CN115733400A - Method for obtaining d-q-0 axis inductance parameters of open-winding permanent magnet synchronous motor - Google Patents

Method for obtaining d-q-0 axis inductance parameters of open-winding permanent magnet synchronous motor Download PDF

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CN115733400A
CN115733400A CN202211397240.0A CN202211397240A CN115733400A CN 115733400 A CN115733400 A CN 115733400A CN 202211397240 A CN202211397240 A CN 202211397240A CN 115733400 A CN115733400 A CN 115733400A
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inductance
axis
phase
stator
winding
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张迪
黄林钰
魏艳君
张金龙
漆汉宏
冯辉
蒋博亚
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Yanshan University
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Abstract

The invention discloses a method for acquiring d-q-0 axis inductance parameters of an open-winding permanent magnet synchronous motor, which comprises the following steps: s101, short-circuiting U, V and W terminals in the winding permanent magnet synchronous motor; s102, low-voltage direct current is conducted between two phases of the motor AB, an included angle between a rotor reference shaft and a phase axis of the stator A is locked, and then a power supply is cut off after the angle between the rotor reference shaft and the phase axis of the stator A is locked; s103, measuring the phase inductance value of the three-phase winding of the stator; s104, measuring line inductance values of the three-phase windings of the stator; s105, calculating mutual inductance values among three-phase windings of the stator; s106, obtaining a relation between a three-phase winding flux linkage and a d-q-0 shaft inductance based on a mathematical model of the open-winding permanent magnet synchronous motor; and S107, deriving a d-q-0 axis inductance expression represented by the phase inductance and the line inductance by applying a coordinate transformation theory, and substituting the d-q-0 axis inductance expression into the measured data to obtain the d-q-0 axis inductance.

Description

Method for acquiring d-q-0 axis inductance parameter of open-winding permanent magnet synchronous motor
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of motor control, in particular to a method for acquiring d-q-0 axis inductance parameters of an open winding permanent magnet synchronous motor.
Background
The open-winding permanent magnet synchronous motor is used as a novel motor system which is widely researched in recent years, under the condition that the electromagnetic design and the mechanical structure of a body of an original motor are not changed, a neutral point of a three-phase stator winding in star connection is opened, a power supply inverter is respectively connected to the head end and the tail end of the stator winding, and meanwhile, two sets of inverters are adopted to drive and control the motor. The double-converter topological structure formed in such a way increases the original 8-vector control to 64-vector control, generates more level levels on a phase winding, is more flexible to control, and has a control effect closely related to the accuracy of the measurement of the inductance parameter of the d-q-0 shaft of the motor.
For the measurement of inductance parameters of synchronous motors, there are mainly time constant measurement method, the most value method, finite element calculation method of frozen permeability and load measurement method. Time constant measurement: the time constant is obtained by measuring the current step response, and a balanced three-phase current condition is created, but it is difficult to accurately obtain any rotation angle of the rotor. The maximum method comprises the following steps: the rotor of the motor is slowly rotated, the maximum value and the minimum value of the measurement are calculated, but the motor is artificially slowly rotated, so that the error of the measurement result is large. Finite element calculation of frozen permeability: after the motor load saturation finite element is calculated, the magnetic conductivity of each unit is selected and stored, and then the permanent magnet independent excitation and the stator current independent excitation are respectively subjected to linear finite element calculation, but the calculation amount is huge and the requirement on external equipment is high. And (3) load measurement: the obtained voltage and current waveform, the rotor position and the load angle are recorded in one or two time periods, the inductance value is calculated according to the fundamental wave current, the output of the inverter contains a large number of harmonic waves, and the obtained voltage and current contain abundant harmonic wave components, so that the measurement accuracy is greatly influenced.
The method cannot give consideration to both accuracy and convenience, most attention is paid to measurement of alternating current and direct current axis inductance parameters of the traditional permanent magnet synchronous motor, and the zero axis inductance measurement of a novel motor system of the open winding permanent magnet synchronous motor is less involved. For the drive control of the open winding type permanent magnet synchronous motor, particularly a topological structure of a common direct current bus type double inverter is adopted, and the formed zero sequence current path greatly increases the system loss, so that the zero sequence current must be inhibited; most of suppression schemes of the zero-sequence current greatly depend on the zero-axis inductance parameter value.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of how to accurately obtain the d-axis inductance L of the open-winding permanent magnet synchronous motor d Q-axis inductor L q And zero axis inductance L 0 The parameter value of (2).
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a method for acquiring d-q-0 axis inductance parameters of an open-winding permanent magnet synchronous motor comprises the following steps:
s101, short-circuiting terminals U, V and W in the open-winding permanent magnet synchronous motor, wherein a short-circuiting point is defined as N;
step S102, low-voltage direct current is conducted between two phases of a motor AB, an included angle between a rotor reference shaft and a phase axis of a stator A is locked, and then a power supply is cut off after the angle between the rotor reference shaft and the phase axis of the stator A is locked;
step S103, measuring phase inductance values of the three-phase windings of the stator;
step S104, measuring line inductance values of the three-phase windings of the stator;
step S105, calculating mutual inductance values among three phases of the stator winding;
step S106, obtaining a relation between three-phase winding flux linkage and d-q-0 axis inductance based on a mathematical model of the open-winding permanent magnet synchronous motor;
and S107, deriving a d-q-0 axis inductance expression represented by the phase inductance and the line inductance by applying a coordinate transformation theory, and substituting the d-q-0 axis inductance expression into the measured data to obtain the d-q-0 axis inductance.
The invention has the technical scheme thatThe scheme is further improved in that: in the step S102, the motor stator A is connected with the positive end of the direct-current power supply, and the motor stator B is connected with the negative end of the direct-current power supply; rotating the motor to make the included angle between the reference shaft of the rotor and the phase axis of the stator A constant at theta rA =-30°。
The technical scheme of the invention is further improved as follows: the process of measuring the phase inductance values of the three phases of the stator in step S103 is as follows: using an inductance measuring instrument to respectively connect one end of a measuring terminal into A, B and C three-phase winding ends of a motor stator, and connect the other end of the measuring terminal into a short-circuit point N to measure three-phase inductances L of the motors A-N, B-N and C-N aa 、L bb 、L cc
The technical scheme of the invention is further improved as follows: the process of measuring the line inductance of the three phases of the stator in step S104 is as follows: using an inductance measuring instrument, connecting the two ends of se:Sub>A measuring terminal to any two-phase ends of A, B and C three-phase windings of se:Sub>A motor stator respectively, and measuring to obtain line inductances L of the motors A-B, B-C and C-A ab 、L bc 、L ca
The technical scheme of the invention is further improved as follows: the formula for calculating the mutual inductance value between the three-phase windings of the stator in step S105 is as follows:
Figure BDA0003934005440000031
wherein M is ab 、M ba Is the mutual inductance value between the motors A-B; m bc 、M cb Is the mutual inductance value between the motors B-C; m ca 、M ac Is the mutual inductance value between the motors C-A.
The technical scheme of the invention is further improved as follows: the specific process of step S106 is:
the stator flux linkage equation under the d-q-0 coordinate system is shown as follows:
Figure BDA0003934005440000032
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure BDA0003934005440000033
are respectively d, q and 0 axis magnetic linkage, i of the motor d 、i q 、i 0 Respectively are the shaft currents of a motor d, a motor q and a motor 0,
Figure BDA0003934005440000034
the magnetic linkage is generated by the interlinkage of the permanent magnetic pole and the stator;
inverse transformation matrix [ T ] under coordinate system taking d axis as reference abc ] -1
Figure BDA0003934005440000035
Wherein, theta r Is an included angle between the d axis and a reference axis of the stator A;
obtaining a relational expression of the magnetic linkage under the d-q-0 coordinate system and the magnetic linkage under the three-phase static coordinate system:
Figure BDA0003934005440000041
Figure BDA0003934005440000042
the magnetic flux linkage of the motor stator A, B and C is respectively.
The technical scheme of the invention is further improved as follows: the specific process of step S107 is:
stator flux linkage equation under three-phase static coordinate system:
Figure BDA0003934005440000043
theta is an included angle between the axis of the magnetic pole of the motor rotor and the axis of the A-phase stator winding;
using coordinate transformation theory, substituting θ = θ r =θ rA = -30 degrees, and d-axis inductance L of open-winding permanent magnet synchronous motor is deduced d Q-axis inductor L q And zero axis inductance L 0 The expression is calculated by the following parameters:
Figure BDA0003934005440000044
the inductance value of d-q-0 axis can be obtained by substituting the measured data.
Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the invention has the technical progress that:
the invention realizes the d-axis inductance L of the split winding permanent magnet synchronous motor d Q-axis inductor L q And zero axis inductance L 0 And (6) accurately acquiring parameters. Firstly, utilizing the structural advantages of an open-winding motor to create a balance condition by short-circuiting a stator winding at one end; low-voltage direct current is conducted between two phases of the motor AB, and the included angle between the rotor reference shaft and the axis of the phase A of the stator is locked according to the relation of phase voltage and line voltage; measuring the phase inductance and line inductance values of the three phases of the stator under the condition, and calculating the mutual inductance value between the three-phase windings; then, based on a mathematical model of the open-winding permanent magnet synchronous motor, respectively writing out flux linkage equations in an a-b-c coordinate system and a d-q-0 coordinate system; taking the d axis as a reference axis, carrying out coordinate transformation on the three-phase current of the stator by using i a 、i b 、i c Substitution of i in the d-q-0 flux linkage equation d 、i q 、i 0 (ii) a Calculating d-axis inductance L through flux linkage analysis and conversion d Q-axis inductance L q And zero axis inductance L 0 . The method can give consideration to both accuracy and convenience, utilizes the structural advantages of the open-winding motor, and has low requirements on peripheral experimental equipment; the method has the advantages that the method is supported by a strong theoretical basis, and can accurately acquire zero-axis inductance for the drive control of the open-winding permanent magnet synchronous motor, particularly for the drive mode of adopting a common direct current bus type double-inverter topological structure, and is favorable for improving the suppression effect of zero-sequence current and the control precision of the motor.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an open winding permanent magnet synchronous machine model;
FIG. 2 is an embodiment flow chart;
fig. 3 shows two-phase and three-phase stator windings based on d-axis according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without making any creative effort based on the embodiments in the present invention, belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
The method is based on the condition that the parameters of the split winding permanent magnet synchronous motor are completely unknown, and the inductance of the d-q-0 shaft of the motor is calculated by utilizing the principle that the magnetic flux linkage is equal before and after coordinate transformation.
Fig. 2 is a flowchart of an embodiment of a method for acquiring parameters of an open-winding permanent magnet synchronous motor according to the present invention, where as shown in the figure, the method includes:
and 101, short-circuiting the U, V and W ends of the winding permanent magnet synchronous motor.
In this embodiment, according to the open-winding permanent magnet synchronous motor model of fig. 1, the U, V, W terminals of the open-winding permanent magnet synchronous motor are shorted, and the shorting point is defined as N.
And 102, introducing low-voltage direct current between two phases of the motor AB, and locking an included angle between a rotor reference shaft and a stator phase A axis.
In the embodiment, a programmable direct-current power supply is used for inputting 10V direct current between two phases of a motor AB, the phase A of a motor stator is connected with the positive end of the direct-current power supply, and the phase B of the motor stator is connected with the negative end of the direct-current power supply; the motor rotates a small angle to ensure that the included angle between the reference shaft of the rotor and the A-phase axis of the stator is constant theta rA =-30°。
And 103, measuring phase inductance values of the three-phase windings of the stator.
In the embodiment, after the rotor reference shaft and the phase axis angle of the stator A are locked, the power supply is cut off; using an inductance measuring instrument to respectively connect one end of a measuring terminal into A, B and C three-phase winding ends of a motor stator, and the other end of the measuring terminal into a short-circuit point N to measure three-phase inductances L of the motors A-N, B-N and C-N aa 、L bb 、L cc
And step 104, measuring the line inductance of the three-phase winding of the stator.
In the embodiment, after the rotor reference shaft and the stator A phase axis angle is locked, the power supply is cut off; using an inductance measuring instrument, respectively connecting two ends of se:Sub>A measuring terminal to any two-phase end of A, B and C three-phase windings of se:Sub>A motor stator, and measuring to obtain line inductances L of the motors A-B, B-C and C-A ab 、L bc 、L ca
And 105, calculating mutual inductance values among three phases of the stator winding.
Obtaining the phase inductance L of the three-phase winding of the stator aa 、L bb 、L cc Wired inductance L ab 、L bc 、L ca And (5) carrying out formula (1) to obtain the mutual inductance value between the three-phase windings of the stator.
Figure BDA0003934005440000061
Wherein M is ab 、M ba Is the mutual inductance value between the motors A-B; m bc 、M cb Is the mutual inductance value between the motors B-C; m ca 、M ac Is the mutual inductance value between the motors C-A.
106, obtaining a relation between a three-phase winding flux linkage and a d-q-0 shaft inductance based on a mathematical model of the open-winding permanent magnet synchronous motor
The stator flux linkage equation expression under the d-q-0 coordinate system is as follows:
Figure BDA0003934005440000071
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure BDA0003934005440000072
are respectively d, q and 0 axis magnetic linkage, i of the motor d 、i q 、i 0 Respectively are the shaft currents of a motor d, a motor q and a motor 0,
Figure BDA0003934005440000073
for producing interlinkage between permanent-magnet poles and statorsThe flux linkage of (1);
according to FIG. 3, the inverse transformation matrix [ T ] is shown in a coordinate system with reference to the d-axis abc ] -1
Figure BDA0003934005440000074
Wherein, theta r Is the included angle between the d axis and the reference axis of the stator A.
Obtaining a relational expression of the magnetic linkage under the d-q-0 coordinate system and the magnetic linkage under the three-phase static coordinate system:
Figure BDA0003934005440000075
Figure BDA0003934005440000076
respectively a motor stator A, a motor stator B and a motor stator C.
Step 107, a coordinate transformation theory is applied, a d-q-0 axis inductance expression represented by phase inductance and line inductance is deduced, and the d-q-0 axis inductance expression is substituted into measurement data to obtain d-q-0 axis inductance
In the embodiment, the stator flux linkage equation expression in the three-phase stationary coordinate system is as follows:
Figure BDA0003934005440000077
theta is the included angle between the axis of the magnetic pole of the motor rotor and the axis of the A-phase stator winding.
Obtaining a stator A phase flux linkage equation under a three-phase static coordinate system:
Figure BDA0003934005440000081
wherein the d-axis defined coincides with the rotor axis by θ = θ r Will be θ = θ rA Substituting equation (6) for-30 degrees, so that the stator A phase flux linkage equation has known parameters only including self-inductance value and mutual inductance value:
Figure BDA0003934005440000082
the joint type (2) and the formula (4) obtain a relation formula of d-q-0 inductance and stator A phase flux linkage:
Figure BDA0003934005440000083
according to FIG. 3, the coordinate system with reference to the d-axis is used to down-convert the matrix T abc
Figure BDA0003934005440000084
Obtaining the relation between the current under the d-q-0 coordinate system and the current under the three-phase static coordinate system:
Figure BDA0003934005440000085
substitution of formula (10) for formula (8) yields:
Figure BDA0003934005440000086
theta (theta) mixing r =θ rA Substituting the angle of = 30 degrees into the formula (11), simplifying and combining to obtain the unknown parameters only including L under the three-phase static coordinate system d 、L q 、L 0 The stator phase a flux linkage equation of (1):
Figure BDA0003934005440000091
comparing the coefficient equations of the formula (7) and the formula (12), the calculation equation is obtained:
Figure BDA0003934005440000092
combining the formula (1) and the formula (13) to obtain a calculation expression of the d-q-0 inductance parameter:
Figure BDA0003934005440000093
substituting the above equation into the known measurement parameter: phase inductance L aa 、L bb 、L cc Wired inductance L ab 、L bc 、L ca D-axis inductance L of the open-winding permanent magnet synchronous motor can be calculated d Q-axis inductance L q And zero-axis inductance L 0 The parameter values.
The existing method for measuring the inductance parameter value of the permanent magnet synchronous motor cannot give consideration to both the accuracy and the convenience; and most attention is paid to the measurement of the quadrature-axis and direct-axis inductance parameters of the traditional permanent magnet synchronous motor, while the zero-axis inductance measurement of a novel motor system of the open-winding permanent magnet synchronous motor involves less. For the drive control of the open winding type permanent magnet synchronous motor, particularly a topological structure of a common direct current bus type double inverter is adopted, and the formed zero sequence current path greatly increases the system loss, so that the zero sequence current must be inhibited; most of suppression schemes of zero sequence current greatly depend on zero-axis inductance parameter values, the proposed parameter acquisition method utilizes structural advantages of an open-winding motor, can accurately and conveniently acquire d-q-0 axis inductance parameters of the motor, and effectively improves the control effect of various control technologies on the open-winding PMSM.
The invention realizes the d-axis inductance L of the split winding permanent magnet synchronous motor d Q-axis inductor L q And zero axis inductance L 0 And (6) accurately acquiring parameters. Firstly, utilizing the structural advantages of an open-winding motor to create a balance condition by short-circuiting a stator winding at one end; low-voltage direct current is conducted between two phases AB of the motor, and an included angle between a rotor reference shaft and a phase axis of the stator A is locked according to the relation of phase voltage and line voltage; measuring phase inductance and line inductance values of three phases of the stator under the condition, and calculating mutual inductance values among three-phase windings; then, based on the mathematical model of the open winding permanent magnet synchronous motor, respectively writing outa flux linkage equation under an a-b-c coordinate system and a d-q-0 coordinate system; taking the d axis as a reference axis, carrying out coordinate transformation on the three-phase current of the stator by i a 、i b 、i c Substitution of i in the d-q-0 flux linkage equation d 、i q 、i 0 (ii) a Calculating d-axis inductance L through flux linkage analysis and conversion d Q-axis inductor L q And zero axis inductance L 0 . The method can give consideration to both accuracy and convenience, and has low requirements on peripheral experimental equipment; and strong theoretical basis is used for supporting, the zero-axis inductance can be accurately obtained for the drive control of the open-winding permanent magnet synchronous motor, particularly for the drive mode adopting a common direct-current bus type double-inverter topological structure, and the suppression effect of zero-sequence current and the control precision of the motor are improved.

Claims (7)

1. A method for acquiring d-q-0 axis inductance parameters of an open-winding permanent magnet synchronous motor is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
s101, short-circuiting U, V and W terminals in a winding permanent magnet synchronous motor, wherein a short-circuiting point is defined as N;
step S102, low-voltage direct current is conducted between two phases of a motor AB, an included angle between a rotor reference shaft and a phase axis of a stator A is locked, and then a power supply is cut off after the angle between the rotor reference shaft and the phase axis of the stator A is locked;
step S103, measuring the phase inductance value of the three-phase winding of the stator;
step S104, measuring line inductance values of the three-phase windings of the stator;
step S105, calculating mutual inductance values among three phases of the stator winding;
s106, obtaining a relation between a three-phase winding flux linkage and a d-q-0 shaft inductance based on a mathematical model of the open-winding permanent magnet synchronous motor;
and S107, deriving a d-q-0 axis inductance expression represented by the phase inductance and the line inductance by applying a coordinate transformation theory, and substituting the d-q-0 axis inductance expression into the measured data to obtain the d-q-0 axis inductance.
2. The method for obtaining the d-q-0 axis inductance parameter of the open-winding permanent magnet synchronous motor according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following stepsIs characterized in that: in the step S102, a motor stator A is connected with the positive end of a direct-current power supply, and a motor stator B is connected with the negative end of the direct-current power supply; rotating the motor to make the included angle between the reference shaft of the rotor and the phase axis of the stator A constant at theta rA =-30°。
3. The method for obtaining the d-q-0 axis inductance parameter of the open-winding permanent magnet synchronous motor according to claim 2, is characterized in that: the process of measuring the phase inductance values of the three-phase stator winding in step S103 is as follows: using an inductance measuring instrument to respectively connect one end of a measuring terminal into A, B and C three-phase winding ends of a motor stator, and the other end of the measuring terminal into a short-circuit point N to measure three-phase inductances L of the motors A-N, B-N and C-N aa 、L bb 、L cc
4. The method for obtaining the d-q-0 axis inductance parameter of the open-winding permanent magnet synchronous motor according to claim 3, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the process of measuring the line inductance of the stator three-phase winding in step S104 is as follows: using an inductance measuring instrument, respectively connecting two ends of se:Sub>A measuring terminal to any two-phase end of A, B and C three-phase windings of se:Sub>A motor stator, and measuring to obtain line inductances L of the motors A-B, B-C and C-A ab 、L bc 、L ca
5. The method for obtaining the d-q-0 axis inductance parameter of the open-winding permanent magnet synchronous motor according to claim 4, characterized by comprising the following steps: the formula for calculating the mutual inductance value between the three-phase windings of the stator in step S105 is as follows:
Figure FDA0003934005430000021
wherein M is ab 、M ba Is the mutual inductance value between the motors A-B; m bc 、M cb Is the mutual inductance value between the motors B-C; m ca 、M ac Is the mutual inductance value between the motors C-A.
6. The method for obtaining the d-q-0 axis inductance parameter of the open-winding permanent magnet synchronous motor according to claim 5, is characterized in that: the specific process of step S106 is:
the stator flux linkage equation in the d-q-0 coordinate system is shown as follows:
Figure FDA0003934005430000022
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure FDA0003934005430000023
respectively, motor d, q, 0 axis flux linkage, i d 、i q 、i 0 Respectively the d, q and 0 axis currents of the motor,
Figure FDA0003934005430000024
the magnetic linkage is generated by the interlinkage of the permanent magnetic pole and the stator;
inverse transformation matrix [ T ] under coordinate system taking d axis as reference abc ] -1
Figure FDA0003934005430000025
Wherein, theta r Is an included angle between the d axis and the reference axis of the stator A;
and obtaining a relation between the magnetic linkage under the d-q-0 coordinate system and the magnetic linkage under the three-phase static coordinate system:
Figure FDA0003934005430000031
Figure FDA0003934005430000032
the magnetic flux linkage of the motor stator A, B and C is respectively.
7. The method for obtaining the d-q-0 axis inductance parameter of the open-winding permanent magnet synchronous motor according to claim 6, characterized in that: the specific process of step S107 is:
stator flux linkage equation under three-phase static coordinate system:
Figure FDA0003934005430000033
theta is an included angle between the axis of the magnetic pole of the motor rotor and the axis of the A-phase stator winding;
using coordinate transformation theory, substituting θ = θ r =θ rA = -30 degrees, and d-axis inductance L of open-winding permanent magnet synchronous motor is deduced d Q-axis inductor L q And zero axis inductance L 0 The parameter calculation expression of (2):
Figure FDA0003934005430000034
the inductance value of d-q-0 axis can be obtained by substituting the measured data.
CN202211397240.0A 2022-11-09 2022-11-09 Method for obtaining d-q-0 axis inductance parameters of open-winding permanent magnet synchronous motor Pending CN115733400A (en)

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