CN1157266C - Gear quantitative cold precision extrusion working method - Google Patents
Gear quantitative cold precision extrusion working method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN1157266C CN1157266C CNB991118200A CN99111820A CN1157266C CN 1157266 C CN1157266 C CN 1157266C CN B991118200 A CNB991118200 A CN B991118200A CN 99111820 A CN99111820 A CN 99111820A CN 1157266 C CN1157266 C CN 1157266C
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- wheel
- squeeze
- crowded
- gear
- tooth
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000036651 mood Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000035611 feeding Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000003967 crop rotation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010720 hydraulic oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002828 fuel tank Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010862 gear shaping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21H—MAKING PARTICULAR METAL OBJECTS BY ROLLING, e.g. SCREWS, WHEELS, RINGS, BARRELS, BALLS
- B21H5/00—Making gear wheels, racks, spline shafts or worms
- B21H5/02—Making gear wheels, racks, spline shafts or worms with cylindrical outline, e.g. by means of die rolls
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Forging (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention belongs to the technical field of the gear precision extrusion processing method. The present invention adopts a double-extrusion gear double-acting extrusion gear mode for quantitative control of the radial feed of extrusion gears to realize the quantitative control of gear thickness extrusion gear surplus. The present invention is characterized in that first, an initial position of a quantitative extrusion gear is defined; a force sensor is used for on-line measurement of contact force between the extrusion gears and a workpiece; an optimal extrusion surplus is determined for quantitative extrusion. The present invention eliminates the influence of gear thickness variation on the process precision, and obtains the optimum gear shape precision. The present invention has the advantages of simple control, convenient force measurement, low cost, good working surface quality and high precision.
Description
Technical field the invention belongs to gear precision extrusion working method field.
During background technology was produced in enormous quantities, the smart Gear Processing of squeezing was one of effective processing method in the gear fine finishining.Not only production efficiency height, and equipment and crowded wheel manufacturing are simple, and the crowded wheel life-span is long.Gear teeth face roughness through crowded tooth processing is low, and the flow harden layer is arranged, and can improve service life of gear.The single crowded wheel, two crowded wheel and the three crowded wheel crowded teeth technologies that extensively adopt both at home and abroad at present all adopt and decide the Cheng Dingxin control method.Adopt this method, the uniformity of squeezing the preceding surplus of tooth has material impact to crowded tooth precision especially profile accuracy.It not only requires to squeeze the front flank profil surplus distribution rule of tooth, and very high to the coherence request of different gear tooth thickness.Traditional " deciding journey " is smart to be squeezed in the processing, does not consider the variation of the machining residual of the front profile of tooth of crowded tooth, supposes that all surplus is certain value.The transverse tooth thickness surplus distributes when comparatively disperseing before squeezing, cold essence is squeezed to be processed with and may be produced manufacturing deficiency, because before squeezing tooth, institute's made allowance has an excursion, thereby the metal thickness that at every turn squeezes out differs, and surplus is little sometimes, sometimes surplus is big, surplus is the place to go blemish too hour fully, can occur when surplus is too big material stacking or to around flow and produce overlap, affect surface quality.The gear axis that " centering " control refers to be squeezed processing by essence is fixed squeezing to roll in the process, squeezes wheel simultaneously during radial feed when two, squeezes the power of rolling when unequal when the two sides, may squeeze gear spindle curved.
Summary of the invention the objective of the invention is to overcome now methodical deficiency, squeezes a kind of " quantitatively " cold precision extrusion working method of the surface quality proposition of profile of tooth for improving cold essence.Experiment shows, squeezes in the cold essence of gear to add man-hour, squeezes to roll surplus and have an optimum value, rolls the accuracy of gear height of extruding under the surplus this best squeezing, and surface quality is good." quantitatively " is smart squeezes, and pushes through in the journey in essence exactly.Squeeze according to the best and to roll surplus and gear is squeezed roll.No matter how much squeeze the front gear allowance, the amount of rolling that is squeezed is certain.Quantitatively squeeze to roll and effectively to eliminate the influence of transverse tooth thickness variation, obtain the optimal tooth precision machining accuracy.Adopt the quantitatively crowded crowded surplus of essence of rolling to fix, profile accuracy is good.Profile of tooth high conformity after a collection of gear squeezes.This method control system is simple, and force measurement is convenient, and the crowded wheel life-span is long, the production efficiency height.Adopt quantitative precision extrusion processing, allowance can suitably be relaxed before squeezing, and reduces cost.Workpiece surface quality is good, the precision height.This method can be eliminated because pitch circle squeezes to profile of tooth locating hole off-centre and roll the impact that precision is brought.
The technical solution used in the present invention is: a kind of gear quantitative cold precision extrusion working method, adopt two crowded tooth modes of wheel double acting of squeezing.
(1) the wheel radial amount of feeding is squeezed in " quantitatively " control, realize the quantitative control of the crowded tooth surplus of transverse tooth thickness, the method requires in the crowded wheel headstock force cell to be installed, the crowded power of the rolling size and the variation that utilize power sensor real-time testing to squeeze wheel, thereby the control threshold value of deterministic force.And then the wheel amount of feeding and feed speed are squeezed in control, at first to determine to squeeze and roll initial position, concrete steps are to squeeze when rolling beginning by 6 on-line measurements of power sensor, measure the contact force of squeezing wheel and workpiece, namely squeeze the size of the power of rolling, along with squeezing the wheel feeding, squeeze and roll the power increase, when the crowded power of rolling reaches a certain threshold value of measuring in advance, squeezing wheel position at this moment as the quantitative initial position that rolls that squeezes, beginning is quantitatively squeezed and is rolled, squeeze that to roll feeding a certain amount of, and though squeeze the front gear allowance what, all squeeze and roll one quantitatively (the best crowded surplus of rolling), squeeze the wheel forward a few, and then reverse a few, squeeze roll finish after, crowded wheel is return fast, quantitatively squeeze to roll and eliminate the transverse tooth thickness variation to the impact of machining accuracy, obtain the optimal tooth precision;
(2) squeeze in the tooth process workbench 9 and drive and be squeezed gear 1 and float at bed ways, make and smartly squeeze processing and be in the horizontal direction and be not in the mood for machining state, improve machining accuracy;
When (3) tooth bar model 7 moves upward, promote hydraulic efficiency servo-valve 22 actions by inclined working C1 and C2, control left hydraulic jack 16, drive a left side and squeeze the crop rotation radial feed, promote follow-up hydraulic servo valve 24 by the push rod on the hydraulic jack 16 23 simultaneously and drive right hydraulic jack 17 actions, do radially synchro-feed motion thereby drive the right wheel 3 that squeezes;
(4) the tooth mode is squeezed in two crowded wheel double actings, the necessary synchronous rotary of two crowded wheels, and this method adopts two hydraulic motors to drive respectively two and squeezes the wheel rotation, two hydraulic motors 2,11 parallel connections, and by same reversal valve 25 controls, realize two wheel synchronous rotaries that squeeze, see accompanying drawing 3.
Effect of the present invention is that " quantitatively " is crowded rolls owing to adopt, and can suitably relax allowance before squeezing, and reduces gear hobbing and Gear Shaping requirement, reduces cost.Gear is after " quantitatively " smart crowded processing, and workpiece wearability, fatigue strength, service life significantly improve.Tooth accuracy is good, and noise during working gear, vibration are little.Squeeze that to roll the machining gears areal deformation even, flank of tooth quality is good, can improve profile accuracy.
Appended drawings 1 is a gear quantitative cold precision extrusion processing schematic diagram.Wherein: the processed gear of 1-, 2-hydraulic motor, the right wheel that squeezes of 3-, the right wheel headstock, 5-piston rod, the 6-power sensor of squeezing of 4-, the 7-fixed support, 8-lathe bed, 9-workbench, the 10-workhead, 11-hydraulic motor, 12-fixed support, the 13-piston rod, 14-squeezes on a left side wheel headstock, and 15-squeezes wheel in a left side, 16-left side hydraulic jack, the right hydraulic jack of 17-.
Accompanying drawing 2 is gear quantitative cold precision extrusion processing hydraulic control system figure.Wherein: 6-power sensor, 24-follow-up type servovalve, 23-push rod, 22-servo valve, 21-tooth bar model, 20-overflow valve, 19-fuel tank, 18-oil pump, the right hydraulic jack of 17-, 16-left side hydraulic jack.
Specific embodiments is described with reference to the accompanying drawings enforcement of the present invention, sees accompanying drawing 1 and accompanying drawing 2.Workpiece 1 is installed on the workbench 9 by axle, and the workbench drive is squeezed gear and floats (slip) at bed ways, and namely workpiece can squeeze between wheel at two and float, and can prevent that the crowded power of rolling in both sides is inhomogeneous, causes work arbor flexural deformation.Two are squeezed wheel and drive synchronous rotary by two hydraulic motors respectively; Two feedings of squeezing wheel are that workpiece slope has two sections C1 and C2 by the control of the inclined working on the tooth bar model 21, are used for respectively controlling fast feed and the work feed of squeezing wheel.The crop rotation work feed is squeezed in position shown in Fig. 2, and inclined working promotion servo valve 22 moves to right on the tooth bar model, and hydraulic oil enters the big chamber of left hydraulic cylinder 16, and piston rod maintains static, and hydraulic cylinder moves right.Be that left crowded wheel is done the work feeding to the right.Hydraulic cylinder 16 moves, and push rod 23 promotion servo valves 22 move to right simultaneously, and hydraulic oil enters the big chamber of right hydraulic cylinder 17, and piston rod is motionless, and right hydraulic cylinder 17 is moved to the left, and the promptly right wheel 3 that squeezes is done the synchro-feed motion left.The amount of feeding that squeezes the wheel work feed is predetermined, and when squeezing the wheel feeding, power sensor 6 real-time testings squeeze the size of the power of rolling, and send signal.When the crowded power of rolling reaches specified value, feed-disabling, squeeze the wheel forward a few, reverse again a few, return fast then, squeeze roll complete.After utilizing this method to squeeze tooth, tooth-face roughness is low, can reach R α 0.4-0.2 μ m.Can squeeze and roll the nest that some can't cut.
Claims (1)
1. a gear quantitative cold precision extrusion working method adopts two crowded tooth modes of wheel double acting of squeezing, and it is characterized in that:
(1) the wheel radial amount of feeding is squeezed in " quantitatively " control, realize the quantitative control of the crowded tooth surplus of transverse tooth thickness, the method requires in squeezing the wheel headstock force cell to be installed, utilize power sensor real-time testing to squeeze the crowded power of rolling size and the variation of wheel, thereby the control threshold values of deterministic force, and then the control crowded wheel amount of feeding and feed speed, at first to determine to squeeze and roll initial position, concrete steps are to squeeze when rolling beginning by power sensor [6] on-line measurement, measure the contact force of squeezing wheel and workpiece, namely squeeze the size of the power of rolling, along with squeezing the wheel feeding, squeeze the power of rolling and increase, when the crowded power of rolling reaches a certain value of measuring in advance, as quantitatively squeezing the initial position that rolls, beginning is quantitatively squeezed and is rolled the position of squeezing wheel this moment, and crowded to roll feeding a certain amount of, no matter how much squeeze the front gear allowance, all squeeze and roll one quantitatively (best squeezing rolled surplus), squeeze the wheel forward a few, and then reverse a few, squeeze roll finish after, crowded wheel is return fast, quantitatively squeezes to roll and eliminates the transverse tooth thickness variation to the impact of machining accuracy, obtains the optimal tooth precision;
(2) squeeze in the tooth process workbench [9] and drive and be squeezed gear [1] and float at bed ways, make and smartly squeeze processing and be in the horizontal direction and be not in the mood for machining state, improve machining accuracy;
(3) tooth bar model [21] is when moving upward, promote hydraulic efficiency servo-valve [22] action by inclined working [C1] and [C2], control left hydraulic jack [16] the drive crowded wheel in a left side [15] and make radial feed, promote follow-up hydraulic servo valve [24] by the push rod [23] on the left hydraulic jack [16] simultaneously and drive right hydraulic jack [17] action, do radially synchro-feed motion thereby drive the right wheel [3] that squeezes;
(4) the tooth mode is squeezed in two crowded wheel double actings, the necessary synchronous rotary of two crowded wheels, and this method adopts two hydraulic motors to drive respectively two and squeezes wheel, two hydraulic motors [2], [11] parallel connection, and by same reversal valve [25] control, the two wheel synchronous rotaries that squeeze of realization.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB991118200A CN1157266C (en) | 1999-07-23 | 1999-07-23 | Gear quantitative cold precision extrusion working method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB991118200A CN1157266C (en) | 1999-07-23 | 1999-07-23 | Gear quantitative cold precision extrusion working method |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1281760A CN1281760A (en) | 2001-01-31 |
| CN1157266C true CN1157266C (en) | 2004-07-14 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB991118200A Expired - Fee Related CN1157266C (en) | 1999-07-23 | 1999-07-23 | Gear quantitative cold precision extrusion working method |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN1157266C (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102004042917A1 (en) * | 2004-09-02 | 2006-03-23 | Felss Gmbh | Method and device for correcting a skew error of a polygonal profile, in particular a flank direction error of a toothing |
| CN100429012C (en) * | 2006-11-23 | 2008-10-29 | 重庆工学院 | Automatic gear alignment system for gear extrusion processing |
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1999
- 1999-07-23 CN CNB991118200A patent/CN1157266C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1281760A (en) | 2001-01-31 |
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