CN115717620A - Piston rod locking mechanism and working cylinder - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a piston rod locking mechanism, comprising: the base is used for being connected with the cylinder body of the working cylinder; the clamping piece is fixedly arranged on the base, is provided with a pressure inclined plane and is used for clamping a piston rod of the working cylinder when the pressure inclined plane is pressed; the locking piston is slidably mounted at the base along the telescopic direction of the piston rod to form a piston cavity, and a locking cavity and an unlocking cavity both provided with external interfaces are respectively formed at two sides of the locking piston along the sliding direction; the locking piston is provided with a pushing part for abutting against the pressed inclined plane, so that when the locking piston slides to a first position, the pushing part pushes the pressed inclined plane to be pressed so as to clamp the piston rod; when the locking piston slides to the second position, the pushing portion releases the pressure inclined surface, so that the clamping piece releases the piston rod. The problem that the locking effect of the piston rod is not good can be effectively solved. The invention discloses a working cylinder.

Description

Piston rod locking mechanism and working cylinder

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of pneumatic and hydraulic, in particular to a piston rod locking mechanism and a working cylinder comprising the piston rod locking mechanism.

Background

In the fields of machine tools, metallurgy, engineering machinery, water conservancy and the like, when a hydraulic oil cylinder runs to a certain position with load, the hydraulic oil cylinder is usually required to be kept at the certain position for a long time, and for the occasions that the hydraulic oil cylinder is required to be reliably locked for a long time under the action of load and can not displace in two directions, a hydraulic oil cylinder locking mechanism is required to be used, can safely lock the oil cylinder, and can keep a piston rod at any position for a long time without moving.

The modes for realizing the locking function of the hydraulic oil cylinder in the industry at present have two main types: the first type adopts a pure hydraulic locking loop, namely a hydraulic locking loop is formed by hydraulic elements such as a reversing valve, a hydraulic control one-way valve, a balance valve and the like, so that the one-way or two-way locking function of the hydraulic oil cylinder is realized; the second category is the purely mechanical locking mode. The pure mechanical locking is divided into unidirectional locking and bidirectional locking; the purely mechanical one-way locking is in a nut screwing type, when the piston rod of the oil cylinder runs to a certain position, the locking nut moving along with the piston rod is manually screwed to the end face of the cylinder barrel in a reverse direction, and the one-way locking function of preventing the retraction of the piston rod is realized; the pure mechanical bidirectional locking comprises an expansion sleeve type, a clamping jaw type, a steel ball positioning type and a band-type brake type.

The pure hydraulic locking loop can only be used in occasions with low locking requirements because the piston rod movement caused by the unavoidable internal leakage of the hydraulic cylinder and the hydraulic element cannot be solved. The nut screwing type locking mode can only be applied to occasions with low automation degree, unidirectional locking and small oil cylinder specification due to the fact that automatic locking cannot be achieved, unidirectional locking can only be achieved and the limitation of the oil cylinder size is achieved. The expansion sleeve type is characterized in that a locking mechanism and a main oil cylinder are integrated, the locking effect is good, the defects are that the unlocking pressure is high, the energy consumption is high, the locking and unlocking signaling functions are not realized, a tool or a cold assembly mode is needed during installation, the unlocking pressure needs to be input into the expansion sleeve by using an oil source during disassembly, the piston retracts to the lower limit position, and the piston is taken out by using the tool or a heating cylinder barrel, so that the implementation is troublesome. The clamping jaw type structure is also integrated with the main oil cylinder, the structure is more compact than that of an expansion sleeve type structure, but the locking effect is not good than that of an expansion sleeve type structure, the locking can only be carried out at two end parts of the oil cylinder, micro sliding exists, the locking force is smaller, and the clamping jaw type structure is suitable for occasions with small-size oil cylinders, low locking requirements and only two-end locking. The steel ball positioning type is simpler than the former two types in structure, but can only be locked when the oil cylinder reaches a certain position, cannot realize locking at any position, has smaller locking force and also has micro-slippage. The contracting brake type structure adopts a form that the spiral disc spring stores energy, utilizes the elastic force stored by the spiral disc spring to generate horizontal thrust on the piston, the piston transmits the force to the taper sleeve, and the taper sleeve is transmitted to the piston rod to realize the contracting of the piston rod; band-type brake formula structure requires highly to the spiral dish spring, does not detect the device that spiral dish spring became invalid, in case became invalid, the piston rod will produce and remove, need very big power during the installation just can compress spiral dish spring, install and target in place, and the overwhelming time of dish spring is in compression state, and this is unfavorable to dish spring itself and the piston rod of holding tightly.

In summary, how to effectively solve the problem of poor locking effect of the piston rod is a problem which needs to be solved urgently by those skilled in the art at present.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above, the first object of the present invention is to provide a piston rod locking mechanism which can effectively solve the problem of poor locking effect of a piston rod, and the second object of the present invention is to provide a cylinder including the above piston rod locking mechanism.

In order to achieve the first object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

a piston rod locking mechanism comprising:

a base for connection to a cylinder block;

the clamping piece is fixedly arranged on the base, is provided with a pressure inclined plane and is used for clamping a piston rod of the working cylinder when the pressure inclined plane is pressed;

the locking piston is slidably mounted at the base along the telescopic direction of the piston rod to form a piston cavity, and a locking cavity and an unlocking cavity both provided with external interfaces are respectively formed at two sides of the locking piston along the sliding direction; the locking piston is provided with a pushing part for abutting against the pressed inclined plane, so that when the locking piston slides to a first position, the pushing part pushes the pressed inclined plane to be pressed so as to clamp the piston rod; when the locking piston slides to the second position, the pushing portion releases the pressure inclined surface, so that the clamping piece releases the piston rod.

When the piston rod locking mechanism is applied, the base is connected to the cylinder body of the working cylinder, and the piston rod of the working cylinder penetrates through the clamping opening of the clamping piece. If the piston rod needs to be locked, fluid is led into the locking cavity through the outer interface, and fluid in the unlocking cavity is led out, so that the locking piston is pushed to move, and the clamping piece is pushed to gradually clamp the piston rod through force transmission between the pushing portion and the pressure inclined surface. When the unlocking is needed, only reverse operation is needed, and at the moment, the pushing part does not apply force to the pressure inclined plane any more, so that the clamping piece is reset under the elastic action, and the piston rod is loosened. In the piston rod locking mechanism, a mechanical mechanism such as a clamping piece is adopted for locking the piston rod, and a translational driving cylinder consisting of a locking piston and a corresponding piston cavity is adopted for driving the clamping piece to clamp, so that compared with pure mechanical locking, the power output of the translational driving cylinder is more controllable and reliable. And compared with pure hydraulic locking, the fluid leakage in the piston cavity can change the driving force of the locking piston, the piston rod cannot be loosened at the moment, and a certain stable space is provided to avoid the random floating of the piston rod. In conclusion, the piston rod locking mechanism can effectively solve the problem that the locking effect of the piston rod is not good.

Preferably, the clip has a tapered sleeve portion for being sleeved outside the piston rod, and an outer side surface of the tapered sleeve portion is the pressed inclined surface; the locking piston is provided with a taper hole part which is sleeved outside the taper sleeve part, and the inner hole wall of the taper hole part is the pushing part.

Preferably, the base includes the barrel and sets up first end cover and the second end cover at the barrel both ends respectively, the barrel is inboard to be formed the piston chamber, first end cover with form the cooperation in the second end cover the sealed hole that the piston rod set up, locking piston periphery with sealed cooperation between the barrel, the locking piston is in sealed hole has in taper hole portion one end department.

Preferably, the clamp includes an assembly cylinder portion disposed at one end of the tapered sleeve portion, and the assembly cylinder portion is disposed to penetrate through the first end cover so as to form a sealing hole in the assembly cylinder portion, the sealing hole being disposed to match the piston rod.

Preferably, at least one sealing hole is sealed by sequentially arranging the guide sleeve and the sealing ring.

Preferably, the tapered sleeve portion is provided with a plurality of axial slots which are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction, and the tapered sleeve portion is internally provided with a plurality of annular grooves which are sequentially arranged along the axial direction.

Preferably, the locking cavity and/or the unlocking cavity are communicated with an energy accumulator.

Preferably, an eccentric proximity switch for detecting the position of the locking piston is arranged on the base, and an induction ring for detecting the eccentric proximity switch is arranged on the periphery of the locking piston; the locking device further comprises a limiting column fixed on the base, so that when the locking piston slides to the second position, the limiting column is abutted against the locking piston to prevent the locking piston from continuously moving.

Preferably, the oil-return valve comprises an oil inlet interface, an oil return interface and an electromagnetic reversing valve, wherein the electromagnetic reversing valve is a three-position four-way reversing valve; when the three-position four-way reversing valve is at a first working position, the oil inlet port is communicated to the locking cavity, and the oil return port is communicated to the unlocking cavity; when the three-position four-way reversing valve is at the second working position, the locking cavity and the unlocking cavity are closed; when the three-position four-way reversing valve is at a third working position, the oil inlet port is communicated to the unlocking cavity, and the oil return port is communicated to the locking cavity; the electromagnetic directional valve is communicated with the locking cavity and the unlocking cavity through a bidirectional hydraulic lock.

In order to achieve the second object, the invention further provides a working cylinder, which comprises any one of the piston rod locking mechanisms, and comprises a piston rod and a cylinder body, wherein a base of the piston rod locking mechanism is fixedly connected to the cylinder body, and a clamping piece clamping opening of the piston rod locking mechanism is provided with the piston rod in a penetrating manner. Because the above-mentioned piston rod locking mechanism has the above-mentioned technical effect, the working cylinder with this piston rod locking mechanism should also have corresponding technical effect.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.

Fig. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional structural view of a piston rod locking mechanism provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of an outer side structure of a piston rod locking mechanism provided in the embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 3 is a schematic three-dimensional structure diagram of a piston rod locking mechanism provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 4 is a schematic end-side structure diagram of a piston rod locking mechanism provided in the embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional structural view of the piston rod locking mechanism during unlocking according to the embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a piston rod locking mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 7 is a schematic oil path diagram of a piston rod locking mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an eccentric switch according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of an eccentric switch according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of an outer end of an eccentric switch according to an embodiment of the present invention.

The drawings are numbered as follows:

1. a first end cap; 2. an unlock cavity; 3. a first dust ring; 4. a first guide ring; 5. a first Y-shaped ring; 6. a first steganography; 7. a clamp; 8. a third O-shaped sealing ring; 9. a second guide ring; 10. a first O-ring seal; 11. a gland; 12. mounting screws; 13. a first guide sleeve; 14. a Glare circle; 15. a second guide sleeve; 16. a second O-ring seal; 17. a second end cap; 18. a locking cavity; 19. a fourth guide ring; 20. a second stetcock; 21. a second Y-shaped ring; 22. a second dust ring; 23. a third guide ring; 24. a limiting column; 25. a piston rod; 26. a fifth guide ring; 27. a third stegat; 28. a sixth guide ring; 29. locking the piston; 30. a conical spacer bush; 31. a barrel; 32. locking the screw; 33. a valve block; 34. a second accumulator; 35. a second pressure sensor; 36. a first accumulator; 37. a first pipe joint; 38. a first eccentric proximity switch; 39. an oil inlet interface; 40. an electromagnetic directional valve; 41. a bidirectional hydraulic lock; 42. a second pipe joint; 43. an oil return interface; 44. a second pressure sensor; 45. a second eccentric proximity switch; 46. a locking oil port; 47. an unlocking oil port; 48. a first inductive loop; 49. a second inductive loop; 50. a transmitter; 51. an eccentric shaft; 52. a thrust nut.

Detailed Description

The embodiment of the invention discloses a piston rod locking mechanism which can effectively solve the problem of poor locking effect of a piston rod.

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Referring to fig. 1 to 10, fig. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating a piston rod locking mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention; fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of an outer side structure of a piston rod locking mechanism provided in the embodiment of the present invention; fig. 3 is a schematic three-dimensional structure diagram of a piston rod locking mechanism provided in an embodiment of the present invention; fig. 4 is a schematic end-side structure diagram of a piston rod locking mechanism provided in the embodiment of the present invention; fig. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional structural view of the piston rod locking mechanism during unlocking according to the embodiment of the present invention; fig. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional structural view of the piston rod locking mechanism during locking according to the embodiment of the present invention; fig. 7 is a schematic oil path diagram of a piston rod locking mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention; fig. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an eccentric switch according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of an eccentric switch according to an embodiment of the present invention; fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of an outer end of an eccentric switch according to an embodiment of the present invention.

In some embodiments, a piston rod locking mechanism for a working cylinder is provided, wherein the working cylinder may be a cylinder, a hydro-cylinder, a rotary drive cylinder, or a telescopic drive cylinder (translational drive cylinder), wherein a piston rod 25 of the rotary drive cylinder rotates the output, and wherein a piston rod 25 of the telescopic drive cylinder translates the output. The main function of the piston rod locking mechanism is to lock the position relationship between the piston rod 25 and the cylinder when the piston rod 25 moves to the corresponding position.

Specifically, the piston rod locking mechanism mainly comprises a base, a clamping piece 7 and a locking piston 29. The base is used for being connected with a cylinder body of the working cylinder, and for example, a flange used for being connected with the cylinder body is arranged on the base. The clamping piece 7 is fixedly arranged on the base, is provided with a pressed inclined surface, and is used for clamping the piston rod 25 of the working cylinder when the pressed inclined surface is pressed so as to prevent the piston rod 25 from moving relative to the clamping piece 7 and further prevent the piston rod 25 from moving relative to a cylinder body connected with the base to realize locking.

And the locking piston 29 is arranged in a piston cavity formed at the base in a sliding mode along the telescopic direction of the piston rod 25, and serves as a piston part of the piston cavity so as to be combined into a translation driving cylinder independent of the working cylinder body. And a lock chamber 18 and an unlock chamber 2 are formed at both sides of the lock piston 29 in the sliding direction, respectively, wherein the lock chamber 18 and the unlock chamber 2 each have an external interface for introducing and discharging fluid. The specific piston chamber is not limited, and may be disposed to surround the piston rod 25, or may be disposed on one side of the piston rod 25, so as to be able to combine the above-described translation drive cylinders.

Wherein the locking piston 29 is provided with a pushing part for pressing against the pressed inclined surface, so that when the locking piston 29 slides to the first position, the pushing part pushes the pressed inclined surface to be pressed, so as to clamp the piston rod 25; when the locking piston 29 slides to the second position, the pushing portion releases the pressure-receiving slant so that the clip 7 releases the piston rod 25. It should be noted that, the oblique surfaces abut against each other, and the principle of clamping is realized in that when the pushing portion needs to move along the oblique direction of the pressed oblique surface, because the pushing portion can only move in a translation manner, the driving force of the pushing portion on the pressed oblique surface includes pushing force in the pushing direction and pressure perpendicular to the pushing direction, at this time, the pushing portion needs to continue to move in a translation manner, and then the pressed oblique surface needs to move along the direction perpendicular to the pushing direction, so that pushing and pressing in the direction are realized to clamp.

When the piston rod locking mechanism is applied, the base is connected to the cylinder body of the cylinder, and the piston rod 25 of the cylinder is inserted through the nip of the clamp 7. If locking is required, fluid is introduced into the locking chamber 18 through the outer interface and fluid is introduced into the unlocking chamber 2 to move the locking piston 29, so that the clamping member 7 is pushed to gradually clamp the piston rod 25 by force transmission between the pushing portion and the pressure ramp. When unlocking is required, only reverse operation is required, and the pushing part does not apply force to the pressure inclined surface any more, so that the clamping piece 7 is reset under the elastic action to release the piston rod 25. In the piston rod locking mechanism, a mechanical mechanism such as the clamping piece 7 is adopted for locking the piston rod 25, and the clamping action of the clamping piece 7 is driven by a translation driving cylinder consisting of the locking piston 29 and a corresponding piston cavity, so that compared with pure mechanical locking, the power output of the translation driving cylinder is more controllable and reliable. And compared with pure hydraulic locking, the leakage of fluid in the piston cavity can change the driving force of the locking piston 29 firstly, and the piston rod 25 can not be loosened at the moment, so that a certain stable space is provided to avoid the random floating of the piston rod 25. In conclusion, the piston rod locking mechanism can effectively solve the problem that the locking effect of the piston rod 25 is not good.

In some embodiments, in which the pressure slope can be only on one side of the piston rod 25, and need not be disposed around the piston rod 25, the locking piston 29 and the piston cavity can constitute a general telescopic cylinder, and the protruding end of the locking piston 29 forms a pushing portion to push the one side pressing portion of the clip 7 to move through the slope abutting relationship, so as to reduce the clipping opening, thereby realizing the clipping control.

In some embodiments, in order to better hold the piston rod 25 tightly and avoid the piston rod 25 from being subjected to eccentric force, it is preferable that the clip 7 therein has a tapered sleeve portion for being sleeved outside the piston rod 25, and an outer side surface of the tapered sleeve portion is a compression inclined surface; the locking piston 29 has a tapered hole portion to fit outside the tapered sleeve portion, and the inner hole wall of the tapered hole portion is the above-mentioned pushing portion.

In some embodiments, correspondingly, in order to form the above-mentioned piston cavity conveniently, it is preferable that the base therein includes a cylinder 31 and a first end cap 1 and a second end cap 17 respectively disposed at two ends of the cylinder 31, wherein the piston cavity is formed inside the cylinder 31, and sealing holes disposed to match the piston rod 25 are formed in the first end cap 1 and the second end cap 17, as shown in fig. 1, wherein the first end cap 1 is formed on the inner clip 7 to form the sealing hole in the first end cap 1, and wherein the second end cap 17 is directly formed in the sealing hole in the inner portion. The periphery of the locking piston 29 is in sealing fit with the cylinder, the locking piston 29 is provided with a sealing hole at one end of the conical hole, and the piston rod 25 penetrates through the cylinder 31, so that the piston cavity is an annular cavity, and the corresponding locking piston 29 is an annular piston.

In some embodiments, to facilitate installation, the clip 7 may include a fitting cylinder portion disposed at one end of the tapered sleeve portion, the fitting cylinder portion being disposed through the first end cap 1 to form a sealing bore within the fitting cylinder portion disposed to mate with the piston rod 25. It is of course also possible to form a sealing hole directly in the first end cap 1, which is arranged to cooperate with the piston rod 25, while the clip 7 is fixed to the inside of the first end cap 1.

In some embodiments, a piston rod locking mechanism for a working cylinder is provided, as shown in fig. 1, the piston rod locking mechanism mainly comprises a clamp 7, a locking piston 29 and a base.

Wherein the base mainly comprises a cylinder 31, a first end cap 1 and a second end cap 17. The first end cap 1 and the second end cap 17 are respectively disposed at two ends of the cylinder 31 to form a piston chamber therebetween, and the locking piston 29 is a piston of the piston chamber to form another pneumatic cylinder or hydraulic cylinder compared with the inner chamber of the cylinder body of the working cylinder. The connection mode between the first end cap 1 and the second end cap 17 and the cylinder 31 can be set according to the requirement, such as screw connection.

The first end cap 1 is sleeved on an end assembling cylinder part of the clamping piece 7 and is in sealing connection with the assembling cylinder part, and sealing holes in sliding fit with the piston rod 25 are formed in the assembling cylinder part, the locking piston 29 and the second end cap 17, so that the piston cavity is formed in a cavity between the piston rod 25 and the cylinder 31. At this time, the locking chamber 18 and the unlocking chamber 2 are formed at both sides of the locking piston 29, respectively, to be adjusted by the pressures of both chambers to push the locking piston 29 to move.

One end of the clamping piece in the cylinder 31 is also provided with a tapered sleeve part which is arranged in parallel with the assembling cylinder part and used as a clamping part, and the outer side surface of the tapered sleeve part forms an inclined side surface and used as a pressure inclined surface. The locking piston 29 has a tapered hole portion to fit outside the tapered sleeve portion, so that when the locking piston 29 moves toward the first end cap 1, the tapered hole portion will act as a pushing portion to push the pressed inclined surface to move toward the piston rod 25, so that the tapered sleeve portion of the clamp 7 clamps the piston rod 25. The side of the locking piston 29 close to the first end cap 1 is the unlocking cavity 2, and the side of the locking piston 29 close to the second end cap 17 is the locking cavity 18.

In use, the base is fixedly connected with the cylinder body of the working cylinder, and the piston rod 25 passes through the clamping member 7, the locking piston 29 and the sealing hole on the second end cap 17 in sequence, so that a closed piston cavity is formed between the cylinder body 31 and the piston rod 25. When the piston rod 25 needs to be locked, fluid is filled into the locking cavity 18 (when the working cylinder is an oil cylinder, the fluid is oil), and fluid in the unlocking cavity 2 flows out to push the locking piston 29 to move towards the first end cover 1 until the tapered hole part on the locking piston 29 pushes the tapered sleeve part towards the piston rod 25 to contract towards the center, so as to clamp the piston rod 25. When the piston rod 25 needs to be unlocked, oil bodies are filled into the unlocking cavity 2, the oil bodies in the locking cavity 18 flow out to push the locking piston 29 to move towards the second end cover 17 until the conical hole part on the locking piston 29 is separated from extrusion on the conical sleeve part, and at the moment, the conical sleeve part loosens the inner piston rod 25 under the elastic action, so that the piston rod 25 can continue to move, and unlocking is completed.

In some embodiments, a tapered spacer may be provided between the tapered bore portion and the tapered sleeve portion, wherein the tapered spacer 30 may be secured to the large bore end of the locking piston 29 by the gland 11 and the mounting screw 12.

In some embodiments, the cylinder 31 may be a cylinder, a square cylinder, or other cylinder, preferably a cylinder, to facilitate sealing at various joints.

In some embodiments, the first end cover 1 may be provided with a flange portion to cooperate with a flange on the cylinder block for connection, such as screw connection or bolt connection. And preferably positioned therebetween by a seam allowance. In the above manner, the piston rod 25 is firmly connected to the cylinder body of the working cylinder. And the piston rod 25 may extend through the center of the piston rod locking mechanism and connect to the front ear ring.

Of course, the base can also be connected with the cylinder body through the cylinder body 31 or other structures, and the connection mode can also be not limited to the flange mode, such as welding, clamping and the like.

In some embodiments, the first end cap 1 and the second end cap 17 have inner protrusions, wherein two ends of the cylinder 31 are respectively sleeved on the inner protrusion of the first end cap 1 and the inner protrusion of the second end cap 17, and the outer periphery of the inner protrusion has a groove for installing an O-ring, specifically, the inner protrusion of the first end cap 1 is provided with a groove for placing the first O-ring 10, and the inner protrusion of the second end cap 17 is provided with a groove for placing the second O-ring 16. The first end cover 1 and the second end cover 17 are preferably fixedly connected with the cylinder 31 by means of screws or the like, and may be welded.

In some embodiments, at least one of the sealing holes is formed in the guide sleeve and the sealing ring in sequence. So as to be guided by the guide sleeve and the sealing ring is sealed.

In some embodiments, a dust ring, a guide ring, a Y-ring, a steckel, and a guide ring may be sequentially disposed inside and outside the sealing holes formed in the first end cover 1 and the second end cover 17 and configured to cooperate with the piston rod 25. Correspondingly, the hole wall of the sealing hole can be provided with a plurality of grooves for respectively accommodating the dust ring, the guide ring, the Y-shaped ring, the Stent seal and the guide ring.

Specifically, for example, a plurality of grooves are sequentially formed on the inner side of the clamping member 7, so that the first dust ring 3, the first guide ring 4, the first Y-shaped ring 5, the first steckel seal 6 and the second guide ring 9 are sequentially arranged along the direction toward the second end cap 17.

Correspondingly, for example, a plurality of grooves are sequentially formed on the inner side of the second end cover 17 in the direction toward the first end cover 1, so as to respectively place the second dust ring 22, the third guide ring 23, the second Y-shaped ring 21, the second steckel seal 20 and the fourth guide ring 19.

In some embodiments, a third steiner 27 and fifth and sixth guide rings 26 and 28, respectively, located on either side of the third steiner 27 may be provided in the sealing bore of the locking piston 29. The walls of the sealing holes may be formed with a plurality of grooves for receiving the third steiner 27, the fifth guide ring 26 and the sixth guide ring 28, respectively.

In some embodiments, a gray ring 14, and a first guide sleeve 13 and a second guide sleeve 15 respectively located at both sides of the gray ring 14 may be provided between the locking piston 29 and the inner wall of the cylinder 31. Wherein the locking piston 29 may be provided with a plurality of recesses for receiving the above-mentioned greige ring 14, the first guide sleeve 13 and the second guide sleeve 15, respectively.

In some embodiments, a third O-ring 8 may be disposed between the assembly cylinder and the first end cap 1, and the third O-ring may be connected to the first end cap by a locking screw 32, or may be welded. Specifically, the locking screw 32 can be used in the cylinder 3131 to thread with the first end cap 1 after passing through the assembled cylinder.

In some embodiments, 45# steel (medium carbon steel) can be used as the material of the cylinder 31, and the material is subjected to quenching and tempering treatment to improve the mechanical property of the cylinder, and the internal part is subjected to boring and rolling to make the internal surface denser and smooth finish Ra0.4, so that the frictional resistance between the locking piston 29 and the internal surface of the cylinder 31 in the locking and unlocking processes is reduced, and the internal leakage amount is reduced.

In some embodiments, the material of the locking piston 29 can be 45# steel (medium carbon steel), and through quenching and tempering, the surface hardness is improved through surface carburization, so that the conical spacer 30 which is in long-term contact and stressed can be prevented from being adhered.

In some embodiments, the clamp 7 may be made of spring steel and heat treated to carburize the outer surface to increase its surface hardness and prevent adhesion when contacting the inner surface of the tapered spacer 30 to conduct the force component; the inner surface is carburized to improve the surface hardness thereof, and adhesion is prevented from being generated when the piston rod 25 is held tightly for a long time.

In some embodiments, the material of the main body of the tapered spacer 30 may be copper alloy, and the inner surface is coated with multiple polymer material layers at high temperature, so as to ensure that the inner surface has sufficient hardness and finish, so as to reduce the friction between the tapered spacer 30 and the pressed inclined surface during the locking stage and the unlocking stage.

Of course, in some embodiments, the materials of the locking piston 29, the cylinder 31, the clip 7 and the tapered spacer 30 may be selected from other metals or plastics according to the requirement.

In some embodiments, a plurality of axially sequential annular grooves may be provided in the tapered sleeve portion. A plurality of annular grooves with equal or unequal intervals can improve the friction coefficient when contacting the piston rod 25.

In some embodiments, the tapered sleeve portion may be provided with a plurality of axially-oriented slots uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction, for example, four axially-oriented slots longitudinally milled at an end of the tapered sleeve portion near the locking piston 29, and four axially-oriented slots uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction. So that the clamping member 7 can be radially rebounded and reset when not being subjected to external force, thereby releasing the clamped piston rod 25.

In some embodiments, the lock chamber 18 and/or the unlock chamber 2 may be in communication with an accumulator. When in use, the locking cavity 18 is pressurized under the locking working condition, and the internal leakage of the bidirectional hydraulic lock or the locking piston 29 and the like is compensated. The volume, the pre-charging nitrogen pressure, the lowest working pressure, the highest working pressure and the quantity are determined according to the actual locking time. The accumulator is generally of a diaphragm type, and has stable performance and compact structure. In particular, the locking chamber 18 may be connected to a first energy accumulator 36 and the unlocking chamber 2 to a second energy accumulator 34. Further, a first pressure sensor 44 for detecting the pressure of the locking chamber 18 and a second pressure sensor 35 for detecting the pressure of the unlocking chamber 2 may be provided outside the cylinder 31 to be able to reflect the operating states of the first accumulator 36 and the second accumulator 34, respectively. Correspondingly, it is possible to place the first energy accumulator 36 in communication with the locking chamber 18 via an external first pipe connection 37, and the second energy accumulator 34 in communication with the unlocking chamber 2 via an external second pipe connection 42.

In some embodiments, an eccentric proximity switch for detecting the position of the locking piston 29 may be disposed on the base, and an induction ring for detecting the eccentric proximity switch may be disposed on the outer circumference of the locking piston 29.

The eccentric switch comprises a signaling body 50, an eccentric shaft 51 and a thrust nut 52, the eccentric structure is flexible, the signaling body can be flexibly adjusted, the thrust nut is loosened anticlockwise during position adjustment, the eccentric shaft is rotated, the signaling body rotates along with the eccentric shaft, and when the position is required, the thrust nut is screwed clockwise, so that the whole adjusting process is completed. Wherein, a sealing ring is arranged between the eccentric shaft and the assembling hole, and a sealing ring and a check ring are arranged between the signaling body and the eccentric shaft.

Specifically, the locking piston 29 may be provided with a first inductive ring 48 and a second inductive ring 49, and the base is correspondingly provided with the first eccentric proximity switch 38 and the second eccentric proximity switch 45. When the second induction ring 49 approaches the second eccentric proximity switch 45, the second eccentric proximity switch 45 sends a signal to indicate that the locking piston 29 enters the first position at the moment, and the piston rod 25 is locked; when the first inductive loop 48 approaches the first eccentric proximity switch 38, the first eccentric proximity switch 38 signals that the locking piston 29 enters the second position, and the piston rod 25 is released and can freely extend and retract.

In some embodiments, a limiting post 24 fixed on the base is further included to abut against the locking piston 29 when the locking piston 29 slides to the second position, so as to prevent the locking piston 29 from moving further.

The limiting column 24, such as a square column, a cylinder, etc., can be made of 45# steel (medium carbon steel), subjected to quenching and tempering, or made of other metals or plastics. Wherein the restraint posts 24 may be specifically mounted to the second end cap 17. Mechanical limit protection is provided for unlocking in place, in the unlocking process, when the first induction ring of the locking piston 29 is close to the first eccentric proximity switch 38, unlocking is completed, due to the inertia effect, the locking piston 29 still moves to the right, and therefore at the initial stage of the locking stage, the first induction ring sends a signal when reversely close to the first eccentric proximity switch 38, and the problem is just solved by the arrangement of the limit cylinder.

In some embodiments, an oil inlet port 39, an oil return port 43, and a solenoid directional valve 40 may be included, wherein the solenoid directional valve 40 is a three-position, four-way directional valve; when the three-position four-way reversing valve is at the first working position, the oil inlet port 39 is communicated to the locking oil port 46 of the locking cavity 18, and the oil return port 43 is communicated to the unlocking oil port 47 of the unlocking cavity 2; when the three-position four-way reversing valve is at the second working position, the interfaces of the locking cavity 18 and the unlocking cavity 2 are closed; when the three-position four-way reversing valve is in the third working position, the oil inlet port 39 is communicated to the unlocking cavity 2, and the oil return port 43 is communicated to the locking cavity 18.

Further, it is possible to communicate the electromagnetic directional valve to the lock chamber 18 and the unlock chamber 2 through a bidirectional hydraulic lock. At the moment, when the three-position four-way reversing valve is at the second working position, the locking cavity 18 and the interface of the unlocking cavity 2 are communicated to an oil return interface through a bidirectional hydraulic lock.

As shown in the drawing, the two-way hydraulic lock 41 mainly includes two branches to lock the chamber 18 and an interface of the electromagnetic directional valve, and unlock the chamber 2 and an interface of the electromagnetic directional valve. The two branches are provided with one-way valves which are opened towards the locking cavity 18 or the unlocking cavity 2 in one way, the one-way valves are hydraulic control valves and can be opened in a hydraulic control mode, and therefore one ends of the branches close to the electromagnetic ring valves are divided into the branches which serve as control paths and are communicated with the hydraulic control ports of the one-way valves on the other branch.

For example, the electromagnetic directional valve is provided with a port A and a port B, wherein the port A is communicated with the unlocking cavity 2 through a first branch, and the port B is communicated with the locking cavity 18 through a second branch. When the unlocking is needed, the port A outputs high-pressure oil, when the high-pressure oil passes through the one-way valve on the first branch, the same high-pressure oil of the port A flows to the control port of the one-way valve on the second branch through the control path because the one-way valve on the downstream first branch is opened, so that the one-way valve on the second branch is opened. Where unlocking is the opposite of locking. When the three-position four-way reversing valve is in the second working position, the port A and the port B are both communicated with the oil return port to be in a low-pressure state, and the one-way valve cannot be opened to realize pressure maintaining.

The three-position four-way reversing valve can be respectively provided with an electromagnet at two ends so as to respectively control the movement to the first working position and the third working position. And when the electromagnets at the two ends are powered off, the electromagnets are reset to a second working position under the action of the elastic device.

For convenience of installation, the valve block 33 may be installed on the outer side of the cylinder 31, wherein the oil inlet port 39, the oil return port 43 and the electromagnetic directional valve 40 are all integrally installed on the valve block 33, and the valve block 33 and the cylinder 31 may be installed by using screws or welding.

In some embodiments, this may be done as follows,

before the working cylinder moves, an electromagnet at one end of the electromagnetic directional valve is electrified, so that oil of an external hydraulic system enters the unlocking cavity 2 through an oil inlet interface of the piston rod locking mechanism, the electromagnetic directional valve and the bidirectional hydraulic lock.

Secondly, after the oil enters the unlocking cavity 2, as shown in fig. 1, the annular area on the left side of the locking piston 29 is pressed, the locking piston 29 has a tendency of moving to the right, and as the system pressure further rises, when the friction resistance and the on-way fluid resistance of the locking piston 29 are overcome, and simultaneously the hydraulic power pilot opens the check valve on the oil return side of the bidirectional hydraulic lock, at this time, the locking piston 29 moves to the right, and the oil in the locking cavity 18 returns to the hydraulic system through the bidirectional hydraulic lock, the electromagnetic directional valve and the oil return port.

Thirdly, when the first induction ring on the locking piston 29 moves to be close to the first eccentric proximity switch 38, the signaling switch is triggered to send a signal and inform an upper computer, the upper computer outputs an instruction to cut off an electric signal of the electromagnetic directional valve after acquiring the signal, the electromagnetic directional valve returns to a middle position under the action of spring force, unlocking is completed, and after the unlocking is completed, the main oil cylinder can freely extend and retract.

And fourthly, when the main oil cylinder needs to be locked, the electromagnet at the other end of the electromagnetic directional valve is electrified, and oil liquid of an external hydraulic system enters the locking cavity 18 chamber through an oil inlet pipe joint of the locking mechanism, the electromagnetic directional valve and the bidirectional hydraulic lock.

After the oil enters the locking cavity 18, the right end face of the locking piston 29 is pressed, the locking piston 29 tends to move to the left, and as the system pressure rises, when the friction resistance of the locking piston 29, the right end elastic force of the conical flange and the on-way fluid resistance are overcome, and simultaneously, the hydraulic power pilot opens the one-way valve on the oil return side of the bidirectional hydraulic lock, at the moment, the locking piston 29 moves to the left, and the oil in the unlocking cavity 2 returns to the hydraulic system through the bidirectional hydraulic lock, the electromagnetic reversing valve and the oil return port pipe joint.

Sixthly, along with further rise of the system pressure, the locking piston 29 continues to move leftwards, the locking piston 29 moves leftwards, the locking force rises synchronously under the reaction of the conical structure, when the required locking force is achieved, the second induction ring of the locking piston 29 is close to the second eccentric proximity switch, the signaling switch is triggered to send a signal and inform an upper computer, the upper computer outputs an instruction to cut off an electric signal of the electromagnetic reversing valve after acquiring the signal, the electromagnetic reversing valve returns to the middle position again under the action of the spring force, and locking is completed.

Seventhly, after locking is finished, the energy accumulator enters a pressure maintaining working state to make up for internal leakage of the locking piston 29 and the bidirectional hydraulic lock, when the pressure sensor in the chamber 18 of the locking cavity detects that the pressure is reduced to the lowest working pressure, the hydraulic system is automatically started to provide pressure for the locking cavity 18, when the pressure sensor detects that the energy accumulator reaches the highest working pressure, the system stops running, and the energy accumulator maintains pressure continuously.

Based on the piston rod locking mechanism provided in the above embodiment, the invention further provides a working cylinder, which comprises any one of the piston rod locking mechanisms in the above embodiments, and comprises a piston rod and a cylinder body, wherein the base of the piston rod locking mechanism is fixedly connected to the cylinder body, and the piston rod penetrates through the clamping piece clamping opening of the piston rod locking mechanism. Because the working cylinder adopts the piston rod locking mechanism in the above embodiment, please refer to the above embodiment for the beneficial effects of the working cylinder.

The embodiments in the present description are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other.

The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims (10)

1. A piston rod locking mechanism, comprising:

the base is used for being connected with the cylinder body of the working cylinder;

the clamping piece is fixedly arranged on the base, is provided with a pressure inclined plane and is used for clamping a piston rod of the working cylinder when the pressure inclined plane is pressed;

the locking piston is slidably mounted at the base along the telescopic direction of the piston rod to form a piston cavity, and a locking cavity and an unlocking cavity both provided with external interfaces are respectively formed at two sides of the locking piston along the sliding direction; the locking piston is provided with a pushing part for abutting against the pressed inclined plane, so that when the locking piston slides to a first position, the pushing part pushes the pressed inclined plane to be pressed so as to clamp the piston rod; when the locking piston slides to the second position, the pushing portion releases the pressure inclined surface, so that the clamping piece releases the piston rod.

2. The plunger rod locking mechanism of claim 1 wherein said clip has a tapered sleeve portion for fitting over said plunger rod, an outer side surface of said tapered sleeve portion being said compression ramp; the locking piston is provided with a conical hole part which is sleeved outside the conical sleeve part, and the inner hole wall of the conical hole part is the pushing part.

3. The piston rod locking mechanism according to claim 2, wherein the base includes a cylinder and a first end cap and a second end cap respectively disposed at two ends of the cylinder, the piston cavity is formed inside the cylinder, sealing holes are formed in the first end cap and the second end cap to fit the piston rod, the outer periphery of the locking piston is in sealing fit with the cylinder, and the locking piston has a sealing hole at one end of the tapered hole.

4. The piston rod locking mechanism of claim 3 wherein the clip includes an assembly barrel portion disposed at one end of the tapered sleeve portion, the assembly barrel portion disposed through the first end cap to form a sealing bore within the assembly barrel portion configured to mate with the piston rod.

5. A piston rod locking mechanism according to claim 4 characterized in that at least one sealing hole is sealed by means of a sealing ring arranged in sequence to the guide sleeve.

6. The piston rod locking mechanism of claim 5 wherein said tapered sleeve portion is formed with a plurality of axially disposed slots uniformly circumferentially distributed therein, said tapered sleeve portion having a plurality of axially disposed annular grooves formed therein.

7. A piston rod locking mechanism according to any of claims 1-6, characterized in that the locking chamber and/or the unlocking chamber is connected to an accumulator.

8. The piston rod locking mechanism according to claim 7, wherein an eccentric proximity switch for detecting the position of the locking piston is arranged on the base, and an induction ring for detecting the eccentric proximity switch is arranged on the periphery of the locking piston; the locking device further comprises a limiting column fixed on the base, so that when the locking piston slides to the second position, the limiting column is abutted against the locking piston to prevent the locking piston from continuously moving.

9. The piston rod locking mechanism of claim 8 comprising an oil inlet port, an oil return port and a solenoid directional valve, wherein the solenoid directional valve is a three-position four-way directional valve; when the three-position four-way reversing valve is at a first working position, the oil inlet port is communicated to the locking cavity, and the oil return port is communicated to the unlocking cavity; when the three-position four-way reversing valve is at the second working position, the locking cavity and the unlocking cavity are closed; when the three-position four-way reversing valve is at a third working position, the oil inlet port is communicated to the unlocking cavity, and the oil return port is communicated to the locking cavity; the electromagnetic directional valve is communicated with the locking cavity and the unlocking cavity through a bidirectional hydraulic lock.

10. A working cylinder, comprising a piston rod and a cylinder body, characterized by further comprising a piston rod locking mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein a base of the piston rod locking mechanism is fixedly connected to the cylinder body, and a clamping piece clamping opening of the piston rod locking mechanism is provided with the piston rod in a penetrating manner.

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