load platform; the ice-containing soil drilling device and the water ice photo-thermal extraction device are designed integrally; the ice-containing soil drilling device is connected with the steam condensing and collecting device through a steam pipeline; the steam condensing and collecting device is connected with the oxyhydrogen decomposition device through a liquid water pipeline; the ice-containing soil drilling device, the water ice photo-thermal extraction device, the steam condensation and collection device and the hydrogen-oxygen decomposition device are arranged on the load platform. The extraterrestrial water ice resource extraction and utilization system can be applied to extraterrestrial celestial body special extreme environments, and realizes efficient extraction and utilization of water ice resources.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the general technical field of spaceflight, and particularly relates to an underground water ice resource extraction and utilization system and an implementation method thereof.
Background
The in-situ acquisition and conversion utilization of water resources are key means for improving the deep space exploration capacity. With the continuous development of deep space exploration technology and the development of human exploration territory, the supply of matching material energy becomes a core problem. The traditional carrying mode is limited by carrying capacity and cost, is difficult to effectively support the development of future space tasks, needs to continuously reduce or even get rid of the dependence on the supply of earth material and energy, and the in-situ resource utilization technology becomes an important technical means. In-situ acquisition and conversion utilization of water resources is one of the main objectives of in-situ resource utilization. The dependence problem of deep space exploration activities on substances and energy can be effectively solved by acquiring and converting and utilizing the water resource in situ and in situ, and the deep space exploration activity capacity is improved.
However, the development and conversion of water resources on the surface of extraterrestrial celestial bodies such as moon, mars, asteroid and the like has higher threshold and higher difficulty. On one hand, due to the special extreme environment of the extraterrestrial celestial body, the vacuum (or low air pressure), low microgravity and the like are taken as main factors, which brings a series of new scientific and technical problems to the water ice extraction process. On the other hand, the water resource has complex existing form and distribution condition on the surface of the extraterrestrial celestial body, and has obvious uncertainty, and the detection, identification, extraction and collection difficulty is higher. Therefore, not only the technical problem needs to be solved, but also the water ice resource extraction and utilization process needs to be implemented on the surface of the extraterrestrial celestial body in the face of complex scientific problems and engineering implementation difficulties, and the technical approach is not clear.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical solution of the present invention is: the system and the implementation method thereof can be applied to the special extreme environment of the extraterrestrial celestial body to realize the efficient extraction and utilization of the water ice resources.
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention discloses an underground water ice resource extraction and utilization system, which comprises: the device comprises a frozen soil drilling device, a water ice photo-thermal extraction device, a steam condensation and collection device, an oxyhydrogen decomposition device and a load platform;
the drilling device for the ice-containing star soil and the water ice-light heat extraction device are integrally designed;
the ice-containing soil drilling device is connected with the steam condensing and collecting device through a steam pipeline;
the steam condensing and collecting device is connected with the oxyhydrogen decomposition device through a liquid water pipeline;
the ice-containing soil drilling device, the water ice photo-thermal extraction device, the steam condensation and collection device and the hydrogen-oxygen decomposition device are arranged on the load platform.
In the above-mentioned extraterrestrial water ice resource extraction and utilization system, the device is got to ice-containing star soil brill, includes: the device comprises a drilling tool, a controller, a star soil collecting cavity, sealing teeth, a steam outlet and a sliding track;
the interior of the drilling tool is of a hollow structure, and the exterior of the drilling tool is of a full-sealing structure;
one side of the controller is connected with the sliding track, and the other side of the controller is connected with the upper end of the drilling tool; the controller is used for controlling the rotation of the drilling tool and the movement of the drilling tool on the sliding track;
the lower part of the drilling tool is provided with a star soil collecting cavity, and the sealing teeth are directly connected with the star soil collecting cavity;
the steam outlet is positioned on the star soil collecting cavity and is connected with the steam pipeline.
In above-mentioned extraterrestrial water ice resource extraction and utilization system, water ice light heat extraction element includes: a condenser and an adjuster;
the condenser lens, the regulator and the drilling tool are designed integrally;
the adjuster is connected with the collecting lens and used for adjusting the inclination direction of the collecting lens.
In the above system for extracting and utilizing ice resource from the ground, the steam condensing and collecting device comprises: the device comprises a condenser, a water/ice collecting chamber, a radiation screen, a heat exchanger, a working medium circulating cavity and an exhaust valve;
the condenser is connected with the steam outlet through a steam pipeline;
the condenser is connected with the water/ice collecting chamber through a liquid pipeline and is provided with a control valve;
the condenser and the radiation screen are connected through a heat exchanger and carry out heat exchange;
a working medium circulation cavity is arranged on the outer side of the wall body of the condenser;
an exhaust valve is arranged on the condenser.
In the above system for extracting and utilizing ice resources from the surface, the oxyhydrogen decomposition device comprises: the device comprises a reactor, an optical/electrical input window, a water supply valve, a hydrogen storage tank and an oxygen storage tank;
the inlet of the reactor is connected with the water/ice collecting chamber through a liquid water pipeline, and the flow is controlled by a water supply valve;
the reactor is provided with an optical/electric input window;
the outlet of the reactor is respectively connected with a hydrogen storage tank and an oxygen storage tank.
In the system for extracting and utilizing the extraterrestrial water ice resources, the water decomposition reaction in the reactor is realized by two modes of photocatalysis or electrocatalysis.
In the above system for extracting and utilizing water ice resources outdoors, the method further comprises: a solar panel; the solar cell panel is arranged on the load platform and used for providing required electric energy or heat energy for the ice-containing soil drilling device, the water ice photo-thermal extraction device, the steam condensation and collection device and the hydrogen-oxygen decomposition device.
In the extraterrestrial water ice resource extraction and utilization system, a load is formed by the extraterrestrial water ice resource extraction and utilization system, and the in-situ extraction and utilization of the water ice resource are implemented on the surface of the extraterrestrial celestial body.
In the above-mentioned extraterrestrial water ice resource extraction and utilization system,
the device for drilling and taking the ice-containing star soil is used for obtaining the ice-containing star soil in an off-ground environment and comprises the steps of drilling and taking the ice-containing star soil, collecting and integrally sealing;
the water ice photo-thermal extraction device is used for photo-thermal output and water ice evaporation, and comprises solar energy convergence, photo-thermal conduction and steam transmission after water ice evaporation;
the steam condensing and collecting device is used for steam condensation and water ice collection, and comprises water steam condensation, liquid water directional transmission and water/ice collection and storage;
and the oxyhydrogen decomposition device is used for decomposing water into oxyhydrogen products, and comprises photoelectric conversion, oxyhydrogen decomposition and gas product storage.
Correspondingly, the invention also discloses an implementation method of the system for extracting and utilizing the underground water ice resources, which comprises the following steps:
driving the ice-containing star soil drilling device through solar thermoelectric conversion to enable the ice-containing star soil drilling device to drill in a water ice enrichment area on the surface of a star body, and inserting a sealing tooth into star surface soil in the drilling process to form self sealing; in the drilling process, a part of the star soil is extracted into a star soil collecting cavity;
the water ice-light heat extraction device receives the sunlight outside the ground or receives the sunlight reflected from other places; solar energy is converged into the hollow structure of the drilling tool through the condenser lens to heat the drilling tool;
the drilling tool conducts heat to the soil in the star soil collecting cavity and the ice-containing star soil layer to promote water ice to be heated and evaporated to generate steam;
discharging water vapor in the sealed ice-containing soil drilling device through a vapor outlet, and feeding the water vapor into a vapor condensing and collecting device along a vapor pipeline;
a condenser in the steam condensing and collecting device releases heat to the outside environment under the action of the heat exchanger and the radiation screen, so that steam is condensed into liquid water or solid ice and collected in the water/ice collecting chamber;
liquid water or solid ice is heated and then is conveyed into the hydrogen-oxygen decomposition device, water is decomposed in a reactor of the hydrogen-oxygen decomposition device in a photocatalysis or electrocatalysis mode to form hydrogen and oxygen, and the hydrogen and the oxygen are respectively stored in a hydrogen storage tank and an oxygen storage tank through an outlet of the reactor.
The invention has the following advantages:
(1) The invention discloses an underground water ice resource extraction and utilization system which is simple in system and compact in structure, can be used for efficiently extracting water ice resources on the surface of an underground celestial body, can greatly reduce the complexity of the system and the time transfer problem and improve the water ice resource extraction efficiency on one hand, and is low in overall quality and power consumption and good in implementability on the other hand.
(2) The invention discloses an underground water ice resource extraction and utilization system which can extract and utilize in-situ water ice resources on the surface of celestial bodies such as moon, mars, asteroid and the like, and can be further adaptively improved according to the unique characteristics of each planet. For example, when the moon shadow area is implemented, a light reflecting and condensing device can be arranged at the edge of the permanent shadow area to further obtain solar energy resources, or a photo-thermal device is changed into an electric heating device, so that small-scale water ice resources can be extracted and utilized in the moon shadow area; when the method is implemented on the surface of a mars, the influence of factors such as gravity change, external low-pressure environment and the like on the evaporation, transportation and condensation collection processes of water ice can be considered, and the internal treatment and improvement of a condensation device are carried out; when the micro-gravity type micro-planet carrier is implemented on the surface of a minor planet, all load devices can be anchored by considering the micro-gravity environment, the separation of gas phase and liquid phase and the collection of liquid phase under the micro-gravity are considered, and an active transportation mode and the like can be adopted.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an extraction and utilization system for an underground water ice resource in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a functional block diagram of an underground water ice resource extraction and utilization system in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of an ice-containing soil drilling device and a water ice-thermal extraction device in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a vapor condensing and collecting apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a hydrogen-oxygen decomposing device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
In this embodiment, the system for extracting and utilizing water and ice resources outside the ground can form a load, and extract and utilize water and ice resources in situ on the surface of the celestial body outside the ground. As shown in fig. 1, the extraterrestrial water ice resource extraction and utilization system comprises: the method comprises the following steps: the device comprises a frozen soil drilling device 1, a water ice photo-thermal extraction device 2, a steam condensation and collection device 3, an oxyhydrogen decomposition device 4 and a loading platform. Wherein the ice-containing soil drilling device 1 and the water ice-heat extraction device 2 are designed integrally; the ice-containing soil drilling device 1 is connected with the steam condensing and collecting device 3 through a steam pipeline; the steam condensing and collecting device 3 is connected with the oxyhydrogen decomposition device 4 through a liquid water pipeline; the ice-containing star soil drilling device 1, the water ice and light heat extraction device 2, the steam condensation and collection device 3 and the oxyhydrogen decomposition device 4 are arranged on a loading platform.
In the embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, the ice-containing star soil drilling device 1 is used for obtaining the ice-containing star soil in an off-ground environment, and comprises drilling, collecting and integrally sealing the ice-containing star soil. The water ice photo-thermal extraction device 2 is used for photo-thermal output and water ice evaporation, and comprises solar energy gathering, photo-thermal conduction and steam transmission after water ice evaporation. The steam condensing and collecting device 3 is used for steam condensation and water ice collection, and comprises water steam condensation, liquid water directional transmission and water/ice collection and storage. Oxyhydrogen decomposition device 4 for decomposing water into oxyhydrogen products, including photoelectric conversion, oxyhydrogen decomposition, and storage of gas products.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, the ice-containing soil drilling device 1 may specifically include: drilling tool 11, controller 12, star soil collection chamber 13, seal teeth 14, steam outlet 15 and slip track. Wherein, the interior of the drilling tool 11 is a hollow structure, and the exterior is a full-sealing structure; one side of the controller 12 is connected with the sliding track, the other side is connected with the upper end of the drilling tool 11, and the controller 12 can be used for controlling the rotation of the drilling tool 11 and the movement on the sliding track; the lower part of the drilling tool 11 is provided with a star soil collecting cavity 13, and the sealing teeth 14 are directly connected with the star soil collecting cavity 13; the steam outlet 15 is located on the star soil collection cavity 13 and is connected with the steam pipeline.
In the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, the water ice and heat extraction device 2 may specifically include: a condenser 21 and an adjuster 22. Wherein, the condenser 21, the adjuster 22 and the drilling tool 11 are designed integrally; the adjuster 22 is connected to the condenser lens 21 for adjusting the inclination direction of the condenser lens 21.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 4, the steam condensing and collecting device 3 may specifically include: condenser 31, water/ice collection chamber 32, radiation screen 33, heat exchanger 34, working medium circulation chamber 35 and exhaust valve 36. Wherein, the condenser 31 is connected with the steam outlet 15 through a steam pipeline; the condenser 31 and the water/ice collection chamber 32 are connected by a liquid line and provided with a control valve; the condenser 31 and the radiation screen 33 are connected and exchange heat through a heat exchanger 34; a working medium circulation cavity 35 is arranged on the outer side of the wall body of the condenser 31; the condenser 31 is provided with an exhaust valve 36.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 5, the oxyhydrogen decomposition device 4 may specifically include: a reactor 41, an optical/electrical input window 42, a water supply valve 43, a hydrogen storage tank 44, and an oxygen storage tank 45. Wherein the inlet of the reactor 41 is connected to the water/ice collecting chamber 32 through a liquid water line, and the flow rate is controlled by a water supply valve 43; the reactor 41 is provided with an optical/electrical input window 42; the outlet of the reactor 41 is connected to a hydrogen storage tank 44 and an oxygen storage tank 45, respectively. Preferably, the water splitting reaction in the reactor 41 can be realized by, but not limited to, photocatalysis or electrocatalysis.
In this embodiment, the system for extracting and utilizing water ice resources outside the ground may further include: a solar panel; wherein, the solar cell panel is arranged on the loading platform and is used for providing required electric energy or heat energy for the ice-containing soil drilling device 1, the water ice and light heat extraction device 2, the steam condensation and collection device 3 and the oxyhydrogen decomposition device 4.
In conclusion, the extraterrestrial water ice resource extraction and utilization system disclosed by the invention has at least the following advantages: the system is simple and compact in structure, can be used for efficiently extracting water ice resources on the surface of the extraterrestrial celestial body, can greatly reduce the complexity of the system and solve the time transfer problem and improve the extraction efficiency of the water ice resources on the one hand, and on the other hand, has low overall quality and power consumption and good implementability. The method can be implemented on the surfaces of celestial bodies such as moon, mars, asteroid and the like, and can be further adaptively improved according to the unique characteristics of each planet. For example, when the moon shadow area is implemented, a light reflecting and condensing device can be arranged at the edge of the permanent shadow area to further obtain solar energy resources, or a photo-thermal device is changed into an electric heating device, so that small-scale water ice resources can be extracted and utilized in the moon shadow area; when the condensation device is implemented on the surface of a spark, the influence of factors such as gravity change, external low-pressure environment and the like on the evaporation, transportation and condensation collection processes of water ice can be considered, and the condensation device is internally treated and improved; when the micro-gravity separation device is implemented on the surface of the asteroid, the microgravity environment is considered, all load devices can be anchored, the separation of vapor and liquid phases and the collection of liquid phases under the microgravity are considered, and an active transportation mode and the like can be adopted.
On the basis of the above embodiment, a specific implementation method of the above system for extracting and utilizing water ice resources outside the ground is described below, and the implementation flow is as follows:
driving the ice-containing star soil drilling device through solar thermoelectric conversion to enable the ice-containing star soil drilling device to drill in a water ice enrichment area on the surface of a star body, and inserting a sealing tooth into star surface soil during drilling to form self sealing; during the drilling process, a part of star soil is extracted into the star soil collecting cavity.
The water ice-light heat extraction device receives the sunlight outside the ground or receives the sunlight reflected from other places; the solar energy is gathered through the condenser and enters the hollow structure of the drilling tool to heat the drilling tool.
The drilling tool conducts heat to the soil in the star soil collecting cavity and the ice-containing star soil layer, so that water ice is heated and evaporated to generate steam.
And water vapor is discharged from a steam outlet in the sealed ice-containing soil drilling device and enters a steam condensing and collecting device along a steam pipeline.
The condenser in the steam condensing and collecting device releases heat to the ground environment under the action of the heat exchanger and the radiation screen, so that the steam is condensed into liquid water or solid ice which is collected in the water/ice collecting chamber.
Liquid water or solid ice is heated and then is conveyed into the hydrogen-oxygen decomposition device, water is decomposed in a reactor of the hydrogen-oxygen decomposition device in a photocatalysis or electrocatalysis mode to form hydrogen and oxygen, and the hydrogen and the oxygen are respectively stored in a hydrogen storage tank and an oxygen storage tank through an outlet of the reactor.
Although the present invention has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention, and those skilled in the art can make possible variations and modifications of the present invention using the method and the technical contents disclosed above without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and therefore, any simple modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present invention are all within the scope of the present invention.
Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the invention may be practiced without these specific details.
Claims (10)
1. An underground water ice resource extraction and utilization system, comprising: the device comprises a frozen soil drilling device (1), a water ice photo-thermal extraction device (2), a steam condensation and collection device (3), an oxyhydrogen decomposition device (4) and a load platform;
the ice-containing soil drilling device (1) and the water ice-heat extraction device (2) are designed integrally;
the ice-containing star soil drilling device (1) is connected with the steam condensing and collecting device (3) through a steam pipeline;
the steam condensing and collecting device (3) is connected with the oxyhydrogen decomposition device (4) through a liquid water pipeline;
the ice-containing soil drilling device (1), the water ice and light heat extraction device (2), the steam condensation and collection device (3) and the hydrogen and oxygen decomposition device (4) are arranged on a load platform.
2. An extraterrestrial water ice resource extraction and utilization system according to claim 1, wherein the ice-containing soil drilling device (1) comprises: the device comprises a drilling tool (11), a controller (12), a star soil collecting cavity (13), sealing teeth (14), a steam outlet (15) and a sliding track;
the interior of the drilling tool (11) is of a hollow structure, and the exterior of the drilling tool is of a full-sealing structure;
one side of the controller (12) is connected with the sliding track, and the other side is connected with the upper end of the drilling tool (11); the controller (12) is used for controlling the rotation of the drilling tool (11) and the movement on the sliding track;
a star soil collecting cavity (13) is formed in the lower portion of the drilling tool (11), and the sealing teeth (14) are directly connected with the star soil collecting cavity (13);
the steam outlet (15) is positioned on the star soil collecting cavity (13) and is connected with the steam pipeline.
3. An extraterrestrial water ice resource extraction and utilization system according to claim 2, wherein the water ice thermal extraction device (2) comprises: a condenser (21) and an adjuster (22);
the condenser lens (21), the regulator (22) and the drilling tool (11) are designed integrally;
the adjuster (22) is connected with the condenser lens (21) and is used for adjusting the inclination direction of the condenser lens (21).
4. An extraterrestrial water ice resource extraction and utilization system according to claim 3, wherein the steam condensing and collecting device (3) comprises: the device comprises a condenser (31), a water/ice collecting chamber (32), a radiation screen (33), a heat exchanger (34), a working medium circulating cavity (35) and an exhaust valve (36);
the condenser (31) is connected with the steam outlet (15) through a steam pipeline;
the condenser (31) is connected with the water/ice collecting chamber (32) through a liquid pipeline and is provided with a control valve;
the condenser (31) and the radiation screen (33) are connected through a heat exchanger (34) and carry out heat exchange;
a working medium circulation cavity (35) is arranged on the outer side of the wall body of the condenser (31);
an exhaust valve (36) is arranged on the condenser (31).
5. The extraterrestrial water ice resource extraction and utilization system according to claim 4, wherein the oxyhydrogen decomposition device (4) comprises: a reactor (41), a light/electricity input window (42), a water supply valve (43), a hydrogen storage tank (44), and an oxygen storage tank (45);
the inlet of the reactor (41) is connected with the water/ice collection chamber (32) through a liquid water pipeline, and the flow rate is controlled by a water supply valve (43);
the reactor (41) is provided with an optical/electric input window (42);
the outlet of the reactor (41) is connected with a hydrogen storage tank (44) and an oxygen storage tank (45) respectively.
6. The extraterrestrial water ice resource extraction and utilization system according to claim 5, wherein the water splitting reaction in the reactor (41) is achieved by both photocatalytic or electrocatalytic means.
7. The system for extracting and utilizing an extra-terrestrial water ice resource of claim 1, further comprising: a solar panel; the solar cell panel is arranged on the load platform and used for providing required electric energy or heat energy for the ice-containing soil drilling device (1), the water ice and light heat extraction device (2), the steam condensation and collection device (3) and the hydrogen-oxygen decomposition device (4).
8. The system for extracting and utilizing an extra-terrestrial water ice resource of claim 1, wherein the system forms a load to perform in-situ extraction and utilization of the water ice resource on the surface of an extra-terrestrial object.
9. The extraterrestrial water ice resource extraction and utilization system according to claim 1 or 8,
the device (1) for drilling and taking the ice-containing star soil is used for obtaining the ice-containing star soil in an off-ground environment and comprises the steps of drilling and taking the ice-containing star soil, collecting and integrally sealing;
the water ice photo-thermal extraction device (2) is used for photo-thermal output and water ice evaporation, and comprises solar energy convergence, photo-thermal conduction and steam transmission after the water ice evaporation;
the steam condensation and collection device (3) is used for steam condensation and water ice collection, and comprises water vapor condensation, liquid water directional transmission and water/ice collection and storage;
oxyhydrogen decomposition device (4) for decomposing water into oxyhydrogen products, including photoelectric conversion, oxyhydrogen decomposition, and storage of gas products.
10. An implementation method of the extraterrestrial water ice resource extraction and utilization system according to claim 1, comprising:
driving the ice-containing star soil drilling device through solar thermoelectric conversion to enable the ice-containing star soil drilling device to drill in a water ice enrichment area on the surface of a star body, and inserting a sealing tooth into star surface soil during drilling to form self sealing; in the drilling process, a part of star soil is extracted into a star soil collecting cavity;
the water ice-light heat extraction device receives the sunlight outside the ground or receives the sunlight reflected from other places; solar energy is converged into the hollow structure of the drilling tool through the condenser lens to heat the drilling tool;
the drilling tool conducts heat to the soil in the star soil collection cavity and the ice-containing star soil layer to promote water ice to be heated and evaporated to generate steam;
the water vapor is discharged from a steam outlet in the sealed ice-containing soil drilling device and enters a steam condensing and collecting device along a steam pipeline;
a condenser in the steam condensing and collecting device releases heat to the ground environment under the action of the heat exchanger and the radiation screen, so that steam is condensed into liquid water or solid ice and collected in the water/ice collecting chamber;
liquid water or solid ice is heated and then conveyed into the hydrogen-oxygen decomposition device, water is decomposed in a reactor of the hydrogen-oxygen decomposition device in a photocatalysis or electrocatalysis mode to form hydrogen and oxygen, and the hydrogen and the oxygen are respectively stored in a hydrogen storage tank and an oxygen storage tank through an outlet of the reactor.
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| CN108533267A (en) * | 2018-02-27 | 2018-09-14 | 中国空间技术研究院 | A kind of objects outside Earth surface water resource obtains drilling rig and trephination |
| CN113390669A (en) * | 2021-06-15 | 2021-09-14 | 中国空间技术研究院 | Ice star soil photothermal extraction device |
| CN114293938A (en) * | 2021-12-20 | 2022-04-08 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | System and method for exploiting and utilizing water ice in moon polar region shadow pit |
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