CN115728662A - Battery fault risk judgment method and device and vehicle - Google Patents
Battery fault risk judgment method and device and vehicle Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The disclosure relates to a battery fault risk judgment method, a battery fault risk judgment device and a vehicle, wherein the method comprises the following steps: periodically acquiring the voltage value of each single battery in the power battery; respectively determining a voltage energy accumulation parameter corresponding to the current period and a pressure difference consistency parameter corresponding to the current period of each single battery according to the voltage value of each single battery in the current period and m-1 periods before the current period; respectively aiming at each single battery, determining a voltage comprehensive characteristic value corresponding to the current period according to a voltage energy accumulation parameter corresponding to the current period and a voltage difference consistency parameter corresponding to the current period; and determining the fault risk parameters of the power battery according to the voltage comprehensive characteristic value of each single battery corresponding to the current period, the voltage comprehensive characteristic value corresponding to each period of m-1 periods before the current period and the period duration of the current period and the m-1 periods before the current period, and judging whether the power battery has fault risk.
Description
Technical Field
The disclosure relates to the field of vehicles, in particular to a battery fault risk judgment method and device and a vehicle.
Background
The power battery is an important part of the electric vehicle. Whether the power battery can normally operate has important influence on the driving safety of the vehicle. Therefore, it is particularly important to grasp the operating state of the power battery.
In the related art, the operation state of the power battery is mainly monitored through two indexes, wherein one index is the voltage value of the single battery in the power battery, and the other index is the voltage difference between the single batteries in the power battery. When the voltage value of a single battery in the power battery is too high, judging that the power battery needs to be maintained or repaired; when the pressure difference among the single batteries in the power battery is too large, the consistency among the single batteries of the power battery is judged to be poor, and maintenance and repair are needed.
However, before the power battery needs to be maintained, which is determined by an excessive voltage value of the single battery in the power battery or an excessive voltage difference between the single batteries in the power battery, the power battery often operates with a fault for a period of time. In addition, the power battery runs with faults and has certain safety risks.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the present disclosure is to provide a battery failure risk judgment method, a battery failure risk judgment device and a vehicle, wherein when a power battery fails, the time for finding the power battery failure can be advanced to a certain extent by using the method.
In order to achieve the above object, the present disclosure provides a battery failure risk determination method, including:
periodically acquiring the voltage value of each single battery in the power battery;
respectively determining a voltage energy accumulation parameter corresponding to the current period and a pressure difference consistency parameter corresponding to the current period of each single battery according to the voltage value of each single battery in the current period and m-1 periods before the current period, wherein the pressure difference consistency parameter is used for representing the consistency of the voltage between one single battery and other single batteries;
respectively aiming at each single battery, determining a voltage comprehensive characteristic value corresponding to the current period according to a voltage energy accumulation parameter corresponding to the current period and a voltage difference consistency parameter corresponding to the current period;
determining a fault risk parameter of the power battery according to a voltage comprehensive characteristic value of each single battery corresponding to a current period, a voltage comprehensive characteristic value corresponding to each period of m-1 periods before the current period, and the period duration of the current period and the m-1 periods before the current period;
and determining the fault risk of the power battery under the condition that the fault risk parameters meet preset conditions.
Optionally, the determining the fault risk parameter of the power battery according to the voltage comprehensive characteristic value of each single battery corresponding to the current cycle, the voltage comprehensive characteristic values corresponding to the cycles of m-1 cycles before the current cycle, and the cycle durations of the current cycle and the m-1 cycles before the current cycle includes:
determining a power battery consistency parameter corresponding to the current period according to the voltage comprehensive characteristic value of each single battery corresponding to the current period, the voltage comprehensive characteristic value corresponding to the previous period and the current period duration, wherein the power battery consistency parameter is used for representing the consistency of the voltage comprehensive characteristic value change rate of each single battery in the power battery;
and determining the fault risk parameters of the power battery according to the consistency parameters of the power battery corresponding to the current period and m-1 periods before the current period and the period duration of the current period and m-1 periods before the current period.
Optionally, the determining a consistency parameter of the power battery corresponding to the current period according to the voltage comprehensive characteristic value of each single battery corresponding to the current period, the voltage comprehensive characteristic value corresponding to the previous period, and the current period duration includes:
for each single battery, calculating the change rate of the voltage comprehensive characteristic value corresponding to the current period according to the voltage comprehensive characteristic value corresponding to the current period, the voltage comprehensive characteristic value corresponding to the previous period and the current period duration;
amplifying the voltage comprehensive characteristic value change rate corresponding to each single battery and the current period respectively to obtain an amplification rate;
and calculating the consistency parameter of the power battery corresponding to the current period according to the amplification rate of each single battery corresponding to the current period.
Optionally, the pressure difference consistency parameter corresponding to the current period of each single battery is calculated according to the following formula:
wherein, DV j A pressure difference consistency parameter corresponding to the jth single battery and the current period, n is the number of the single batteries in the power battery, v ij J =1, 2.. N, i =1, 2.. M for the voltage value of the jth cell in the ith cycle in the current cycle and m-1 cycles before the current cycle,
or, v i Is v is 1 ～v m A median of (d);
calculating a voltage energy accumulation parameter corresponding to the current period of each single battery according to the following formula:
wherein, E j And obtaining a voltage energy accumulation parameter corresponding to the current period for the jth single battery.
Optionally, the determining, for each single battery, a voltage comprehensive characteristic value corresponding to the current period according to the voltage energy accumulation parameter corresponding to the current period and the voltage difference consistency parameter corresponding to the current period includes:
calculating the voltage comprehensive characteristic value of each single battery corresponding to the current period by the following formula:
F j ＝E j +cDV j
wherein, F j And c is a preset pressure difference consistency coefficient, wherein the voltage comprehensive characteristic value is corresponding to the jth single battery and the current period.
Optionally, the calculating, for each single battery, a change rate of the integrated characteristic value of the voltage corresponding to the current period according to the integrated characteristic value of the voltage corresponding to the current period, the integrated characteristic value of the voltage corresponding to the previous period, and the current period duration includes:
for each single battery, dividing the difference value obtained by subtracting the voltage comprehensive characteristic value corresponding to the previous period from the voltage comprehensive characteristic value corresponding to the current period by the duration of the current period to obtain the change rate of the voltage comprehensive characteristic value corresponding to the current period;
the amplifying processing is respectively carried out on the voltage comprehensive characteristic value change rate corresponding to each single battery and the current period to obtain the amplifying rate, and the amplifying processing comprises the following steps: the amplification rate is calculated using the following formula:
wherein, U j Amplification rate, u, corresponding to the current cycle for the jth cell j Setting a voltage comprehensive characteristic value change rate corresponding to the jth single battery and the current period, wherein alpha is a preset amplification coefficient, and e is a constant;
the step of calculating the consistency parameter of the power battery corresponding to the current period according to the amplification rate of each single battery corresponding to the current period comprises the following steps: calculating the consistency parameter of the power battery corresponding to the current period according to the following formula:
and p is the consistency parameter of the power battery.
Optionally, the determining the fault risk parameter of the power battery according to the consistency parameter of the power battery corresponding to the current cycle and m-1 cycles before the current cycle and the cycle duration of the current cycle and m-1 cycles before the current cycle includes:
calculating a safety risk factor of the power battery in the current period according to the following formula:
r＝1-p
wherein r is a safety risk factor of the power battery in the current period, and p is a power battery consistency parameter corresponding to the current period;
and determining the fault risk parameters of the power battery according to the safety risk factors of the power battery in the current period, the safety risk factors of the power battery in m-1 periods before the current period and the period duration of the power battery in m-1 periods before the current period and the current period.
Optionally, the determining the fault risk parameter of the power battery according to the safety risk factor of the power battery in the current cycle, the safety risk factors of m-1 cycles before the current cycle, and the cycle durations of m-1 cycles before the current cycle and the current cycle includes:
dividing the difference value of the safety risk factor of the power battery in the current period and the safety risk factor of the power battery in the previous period by the duration of the current period to obtain the change rate of the safety risk factor of the power battery in the current period;
the fault risk parameters of the power battery comprise an absolute risk index and a relative risk index, and the absolute risk index and the relative risk index of the power battery are calculated by using the following formulas:
Q＝MaxRiskSpeed
q is the absolute risk index, maxRiskSpeed is the maximum value of the change rates of the safety risk factors of the power battery in the current cycle and m-2 cycles before the current cycle, eta is the relative risk index, and normalRiskSpeed is the average value of the change rates of the safety risk factors of the power battery in the current cycle and m-2 cycles before the current cycle.
Optionally, the preset condition includes:
the absolute risk index is greater than a preset first absolute risk index threshold;
or,
and meanwhile, the relative risk index is larger than a preset relative risk index threshold, the absolute risk index is larger than a preset second absolute risk index threshold, and the number of cycles smaller than the first absolute risk index threshold reaches a preset relative risk cycle number threshold.
The present disclosure also provides a battery fault risk judgment device, including:
the acquisition module is configured to periodically acquire the voltage value of each single battery in the power battery;
the first determining module is configured to determine a voltage energy accumulation parameter corresponding to a current period and a voltage difference consistency parameter corresponding to the current period of each single battery according to a voltage value of each single battery in the current period and m-1 periods before the current period, wherein the voltage difference consistency parameter is used for representing the consistency of voltages between one single battery and other single batteries;
the second determining module is configured to determine a voltage comprehensive characteristic value corresponding to the current period according to a voltage energy accumulation parameter corresponding to the current period and a voltage difference consistency parameter corresponding to the current period respectively for each single battery;
the third determining module is configured to determine a fault risk parameter of the power battery according to a voltage comprehensive characteristic value of each single battery corresponding to a current period, voltage comprehensive characteristic values corresponding to periods m-1 periods before the current period, and period durations of the current period and the m-1 periods before the current period;
the fourth determination module is configured to determine that the power battery has a fault risk when the fault risk parameter meets a preset condition.
The present disclosure also provides a vehicle, which includes a power battery and a controller, where the controller implements the steps of the battery failure risk judgment method provided by the present disclosure when executing the method.
In the technical scheme, the fault risk parameter of the power battery is determined by calculating the voltage comprehensive characteristic value of each single battery corresponding to the current period and m-1 periods before the current period, and whether the power battery has fault risk is judged according to the fault risk parameter of the power battery. Therefore, the abnormity of the power battery can be found in advance to a certain extent, so that a user can maintain the power battery in time, further damage to the power battery is avoided, and the maintenance cost is reduced; meanwhile, the situation that a user drives the vehicle when the power battery is abnormal is reduced, and the driving safety is improved.
Additional features and advantages of the disclosure will be set forth in the detailed description which follows.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the disclosure and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the disclosure and together with the description serve to explain the disclosure, but do not constitute a limitation of the disclosure. In the drawings:
fig. 1 is a flowchart of a method for determining risk of battery failure provided in an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.
Fig. 2 is a flowchart of a method for determining risk of battery failure provided in an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.
Fig. 3 is a block diagram of a battery failure risk determination apparatus provided in an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of specific embodiments of the present disclosure is provided in connection with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating the present disclosure, are given by way of illustration and explanation only, not limitation.
It should be noted that all the actions of acquiring signals, information or data in the present disclosure are performed under the premise of complying with the corresponding data protection regulation policy of the country of the location and obtaining the authorization given by the owner of the corresponding device.
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a method for determining risk of battery failure provided in an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in fig. 1, the battery failure risk judging method includes steps S101 to S105.
In step S101, voltage values of the respective unit cells in the power battery are periodically acquired.
In the disclosure, the voltage value of each single battery in the power battery is acquired once every period; and acquiring the voltage value of each single battery in the power battery once for one cycle. The period duration for periodically acquiring the voltage value of each single battery in the power battery can be fixed or variable. For example, it may be set that the voltage values of the respective unit cells in the power battery are periodically acquired at a cycle of every 10 seconds. For another example, when the temperature of the power battery is lower than a temperature threshold preset by a developer, the voltage value of each single battery in the power battery can be periodically acquired by taking every 10 seconds as a period; and when the temperature of the power battery is higher than a temperature threshold preset by research personnel, periodically acquiring the voltage value of each single battery in the power battery by taking every 1 second as a period.
In step S102, a voltage energy accumulation parameter corresponding to the current period and a voltage difference consistency parameter corresponding to the current period of each single battery are determined according to the voltage value of each single battery in the current period and m-1 periods before the current period, respectively, where the voltage difference consistency parameter is used to represent the consistency of voltages between one single battery and other single batteries.
The current cycle and m-1 cycles before the current cycle mean m cycles in total from the m-1 th cycle before the current cycle to each cycle in the current cycle. The value of m may be set by the developer, for example, m may be set to 10. For example, if m is 10 and the current cycle is the 15 th cycle, then m-1 cycles before the current cycle and the current cycle are each of the 6 th cycle through the 15 th cycle.
The voltage energy accumulation parameter can be defined by a developer and is used for representing the voltage value of the single battery in the current period and m-1 periods before the current period. The voltage energy accumulation parameter can be the sum of the voltage values of the single batteries in the current period and m-1 periods before the current period, and can also be the sum of squares of the voltage values of the single batteries in the current period and m-1 periods before the current period. For example, if the voltage value of a single battery in the power battery in the current cycle and 9 cycles before the current cycle (10 cycles in total, m = 10) is 3.75V, the voltage energy accumulation parameter of the single battery corresponding to the current cycle may be 140.625V (3.75V) 2 *10＝140.625)。
The pressure difference consistency parameter can be defined by a developer and is used for representing the consistency of the voltage between one single battery and other single batteries. For example, the pressure difference consistency parameter corresponding to the current cycle of each single battery can be calculated according to the following formula:
wherein, DV j The pressure difference consistency parameter corresponding to the jth single battery and the current period is defined, n is the number of the single batteries in the power battery, v ij J = voltage value of jth single battery in current period and m-1 periods before the current period1,2,...n，i＝1,2,...m，
Or, v i Is v is 1 ～v m The median of (2).
In step S103, a voltage integrated characteristic value corresponding to the current period is determined according to the voltage energy accumulation parameter corresponding to the current period and the voltage difference consistency parameter corresponding to the current period, for each single battery.
The voltage integration characteristic value may be defined by a developer. For example, the integrated voltage characteristic value may be defined as the sum of the integrated voltage parameter and the differential pressure consistency parameter, so that the integrated voltage characteristic value of a single battery is related to both the voltage value of the single battery (the integrated voltage characteristic value of the single battery is related to the voltage energy integrated parameter) and the voltage consistency between the single battery and other single batteries (the integrated voltage characteristic value of the single battery is related to the differential pressure consistency parameter).
In step S104, a fault risk parameter of the power battery is determined according to the voltage comprehensive characteristic value of each single battery corresponding to the current cycle, the voltage comprehensive characteristic values corresponding to the cycles m-1 cycles before the current cycle, and the cycle durations of the current cycle and the m-1 cycles before the current cycle.
The fault risk parameter of the power battery can be defined by a research and development personnel and is used for judging whether the power battery is in fault risk.
And according to the voltage comprehensive characteristic value of each single battery corresponding to the current period, the voltage comprehensive characteristic value corresponding to each period of m-1 periods before the current period and the period duration of the current period and m-1 periods before the current period, the change rate of the voltage comprehensive characteristic value of each single battery in the current period and m-2 periods before the current period can be obtained.
The magnitude of the change rate of the voltage comprehensive characteristic value of each single battery in the current period and m-2 periods before the current period and the consistency of the change rate of the voltage comprehensive characteristic value of each single battery in the current period and m-2 periods before the current period can be analyzed. The consistency of the change rates of the voltage comprehensive characteristic values of each single battery in the current period and m-2 periods before the current period can be used as a basis for judging whether the power battery has a fault risk, namely, research and development personnel can define fault risk parameters according to the consistency of the change rates of the voltage comprehensive characteristic values of each single battery in the current period and m-2 periods before the current period.
In step S105, in the case that the failure risk parameter satisfies the preset condition, the failure risk of the power battery is determined. Wherein the preset condition is preset by a research and development staff.
In the technical scheme, the fault risk parameter of the power battery is determined by calculating the voltage comprehensive characteristic value of each single battery corresponding to the current period and m-1 periods before the current period, and whether the power battery has fault risk is judged according to the fault risk parameter of the power battery. Therefore, the abnormity of the power battery can be found in advance to a certain extent, so that a user can maintain the power battery in time, further damage to the power battery is avoided, and the maintenance cost is reduced; meanwhile, the situation that a user drives the vehicle when the power battery is abnormal is reduced, and the driving safety is improved.
In another embodiment, determining a fault risk parameter of the power battery according to the integrated voltage characteristic value of each battery cell corresponding to the current cycle, the integrated voltage characteristic values corresponding to the cycles of m-1 cycles before the current cycle, and the cycle durations of the current cycle and the m-1 cycles before the current cycle (step S104) includes:
determining a power battery consistency parameter corresponding to the current period according to the voltage comprehensive characteristic value of each single battery corresponding to the current period, the voltage comprehensive characteristic value corresponding to the previous period and the current period duration, wherein the power battery consistency parameter is used for representing the consistency of the voltage comprehensive characteristic value change rate of each single battery in the power battery;
and determining the fault risk parameters of the power battery according to the consistency parameters of the power battery corresponding to the current period and m-1 periods before the current period and the period duration of the current period and m-1 periods before the current period.
For a certain single battery in the power battery, the voltage comprehensive characteristic value change rate corresponding to the single battery and the current period can be obtained by dividing the difference value between the voltage comprehensive characteristic value corresponding to the single battery and the current period and the voltage comprehensive characteristic value corresponding to the single battery and the previous period by the duration of the current period. The change rate of the voltage comprehensive characteristic value corresponding to the current period of each single battery in the power battery can be calculated.
The consistency parameter of the power battery can be defined by research personnel and is used for representing the consistency of the change rate of the voltage comprehensive characteristic value of each single battery in the power battery. For example, the power battery consistency parameter of the power battery in the current period can be defined as the standard deviation of the voltage comprehensive characteristic value change rate of each single battery in the power battery in the current period. For another example, the power battery consistency parameter of the power battery in the current period may be defined as a variance of the voltage comprehensive characteristic value change rate of each single battery in the power battery in the current period.
The fault risk parameter of the power battery can be defined as the lowest value of the consistency parameter of the power battery in the current period and m-2 periods before the current period. The preset condition is set that the fault risk parameter of the power battery is smaller than a preset threshold value. Therefore, the risk of whether the power battery has a fault can be simply and conveniently judged according to the consistency parameters of the power battery, so that a user can repair and maintain the power battery in time under the condition that the power battery has the fault risk.
In another embodiment, the determining the consistency parameter of the power battery corresponding to the current cycle according to the integrated voltage characteristic value of each single battery corresponding to the current cycle, the integrated voltage characteristic value corresponding to the previous cycle, and the duration of the current cycle includes:
aiming at each single battery, calculating the change rate of the voltage comprehensive characteristic value corresponding to the current period according to the voltage comprehensive characteristic value corresponding to the current period, the voltage comprehensive characteristic value corresponding to the previous period and the current period duration;
amplifying the voltage comprehensive characteristic value change rate corresponding to each single battery and the current period respectively to obtain an amplification rate;
and calculating the consistency parameter of the power battery corresponding to the current period according to the amplification rate of each single battery corresponding to the current period.
In the operation process of the power battery, for each single battery in the power battery, the change of the voltage comprehensive characteristic value corresponding to different periods may not be large for the same single battery, so that the change rate of the voltage comprehensive characteristic value corresponding to the current period of each single battery in the power battery can be amplified. And amplifying the voltage comprehensive characteristic value change rate of the single battery corresponding to the current period to obtain the amplification rate of the single battery corresponding to the current period.
The manner of amplification may be varied. In one embodiment, the voltage integral characteristic value change rate may be multiplied by a constant greater than 1 to obtain a product, and the product may be used as the amplification rate. Accordingly, the standard deviation of the amplification rate of each single battery corresponding to the current cycle can be set as the power battery consistency parameter. In the embodiment, the voltage comprehensive characteristic value change rate corresponding to each single battery and the current period is amplified, so that the consistency parameters of the power batteries can obviously reflect the consistency of each single battery.
In yet another embodiment, the pressure difference consistency parameter corresponding to the current cycle for each cell is calculated according to the following formula:
wherein, DV j The pressure difference consistency parameter corresponding to the jth single battery and the current period is defined, n is the number of the single batteries in the power battery, v ij M-1 weeks before the current cycle for the jth single batteryThe voltage value of the i-th cycle of periods, j =1, 2.. N, i =1, 2.. M,
or, v i Is v 1 ～v m A median of (d);
calculating the voltage energy accumulation parameter of each single battery corresponding to the current period according to the following formula:
wherein E is j And the voltage energy accumulation parameter corresponding to the current period is the jth single battery.
In the embodiment, a specific calculation mode for calculating the pressure difference consistency parameter corresponding to each single battery and the current period and a specific calculation mode for calculating the voltage energy accumulation parameter corresponding to each single battery and the current period are provided, so that the calculation is simple and convenient, and the accuracy is high.
In another embodiment, determining, for each single battery, a voltage comprehensive characteristic value corresponding to the current cycle according to the voltage energy accumulation parameter corresponding to the current cycle and the voltage difference consistency parameter corresponding to the current cycle includes:
calculating the voltage comprehensive characteristic value of each single battery corresponding to the current period by the following formula:
F j ＝E j +cDV j (3)
wherein, F j And c is a preset pressure difference consistency coefficient, wherein the voltage comprehensive characteristic value of the jth single battery corresponds to the current period. The value of c can be determined by research personnel, and in the embodiment, the weight of the voltage energy accumulation parameter and the voltage difference consistency parameter at the voltage comprehensive characteristic value can be controlled according to the value of c. The voltage comprehensive characteristic value can reflect the voltage condition of the single battery and the consistency of the voltage between the single battery and other single batteries.
In another embodiment, for each cell, calculating a change rate of the integrated characteristic value of the voltage corresponding to the current period according to the integrated characteristic value of the voltage corresponding to the current period, the integrated characteristic value of the voltage corresponding to the previous period, and the duration of the current period, includes:
for each single battery, dividing the difference value obtained by subtracting the voltage comprehensive characteristic value corresponding to the previous period from the voltage comprehensive characteristic value corresponding to the current period by the duration of the current period to obtain the change rate of the voltage comprehensive characteristic value corresponding to the current period;
respectively amplifying the voltage comprehensive characteristic value change rate corresponding to each single battery and the current period to obtain an amplification rate, which comprises the following steps: the amplification rate was calculated using the following formula:
wherein, U j Amplification rate, u, corresponding to the current cycle for the jth cell j The variation rate of the comprehensive characteristic value of the voltage corresponding to the jth single battery and the current period is defined as alpha which is a preset amplification coefficient and e which is a constant;
calculating the consistency parameter of the power battery corresponding to the current period according to the amplification rate of each single battery corresponding to the current period, wherein the calculation comprises the following steps: calculating the consistency parameter of the power battery corresponding to the current period according to the following formula:
wherein p is a consistency parameter of the power battery.
In this embodiment, the value of α may be selected by a research and development staff, e may select a natural base number, and with formula (5), the value of the power battery consistency parameter p is a number close to 1, and the closer the value of the power battery consistency parameter p is to 1, the better the consistency of the voltage comprehensive characteristic value change rate of each battery cell in the power battery can be considered, so that the comparison between the value of the power battery consistency parameter p and 1 can be utilized to facilitate the research and development staff to analyze the consistency of the voltage comprehensive characteristic value change rate of each battery cell in the power battery.
In another embodiment, determining the fault risk parameter of the power battery according to the consistency parameter of the power battery corresponding to the current cycle and m-1 cycles before the current cycle and the cycle duration of the current cycle and m-1 cycles before the current cycle includes:
calculating the safety risk factor of the power battery in the current period according to the following formula:
r＝1-p (6)
wherein r is a safety risk factor of the power battery in the current period, and p is a power battery consistency parameter corresponding to the current period;
and determining the fault risk parameters of the power battery according to the safety risk factors of the power battery in the current period, the safety risk factors of m-1 periods before the current period and the period duration of the current period and the m-1 periods before the current period.
In this embodiment, the failure risk parameter of the power battery may be determined according to the safety risk factor of the power battery at the current cycle and m-1 cycles before the current cycle. For example, research and development personnel may set a fault risk parameter of the power battery as a change rate of the safety risk factor of the power battery in each period, set a preset condition (for example, set a preset condition that the change rate of the safety risk factor of the power battery in each period is greater than a preset threshold), and determine whether the power battery is at fault according to whether the change rate of the safety risk factor of the power battery in each period meets the preset condition.
In another embodiment, determining the fault risk parameter of the power battery according to the safety risk factor of the power battery in the current cycle, the safety risk factors of m-1 cycles before the current cycle, and the cycle durations of the current cycle and the m-1 cycles before the current cycle comprises:
dividing the difference value of the safety risk factor of the power battery in the current period and the safety risk factor of the power battery in the previous period by the duration of the current period to obtain the change rate of the safety risk factor of the power battery in the current period;
the fault risk parameters of the power battery comprise an absolute risk index and a relative risk index, and the absolute risk index and the relative risk index of the power battery are calculated by using the following formulas:
Q＝MaxRiskSpeed (7)
q is an absolute risk index, maxRiskSpeed is the maximum value of the change rates of the safety risk factors of the power battery in the current period and m-2 periods before the current period, eta is a relative risk index, and normalRiskSpeed is the average value of the change rates of the safety risk factors of the power battery in the current period and m-2 periods before the current period.
In the embodiment, the fault risk parameters of the power battery are set as the absolute risk parameters and the relative risk parameters, so that research and development personnel can set preset conditions around the relative risk parameters and the absolute risk parameters to judge whether the power battery has a fault risk, the judgment basis is more comprehensive, and the judgment result is more reliable.
In yet another embodiment, the preset conditions include:
the absolute risk index is greater than a preset first absolute risk index threshold;
or,
and meanwhile, the cycle number of which the relative risk index is greater than a preset relative risk index threshold, the absolute risk index is greater than a preset second absolute risk index threshold and is less than the first absolute risk index threshold reaches a preset relative risk cycle number threshold.
The first absolute risk index threshold, the second absolute risk index threshold and the relative risk index threshold are preset by research personnel, and the research personnel can determine the first absolute risk index threshold, the second absolute risk index threshold and the relative risk index threshold according to a test mode,
A second absolute risk index threshold, a relative risk index threshold.
For example, a developer may perform an experiment on a power battery with a voltage difference between unit cells greater than 400mV (i.e., a power battery with a poor consistency of the voltage difference between unit cells), calculate m absolute risk indexes of the power battery in m cycles, and set the lowest value of the m absolute risk indexes as an absolute risk index threshold. The method comprises the steps of calculating m relative risk indexes of the power battery in m cycles, setting a mode of the m relative risk indexes as a relative risk index threshold, and setting the occurrence frequency of the relative risk index threshold (namely the occurrence frequency of the mode) of the m relative risk indexes as a relative risk cycle threshold. In this embodiment, a power battery with poor consistency of the voltage difference between the single batteries (for example, the voltage difference between the single batteries is greater than 400 mV) may be tested, and a criterion for determining a risk of failure of the power battery may be set according to the test result, so that, even if the voltage difference between the single batteries of the power battery to be tested (the battery being used by the user) is not greater than 400mV, the criterion for determining the risk of failure of the power battery may be set according to the test result (the test result of the power battery with poor consistency of the voltage difference between the single batteries), so as to determine whether the power battery to be tested has a risk of failure.
Fig. 2 is a flowchart of a method for determining risk of battery failure provided in an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in fig. 2, the battery failure determination method includes the steps of:
1) Periodically acquiring voltage values of all single batteries in the power battery;
2) Respectively determining a voltage energy accumulation parameter corresponding to the current period and a pressure difference consistency parameter corresponding to the current period of each single battery according to the voltage value of each single battery in the current period and m-1 periods before the current period;
the method comprises the following steps of calculating a pressure difference consistency parameter corresponding to each single battery and a current period according to the following formula:
wherein, DV j A pressure difference consistency parameter corresponding to the jth single battery and the current period, n is the number of the single batteries in the power battery, v ij J =1, 2.. N, i =1, 2.. M for a voltage value of the jth unit cell in an ith cycle in a current cycle and m-1 cycles before the current cycle,
or, v i Is v 1 ～v m A median of (d);
calculating the voltage energy accumulation parameter of each single battery corresponding to the current period according to the following formula:
wherein, E j A voltage energy accumulation parameter corresponding to the current period for the jth single battery is obtained;
3) Respectively aiming at each single battery, determining a voltage comprehensive characteristic value corresponding to the current period according to a voltage energy accumulation parameter corresponding to the current period and a voltage difference consistency parameter corresponding to the current period;
the voltage comprehensive characteristic value corresponding to each single battery and the current period is calculated through the following formula:
F j ＝E j +cDV j
wherein, F j The voltage comprehensive characteristic value of the jth single battery corresponding to the current period is represented, and c is a preset pressure difference consistency coefficient;
4) For each single battery, dividing the difference value obtained by subtracting the voltage comprehensive characteristic value corresponding to the previous period from the voltage comprehensive characteristic value corresponding to the current period by the duration of the current period to obtain the change rate of the voltage comprehensive characteristic value corresponding to the current period;
5) Amplifying the voltage comprehensive characteristic value change rate corresponding to each single battery and the current period respectively to obtain an amplification rate;
wherein the amplification rate is calculated using the formula:
wherein, U j For the amplification rate, u, of the jth cell corresponding to the current cycle j The variation rate of the comprehensive characteristic value of the voltage corresponding to the jth single battery and the current period is defined as alpha which is a preset amplification coefficient and e which is a constant;
6) Calculating the consistency parameter of the power battery corresponding to the current period according to the amplification rate of each single battery corresponding to the current period, wherein the consistency parameter of the power battery corresponding to the current period is calculated according to the following formula:
wherein p is a consistency parameter of the power battery;
it should be noted that, due to the characteristics of the battery, when the State of charge (SOC) of the power battery is greater than a preset SOC upper threshold (e.g. 90%) or the SOC of the power battery is less than a preset lower threshold (e.g. 30%), the voltages of the individual batteries in the power battery are also different under the condition of no fault, so the calculated consistency parameter p of the power battery may be smaller, but in this case (the SOC of the power battery is greater than the SOC upper threshold or the SOC of the power battery is less than the SOC lower threshold), the consistency parameter p of the power battery is lower, which cannot indicate that the power battery has a fault risk, and the consistency parameter of the power battery corresponding to the current period may be set to 1 by default;
in addition, when the power battery is connected to the power supply for charging or pulled out of the power supply for finishing charging, the consistency parameter of the power battery corresponding to the period of the time when the power battery is connected to the power supply or pulled out of the power supply can be defaulted to 1;
7) Calculating the safety risk factor of the power battery in the current period according to the following formula:
r＝1-p
wherein r is a safety risk factor of the power battery in the current period, and p is a power battery consistency parameter corresponding to the current period;
8) Dividing the difference value of the safety risk factor of the power battery in the current period and the safety risk factor of the power battery in the previous period by the duration of the current period to obtain the change rate of the safety risk factor of the power battery in the current period;
9) Defining the fault risk parameters of the power battery as an absolute risk index and a relative risk index, and calculating the absolute risk index and the relative risk index of the power battery by using the following formulas:
Q＝MaxRiskSpeed
q is an absolute risk index, maxRiskSpeed is the maximum value of the change rates of the safety risk factors of the power battery in the current period and m-2 periods before the current period, eta is a relative risk index, and normalRiskSpeed is the average value of the change rates of the safety risk factors of the power battery in the current period and m-2 periods before the current period;
10 Determining the fault risk of the power battery under the condition that the fault risk parameter meets a preset condition (the fault risk of the power battery can be determined by meeting one of the condition 1 or the condition 2);
wherein the preset conditions include:
condition 1: the absolute risk index is greater than a preset first absolute risk index threshold;
condition 2: in the current period and m-1 periods before the current period, the number of periods which meet the condition that the relative risk index is larger than a preset relative risk index threshold value, the absolute risk index is larger than a preset second absolute risk index threshold value and smaller than the first absolute risk index threshold value reaches a preset relative risk period number threshold value.
Fig. 3 is a block diagram of a battery failure risk determination apparatus provided in an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in fig. 3, the battery failure risk judgment apparatus 300 includes an acquisition module 301, a first determination module 302, a second determination module 303, a third determination module 304, and a fourth determination module 305.
The obtaining module 301 is configured to periodically obtain the voltage value of each unit cell in the power battery.
The first determining module 302 is configured to determine a voltage energy accumulation parameter corresponding to a current period and a voltage difference consistency parameter corresponding to the current period of each single battery according to a voltage value of each single battery in the current period and m-1 periods before the current period, respectively, where the voltage difference consistency parameter is used to represent consistency of voltages between one single battery and other single batteries.
The second determining module 303 is configured to determine, for each single battery, a voltage comprehensive characteristic value corresponding to the current period according to a voltage energy accumulation parameter corresponding to the current period and a voltage difference consistency parameter corresponding to the current period;
the third determining module 304 is configured to determine a fault risk parameter of the power battery according to the voltage comprehensive characteristic value of each single battery corresponding to the current period, the voltage comprehensive characteristic values respectively corresponding to the periods m-1 periods before the current period, and the period duration of the current period and the periods m-1 periods before the current period;
the fourth determining module 305 is configured to determine the risk of failure of the power battery if the failure risk parameter satisfies a preset condition.
In yet another embodiment, the third determination module 304 further includes a first determination submodule and a second determination submodule.
The first determining submodule is configured to determine a power battery consistency parameter corresponding to the current period according to the voltage comprehensive characteristic value of each single battery corresponding to the current period, the voltage comprehensive characteristic value corresponding to the previous period and the current period duration, wherein the power battery consistency parameter is used for representing the consistency of the voltage comprehensive characteristic value change rate of each single battery in the power battery.
The second determining submodule is configured to determine the fault risk parameter of the power battery according to the consistency parameter of the power battery corresponding to the current period and m-1 periods before the current period and the period duration of the current period and m-1 periods before the current period.
In yet another embodiment, the first determination submodule further includes a first computation submodule, an amplification submodule, and a second computation submodule.
The first calculation submodule is configured to calculate, for each of the single batteries, a voltage integrated characteristic value change rate corresponding to a current period according to a voltage integrated characteristic value corresponding to the current period, a voltage integrated characteristic value corresponding to a previous period, and a current period duration.
The amplification submodule is configured to amplify the voltage comprehensive characteristic value change rate corresponding to each single battery and the current period respectively to obtain an amplification rate;
the second calculation submodule is configured to calculate a power battery consistency parameter corresponding to the current period according to the amplification rate of each single battery corresponding to the current period.
In yet another embodiment, the pressure difference consistency parameter corresponding to the current cycle for each cell is calculated according to the following formula:
wherein, DV j The pressure difference consistency parameter corresponding to the jth single battery and the current period is defined, n is the number of the single batteries in the power battery, v ij J =1, 2.. N, i =1, 2.. M for a voltage value of the jth unit cell in an ith cycle in a current cycle and m-1 cycles before the current cycle,
or, v i Is v 1 ～v n The median of (2).
Calculating a voltage energy accumulation parameter corresponding to the current period of each single battery according to the following formula:
wherein, E j And the voltage energy accumulation parameter corresponding to the current period is the jth single battery.
In yet another embodiment, the second determining module 303 is further configured to calculate the integrated characteristic value of the voltage corresponding to the current cycle for each battery cell by the following formula:
F j ＝E j +cDV j
wherein, F j And c is a preset pressure difference consistency coefficient, wherein the voltage comprehensive characteristic value is corresponding to the jth single battery and the current period.
In yet another embodiment, the first calculation submodule is further configured to divide a difference value obtained by subtracting the voltage integrated characteristic value corresponding to the previous period from the voltage integrated characteristic value corresponding to the current period by the current period duration for each unit cell to obtain the voltage integrated characteristic value change rate corresponding to the current period.
The amplification sub-module is further configured to calculate the amplification rate using the following equation:
wherein, U j Amplification rate, u, corresponding to the current cycle for the jth cell j And (3) setting the voltage comprehensive characteristic value change rate of the jth single battery and the current period, wherein alpha is a preset amplification coefficient, and e is a constant.
The second calculation submodule is further configured to calculate a power battery consistency parameter corresponding to the current cycle according to the following formula:
wherein p is a consistency parameter of the power battery.
In yet another embodiment, the second determination submodule further includes a third calculation submodule and a third determination submodule.
The third calculation sub-module is configured to calculate a safety risk factor of the power battery in the current period according to the following formula:
r＝1-p
wherein r is a safety risk factor of the power battery in the current period, and p is a power battery consistency parameter corresponding to the current period;
the third determining submodule is configured to determine the fault risk parameter of the power battery according to the safety risk factor of the power battery in the current period, the safety risk factor of m-1 periods before the current period, and the period duration of the current period and m-1 periods before the current period.
In yet another embodiment, the third determination submodule further includes a fourth calculation submodule and a fifth calculation submodule.
The fourth calculation submodule is configured to divide the difference between the safety risk factor of the power battery in the current period and the safety risk factor of the power battery in the previous period by the duration of the current period to obtain the change rate of the safety risk factor of the power battery in the current period;
the fifth calculation submodule is configured to calculate the absolute risk index and the relative risk index of the power battery by using the following formulas, wherein the fault risk parameters of the power battery comprise the absolute risk index and the relative risk index:
Q＝MaxRiskSpeed
q is an absolute risk index, maxRiskSpeed is the maximum value of the change rates of the safety risk factors of the power battery in the current period and m-2 periods before the current period, eta is a relative risk index, and normalRiskSPeed is the average value of the change rates of the safety risk factors of the power battery in the current period and m-2 periods before the current period.
In yet another embodiment, the preset conditions include:
the absolute risk index is greater than a preset first absolute risk index threshold;
or,
and meanwhile, the cycle number of which the relative risk index is greater than a preset relative risk index threshold, the absolute risk index is greater than a preset second absolute risk index threshold and is less than the first absolute risk index threshold reaches a preset relative risk cycle number threshold.
With regard to the apparatus in the above-described embodiment, the specific manner in which each module performs the operation has been described in detail in the embodiment related to the method, and will not be elaborated here.
In the technical scheme, the fault risk parameter of the power battery is determined by calculating the voltage comprehensive characteristic value of each single battery corresponding to the current period and m-1 periods before the current period, and whether the power battery has fault risk is judged according to the fault risk parameter of the power battery. Therefore, the abnormity of the power battery can be found in advance to a certain extent, so that a user can maintain the power battery in time, the power battery is prevented from being further damaged, and the maintenance cost is reduced; meanwhile, the situation that a user drives the vehicle when the power battery is abnormal is reduced, and the driving safety is improved.
The preferred embodiments of the present disclosure are described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings, however, the present disclosure is not limited to the specific details in the above embodiments, and various simple modifications may be made to the technical solution of the present disclosure within the technical idea of the present disclosure, and these simple modifications all belong to the protection scope of the present disclosure.
It should be noted that the various features described in the foregoing embodiments may be combined in any suitable manner without contradiction. In order to avoid unnecessary repetition, various possible combinations will not be separately described in this disclosure.
In addition, any combination of various embodiments of the present disclosure may be made, and the same should be considered as the disclosure of the present disclosure, as long as it does not depart from the spirit of the present disclosure.
Claims (11)
1. A battery fault risk judgment method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
periodically acquiring the voltage value of each single battery in the power battery;
respectively determining a voltage energy accumulation parameter corresponding to the current period and a pressure difference consistency parameter corresponding to the current period of each single battery according to the voltage value of each single battery in the current period and m-1 periods before the current period, wherein the pressure difference consistency parameter is used for representing the consistency of the voltage between one single battery and other single batteries;
respectively aiming at each single battery, determining a voltage comprehensive characteristic value corresponding to the current period according to a voltage energy accumulation parameter corresponding to the current period and a voltage difference consistency parameter corresponding to the current period;
determining a fault risk parameter of the power battery according to a voltage comprehensive characteristic value of each single battery corresponding to a current period, a voltage comprehensive characteristic value corresponding to each period of m-1 periods before the current period, and the period duration of the current period and the m-1 periods before the current period;
and determining the fault risk of the power battery under the condition that the fault risk parameters meet preset conditions.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the determining the fault risk parameter of the power battery according to the voltage comprehensive characteristic value corresponding to the current cycle of each single battery, the voltage comprehensive characteristic value corresponding to each cycle of m-1 cycles before the current cycle, and the cycle duration of the current cycle and m-1 cycles before the current cycle comprises:
determining a power battery consistency parameter corresponding to the current period according to a voltage comprehensive characteristic value of each single battery corresponding to the current period, a voltage comprehensive characteristic value corresponding to the previous period and the current period duration, wherein the power battery consistency parameter is used for representing the consistency of the voltage comprehensive characteristic value change rate of each single battery in the power battery;
and determining the fault risk parameters of the power battery according to the consistency parameters of the power battery corresponding to the current period and m-1 periods before the current period and the period duration of the current period and m-1 periods before the current period.
3. The method according to claim 2, wherein the determining the consistency parameter of the power battery corresponding to the current period according to the voltage comprehensive characteristic value of each single battery corresponding to the current period, the voltage comprehensive characteristic value corresponding to the previous period and the current period duration comprises:
aiming at each single battery, calculating the change rate of the voltage comprehensive characteristic value corresponding to the current period according to the voltage comprehensive characteristic value corresponding to the current period, the voltage comprehensive characteristic value corresponding to the previous period and the current period duration;
amplifying the voltage comprehensive characteristic value change rate corresponding to each single battery and the current period respectively to obtain an amplification rate;
and calculating the consistency parameters of the power batteries corresponding to the current period according to the amplification rate of each single battery corresponding to the current period.
4. The method according to claim 3, wherein the pressure difference consistency parameter corresponding to the current period of each unit cell is calculated according to the following formula:
wherein, DV j A pressure difference consistency parameter corresponding to the jth single battery and the current period is set, n is the single battery in the power batteryNumber of (v) ij J =1, 2.. N, i =1, 2.. M for a voltage value of the jth unit cell in an ith cycle in a current cycle and m-1 cycles before the current cycle,
or, v i Is v is 1 ～v m A median of (d);
calculating the voltage energy accumulation parameter of each single battery corresponding to the current period according to the following formula:
wherein E is j And obtaining a voltage energy accumulation parameter corresponding to the current period for the jth single battery.
5. The method according to claim 4, wherein the determining, for each single battery, a voltage comprehensive characteristic value corresponding to a current period according to a voltage energy accumulation parameter corresponding to the current period and a voltage difference consistency parameter corresponding to the current period comprises:
calculating a voltage comprehensive characteristic value corresponding to the current period of each single battery through the following formula:
F j ＝E j +cDVj j
wherein, F j And c is a preset pressure difference consistency coefficient, wherein the voltage comprehensive characteristic value is corresponding to the jth single battery and the current period.
6. The method according to claim 5, wherein the calculating, for each cell, a change rate of the integrated characteristic value of the voltage corresponding to the current period according to the integrated characteristic value of the voltage corresponding to the current period, the integrated characteristic value of the voltage corresponding to the previous period, and the current period duration includes:
for each single battery, dividing the difference value obtained by subtracting the voltage comprehensive characteristic value corresponding to the previous period from the voltage comprehensive characteristic value corresponding to the current period by the duration of the current period to obtain the change rate of the voltage comprehensive characteristic value corresponding to the current period;
the amplifying processing is respectively carried out on the voltage comprehensive characteristic value change rate corresponding to each single battery and the current period to obtain the amplifying rate, and the amplifying processing comprises the following steps: the amplification rate was calculated using the following formula:
wherein, U j Amplification rate, u, corresponding to the current cycle for the jth cell j The variation rate of the comprehensive characteristic value of the voltage corresponding to the jth single battery and the current period is defined as alpha which is a preset amplification coefficient and e which is a constant;
the step of calculating the consistency parameter of the power battery corresponding to the current period according to the amplification rate of each single battery corresponding to the current period comprises the following steps: calculating the consistency parameter of the power battery corresponding to the current period according to the following formula:
and p is the consistency parameter of the power battery.
7. The method according to claim 6, wherein the determining the fault risk parameter of the power battery according to the power battery consistency parameter corresponding to the current period and m-1 periods before the current period and the period duration of m-1 periods before the current period and the current period comprises:
calculating the safety risk factor of the power battery in the current period according to the following formula:
r＝1-p
wherein r is a safety risk factor of the power battery in the current period, and p is a power battery consistency parameter corresponding to the current period;
and determining the fault risk parameters of the power battery according to the safety risk factor of the power battery in the current period, the safety risk factor of the power battery in m-1 periods before the current period, and the period duration of the power battery in the current period and the m-1 periods before the current period.
8. The method according to claim 7, wherein the determining the fault risk parameter of the power battery according to the safety risk factor of the power battery in the current cycle, the safety risk factor of m-1 cycles before the current cycle, and the cycle duration of m-1 cycles before the current cycle and the current cycle comprises:
dividing the difference value of the safety risk factor of the power battery in the current period and the safety risk factor of the power battery in the previous period by the duration of the current period to obtain the change rate of the safety risk factor of the power battery in the current period;
wherein the fault risk parameters of the power battery comprise an absolute risk index and a relative risk index, and the absolute risk index and the relative risk index of the power battery are calculated by using the following formulas:
Q＝MaxRiskSpeed
q is the absolute risk index, maxRiskSpeed is the maximum value of the change rates of the safety risk factors of the power battery in the current cycle and m-2 cycles before the current cycle, eta is the relative risk index, and normalRiskSpeed is the average value of the change rates of the safety risk factors of the power battery in the current cycle and m-2 cycles before the current cycle.
9. The method according to claim 8, wherein the preset condition comprises:
the absolute risk index is greater than a preset first absolute risk index threshold;
or,
and meanwhile, the relative risk index is greater than a preset relative risk index threshold, the absolute risk index is greater than a preset second absolute risk index threshold, and the number of cycles smaller than the first absolute risk index threshold reaches a preset relative risk cycle number threshold.
10. A battery failure risk judgment device, comprising:
the acquisition module is configured to periodically acquire voltage values of all the single batteries in the power battery;
the first determining module is configured to determine a voltage energy accumulation parameter corresponding to a current period and a voltage difference consistency parameter corresponding to the current period of each single battery according to voltage values of each single battery in the current period and m-1 periods before the current period, wherein the voltage difference consistency parameter is used for representing consistency of voltage between one single battery and other single batteries;
the second determining module is configured to determine a voltage comprehensive characteristic value corresponding to the current period according to a voltage energy accumulation parameter corresponding to the current period and a voltage difference consistency parameter corresponding to the current period respectively for each single battery;
the third determining module is configured to determine a fault risk parameter of the power battery according to a voltage comprehensive characteristic value of each single battery corresponding to a current period, voltage comprehensive characteristic values corresponding to periods m-1 periods before the current period, and period durations of the current period and the m-1 periods before the current period;
the fourth determination module is configured to determine that the power battery has a fault risk when the fault risk parameter meets a preset condition.
11. A vehicle comprising a power cell and a controller which when executed performs the steps of the method of any one of claims 1 to 9.
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