CN115727556A - Flash evaporation type economizer, water chilling unit and air conditioning system - Google Patents
Flash evaporation type economizer, water chilling unit and air conditioning system Download PDFInfo
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- CN115727556A CN115727556A CN202111019655.XA CN202111019655A CN115727556A CN 115727556 A CN115727556 A CN 115727556A CN 202111019655 A CN202111019655 A CN 202111019655A CN 115727556 A CN115727556 A CN 115727556A
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of refrigeration equipment, in particular to a flash evaporation type economizer, a water chilling unit and an air conditioning system. The flash evaporation type economizer comprises an economizer main body, wherein the economizer main body is provided with an economizer liquid inlet, an economizer air inlet and an economizer air outlet, the economizer liquid inlet and the economizer air inlet are respectively used for introducing liquid refrigerant and gaseous refrigerant into the economizer main body, the liquid refrigerant and the gaseous refrigerant are mixed and establish certain pressure in the economizer main body, and the gaseous refrigerant with certain pressure can be discharged through the economizer air outlet to supplement air for the double-stage compressor. So that the feeding amounts of the liquid refrigerant and the gaseous refrigerant can be separately controlled and adjusted to obtain different discharge pressures, i.e. make-up pressures. Meanwhile, the adjustment and control of the displacement of the gaseous refrigerant can be realized by adjusting the opening of the exhaust port of the economizer, so that the flash evaporation type economizer can adjust the exhaust pressure and can also adjust the displacement.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of refrigeration equipment, in particular to a flash evaporation type economizer, a water chilling unit and an air conditioning system.
Background
The two-stage centrifugal compressor is widely applied to a water chilling unit, and can well balance the pressure between the first-stage compression pressure and the second-stage compression pressure under the design working condition when the two-stage centrifugal compressor runs, so that the water chilling unit works in the optimal state; however, with the change of load and working conditions, the problem of pressure imbalance with higher or lower intermediate pressure often occurs, and the problem of pressure imbalance is difficult to correct due to the limitation of the adjusting range of the throttling component, so that the two-stage centrifugal compressor deviates from the optimal operating point, and the operating energy efficiency of the water chilling unit is reduced; meanwhile, the centrifuge can generate surging when running under certain working conditions, and the method for generally solving the problems of pressure unbalance and surging of the centrifuge is to supplement air to a compressor through an economizer, but the existing economizer cannot accurately control the air supplement amount and the air supplement pressure, so that the air supplement effect is influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a flash evaporation type economizer, a water chilling unit and an air conditioning system, which can accurately control the air supplementing pressure and the air supplementing amount of the economizer.
The invention provides a flash evaporation type economizer which comprises an economizer main body, wherein the economizer main body is provided with:
the economizer liquid inlet is used for introducing a liquid refrigerant into the economizer main body;
the economizer air inlet is used for introducing gaseous refrigerant into the economizer main body;
an economizer discharge port for discharging gaseous refrigerant flashed off within the economizer body from the liquid refrigerant and the gaseous refrigerant.
Further, a pressure detection device is arranged at the exhaust port of the economizer.
Further, an air inlet flow regulating valve is arranged at an air inlet of the economizer and is in communication connection with the pressure detection equipment.
Further, the economizer inlet is provided with feed liquor flow control valve, just feed liquor flow control valve with pressure measurement equipment communication is connected.
Furthermore, the economizer inlet still is provided with the orifice plate, the orifice plate with feed liquor flow control valve parallel connection.
Further, an exhaust flow regulating valve is arranged at an exhaust port of the economizer and is in communication connection with the pressure detection equipment.
Further, a disperser is arranged in the economizer body;
the disperser is communicated with the air inlet of the economizer and is provided with a plurality of air dispersing openings.
Further, the disperser is a nozzle.
Further, a mixing cavity communicated with the economizer main body is arranged in the economizer main body, and the economizer air inlet and the economizer liquid inlet are positioned in the mixing cavity.
Further, a partition is arranged in the economizer main body, and divides the economizer main body into a first chamber positioned below and a second chamber positioned above;
the economizer main body is also provided with an economizer liquid outlet communicated with the first cavity and used for discharging liquid refrigerant in the first cavity;
the separator is provided with an air vent, gaseous refrigerants flashed out from the first chamber can enter the second chamber through the air vent, and the air vent is provided with a filter screen for filtering the gaseous refrigerants;
the economizer outlet is in communication with the second chamber.
The invention also provides a water chilling unit, which comprises the flash evaporation type economizer in any one of the above steps;
the water chilling unit also comprises a two-stage centrifugal compressor, a condenser and an evaporator;
the exhaust port of the two-stage centrifugal compressor is communicated with the refrigerant inlet of the condenser;
a gas refrigerant outlet of the condenser is communicated with the air inlet of the economizer, and a liquid refrigerant outlet of the condenser is communicated with a liquid inlet of the economizer;
the economizer exhaust port is communicated with the gas supplementing port of the two-stage centrifugal compressor, and an economizer liquid outlet formed by the flash evaporation type economizer is communicated with the inlet of the evaporator;
and the exhaust port of the evaporator is communicated with the air inlet of the two-stage centrifugal compressor.
The invention also provides an air conditioning system which comprises the water chilling unit.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the flash evaporation type economizer provided by the invention comprises an economizer main body, wherein an economizer liquid inlet, an economizer air inlet and an economizer air outlet are arranged on the economizer main body, and the economizer liquid inlet, the economizer air inlet and the economizer air outlet are respectively communicated with the economizer main body. The liquid inlet of the economizer is communicated with liquid refrigerant feeding equipment so as to feed liquid refrigerant into the economizer main body; the economizer air inlet is communicated with incoming equipment of gaseous refrigerant so as to introduce the gaseous refrigerant into the economizer main body, so that the gaseous refrigerant and the liquid refrigerant can be mixed in the economizer main body; the gas refrigerant and the liquid refrigerant in the economizer main body are finally separated into a gas phase and a liquid phase, the liquid refrigerant with a certain liquid level height and the gas refrigerant filled in a gas phase space above the liquid refrigerant are formed below the economizer main body; the economizer exhaust port arranged on the economizer main body is communicated with the gas phase space in the economizer main body, so that the gaseous refrigerant in the economizer main body can be exhausted out of the economizer main body through the economizer exhaust port to be used for supplementing air to the secondary impeller of the two-stage compressor. The independent economizer air inlet and the economizer liquid inlet are formed in the economizer main body, so that feeding of a gaseous refrigerant and feeding of a liquid refrigerant of the economizer main body are not interfered with each other, the gaseous refrigerant can enter the economizer main body through the independent conveying pipeline through the economizer air inlet, the liquid refrigerant can also enter the economizer main body through the independent conveying pipeline through the economizer liquid inlet, and accordingly feeding quantity of the liquid refrigerant and feeding quantity of the gaseous refrigerant of the economizer main body can be controlled independently, the liquid refrigerant and the gaseous refrigerant are mixed in the economizer main body in different proportions, internal pressure of the economizer main body is changed, exhaust pressure of different economizer main bodies is obtained, and adjustment of the exhaust pressure of the economizer main body is achieved. Meanwhile, the adjustment and control of the air displacement of the gaseous refrigerant of the economizer main body can be realized by controlling the opening degree of the exhaust port of the economizer, so that the flash evaporation type economizer can adjust the exhaust pressure and can also adjust the air displacement.
The invention also provides a water chilling unit, which comprises the flash evaporation type economizer, and also comprises a two-stage centrifugal compressor (two-stage compressor), a condenser and an evaporator; refrigerant can circulate between the stage centrifugal compressor (two-stage compressor), the condenser, the evaporator and the flash economizer; the water chilling unit comprises the flash evaporation type economizer, so the water chilling unit also has the beneficial effect of the flash evaporation type economizer, and the water chilling unit can operate efficiently.
The invention also provides an air conditioning system which comprises the water chilling unit, so that the air conditioning system also has the beneficial effect of the water chilling unit.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a water chiller according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a flash economizer of an embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure:
1-a flash evaporation type economizer, 11-an economizer body, 12-a separator, 13-an air vent, 14-a filter screen, 15-an economizer liquid inlet, 16-an economizer air inlet, 17-an economizer air outlet, 18-an economizer liquid outlet, 19-a mixing cavity, 110-a disperser, 111-an air inlet flow regulating valve, 112-a liquid inlet flow regulating valve, 113-an air exhaust flow regulating valve, 114-a throttling orifice plate, 2-a two-stage compressor, 21-a backflow channel, 3-a condenser and 4-an evaporator.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. The components of embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.
Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further defined or explained in subsequent figures.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings or orientations or positional relationships that the present product is conventionally placed in use, and are only for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," and the like are used solely to distinguish one from another and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
Furthermore, the terms "horizontal", "vertical", "suspended" and the like do not imply that the components are absolutely horizontal or suspended, but may be slightly inclined. For example, "horizontal" merely means that the direction is more horizontal than "vertical" and does not mean that the structure must be perfectly horizontal, but may be slightly inclined.
In the description of the present invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly stated or limited, the terms "disposed," "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
Some embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to fig. 1 and 2. The embodiments described below and the features of the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict.
The application provides a flash evaporation type economizer 1 which is used for a water chilling unit and used for supplementing air for a double-stage centrifugal compressor (hereinafter referred to as a double-stage compressor 2) in the water chilling unit. As shown in fig. 2, the flash evaporation type economizer 1 comprises an economizer main body 11, an economizer liquid inlet 15, an economizer gas inlet 16 and an economizer gas outlet 17 are arranged on the economizer main body 11, and the economizer liquid inlet 15, the economizer gas inlet 16 and the economizer gas outlet 17 are respectively communicated with the economizer main body 11. Here, the positions of the economizer inlet 15, the economizer inlet 16, and the economizer outlet 17 are not particularly limited as long as the economizer inlet 15, the economizer inlet 16, and the economizer outlet 17 are respectively communicated with the economizer main body 11.
In the present embodiment, the economizer liquid inlet 15 is used for communicating with a liquid refrigerant feeding device, so as to feed liquid refrigerant into the economizer main body 11; as shown in fig. 1, the chiller includes a condenser 3, the condenser 3 is used for condensing the gaseous refrigerant discharged from the two-stage compressor 2, a liquid refrigerant outlet is provided on the condenser 3, and the liquid refrigerant condensed in the condenser 3 can be discharged through the liquid refrigerant outlet of the condenser 3; the economizer liquid inlet 15 is communicated with the liquid refrigerant outlet of the condenser 3, so that the liquid refrigerant in the condenser 3 can flow into the economizer main body 11 through a pipeline which is communicated with the economizer liquid inlet 15 and the liquid refrigerant outlet of the condenser 3 and then passes through the economizer liquid inlet 15 to be flashed in the economizer main body 11.
The economizer air inlet 16 is used for communicating with incoming equipment of gaseous refrigerant so as to be capable of introducing the gaseous refrigerant into the economizer main body 11; in a water chilling unit, as shown in fig. 1, the feeding device of the gaseous refrigerant may be a condenser 3, or may be a two-stage compressor 2; when the feeding device of the gaseous refrigerant is the condenser 3, the condenser 3 is provided with a gaseous refrigerant outlet, and the gaseous refrigerant in the condenser 3 can be discharged through the gaseous refrigerant outlet; communicating the economizer gas inlet 16 with the gaseous refrigerant outlet of the condenser 3 such that gaseous refrigerant in the condenser 3 can flow into the economizer body 11 through the economizer gas inlet 16 via a line communicating the economizer gas inlet 16 with the gaseous refrigerant outlet of the condenser 3; when the supply device of the gaseous refrigerant is the two-stage compressor 2, the economizer air inlet 16 may be communicated with the exhaust port of the two-stage compressor 2, so that the gaseous refrigerant discharged from the two-stage compressor 2 flows into the economizer body 11 through a pipeline communicating the economizer air inlet 16 with the exhaust port of the two-stage compressor 2, further through the economizer air inlet 16, and is mixed with the liquid refrigerant in the economizer body 11.
The gas refrigerant and the liquid refrigerant in the economizer main body 11 are finally separated into a gas phase and a liquid phase, and the liquid refrigerant with a certain liquid level height and the gas refrigerant filled in a gas phase space above the liquid refrigerant are formed below the economizer main body 11; the economizer exhaust port 17 provided in the economizer main body 11 communicates with the gas-phase space in the economizer main body 11, so that the gaseous refrigerant in the economizer main body 11 can be discharged out of the economizer main body 11 through the economizer exhaust port 17. Referring to fig. 1, in the chiller, the two-stage compressor 2 is provided with an air supplement port, and the economizer exhaust port 17 can be communicated with the air supplement port of the two-stage compressor 2, so that the gaseous refrigerant in the economizer main body 11 can flow into the two-stage compressor 2 through the economizer exhaust port 17 and the air supplement port, and is used for supplementing air to the two-stage impeller of the two-stage compressor 2.
In an embodiment, the separate economizer air inlet 16 and the economizer liquid inlet 15 are disposed on the economizer body 11, so that the feed of the gaseous refrigerant and the feed of the liquid refrigerant to the economizer body 11 do not interfere with each other, the gaseous refrigerant can enter the economizer body 11 through the economizer air inlet 16 via a separate delivery pipe, and the liquid refrigerant can also enter the economizer body 11 through the economizer liquid inlet 15 via another separate delivery pipe, so that the feed amount of the liquid refrigerant and the feed amount of the gaseous refrigerant to the economizer body 11 can be separately controlled, so that the liquid refrigerant and the gaseous refrigerant can be mixed in different proportions in the economizer body 11, and the internal pressure of the economizer body 11 can be changed to obtain different exhaust pressures of the economizer body 11, thereby adjusting the exhaust pressure of the economizer body 11. Meanwhile, the adjustment and control of the exhaust amount of the gaseous refrigerant of the economizer main body 11 can be realized by controlling the opening degree of the economizer exhaust port 17, so that the flash evaporation type economizer 1 can realize the adjustment of the exhaust pressure and the adjustment of the exhaust amount.
When the discharge pressure of the gaseous refrigerant of the economizer body 11 needs to be increased, the feed flow rate of the gaseous refrigerant can be increased alone or the feed flow rate of the liquid refrigerant can be decreased alone, or the feed flow rates of the gaseous refrigerant and the liquid refrigerant can be adjusted at the same time, that is, the feed flow rate of the liquid refrigerant is decreased while the feed flow rate of the gaseous refrigerant is increased; and the feed flow rate of the gaseous refrigerant and the feed flow rate of the liquid refrigerant are adjusted at the same time, the pressure and the discharge pressure inside the economizer body 11 can be brought to a predetermined discharge pressure value more quickly and stably than when the feed flow rates of the gaseous refrigerant or the liquid refrigerant are adjusted individually.
Likewise, when the discharge pressure of the gaseous refrigerant of the economizer body 11 is required, the feed flow rate of the gaseous refrigerant may be decreased alone or the feed flow rate of the liquid refrigerant may be increased alone, or the feed flow rate of the liquid refrigerant may be increased while the feed flow rate of the gaseous refrigerant is decreased.
In one embodiment of the present application, preferably, as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the flash evaporation type economizer 1 further comprises a liquid inlet flow regulating valve 112, the liquid inlet flow regulating valve 112 is disposed at the economizer liquid inlet 15, and an outlet of the liquid inlet flow regulating valve 112 is communicated with the economizer liquid inlet 15, an inlet of the liquid inlet flow regulating valve 112 is communicated with a liquid refrigerant outlet of the condenser 3, and the liquid refrigerant in the condenser 3 needs to flow into the economizer main body 11 through the liquid inlet flow regulating valve 112; therefore, the feed flow rate of the liquid refrigerant to the economizer body 11 can be controlled by controlling the opening degree of the feed flow rate regulating valve 112.
In one embodiment of the present application, preferably, as shown in fig. 1, an orifice plate 114 may also be provided at the economizer inlet 15 and is in communication with the liquid refrigerant outlet of the condenser 3 through the orifice plate 114, so as to regulate the flow rate of the liquid refrigerant flowing from the condenser 3 into the economizer body 11 through the orifice plate 114.
In one embodiment of the present application, preferably, as shown in fig. 1, the economizer inlet 15 may be provided with both the inlet flow rate regulating valve 112 and the orifice plate 114, and the inlet flow rate regulating valve 112 and the orifice plate 114 are installed in parallel on a pipe between the economizer inlet 15 and the liquid refrigerant outlet of the condenser 3. According to the performance of the regulating valve, the regulating valve has an optimal flow regulating interval, for example, the opening of the liquid inlet flow regulating valve 112 is between 10% and 90%, the liquid inlet flow can be accurately controlled, but under the condition that the opening is less than 10%, a certain deviation exists to cause inaccurate liquid inlet flow control, and the orifice plate 114 can better control the feeding of small-flow liquid; therefore, the feed liquid flow rate regulating valve 112 and the orifice plate 114 jointly control the feed flow rate of the liquid refrigerant of the economizer body 11, so as to improve the control accuracy of the feed flow rate of the liquid refrigerant, i.e., the feed accuracy of the liquid refrigerant with a large flow rate can be ensured, and the feed accuracy of the liquid refrigerant with a small flow rate can also be ensured.
In one embodiment of the present application, preferably, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the flash type economizer 1 further comprises an intake air flow regulating valve 111, the intake air flow regulating valve 111 is disposed at the economizer inlet 16 and communicates an outlet of the intake air flow regulating valve 111 with the economizer inlet 16, an inlet of the intake air flow regulating valve 111 communicates with a gaseous refrigerant outlet on the condenser 3 or an exhaust port of the dual-stage compressor 2, so that gaseous refrigerant from the condenser 3 or the dual-stage compressor 2 can flow into the economizer body 11 through the intake air flow regulating valve 111, and by regulating an opening degree of the intake air flow regulating valve 111, a flow rate of the gaseous refrigerant entering the economizer body 11 can be controlled and regulated.
In one embodiment of the present application, preferably, the flash evaporation type economizer 1 further comprises a pressure detection device, the pressure detection device is disposed at the economizer exhaust port 17 to detect the exhaust pressure of the economizer main body 11, and the pressure detection device is in communication connection with an intake flow regulating valve 111 disposed at the economizer intake port 16 and a liquid flow regulating valve 112 disposed at the economizer liquid inlet 15; therefore, the opening degrees of the inlet flow regulating valve 111 and the inlet flow regulating valve 112 can be regulated according to the exhaust pressure of the economizer main body 11 measured by the pressure detection device, so as to control and regulate the feeding flow rates of the gaseous refrigerant and the liquid refrigerant of the economizer main body 11, so that the gaseous refrigerant and the liquid refrigerant can be mixed in the economizer main body 11 and obtain the required exhaust pressure of the economizer main body 11.
Preferably, the pressure detection device is a pressure sensor.
In the water chilling unit, the water chilling unit is provided with a control system, pressure detection equipment, an air inlet flow regulating valve 111 and an liquid inlet flow regulating valve 112 of the flash evaporation type economizer 1 are all in communication connection with the control system of the water chilling unit, the pressure detection equipment can detect the exhaust pressure of the economizer main body 11 in real time and upload the detected exhaust pressure of the economizer main body 11 to the control system of the water chilling unit; meanwhile, the control system of the water chilling unit can control and adjust the opening degrees of the inlet flow regulating valve 111 and the inlet flow regulating valve 112, so that the exhaust pressure of the economizer main body 11 can be adjusted to a required pressure by adjusting the feeding amounts of the gaseous refrigerant and the liquid refrigerant of the economizer main body 11.
During the operation of the water chilling unit, along with the change of load and working conditions, the working condition of the two-stage compressor 2 deviates from the design working condition, so that the problem of pressure imbalance between a first-stage impeller and a second-stage impeller of the two-stage compressor 2 occurs, the water chilling unit deviates from an optimal operation point, and the operation energy efficiency of the water chilling unit is reduced; at this time, the make-up pressure of the economizer main body 11 to the two-stage compressor 2 needs to be adjusted to correct the pressure imbalance problem.
When the control system of the water chilling unit judges that the two-stage compressor 2 is in a pressure unbalance state according to data measured by detection equipment which is arranged on the two-stage compressor 2 and used for monitoring the running state of the two-stage compressor 2 in the water chilling unit, the control system automatically switches the pressure unbalance state into an energy efficiency optimal control mode, and the control system can calculate the air supplement pressure required by the two-stage compressor 2 according to a built-in energy efficiency optimal algorithm of the two-stage compressor 2, namely the exhaust pressure of the economizer main body 11; then the control system controls the opening degree of the air inlet flow regulating valve 111 and the liquid inlet flow regulating valve 112 on the economizer main body 11 to regulate the flow of the gaseous refrigerant and the liquid refrigerant entering the economizer main body 11, so that the gaseous refrigerant and the liquid refrigerant are mixed in the economizer main body 11 to regulate the pressure in the economizer main body 11, and further realize the regulation of the exhaust pressure of the economizer main body 11 until the exhaust pressure of the economizer main body 11 reaches the required air supplement pressure measured by a pressure detection device arranged at the economizer exhaust port 17; therefore, the problem of pressure unbalance is corrected, the first-stage impeller and the second-stage impeller of the double-stage compressor 2 return to the optimal working condition again, and the operation energy efficiency of the water chilling unit is improved through the control mode.
In one embodiment of the present application, preferably, as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the flash evaporator 1 further comprises an exhaust flow regulating valve 113, the exhaust flow regulating valve 113 is disposed at the evaporator exhaust port 17, an inlet of the exhaust flow regulating valve 113 is communicated with the evaporator exhaust port 17, and an outlet of the exhaust flow regulating valve 113 is communicated with the air supplement port of the dual-stage compressor 2; the gaseous refrigerant in the economizer main body 11 can be discharged to the two-stage compressor 2 via the discharge flow rate adjustment valve 113 to supplement the gas to the two-stage compressor 2, and the discharge amount of the gaseous refrigerant of the economizer main body 11 can be controlled and adjusted by adjusting the opening degree of the discharge flow rate adjustment valve 113.
Preferably, the exhaust gas flow rate regulating valve 113 is communicatively connected to a pressure detecting device provided at the economizer exhaust port 17, so that the opening degree of the exhaust gas flow rate regulating valve 113 can be adjusted according to the exhaust gas pressure of the economizer body 11 detected by the pressure detecting device to regulate the exhaust gas flow rate of the economizer body 11.
In the water chilling unit, the phenomenon of surge can occur when the two-stage compressor 2 operates under some working conditions such as guide vane regulation, and the surge generally occurs in a state of small flow and high pressure ratio; therefore, when the two-stage compressor 2 surges, it is necessary to appropriately feed a high-pressure gaseous refrigerant to the two-stage impeller of the two-stage compressor 2, increase the flow rate of the fed gaseous refrigerant, and reduce the operating pressure ratio of the two-stage compressor 2, thereby alleviating the surge phenomenon of the two-stage compressor 2.
In the operation of the water chilling unit, when the control system of the water chilling unit judges that the two-stage compressor 2 is located at a surge boundary according to data measured by detection equipment which is arranged on the two-stage compressor 2 and used for monitoring the operation state of the two-stage compressor 2 in the water chilling unit, the control system of the water chilling unit automatically switches the control mode into an adjustable control mode, and the control system can calculate the air supplement pressure of the two-stage compressor 2 at the moment through a built-in algorithm, namely the exhaust pressure of the economizer main body 11; then, the control system adjusts the feeding amount of the gaseous refrigerant and the liquid refrigerant entering the economizer main body 11 by controlling the opening degrees of the liquid inlet flow regulating valve 112 and the air inlet flow regulating valve 111 of the flash evaporation type economizer 1, so as to adjust the exhaust pressure of the economizer main body 11 until the exhaust pressure measured by the pressure detection device arranged at the economizer exhaust port 17 reaches the air supplementing pressure required by the two-stage compressor 2 and calculated by the control system.
Meanwhile, the control system of the chiller can calculate the air supply flow rate required by the two-stage compressor 2, namely the air displacement of the economizer main body 11, according to the return pressure between the first-stage impeller and the second-stage impeller of the two-stage compressor 2 and the discharge pressure of the gaseous refrigerant of the economizer main body 11. The exhaust flow regulating valve 113 of the flash evaporation type economizer 1 is also in communication connection with a control system of the water chilling unit, so that the control system can regulate the opening degree of the exhaust flow regulating valve 113 to realize the regulation of the exhaust amount of the economizer main body 11 until the exhaust amount of the economizer main body 11 reaches the air supplement flow required by the double-stage compressor 2 calculated by the control system.
Therefore, the flash type economizer 1 of the present invention can simultaneously adjust the discharge pressure and the discharge pressure of the economizer body 11, and when the two-stage compressor 2 surges, the discharge pressure and the discharge pressure of the economizer body 11 can be simultaneously adjusted to increase the discharge pressure and increase the discharge pressure, so as to reduce the working pressure ratio of the two-stage impeller of the two-stage compressor 2, thereby effectively relieving the surge phenomenon of the two-stage compressor 2.
Meanwhile, the flash evaporation type economizer 1 can adjust the exhaust pressure of the flash evaporation type economizer 1 by independently controlling the feeding amounts of the liquid refrigerant and the gaseous refrigerant respectively, and can also adjust the exhaust flow of the flash evaporation type economizer 1; therefore, in the regulation process of relieving the surge phenomenon of the two-stage compressor 2, the control system of the water chilling unit can calculate the up-regulation amplitude and the up-regulation rate of the exhaust pressure of the flash evaporator 1 according to the real-time regulated working pressure ratio of the two-stage impeller of the two-stage compressor 2 and the real-time exhaust volume, so that the efficiency is further improved to relieve the surge phenomenon of the two-stage compressor 2.
And, because set up the sole air inlet 16 of the economizer on the body 11 of the economizer in order to convey the gaseous refrigerant to the body 11 of the economizer, can make the body 11 of the economizer provide the greater air supplement amount for the two-stage compressor 2 by way of improving the air input of gaseous refrigerant of the body 11 of the economizer, thus can not only expand the surge boundary of the two-stage compressor 2, because a large amount of gaseous refrigerant have flowed into body 11 of the economizer at the same time, have reduced the flowrate of the gaseous refrigerant flowing through the condenser 3 too, have further reduced the minimum refrigerating capacity of the water chilling unit, has promoted the adjustability of the all operating modes.
In one embodiment of the present application, preferably, as shown in fig. 2, a partition 12 is provided in the economizer main body 11, the partition 12 being provided in the middle of the economizer main body 11 to divide the inner space of the economizer main body 11 into two chambers, i.e., a first chamber located below the economizer main body 11 and a second chamber located above the economizer main body 11, by the partition 12; the economizer liquid inlet 15 is arranged on the bottom wall of the economizer main body 11 and communicated with the first cavity, so that liquid refrigerant can enter the first cavity of the economizer main body 11 through the economizer liquid inlet 15 and form a certain liquid level height in the first cavity.
The economizer air inlet 16 is also communicated with the first chamber, and the economizer air inlet 16 is positioned below the liquid level of the liquid refrigerant in the first chamber, so that the gas refrigerant can be charged into the liquid refrigerant in the economizer main body 11, the gas refrigerant and the liquid refrigerant are fully mixed, and further, the liquid refrigerant and the gas refrigerant with different feeding flow rates quickly build up pressure in the economizer main body 11, so that the pressure in the economizer main body 11, namely the exhaust pressure of the economizer main body 11, quickly reaches the air supplement pressure required by the two-stage compressor 2.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 2, the partition 12 is opened with a vent 13, and the first chamber and the second chamber are communicated through the vent 13, so that the gaseous refrigerant flashed off in the first chamber can flow into the second chamber located above the economizer main body 11 through the vent 13. The economizer discharge port 17 is provided on the top wall of the economizer main body 11, and the economizer discharge port 17 communicates with the second chamber, so that the gaseous refrigerant having a predetermined pressure in the economizer main body 11 can be discharged out of the economizer main body 11 through the economizer discharge port 17 to supplement the gas to the two-stage compressor 2.
In this embodiment, preferably, as shown in fig. 2, a filter screen 14 is laid at the vent 13, and the gaseous refrigerant flowing from the first chamber to the second chamber can be filtered through the filter screen 14, so as to filter out the liquid refrigerant carried in the gaseous refrigerant, thereby preventing the gaseous refrigerant from carrying the liquid refrigerant into the two-stage compressor 2 and affecting the normal operation of the two-stage compressor 2.
Preferably, the partition 12 has a plate shape, and the plate-shaped partition 12 is transversely disposed at the middle of the economizer main body 11 to divide the economizer main body 11 into upper and lower chambers.
Preferably, the filter 14 may be laid on the upper or lower plate surface of the partition 12 to cover the vent 13, to filter the gaseous refrigerant flowing from the first chamber into the second chamber by means of the filter 14, and to almost filter out the liquid refrigerant carried in the gaseous refrigerant.
Preferably, the filter 14 may also be adapted to the vent 13 so that the filter 14 fits snugly within the vent 13 to filter the gaseous refrigerant.
Preferably, the separator can also be a filter screen, the filter screen is transversely arranged in the middle of the economizer main body 11, and the gaseous refrigerant and the liquid refrigerant enter a first cavity below the filter screen through an economizer air inlet 16 and an economizer liquid inlet 15 respectively and are fully mixed in the first cavity; the flashed gaseous refrigerant enters the second chamber above the filter screen through the filter screen, the liquid refrigerant carried in the gaseous refrigerant is filtered through the filter screen, and finally the gaseous refrigerant in the second chamber is discharged through an economizer exhaust port 17 communicated with the second chamber to supplement air for the two-stage compressor 2.
In one embodiment of the present application, preferably, as shown in fig. 2, a disperser 110 is further disposed in the economizer body 11, the disperser 110 is communicated with the economizer inlet 16 through a communicating pipe, and a plurality of gas dispersion ports are disposed on the disperser 110, so that the gaseous refrigerant entering from the economizer inlet 16 can be sprayed into the liquid refrigerant in the economizer body 11 through the plurality of gas dispersion ports of the disperser 110 in a jet shape, thereby mixing the gaseous refrigerant with the liquid refrigerant more sufficiently to quickly build up pressure in the economizer body 11.
The disperser 110 is preferably a nozzle that communicates with the economizer inlet 15 via a communicating tube to spray gaseous refrigerant into the liquid refrigerant.
Preferably, the diffuser 110 may also be an annular pipe, which is communicated with the economizer inlet 16 through a communicating pipe, and a plurality of gas dispersion ports with a diameter of 0.5-1mm are spaced apart from each other on the annular pipe, so that the gaseous refrigerant can be sprayed into the liquid refrigerant.
In one embodiment of the present application, preferably, as shown in fig. 2, a mixing chamber 19 is further provided in the economizer body 11, the mixing chamber 19 is located in and communicates with the first chamber, and the mixing chamber 19 has a smaller volume; the economizer liquid inlet 15 and the economizer gas inlet 16 are both communicated with the mixing cavity 19, so that the liquid refrigerant and the gaseous refrigerant entering the economizer body 11 can enter the mixing cavity 19 with a smaller volume and are mixed in the mixing cavity 19, the gaseous refrigerant and the liquid refrigerant can be mixed more fully, and the fully mixed liquid refrigerant and gaseous refrigerant enter the first cavity through the mixing cavity 19 for flash evaporation.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 2, the mixing chamber 19 is cylindrical, the lower end of the cylindrical mixing chamber 19 is welded to the bottom wall of the economizer body 11, and the upper end of the cylindrical mixing chamber 19 is open to communicate the mixing chamber 19 with the first chamber; while the economizer inlet port 15 in the bottom wall of the economizer body 11 is located in the mixing chamber 19 so that liquid refrigerant is introduced into the mixing chamber 19 and then flows into the first chamber through the mixing chamber 19. The economizer inlet port 16 extends through a crossover tube into the mixing chamber 19 so that gaseous refrigerant first enters the mixing chamber 19 to be thoroughly mixed with liquid refrigerant.
Preferably, the diffuser 110 is installed at one end of the communicating pipe located in the mixing chamber 19.
In this embodiment, it is preferable that the economizer main body 11 is further provided with an economizer drain port 18 on the bottom wall thereof, the economizer drain port 18 is communicated with the first chamber, and the economizer liquid inlet 15 and the economizer drain port 18 are oppositely arranged at intervals on both sides of the economizer main body 11 in the length direction; preferably, a partition plate is further arranged on the bottom wall of the economizer main body 11, the partition plate is vertically arranged between the economizer liquid inlet 15 and the economizer liquid outlet 18, and the partition plate is located on one side close to the economizer liquid outlet 18, so that a certain liquid level height can be formed in a space of a first chamber of the partition plate facing to the economizer liquid inlet 15, and liquid refrigerant can be flashed in the first chamber; the liquid refrigerant can then overflow the partition into the first chamber on the side of the partition toward the economizer drain 18 and drain through the economizer drain 18.
In the water chilling unit, the economizer liquid discharge port 18 is used for being communicated with the evaporator 4 of the water chilling unit, and the liquid refrigerant in the economizer main body 11 can be discharged into the evaporator 4 through the economizer liquid discharge port 18, and is changed into a gaseous refrigerant after being evaporated by the evaporator 4 and then is conveyed back to the air inlet of the two-stage compressor 2 again so as to supply air to the two-stage compressor 2.
The application also provides a water chilling unit, as shown in fig. 1, comprising the flash evaporation type economizer 1 of any one of the embodiments.
In this embodiment, the water chilling unit includes the flash evaporation type economizer 1, and therefore the water chilling unit has all the beneficial effects of the flash evaporation type economizer 1, and the detailed description is omitted.
The water chilling unit also comprises a two-stage centrifugal compressor (a two-stage compressor 2), a condenser 3 and an evaporator 4; the two-stage compressor 2 comprises an air inlet, an air outlet and an air supplementing port, and the air outlet of the two-stage compressor 2 is communicated with the condenser 3 so as to discharge the gaseous refrigerant into the condenser 3 for condensation. The condenser 3 is a shell-and-tube heat exchanger, a medium in a tube pass is a refrigerant, an inlet and a gaseous refrigerant outlet are arranged above a shell of the condenser 3, a liquid refrigerant outlet is arranged below the shell of the condenser 3, and the condenser 3 is communicated with an exhaust port of the two-stage compressor 2 through the inlet to enable the gaseous refrigerant to enter the condenser 3 so as to condense the gaseous refrigerant in the condenser 3. The liquid refrigerant outlet of the condenser 3 is communicated with the liquid inlet 15 of the economizer, so that the liquid refrigerant condensed in the condenser 3 can be discharged into the flash evaporation type economizer 1 (the economizer for short); the gaseous refrigerant outlet of the condenser 3 communicates with the economizer inlet port 16, enabling gaseous refrigerant in the space above the shell of the condenser 3 to be discharged into the economizer.
The economizer exhaust port 17 is communicated with the gas supplementing port of the two-stage compressor 2, and the gaseous refrigerant and the liquid refrigerant can respectively enter the economizer main body 11 at preset flow rates to be fully mixed and flashed, so that the economizer main body 11 can supplement the gaseous refrigerant to the two-stage compressor 2 at certain pressure and flow rate to relieve the pressure imbalance or surge of the two-stage compressor 2.
The evaporator 4 is provided with an inlet and an exhaust port, the inlet of the evaporator 4 is communicated with the economizer liquid outlet 18, and the exhaust port of the evaporator 4 is communicated with the air inlet of the two-stage compressor 2; the economizer can discharge the liquid refrigerant inside into the evaporator 4, so that the liquid refrigerant is evaporated into a gaseous state in the evaporator 4, and the gaseous refrigerant formed by evaporation is discharged to the air inlet of the two-stage compressor 2, so as to supply air to the two-stage compressor 2, and the gaseous refrigerant is compressed by the two-stage compressor 2 to do work. Thereby enabling refrigerant to flow between the two-stage compressor 2, the condenser 3, the economizer, and the evaporator 4, and allowing the chiller to operate efficiently.
In this embodiment, preferably, the air compensating port of the two-stage compressor 2 is disposed on the return channel 21 between the first-stage impeller and the second-stage impeller of the two-stage compressor 2, the return channel 21 may be an external return pipeline, that is, one end of the return pipeline is communicated with the exhaust of the first-stage impeller, the other end of the return pipeline is communicated with the intake of the second-stage impeller, and the air compensating port for connecting with an economizer is disposed in the middle of the return pipeline. The return channel 21 may also have no obvious return duct, that is, the return channel 21 integrally formed in the casing of the two-stage compressor 2 is used for communicating the first-stage impeller and the second-stage impeller, and the casing of the two-stage compressor 2 is provided with a port communicated with the return channel 21 for communicating with the economizer exhaust port 17, so as to supplement air to the two-stage compressor 2 by the economizer.
The application also provides an air conditioning system which comprises the water chilling unit of the embodiment.
In this embodiment, the air conditioning system includes a chiller, so the air conditioning system has all the beneficial effects of the chiller, and is not described in detail herein.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (12)
1. A flash evaporation type economizer which is characterized by comprising an economizer body, wherein the economizer body is provided with:
the economizer liquid inlet is used for introducing a liquid refrigerant into the economizer main body;
the economizer air inlet is used for introducing gaseous refrigerant into the economizer main body;
an economizer discharge port for discharging gaseous refrigerant flashed off within the economizer body from the liquid refrigerant and the gaseous refrigerant.
2. A flash economizer as claimed in claim 1 wherein a pressure sensing device is provided at the economizer outlet.
3. A flash economizer as claimed in claim 2 wherein the economizer inlet is provided with an inlet flow regulating valve and the inlet flow regulating valve is in communication with the pressure sensing device.
4. A flash economizer as claimed in claim 2 wherein the economizer inlet is provided with a feed flow control valve and the feed flow control valve is in communication with the pressure sensing device.
5. A flash economizer of claim 4 wherein the economizer inlet is further provided with a restriction orifice connected in parallel with the inlet flow control valve.
6. A flash economizer as claimed in claim 2 wherein the economizer exhaust is provided with an exhaust flow control valve and the exhaust flow control valve is in communication with the pressure sensing device.
7. A flash economizer as claimed in claim 1 wherein a disperser is provided within the economizer body;
the disperser is communicated with the air inlet of the economizer and is provided with a plurality of air dispersing openings.
8. A flash economizer as claimed in claim 7 wherein the disperser is a nozzle.
9. A flash economizer of any one of claims 1 to 8 wherein a mixing chamber is provided in the economizer body in communication with the economizer body, the economizer air inlet and the economizer liquid inlet being located in the mixing chamber.
10. The flash economizer of claim 1 wherein a partition is provided within the economizer body dividing the economizer body into a first chamber below and a second chamber above;
the economizer liquid inlet and the economizer gas inlet are communicated with the first cavity, and the economizer main body is also provided with an economizer liquid outlet communicated with the first cavity and used for discharging liquid refrigerant in the first cavity;
the separator is provided with an air vent, gaseous refrigerants flashed out from the first chamber can enter the second chamber through the air vent, and the air vent is provided with a filter screen for filtering the gaseous refrigerants;
the economizer exhaust port is in communication with the second chamber.
11. A chiller including the flash economizer of any one of claims 1-10, further comprising a two-stage centrifugal compressor, a condenser and an evaporator;
the exhaust port of the two-stage centrifugal compressor is communicated with the refrigerant inlet of the condenser;
a gas refrigerant outlet of the condenser is communicated with the air inlet of the economizer, and a liquid refrigerant outlet of the condenser is communicated with a liquid inlet of the economizer;
the economizer exhaust port is communicated with the gas supplementing port of the two-stage centrifugal compressor, and an economizer liquid outlet formed by the flash evaporation type economizer is communicated with the inlet of the evaporator;
and the exhaust port of the evaporator is communicated with the air inlet of the double-stage centrifugal compressor.
12. An air conditioning system comprising the chiller of claim 11.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111019655.XA CN115727556A (en) | 2021-09-01 | 2021-09-01 | Flash evaporation type economizer, water chilling unit and air conditioning system |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111019655.XA CN115727556A (en) | 2021-09-01 | 2021-09-01 | Flash evaporation type economizer, water chilling unit and air conditioning system |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114777345A (en) * | 2022-04-20 | 2022-07-22 | 青岛海信日立空调系统有限公司 | Refrigeration device |
| CN116659109A (en) * | 2023-07-25 | 2023-08-29 | 浙江科维节能技术股份有限公司 | Anti-surge ammonia refrigeration system for ammonia synthesis device and anti-surge method thereof |
-
2021
- 2021-09-01 CN CN202111019655.XA patent/CN115727556A/en active Pending
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114777345A (en) * | 2022-04-20 | 2022-07-22 | 青岛海信日立空调系统有限公司 | Refrigeration device |
| CN114777345B (en) * | 2022-04-20 | 2023-05-30 | 青岛海信日立空调系统有限公司 | Refrigerating apparatus |
| CN116659109A (en) * | 2023-07-25 | 2023-08-29 | 浙江科维节能技术股份有限公司 | Anti-surge ammonia refrigeration system for ammonia synthesis device and anti-surge method thereof |
| CN116659109B (en) * | 2023-07-25 | 2023-10-17 | 浙江科维节能技术股份有限公司 | Anti-surge ammonia refrigeration system for ammonia synthesis device and anti-surge method thereof |
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