CN115732907A - Antenna structure and wireless communication device - Google Patents

Abstract

The present disclosure relates to antenna structures and wireless communication devices. An antenna structure includes a first resonant unit and a second resonant unit. The first resonance unit is used for transmitting an input signal into a first wireless signal. The second resonance unit is used for transmitting the input signal into a second wireless signal. The first resonant unit and the second resonant unit have substantially the same operating frequency band, and the first resonant unit and the second resonant unit are a single continuous metal structure.

Description

Antenna structure and wireless communication device

technical field

The present invention relates to an antenna structure and a wireless communication device, in particular to a planar antenna structure and a related wireless communication device.

Background technique

In wireless communication, since the radiation pattern of the antenna has a sag (Null), a single antenna has a lower radiation efficiency at the sag of the field pattern. In order to enable omnidirectional transmission (or reception) of signals more effectively, the wireless communication device is equipped with multiple antennas to cover all directions. However, the installation of multiple antennas takes up more area, and for electronic devices that are increasingly thinner and smaller, the installation of antennas obviously has its limitations.

Contents of the invention

The invention discloses an antenna structure, which includes a first resonant unit and a second resonant unit. The first resonance unit is used to transmit the input signal as a first wireless signal. The second resonance unit is used to transmit the input signal as a second wireless signal. The first resonance unit and the second resonance unit have substantially the same operating frequency band, and the first resonance unit and the second resonance unit are a single continuous metal structure.

The invention discloses a wireless communication device, which includes a circuit substrate. The circuit substrate contains the antenna structure. The antenna structure is used to transmit the input signal as a first wireless signal or a second wireless signal. The first field pattern of the first wireless signal and the second field pattern of the second wireless signal are mirror images. The antenna structure is a plane symmetrical structure, and is a single continuous metal structure.

The antenna structure and the wireless communication device of the present invention utilize a single symmetrical antenna structure with double feed points to generate a symmetrical radiation pattern. The symmetrical radiation patterns cover each other's dead ends for sending and receiving. Compared with the conventional technology, the antenna structure and the wireless communication device of the present invention do not use additional wiring area, but also have the function of omnidirectional signal transmission and reception.

Description of drawings

Aspects of the present application are best understood from a reading of the following description and accompanying drawings. It should be noted that, in accordance with standard working practice in the art, the various features in the figures are not drawn to scale. In fact, the dimensions of some features may be exaggerated or reduced for clarity of description.

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an antenna structure in some embodiments of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the radiation pattern of the antenna structure in some embodiments of the present invention.

FIG. 3 , FIG. 4 and FIG. 5 are schematic diagrams of reflection losses of antenna structures in some embodiments of the present invention.

6 and 7 are schematic diagrams of antenna structures in other embodiments of the present invention.

8 and 9 are schematic diagrams of wireless communication devices in some embodiments of the present invention.

Detailed ways

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of an antenna structure 10 of the present invention. The antenna structure 10 is a planar single continuous metal structure. In some embodiments, the antenna structure 10 is implemented as a printed circuit board. For example, the antenna structure 10 is formed of the metal of the first conductive layer of a two-layer printed circuit board. It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the foregoing embodiments, and the antenna structure 10 can also be applied to a single-layer or multi-layer circuit board, and the first conductive layer can be, for example, a top layer metal or a bottom layer metal .

The antenna structure 10 includes a resonant unit 100 , a resonant unit 200 and a conductive plane 300 . The conductive plane 300 has an opening OP1. The resonant unit 100 and the resonant unit 200 are disposed in the notch OP1. The resonant unit 100 and the resonant unit 200 are planar inverted-F antennas (PIFA) and arranged symmetrically. The resonant unit 100 and the resonant unit 200 share a portion of the conductive structure. Specifically, the resonant unit 100 includes a feed-in pin 110 , a radiation portion 120 and a short-circuit pin 130 , and the resonant unit 200 includes a feed-in pin 210 , a radiation portion 220 and a short-circuit pin 130 . Wherein the radiation part 120 extends along the X direction and connects to the radiation part 220 which also extends along the X direction; the feed-in pin 110, the short-circuit pin 130 and the feed-in pin 210 are all directly connected to the radiation part 120 or the radiation part 220. On the same side, and extending along the Y direction (negative Y direction in this figure) perpendicular to the X direction. The resonant unit 100 and the resonant unit 200 share the short-circuit pin 130 , and the short-circuit pin 130 is further electrically coupled to the conductive plane 300 . In this embodiment, the conductive plane 300 is used for grounding.

The resonant unit 100 transmits an input signal SIN1 into a wireless signal SW1 by using its own LC resonant structure. The resonant unit 100 uses the feed-in pin 110 to receive the input signal SIN1 , and uses the radiation part 120 to transmit the wireless signal SW1 . Similarly, the resonant unit 200 uses the feed-in pin 210 to receive the input signal SIN1 , and uses the radiation part 220 to transmit the wireless signal SW2 . Since the resonant unit 100 and the resonant unit 200 are arranged symmetrically, that is, the structures of the resonant unit 100 and the resonant unit 200 are mirror images of each other, the operating frequency band of the resonant unit 100 is substantially the same as that of the resonant unit 200 . In other words, the antenna structure 10 as a whole is a single-mode dual-feed-point single antenna with only one operating frequency band. In some embodiments, the operating frequency band of the antenna structure 10 is approximately 220 MHz (2.38˜2.60 GHz), wherein the operating frequency band may be determined by a reflection loss of 10 dB.

As shown in FIG. 1 , the feed-in pin 110 , the short-circuit pin 130 and the feed-in pin 210 are sequentially arranged in parallel. Because of the symmetrical arrangement, the feed-in pin 110 and the feed-in pin 210 have substantially the same size and shape, and the distance G1 between the feed-in pin 110 and the short-circuit pin 130 is substantially equal to the distance G1 between the feed-in pin 210 and the short-circuit pin. The distance G2 between the feet 130 . In conclusion, the length L1 of the radiating portion 120 is approximately equal to the length L2 of the radiating portion 220 . It should be noted that the radiating portion 120 and the radiating portion 220 may be arranged in a straight line along the X direction, or may deviate from the X direction and be bent or in other forms.

In some embodiments, the distances G1 and G2 are about 1.9 mm; the lengths L1 and L2 are about 10.4 mm; the length H1 of the short side of the notch OP1 is about 9.3 mm; the length H2 of the long side of the notch OP1 is about 24 mm The distance D1 (along the X direction) between one end of the radiation part 120 and the conductive plane 300 is about 1.6 mm; and the distance D2 (along the X direction) between one end of the radiation part 220 and the conductive plane 300 is about 1.6 mm .

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a radiation pattern of an embodiment of the antenna structure 10 of the present invention. The antenna structure 10 is used to selectively transmit the input signal SIN1 as a wireless signal SW1 having a radiation pattern RP1 (shown by a dotted line) or a wireless signal SW2 having a radiation pattern RP2 (shown by a solid line). .

Since the resonance unit 100 and the resonance unit 200 are arranged symmetrically, the radiation pattern RP1 and the radiation pattern RP2 are also symmetrical. As shown in FIG. 2 , the radiation pattern RP1 and the radiation pattern RP2 are mirror-symmetrical along the line connecting 0° and 180°. The radiation pattern RP1 has a depression NULL1 at approximately 145°, and the radiation pattern RP2 has a depression NULL2 at approximately 215°.

When the antenna structure 10 uses the resonant unit 100 to transmit the wireless signal SW1, the feed-in pin 210 is open, that is, the resonant unit 200 is idle. On the contrary, when the antenna structure 10 uses the resonant unit 200 to transmit the wireless signal SW2, the feed-in pin 110 is open, and the resonant unit 100 is idle.

The recess NULL1 and the recess NULL2 are dead angles for transmitting and receiving of the resonant unit 100 and the resonant unit 200 respectively. Due to the symmetrical arrangement of the resonant unit 100 and the resonant unit 200, the sag NULL1 of the radiation pattern RP1 is covered by the non-sag of the radiation pattern RP2, and the sag NULL2 of the radiation pattern RP2 is covered by the non-sag of the radiation pattern RP1. Therefore, overall, the antenna structure 10 can switch between the radiation pattern RP1 and the radiation pattern RP2 to achieve omnidirectional signal transmission and reception.

The arrangement of the above-mentioned antenna structure 10 is only an example, and various antenna structures 10 are within the consideration and scope of the present invention. For example, in various embodiments, the length L1 , the length L2 , the distance G1 , the distance G2 , the distance D1 and the distance D2 of the antenna structure 10 can be realized by different values. Please refer to Figure 3, Figure 4 and Figure 5.

FIG. 3 , FIG. 4 and FIG. 5 are schematic diagrams of the reflection loss of the antenna structure 10 of the present invention. In some embodiments, when the lengths L1 and L2 of the radiation part 120 and the radiation part 220 are shortened from 10.4 mm to 9.9 mm and 9.4 mm, the reflection loss performance of the antenna structure 10 is transformed from the curve RL1 to the curve RL2 and the curve RL3 (please refer to Figure 3). It can be seen that when the lengths L1 and L2 are shortened, the operating frequency band of the antenna structure 10 shifts to high frequencies, and the reflection loss increases accordingly. In some embodiments, adjusting the lengths L1 , L2 can jointly adjust the operating frequency band of the antenna structure 10 .

In some embodiments, when the distance G1 between the feed-in pin 110 and the short-circuit pin 130 and the distance G2 between the feed-in pin 210 and the short-circuit pin 130 are shortened from 1.9 mm to 1.5 mm and 1.1 mm , the reflection loss performance of the antenna structure 10 is transformed from the curve RL4 to the curve RL5 and the curve RL6 (please refer to FIG. 4 ). It can be seen that, when the distances G1 and G2 are shortened, the operating frequency band of the antenna structure 10 shifts to high frequencies, and the reflection loss increases accordingly. In some embodiments, adjusting the distances G1 , G2 can jointly adjust the input impedance of the antenna structure 10 .

In some embodiments, when the distance D1 between the radiation part 120 and the conductive plane 300 and the distance D2 between the radiation part 220 and the conductive plane 300 are shortened from 1.6 mm to 1.4 mm and 1.2 mm, the reflection of the antenna structure 10 The loss performance is transformed from curve RL7 to curve RL8 and curve RL9 (please refer to FIG. 5 ). It can be seen that, when the distances D1 and D2 are shortened, the operating frequency band of the antenna structure 10 shifts to low frequency. In some embodiments, adjusting the distances D1 and D2 can jointly adjust the capacitance of the capacitive coupling of the antenna structure 10 . When the capacitance value of the capacitive coupling of the antenna structure 10 increases, the size of the antenna structure 10 itself can be reduced while maintaining the same operating frequency band.

In some embodiments, the antenna structure 10 further includes a resonant unit 400 and a resonant unit 500 . Please refer to the schematic diagram of the antenna structure 10 in FIG. 6 . The resonance unit 400 includes a feed-in pin 410 , a radiation portion 420 and a short-circuit pin 430 , and the resonance unit 500 includes a feed-in pin 510 , a radiation portion 520 and a short-circuit pin 430 . The resonant unit 400 and the resonant unit 500 share the short pin 430 . The short pin 430 is electrically coupled to the conductive plane 300 . The conductive plane 300 further includes an opening OP2, wherein the resonant unit 400 and the resonant unit 500 are disposed in the opening OP2. The resonance unit 400 is similar to the resonance unit 100 , and the resonance unit 500 is similar to the resonance unit 200 . More specifically, the resonant unit 400 is the same as the resonant unit 100 and is mirror-symmetrical along the auxiliary line AA' in FIG. 6 , and the resonant unit 500 is the same as the resonant unit 200 and is mirror-symmetrical along the auxiliary line AA'. In other words, the resonant unit 400 and the resonant unit 500 are disposed on opposite sides of the antenna structure 10 with respect to the resonant unit 100 and the resonant unit 200 .

The resonant unit 400 uses the feed-in pin 410 to receive the input signal SIN2 , and uses the radiation part 420 to transmit the wireless signal SW3 . Similarly, the resonant unit 500 uses the feed-in pin 510 to receive the input signal SIN2 , and uses the radiation part 520 to transmit the wireless signal SW4 . The operating frequency band of the resonant unit 400 is substantially the same as that of the resonant unit 500 , and the radiation pattern RP3 of the wireless signal SW3 and the radiation pattern RP4 of the wireless signal SW4 are mirror images. In some embodiments, the input signal SIN1 is the same as the input signal SIN2, and when the resonance unit 400 transmits the wireless signal SW3, the resonance unit 500 is idle; when the resonance unit 500 transmits the wireless signal SW4, the resonance unit 400 is idle. But the present invention is not limited thereto.

In other embodiments, the resonant unit 400 and the resonant unit 500 are disposed on adjacent sides of the antenna structure 10 relative to the resonant unit 100 and the resonant unit 200 . Please refer to Figure 7. The resonant unit 400 and the resonant unit 500 shown in FIG. 7 are similar to the resonant unit 400 and the resonant unit 500 shown in FIG. 6 , only the positions are different. Therefore, details about the resonance unit 400 and the resonance unit 500 will not be repeated here.

Refer to Figure 8. FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a wireless communication device 80 of the present invention. The wireless communication device 80 includes a circuit substrate 81 and a processing circuit 82 . In some embodiments, the circuit substrate 81 may include the antenna structure 10 shown in FIG. 1 , FIG. 6 or FIG. 7 . For simplicity, the antenna structure 10 in the embodiment of FIG. 8 is illustrated as the antenna structure 10 shown in FIG. 1 .

In some embodiments, when the antenna structure 10 transmits the wireless signal SW1 or SW2, the processing circuit 82 compares the throughputs of the resonant units 100 and 200 (for example, compares the transmission power of the two), and selects to use the resonant unit with higher throughput. The unit 100 or 200 transmits the wireless signal SW1 or SW2. The processing circuit 82 is used for generating the control signal SC according to the throughput of the resonant units 100 and 200 . The processing circuit 82 is used to transmit the control signal SC to the circuit substrate 81 , so that the antenna structure 10 switches to transmit the wireless signal SW1 or the wireless signal SW2 according to the control signal SC.

In some embodiments, the antenna structure 10 is further used to receive the wireless signals SW5 and SW6 through the resonance units 100 and 200, wherein the wireless signals SW5 and SW6 are substantially the same, and for easy understanding, the wireless signal SW5 received by the resonance unit 100 is called , and the wireless signal SW6 received by the resonance unit 200 is called. The processing circuit 82 is further used for comparing received signal strength indicators (RSSI) of the received wireless signals SW5 and SW6. The processing circuit 82 generates a control signal SC to select the resonant unit with the higher RSSI as the resonant unit for receiving, and make the other one idle.

In some embodiments, the processing circuit 82 is disposed in the circuit substrate 81 , as shown in FIG. 9 .

The antenna structure 10 and the wireless communication device 80 provided by the present invention utilize a planar single-structure antenna with two feeding pins, and have the ability to generate various radiation patterns. And switch the resonant unit with better sending and receiving capability to send and receive signals according to the energy of the wireless signal sent and received. In addition to not increasing the area occupied by the antenna, it also has omnidirectional transceiver capability.

The above description briefly presents the features of certain embodiments of the present application, so that those skilled in the art to which the present application belongs can more fully understand various aspects of the content of the present application. Those with ordinary knowledge in the technical field of this application should understand that they can easily use the contents of this application as a basis to design or change other processes and structures, so as to achieve the same purpose and/or achieve the same purpose as the embodiment here same advantages. Those with ordinary knowledge in the technical field to which this application belongs should understand that these equivalent embodiments still belong to the spirit and scope of the content of the application, and they can carry out various changes, substitutions and changes without departing from the spirit of the content of the application with range.

【Symbol Description】

10: Antenna structure

80: wireless communication device

81: Circuit substrate

82: Processing circuit

100: Resonant unit

110: Feed-in pin

120: Department of Radiation

130: Short circuit pin

200: Resonant unit

210: Feed-in pin

220: Radiation Department

300: conductive plane

400: Resonant unit

410: Feed-in pin

420: Radiation Department

430: short circuit pin

500: Resonant unit

510: Feed-in pin

520: Radiation Department

AA': auxiliary line

D1: distance

D2: distance

G1: Distance

G2: Distance

H1: side length

H2: side length

L1: Length

L2: Length

NULL1: concave

NULL2: sunken

OP1: Gap

OP2: Gap

RL1: curve

RL2: curve

RL3: Curve

RL4: Curve

RL5: Curve

RL6: Curve

RL7: Curve

RL8: Curve

RL9: Curve

RP1: Radiation field pattern

RP2: Radiation field pattern

SC: Control signal

SW1: wireless signal

SW2: wireless signal

SW3: wireless signal

SW4: wireless signal

SW5: wireless signal

SW6: wireless signal

Claims (10)

1. An antenna structure, comprising: a first resonant unit, used to transmit an input signal into a first wireless signal; and a second resonant unit for transmitting the input signal into a second wireless signal, Wherein the first resonant unit and the second resonant unit have substantially the same operating frequency band, and the first resonant unit and the second resonant unit are a single continuous metal structure. 2. The antenna structure according to claim 1, wherein the first resonant unit comprises: a first feed-in pin for receiving the input signal; a first radiation terminal for transmitting the first wireless signal; and A short circuit pin. 3. The antenna structure according to claim 2, wherein the second resonant unit comprises: a second feed-in pin for receiving the input signal; and A second radiation end is used for transmitting the second wireless signal. 4. The antenna structure according to claim 3, wherein the first resonant unit and the second resonant unit share the short-circuit pin. 5. The antenna structure according to claim 3, wherein the first feeding pin, the short-circuit pin and the second feeding pin are sequentially arranged in parallel, Wherein there is a first distance between the first feeding pin and the shorting pin, and there is a second distance between the shorting pin and the second feeding pin, wherein the first distance is substantially equal to the second spacing. 6. The antenna structure according to claim 2, further comprising: a conductive plane electrically coupled to the short-circuit pin, Wherein the conductive plane has a first notch, wherein the first resonant unit and the second resonant unit are arranged in the first notch. 7. The antenna structure according to claim 1, wherein the first resonant unit and the second resonant unit are planar inverted-F antennas (PIFA) and arranged symmetrically. 8. A wireless communication device comprising: a circuit substrate comprising an antenna structure, wherein the antenna structure is used to transmit an input signal as a first wireless signal or a second wireless signal, A first field pattern of the first wireless signal and a second field pattern of the second wireless signal are mirror-symmetrical, and the antenna structure is a plane symmetrical structure and a single continuous metal structure. 9. The wireless communication device according to claim 8, wherein the antenna structure comprises: a first resonant unit; and A second resonance unit. 10. The wireless communication device according to claim 9, wherein the first resonance unit comprises: a first feed-in pin for receiving the input signal; a first radiation terminal for transmitting the first wireless signal; and a short circuit pin, Wherein the second resonance unit includes: a second feed-in pin for receiving the input signal; and a second radiating end for transmitting the second wireless signal, Wherein the first resonant unit and the second resonant unit share the short-circuit pin.

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