CN115717578B - Method for detecting short-circuit fault of spark plug of engine - Google Patents
Method for detecting short-circuit fault of spark plug of engine Download PDFInfo
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- CN115717578B CN115717578B CN202211635142.6A CN202211635142A CN115717578B CN 115717578 B CN115717578 B CN 115717578B CN 202211635142 A CN202211635142 A CN 202211635142A CN 115717578 B CN115717578 B CN 115717578B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 57
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010892 electric spark Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/40—Engine management systems
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for detecting a spark plug short-circuit fault of an engine, and relates to the technical field of engine fault detection. The method for detecting the short-circuit fault of the spark plug of the engine comprises the following steps: and acquiring the discharge duration time T 1 of the ignition coil under the first working condition, wherein the first working condition is that the engine operates under the low load and the low rotation speed. And acquiring the discharge duration time T 2 of the ignition coil under a second working condition, wherein the second working condition is that the engine operates under high load and high rotation speed. The difference between the discharge duration T 1 under the first condition and the discharge duration T 2 under the second condition is calculated. Judging whether the difference value is smaller than a preset difference value or not; if yes, judging that the spark plug short-circuit fault exists in the engine. By the method for detecting the short-circuit fault of the spark plug of the engine, whether the engine fire is caused by the short-circuit fault of the spark plug or not can be judged, and therefore maintenance efficiency of the engine is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of engine fault detection, in particular to a method for detecting a spark plug short-circuit fault of an engine.
Background
An engine misfire refers to the fact that one or more cylinders of the engine do not or do not work sufficiently, which is commonly referred to as "engine cylinder deficiency". After the engine has a fire fault, serious shaking can occur, the engine has insufficient power, the automobile has weak acceleration and the oil consumption is increased. If multiple cylinders were to misfire, the engine may not start.
Failure of the ignition system is one important cause of engine misfire. In the prior art, faults are judged according to the charging time of the ignition coil, and only the faults of the ignition coil can be detected. And too small an electrode gap of the spark plug or short circuit caused by accumulated oil and water in the electrode gap can also cause engine failure and engine fire.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for detecting a spark plug short-circuit fault of an engine, so as to realize the detection of the spark plug short-circuit fault and improve the maintenance efficiency of the engine.
To achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the method for detecting the short-circuit fault of the spark plug of the engine comprises the following steps:
acquiring a discharge duration time T 1 of the ignition coil under a first working condition, wherein the first working condition is that the engine runs under a low load and a low rotation speed;
acquiring discharge duration time T 2 of the ignition coil under a second working condition, wherein the second working condition is that the engine runs under high load and high rotation speed;
Calculating a difference between the discharge duration time T 1 under the first working condition and the discharge duration time T 2 under the second working condition;
judging whether the difference value is smaller than a preset difference value or not; if yes, judging that the spark plug short-circuit fault exists in the engine.
As an alternative to the method for detecting a short-circuit fault of an ignition plug of an engine, before the step of calculating the difference between the discharge duration T 1 under the first condition and the discharge duration T 2 under the second condition, the method further includes: judging whether the discharge duration time T 1 under the first working condition and the discharge duration time T 2 under the second working condition are smaller than preset limit values or not; if not, calculating a difference between the discharge duration time T 1 under the first working condition and the discharge duration time T 2 under the second working condition.
As an alternative to the method for detecting a short-circuit fault of the spark plug of the engine, if the discharge duration T 1 under the first working condition and the discharge duration T 2 under the second working condition are both smaller than the preset limit value, it is determined that an open-circuit fault exists in the ignition system of the engine.
As an alternative to the method for detecting a short-circuit fault of the spark plug of the engine, the method further comprises, before the step of acquiring the discharge duration T 1 of the ignition coil under the first operating condition and the discharge duration T 2 under the second operating condition, the steps of: an operation condition of the engine with low load and low rotation speed and an operation condition of the engine with high load and high rotation speed are set.
As an alternative to the method for detecting a short-circuit fault of the spark plug of the engine, the method for obtaining the discharge duration T 1 of the ignition coil under the first working condition includes the following steps:
when the engine meets the low-load low-rotation-speed operation condition, the ignition system performs self-learning of the discharge duration, and when the learning times reach the set learning times, the discharge duration T 1 under the first working condition is calculated.
As an alternative to the method for detecting a short-circuit fault of the spark plug of the engine, the method for calculating the discharge duration T 1 under the first working condition is as follows: t 1＝k×T1old+(1-k)×T1now, wherein k is a weighting coefficient, T 1old is the last learned discharge duration under the first working condition, and T 1now is the last learned discharge duration under the first working condition.
As an alternative to the method for detecting a short-circuit fault of the spark plug of the engine, the method for obtaining the discharge duration T 2 of the ignition coil under the second working condition includes the following steps:
When the engine meets the high-load high-rotation-speed running condition, the ignition system performs self-learning of the discharge duration time, and when the learning times reach the set learning times, the discharge duration time T 2 under the second working condition is calculated.
As an alternative to the method for detecting a short-circuit fault of the spark plug of the engine, the method for calculating the discharge duration T 2 under the second working condition is as follows: t 2＝k×T2old+(1-k)×T2now, wherein k is a weighting coefficient, T 2old is the last learned discharge duration under the second working condition, and T 1now is the last learned discharge duration under the second working condition.
As an alternative to the method for detecting a short-circuit fault of the spark plug of the engine, if the difference is greater than or equal to a preset difference, the detection is completed, and it is determined that the engine has no fault.
As an alternative to the method for detecting a short-circuit fault of an ignition plug of an engine, after the step of determining that the ignition plug has a short-circuit fault, if the engine reports a misfire fault, it is determined that the misfire fault of the engine is caused by the short-circuit fault of the ignition plug.
As an alternative to the method for detecting a short-circuit fault of the ignition plug of the engine, the discharge duration of the ignition coil is the voltage duration or the current duration of the primary coil; or alternatively, the first and second heat exchangers may be,
The discharge duration of the ignition coil is the voltage duration or the current duration of the secondary coil.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
According to the method for detecting the short-circuit fault of the spark plug of the engine, when the engine runs at a low load and a low rotation speed, the discharge duration time T 1 of the ignition coil under the first working condition is obtained. When the engine runs at high load and high rotation speed, the discharge duration time T 2 of the ignition coil under the second working condition is obtained. Since the engine is normally operated, the discharge duration of the ignition coil is changed with the load and the rotation speed, and the discharge duration of the ignition coil is not changed when the ignition plug is short-circuited. Based on the characteristic of the discharge duration when the spark plug is in short-circuit fault, whether the spark plug is in short-circuit fault or not is judged by calculating the change value of the discharge duration under different loads and different rotating speeds, namely the difference value of the discharge duration T 1 under the first working condition and the discharge duration T 2 under the second working condition. By the method for detecting the short-circuit fault of the spark plug of the engine, whether the engine fire is caused by the short-circuit fault of the spark plug or not can be judged, and therefore maintenance efficiency of the engine is improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a method for detecting a short-circuit fault of an ignition plug of an engine according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to like or similar elements or elements having like or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are illustrative and intended to explain the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the directions or positional relationships indicated by the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. Wherein the terms "first position" and "second position" are two different positions.
Unless specifically stated or limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "fixed" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, either fixed or removable; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communicated with the inside of two elements or the interaction relationship of the two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.
Unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature may include the first feature and the second feature being in direct contact, or may include the first feature and the second feature not being in direct contact but being in contact with each other by way of additional features therebetween. Moreover, a first feature being "above," "over" and "on" a second feature includes the first feature being directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicating that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. The first feature being "under", "below" and "beneath" the second feature includes the first feature being directly under and obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is less level than the second feature.
The technical scheme of the invention is further described below by the specific embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The ignition system is generally composed of a storage battery, a generator, a distributor, an ignition coil, a spark plug and the like, and can generate electric sparks between two electrodes of the spark plug. The duration of the discharge of the ignition coil is related to the operating conditions of the engine and the state of the ignition system. The control unit of the engine obtains the discharge duration of the ignition coil by monitoring the voltage of the discharge process of the ignition system. The control unit of the motor detects the original signal of the discharging process as the voltage signal of the primary coil. In this embodiment, the initial voltage of the discharging process is set to be the system voltage +21v, the end voltage is set to be the system voltage +5.5v, and 21V and 5.5V are the calibration values of the engine under the set working condition and the ignition system under the set state. The system voltage is 24V of the battery.
Since the engine is normally operated, the discharge duration of the ignition coil is changed with the load and the rotation speed, and the discharge duration of the ignition coil is not changed when the ignition plug is short-circuited. Based on such characteristics of the discharge duration at the time of the short-circuit fault of the ignition plug, the present embodiment provides a method of detecting the short-circuit fault of the ignition plug of the engine.
As shown in fig. 1, the method for detecting a short-circuit fault of an ignition plug of an engine provided in this embodiment includes the following steps:
s10, setting an operation condition of low load and low rotation speed of the engine and an operation condition of high load and high rotation speed of the engine.
The method for detecting the short-circuit fault of the spark plug of the engine is automatically detected in the running process of the engine. By setting the low-load low-rotation-speed operation condition of the engine and the high-load high-rotation-speed operation condition of the engine, the engine is automatically detected when the engine operation satisfies the low-load low-rotation-speed operation condition and the high-load high-rotation-speed operation condition of the engine.
The low-load low-rotation-speed operation condition of the engine comprises a first set load and a first set rotation speed, and when the engine is operated and simultaneously meets the first set load and the first set rotation speed, the low-load low-rotation-speed operation condition of the engine is met. The first set load is a load range value and the first set rotational speed is a rotational speed range value.
The high-load high-rotation-speed operation condition of the engine comprises a second set load and a second set rotation speed, and when the engine runs while meeting the second set load and the second set rotation speed, the high-load high-rotation-speed operation condition of the engine is met. The second set load is a load range value and the second set rotational speed is a rotational speed range value.
The first set load is smaller than the second set load, and the first set rotational speed is smaller than the second set rotational speed.
S21, acquiring discharge duration time T 1 of the ignition coil under a first working condition, wherein the first working condition is that the engine operates under a low load and a low rotation speed.
Specifically, the method for obtaining the discharge duration T 1 of the ignition coil under the first working condition includes the following steps:
Optionally, the discharge duration of the ignition coil is the voltage duration or the current duration of the primary coil; or, the discharge duration of the ignition coil is the voltage duration or the current duration of the secondary coil.
The voltage duration or the current duration of the primary coil may be monitored, or the voltage duration or the current duration of the secondary coil may be monitored, when the discharge duration of the ignition coil is acquired.
When the engine runs at low load and low rotation speed, the ignition system performs self-learning of discharge duration, and when the learning times reach the set learning times, the discharge duration T 1 under the first working condition is calculated. The number of learning settings may be set to three or more times. The discharge duration T 1 under the first condition obtained through the multiple learning is more accurate.
The ignition system is continuously charged and discharged according to the continuous discharge duration monitoring process, in the process, the discharge duration is monitored for multiple times, namely the self-learning is finished after the monitored discharge duration reaches the set learning times.
The method for calculating the discharge duration time T 1 under the first working condition comprises the following steps: t 1＝k×T1old+(1-k)×T1now, wherein k is a weighting coefficient, T 1old is the last learned discharge duration under the first working condition, and T 1now is the last learned discharge duration under the first working condition.
In this embodiment, k is a calibration value. The discharge duration T 1 under the first working condition obtained by adopting the weighted average algorithm can save the counting memory of the control unit of the engine, and the obtained discharge duration is more accurate, so that the short-circuit fault of the spark plug can be more accurately judged.
S22, acquiring discharge duration time T 2 of the ignition coil under a second working condition, wherein the second working condition is that the engine operates under a high load and a high rotating speed.
Specifically, the method for obtaining the discharge duration T 2 of the ignition coil under the second working condition includes the following steps:
When the engine runs at high load and high rotation speed, the ignition system performs self-learning of discharge duration time, and when the learning times reach the set learning times, the discharge duration time T 2 under the second working condition is calculated.
The method for calculating the discharge duration time T 2 under the second working condition comprises the following steps: t 2＝k×T2old+(1-k)×T2now, wherein k is a weighting coefficient, T 2old is the last learned discharge duration under the second working condition, and T 1now is the last learned discharge duration under the second working condition.
When the discharge duration T 1 under the first condition and the discharge duration T 2 under the second condition are calculated, the initial value is the first learned discharge duration, and the calculation is started when the second learned discharge duration is monitored.
And judging whether the spark plug has a short circuit fault or not by acquiring the discharge duration of the spark plug under different loads and different rotating speeds.
S30, judging whether the discharge duration time T 1 under the first working condition and the discharge duration time T 2 under the second working condition are smaller than preset limit values or not; if yes, judging that an open circuit fault exists in an ignition system of the engine. If not, S40 is performed.
Since the discharge duration of the spark plug varies little and the absolute value is also small when the ignition coil of the ignition system is open. If the discharge duration T 1 under the first operating condition and the discharge duration T 2 under the second operating condition are both less than the preset limit, an ignition coil open circuit fault is indicated.
The preset limit value is the lowest value of the discharge duration of the spark plug when the ignition coil is free from open circuit failure, and is a calibrated value.
Since the characteristics of the discharge duration at the time of the ignition plug short-circuit failure are significantly different from those at the time of the ignition coil open-circuit failure, the ignition coil failure is eliminated before judging whether the engine has the ignition plug short-circuit failure.
And S40, calculating a difference value between the discharge duration time T 1 under the first working condition and the discharge duration time T 2 under the second working condition.
If the engine is normal, the discharge duration of the ignition coil will vary with the speed and load. And when the spark plug is short-circuited, the discharge duration of the ignition coil is not changed. And judging whether the spark plug short-circuit fault exists or not by calculating the variation value of the discharge duration time of the ignition coil under different working conditions.
S50, judging whether the difference value is smaller than a preset difference value or not; if yes, judging that the spark plug short-circuit fault exists in the engine; if not, the detection is completed, and the engine is judged to have no fault.
The preset difference is a calibration value of the difference between the discharge duration T 1 of the engine under the first working condition and the discharge duration T 2 of the engine under the second working condition under the normal condition of the engine.
And when the difference value is greater than or equal to the preset difference value, indicating that the engine has no fault. Returning to S21 to continue the detection, the detection of the next cycle is continued. And when the difference value is smaller than the preset difference value, judging that the spark plug short-circuit fault exists in the engine.
The engine comprises a plurality of cylinders, and each cylinder is used for detecting whether the spark plug short-circuit fault exists in the cylinder by the method for detecting the spark plug short-circuit fault of the engine, so that the method for detecting the spark plug short-circuit fault of the engine can directly judge which cylinder has the spark plug short-circuit fault.
After the step of determining that the engine has a spark plug short-circuit fault, if the engine reports a misfire fault, it is determined that the misfire fault of the engine is caused by the spark plug short-circuit fault. The fire fault of the engine is judged to be the existing function of the engine in the prior art, and can be displayed through an instrument panel. In the running process of the engine, if the engine fire fault is detected while the spark plug pipeline fault is detected, the fire fault of the engine can be judged to be caused by the spark plug short-circuit fault, and a maintenance person can eliminate the fault by replacing the spark plug, so that the maintenance efficiency is improved.
The foregoing is merely exemplary of the present invention, and those skilled in the art should not be considered as limiting the invention, since modifications may be made in the specific embodiments and application scope of the invention in light of the teachings of the present invention.
Claims (11)
1. The method for detecting the short-circuit fault of the spark plug of the engine is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
acquiring a discharge duration time T 1 of the ignition coil under a first working condition, wherein the first working condition is that the engine runs under a low load and a low rotation speed;
acquiring discharge duration time T 2 of the ignition coil under a second working condition, wherein the second working condition is that the engine runs under high load and high rotation speed;
Calculating a difference between the discharge duration time T 1 under the first working condition and the discharge duration time T 2 under the second working condition;
judging whether the difference value is smaller than a preset difference value or not; if yes, judging that the spark plug short-circuit fault exists in the engine.
2. The method of detecting a short-circuit fault of a spark plug of an engine according to claim 1, further comprising, prior to the step of calculating a difference between the discharge duration T 1 under the first condition and the discharge duration T 2 under the second condition: judging whether the discharge duration time T 1 under the first working condition and the discharge duration time T 2 under the second working condition are smaller than preset limit values or not; if not, calculating a difference between the discharge duration time T 1 under the first working condition and the discharge duration time T 2 under the second working condition.
3. The method according to claim 2, wherein if the discharge duration T 1 under the first condition and the discharge duration T 2 under the second condition are both smaller than the preset limit value, it is determined that an open circuit fault exists in the ignition system of the engine.
4. The method for detecting a short-circuit fault of a spark plug of an engine according to claim 1, further comprising, before the step of acquiring the discharge duration T 1 of the ignition coil in the first operating condition and the discharge duration T 2 in the second operating condition, the steps of: an operation condition of the engine with low load and low rotation speed and an operation condition of the engine with high load and high rotation speed are set.
5. The method for detecting a short-circuit fault of a spark plug of an engine according to claim 1, wherein said method for obtaining a discharge duration T 1 of the ignition coil in the first operating condition comprises the steps of:
when the engine meets the low-load low-rotation-speed operation condition, the ignition system performs self-learning of the discharge duration, and when the learning times reach the set learning times, the discharge duration T 1 under the first working condition is calculated.
6. The method for detecting a short-circuit fault of an ignition plug of an engine according to claim 5, wherein the method for calculating the discharge duration T 1 under the first operating condition is as follows: t 1＝k×T1old+(1-k)×T1now, wherein k is a weighting coefficient, T 1old is the last learned discharge duration under the first working condition, and T 1now is the last learned discharge duration under the first working condition.
7. The method for detecting a short-circuit fault of an ignition plug of an engine according to claim 5, wherein the method for acquiring the discharge duration T 2 of the ignition coil under the second operating condition comprises the steps of:
When the engine meets the high-load high-rotation-speed running condition, the ignition system performs self-learning of the discharge duration time, and when the learning times reach the set learning times, the discharge duration time T 2 under the second working condition is calculated.
8. The method for detecting a short-circuit fault of an ignition plug of an engine according to claim 7, wherein the method for calculating the discharge duration T 2 under the second condition is as follows: t 2＝k×T2old+(1-k)×T2now, wherein k is a weighting coefficient, T 2old is the last learned discharge duration under the second working condition, and T 1now is the last learned discharge duration under the second working condition.
9. The method for detecting a short-circuit fault of an ignition plug of an engine according to claim 1, wherein if the difference is equal to or greater than a preset difference, the detection is completed, and it is determined that there is no fault in the engine.
10. The method for detecting a short-circuit fault of an ignition plug of an engine according to claim 1, wherein after the step of determining that the ignition plug has a short-circuit fault, if the engine reports a misfire fault, it is determined that the misfire fault of the engine is caused by the short-circuit fault of the ignition plug.
11. The method for detecting a short-circuit fault of a spark plug of an engine according to claim 1, wherein a discharge duration of the ignition coil is a voltage duration or a current duration of a primary coil; or alternatively, the first and second heat exchangers may be,
The discharge duration of the ignition coil is the voltage duration or the current duration of the secondary coil.
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| CN202211635142.6A CN115717578B (en) | 2022-12-19 | 2022-12-19 | Method for detecting short-circuit fault of spark plug of engine |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202211635142.6A CN115717578B (en) | 2022-12-19 | 2022-12-19 | Method for detecting short-circuit fault of spark plug of engine |
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| CN115717578B true CN115717578B (en) | 2024-08-16 |
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Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP1081375A2 (en) * | 1999-09-02 | 2001-03-07 | Ngk Spark Plug Co., Ltd. | Method of detecting spark plug fouling and ignition system having means for carrying out the same |
| CN115200880A (en) * | 2022-07-07 | 2022-10-18 | 一汽解放汽车有限公司 | Engine spark plug fault diagnosis method and device and vehicle |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2000045846A (en) * | 1998-07-30 | 2000-02-15 | Toyota Motor Corp | Fuel injection quantity control device for internal combustion engine |
| US7055372B2 (en) * | 2002-11-01 | 2006-06-06 | Visteon Global Technologies, Inc. | Method of detecting cylinder ID using in-cylinder ionization for spark detection following partial coil charging |
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2022
- 2022-12-19 CN CN202211635142.6A patent/CN115717578B/en active Active
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP1081375A2 (en) * | 1999-09-02 | 2001-03-07 | Ngk Spark Plug Co., Ltd. | Method of detecting spark plug fouling and ignition system having means for carrying out the same |
| CN115200880A (en) * | 2022-07-07 | 2022-10-18 | 一汽解放汽车有限公司 | Engine spark plug fault diagnosis method and device and vehicle |
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| CN115717578A (en) | 2023-02-28 |
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