CN115740317A - Large-cavity forging type cubic hydraulic press and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Large-cavity forging type cubic hydraulic press and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 121
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 68
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 37
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 33
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims description 18
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- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000001247 metal acetylides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 claims description 3
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- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010720 hydraulic oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention discloses a large-cavity forging type cubic hydraulic press and a preparation method thereof.A forging and forming process of a hinge Liang Maopi is carried out by adopting a mode of combining free forging and die forging, so that near-net precision forming can be realized, and small-allowance forging is realized; secondly, the problems of insufficient forging and uneven tissue caused by the limited tonnage of a press can be solved by the quincunx blank formed by free forging; thirdly, the forging hinge Liang Qiangti can reach an even length of 1250mm and above; a drilling, sawing and milling process is adopted to combine the processing method, so that large surplus removal and high-precision and high-efficiency processing of the ear fan are realized; the cylinder body inner wall and the ear hole surface adopt the mode of roll-in, promote precision and roughness, improve surface strength, increase hinge beam working life, and the finish machining process of ear fan can be accomplished to a clamping, promotes the whole precision of hinge beam.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of synthesis of superhard materials, and particularly relates to a large-cavity forging type cubic hydraulic press and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The cubic apparatus hydraulic press is a device for synthesizing superhard material by high pressure, wherein 6 hinge Liang Shangang assemblies are assembled together through 12 pin shaft connecting lug fans, the center lines of 6 hinges Liang Nagang intersect at 1 point, the measurement of form and position tolerance of the intersection points is called as centering, and the centering is a crucial technical condition of the press. The dimensional accuracy of the hinge Liang Nagang and the ear hole, and the form and position accuracy between the hinge Liang Nagang and the ear hole are key factors for ensuring the centering property; the machining precision of the hinge Liang Ershan directly affects the assembly precision, and therefore affects the centering performance of the cubic hydraulic press in a high-pressure state.
The hinge beam of the cubic hydraulic press is mainly divided into integral casting and integral forging. The hinge beam with the largest stock in the market is integrally cast and formed, the cast hinge beam ear fan is basically not subjected to finish machining, and the appearance precision mainly depends on the precision of a mould. The mould uses for a long time and leads to the ear fan precision to reduce to influence final hinge beam whole precision, can seriously influence cubic press centering nature under high pressure state.
The forging mode of the integral forging hinge beam can be divided into two forming modes of free forging and die forging at present. The allowance of the free forging forming mode is large, the material cost is high, the processing difficulty is large, and the processing period is long; the die forging forming can achieve small allowance forging, is high in production efficiency, is limited by the tonnage of a press, easily causes appearance defects, is high in forming difficulty, and is insufficient in forging ratio. The above problems restrict the development of further upsizing of the hinge beam, and only the hinge Liang Duanzao with the cavity length equal to or less than 1000mm can be molded.
A hinge beam ear fan processing method provided by the invention patent CN112024959A of the invention relates to a processing device of a six-end-face top press hinge Liang Ershan, wherein a planer type milling machine is adopted for processing, the feed is along the central axis direction of a hinge beam, and because the height of the hinge beam ear fan is larger, the feed is required to be sequentially carried out from the positive direction and the negative direction of the axis of the hinge beam, so that the hinge beam needs to be subjected to a turning procedure once, the processing reference can be changed, a tool receiving mark exists on the processing surface, the manual polishing is required to remove, and the processing precision and the processing efficiency can not be ensured.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a large-cavity forging type cubic hydraulic press and a preparation method thereof.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a large-cavity forging type cubic hydraulic press comprises hinge beam mounting assemblies in six directions, namely an upper direction, a lower direction, a front direction, a rear direction, a left direction and a right direction, wherein the adjacent hinge beam mounting assemblies are connected through a pin shaft;
the hinge beam is forged and formed in a free forging and die forging mode, a quincunx forging intermediate blank is obtained through free forging, the die forging is carried out, the free forging intermediate blank is placed in a die, and final hinge beam forming forging is carried out.
And a rear plug sealing assembly is arranged between the rear plug and the rear plug mounting hole.
A preparation method of a large-cavity forging type cubic hydraulic press comprises the following steps:
(1) Selecting materials: selecting circular steel ingot
(2) Heating: heating the round steel ingot, wherein multiple times of heating are needed in the forging process, and the forging temperature is not lower than 950 ℃;
(3) Upsetting and drawing out: carrying out multiple upsetting and drawing processes on the circular steel ingot processed in the step (2), and smashing carbides in the circular steel ingot;
(4) Free forging intermediate billet
a. Heating the steel ingot blank processed in the step (3), then holding and placing the steel ingot blank on a lower pier plate of a forging press through a manipulator, setting the end face of the lower pier plate to be a triangular section, setting a punch with the triangular section on a middle sliding table of the forging press, applying pressure to the steel ingot blank, and pressing the upper and lower symmetrical surfaces of the steel ingot blank into a concave triangular shape;
b. heating again and rotating the ingot blank by 90 degrees, and repeating the step a;
c. correcting the shape of the steel ingot blank for multiple times to obtain a regular quincunx forged intermediate blank;
(5) Die forging
After heating again, placing the plum blossom-shaped forged intermediate blank forged in the step (4) in a lower die, upsetting the intermediate blank to be flush with the die by using a flat pier plate, then pressing down by using an upper die which is copying with the hinge Liang Nagang, forming a closed die by using the upper die and the lower die, and forging the blank into a hinge Liang Waixing and a central hole to obtain a hinge beam forming blank;
(6) Demoulding
Moving out of the workbench after forging and pressing, and pressing the formed hinge beam blank which is formed by pressing to form a die;
(7) Post-forging heat treatment
Normalizing the hinge beam forming blank at 850 +/-10 ℃, and then tempering at 650 +/-10 ℃ to refine crystal grains in the blank;
(8) Flaw detection
Processing the upper end face and the lower end face of the hinge beam forming blank processed in the step (7) until the surface has no black skin, and then carrying out ultrasonic flaw detection;
(9) Drilling, sawing and milling process treatment for ear leaf of hinge beam forming blank
And (5) sequentially carrying out the following procedures on the hinge beam forming blank qualified in the flaw detection in the step (8):
d. drilling and removing process hole
e. Saw cutting ear fan groove
f. Cutting the margin of the ear fan
g. Thermal refining
h. Finish machining of inner cavity
i. Ear fan finishing
j. Earhole finishing
Namely finishing the ear fan.
And d, drilling a material removing process hole in the step (9), wherein the process steps are as follows:
vertically placing a hinge beam forming blank qualified for flaw detection on a tool of a deep hole drilling machine, tightly pressing the bottom surface of the hinge beam forming blank on a workbench perpendicular to a drill rod through a pressure rod, and aligning the end face run-out of a drilled hole;
and then, drilling the material removing process holes by the drill rod through a numerical control program, and reserving allowance between the adjacent material removing process holes.
E, sawing the ear fan groove in the step (9), wherein the working procedures are as follows:
after the material removing process hole is drilled, the material removing process hole is placed on a workbench of a band sawing machine, the material is symmetrically sawn from the outer end face of the hinge beam forming blank to the center of a hinge Liang Maopi according to the standard of a saw groove, the material removing process hole is sawn, two saw gaps of the same ear fan are kept parallel, and the sawn ear groove keeps machining allowance.
F, cutting the margin of the ear fan in the step (9), and the working procedures are as follows:
after the sawing is finished, the allowance left between the material process holes is cut off by adopting a water cutting method, and then the large allowance removal of the lug fan groove is finished.
H, finish machining of the inner cavity in the step (9), wherein the process steps are as follows:
sequentially carrying out rough machining, heat treatment, finish machining and rolling on the surface of the inner wall,
and the surface rolling of the inner wall adopts ultrasonic rolling equipment, a rolling cutter is contacted on the inner wall of the hinge Liang Gangti and performs high-frequency impact, and the hinge beam rotates along with the platform to realize the surface rolling of the inner wall.
And (5) performing finish machining on the ear fan in the step (9) in the following steps:
the bottom surface of the hinge beam forming blank is placed on a workbench of a numerical control machining center, the reference of the center of the inner cylinder and the end surface of the cylinder opening is aligned, then a right-angle milling head is adopted for milling, the plane of a milling cutter disc of the right-angle milling head is parallel to the processing plane of the ear fan, the power of a machine tool spindle is output to the milling cutter disc by an internal gear structure, and the processing is carried out through the end surface of the milling cutter disc;
and then, a lengthened shockproof cutter bar is adopted to process the margin of the bottom of the lug fan groove, and the arc at the bottom of the groove is reserved to reduce the root stress of the lug fan.
Finish machining of the ear hole in the step (9) is carried out, and the working procedures are as follows:
and (4) sequentially carrying out rough machining, heat treatment, finish machining and ear hole surface rolling on a machine tool to finish the finish machining of the ear fan.
The right-angle milling head is used for milling the outer side surface and the inner side surface of the ear fan from outside to inside and from top to bottom.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) The large-cavity forging type cubic hydraulic press and the preparation method thereof disclose that a hinge beam adopts a free forging and die forging forming mode, a set of cold processing technology for finish machining of a hinge Liang Ershan, an inner cylinder and an ear hole is developed, the overall technical performance of the cubic hydraulic press is improved, the forging and forming technology of the hinge beam with the cavity being 1250mm or more can be realized, a new generation of high-performance super-hard material synthesized large cubic hydraulic press is developed, and the technical level of core equipment in the super-hard material industry in China is improved.
(2) According to the forging forming method of the large-cavity hinge beam, the forging forming process of the hinge Liang Maopi is carried out in a mode of combining free forging and die forging, so that near-net precision forming can be achieved, and small-allowance forging is achieved; secondly, the problems of insufficient forging and uneven tissue caused by the limited tonnage of a press can be solved by the quincunx blank formed by free forging; thirdly, the forging hinge Liang Qiangti can reach the length of the middle line of 1250mm and above; a drilling, sawing and milling process is adopted to combine the processing method, so that large surplus removal and high-precision and high-efficiency processing of the ear fan are realized; the cylinder body inner wall and the ear hole surface adopt the mode of roll-in, promote precision and roughness, improve surface strength, increase hinge beam working life, and the finish machining process of ear fan can be accomplished to a clamping, promotes the whole precision of hinge beam.
(3) The fine machining of the hinge Liang Ershan can be completed by one-time clamping, and because the depth of the lug fan groove is smaller than the height, a feed mode vertical to the central axis of the hinge beam can be adopted, the machining mode is not influenced by the height of the hinge beam, the lug fan allowance can be completely machined and removed, the hinge beam does not need to be turned and polished, the efficiency is improved, and meanwhile, the safety is relatively improved.
(4) The hinge beam adopts a free forging and die forging forming mode, so that the problem of large free forging forming allowance can be effectively improved, the forging heat of die forging forming is reduced, the material utilization rate is improved, the production efficiency is improved, and the problem of difficulty in large-scale forming of the hinge beam is solved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a first schematic view of a free-forged intermediate billet;
FIG. 3 is a second schematic structural view of a free-forged intermediate billet;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a quincunx forged intermediate billet;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of a hinge beam forming blank;
FIG. 6 is a process diagram for removing large residual quantity of the ear fan;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a finishing position of the ear fan;
FIG. 8 is a side view of a sector finishing;
FIG. 9 is a front view of the ear fan finishing.
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to specific embodiments, and other advantages and effects of the present invention will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art from the disclosure of the present invention.
The invention provides a large-cavity forging type cubic hydraulic press and a preparation method thereof, which are shown in figures 1 to 9.
The large-cavity forged cubic hydraulic press comprises hinge beam mounting assemblies in six directions, namely an upper direction, a lower direction, a front direction, a rear direction, a left direction and a right direction, wherein adjacent hinge beam mounting assemblies are connected through a pin shaft, each hinge beam mounting assembly comprises a hinge beam 1, a piston 4, a guide sleeve 3 and a rear plug 5, the piston 4 is mounted in a cylinder body formed in the middle of the hinge beam 1, the rear plug 5 is mounted in a rear plug mounting hole formed in the bottom of the hinge beam 1, and a rear plug sealing assembly is arranged between the rear plug 5 and the rear plug mounting hole; the guide sleeve 3 is sleeved on the piston 4 and sealed through a guide sleeve sealing component.
The hinge beam 1 is forged and formed in a free forging and die forging mode, a quincunx forging intermediate blank is obtained through free forging, the die forging is carried out, the free forging intermediate blank is placed in a die, and final hinge beam forming forging is carried out. The forming mode of the large-cavity forged hinge beam is generally divided into free forging and die forging, the free forging allowance is large, and the material utilization rate is low; the die forging can realize the small-allowance forging, but the hinge beam is further enlarged, the die forging is limited by the tonnage of a press, the forming mode is difficult, and the problems of insufficient forging and large crystal grains are easy to occur. Therefore, the invention combines two modes of free forging and die forging to carry out final large-cavity forging hinge beam forming, can effectively improve the problem of large allowance of free forging forming, reduces forging heat number of die forging forming, improves material utilization rate and improves production efficiency.
The invention discloses a preparation method of a large-cavity forging type cubic hydraulic press, which comprises the following process steps of:
(1) Selecting materials:
selecting a circular steel ingot made of 42CrMo, wherein the weight of the hinge Liang Maopi with the length of 1250mm is about 32t according to the calculation, and the size of the steel ingot is as long as 1500mm × 2700mm;
(2) Heating: heating the round steel ingot to 1240 +/-10 ℃ in the embodiment, heating for many times in the forging process, and ensuring that the forging temperature is not lower than 950 ℃;
(3) Upsetting and drawing out: carrying out multiple upsetting and drawing processes on the circular steel ingot processed in the step (2), and smashing carbides in the circular steel ingot; in the embodiment, the round steel ingot is subjected to upsetting and drawing for 3 times to break carbides in the steel ingot, so that the carbides are uniformly distributed, the comprehensive performance of the steel ingot is improved, and the size of the finally obtained steel ingot is 1560mm by 2180mm in the front;
(4) Free forging intermediate billet
a. Reheating the steel ingot blank subjected to heating upsetting and drawing out in the step (3), then holding the steel ingot blank by a manipulator, placing the steel ingot blank on a lower pier plate of a 16000 ton forging press, setting the end face of the lower pier plate to be a triangular section, arranging a punch with a triangular section on a middle sliding table of the forging press, applying pressure to the steel ingot blank, and pressing the symmetrical upper and lower surfaces of the steel ingot blank into a concave triangular shape, as shown in fig. 2
b. Heating again and rotating the ingot blank by 90 degrees, and repeating the step a as shown in figure 3;
c. the shape of the steel ingot blank is corrected for many times to obtain a regular quincunx forged intermediate blank, as shown in figure 4;
(5) Die forging
After heating again, placing the quincunx forged intermediate blank forged in the step (4) in a lower die, upsetting the intermediate blank to be flush with the die by using a flat pier plate, then pressing downwards by using an upper die which is copying with a hinge Liang Nagang, forming a closed die by using the upper die and the lower die, forging the blank into a hinge Liang Waixing and a central hole to obtain a hinge beam forming blank, wherein the shape of an inner cavity of the die is consistent with that of the hinge Liang Waixing, and the hinge beam forming blank is shown in fig. 5;
(6) Stripping die
Moving out the workbench after forging and pressing, and demolding the pressed hinge beam forming blank through a hydraulic ejection device to realize rapid demolding;
(7) Post-forging heat treatment
Normalizing the hinge beam forming blank at 850 +/-10 ℃, and then tempering at 650 +/-10 ℃ to refine crystal grains in the blank;
(8) Flaw detection
Processing the upper end face and the lower end face of the hinge beam forming blank processed in the step (7) on a vertical lathe until the surface has no black skin, and then carrying out ultrasonic flaw detection; selecting scrapping treatment for products which are unqualified in flaw detection, and performing next process treatment on products which are qualified in flaw detection;
(9) Drilling, sawing and milling process treatment for ear leaf of hinge beam forming blank
Because the ear fan of the forged hinge Liang Maopi adopts an integral forging mode, the margin of the ear fan is large, and the processing difficulty is large, the invention provides a drilling, sawing and milling process fusion technology of the ear fan, which can realize large margin removal of the ear fan and high-precision and high-efficiency finish machining of the ear fan, an inner cavity and an ear hole, and the specific implementation steps are as follows:
and (4) sequentially carrying out the following procedures on the hinge beam forming blank qualified in the flaw detection in the step (8):
d. drilling and removing process hole
Vertically placing a hinge beam forming blank qualified for flaw detection on a tool of a deep hole drilling machine, tightly pressing the bottom surface of the hinge beam forming blank on a workbench perpendicular to a drill rod through a pressure rod, and aligning the end face run-out of a drilled hole;
and then, drilling and machining the material removing process holes by the deep hole drilling machine drill rod through a numerical control program, wherein 2-3mm allowance is reserved between every two adjacent material removing process holes, and the hinge Liang Maopi has 6 lug grooves, so that every 6 material removing process holes are required to be drilled on the deep hole drilling machine in a group, and the total number of the material removing process holes is 36.
e. Saw cutting ear fan groove
After the material removing process hole is drilled, the material removing process hole is placed on a workbench of a band sawing machine, the band sawing machine is provided with a saw blade with good rigidity, the saw blade is symmetrically sawed from the outer end face of the hinge beam forming blank to the center of a hinge Liang Maopi according to the reference of a saw groove machined in the previous working procedure, the saw blade is sawed to the material removing process hole, two saw gaps of the same ear fan are kept parallel, and the ear groove after sawing keeps 2-3 mm machining allowance, as shown in fig. 6.
f. Cutting the margin of the ear fan
After the sawing is finished, excess materials left between the process holes are cut off by a water cutting method, and accordingly, large excess removal of the lug fan groove is finished; the whole machining process adopts a cold machining mode, and the material performance of the hinge beam forming blank is guaranteed.
g. Thermal refining
And then, carrying out key heat treatment process-quenching and tempering on the hinge beam forming blank, wherein quenching is carried out at 850 ℃ for 8h, quenching liquid is used for cooling, tempering is carried out at 610 ℃ for 16h, and air cooling is carried out, so that the material performance is further improved.
h. Finish machining of inner cavity
The inner cavity of the hinge beam is a hydraulic oil working area, the inner wall of the hinge beam is in sealing contact with the inner wall of the hinge beam, and the surface of an inner cylinder is required to have certain hardness and higher roughness grade, so the processing method of the inner cavity of the large-cavity forging cubic press comprises the following steps: rough machining, heat treatment, finish machining and rolling of the inner wall surface. The surface rolling adopts ultrasonic rolling equipment, a rolling knife is in contact with the inner wall of the hinge Liang Gangti, high-frequency impact of 3 ten thousand times per second is realized, certain pressure is applied to the surface of the inner cavity, and the hinge beam rotates along with the platform to realize the surface rolling of the inner wall; the roll-in can eliminate the knife line, promotes the roughness grade of the surface of cylinder body inner wall, and roughness reaches Ra0.16 mu m, still has the effect of case hardening simultaneously, and surface hardness can promote 20% ~30%, and then promotes the precision of inner wall processing and the life-span of cylinder body.
i. Ear fan finishing
The fine machining of the ear fan is finished on a numerical control machining center after the inner cylinder is finely turned. The bottom surface of the hinge beam is placed on a workbench, and the center of the inner cylinder and the end surface reference of the cylinder opening are aligned;
the ear fan is milled by adopting the right-angle milling head 9, as shown in fig. 8 and 9, the plane of a milling cutter disc of the right-angle milling head 9 is parallel to the processing plane of the ear fan, the power of a machine tool spindle 91 is output to the milling cutter disc by an internal gear structure, and the processing is carried out through the end surface of the milling cutter disc, so that the high-efficiency and high-precision processing of the inner side surface and the outer side surface of the ear fan can be realized; the specific operation is to mill the outer side surface 2-3 and the inner side surface 2-2 of the ear fan from outside to inside and from top to bottom, as shown in fig. 7;
the bottom 2-1 of the lug fan groove is provided with a lengthened shockproof cutter bar, allowance removal is carried out on the bottom allowance of the lug fan groove, and meanwhile, the arc of the groove bottom is reserved, so that the root stress of the lug fan is reduced. The processing mode developed by the invention can realize the finish machining process of the ear fan by clamping once.
j. Earhole finishing
Rough machining, heat treatment, finish machining and rolling on the surface of the ear hole are sequentially carried out on a machine tool, the surface hardness and the roughness of the ear hole are improved, the accuracy of the ear hole reaches 0.03mm, the roughness reaches Ra0.16 mu m, the form and position accuracy of the ear hole and the inner cavity can reach within 0.05mm, and the centering performance of the whole machine is guaranteed.
According to the forging forming method of the large-cavity hinge beam, the forging forming process of the hinge Liang Maopi is carried out in a mode of combining free forging and die forging, so that near-net precision forming can be achieved, and small-allowance forging is achieved; secondly, the problems of insufficient forging and uneven tissue caused by the limited tonnage of a press can be solved by the quincunx blank formed by free forging; thirdly, the forging hinge Liang Qiangti can reach an even length of 1250mm and above; a drilling, sawing and milling process is adopted to combine the processing method, so that large surplus removal and high-precision and high-efficiency processing of the ear fan are realized; the cylinder body inner wall and the ear hole surface adopt the mode of roll-in, promote precision and roughness, improve surface strength, increase hinge beam working life, and the finish machining process of ear fan can be accomplished to a clamping, promotes the whole precision of hinge beam.
The foregoing shows and describes the general principles, essential features, and advantages of the invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are given by way of illustration of the principles of the present invention, and that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "front", "rear", "left", "right", "center", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are used only for convenience in describing the present invention and for simplicity in description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A large-cavity forging type cubic hydraulic press comprises hinge beam mounting assemblies in six directions, namely an upper direction, a lower direction, a front direction, a rear direction, a left direction and a right direction, wherein the adjacent hinge beam mounting assemblies are connected through a pin shaft;
the method is characterized in that: the hinge beam is forged and formed in a free forging and die forging mode, quincunx forged intermediate blanks are obtained through free forging, the forged intermediate blanks obtained through free forging are placed in a die through die forging, and final hinge beam forming and forging are carried out.
2. The large-cavity forging type cubic hydraulic press as recited in claim 1, wherein: and a rear plug sealing assembly is arranged between the rear plug and the rear plug mounting hole.
3. The preparation method of the large-cavity forging type cubic hydraulic press based on the claim 1 or 2 is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) Selecting materials: selecting circular steel ingot
(2) Heating: heating the round steel ingot, wherein multiple times of heating are needed in the forging process, and the forging temperature is not lower than 950 ℃;
(3) Upsetting and drawing out: carrying out multiple upsetting and drawing processes on the circular steel ingot processed in the step (2), and smashing carbides in the circular steel ingot;
(4) Free forging intermediate billet
a. Heating the steel ingot blank processed in the step (3), then holding and placing the steel ingot blank on a lower pier plate of a forging press through a manipulator, setting the end face of the lower pier plate to be a triangular section, setting a punch with the triangular section on a middle sliding table of the forging press, applying pressure to the steel ingot blank, and pressing the upper and lower symmetrical surfaces of the steel ingot blank into a concave triangular shape;
b. heating again and rotating the ingot blank by 90 degrees, and repeating the step a;
c. correcting the shape of the steel ingot blank for multiple times to obtain a regular quincunx forged intermediate blank;
(5) Die forging
After heating again, placing the plum blossom-shaped forged intermediate blank forged in the step (4) in a lower die, upsetting the intermediate blank to be flush with the die by using a flat pier plate, then pressing down by using an upper die which is copying with the hinge Liang Nagang, forming a closed die by using the upper die and the lower die, and forging the blank into a hinge Liang Waixing and a central hole to obtain a hinge beam forming blank;
(6) Demoulding
Moving out of the workbench after forging and pressing, and pressing the formed hinge beam blank which is formed by pressing to form a die;
(7) Post-forging heat treatment
Normalizing the hinge beam forming blank at 850 +/-10 ℃, and then tempering at 650 +/-10 ℃ to refine crystal grains in the blank;
(8) Flaw detection
Processing the upper end face and the lower end face of the hinge beam forming blank processed in the step (7) until the surface has no black skin, and then carrying out ultrasonic flaw detection;
(9) Drilling, sawing and milling process treatment for ear leaf of hinge beam forming blank
And (4) sequentially carrying out the following procedures on the hinge beam forming blank qualified in the flaw detection in the step (8):
d. drilling and removing process hole
e. Saw cutting ear fan groove
f. Cutting the margin of the ear fan
g. Thermal refining
h. Finish machining of inner cavity
i. Ear fan finishing
j. Earhole finishing
Namely finishing the ear fan.
4. The preparation method of the large-cavity forging type cubic hydraulic press as claimed in claim 3, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and d, drilling a material removing process hole in the step (9), wherein the process steps are as follows:
vertically placing a hinge beam forming blank qualified for flaw detection on a tool of a deep hole drilling machine, tightly pressing the bottom surface of the hinge beam forming blank on a workbench perpendicular to a drill rod through a pressure rod, and aligning the end face run-out of a drilled hole;
and then, drilling the material removing process holes by the drill rod through a numerical control program, and reserving allowance between the adjacent material removing process holes.
5. The preparation method of the large-cavity forging type cubic hydraulic press as claimed in claim 3, wherein the method comprises the following steps: e, sawing the ear fan groove in the step (9), wherein the working procedures are as follows:
after the material removing process hole is drilled, the material removing process hole is placed on a workbench of a band sawing machine, the material is symmetrically sawn from the outer end face of the hinge beam forming blank to the center of a hinge Liang Maopi according to the standard of a saw groove, the material removing process hole is sawn, two saw gaps of the same ear fan are kept parallel, and the sawn ear groove keeps machining allowance.
6. The preparation method of the large-cavity forging type cubic hydraulic press as claimed in claim 3, wherein the method comprises the following steps: f, cutting the margin of the ear fan in the step (9), and the working procedures are as follows:
after the sawing is finished, the allowance left between the material process holes is cut off by adopting a water cutting method, and then the large allowance removal of the lug fan groove is finished.
7. The preparation method of the large-cavity forging type cubic hydraulic press as claimed in claim 3, wherein the method comprises the following steps: h, performing finish machining on the inner cavity in the step (9), wherein the working procedures are as follows:
sequentially carrying out rough machining, heat treatment, finish machining and rolling on the surface of the inner wall,
and the surface rolling of the inner wall adopts ultrasonic rolling equipment, a rolling cutter is contacted on the inner wall of the hinge Liang Gangti and performs high-frequency impact, and the hinge beam rotates along with the platform to realize the surface rolling of the inner wall.
8. The method for preparing a large-cavity forged cubic hydraulic press as claimed in claim 3, wherein: and (5) performing finish machining on the ear fan in the step (9) in the following steps:
the bottom surface of the hinge beam forming blank is placed on a workbench of a numerical control machining center, the reference of the center of the inner cylinder and the end surface of the cylinder opening is aligned, then a right-angle milling head is adopted for milling, the plane of a milling cutter disc of the right-angle milling head is parallel to the processing plane of the ear fan, the power of a machine tool spindle is output to the milling cutter disc by an internal gear structure, and the processing is carried out through the end surface of the milling cutter disc;
and then, a lengthened shockproof cutter bar is adopted to process the margin of the bottom of the lug fan groove, and the arc at the bottom of the groove is reserved to reduce the root stress of the lug fan.
9. The preparation method of the large-cavity forging type cubic hydraulic press as claimed in claim 3, wherein the method comprises the following steps: finish machining of the ear hole in the step (9) is carried out, and the working procedures are as follows:
and (4) sequentially carrying out rough machining, heat treatment, finish machining and ear hole surface rolling on a machine tool to finish the finish machining of the ear fan.
10. The preparation method of the large-cavity forging type cubic hydraulic press as claimed in claim 8, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the right-angle milling head is used for milling the outer side surface and the inner side surface of the ear fan from outside to inside and from top to bottom.
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| CN202211417648.XA CN115740317A (en) | 2022-11-14 | 2022-11-14 | Large-cavity forging type cubic hydraulic press and preparation method thereof |
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| CN202211417648.XA CN115740317A (en) | 2022-11-14 | 2022-11-14 | Large-cavity forging type cubic hydraulic press and preparation method thereof |
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Effective date of registration: 20231124 Address after: 450001 121 Wutong street, Zhengzhou new and high tech Zone, Henan Applicant after: ZHENGZHOU RESEARCH INSTITUTE FOR ABRASIVES & GRINDING Co.,Ltd. Applicant after: Jinggong Ruiyi Technology (Henan) Co.,Ltd. Address before: 450001 121 Wutong street, Zhengzhou new and high tech Zone, Henan Applicant before: ZHENGZHOU RESEARCH INSTITUTE FOR ABRASIVES & GRINDING Co.,Ltd. |