CN115738663A - Ammonia desulphurization and decarbonization device and method for producing long-acting ammonium bicarbonate - Google Patents
Ammonia desulphurization and decarbonization device and method for producing long-acting ammonium bicarbonate Download PDFInfo
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- CN115738663A CN115738663A CN202211553653.3A CN202211553653A CN115738663A CN 115738663 A CN115738663 A CN 115738663A CN 202211553653 A CN202211553653 A CN 202211553653A CN 115738663 A CN115738663 A CN 115738663A
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Abstract
The device comprises a decarburization unit, an ammonia supply unit, an ammonium bicarbonate treatment unit and an additive supply unit, wherein the ammonia additive supply unit is connected with the ammonium bicarbonate treatment unit, an ammonia absorbent and an additive are added into the ammonium bicarbonate treatment unit, and the long-acting ammonium bicarbonate is generated by refluxing a mother solution to the desulfurization and decarburization unit. The device can economically and efficiently decarbonize and produce the long-acting ammonium bicarbonate fertilizer simultaneously.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of environmental protection, and particularly relates to an ammonia desulphurization and decarbonization device and method for producing long-acting ammonium bicarbonate.
Background
At present, the waste gas treatment efficiency of each industrial enterprise is generally low or the waste gas is discharged into the atmosphere after being treated by desulfurization and dust removal, and a large amount of CO 2 Greenhouse gases are discharged into the environment, so that a series of environmental problems such as global warming acceleration and the like are caused. Therefore, an active and effective CO is sought 2 Gas treatment methods constitute one of the problems to be solved urgently in various countries. Ammonium bicarbonate is a quick-acting nitrogen fertilizer, is easy to dissolve in water and decompose, and is suitable for various crops and various soils, and carbon dioxide is one of raw materials for preparing ammonium bicarbonate, and is used for removing CO in industrial waste gas 2 The gas is processed into ammonium bicarbonate, which not only can solve CO 2 The problem of direct discharge into the atmosphere and the capability of preparing ammonium bicarbonate fertilizer become the subject of research and development of the technicians in the prior art. However, the ammonia decarburization technology has not been widely used due to the problem of ammonia escape.
The patent application No. CN202210553353.9 discloses a device and a method for producing ammonium bicarbonate by an ammonia decarburization system, wherein the device comprises a cooling functional area, an ammonium bicarbonate generating area, a carbon dioxide absorbing area and an ammonia removing functional area, and the device generates ammonium bicarbonate and CO 2 Absorption and ammonia removal are controlled in a partition mode, and ammonia is used for absorbing carbon dioxide in flue gas to produce ammonium bicarbonate capable of being used as a nitrogen fertilizer. However, the produced ammonium bicarbonate fertilizer is easy to decompose under the conditions of high temperature and moisture, and the fertilizer has short period of validity, which is generally only 30 to 40 days. And the absorbent ammonia for removing carbon dioxide is mainly added from the carbon dioxide absorption area, which is not beneficial to ammonia escape control of the carbon dioxide absorption area.
The patent application No. CN90105012.1 discloses a long-acting ammonium bicarbonate and its preparation method, wherein the long-acting ammonium bicarbonate is composed of dicyandiamide additive containing 0.3-1%, and eutectic or mixture containing partial eutectic formed by dicyandiamide and ammonium bicarbonate. The preparation process is improved by utilizing the process for producing ammonium bicarbonate, and the additive is added into the production flow before or after the carbonization procedure. But the process employs pressurized CO 2 The ammonium bicarbonate is produced by the reaction with ammonia, the investment and the operation cost are high, and the addition of the additive through ammonia water or crystallization liquid is not beneficial to the systemWater balance control and dissolution co-crystallization.
Disclosure of Invention
The process and the apparatus according to the invention relate to two processes, namely desulfurization, in particular ammonia desulfurization, and decarburization, in particular ammonia decarburization, wherein desulfurization, in particular ammonia desulfurization, and decarburization, in particular ammonia decarburization, can be carried out in a manner known to the person skilled in the art, and wherein the terms referred to and the associated measures are also known to the person skilled in the art.
In order to economically and efficiently solve the technical problem of ammonia decarburization and simultaneously produce long-acting ammonium bicarbonate fertilizer, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides an ammonia process desulfurization decarbonization device of production long-term ammonium bicarbonate, includes ammonia process desulfurization decarbonization unit, ammonia supply unit, ammonium bicarbonate processing unit, additive supply unit, and ammonia process desulfurization decarbonization unit is connected with ammonium bicarbonate processing unit, produces long-term ammonium bicarbonate.
The additive supply unit is connected with the ammonium bicarbonate treatment unit.
The ammonia supply unit is connected with the ammonium bicarbonate treatment unit.
The ammonium bicarbonate treatment unit comprises crystallization equipment and solid-liquid separation equipment, a mother liquor backflow pipeline on the solid-liquid separation equipment is connected with the ammonia desulphurization and decarbonization unit, and an additive addition point is positioned behind an ammonia addition point along the mother liquor backflow direction.
Or the return line is divided into a plurality of lines, the addition point of the ammonia supply unit (i.e., ammonia addition point) being in one of the lines, and the addition point of the additive supply unit (i.e., additive addition point) being in the other line.
The additive supply unit comprises an additive adding device and a metering device, the additive is metered into the additive adding device through the metering device, the additive adding device comprises a mixing tank or an ejector, and the metering device comprises one or a combination of a pump, a fan, a metering scale and a control valve.
The ammonia supply unit comprises an ammonia adding device, and the ammonia adding device comprises one or a combination of a liquid ammonia diluter, an ammonia distributor, an ammonia adding tank and a static mixer.
The ammonia process desulfurization and decarburization unit comprises ammonia process desulfurization equipment and ammonia process decarburization equipment, and the ammonia process decarburization equipment comprises a cooling functional area, an ammonium bicarbonate generation area, a carbon dioxide absorption area and an ammonia removal functional area.
The return line is connected to the carbon dioxide absorption zone.
The cooling function area, the ammonium bicarbonate generating area, the carbon dioxide absorbing area and the ammonia removing function area are combined into one tower or a plurality of towers, and equipment/parts allowing gas to pass are arranged among the function areas.
The ammonia desulphurization equipment is connected with the ammonia supply unit and is used for producing ammonium sulfate.
The cooling functional area is connected with the ammonia removal functional area through a pipeline, and the ammonium bicarbonate generation area is connected with the carbon dioxide absorption area through a pipeline, so that solution supplement and utilization are realized.
The cooling functional area, the ammonium bicarbonate generation area, the carbon dioxide absorption area and the ammonia removal functional area are respectively provided with at least 1 layer of circulating liquid distributor, and the ammonium bicarbonate generation area is provided with at least 1 layer of gas-liquid distributor.
The gas-liquid distributor can be selected from a bubbling type, a liquid distribution spraying type or a combination thereof.
An ammonia desulfurization and decarbonization method for producing long-acting ammonium bicarbonate is characterized in that ammonium bicarbonate slurry obtained by ammonia desulfurization and decarbonization is subjected to solid-liquid separation, and generated mother liquor flows back to an ammonia desulfurization and decarbonization unit, wherein an additive is added into the mother liquor and is used for producing the long-acting ammonium bicarbonate.
The decarbonization absorbent ammonia is added through mother liquor.
The additive comprises one or a combination of cyanamide, dicyandiamide and melamine.
The additive addition point is located after the ammonia addition point.
When the return line is divided into a plurality of lines, ammonia and the additive are added in the same line, and the additive addition point is positioned behind the ammonia addition point, or the addition point of the ammonia supply unit is in one line, and the addition point of the additive supply unit is in the other line.
The mother liquor returns to the carbon dioxide absorption zone in two paths, wherein one path is provided with an ammonia adding device and an additive adding device, and the mother liquor of the path accounts for 30 to 40 percent of the total amount of the mother liquor 18, preferably 32 to 38 percent, and more preferably 34 to 36 percent.
The addition amount of the additive is controlled to make the content of the additive in the ammonium bicarbonate be 0.01-0.9 wt%, and preferably 0.01-0.6 wt%.
The absorbent ammonia is liquid anhydrous ammonia or gas ammonia.
The additive is a solid.
The mother liquor is saturated ammonium bicarbonate solution, and the temperature is 5-40 ℃, preferably 8-30 ℃.
The mother liquor contains ammonium bicarbonate solid, and the content of the ammonium bicarbonate solid is 0.1-5 wt%, preferably 0.1-3 wt%.
The ammonia desulphurization and decarbonization unit comprises ammonia desulphurization equipment and ammonia decarbonization equipment, wherein the ammonia desulphurization equipment is used for producing ammonium sulfate, and the ammonia desulphurization solution is used for controlling ammonia escape of the ammonia desulphurization and decarbonization device.
The ammonia decarburization equipment comprises a cooling functional area, an ammonium bicarbonate generation area, a carbon dioxide absorption area and an ammonia removal functional area, wherein the cooling functional area is used for cooling the process gas, the ammonium bicarbonate generation area is used for generating ammonium bicarbonate, the carbon dioxide absorption area is used for absorbing carbon dioxide in the process gas, and the ammonia removal functional area is used for removing ammonia in the decarbonized process gas. Wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the cooling functional area is at least provided with 1-grade gas-liquid contact, and the temperature is 5-40 ℃, preferably 8-30 ℃;
the generation of ammonium bicarbonate is at least provided with 1-stage gas-liquid contact, and the total ammonia and the total CO in the solution 2 1-3, preferably 1-2, said total ammonia comprising ammonia and ammonium groups; said total CO 2 Including free CO 2 And carbonizing CO 2 ；
The carbon dioxide absorption area is at least provided with 1-level gas-liquid contact, and total ammonia and total CO in the solution 2 1.2 to 4.5, preferably 1.4 to 3.5;
the ammonia removal functional area is at least provided with 1-level gas-liquid contact, and at least one layer of acid solution is arranged for washing, wherein the acid solution is from ammonia desulphurization circulating liquid.
And the ammonia removal functional area of the circulating liquid part of the desulfurization circulating liquid or the cooling functional area of the decarburization unit controls ammonia escape.
The cooling function area of the decarburization unit can be combined with the ammonia desulfurization equipment to be uniformly arranged.
The long-acting ammonium bicarbonate produced by ammonia desulphurization and decarbonization contains trace ammonium sulfate, and the content of the ammonium sulfate is 0.001-0.5 wt%, preferably 0.001-0.3 wt%.
Firstly removing SO from ammonia desulfurization and decarbonization unit 2 And then removing CO 2 The desulfurized gas containing SO 2 、CO 2 And ammonium sulfate particles.
The invention also relates to the following embodiments:
1. the utility model provides an ammonia process desulfurization decarbonization device of production long-term ammonium bicarbonate which characterized in that, the device includes ammonia process desulfurization decarbonization unit, ammonia supply unit, ammonium bicarbonate processing unit, additive supply unit, and ammonia process desulfurization decarbonization unit is connected with ammonium bicarbonate processing unit, produces long-term ammonium bicarbonate.
2. The apparatus of embodiment 1, wherein the additive supply unit is connected to the ammonium bicarbonate treatment unit.
3. The apparatus of embodiment 1, wherein the ammonia supply unit is connected to the ammonium bicarbonate treatment unit.
4. The device according to the embodiments 1 to 3, characterized in that the ammonium bicarbonate treatment unit comprises a crystallization device and a solid-liquid separation device, a mother liquor reflux pipeline on the solid-liquid separation device is connected with the ammonia desulphurization and decarbonization unit, and an additive adding point is positioned after the ammonia adding point along the reflux direction of the mother liquor.
5. The apparatus according to embodiments 1 to 3, wherein the return line is divided into a plurality of lines, the addition point of the ammonia supply unit being in one of the lines, and the addition point of the additive supply unit being in the other line.
6. The apparatus according to embodiment 2, wherein the additive supply unit includes an additive adding device through which the additive is metered and a metering device including one or a combination of a pump, a fan, a scale, and a control valve.
7. The apparatus of embodiment 3, wherein the ammonia supply unit comprises an ammonia adding device comprising one or a combination of a liquid ammonia diluter, an ammonia distributor, an ammonia adding tank, and a static mixer.
8. The apparatus of embodiment 1, wherein the ammonia desulfurization and decarbonization unit comprises an ammonia desulfurization device and an ammonia decarbonization device, and the ammonia decarbonization device comprises a cooling functional zone, an ammonium bicarbonate generation zone, a carbon dioxide absorption zone and an ammonia removal functional zone.
9. The apparatus according to embodiments 4 and 8, wherein the return line is connected to the carbon dioxide absorption zone.
10. The apparatus according to embodiment 8, wherein the cooling function zone, the ammonium bicarbonate formation zone, the carbon dioxide absorption zone and the ammonia removal function zone are combined into one column or a plurality of columns, and a device/component for allowing gas to pass through is arranged between the function zones.
11. The apparatus according to embodiment 8, wherein the ammonia desulfurization apparatus is connected to an ammonia supply unit for producing ammonium sulfate.
12. The apparatus of embodiment 8, wherein the cooling function zone is connected with the ammonia removal function zone through a pipeline, and the ammonium bicarbonate generation zone is connected with the carbon dioxide absorption zone through a pipeline, so that solution supplement and utilization are realized.
13. The device according to embodiment 8, wherein the cooling functional area, the ammonium bicarbonate generating area, the carbon dioxide absorbing area and the ammonia removing functional area are respectively provided with at least 1 layer of circulating liquid distributors, and the ammonium bicarbonate generating area is provided with at least 1 layer of gas-liquid distributors.
14. The apparatus of embodiment 13, wherein the gas-liquid distributor is selected from the group consisting of bubbling type, liquid distribution shower type, and combinations thereof.
15. The ammonia desulfurization and decarbonization method for producing the long-acting ammonium bicarbonate is characterized in that ammonium bicarbonate slurry obtained by ammonia desulfurization and decarbonization is subjected to solid-liquid separation, and the generated mother liquor flows back to an ammonia desulfurization and decarbonization unit through a backflow pipeline, wherein an additive is added into the mother liquor and is used for producing the long-acting ammonium bicarbonate.
16. The process of embodiment 15, the decarbonated absorbent ammonia is added via the mother liquor.
17. The method of embodiment 15, wherein the additive comprises one or a combination of cyanamide, dicyandiamide, melamine.
18. The method of embodiment 16, wherein the additive addition point is located after the ammonia addition point.
19. The method of embodiment 16, wherein the return line is divided into a plurality of lines, the addition point of the ammonia supply unit being in one of the lines and the addition point of the additive supply unit being in the other line.
20. The method according to embodiment 15, wherein the amount of the additive is controlled so that the additive is contained in the ammonium bicarbonate in an amount of 0.01wt% to 0.9wt%, preferably 0.01wt% to 0.6wt%.
21. The method of embodiment 15, wherein the absorbent ammonia is liquid anhydrous ammonia or gaseous ammonia.
22. The method of embodiment 15, wherein the additive is a solid.
23. The process according to embodiment 15, wherein the mother liquor is a saturated ammonium bicarbonate solution at a temperature of 5 to 40 ℃, preferably 8 to 30 ℃.
24. The process of embodiment 15 wherein the mother liquor comprises solids ammonium bicarbonate in an amount of from 0.1wt% to 5wt%, preferably from 0.1wt% to 3wt%.
25. The method of embodiment 15, wherein the ammonia desulfurization and decarbonization unit comprises an ammonia desulfurization unit and an ammonia decarbonization unit, the ammonia desulfurization unit is used for producing ammonium sulfate, and the ammonia desulfurization solution is used for controlling ammonia escape of the ammonia desulfurization and decarbonization device.
26. The method according to embodiment 15, wherein the decarbonization apparatus for ammonia process comprises a cooling function section, an ammonium bicarbonate forming section, a carbon dioxide absorbing section, and an ammonia removing function section, wherein,
the cooling functional area is at least provided with 1-level gas-liquid contact for reducing the temperature of process gas, wherein the temperature is 5-40 ℃, and the optimal temperature is 8-30 ℃;
the generation of ammonium bicarbonate is at least provided with 1-stage gas-liquid contact, and the total ammonia and the total CO in the solution 2 1-3, preferably 1-2, said total ammonia comprising ammonia and ammonium groups; said total CO 2 Comprising free CO 2 And carbonized CO 2 ；
The carbon dioxide absorption area is at least provided with 1-stage gas-liquid contact, and the total ammonia and the total CO in the first-stage solution 2 1.2 to 4.5, preferably 1.4 to 3.5;
the ammonia removal functional area is at least provided with 1-level gas-liquid contact, and at least one layer of acid solution is arranged for washing, wherein the acid solution is from ammonia desulphurization circulating liquid.
27. The method according to embodiment 15, wherein the long-acting ammonium bicarbonate produced by ammonia desulfurization and decarbonization contains trace ammonium sulfate in an amount of 0.001 to 0.5wt%, preferably 0.001 to 0.3wt%.
28. The method of embodiment 15, wherein the ammonia desulfurization and decarbonization unit removes SO first 2 Then removing CO 2 The desulfurized gas containing SO 2 、CO 2 And ammonium sulfate particles.
29. The method of embodiment 15, wherein the ammonia and the additive are added in the same rod, and the additive addition point is located after the ammonia addition point.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow diagram of an apparatus according to some embodiments 1 of the present disclosure.
Fig. 2 is a schematic flow chart of the apparatus of the comparative example.
The symbols in the figures have the following meanings: the process gas comprises a process gas 1, a cooling function area 2, a cooling circulating pump 3, a heat exchanger 4, an ammonium bicarbonate generation area 5, a liquid collector 6, a carbon dioxide absorption area 7, a heat exchanger 8, an ammonium bicarbonate generation area circulating pump 9, a carbon dioxide absorption area circulating pump 10, an ammonium bicarbonate discharge pump 11, a crystallization device 12, a solid-liquid separation device 13, an ammonium bicarbonate fertilizer 14, an ammonia removal function area 15, a decarbonized gas 16, an ammonia removal function area water washing circulating pump 17, a mother liquor backflow pipeline 18 (2 paths are 18-1 and 18-2 in figure 1), an ammonia adding device 19, ammonia 20, an additive adding device 21, an additive 22, an ammonia desulphurization device 23 and an ammonium sulfate fertilizer 24.
Detailed description of the preferred embodiments
Example in FIG. 1, SO is contained 2 、CO 2 The process gas 1 is passed through an ammonia desulfurization unit 23 to remove SO 2 Producing ammonium sulfate 24, and then entering an ammonia process decarburization device, wherein the ammonia process decarburization device comprises a cooling functional area 2, an ammonium bicarbonate generating area 5, a carbon dioxide absorbing area 7 and an ammonia removing functional area 15.
Containing SO after desulfurization 2 、CO 2 The process gas with ammonium sulfate particles firstly enters a cooling functional area 2, wherein the gas and circulating liquid are in countercurrent spraying contact for cooling, the circulating liquid circulates through a cooling circulating pump 3, and the circulating liquid is cooled through a heat exchanger 4. The cooling functional area is at least provided with 2 layers of spraying, and the temperature is controlled to be 18 ℃.
The cooled gas enters an ammonium bicarbonate generation area 5 through a flue, the gas and circulating liquid are sprayed in a countercurrent mode to react to generate ammonium bicarbonate, the circulating liquid circulates through a circulating pump 9, and the circulating liquid is cooled through a heat exchanger 8. The process gas leaving the ammonium bicarbonate forming zone 5 enters the carbon dioxide absorption zone 7, and the circulating liquid in the carbon dioxide absorption zone 7 is circulated by the circulating pump 9. The carbon dioxide absorption zone 7 is separated from the ammonium bicarbonate production zone 5 by a liquid trap 6 which allows gas to pass through, and the carbon dioxide absorption zone 7 circulates the liquid portion to the ammonium bicarbonate production zone 5. The ammonium bicarbonate generation is provided with 1 layer of spraying, total ammonia and total CO in the circulating solution are sprayed 2 In a molar ratio of 1.2-1.4 (the total ammonia includes ammonia and ammonium radical; the total CO 2 Comprising free CO 2 And carbonized CO 2 )。
In the carbon dioxide absorption zone 7, CO in the gas 2 And reacts with ammonia in the circulating liquid to generate ammonium carbonate or ammonium carbamate. The circulating liquid portion of the carbon dioxide absorption section 7 flows to the ammonium bicarbonate production section 5, where CO in the gas flows to the ammonium bicarbonate production section 5 2 Reacting with ammonium carbonate or ammonium carbamate in the circulating liquid to generate ammonium bicarbonate. The carbon dioxide absorption area is provided with 2 layers of spraying, and total ammonia and total CO in the circulating solution are sprayed 2 In a molar ratio of 1.5-2.5.
The gas passing through the carbon dioxide absorption zone 7 enters an ammonia removal functional zone 15, wherein the gas and circulating liquid are sprayed and contacted in a countercurrent manner to absorb free ammonia, and the circulating liquid is circulated by a circulating pump 17. The process gas 16 after ammonia removal is discharged from the top of the tower up to the standard. The ammonia removal functional area 15 is provided with 1 layer of spraying, and liquid is replenished from the cooling functional area 2 through a circulating pump 3.
Examples
The circulating liquid in the ammonium bicarbonate generation area 5 is pumped into an ammonium bicarbonate processing unit through an ammonium bicarbonate discharge pump 11 to produce solid ammonium bicarbonate 14, and the produced long-acting ammonium bicarbonate 14 contains trace ammonium sulfate, wherein the content of the ammonium sulfate is 0.002wt% -0.01wt%. The ammonium bicarbonate treatment unit comprises a crystallization device 12 and a solid-liquid separation device 13, mother liquor 18 is divided into two paths 18-1 and 18-2 to return to the carbon dioxide absorption zone 7, wherein one path 18-1 is provided with an ammonia adding device 19 and an additive adding device 21. The temperature of the mother liquor is controlled at 10-15 ℃, and the mother liquor 18-1 accounts for 35% of the total amount of the mother liquor 18.
The ammonia addition apparatus 19 may be an ammonia addition tank, with the ammonia 20 being 99.8% wt of liquid ammonia. When the decarburization efficiency is controlled to be 70%, the ammonia slip at the inlet of the ammonia removal functional area 15 is 400ppm.
The additive adding device 21 can be a metering scale and a dicyandiamide mixing tank, the additive 22 is solid dicyandiamide, and the dicyandiamide in the ammonium bicarbonate solid is controlled to be 0.1-0.5 wt% through quantitative addition of the metering scale. The period of validity of the produced ammonium bicarbonate fertilizer is 45-65 days.
In comparative fig. 2, without the additive supply unit, ammonia 20 is added from carbon dioxide absorption zone 7. When the decarburization efficiency is controlled to be 70%, the amount of ammonia slip at the inlet of the ammonia removal functional area 15 is 1000ppm. The period of validity of the produced ammonium bicarbonate fertilizer is 30-40 days.
Compared with the graph shown in fig. 2, in the graph shown in fig. 1, because the ammonia adding point is located on the ammonium bicarbonate mother liquor pipe, ammonium bicarbonate reacts with ammonia to generate ammonium carbamate, which can prevent ammonia from being directly added into the decarburization absorption liquid to cause a large amount of ammonia to escape, control ammonia escape from the source and reduce the load of the ammonia removal functional area 15. Meanwhile, because the ammonium bicarbonate mother liquor still contains partial solid, the solubility of the dicyandiamide is low at low temperature, and the dicyandiamide is directly added into the low-temperature solid ammonium bicarbonate mother liquor, which is not beneficial to co-crystallization to form long-acting ammonium bicarbonate. After adding dicyandiamide into the ammonia adding point on the ammonium bicarbonate mother liquor pipe, dicyandiamide and ammonium bicarbonate are completely dissolved, and then the dissolved solution enters the ammonium bicarbonate generation area 5 or the crystallization tank 12 for co-crystallization to produce the long-acting ammonium bicarbonate.
It should be understood, however, that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating preferred embodiments of the invention, are given by way of illustration only, since various changes and modifications within the spirit and scope of the invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from this detailed description. Therefore, the equivalent changes and modifications made according to the claims of the present invention should be covered by the claims of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides an ammonia process desulfurization decarbonization device of production long-term ammonium bicarbonate which characterized in that, the device includes ammonia process desulfurization decarbonization unit, ammonia supply unit, ammonium bicarbonate processing unit, additive supply unit, and ammonia process desulfurization decarbonization unit is connected with ammonium bicarbonate processing unit, produces long-term ammonium bicarbonate.
2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the additive supply unit is connected to the ammonium bicarbonate treatment unit.
3. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the ammonia supply unit is coupled to the ammonium bicarbonate treatment unit.
4. The apparatus of claims 1-3, wherein the ammonium bicarbonate treatment unit comprises a crystallization device and a solid-liquid separation device, a mother liquor reflux pipeline on the solid-liquid separation device is connected with the ammonia desulphurization and decarbonization unit, and an additive addition point is positioned after the ammonia addition point along the direction of mother liquor reflux.
5. The apparatus as claimed in claims 1 to 3, wherein the return line is divided into a plurality of lines, the addition point of the ammonia supply unit being in one of the lines and the addition point of the additive supply unit being in the other line.
6. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein the additive supply unit comprises an additive adding device through which the additive is metered and a metering device comprising one or a combination of a pump, a fan, a scale, and a control valve.
7. The apparatus of claim 3, wherein the ammonia supply unit comprises an ammonia adding device comprising one or a combination of a liquid ammonia diluter, an ammonia distributor, an ammonia adding tank, and a static mixer.
8. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the ammonia desulfurization and decarbonization unit comprises an ammonia desulfurization device and an ammonia decarbonization device, and the ammonia decarbonization device comprises a cooling functional zone, an ammonium bicarbonate generation zone, a carbon dioxide absorption zone and an ammonia removal functional zone.
9. The apparatus of claims 4 and 8, wherein the return line is connected to the carbon dioxide absorption zone.
10. The apparatus of claim 8, wherein the cooling function zone, the ammonium bicarbonate generation zone, the carbon dioxide absorption zone and the ammonia removal function zone are combined into one tower or a plurality of towers, and devices/parts for allowing gas to pass are arranged between the function zones.
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