CN115725849B - Cyanide-free leaching process method for gold in gold-containing material - Google Patents
Cyanide-free leaching process method for gold in gold-containing material Download PDFInfo
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- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 124
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 123
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 118
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 80
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 59
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- WQYVRQLZKVEZGA-UHFFFAOYSA-N hypochlorite Chemical compound Cl[O-] WQYVRQLZKVEZGA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- SUKJFIGYRHOWBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium hypochlorite Chemical compound [Na+].Cl[O-] SUKJFIGYRHOWBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000005708 Sodium hypochlorite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium laurylsulphate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bromide Chemical compound [Br-] CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 230000033116 oxidation-reduction process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 49
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- IOLCXVTUBQKXJR-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium bromide Chemical group [K+].[Br-] IOLCXVTUBQKXJR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 10
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- JHJLBTNAGRQEKS-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium bromide Chemical compound [Na+].[Br-] JHJLBTNAGRQEKS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 7
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- ZKQDCIXGCQPQNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium hypochlorite Chemical compound [Ca+2].Cl[O-].Cl[O-] ZKQDCIXGCQPQNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N Dextrotartaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tartaric acid Natural products [H+].[H+].[O-]C(=O)C(O)C(O)C([O-])=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- SATVIFGJTRRDQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium hypochlorite Chemical compound [K+].Cl[O-] SATVIFGJTRRDQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011975 tartaric acid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000002906 tartaric acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- -1 gold ions Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 7
- 229910052569 sulfide mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000003446 ligand Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910052604 silicate mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 6
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910021578 Iron(III) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 3
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000005660 chlorination reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K iron trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Fe](Cl)Cl RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 3
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- XTEGARKTQYYJKE-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chlorate Chemical compound [O-]Cl(=O)=O XTEGARKTQYYJKE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- XFXPMWWXUTWYJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyanide Chemical group N#[C-] XFXPMWWXUTWYJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VZSRBBMJRBPUNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2-ylamino)-N-[3-oxo-3-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)propyl]pyrimidine-5-carboxamide Chemical compound C1C(CC2=CC=CC=C12)NC1=NC=C(C=N1)C(=O)NCCC(N1CC2=C(CC1)NN=N2)=O VZSRBBMJRBPUNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BZSXEZOLBIJVQK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylsulfonylbenzoic acid Chemical compound CS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O BZSXEZOLBIJVQK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003842 bromide salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000536 complexating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010668 complexation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001143 conditioned effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- MXZVHYUSLJAVOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold(3+);tricyanide Chemical compound [Au+3].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-] MXZVHYUSLJAVOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000020477 pH reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003568 thioethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
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- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a cyanide-free leaching process method for gold in gold-containing materials, which comprises the steps of firstly, pretreating the gold-containing materials by using sodium hypochlorite solution, sodium dodecyl sulfate, sodium hydroxide and sodium chloride together to dissolve part of sulfide minerals and silicate minerals coated outside the gold, so that the gold is exposed, and the subsequent leaching of the gold is facilitated; then, the oxidation-reduction potential of the ore pulp system is controlled by hypochlorite, and bromide ions are introduced on the basis, and are used as catalysts and ligands to complex with gold ions, and gold is oxidized into ions by hypochlorite ions under a certain pH value and oxidation-reduction potential, so that the gold can be leached efficiently at room temperature.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of gold wet leaching, in particular to a cyanide-free leaching process method for gold in gold-containing materials.
Background
At present, the main gold extraction technology is cyanide leaching, but the method has the defects of easy impurity interference, environmental harm and the like. In addition, for acidic gold-containing materials such as biological heap leaching tailings and biological oxidation residues, the problems of difficult acid-base transformation, high medicament consumption, high cyanide residue treatment cost and the like exist in the cyanide gold extraction process, and a cyanide-free gold leaching process which can be carried out under acidic conditions is needed in the industry. In the existing gold extraction technology, the chlorination method attracts attention because of the advantages of high gold dissolution speed, low reagent price, simple method, environmental protection and the like, and is one of the methods which are mature at present and have industrial production practice, and commonly used oxidants in the gold extraction technology of the chlorination method comprise chlorine, chlorate, hypochlorite and the like, wherein the industrial application comprises chlorine and sodium chlorate, but in the industrial application, ore pulp and chlorine can react under the condition of heating, the requirement on equipment is high, and even the utilization rate of the chlorine is still lower, so that the chlorination operation time is prolonged, and the working efficiency of gold extraction is influenced.
In the prior art, the application number is 202110989775.6, the publication date is 2021, 11 and 30, and the patent named as a method for extracting gold by ultrasonic synergistic bromide is that bromide salts and ferric chloride are used as gold extraction leaches, and the leaching rate is strengthened under the action of ultrasonic waves, so that gold in refractory gold ores is leached. However, the above technical scheme adopts ferric chloride as the oxidant, if the material containing sulphide minerals is treated, ferric chloride is reduced more quickly, the oxidation-reduction potential of ore pulp is difficult to keep stable, and when the potential is lower, the precipitation of dissolved gold is easy to cause, and the leaching rate is reduced.
In view of the foregoing, there is a need for an improved cyanide-free leaching process for gold in gold-bearing materials.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a cyanide-free leaching process method for gold in gold-containing materials.
In order to achieve the aim of the invention, the invention provides a cyanide-free leaching process method for gold in gold-containing materials, which comprises the following steps:
s1, finely grinding a gold-containing material to more than 80% of-200 meshes to obtain fine-grained minerals; then adding a certain amount of sodium hypochlorite solution into the fine-fraction minerals, stirring and mixing uniformly, adding a predetermined amount of sodium dodecyl sulfate, sodium hydroxide and sodium chloride, and stirring for a period of time to obtain a pretreated pulp solution;
s2, after the concentration of the ore pulp solution obtained in the step S1 is adjusted, adding bromide with a certain mass to obtain a mixed solution, adjusting the pH value of the mixed solution, and stirring at room temperature for 60-240 min to perform potential control leaching treatment to obtain gold leaching solution and leaching residues.
Preferably, in step S2, the oxidation-reduction potential of the mixed liquor is maintained at 500-1000 mV by adding a certain amount of hypochlorite solution during the leaching process, so as to ensure that gold in the ore is sufficiently leached; the hypochlorite solution is an aqueous solution of sodium hypochlorite, potassium hypochlorite or calcium hypochlorite.
Preferably, in step S2, the pH of the mixed solution is adjusted to be 1.5 to 3.0 by using one of hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, citric acid, and tartaric acid.
Preferably, in step S2, the bromide is potassium bromide or sodium bromide, and the concentration of the bromide in the mixed solution is 0.1-0.3M.
Preferably, in step S1, the addition amount of the sodium dodecyl sulfate is 0.1-0.5 kg/t.
Preferably, in step S1, the amount of sodium hydroxide added is 1 to 5kg/t.
Preferably, in the step S1, the addition amount of the sodium chloride is 0.5-3 kg/t.
Preferably, in the step S1, the added volume amount of the sodium hypochlorite solution is 1.0 to 1.5 times of the mass of the gold-containing material; the mass percentage of the sodium hypochlorite solution is 8-12%.
Preferably, in step S1, the stirring treatment is performed for a period of 1.5 to 5 hours.
Preferably, in step S2, the concentration of the conditioned pulp solution is 20 to 40%.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
the cyanide-free leaching process method for gold in gold-containing materials comprises the steps of firstly, pretreating the gold-containing materials by using sodium hypochlorite solution, sodium dodecyl sulfate, sodium hydroxide and sodium chloride together to dissolve sulfide minerals and silicate minerals coated outside the gold, so that the gold is exposed, and the subsequent leaching of the gold is facilitated; then, the oxidation-reduction potential of the ore pulp system is controlled by using hypochlorite solution, and bromide ions are introduced on the basis, and the bromide ions are used as catalysts and ligands to complex with gold ions, so that gold can be oxidized into gold ions by using hypochlorite ions under a certain pH and oxidation-reduction potential. In the process, the pretreatment of the materials and the interaction between the sodium hypochlorite solution, sodium dodecyl sulfate, sodium hydroxide and sodium chloride and bromide can be utilized, so that gold in the materials is effectively leached, and the leaching rate of the gold is improved; in addition, the material is pretreated under the alkaline condition and leached under the acidic condition, so that acid-base transformation in the treatment process is avoided, and the working efficiency of gold leaching treatment is effectively improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of the cyanide-free leaching process of gold in gold-containing materials of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
It should be noted that, in order to avoid obscuring the present invention due to unnecessary details, only structures and/or processing steps closely related to aspects of the present invention are shown in the drawings, and other details not greatly related to the present invention are omitted.
In addition, it should be further noted that the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
Referring to fig. 1, the cyanide-free leaching process method for gold in gold-containing materials provided by the invention comprises the following steps:
s1, mineral pretreatment: finely grinding the gold-containing material to more than 80% of-200 meshes to obtain fine-grained mineral; then adding sodium hypochlorite solution with a certain concentration into the fine-grained mineral, wherein the adding volume of the sodium hypochlorite solution is 1.0-1.5 times of the mass of the gold-containing material, adding a predetermined amount of sodium dodecyl sulfate, sodium hydroxide and sodium chloride at one time after uniformly mixing, and stirring for 1.5-5 hours to obtain a pretreated pulp solution;
s2, leaching gold: adding water into the pretreated ore pulp solution, adjusting the concentration of the ore pulp to 20-40%, then adding bromide with a certain mass into the ore pulp solution to obtain mixed solution, adjusting the pH value of the mixed solution to 1.5-3.0, and stirring at room temperature for 60-240 min to obtain gold leaching solution and leaching slag; in the leaching process, hypochlorite solution is added in real time according to the measured oxidation-reduction potential of the ore pulp system so as to maintain the oxidation-reduction potential of the ore pulp system to be 500-1000 mV all the time and ensure that gold in the ore is fully leached.
Preferably, in step S1, the mass percentage of the sodium hypochlorite solution is 8-12%.
Preferably, in the step S1, the addition amounts of the sodium dodecyl sulfate, the sodium hydroxide and the sodium chloride are respectively 0.1-0.5 kg/t, 1-5 kg/t and 0.5-3 kg/t; in the step, sodium dodecyl sulfate is used as a surfactant to reduce the surface tension of minerals, which is beneficial to the contact and reaction of hypochlorite, sodium hydroxide and sodium chloride with materials, wherein the hypochlorite can oxidize sulfide minerals, the sodium hydroxide can react with silicate in a strong oxidation environment, and the sodium chloride is used for complexing with dissolved cations; through the treatment, partial sulfide, silicate and silicate which are wrapped outside the gold can be effectively opened, so that the gold is exposed to the greatest extent.
Preferably, in step S2, the bromide is potassium bromide or sodium bromide, and the concentration of the bromide in the mixed solution is 0.1 to 0.3M.
Preferably, in step S2, the hypochlorite solution is an aqueous solution of sodium hypochlorite, potassium hypochlorite or calcium hypochlorite, and the concentration and the amount of the hypochlorite solution are not limited as long as the solution can be used for regulating the oxidation-reduction potential of the pulp system.
Preferably, in step S2, the pH of the pulp solution is adjusted using one of hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, citric acid, and tartaric acid.
The invention relates to a cyanide-free leaching process method for gold in gold-containing materials, which comprises the following steps: in the mineral pretreatment process, sodium hypochlorite solution is added into the materials and uniformly mixed, then sodium dodecyl sulfate, sodium hydroxide and sodium chloride are added again, the treatment is carried out under the condition of stirring, the surface tension of the minerals is reduced by using the sodium dodecyl sulfate, the minerals are more easily contacted with sodium hydroxide, sodium hypochlorite and the like, and part of sulfides and silicate are dissolved under the action of the sodium hypochlorite solution and the sodium hydroxide, so that the coated gold is exposed, and the subsequent leaching treatment of the gold is facilitated; after pretreatment, under the catalysis of a certain pH, oxidation-reduction potential and bromide ions, the bromide ions are complexed with gold ions, and gold is oxidized into ions under the oxidation of hypochlorite.
The cyanide-free leaching process method for gold in the gold-containing material of the invention is further described below with reference to specific examples:
example 1
In this embodiment, the cyanide-free leaching process method for gold in the gold-containing material is used to leach out raw ore mined from a certain domestic ore, and the composition of the raw ore is shown in table 1:
TABLE 1 composition of raw ore used in this example
| Element(s) | Au(g/t) | Ag(g/t) | Cu(％) | Pb(％) | Zn(％) |
| Content of | 1.63 | 14.27 | 0.0032 | <0.005 | 0.063 |
| Element(s) | As(％) | Fe(％) | S(％) | SiO 2 (％) | Al 2 O 3 (％) |
| Content of | <0.005 | 6.86 | 2.10 | 72.77 | 10.61 |
The leaching treatment process of the raw ore specifically comprises the following steps:
s1, mineral pretreatment: finely grinding the gold-containing material to the size of-200 meshes accounting for 83%, adding sodium hypochlorite solution with the mass percentage of 10% which is 1.3 times of the volume of the gold-containing material, stirring and uniformly mixing, adding 0.2kg/t sodium dodecyl sulfate, 3kg/t sodium hydroxide and 1kg/t sodium chloride into ore pulp, and stirring and pre-treating for 2 hours at room temperature to obtain a pre-treated ore pulp solution;
s2, leaching gold: adding water into the ore pulp solution, adjusting the concentration of the ore pulp to 35%, and then adding potassium bromide into the ore pulp to enable the concentration of the potassium bromide in the ore pulp solution to be 0.25M; then adding hydrochloric acid into the ore pulp solution to adjust the pH value of the ore pulp system to 1.5, leaching gold in the material under the stirring condition, controlling the oxidation-reduction potential of the ore pulp system to be 900mV by adopting sodium hypochlorite solution in the process, and stirring for 90min at room temperature; after the leaching treatment is finished, carrying out solid-liquid separation to obtain leaching liquid and leaching slag, analyzing the grade of gold in the leaching slag, and calculating to obtain the leaching rate of the gold to be 93.51%.
Examples 2 to 3
Examples 2 to 3 differ from example 1 only in that: the mass percentage of the sodium hypochlorite solution in the mineral pretreatment process is different from that of the embodiment 1, and other steps are basically the same as those of the embodiment 1, and are not repeated here. In examples 1 to 3, the mass percentages of the sodium hypochlorite solution and the gold leaching rate under these conditions are shown in Table 2, and it can be seen from Table 2 that the gold leaching rate in the material increases with the mass percentage of the sodium hypochlorite solution.
Table 2 the mass percentages of sodium hypochlorite solutions in example 1 and examples 2 to 3, and the gold leaching rates under these conditions.
Examples 4 to 5
Examples 4 to 5 differ from example 1 only in that: the amount of sodium dodecyl sulfate added in the mineral pretreatment process is different from that in example 1, and other steps are basically the same as in example 1, and are not described in detail herein. In examples 1 and 4 to 5, the addition amount of sodium dodecyl sulfate and the leaching rate of gold under the conditions are shown in Table 3, and it can be seen from the table that the leaching rate of gold shows a tendency of increasing and then decreasing with increasing addition amount of sodium dodecyl sulfate, and the leaching rate of gold is maximum when the addition amount of sodium dodecyl sulfate is 0.2 kg/t.
TABLE 3 gold leaching rates under the conditions in example 1 and examples 4 to 5 in which sodium dodecyl sulfate was added
Examples 6 to 7
Examples 6 to 7 differ from example 1 only in that: the addition amount of sodium chloride in the mineral pretreatment process is different from that in example 1, and other steps are basically the same as in example 1, and are not described in detail herein. In examples 1 and 6 to 7, the addition amount of sodium chloride and the gold leaching rate under these conditions are shown in Table 4, and it can be seen from the tables that the gold leaching rate increases with the addition amount of sodium chloride.
TABLE 4 addition amount of sodium chloride in example 1 and examples 6 to 7 and gold leaching rate under the condition
| Project | Sodium chloride addition (kg/t) | Gold leaching rate (%) |
| Example 1 | 1 | 93.51 |
| Example 6 | 0.5 | 90.36 |
| Example 7 | 3 | 93.94 |
Examples 8 to 9
Examples 8 to 9 differ from example 1 only in that: in step S2, the oxidation-reduction potential of the pulp system is different from that of example 1, and other steps are substantially the same as those of example 1, and will not be described herein. In examples 1 and 8 to 9, the setting of the oxidation-reduction potential and the gold leaching rate under these conditions are shown in Table 5, and it can be seen from the table that the gold leaching rate is greatly affected by the potential, and the higher the potential, the greater the gold leaching rate.
TABLE 5 setting of redox potential in example 1 and examples 8 to 9 and gold leaching rate under the conditions
| Project | Oxidation-reduction potential (mV) | Gold leaching rate (%) |
| Example 1 | 900 | 93.51 |
| Example 8 | 500 | 84.26 |
| Example 9 | 1000 | 94.68 |
Examples 10 to 11
Examples 10 to 11 differ from example 1 only in that: in step S2, the pH of the pulp during leaching is different from that of example 1, and other steps are substantially the same as those of example 1, and will not be described here. In examples 1 and 10 to 11, the pH of the pulp and the gold leaching rate under these conditions are shown in table 6, from which it can be seen that the gold leaching rate decreases with increasing pH of the pulp.
TABLE 6 setting of redox potential in example 1 and examples 10 to 11 and gold leaching rate under the conditions
| Project | pH of ore pulp | Gold leaching rate (%) |
| Example 1 | 1.5 | 93.52 |
| Example 10 | 2.0 | 92.61 |
| Example 11 | 3.0 | 88.96 |
Comparative example 1
Comparative example 1 differs from example 1 only in that: sodium chloride is not added in step S1, but sodium chloride of the same mass as in example 1 is added in step S2, and other steps are substantially the same as in example 1, and will not be described again. The leaching rate of gold in this comparative example was 85.64% which is significantly lower than that of example 1, and the results indicate that the order of addition of sodium chloride during the leaching process has an effect on the leaching rate of gold. The main reasons for the above are: sodium chloride is added in the pretreatment stage, and after the sodium hypochlorite and the sodium hydroxide react with the outer wrapping material of gold in the minerals to dissolve out cations, the treatment efficiency of the pretreatment process is improved by means of the complexation between chloride ions in the sodium chloride and the cations; sodium chloride is added in the leaching treatment step, the pretreatment process is insufficient, and gold is still in a wrapped state, so that the leaching of gold in the subsequent leaching process is affected.
In summary, according to the cyanide-free leaching process method for gold in the gold-containing material, the gold-containing material is pretreated by utilizing the sodium hypochlorite solution, the sodium dodecyl sulfate, the sodium hydroxide and the sodium chloride solution together so as to dissolve the sulfide minerals and the silicate minerals coated outside the gold, so that the gold is exposed, and the subsequent leaching of the gold is facilitated; then, sodium hypochlorite salt is used for controlling the oxidation-reduction potential of the ore pulp system, bromide ions are introduced on the basis, the bromide ions are used as catalysts and ligands to complex with gold ions, and gold is oxidized into ions by utilizing the oxidability of hypochlorite under a certain pH value and oxidation-reduction potential. Under the combined action of pretreatment and leaching treatment, the gold leaching efficiency is high, and the high-efficiency gold leaching in complex minerals is realized by utilizing the process method provided by the invention.
The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention and not for limiting the same, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications and equivalents may be made thereto without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. A cyanide-free leaching process method for gold in gold-containing materials is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, finely grinding a gold-containing material to more than 80% of-200 meshes to obtain fine-grained minerals; then adding a certain amount of sodium hypochlorite solution into the fine-fraction minerals, stirring and mixing uniformly, adding a predetermined amount of sodium dodecyl sulfate, sodium hydroxide and sodium chloride, and stirring for a period of time to obtain a pretreated pulp solution;
the added volume quantity of the sodium hypochlorite solution is 1.0-1.5 times of the mass of the gold-containing material; the mass percentage of the sodium hypochlorite solution is 10-12%; the adding amount of the sodium dodecyl sulfate is 0.2-0.5 kg/t; the addition amount of the sodium hydroxide is 1-5 kg/t; the addition amount of the sodium chloride is 1-3 kg/t;
s2, adjusting the concentration of the ore pulp solution obtained in the step S1 to 20-40%, and adding bromide with a certain mass to obtain a mixed solution, wherein the concentration of the bromide in the mixed solution is 0.1-0.3M;
then, one of hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, citric acid and tartaric acid is adopted to adjust the pH of the mixed solution, wherein the pH is 1.5-2.0;
stirring at room temperature for 60-240 min to perform potential control leaching treatment to obtain gold leaching solution and leaching slag; and in the leaching process, adding hypochlorite solution in real time according to the measured oxidation-reduction potential of the ore pulp system so as to maintain the oxidation-reduction potential of the ore pulp system at 900-1000 mV all the time.
2. The cyanide-free leaching process of gold in gold-containing material according to claim 1, wherein in step S2, the hypochlorite solution is an aqueous solution of sodium hypochlorite, potassium hypochlorite or calcium hypochlorite.
3. The cyanide-free leaching process of gold in gold-containing material according to claim 1, wherein in step S2, the bromide is potassium bromide or sodium bromide.
4. The cyanide-free leaching process of gold in a gold-containing material according to claim 1, wherein in step S1, the stirring treatment is performed for 1.5 to 5 hours.
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