CN115740495A - Method for 3D printing of trabecular oral implant - Google Patents
Method for 3D printing of trabecular oral implant Download PDFInfo
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for 3D printing of a trabecular bone oral implant, which comprises an implant matrix and a trabecular bone porous structure which are integrally formed; the bone trabecula porous structure is positioned in the axial middle section of the implant matrix; the implant matrix is provided with external threads. The printing method comprises the following steps: obtaining an oral implant 3D model with a trabecular bone porous structure through three-dimensional design software; performing molding manufacturing, sand blasting and annealing treatment by using an SLM (selective laser melting) technology to obtain a primary bone trabecula oral implant product; and forming a tantalum metal coating on the surface of the primary trabecular bone oral implant product by utilizing a vapor deposition technology to obtain the trabecular bone oral implant with the tantalum coating. The trabecular bone oral implant obtained by the method has high density and mechanical strength, is beneficial to the implant to exert good repairing effect, and has good application prospect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of oral implants, in particular to a method for 3D printing of a trabecular bone oral implant.
Background
Tantalum, a rare transition metal, is a grayish blue, high density, hard material, chemically stable, difficult to react with other substances in the organism, inert, and insoluble in water and acidic environments. In addition, no chemical reaction takes place at room temperature. The metal tantalum and the oxide, nitride and the like thereof can promote cell adhesion, proliferation and differentiation, prolong the service life of the implant in organisms, and reduce the problems of mismatch of mechanical properties of the interface between the implant and the organisms and the like.
The patent publication No. CN109261958 provides a preparation method of a medical porous material with a tantalum coating on the surface, the adopted low-temperature diffusion sintering technology needs to carry out heating treatment for a long time, and the heating temperature is higher than the phase change point of the material, so that the microstructure of the medical porous material is easily influenced, and the mechanical property of an implant is influenced. The patent publication No. CN113289057A coats a tantalum coating on an orthopedic implant material by a laser cladding method, but the tantalum coating formed by the technology has certain pores, is low in bonding strength with a substrate, cannot form a three-dimensional through porous structure, cannot completely coat the whole titanium alloy substrate, and the substrate material still has the risk of ion precipitation.
The Jieshi tantalum trabecular oral implant is characterized in that a carbon skeleton trabecular structure is obtained by utilizing a foaming principle, then tantalum metal is deposited on the carbon skeleton structure by adopting a chemical vapor deposition technology, a carbon skeleton is evaporated and vaporized at high temperature to obtain a tantalum metal trabecular structure, and finally the tantalum metal trabecular structure is assembled with a titanium alloy substrate, and the substrate is tightly connected with a porous structure by adopting a diffusion welding technology. The oral implant bears the rotating force of an instrument in the implantation process, the static occlusal force after implantation and long-term fatigue load in the life cycle, the trabecular bone of the oral implant is of a non-compact structure, the strength is weaker, the long-term stability is influenced, meanwhile, the bonding force of a welding structure is inferior to that of an integrated structure, the overall performance of the implant is influenced, the process is complex, the processes are multiple, and the cost is higher.
Patent publication No. CN 111494035A discloses a trabecular bone porous tantalum dental implant and a preparation method thereof, the scheme adopts pure tantalum or tantalum alloy material, the strength is about 300Mpa, and the service life of the implant is low; the cost is high. The titanium alloy (the strength is approximately equal to 950 Mpa) can improve the strength and reduce the cost, but has the problem of human body adaptability and is difficult to realize close connection with the bone of an affected part.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the problems existing in the combination of the existing oral implant and trabecular bone, and provides a method for 3D printing of the trabecular bone oral implant.
According to the method for 3D printing of the trabecular bone oral implant, the oral implant constructed in S1 and S2 comprises two parts, namely implant structural design and trabecular bone structural design. The structure of the implant matrix is designed to control key size parameters so as to realize the control of the comprehensive strength of the implant and balance the comprehensive biological-mechanical properties; the trabecular bone structure design realizes the construction of trabecular bone structures with different porosities and pore sizes by controlling the unit cell structure unit size, the silk diameter size and the filling strategy so as to meet the requirements of different alveolar sclerotin on different trabecular bone parameters and mechanical properties in clinic.
According to the method for 3D printing of the trabecular bone oral implant, 3D printing is adopted as a selective laser melting forming technology in S3, and high-precision and arbitrary complex structure forming is realized by controlling technological parameters such as laser power, scanning speed, scanning interval and scanning strategy. And S4, the gas phase deposition technology realizes uniform and compact tantalum coating with variable thickness by controlling the coating bias, vacuum plating, coating power and coating time.
The specific scheme is as follows:
a method of 3D printing a trabecular bone oral implant comprising an integrally formed implant matrix and trabecular bone porous structure; the bone trabecula porous structure is positioned in the middle section of the implant matrix in the axial direction; the implant matrix is provided with an external thread; the method for 3D printing of the trabecular oral implant comprises the following steps:
s1, analyzing the stress characteristics and stress distribution of the oral implant by using finite elements, selecting a structural model with the stress of the middle section less than 485Mpa, and constructing a 3D printing trabecular oral implant;
s2, constructing a trabecular bone porous structure with porosity and pore size suitable for bone growth and a three-dimensional intercommunication structure in the middle section area through three-dimensional design software to obtain an oral implant 3D model with the trabecular bone porous structure;
s3, forming and manufacturing, sand blasting and annealing treatment are carried out on the oral implant 3D model by utilizing an SLM technology to obtain a primary bone trabecula oral implant product;
and S4, forming a tantalum metal coating on the surface of the primary trabecular bone oral implant product by utilizing a vapor deposition technology to obtain the trabecular bone oral implant with the tantalum coating.
Further, defining the axial extension direction of the trabecular oral implant as a transverse direction, selecting a conditional dimension of the middle section with a stress of 300-450Mpa in S1, including: the transverse length of the implant matrix is 4-6 mm, the transverse length of the middle section is 2-11 mm, and 1/2 of the difference between the large diameter and the small diameter of the external thread of the implant matrix is 2-600 mu m; preferably, the transverse length of the implant matrix is 4-5 mm, the transverse length of the middle section is 4-8 mm, and 1/2 of the difference between the large diameter and the small diameter of the external thread of the implant matrix is 200-550 μm.
Further, in the S2, the design parameters and the filling mode of the unit cell structure are controlled, and a trabecular bone porous structure which is suitable for the porosity and the pore diameter of the bone growth and has a three-dimensional intercommunication structure is constructed in the middle section area; preferably, the porosity, pore size and connectivity are regulated by controlling the size of a unit cell structure, the size of a wire diameter and the node offset of the unit cell structure, wherein the size of the unit cell structure refers to the XYZ-direction dimension of a smallest rectangle capable of coating a unit cell, and the size of the wire diameter refers to the radial dimension of the wire diameter forming the unit cell; the offset refers to the offset value of the unit cell structure node in XYZ direction.
Furthermore, the unit cell size is 0.2-0.6 mm, the silk warp size is 0-0.15 mm, and the offset is 0-40%.
Further, controlling the size of the unit cell structure to be 0.6mm, the size of the wire diameter to be 0.15mm and the offset to be 0, wherein the porosity of the obtained trabecular bone porous structure is 60% -80%, the pore size is 300-500 mu m, and the porosity communication rate is more than 95%;
or controlling the unit cell structure size to be 0.2-0.6 mm, the filament diameter size to be 0.15mm and the offset to be 0, wherein the porosity of the obtained trabecular bone porous structure is 60% -80%, the pore size is 200-800 mu m, and the porosity communication rate is more than 95%;
or controlling the unit cell structure size to be 0.6mm, the filament diameter size to be 0.15mm and the offset to be 20-40%. The porosity of the obtained trabecular bone porous structure is 60-80%, the pore size is 200-800 mu m, and the porosity is more than 95%;
or controlling the structure size of the unit cell to be 0.2-0.6 mm, the diameter size of the filament to be 0.15mm and the offset to be 20-40%. The porosity of the obtained trabecular bone porous structure is 60-80%, the pore size is 100-800 mu m, and the porosity communication rate is more than 95%.
Further, the conditions of the SLM technique in S3 include: the laser power is 100-250W, the scanning speed is 500-3000mm/s, the scanning distance is 0.01-0.3mm, and the scanning strategy is pattern-free; the annealing process is 700-900 ℃/2H; the sand blasting pressure is 0.5-0.6 Mpa, the sand blasting time is 5-8S, and the sand blasting medium is 50-200 meshes of white corundum;
preferably, the laser power is 180W, the scanning speed is 1000mm/s, the scanning interval is 0.1mm, and the scanning strategy is non-pattern; the annealing process is 800 ℃/2H; the sand blasting pressure is 0.5-0.6 Mpa, the sand blasting time is 5-8S, and the sand blasting medium is 100 meshes of white corundum.
Furthermore, the process parameters of the vapor deposition technology in S4 comprise coating bias voltage of 80-150v, vacuum plating of 0.01-0.1pa, coating power of 5-8 KW and coating time of 100-200S.
Further, the thickness of the tantalum coating with different thicknesses is obtained by controlling the process parameters through the through hole, wherein the thickness of the tantalum coating comprises 100v of coating bias voltage, 0.05pa of vacuum coating, 5KW of coating power and 100-150 s of coating time, and the thickness of the obtained tantalum coating is 0.5-3 mu m; or, the coating bias voltage is 100v, the vacuum plating is 0.05pa, the coating power is 5KW, the coating time is 150-200 s, and the thickness of the obtained tantalum coating is 3-8 μm; or, the coating bias is 100v, the vacuum plating is 0.05pa, the coating power is 8KW, the coating time is 150-200 s, and the thickness of the obtained tantalum coating is 8-15 mu m.
The invention also provides the trabecular bone oral implant obtained by the 3D printing method of the trabecular bone oral implant, and the trabecular bone oral implant comprises an implant matrix and a trabecular bone porous structure which are integrally formed; the bone trabecula porous structure is positioned in the axial middle section of the implant matrix; the implant matrix is provided with external threads, and the outer surface of the trabecular bone oral implant is wrapped with a tantalum metal coating.
The invention also protects the application of the 3D printing trabecular oral implant in the field of oral repair.
Has the advantages that:
according to the method for 3D printing of the trabecular bone oral implant, the trabecular bone porous structure in the middle is a three-dimensional porous structure with controllable parameters and interpenetration, so that the bone ingrowth efficiency and long-term stability of the oral implant are improved.
Furthermore, the invention integrally forms the trabecular bone porous structure and the oral implant matrix, thereby improving the mechanical strength of the oral implant, such as rotation resistance, fatigue resistance and the like.
Furthermore, the tantalum metal coating wrapped by the outer layer is adopted, so that the biocompatibility of the oral implant is improved.
Finally, the structural size is optimized in the S1, the biomechanical weak position is avoided, and the mechanical strength performance of the oral implant is improved.
In a word, the method for 3D printing of the trabecular bone oral implant improves the density and the mechanical strength of the product, is beneficial to the implant to exert good repairing effect, and has a good application prospect.
Drawings
In order to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention more clearly, the drawings will be briefly described below, and it is apparent that the drawings in the following description relate only to some embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a trabecular oral implant according to an embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic size diagram of a trabecular oral implant provided in accordance with an embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the trabecular oral implant of FIG. 2 along line BB;
fig. 4 is one of the schematic cell structures provided in an embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a second schematic diagram of a cell structure provided in an embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic illustration of a trabecular bone structure provided in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention 1;
fig. 7 is a perspective view of a trabecular oral implant provided in accordance with one embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic illustration of a trabecular bone structure provided in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention 2;
FIG. 9 is a schematic illustration of a trabecular bone structure provided in accordance with one embodiment 3 of the present invention;
fig. 10 is a schematic view of a trabecular bone structure provided in accordance with an embodiment 4 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The definitions of some of the terms used in the present invention are given below, and other non-mentioned terms have definitions and meanings known in the art:
in order to ensure the mechanical strength of the implant, the oral implant with a proper size needs to be designed through finite element analysis, the number of key size parameters is three, the axial length of the front section of the implant matrix is 4-6 mm, the axial length of the middle section is 2-11 mm, and 1/2 of the difference between the large diameter and the small diameter of the middle section of the implant matrix is 2-600 mu m; by adopting the conditions, the implant has the advantage of high strength.
Preferably, the axial length of the front section of the implant matrix is 4-5 mm, the axial length of the middle section is 4-8 mm, and 1/2 of the difference between the large diameter and the small diameter of the middle section of the implant matrix is 200-550 μm.
According to the method for designing the trabecular bone porous structure, the design parameters and the filling mode of a unit cell structure are controlled, and the trabecular bone porous structure with certain porosity, pore size and connectivity is constructed; the porosity, pore size and connectivity of the porous structure are regulated and controlled by controlling the size of the unit cell structure, the size of the filament diameter and the node offset of the unit cell structure. Specifically, the unit cell size is 0.2-0.6 mm, the filament warp size is 0-0.15 mm, and the offset is 0-40%. Thus, the porosity of the trabecular bone structure in the middle section is 60-80%, the pore size is 100-800 μm, and the porosity is more than 95%.
The SLM technology is a material increase manufacturing technology capable of realizing any complex geometric structure shape, and the manufacturing technology comprises the steps of firstly segmenting a 3D model layer by layer according to a certain thickness to obtain 2D section data, editing a specific forming manufacturing strategy in a 2D section, then controlling a laser beam to melt and solidify metal powder in a powder bed according to 2D section information, and stacking and forming layer by layer. Through SLM forming technology, the bone trabecula porous structure with precise and controllable design parameters and three-dimensional through can be realized, the integral forming of the porous structure and the matrix structure is realized, and the strength performance of the oral implant is improved.
The SLM is a molding technology with multiple physical fields coupled with each other, a powder material is instantly melted and solidified in an imaging process, internal stress is easily formed inside a workpiece, and the internal stress is a main cause of warping deformation and cracking of the workpiece, so that the uniformity of internal tissues of the workpiece needs to be improved and the internal stress of the workpiece needs to be reduced through an annealing process. Meanwhile, due to the influence of laser radiation heat, powder particles are easily adhered to the surface of the workpiece, and through sand blasting, the surface roughness of the workpiece can be effectively improved, and meanwhile, better surface quality can be improved for a coating process.
In the invention, by a vapor deposition technology, tantalum metal coatings with certain uniform thickness are deposited on the surfaces of the implant matrix and the porous structure so as to reduce the precipitation of ions, improve the corrosion resistance of the product and provide good biocompatibility.
Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail below. While the following describes preferred embodiments of the present invention, it should be understood that the present invention may be embodied in various forms and should not be limited by the embodiments set forth herein. The examples do not specify particular techniques or conditions, and are performed according to the techniques or conditions described in the literature in the art or according to the product specifications. The reagents or instruments used are not indicated by the manufacturer, and are all conventional products commercially available. In the following examples, "%" means weight percent, unless otherwise specified.
Example 1
A method for 3D printing of a trabecular oral implant comprises the following steps: s1, analyzing the stress characteristics and stress distribution of the oral implant by using finite elements, selecting a structural model with the stress of the middle section less than 485Mpa, and constructing the 3D printing trabecular oral implant.
The trabecular bone oral implant comprises an implant matrix and a trabecular bone porous structure which are integrally formed; the bone trabecula porous structure is positioned in the axial middle section of the implant matrix; the implant base is provided with an external thread as shown in fig. 1.
Specifically, the designed implant was constructed with a size 1 of 4.5mm, a size 2 of 5mm and a size 3 of 400 μm, as shown in fig. 2 and 3.
S2, constructing a trabecular bone porous structure with porosity and pore size suitable for bone growth and a three-dimensional intercommunication structure in the middle section area of the matrix through three-dimensional design software to obtain the oral implant 3D model with the trabecular bone porous structure.
Specifically, a trabecular bone porous structure with certain porosity, pore size and connectivity is constructed by controlling the design parameters and the filling mode of a unit cell structure; the porosity, pore size and connectivity of the porous structure are regulated and controlled by controlling the size of the unit cell structure, the size of the filament diameter and the node offset of the unit cell structure.
Wherein, the unit cell structure size refers to the XYZ dimension of the smallest rectangle that can cover the unit cell (as shown in fig. 4); the filament diameter size refers to the radial dimension of the filament diameter forming a unit cell; the offset refers to the offset value of the unit cell structure node in XYZ direction (see fig. 5).
In this example, the cell size of the porous structure of the middle section constructed was 0.6mm, the filament diameter was 0.15mm, and the offset was 20%, and the porosity of the resulting trabecular bone structure was 78%, and the pore size was 600 μm, as shown in FIG. 6.
And S3, forming and manufacturing the oral implant 3D model by using an SLM technology, sandblasting and annealing to obtain a primary bone trabecula oral implant product. The molding quality is improved and the internal defects of the molded part and the like are reduced by optimizing and controlling the process parameters such as power parameters, scanning speed, scanning distance, scanning strategy and the like; the powder adhered to the surface of the implant is removed through sand blasting treatment, so that the surface quality of the implant is improved; and through annealing treatment, the internal stress of the implant is eliminated, and the internal structure is optimized.
Wherein, the SLM forming technological parameters comprise: the laser power is 180W, the scanning speed is 1000mm/s, the scanning distance is 0.1mm, and the scanning strategy is pattern-free filling; the pressure used for sand blasting is 0.5-0.6 Mpa, the annealing temperature is 800 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 2h.
And S4, forming a tantalum metal coating on the surface of the primary trabecular bone oral implant product by utilizing a vapor deposition technology to obtain the trabecular bone oral implant with the tantalum coating. By optimizing and controlling technological parameters such as target material power, deposition time, pulse current and the like, the density and uniformity of the coating are improved, and the final oral implant with the tantalum coating and the trabecular bone structure is obtained. The process parameters comprise: the coating bias is 100v, the vacuum plating is 0.05pa, the coating power is 5KW, the coating time is 150s, and the thickness of the obtained tantalum metal coating is 3 mu m (as shown in figure 7).
Example 2
The embodiment is improved on the basis of the embodiment 1, the S2 is different, and the rest methods are the same. Wherein, the structure size of the control unit cell in S2 is 0.6mm, the diameter of the filament is 0.15mm, and the offset is 0; the porosity of the obtained bone trabecula structure is 60-80%, the pore size is 300-500 mu m, and the pore connectivity is more than 95%, as shown in figure 8.
Example 3
The embodiment is improved on the basis of the embodiment 1, the S2 is different, and the rest methods are the same. Wherein, the size of the control unit cell structure in S2 is 0.2-0.6 mm, the size of the filament diameter is 0.15mm, and the offset is 0. The porosity of the obtained bone trabecula structure is 60-80%, the pore size is 200-800 μm, and the pore connectivity is more than 95%, as shown in figure 9.
Example 4
The embodiment is improved on the basis of the embodiment 1, the S2 is different, and the rest methods are the same. Wherein, the structure size of the control unit cell in S2 is 0.2-0.6 mm, the diameter of the filament is 0.15mm, and the offset is 20-40%. The porosity of the obtained bone trabecula structure is 60-80%, the pore size is 100-800 μm, and the porosity is more than 95%, as shown in figure 10.
Example 5
The embodiment is improved on the basis of the embodiment 1, the S4 is different, and the rest methods are the same. Wherein, the technological parameters of the vapor deposition comprise: the coating bias voltage is 100v, the vacuum plating is 0.05pa, the coating power is 5KW, the coating time is 100-150 s, and the thickness of the obtained tantalum coating is 0.5-3 mu m.
Example 6
The embodiment is improved on the basis of the embodiment 1, the S4 is different, and the rest methods are the same. Wherein, the technological parameters of the vapor deposition comprise: the coating bias is 100v, the vacuum plating is 0.05pa, the coating power is 5KW, the coating time is 150-200 s, and the thickness of the obtained tantalum coating is 3-8 mu m.
Example 7
The embodiment is improved on the basis of the embodiment 1, the S4 is different, and the rest methods are the same. Wherein, the technological parameters of the vapor deposition comprise: the coating bias is 100v, the vacuum plating is 0.05pa, the coating power is 8KW, the coating time is 150-200 s, and the thickness of the obtained tantalum coating is 8-15 mu m.
The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail, however, the present invention is not limited to the specific details of the above embodiments, and various simple modifications may be made to the technical solution of the present invention within the technical idea of the present invention, and these simple modifications are within the protective scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that the various features described in the above embodiments may be combined in any suitable manner without departing from the scope of the invention. The invention is not described in detail in order to avoid unnecessary repetition.
In addition, any combination of the various embodiments of the present invention is also possible, and the same should be considered as the disclosure of the present invention as long as it does not depart from the spirit of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A3D printing method of a trabecular bone oral implant is characterized by comprising the following steps: the trabecular bone oral implant comprises an implant matrix and a trabecular bone porous structure which are integrally formed; the bone trabecula porous structure is positioned in the axial middle section of the implant matrix; the implant matrix is provided with external threads; the method for 3D printing of the trabecular oral implant comprises the following steps:
s1, analyzing the stress characteristics and stress distribution of the oral implant by using finite elements, selecting a structural model with the stress of the middle section less than 485Mpa, and constructing a 3D printing trabecular oral implant;
s2, constructing a trabecular bone porous structure with porosity and pore size suitable for bone growth and a three-dimensional intercommunication structure in the middle section area through three-dimensional design software to obtain an oral implant 3D model with the trabecular bone porous structure;
s3, forming and manufacturing, sand blasting and annealing treatment are carried out on the oral implant 3D model by utilizing an SLM technology to obtain a primary bone trabecula oral implant product;
and S4, forming a tantalum metal coating on the surface of the primary trabecular bone oral implant product by utilizing a vapor deposition technology to obtain the trabecular bone oral implant with the tantalum coating.
2. The method of 3D printing trabecular oral implant as recited in claim 1, wherein: s1, selecting a condition size that the stress of the middle section is 300-450Mpa, wherein the axial length of the front section of the implant matrix is 4-6 mm, the axial length of the middle section is 2-11 mm, and 1/2 of the difference between the large diameter and the small diameter of the middle section of the implant matrix is 2-600 mu m;
preferably, the axial length of the front section of the implant matrix is 4-5 mm, the axial length of the middle section is 4-8 mm, and 1/2 of the difference between the large diameter and the small diameter of the middle section of the implant matrix is 200-550 μm.
3. The method of 3D printing trabecular oral implant as recited in claim 1, wherein: s2, controlling design parameters and filling modes of a unit cell structure, and constructing a trabecular bone porous structure with porosity and pore size suitable for bone growth and a three-dimensional intercommunication structure in the middle section area; preferably, the porosity, pore size and connectivity are regulated by controlling the size of a unit cell structure, the size of a wire diameter and the node offset of the unit cell structure, wherein the size of the unit cell structure refers to the XYZ-direction dimension of a smallest rectangle capable of coating a unit cell, and the size of the wire diameter refers to the radial dimension of the wire diameter forming the unit cell; the offset refers to the offset value of the unit cell structure node in XYZ direction.
4. The method of 3D printing trabecular oral implant as recited in claim 3, wherein: the unit cell size is 0.2-0.6 mm, the filament diameter is 0-0.15 mm, and the offset is 0-40%.
5. The method of 3D printing trabecular oral implant of claim 4, wherein: controlling the size of the unit cell structure to be 0.6mm, the size of the wire diameter to be 0.15mm and the offset to be 0, wherein the porosity of the obtained trabecular bone porous structure is 60-80%, the pore size is 300-500 mu m, and the pore connectivity is more than 95%; or controlling the unit cell structure size to be 0.2-0.6 mm, the filament diameter size to be 0.15mm and the offset to be 0, wherein the porosity of the obtained trabecular bone porous structure is 60% -80%, the pore size is 200-800 mu m, and the porosity communication rate is more than 95%;
or controlling the size of the unit cell structure to be 0.6mm, the size of the filament diameter to be 0.15mm and the offset to be 20-40%. The porosity of the obtained trabecular bone porous structure is 60-80%, the pore size is 200-800 mu m, and the porosity is more than 95%;
or controlling the size of the crystal cell structure to be 0.2-0.6 mm, the size of the wire diameter to be 0.15mm and the offset to be 20-40%, so that the porosity of the obtained trabecular bone porous structure is 60-80%, the pore size is 100-800 mu m, and the porosity is more than 95%.
6. The method of 3D printing trabecular oral implant according to any one of claims 1-5, wherein: the conditions of the SLM technique in S3 include: the laser power is 100-250W, the scanning speed is 500-3000mm/s, the scanning distance is 0.01-0.3mm, and the scanning strategy is pattern-free; the annealing process is 700-900 ℃/2H; the sand blasting pressure is 0.5-0.6 Mpa, the sand blasting time is 5-8S, and the sand blasting medium is 50-200 meshes of white corundum;
preferably, the laser power is 180W, the scanning speed is 1000mm/s, the scanning distance is 0.1mm, and the scanning strategy is non-pattern; the annealing process is 800 ℃/2H; the sand blasting pressure is 0.5-0.6 Mpa, the sand blasting time is 5-8S, and the sand blasting medium is 100 meshes of white corundum.
7. The method of 3D printing trabecular oral implant according to any one of claims 1-5, wherein: the technological parameters of the vapor deposition technology in S4 comprise coating bias voltage of 80-150v, vacuum plating of 0.01-0.1pa, coating power of 5-8 KW and coating time of 100-200S.
8. The method of 3D printing trabecular oral implant of claim 7, wherein: the thickness of the tantalum coating with different thicknesses is obtained by controlling the process parameters, and comprises 100v of coating bias voltage, 0.05pa of vacuum plating, 5KW of coating power and 100-150 s of coating time, wherein the thickness of the obtained tantalum coating is 0.5-3 mu m; or, the coating bias voltage is 100v, the vacuum plating is 0.05pa, the coating power is 5KW, the coating time is 150-200 s, and the thickness of the obtained tantalum coating is 3-8 μm; or, the coating bias is 100v, the vacuum plating is 0.05pa, the coating power is 8KW, the coating time is 150-200 s, and the thickness of the obtained tantalum coating is 8-15 mu m.
9. The trabecular oral implant resulting from the method of 3D printing a trabecular oral implant according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein: the trabecular bone oral implant comprises an implant matrix and a trabecular bone porous structure which are integrally formed; the bone trabecula porous structure is positioned in the axial middle section of the implant matrix; the implant matrix is provided with external threads, and the outer surface of the trabecular bone oral implant is wrapped with a tantalum metal coating.
10. Use of the 3D printed trabecular oral implant of claim 9 in the field of prosthodontics.
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