CN115727996A - Bolt pretightening force monitoring device and method and bolt assembly - Google Patents
Bolt pretightening force monitoring device and method and bolt assembly Download PDFInfo
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- CN115727996A CN115727996A CN202111028189.1A CN202111028189A CN115727996A CN 115727996 A CN115727996 A CN 115727996A CN 202111028189 A CN202111028189 A CN 202111028189A CN 115727996 A CN115727996 A CN 115727996A
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- 238000012806 monitoring device Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001338 liquidmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004445 quantitative analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008054 signal transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention discloses a bolt pretightening force monitoring device, a bolt pretightening force monitoring method and a bolt assembly. Through setting up nut connecting piece and the direct plus of bolted connection spare on the bolt that awaits measuring, detect the pretightning force of bolt through the relative movement between sensor monitoring nut connecting piece and the bolted connection spare to can not exert an influence to bolted connection intensity, also need not improve the structure of current bolt, small moreover, easy installation, easy realization, the cost of manufacture is lower.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of bolts, in particular to a bolt pretightening force monitoring device, a bolt pretightening force monitoring method and a bolt assembly.
Background
The key bolt connecting piece in engineering needs to monitor the bolt pretightening force of the key bolt connecting piece, and maintain enough pretightening force to ensure the connection reliability, the device sealing performance and the connection service life. In engineering, the connecting piece often bears the pulsating load, so along with long-time work, pretightening force is inevitably lost, a series of problems are generated, gaps are opened and loosened by the connecting piece, and serious consequences can be generated when the pretightening force is not taken into consideration.
The existing bolt pretightening force detection method mainly comprises the steps that a strain gauge is implanted into a stud, a bolt is connected with the strain gauge to serve as a sensor of a force measuring element, and pretightening force acting on the bolt is measured in a most direct mode, although the mode is most direct and has high precision, the original strength of bolt connection can be influenced by embedding the strain gauge into the stud, the process requirement for implanting the strain gauge and a lead into the bolt is high, and the realization cost is high; in addition, the washer is designed into a special structure so that the washer can realize the measurement of the pre-tightening force in a mode of additionally arranging a film sensor, the method is similar to the method for implanting a strain gauge into a bolt, although the precision is higher, other additional structures are required to be introduced into the bolt connection, the connection strength of the bolt connection is influenced, and in addition, the realization method of the gasket is that the film sensor is plated on the surface of the washer, the process requirement is high, and the reliability is difficult to guarantee; in addition to the two methods of introducing an additional sensor into the connection, a non-contact measurement method is adopted, such as ultrasonic detection, an ultrasonic probe is arranged at the head of a bolt with a prefabricated defect, and quantitative analysis on crack defect expansion can be realized through simulation reverse calculation, so that the method is not common, the cost requirement is high, and the application range is limited; in addition, in recent years, with the development of high-definition industrial cameras, the relative displacement between the bolt and the nut is monitored by using an external camera, but the industrial camera is high in cost as a high-precision testing tool, and the application condition of the industrial camera is limited due to the size limitation.
In summary, four existing methods for detecting the pretightening force of a bolt are urgently needed to provide a monitoring device which can detect the pretightening force in real time and avoid introducing an extra redundant structure into the bolt connection to influence the connection strength of the bolt connection, and meanwhile, the cost is not too high.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects and shortcomings in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a bolt pretightening force monitoring device, a bolt pretightening force monitoring method and a bolt assembly, so as to solve the problem that the monitoring device in the prior art introduces an additional redundant structure to influence the bolt connection strength.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a bolt pretightening force monitoring device which comprises a nut connecting piece, a bolt connecting piece, a sensor and a circuit board, wherein the nut connecting piece is used for being fixed with a nut, the bolt connecting piece is used for being fixed with a bolt, one end of the sensor is connected with the nut connecting piece, the other end of the sensor is connected with the bolt connecting piece, the sensor is electrically connected with the circuit board and used for detecting a relative movement signal of the nut connecting piece and the bolt connecting piece, and a wireless signal transmitter is arranged on the circuit board and used for transmitting the movement signal.
Further, the nut connecting piece is of an annular structure and corresponds to the shape of the nut, and the nut connecting piece is fixed on the periphery of the nut.
Furthermore, the nut connecting piece is provided with a locking piece, and the locking piece is used for locking the nut connecting piece on the nut.
Further, the bottom of bolted connection spare is equipped with the mounting groove, bolted connection spare passes through the mounting groove install in the tip of bolt.
Furthermore, the top of the bolt connecting piece is provided with a containing groove, and the circuit board is installed in the containing groove.
Further, the top of bolted connection spare is equipped with the apron, the apron covers the holding tank, be equipped with on the apron with the through-hole of holding tank intercommunication, wireless signal transmitter's one end is followed the through-hole spills.
Furthermore, be equipped with a plurality of first connecting holes on the nut connecting piece, be equipped with on the bolt connecting piece with a plurality of second connecting holes of first connecting hole complex, the one end of sensor with first connecting hole cooperation, the other end of sensor with the second connecting hole cooperatees.
Further, the sensor is a tension sensor and/or a displacement sensor.
The invention also provides a bolt assembly which comprises a nut, a bolt and the bolt pretightening force monitoring device, wherein the nut connecting piece is fixed with the nut, and the bolt connecting piece is fixed with the bolt.
The invention provides a bolt pretightening force monitoring method, which is used for the bolt pretightening force monitoring device and comprises the following steps:
the sensor monitors a relative movement signal of the nut connecting piece and the bolt connecting piece;
the wireless signal transmitter sends the mobile signal to a terminal;
the terminal is used for processing the mobile signal and comparing the mobile signal with an alarm threshold value, and when the mobile signal reaches the alarm threshold value, the terminal sends out an alarm prompt.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the nut connecting piece and the bolt connecting piece are directly added on the bolt to be detected, and the relative movement between the nut connecting piece and the bolt connecting piece is monitored through the sensor to detect the pretightening force of the bolt, so that the connection strength of the bolt is not influenced, the structure of the conventional bolt is not required to be improved, and the bolt is small in size, easy to install, easy to realize and low in manufacturing cost; when the sensor is damaged, the bolt pretightening force monitoring device is convenient to detach so as to replace a new sensor.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a bolt assembly according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the bolt assembly of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the bolt assembly of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a second schematic view of the bolt assembly of the present invention.
In the figure: the nut connector 11, the locking member 111, the bolt connector 12, the mounting groove 121, the receiving groove 122, the cover plate 123, the through hole 123a, the sensor 13, the circuit board 14, the wireless signal transmitter 141, the nut 21, and the bolt 22.
Detailed Description
To further illustrate the technical means and effects of the present invention adopted to achieve the predetermined objects, the following detailed description of the embodiments, structures, features and effects of the bolt pre-tightening force monitoring device, the monitoring method and the bolt assembly according to the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings and the preferred embodiments is as follows:
fig. 1 is a perspective view of a bolt assembly according to the present invention, fig. 2 is a sectional view of the bolt assembly according to the present invention, fig. 3 is a first disassembled view of the bolt assembly according to the present invention, and fig. 4 is a second disassembled view of the bolt assembly according to the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1 to 4, the bolt assembly provided by the present invention includes a nut 21, a bolt 22 and a bolt pretension monitoring device. The nut 21 and the bolt 22 are engaged by threads and used to fix other objects. The bolt pretightening force monitoring device comprises a nut connecting piece 11, a bolt connecting piece 12, a sensor 13 and a circuit board 14, wherein the nut connecting piece 11 is used for being fixed with a nut 21, the bolt connecting piece 12 is used for being fixed with a bolt 22, one end of the sensor 13 is connected with the nut connecting piece 11, the other end of the sensor 13 is connected with the bolt connecting piece 12, the sensor 13 is electrically connected with the circuit board 14 and is used for detecting relative movement signals of the nut connecting piece 11 and the bolt connecting piece 12, and a wireless signal transmitter 141 is arranged on the circuit board 14 and is used for transmitting the movement signals. The wireless signal transmitter 141 may employ a wireless network (antenna, 4G network, 5G network), bluetooth, or the like. Of course, a processing chip may be further disposed on the circuit board 14, so as to process the moving signal in advance, and preferably, in order to reduce the volume of the bolt tightening force monitoring device, the processing chip may be disposed on a terminal (a mobile phone, a computer, etc.).
According to the invention, the nut connecting piece 11 and the bolt connecting piece 12 are directly added on the bolt to be detected, and the sensor 13 is used for monitoring the relative movement between the nut connecting piece 11 and the bolt connecting piece 12 to detect the pretightening force of the bolt, so that the connection strength of the bolt is not influenced, the structure of the existing bolt is not required to be improved, the bolt can be installed on the existing bolt, and the bolt is small in size, easy to install, easy to realize and low in manufacturing cost; when the sensor 13 is damaged, the bolt pretension monitoring device can be conveniently detached to replace the sensor 13 with a new one.
In this embodiment, the nut attachment 11 has a ring-shaped configuration and corresponds to the shape of the nut 21, and the nut attachment 11 is fixed to the outer periphery of the nut 21. Preferably, the nut connector 11 is a hexagonal ring structure, and the nut 21 is a hexagonal nut so as to be sleeved on the outer circumference of the nut 21. Of course, when the nut 21 is a nut of another shape, the shape of the nut coupler 11 is changed to correspond to the outer shape of the nut 21. Of course, the nut attachment 11 may be sheet-shaped and bonded or welded to the outer periphery of the nut 21.
Further, the nut-coupling member 11 is provided with a locking member 111 (bolt and nut), and the locking member 111 is used to lock the nut-coupling member 11 to the nut 21. The size of the nut-coupling member 11 can be adjusted by the locking member 111 so as to facilitate the removal of the nut-coupling member 11 from the nut 21 or the installation to the outer circumference of the nut 21. Preferably, the height of the nut connecting piece 11 is 1/3 of the height of the nut 21, so that the tensile force requirement can be met. The nut connecting piece 11 can be made of stainless steel or hardened aluminum alloy, and the required locking piece 111 is selected to be fastened and connected at the open ring according to actual conditions. According to the difference of the pre-tightening force and the torsion force, the thickness of the nut connecting piece 11 is 0.4mm-0.8mm, and the nut connecting piece 11 is ensured not to move up and down when being fixed on the nut 21.
Further, the bottom of the bolt coupling 12 is provided with a mounting groove 121, and the bolt coupling 12 is mounted to the end of the bolt 22 through the mounting groove 121. The bolt connection 12 may be provided with a catching structure on the inner wall of the mounting groove 121, by which the bolt connection 12 is fixed over the thread of the protruding end of the bolt 22. Of course, the bolt fastening member 12 may be fixed to the end of the bolt 22 by bonding, welding, or the like.
Further, the top of the bolt connector 12 is provided with a receiving groove 122, and the circuit board 14 is mounted in the receiving groove 122. The cover plate 123 is arranged at the top of the bolt connecting piece 12, the cover plate 123 covers the accommodating groove 122, so that the accommodating groove 122 forms a cavity, the cover plate 123 is provided with a through hole 123a communicated with the accommodating groove 122, one end of the wireless signal transmitter 141 leaks from the through hole 123a, and the signal transmission of the wireless signal transmitter 141 is prevented from being influenced.
Furthermore, a plurality of first connecting holes are formed in the nut connecting piece 11, a plurality of second connecting holes matched with the first connecting holes are formed in the bolt connecting piece 12, one end of the sensor 13 is matched with the first connecting holes, and the other end of the sensor 13 is matched with the second connecting holes. Preferably, the number of the first connection holes and the second connection holes is three, and the aperture and the position are determined according to the connection requirement of the sensor 13.
Further, the sensor 13 is a tension sensor and/or a displacement sensor. Preferably, the number of the sensors 13 is three, and the three sensors 13 may be all tension sensors, or may be a combination of tension sensors and displacement sensors, so as to determine whether the bolt 22 and the nut 21 rotate relatively according to tension signals and displacement signals, and of course, other sensors may be used according to different requirements. Wherein, the tension sensor adopts a strain gauge tension sensor or other novel sensors such as liquid metal and the like. The relative rotation between the bolt 22 and the nut 21 is monitored in real time through a mechanical sensor, and the precision is high. In this embodiment, the sensor 13 is arranged obliquely, and the inclination angle ranges from 30 ° to 60 °, preferably 45 °, so that when the bolt 22 and the nut 21 are loosened, the deformation amount of the tension sensor is larger, and the detection is more sensitive. The specific inclination angle needs to be determined according to the height of the end of the bolt 22 protruding out of the nut 21, and the higher the height of the end of the bolt 22 protruding out of the nut 21 is, the larger the inclination angle is when the sensor 13 is arranged. Of course, in order to maintain the inclination angle within the range of 30 to 60, the height of the nut runner 11 may be made higher when the nut runner 11 is made, thereby reducing the difference in height from the bolt runner 12.
The invention also provides a bolt pretightening force monitoring method, which is used for the bolt pretightening force monitoring device, and the bolt pretightening force monitoring method comprises the following steps:
the sensor 13 detects a signal of the relative movement of the nut connector 11 and the bolt connector 12. Certainly, after the bolt pretightening force monitoring device is installed, an initial value after initial installation needs to be recorded as a reference value, or the tension value of the sensor needs to be subjected to zero clearing treatment after the bolt pretightening force monitoring device is installed.
The wireless signal transmitter 141 transmits the mobile signal to the terminal;
the terminal is used for processing the mobile signal and comparing the mobile signal with the alarm threshold value, and when the mobile signal reaches the alarm threshold value, the terminal sends out an alarm prompt. Certainly, the alarm threshold obtained by calculation needs to be set at the terminal, and the deformation of the sensor can be calculated through the rotation of the nut.
In this document, the directional terms such as upper, lower, left, right, front and rear are defined by the positions of the structures in the drawings and the positions of the structures relative to each other, and are used for the sake of clarity and convenience. It is to be understood that the use of the directional terms should not be taken to limit the scope of the claims. It is also to be understood that the terms "first" and "second," etc., are used herein for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as limiting in number or order.
Although the present invention has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood that various changes, substitutions and alterations can be made herein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. The bolt pretightening force monitoring device is characterized by comprising a nut connecting piece (11), a bolt connecting piece (12), a sensor (13) and a circuit board (14), wherein the nut connecting piece (11) is used for being fixed with a nut (21), the bolt connecting piece (12) is used for being fixed with a bolt (22), one end of the sensor (13) is connected with the nut connecting piece (11), the other end of the sensor (13) is connected with the bolt connecting piece (12), the sensor (13) is electrically connected with the circuit board (14) and is used for detecting relative movement signals of the nut connecting piece (11) and the bolt connecting piece (12), and a wireless signal transmitter (141) is arranged on the circuit board (14) and is used for transmitting the movement signals.
2. The bolt pretension monitoring device according to claim 1, wherein the nut connector (11) is of an annular structure and corresponds to the shape of the nut (21), and the nut connector (11) is fixed to the outer periphery of the nut (21).
3. Bolt pretension monitoring device according to claim 2, characterized in that the nut connection member (11) is provided with a locking member (111), which locking member (111) is used to lock the nut connection member (11) to the nut (21).
4. The bolt pretension monitoring device according to claim 1, wherein a mounting groove (121) is formed at the bottom of the bolt connector (12), and the bolt connector (12) is mounted at the end of the bolt (22) through the mounting groove (121).
5. The bolt pretension monitoring device according to claim 1, wherein a receiving groove (122) is formed at the top of the bolt connector (12), and the circuit board (14) is mounted in the receiving groove (122).
6. The bolt pretightening force monitoring device according to claim 5, wherein a cover plate (123) is disposed on the top of the bolt connecting member (12), the cover plate (123) covers the accommodating groove (122), a through hole (123 a) communicated with the accommodating groove (122) is disposed on the cover plate (123), and one end of the wireless signal transmitter (141) leaks out of the through hole (123 a).
7. The bolt pretightening force monitoring device according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of first connection holes are formed in the nut connector (11), a plurality of second connection holes matched with the first connection holes are formed in the bolt connector (12), one end of the sensor (13) is matched with the first connection holes, and the other end of the sensor (13) is matched with the second connection holes.
8. Bolt pretension monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that the sensor (13) is a tension sensor and/or a displacement sensor.
9. A bolt assembly comprising a nut (21), a bolt (22) and a bolt pretension monitoring device according to any of claims 1-8, wherein the nut attachment (11) is secured to the nut (21) and the bolt attachment (12) is secured to the bolt (22).
10. A bolt pretension monitoring method for a bolt pretension monitoring device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, the bolt pretension monitoring method comprising:
the sensor (13) monitors a relative movement signal of the nut connecting piece (11) and the bolt connecting piece (12);
a wireless signal transmitter (141) transmits the mobile signal to a terminal;
the terminal is used for processing the mobile signal and comparing the mobile signal with an alarm threshold value, and when the mobile signal reaches the alarm threshold value, the terminal sends out an alarm prompt.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111028189.1A CN115727996A (en) | 2021-09-02 | 2021-09-02 | Bolt pretightening force monitoring device and method and bolt assembly |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111028189.1A CN115727996A (en) | 2021-09-02 | 2021-09-02 | Bolt pretightening force monitoring device and method and bolt assembly |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN115727996A true CN115727996A (en) | 2023-03-03 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111028189.1A Pending CN115727996A (en) | 2021-09-02 | 2021-09-02 | Bolt pretightening force monitoring device and method and bolt assembly |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN115727996A (en) |
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2021
- 2021-09-02 CN CN202111028189.1A patent/CN115727996A/en active Pending
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