CN1157151C - Color vision detecting and correcting method and equipment and its application - Google Patents
Color vision detecting and correcting method and equipment and its application Download PDFInfo
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- CN1157151C CN1157151C CNB001364723A CN00136472A CN1157151C CN 1157151 C CN1157151 C CN 1157151C CN B001364723 A CNB001364723 A CN B001364723A CN 00136472 A CN00136472 A CN 00136472A CN 1157151 C CN1157151 C CN 1157151C
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- achromatopsia
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B3/00—Apparatus for testing the eyes; Instruments for examining the eyes
- A61B3/02—Subjective types, i.e. testing apparatus requiring the active assistance of the patient
- A61B3/06—Subjective types, i.e. testing apparatus requiring the active assistance of the patient for testing light sensitivity, e.g. adaptation; for testing colour vision
- A61B3/066—Subjective types, i.e. testing apparatus requiring the active assistance of the patient for testing light sensitivity, e.g. adaptation; for testing colour vision for testing colour vision
Abstract
The present invention discloses a color blindness detecting/correcting method which comprises the steps that many groups of color blindness detecting charts are displayed, and each group corresponds to one color blindness type and is identified by a detected person; the color blindness type is determined according to an identifying result of the detected person; then, at least one color matching comparison chart is displayed whose one region is in one predefined color, and the other region is used for the detected person's color matching; subsequently, the detected person's color matching result is received; after the color matching result and the tricolor of the predefined color are compared, the color blindness step of the detected person is determined; finally, a corresponding color blindness correcting spectral curve is selected according to the determined color blindness type and the type. In addition, the present invention also discloses color blindness detecting/correcting equipment used for realizing the method.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of colour vision detection/antidote and equipment that is used to detect achromatopsia type, step, and the application in achromatopsia is corrected.
Background technology
Color anomalopia chromatopsia is commonly called as achromatopsia, is a kind of heritability physiological defect.We know, human brain is with inherent three-dimensional colour coordinate, according to the three primary colours that receive red (R), green (G), blue (B) vector and size, direction definition colored, produce colour vision.If a certain level in the colour vision process morphs, the three primary colours vector that brain receives will be out of proportion.And brain still produces colour vision by inherent colored definition, and this certainly will cause color anomalopia chromatopsia, produces achromatopsia.(referring to " able to correct colour vision introduction ", Chen Xiaoguang,, Jilin science and technology publishing house in 1992.) reason producing color anomalopia chromatopsia is a certain superfunction in the three primary colours, and the three primary colours sum is 1, that is, and R+G+B=1, this just causes two other primary colours to reduce.The achromatopsia that is caused by this reason is defined as category-A achromatopsia, category-B achromatopsia and C class achromatopsia respectively.The Another reason that produces color anomalopia chromatopsia is the spectrum obtained the maximum absorption displacement of a certain primary colours in the three primary colours.The achromatopsia that is caused by this reason is defined as D class achromatopsia, E class achromatopsia and F class achromatopsia respectively.In addition, also has a class achromatopsia.
The method that is used for the colour vision detection at present is no less than six kinds, and wherein the use of " colour vision (blind) controlling chart " is the most general.The shortcoming of this method is to detect the type and the degree of achromatopsia quantitatively.
Chinese patent No.90200939.7 discloses a kind of achromatopsia and has corrected the computer checkout equipment, with traditional colour vision detection figure computer of packing into, detects to allow the detected person discern to carry out colour vision by show colour vision detection figure on computer monitor.This checkout equipment makes that the inspection of colour vision is convenient and easy.But, also have the following disadvantages: since use this checkout equipment detect/correcting process in, require the detected person to recognize, and clear more good more, make the detected person produce psychological inversion easily.The result causes exceeding the proper limits in righting a wrong, and becomes another kind of achromatopsia, after achromate is worn correcting spectacle lens, though can not reach real corrigent purpose by examination of color sense, still can not equally recognize colored with the normal person.
Summary of the invention
Purpose of the present invention just provides a kind of colour vision detection/antidote and equipment, uses this method and apparatus can overcome detected person's psychological inversion, determines the type and the step of achromatopsia exactly, thereby avoids hypercorrect generation.
Achromatopsia detection/antidote of the present invention comprises the steps: to show that many group achromatopsia detect chart, and each is organized corresponding to a kind of achromatopsia type, for detected person's identification; Determine detected person's achromatopsia type according to detected person's recognition result; Show at least one colored color matching comparison diagram, a zone in the described color matching comparison diagram is a certain predetermined colour, matches colors for the detected person in another zone; Receive detected person's color matching result; By described color matching result and described predetermined chromatic three primary colours are compared the achromatopsia step of determining the detected person; Select corresponding achromatopsia to correct the curve of spectrum according to determined achromatopsia type and step.
Achromatopsia detection/correcting device of the present invention comprises: display device, be used to show that many group achromatopsia detect chart, each group is corresponding to a kind of achromatopsia type, for detected person's identification, and be used to show at least one colored color matching comparison diagram, a zone in the described color matching comparison diagram is a certain predetermined colour, matches colors for the detected person in another zone; Input equipment is used to receive detected person's color matching result; Be used for by described color matching result and described predetermined chromatic three primary colours being compared the device of the achromatopsia step of determining the detected person; Be used for selecting corresponding achromatopsia to correct the device of the curve of spectrum according to determined achromatopsia type and step.
Like this,,, determine the achromatopsia step according to its color matching result again, avoided the psychological inversion that under the situation that the tester intervenes, occurs easily and exceed the proper limits in righting a wrong by allowing detected person oneself allot and the identical colour of described predetermined colour according to the present invention.
In addition, achromatopsia detection/antidote of the present invention also can comprise the steps: to provide an achromatopsia correcting lens; Make the detected person detect chart by described achromatopsia correcting lens identification achromatopsia; The detected person changes the angle of described achromatopsia correcting lens, till can correctly discern described achromatopsia detection chart; Determine the step of achromatopsia according to described angle.Like this,, the step of A, B or C class achromatopsia can not only be accurately detected, and the step of D, E or F class achromatopsia can be detected according to method of the present invention.
In addition, according to the present invention, camera bellows can be installed in display device, the front of camera bellows is provided with two monotubulars and watches from a height or a distance mirror, the detected person watches from a height or a distance mirror by this and watches the chart that shows in the display device so that it is discerned, in the side of camera bellows the supervision lens barrel is set, whether the tester watches the chart that shows in the display device correct with the chart that definite detected person identifies by this supervision lens barrel.Like this, avoided of the interference of extraneous light to diagnostic result and rectification effect.
In addition,, can watch from a height or a distance at each a slot is set respectively on the mirror lens barrel, can insert the achromatopsia correcting lens in the slot according to the present invention.In addition, each slot place also is provided with knob, is used to change the angle of achromatopsia correcting lens, thereby can determine the achromatopsia step of D class achromatopsia, E class achromatopsia or F class achromatopsia according to the size of the angle of rotating.
In addition, according to the present invention, can watch from a height or a distance at each a baffle plate is set respectively in the mirror lens barrel, connect a knob on each baffle plate respectively, handle knob and can control baffle plate, make it block detected person's sight line or its position from the sight line of blocking the detected person is removed.
Owing to use colour vision checkout equipment of the present invention can accurately diagnose the type and the step of achromatopsia, therefore, can only correct to the simple eye of achromate.In this case, do not wear the simple eye of achromatopsia correcting lens and make the corrigent brightness of achromatopsia identical, thereby reach real corrigent purpose with the normal person.
Description of drawings
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing preferred forms of the present invention is described in detail.
Fig. 1 is the block diagram according to colour vision checkout equipment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 A, 2B, 2C are respectively axonometric chart, left view and the front views according to the colour vision checkout equipment of preferred forms of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of watching from a height or a distance lens barrel according to colour vision checkout equipment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the structural representation according to the supervision lens barrel of colour vision checkout equipment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 A-5F is the colour vision detection chart that detects A-F class achromatopsia according to being respectively applied for of the colour vision checkout equipment of preferred forms of the present invention.
Fig. 6 A-6D is the colour color matching comparison diagram according to the achromatopsia gradient that is used for definite category-A, category-B or C class achromatopsia of the colour vision checkout equipment of preferred forms of the present invention.
Fig. 7 A-7F corrects the curve of spectrum for the achromatopsia that corresponds respectively to A-F class achromatopsia according to the present invention.
Fig. 8 is the flow chart according to colour vision detection/antidote of the present invention.
The specific embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, colour vision detection/correcting device according to the present invention comprises input equipment 10, and the achromatopsia step is determined device 12, and display device 14 and achromatopsia are corrected curve of spectrum selecting arrangement 16.Input equipment 10 can be keyboard etc., be used for by the tester for example the doctor import instruction, and import color matching result etc. by the detected person.Display device 14 is used to show that colour vision detects chart and colored color matching comparison diagram.The achromatopsia step determines that device 12 determines the step of achromatopsia according to the color matching result of detected person input.Achromatopsia is corrected curve of spectrum selecting arrangement 16 and is determined the achromatopsia step that device 12 is determined according to the achromatopsia type with by the achromatopsia step, selects the achromatopsia that is suitable for the detected person and corrects the curve of spectrum.In addition, colour vision detection/correcting device of the present invention also can comprise a printer, is used to print achromatopsia and corrects the curve of spectrum and diagnosis prescription.
In detection, display device 14 shows that the colour vision of many groups detects chart, and each group is corresponding to the achromatopsia of a type.Fig. 5 A-5F has provided six groups of exemplary colour vision detection figure, is respectively applied for to detect A-F class achromatopsia; Can not discern each figure among Fig. 5 A, numeral or alphabetical be the category-A achromatopsia, can not discern each figure among Fig. 5 B, numeral or alphabetical be the category-B achromatopsia, and the like.What all identify is normal vision, and what all can not discern is achromatopsia.24 width of cloth colour visions that Fig. 5 A-5F provides detect the colored constant of background color in the chart and figure, numeral, letter, but and figure, numeral, letter change at random are recited preventing.
For providing the testing result of achromatopsia type automatically, the achromatopsia step determines also can deposit in the device 12 synopsis, can retrieve each colour vision by this table and detect correct patterns, the numeral or alphabetical that chart comprised.The achromatopsia step determines that device 12 according to the recognition result of detected person by input equipment 10 input, determines the type of achromatopsia by retrieving described synopsis.
Be the step of diagnosis category-A, category-B and C class achromatopsia, display device 14 can also show the colored color matching of at least one width of cloth comparison diagram.Fig. 6 A-6D has provided the example of such color matching comparison diagram.In Fig. 6 A, upper semi-circle is that lower half circle is used for being matched colors by the detected person by the synthetic white of 1/3R+1/3G+1/3B.The size that the detected person regulates R, G, B by input equipment 10, proportioning goes out the white identical with upper semi-circle.Then, the achromatopsia step is determined the difference degree division achromatopsia step of device 12 according to three primary colours of allotting and normal person.Can respectively be divided into 63 steps to the three primary colours of display device 14, color intensity is divided into 10 grades, and itself and human colour vision are adapted.Obviously, for the situation shown in Fig. 6 A, the normal person goes out the white identical with upper semi-circle with the 21/63R+21/63G+21/63B proportioning, and the category-A achromate may go out white with upper semi-circle " identical " with 27/63R, 30/63R, 33/63R, 36/63R, 39/63R or 42/63R proportioning, the category-B achromate may go out white with upper semi-circle " identical " with 27/63G, 30/63G, 33/63G, 36/63G, 39/63G or 42/63G proportioning, and the like.The situation that can fall into the proportioning result (27 ± 1)/63, (30 ± 1)/63, (33 ± 1)/63, (36 ± 1)/63, (39 ± 1)/63, (43 ± 1)/63 is defined as six different steps respectively, represents with A1-6, B1-6, C1-6 respectively.The upper semi-circle of Fig. 6 B-6D is respectively by the blended yellow of 1/2R+1/2G, by the blended cyan of 1/2G+1/2B with by the blended purple of 1/2B+1/2R, and lower half circle is still adjusted two mix of basic colors by the detected person by input equipment and gone out the colour identical with upper semi-circle.Get above-mentioned four proportioning results' meansigma methods, can improve the degree of accuracy that detects.
Fig. 2 A-2C shows a preferred forms of colour vision detection/correcting device of the present invention.As shown in the figure, colour vision detection/correcting device comprise have main frame 20, the notebook of color display 22, keyboard 32.Obviously, also can use the computer of other types to realize the present invention.A camera bellows 24 is installed on display 22, and the part in the face of display 22 of camera bellows 24 is provided with two monotubulars and watches from a height or a distance mirror 26, and distance is therebetween regulated by knob 28, so that the detected person of different interpupillary distances uses.One side of camera bellows 24 is provided with one and monitors lens barrel 30, instructs for tester's monitor scope 22 and to the detected person.Testing result can be got by printer 34.
As shown in Figure 3, watch from a height or a distance a slot is set on the lens barrel 26, wherein can insert achromatopsia correcting lens 48.Achromatopsia correcting lens 48 is installed on the picture frame 50, and picture frame 50 is corrected knob 46 with achromatopsia and linked to each other.Correct the scale that knob 46 is provided with the expression wavelength.The anglec of rotation (for example 0-45 °) of correcting knob is corresponding with wavelength (for example 0-30nm).In addition, watch from a height or a distance a baffle plate 44 also is set in the lens barrel 26, it links to each other with baffle plate knob 42.Can open or close baffle plate 44 by butterfly knob 42.Watching from a height or a distance lens barrel 26 can use by monotubular, also can the bitubular use.The detected person discerns by watching from a height or a distance mouthful 40 couples of colour vision detection figure that are presented on the display 22, perhaps the color matching comparison diagram is matched colors.
As shown in Figure 4, supervision lens barrel 30 locates to have a prism 62 in it gos deep into camera bellows 24.By monitoring mouth 60, the tester can be clear that the image on the display 22 changes, so that instruct the detected person to operate.
The step of D class, E class or F class achromatopsia is watched from a height or a distance the pairing wavelength-shift amount of the anglec of rotation of the achromatopsia correcting lens 48 of the achromatopsia curve of spectrum shown in Fig. 7 D or 7E or 7F of lens barrel 26 and is determined according to insertion.The some every displacement of spectrum maximum absorption wavelength 10nm in the regulation three primary colours are a step, use D respectively
1-6, E
1-6, F
1-6Expression.
After being diagnosed as certain achromatopsia and step by the colour vision checkout equipment, correcting in achromatopsia and to insert in the picture frame 50 corresponding to the achromatopsia type of being made a definite diagnosis and step (A for example
5, B
4, E
1Deng) the achromatopsia correcting lens, allow the detected person watch and detect charts, and the color matching comparison diagram shown in Fig. 6 A-6D is matched colors as among Fig. 5 A-5F all.After all passing through, detection finishes, and starts printer, prints medical certification and corrective prescription.
Have 6 kinds of correcting lenses for each achromatopsia type, correspond respectively to 6 kinds of steps.Fig. 7 A-7F has provided the achromatopsia of the correcting lens correspondence that is used to correct A-F class achromatopsia respectively and has corrected the curve of spectrum.Should there be 6 achromatopsia to correct the curve of spectrum for each achromatopsia type, for the sake of simplicity, have only drawn among the figure 2.
For A, B or C class achromatopsia, correction curve establishes an equation under satisfying:
Wherein, the value of A, B, C is 1/63,2/63,3/63 ..., 63/63, and A+B+C=1, λ is a wavelength, α, β, γ are weight coefficient.
For D class, E class or F class achromatopsia, correction curve establishes an equation under satisfying:
Wherein, the value of A, B, C is 1/63,2/63,3/63 ..., 63/63, and A+B+C=1, λ is a wavelength, α, β, γ are weight coefficient, λ
D, λ
E, λ
FBe the wavelength movement value.
Below in conjunction with Fig. 8 to achromatopsia of the present invention detect/antidote is elaborated.
As shown in Figure 8, begin to carry out to show that in step 110 achromatopsia of respectively organizing shown in Fig. 5 A-5F detects chart, allows the detected person discern in display device 14 successively after achromatopsia detects.In step 120, if can all correctly discerning, the detected person respectively organizes achromatopsia detection chart, show that detected person's colour vision is normal, testing process finishes.If can not all discern, then then judge the type of achromatopsia in step 130.If belong to A, B or C class, then in display device 14, show the colour color matching comparison diagram (step 140) shown in Fig. 6 A-6D.The detected person matches colors by input equipment 10, and the color matching result determines that by the achromatopsia step device 12 receives (step 160).In step 170, the achromatopsia step is determined device 12 according to the color matching result, and mode is determined the type and the step of achromatopsia as described above.Then, in step 180, achromatopsia is corrected curve of spectrum selecting arrangement 16 and is selected corresponding correction curve according to determined achromatopsia type and step.
If determining the achromatopsia type in step 130 is D, E or F class, then correct the achromatopsia correcting lens (step 190) that inserts in the picture frame 50 corresponding to D, E or F class achromatopsia in achromatopsia.Then, change the angle of achromatopsia correcting lens, and allow the detected person discern, till the detected person can correctly discern achromatopsia to detect chart (step 200,210).Afterwards, in step 220, determine the step of achromatopsia, and select corresponding correction curve (step 180) according to determined achromatopsia type and step according to the size of the anglec of rotation of achromatopsia correcting lens.
Correct the curve of spectrum according to determined achromatopsia, select the achromatopsia correcting lens, put on, and allow it that detection of achromatopsia shown in Fig. 5 A-5F chart is discerned to the detected person.If can all correctly discern, then detect by last.Otherwise, by the capable again step of determining achromatopsia of said method, till the detected person can all correctly identify achromatopsia detection chart.
As mentioned above, according to colour vision checkout equipment of the present invention, can accurately diagnose out the type and the step of achromatopsia, this makes and can only correct simple eye according to the accurate diagnostic results that is drawn.By the simple eye achromatopsia correcting lens of wearing achromatopsia is carried out corrigent principle referring to " able to correct colour vision introduction ", Chen Xiaoguang,, Jilin science and technology publishing house in 1992.
Abovely the present invention is described in detail in conjunction with preferred forms.It is pointed out that under instruction of the present invention and can make various changes concrete embodiment.Will be understood that these changes also belong to coverage of the present invention.
Claims (13)
1. achromatopsia detection/correcting device comprises:
Display device is used to show that many group achromatopsia detect chart, and each is organized corresponding to a kind of achromatopsia type, for detected person's identification; And be used to show at least one colored color matching comparison diagram, and a zone in the described color matching comparison diagram is a certain predetermined colour, and match colors for the detected person in another zone;
Input equipment is used to receive detected person's color matching result;
Be used for by described color matching result and described predetermined chromatic three primary colours being compared the device of the achromatopsia step of determining the detected person;
Be used for selecting corresponding achromatopsia to correct the device of the curve of spectrum according to determined achromatopsia type and step.
2. colour vision detection/correcting device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described achromatopsia step determines that device comprises a synopsis, can retrieve each colour vision by this table and detect correct patterns, the numeral or alphabetical that chart comprised, thereby can determine the type of achromatopsia automatically by the detected person is compared by recognition result and described colour vision detection correct patterns, numeral or the letter that chart comprised of input equipment input.
3. colour vision detection/correcting device according to claim 1 is characterized in that, also comprises printer, is used to print selected achromatopsia and corrects the curve of spectrum.
4. colour vision detection/correcting device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, camera bellows also is installed in the display device, the front of camera bellows is provided with two monotubulars and watches from a height or a distance mirror, the detected person watches from a height or a distance mirror by this and watches the chart that shows in the display device so that it is discerned, the side of camera bellows is provided with the supervision lens barrel, and whether the tester watches the chart that shows in the display device correct with the chart that definite detected person identifies by this supervision lens barrel.
5. colour vision detection/correcting device according to claim 4 is characterized in that, the distance that two monotubulars are watched from a height or a distance between the mirror is adjustable.
6. colour vision detection/correcting device according to claim 4 is characterized in that, monitors that lens barrel inserts the inner place of camera bellows a prism is set.
7. colour vision detection/correcting device according to claim 4 is characterized in that, each is watched from a height or a distance and is respectively arranged with a slot on the mirror lens barrel, can insert the achromatopsia correcting lens in the slot.
8. colour vision detection/correcting device according to claim 7, it is characterized in that, each slot place also is provided with knob, is used to change the angle of achromatopsia correcting lens, thereby can determine the achromatopsia step of D class achromatopsia, E class achromatopsia or F class achromatopsia according to the size of the angle of rotating.
9. colour vision detection/correcting device according to claim 7, it is characterized in that, each is watched from a height or a distance and also is respectively arranged with a baffle plate in the mirror lens barrel, connect a knob on each baffle plate respectively, handle knob and can control baffle plate, make it block detected person's sight line or its position from the sight line of blocking the detected person is removed.
10. colour vision detection/correcting device according to claim 1 is characterized in that, colour vision detects the colored constant of background color in the chart and figure, numeral, letter, and figure, numeral, letter are change at random.
11. colour vision detection/correcting device according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the three primary colours of display device respectively are divided into 63 steps, and color intensity is divided into 10 grades, and itself and human colour vision are adapted.
12. achromatopsia detection/correcting device according to claim 1 is characterized in that,
When the achromatopsia type is category-A, category-B or C time-like, selected achromatopsia is corrected the curve of spectrum and is satisfied equation:
Wherein, A, B, the value of C is 1/63,2/63,3/63 ..., 63/63, and A+B+C=1, λ is a wavelength, α, beta, gamma are weight coefficient.
13. the described achromatopsia detection/correcting device of claim 8 is characterized in that,
When the achromatopsia type is D class, E class or F time-like, selected achromatopsia is corrected the curve of spectrum and is satisfied equation:
Wherein, the value of A, B, C is 1/63,2/63,3/63 ..., 63/63, and A+B+C=1, λ is a wavelength, α, beta, gamma are weight coefficient, λ
D, λ
E, λ
FBe the wavelength movement value.
Priority Applications (6)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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CNB001364723A CN1157151C (en) | 2000-12-26 | 2000-12-26 | Color vision detecting and correcting method and equipment and its application |
AT01271817T ATE468067T1 (en) | 2000-12-26 | 2001-12-26 | DEVICE FOR DETECTING/CORRECTING COLOR PERCEPTION AND USE THEREOF |
EP01271817A EP1354550B1 (en) | 2000-12-26 | 2001-12-26 | Device for detecting/correcting colour vision and its use |
PCT/CN2001/001645 WO2002051305A1 (en) | 2000-12-26 | 2001-12-26 | Method and device for detecting/correcting colour vision and their application |
US10/451,697 US7198369B2 (en) | 2000-12-26 | 2001-12-26 | Method and device for detecting/correcting color vision and their application |
DE60142181T DE60142181D1 (en) | 2000-12-26 | 2001-12-26 | DEVICE FOR DETECTING / CORRECTING COLOR PERCEPTION AND APPLYING THEREOF |
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2000
- 2000-12-26 CN CNB001364723A patent/CN1157151C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2001
- 2001-12-26 EP EP01271817A patent/EP1354550B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-12-26 US US10/451,697 patent/US7198369B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2001-12-26 WO PCT/CN2001/001645 patent/WO2002051305A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2001-12-26 AT AT01271817T patent/ATE468067T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2001-12-26 DE DE60142181T patent/DE60142181D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN101036606B (en) * | 2007-04-19 | 2010-05-19 | 复旦大学 | Method for rectifying the daltonism on the basis of self-adapted mapping |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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EP1354550A4 (en) | 2007-10-17 |
US20040061835A1 (en) | 2004-04-01 |
CN1360876A (en) | 2002-07-31 |
DE60142181D1 (en) | 2010-07-01 |
EP1354550B1 (en) | 2010-05-19 |
ATE468067T1 (en) | 2010-06-15 |
EP1354550A1 (en) | 2003-10-22 |
US7198369B2 (en) | 2007-04-03 |
WO2002051305A1 (en) | 2002-07-04 |
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