CN115717392A - Manufacturing and construction method of prefabricated cushion layer of quicksand and mucky soil - Google Patents
Manufacturing and construction method of prefabricated cushion layer of quicksand and mucky soil Download PDFInfo
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- CN115717392A CN115717392A CN202211450028.6A CN202211450028A CN115717392A CN 115717392 A CN115717392 A CN 115717392A CN 202211450028 A CN202211450028 A CN 202211450028A CN 115717392 A CN115717392 A CN 115717392A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for manufacturing and constructing a prefabricated cushion layer of quicksand and mucky soil, belonging to the technical field of building foundation cushion layers, wherein the technology combines a prefabricated method with an assembly type structure construction technology, and the prefabricated cushion layer is formed by pouring once; the safety is good. The process adopts a prefabricating method, and the concrete guide wall is prefabricated at the positions of the masonry brick forming moulds at the two sides of the cushion layer, so that casualties caused by foundation pit collapse are avoided; the operability is good. The precast concrete cushion layer is retained with the embedded hanging rings, so that the hoisting is convenient, the use is flexible in a construction site, and the operability is good; the strength is high. The process and the construction process have the advantages that the reinforcing steel bars are arranged in the prefabricated cushion layer, the strength of the concrete is improved, the secondary surface folding process is adopted on the surface of the concrete, the overall strength is higher than that of the traditional cast-in-place cushion layer, the anti-cracking performance is good, and the construction of the next working procedure (brick moulding bed building and waterproof coiled material paving) is facilitated.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of building foundation cushions, in particular to a method for manufacturing and constructing a quicksand and mucky soil prefabricated cushion.
Background
At present, the foundation pad of civil buildings and common buildings usually adopts a cast-in-place pad, and the process has certain limitation on different soil qualities in the construction process. Due to different soil qualities and excavation depths of various regions, particularly under the conditions of development and construction of a Jiangzhe area, the south of Anhui, the periphery of a water area, a waste river channel after backfilling, a base often has a large amount of flowing sand soil layers or mucky soil, pile foundations and box foundations are mostly adopted in a large development district generally under the condition of the soil quality, a foundation pit is usually adopted in an excavation mode to be intensively excavated to the elevation of a basement bottom plate, and then pile foundation bearing platforms, elevator shafts and water collecting wells are excavated. Because of the high water content, in the soil body, when the foundation pit slope excavation with the excavation height exceeding 1m adopts the construction of the traditional cast-in-place cushion layer, the soil body is easy to flow and the side slope is difficult to form, a large amount of manual work is needed to clean the flowing soil body before the brick moulding bed is built, and the side slope collapse safety risk is easy to generate. If the construction method of adopting the support piles or the steel sheet piles on the pile foundation bearing platform, the elevator shaft and the side slope of the water collecting well is adopted, the construction cost is too high. Under the situation of energy shortage at present, the safety of the construction process and the economy of the whole construction are particularly outstanding, and production and operation cannot be mentioned if the safety and the economy cannot be guaranteed. Under the background environment of carbon neutralization at present, how to improve the safety and the overall economy of foundation pit construction in special soil quality becomes an important technical problem which needs to be solved urgently about the safety of people.
In order to solve the technical problems, scientific and technological innovation is developed, the value engineering principle is utilized, and a leading new domestic achievement of 'the preparation of the prefabricated bed course of the quicksand and mucky soil and the construction method thereof' is obtained by combining the broad interests and the brainstorming method. The construction method has obvious safety guarantee effect and advanced technology in the aspect of treating the special soil foundation pit, so that the construction method has obvious social benefit and economic benefit. The construction method has been successfully applied in a plurality of construction projects, is well praised by experts, and can also provide certain reference experience for construction of companies and the same workers in similar projects in the future.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method for manufacturing a prefabricated bed course of quicksand and mucky soil and a construction method thereof to solve the problems.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a method for manufacturing and constructing a prefabricated bed course of quicksand and mucky soil comprises the following steps:
s1, installing a bottom template: the manufacturing of the prefabricated cushion layer should select a flat and solid place; if the prefabricated cushion layer is manufactured on the concrete floor, the bottom template is laid on the ground by adopting a wood template, and in order to prevent slurry leakage during concrete pouring, a plastic adhesive tape is adopted to adhere the splicing seams of the templates. The bottom template is positioned and installed according to the drawing size and the elastic line;
s2, binding steel bars: the bottom plate is arranged in a C10@200 steel bar two-way mode along the long edge direction, wherein the steel bar parallel to the short edge is arranged at the lower part, and the steel bar parallel to the long edge is arranged at the upper part; the plate bars and the side wall outer side steel bars are blanked by the whole steel bars, an inward anchoring elbow is arranged at the top of the side wall, if the whole steel bars are short, the steel bars can be disconnected at a 1/3 clear span of the bottom plate, two adjacent binding joints are staggered, the side wall inner side steel bars are made of C8@200 steel bars, the top of the side wall inner side steel bars is provided with an outward anchoring elbow, and the side wall horizontal steel bars are tied by the C6@200 steel bars;
s3, installing a side template: the face plate of the side template is made of 15mm thick plywood, the side template is internally provided with a template and an outer template, the height of the outer template is set to be 600mm, the height of the inner template is 500mm, the thickness of the bottom plate is kept to be 100mm, the upper opening of the side template is at the same elevation, the top of the side template is provided with square timber for counter-pulling or a triangular plate for fixing is arranged at the internal corner, so that the template is prevented from deforming when concrete is poured; the back secondary ridges of the side template panels are 40mm x 80mm wood beams, the panels are punched with through holes, the main ridges are reinforced by counter-pulling water-stopping screws, and the spacing between the counter-pulling screws is controlled within 500 mm;
s5, installing a lifting hook: the lifting hooks are arranged in the side walls or on the bottom plate after the template is installed, can be made of round steel and are arranged into inverted U-shaped lifting hooks, and the lifting hooks are uniformly and symmetrically arranged along the periphery;
s6, pouring concrete: before pouring the concrete, cleaning sundries in the template, and before pouring, sprinkling water to the template for moistening;
s7, concrete curing: after pouring is finished, covering the exposed concrete by using a plastic film, and designating a specially-assigned person to take charge of concrete curing work, wherein the concrete curing time is not less than 7 days, and the concrete is kept in a wet state;
s8, hoisting preparation: before the hoisting engineering begins, foundation trench excavation, pile head cutting and foundation trench acceptance inspection work are finished; the hoisting operation should be supervised by a specially-assigned person;
s9, positioning: before the construction of a hoisting project, positioning in a foundation trench after the excavation is finished in advance, and fixing the corner points or the center line of the prefabricated cushion layer in the foundation trench by adopting a polar coordinate method or a rectangular coordinate method;
s10, hoisting: when the prefabricated cushion layer is hoisted, the strength of concrete is not lower than 20Mpa; the hoisting operation is carried out in a trial way before hoisting, the hoisting operation is carried out for about 500mm away from the ground, the conditions of the steel wire rope and the reserved hoisting ring and the apparent condition of the component are checked, and the safety is confirmed, and the component can be hoisted without damage or cracks;
s11, positioning: the prefabricated cushion layer is lifted and transported to the upper space of a mounting point to be mounted, slowly falls down when the prefabricated cushion layer descends to the height of 0.8-1m, slowly falls down after being straightened and guided, and when the prefabricated cushion layer is 200mm away from the ground, the corner point of the prefabricated cushion layer and the positioning point are corresponding and fall down;
s12, completing: and after the prefabricated cushion layer is hoisted in place, the construction of the brick moulding bed building process can be carried out.
Preferably, in S1, if the prefabricated cushion layer is made on the soil layer, the bottom formwork is not required to be arranged, and the bottom of the prefabricated cushion layer can be isolated by geotextile, but the bottom formwork is wetted by sprinkling water in a proper amount before concrete pouring.
Preferably, the concrete in the S6 is cast by C20 concrete, and the concrete is cast by low-slump non-pumping concrete; the concrete pouring is to continuously pour the bottom plate and the side walls, and the concrete pouring is to be compacted by vibration.
Preferably, the construction in S7 in winter can adopt a heat storage maintenance mode.
Preferably, when the foundation in the step S9 is excavated, the flatness of the foundation trench should be controlled within 30mm to prevent the prefabricated cushion layer from inclining when being hoisted in place.
Preferably, after the prefabricated cushion layer in S11 falls down, if the positioning deviation is large, the prefabricated cushion layer is hoisted to the position of about 0.1m height.
Compared with the prior art, the invention provides a method for manufacturing and constructing a quicksand and mucky soil prefabricated cushion layer, which has the following beneficial effects:
1. the beneficial effects of the invention are: the application has good integrity. The process combines a prefabrication method with an assembly type structure construction process, and a prefabricated cushion layer is cast and molded at one time; the safety is good. The process adopts a prefabricating method, and the concrete guide wall is prefabricated at the positions of the masonry brick forming moulds at the two sides of the cushion layer, so that casualties caused by foundation pit collapse are avoided; the operability is good. The precast concrete cushion layer is retained with the embedded hanging rings, so that the hoisting is convenient, the use is flexible in a construction site, and the operability is good; the strength is high. The process and the construction process have the advantages that the reinforcing steel bars are arranged in the prefabricated cushion layer, the concrete strength is improved, the secondary surface folding process is adopted on the concrete surface, the overall strength is higher than that of the traditional cast-in-place cushion layer, the anti-cracking performance is good, and the construction of the next working procedure (brick moulding bed building and waterproof coiled material paving) is facilitated; the applicability is strong. Compared with the traditional cast-in-place cushion layer, the process is suitable for various soil qualities, in particular for sandy soil and mucky soil with high water content; and the construction period is saved. By adopting the process for construction, the prefabricated cushion layer can be manufactured in advance through insertion construction, the foundation pit can be hoisted immediately after excavation is finished, and the construction of a brick moulding bed can be followed after the hoisting is finished. There is no need to wait for the concrete setting and hardening time. And the surface of the prefabricated cushion layer is collected for the second time, and cement mortar leveling construction is not needed to be carried out on the cushion layer during subsequent coiled material construction, so that the construction cost is reduced. Compared with the traditional construction method, the construction method saves the construction period by more than 20 percent; and the cost is saved. The prefabricated cushion layer is manufactured on a construction site by using the wood template, the size of the cushion layer is accurate, the multiple processes of placing a wire and erecting a formwork in a foundation pit and pouring concrete in the traditional process can be avoided, the construction is convenient, and simultaneously, the concrete waste caused by the inaccurate position of the cushion layer template can be avoided; the whole set of steel bottom die system is fixedly connected through bolts and bolts, fire operation is not needed, and safety of installation operation of the unloading plate is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a prefabricated cushion layer manufacturing process according to an embodiment of a method for manufacturing and constructing a prefabricated cushion layer of quicksand and mucky soil according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a prefabricated cushion layer installation process of an embodiment of a method for manufacturing and constructing a prefabricated cushion layer of quicksand and mucky soil according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a top view showing a typical structure of a prefabricated mat layer according to an embodiment of a method for manufacturing and constructing a prefabricated mat layer of quicksand and mucky soil according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a sectional view B in FIG. 3 showing one embodiment of a method for fabricating a prefabricated bed of quicksand and mucky soil according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a sectional view A of FIG. 3 showing a method for constructing a prefabricated bed course of quicksand and mucky soil according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a hanging ring according to an embodiment of a method for manufacturing and constructing a prefabricated bed course of quicksand and mucky soil according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Example 1:
a method for manufacturing and constructing a prefabricated bed course of quicksand and mucky soil comprises the following steps:
s1, installing a bottom template: the manufacturing of the prefabricated cushion layer should select a flat and solid place; if the prefabricated cushion layer is manufactured on the concrete floor, the bottom template is laid on the ground by adopting a wood template, and in order to prevent slurry leakage during concrete pouring, a plastic adhesive tape is adopted to adhere the splicing seams of the templates. The bottom template is positioned and installed according to the drawing size and the elastic line;
s2, binding steel bars: the bottom plate is arranged in a two-way mode along the long edge direction by adopting a C10@200 steel bar, wherein the steel bar parallel to the short edge is arranged below, and the steel bar parallel to the long edge is arranged above; the plate bars and the side wall outer side steel bars are blanked by the whole steel bars, an inward anchoring elbow is arranged at the top of the side wall, if the whole steel bars are short, the steel bars can be disconnected at a 1/3 clear span of the bottom plate, two adjacent binding joints are staggered, the side wall inner side steel bars are made of C8@200 steel bars, the top of the side wall inner side steel bars is provided with an outward anchoring elbow, and the side wall horizontal steel bars are tied by the C6@200 steel bars;
s3, installing a side template: the face plate of the side template is made of 15mm thick plywood, the side template is internally provided with a template and an outer template, the height of the outer template is set to be 600mm, the height of the inner template is 500mm, the thickness of the bottom plate is kept to be 100mm, the upper opening of the side template is at the same elevation, the top of the side template is provided with square timber for counter-pulling or a triangular plate for fixing is arranged at the internal corner, so that the template is prevented from deforming when concrete is poured; the back secondary ridges of the side template panels are 40mm x 80mm wood beams, the panels are punched with through holes, the main ridges are reinforced by counter-pulling water-stopping screws, and the spacing between the counter-pulling screws is controlled within 500 mm;
s5, installing a lifting hook: the lifting hooks are arranged in the side walls or on the bottom plate after the template is installed, can be made of round steel and are arranged into inverted U-shaped lifting hooks, and the lifting hooks are uniformly and symmetrically arranged along the periphery;
s6, pouring concrete: before pouring the concrete, cleaning sundries in the template, and before pouring, sprinkling water to the template for moistening;
s7, concrete curing: after pouring is finished, covering the exposed concrete by using a plastic film, and designating a specially-assigned person to take charge of concrete curing work, wherein the concrete curing time is not less than 7 days, and the concrete is kept in a wet state;
s8, hoisting preparation: before the hoisting engineering begins, foundation trench excavation, pile head cutting and foundation trench acceptance inspection work are finished; the hoisting operation should be supervised by a specially-assigned person;
s9, positioning: before the construction of a hoisting project, positioning in a foundation trench after the excavation is finished in advance, and fixing the corner points or the center line of the prefabricated cushion layer in the foundation trench by adopting a polar coordinate method or a rectangular coordinate method;
s10, hoisting: when the prefabricated cushion layer is hoisted, the strength of concrete is not lower than 20Mpa; the hoisting operation is carried out in a trial way before hoisting, the hoisting operation is carried out for about 500mm away from the ground, the conditions of the steel wire rope and the reserved hoisting ring and the apparent condition of the component are checked, and the safety is confirmed, and the component can be hoisted without damage or cracks;
s11, positioning: the prefabricated cushion layer is lifted and transported to the upper space of a mounting point to be mounted, slowly falls down when the prefabricated cushion layer descends to the height of 0.8-1m, slowly falls down after being straightened and guided, and when the prefabricated cushion layer is 200mm away from the ground, the corner point of the prefabricated cushion layer and the positioning point are corresponding and fall down;
s12, completing: and after the prefabricated cushion layer is hoisted in place, the construction of the brick moulding bed building process can be carried out.
Further, in S1, if the prefabricated cushion is made on the soil layer, the bottom formwork is not required to be provided, and the bottom of the prefabricated cushion can be isolated by geotextile, but the bottom formwork should be wetted by spraying water in a proper amount before pouring concrete.
Further, preferably, in the step S6, the concrete is poured by using C20 concrete, and the concrete is poured by using low-slump non-pumping concrete; the concrete pouring is carried out by continuously pouring the bottom plate and the side walls, and the concrete pouring is carried out by vibrating and compacting.
Further, preferably, the construction in the winter of S7 can adopt a heat storage maintenance mode.
Further, preferably, when the foundation in the step S9 is excavated, the flatness of the foundation trench should be controlled within 30mm, so as to prevent the prefabricated cushion layer from inclining when being hoisted in place.
Further, preferably, after the prefabricated cushion layer falls down in S11, if the positioning deviation is large, the prefabricated cushion layer is hoisted to the position of about 0.1m height for adjustment.
Example 2:
typical prefabricated cushion structural design
The concrete strength is selected from the following components: the preparation of the prefabricated bed course of the quicksand soil water collecting well and the elevator shaft foundation pit comprises a bottom plate and side walls, wherein the thickness of the bottom plate is 100mm, the thickness of the side walls is 200mm, and the 600 high bottom plate and the side walls are both cast by C20 concrete.
And (3) reinforcing steel bars: the bottom plate adopts the two-way arrangement of C10@200 reinforcing bar along long limit direction, wherein with the parallel reinforcing bar of minor face under, go up with the parallel reinforcing bar of long limit. Wherein the slab muscle is whole root reinforcing bar unloading with side wall outside reinforcing bar, there is inside anchor elbow at the side wall top, if whole root length is not enough, can be in the disconnection of bottom plate 1/3 clear span department, adopt ligature overlap joint mode to connect its overlap joint length and need satisfy 16G101 atlas requirement, two adjacent ligature joints should stagger each other, the inboard reinforcing bar of its side wall adopts the preparation of C8@200 reinforcing bar, the top has outside anchor elbow, the horizontal muscle of side wall adopts the binding of C6@200 reinforcing bar, make the vertical reinforcing bar of side link into the skeleton.
The prefabricated cushion layer hanging ring is selected: after the steel bars are bound, phi 16 hanging rings are embedded in four corners of the side walls to manufacture a reversed V-shaped hanging ring, the leakage length of the hanging rings is 100mm, and the total length of the hanging rings anchored in concrete is not less than 500mm.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A method for manufacturing and constructing a prefabricated bed course of quicksand and mucky soil is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, installing a bottom template: the manufacturing of the prefabricated cushion layer should select a flat and solid place; if the prefabricated cushion layer is manufactured on the concrete floor, the bottom template is laid on the ground by adopting a wood template, and in order to prevent slurry leakage during concrete pouring, a plastic adhesive tape is adopted to adhere the splicing seams of the templates. The bottom template is positioned and installed according to the drawing size and the elastic line;
s2, binding steel bars: the bottom plate is arranged in a C10@200 steel bar two-way mode along the long edge direction, wherein the steel bar parallel to the short edge is arranged at the lower part, and the steel bar parallel to the long edge is arranged at the upper part; the plate bars and the side wall outer side steel bars are blanked by whole steel bars, an inward anchoring elbow is arranged at the top of the side wall, if the whole steel bars are short, the side wall can be disconnected at a 1/3 clear span of the bottom plate, two adjacent binding joints are staggered, the side wall inner side steel bars are made of C8@200 steel bars, the top is provided with an outward anchoring elbow, and the side wall horizontal bars are bound by C6@200 steel bars;
s3, installing a side template: the face plate of the side template is made of 15mm thick plywood, the side template is internally provided with a template and an outer template, the height of the outer template is set to be 600mm, the height of the inner template is 500mm, the thickness of the bottom plate is kept to be 100mm, the upper opening of the side template is at the same elevation, the top of the side template is provided with square timber for counter-pulling or a triangular plate for fixing is arranged at the internal corner, so that the template is prevented from deforming when concrete is poured; the back secondary ridges of the side template panels are 40mm square 80mm wood, the panels are punched with through holes, the main ridges are reinforced by counter-pulling water-stopping screws, and the spacing between the counter-pulling screws is controlled within 500 mm;
s5, installing a lifting hook: the lifting hooks are arranged in the side walls or on the bottom plate after the template is installed, can be made of round steel and are arranged into inverted V-shaped lifting hooks, and the lifting hooks are uniformly dispersed and symmetrically arranged along the periphery;
s6, pouring concrete: before pouring the concrete, cleaning sundries in the template, and before pouring, sprinkling water to the template for moistening;
s7, concrete curing: after pouring is finished, covering the exposed concrete by using a plastic film, and designating a specially-assigned person to take charge of concrete curing work, wherein the concrete curing time is not less than 7 days, and the concrete is kept in a wet state;
s8, hoisting preparation: before the hoisting engineering begins, foundation trench excavation, pile head cutting and foundation trench acceptance inspection work are finished; the hoisting operation should be supervised by a specially-assigned person;
s9, positioning: before the construction of a hoisting project, positioning in a foundation trench after the excavation is finished in advance, and fixing the corner points or the center line of the prefabricated cushion layer in the foundation trench by adopting a polar coordinate method or a rectangular coordinate method;
s10, hoisting: when the prefabricated cushion layer is hoisted, the strength of concrete is not lower than 20Mpa; the hoisting operation is carried out in a trial way before hoisting, the hoisting operation is carried out for about 500mm away from the ground, the conditions of the steel wire rope and the reserved hoisting ring and the apparent condition of the component are checked, and the safety is confirmed, and the component can be hoisted without damage or cracks;
s11, positioning: the prefabricated cushion layer is lifted and transported to the upper space of a mounting point to be mounted, slowly falls down when the prefabricated cushion layer descends to the height of 0.8-1m, slowly falls down after being straightened and guided, and when the prefabricated cushion layer is 200mm away from the ground, the corner point of the prefabricated cushion layer and the positioning point are corresponding and fall down;
s12, completing: and after the prefabricated cushion layer is hoisted in place, the construction of the brick moulding bed building process can be carried out.
2. The method for manufacturing and constructing a prefabricated bed course of quicksand and mucky soil as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: in the S1, if the prefabricated cushion layer is manufactured on the soil layer, the bottom template is not required to be arranged, the bottom can be isolated by adopting geotextile, and the bottom template is properly watered and moistened before concrete pouring.
3. The method for manufacturing and constructing a prefabricated bed course of quicksand and mucky soil as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: c20 concrete is selected for pouring in the S6, and low-slump non-pumping concrete is selected for pouring; the concrete pouring is carried out by continuously pouring the bottom plate and the side walls, and the concrete pouring is carried out by vibrating and compacting.
4. The method for manufacturing and constructing the prefabricated bed course of quicksand and mucky soil as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and in S7, the construction in winter can adopt a heat storage maintenance mode.
5. The method for manufacturing and constructing the prefabricated bed course of quicksand and mucky soil as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and in the S9, when the foundation is excavated, the flatness of the foundation trench is controlled within 30mm so as to prevent the prefabricated cushion layer from inclining when being hoisted in place.
6. The method for manufacturing and constructing a prefabricated bed course of quicksand and mucky soil as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: and after the prefabricated cushion layer in the S11 falls down, if the positioning deviation is large, hoisting the prefabricated cushion layer to the position of about 0.1m height for adjustment.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211450028.6A CN115717392A (en) | 2022-11-19 | 2022-11-19 | Manufacturing and construction method of prefabricated cushion layer of quicksand and mucky soil |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211450028.6A CN115717392A (en) | 2022-11-19 | 2022-11-19 | Manufacturing and construction method of prefabricated cushion layer of quicksand and mucky soil |
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| CN115717392A true CN115717392A (en) | 2023-02-28 |
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| CN202211450028.6A Pending CN115717392A (en) | 2022-11-19 | 2022-11-19 | Manufacturing and construction method of prefabricated cushion layer of quicksand and mucky soil |
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| CN (1) | CN115717392A (en) |
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