CN115710192A - Novel cationic lipid compounds - Google Patents

Novel cationic lipid compounds Download PDF

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CN115710192A
CN115710192A CN202110970009.5A CN202110970009A CN115710192A CN 115710192 A CN115710192 A CN 115710192A CN 202110970009 A CN202110970009 A CN 202110970009A CN 115710192 A CN115710192 A CN 115710192A
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lipid
therapeutic
lipids
glycero
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黄才古
黄铁强
谭俊荣
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Guangzhou Anovent Pharmaceutical Co Ltd
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Guangzhou Anovent Pharmaceutical Co Ltd
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Priority to PCT/CN2022/084284 priority patent/WO2023024513A1/en
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K39/00—Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K47/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient
    • A61K47/06—Organic compounds, e.g. natural or synthetic hydrocarbons, polyolefins, mineral oil, petrolatum or ozokerite
    • A61K47/08—Organic compounds, e.g. natural or synthetic hydrocarbons, polyolefins, mineral oil, petrolatum or ozokerite containing oxygen, e.g. ethers, acetals, ketones, quinones, aldehydes, peroxides
    • A61K47/14—Esters of carboxylic acids, e.g. fatty acid monoglycerides, medium-chain triglycerides, parabens or PEG fatty acid esters
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K47/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient
    • A61K47/06—Organic compounds, e.g. natural or synthetic hydrocarbons, polyolefins, mineral oil, petrolatum or ozokerite
    • A61K47/16—Organic compounds, e.g. natural or synthetic hydrocarbons, polyolefins, mineral oil, petrolatum or ozokerite containing nitrogen, e.g. nitro-, nitroso-, azo-compounds, nitriles, cyanates
    • A61K47/18—Amines; Amides; Ureas; Quaternary ammonium compounds; Amino acids; Oligopeptides having up to five amino acids
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K48/00—Medicinal preparations containing genetic material which is inserted into cells of the living body to treat genetic diseases; Gene therapy
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
    • A61K9/10—Dispersions; Emulsions
    • A61K9/127—Liposomes
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
    • A61K9/48—Preparations in capsules, e.g. of gelatin, of chocolate
    • A61K9/50—Microcapsules having a gas, liquid or semi-solid filling; Solid microparticles or pellets surrounded by a distinct coating layer, e.g. coated microspheres, coated drug crystals
    • A61K9/51—Nanocapsules; Nanoparticles
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C213/00—Preparation of compounds containing amino and hydroxy, amino and etherified hydroxy or amino and esterified hydroxy groups bound to the same carbon skeleton
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C219/00—Compounds containing amino and esterified hydroxy groups bound to the same carbon skeleton
    • C07C219/02—Compounds containing amino and esterified hydroxy groups bound to the same carbon skeleton having esterified hydroxy groups and amino groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of the same carbon skeleton
    • C07C219/04—Compounds containing amino and esterified hydroxy groups bound to the same carbon skeleton having esterified hydroxy groups and amino groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of the same carbon skeleton the carbon skeleton being acyclic and saturated
    • C07C219/06—Compounds containing amino and esterified hydroxy groups bound to the same carbon skeleton having esterified hydroxy groups and amino groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of the same carbon skeleton the carbon skeleton being acyclic and saturated having the hydroxy groups esterified by carboxylic acids having the esterifying carboxyl groups bound to hydrogen atoms or to acyclic carbon atoms of an acyclic saturated carbon skeleton
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
    • C12N15/00—Mutation or genetic engineering; DNA or RNA concerning genetic engineering, vectors, e.g. plasmids, or their isolation, preparation or purification; Use of hosts therefor
    • C12N15/09—Recombinant DNA-technology
    • C12N15/11—DNA or RNA fragments; Modified forms thereof; Non-coding nucleic acids having a biological activity

Abstract

The present invention relates to lipid compounds that can be used alone or in combination with other lipid components, such as neutral lipids, dotted lipids, steroids and/or their analogs, and/or polymer-conjugated lipids, to form lipid nanoparticles for the delivery of therapeutic and/or prophylactic agents. In some examples, lipid nanoparticles are used to deliver nucleic acids, such as messenger RNA and/or antisense RNA. Also provided are methods of using such lipid nanoparticles for the treatment and/or prevention of various diseases. In one embodiment, compounds having the structure of formula (I) are provided:
Figure DDA0003225589820000011
or a salt or isomer thereof or an N-oxide thereof, wherein R 1 、R 2 Also provided are pharmaceutical compositions as defined herein comprising one or more compounds of the foregoing structural formula (I) and a therapeutic and/or prophylactic agent. In some embodiments, the pharmaceutical composition further comprises one or more components selected from the group consisting of neutral lipids, charged lipids, steroids, and polymer-conjugated lipids. Such compositions are useful for forming lipid nanoparticles for the delivery of therapeutic and/or prophylactic agents. In other embodiments, the present invention provides methods of administering a therapeutic and/or prophylactic agent to a subject in need thereof, comprising preparing a pharmaceutical combination comprising a lipid nanoparticle of a compound of structural formula (I) and a therapeutic and/or prophylactic agent, and delivering the composition to the subject.

Description

Novel cationic lipid compounds
Technical Field
The present invention provides novel cationic lipids that can be used in combination with other lipid components (such as neutral lipids, steroids, and polymer-conjugated lipids) to form a nucleic acid mRNA lipid nanoparticle composition for delivering one or more therapeutic and/or prophylactic agents to and/or producing a polypeptide in a mammalian cell or organ. In addition to the novel lipids, the lipid nanoparticle compositions of the present invention may include one or more cationic and/or ionizable amino lipids, neutral lipids including polyunsaturated lipids, polymer-conjugated lipids, steroids, and/or therapeutic and/or prophylactic agents in specific ratios.
Background
Effective targeted delivery of biologically active substances such as small molecule drugs, proteins and nucleic acids presents a long-standing medical challenge. In particular, delivery of nucleic acids to cells is made difficult by the relative instability and low cell permeability of these species. Accordingly, there is a need to develop methods and compositions that facilitate the delivery of therapeutic and/or prophylactic agents, such as nucleic acids, to cells.
Studies have demonstrated that bioactive substances such as small molecule drugs, proteins and nucleic acids can be efficiently delivered to cells and/or intracellular compartments using lipid-containing nanoparticle compositions, liposomes and liposome complexes as delivery vehicles. These compositions generally comprise one or more "cationic" lipids, neutral lipids (e.g., phospholipids), structural lipids (e.g., steroids), and/or polyethylene glycol-containing lipids (polymer-conjugated lipids) including polyunsaturated lipids. Cationic lipids include, for example, amine-containing lipids that can be easily protonated.
However, the use of oligonucleotides in a therapeutic setting currently faces two problems. First, free RNA is susceptible to nuclease digestion in plasma. Second, the ability of free RNA to enter intracellular compartments where relevant translation mechanisms exist is limited. Lipid nanoparticles formed from cationic lipids with other lipid components (such as neutral lipids, cholesterol, PEG, pegylated lipids, and oligonucleotides) have been used to prevent degradation of RNA in plasma and to promote cellular uptake of oligonucleotides.
There remains a need for improved cationic lipids and lipid nanoparticles for delivering oligonucleotides. The improved lipid nanoparticles would provide optimized drug delivery, protect nucleic acids from degradation and clearance in serum, be suitable for systemic or local delivery, and provide intracellular delivery of nucleic acids. In addition, these preferred lipid-nucleic acid particles should be well-tolerated and provide a sufficient therapeutic index such that patient treatment at an effective dose of the nucleic acid does not result in unacceptable toxicity and/or risk to the patient. The present invention provides these and related advantages.
BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE PRESENT DISCLOSURE
The present invention provides the following novel compounds and methods involving these compounds:
in a first aspect, the present invention relates to compounds of the following structural formula (I):
Figure BDA0003225589810000021
or a salt or isomer thereof or an N-oxide thereof, wherein:
R 1 、R 2 is independent hydrogen or hydroxyl, at least one of which is hydroxyl
In various embodiments, the compound has one of the structures shown in table 1 below
Representative compounds of Table 1
Figure BDA0003225589810000022
Figure BDA0003225589810000031
In some embodiments, compositions are provided comprising any one or more of the compounds of structural formula (I) and a therapeutic and/or prophylactic agent.
In some embodiments, compositions are provided comprising any one or more of the compounds of structure (I) and a therapeutic and/or prophylactic agent. In some embodiments, the composition comprises any one of the compounds of structure (I) and a therapeutic and/or prophylactic agent and one or more excipients selected from the group consisting of neutral lipids, steroids, and polymer-conjugated lipids. Other pharmaceutically acceptable excipients and/or carriers are also included in various embodiments of the compositions.
In some embodiments, the neutral lipid is selected from 1, 2-distearoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DSPC), 1, 2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DPPC), 1, 2-dimyristyl-sn-glycero-phosphocholine (DMPC), 1, 2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DOPC), 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (POPC), 1, 2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine (DOPE), sphingomyelin (SM), and mixtures thereof. In some embodiments, it is preferred that the neutral lipid is 1, 2-distearoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DSPC).
In some embodiments, the steroid is selected from the group consisting of cholesterol, coprosterol, sitosterol, ergosterol, campesterol, stigmasterol, brassicasterol, tomatidine, ursolic acid, alpha-tocopherol, and mixtures thereof. In some embodiments, it is preferred that the steroid is cholesterol.
In some embodiments, the pegylated lipid is 1, 2-dimyristoyl-sn-glyceromethoxypolyethylene glycol (PEG-DMG)
In some embodiments, the composition ratio ranges are as follows: about 10-60 mol% of the compound, about 0-30 mol% of a neutral lipid, about 10-55 mol% of a steroid, and about 0-10 mol% of a polymer-conjugated lipid.
In some embodiments of the foregoing composition, the therapeutic and/or prophylactic agent comprises a nucleic acid. Wherein the nucleic acid is RNA selected from the group consisting of: siRNA, aiRNA, miRNA, dsRNA, shRNA, mRNA and mixtures thereof. In some embodiments, the RNA is selected from mRNA.
In other various embodiments, the invention relates to a method of administering a therapeutic and/or prophylactic agent to a subject in need thereof, the method comprising preparing or providing any of the above compositions and administering the composition to the subject.
For administration purposes, the compounds of the invention (typically in the form of lipid nanoparticles in combination with a therapeutic and/or prophylactic agent) can be administered as a drug substance or can be formulated as a pharmaceutical composition. The pharmaceutical compositions of the present invention comprise a compound of structure (I) and one or more pharmaceutically acceptable carriers, diluents, or excipients. A compound of structure (I) effective to form a lipid nanoparticle and deliver a therapeutic and/or prophylactic agent. The appropriate concentration and dosage can be readily determined by one skilled in the art.
Administration of the compositions of the present invention may be by any acceptable manner of administration of the agents for similar utility. The pharmaceutical composition of the present invention may be formulated into preparations in solid, semi-solid, liquid or gaseous form, such as tablets, capsules, powders, granules, ointments, solutions, suspensions, suppositories, injections, inhalants, gels, microspheres and aerosols. Typical routes of administration of such pharmaceutical compositions include, but are not limited to, oral, topical, transdermal, inhalation, parenteral, sublingual, buccal, rectal, vaginal and intranasal routes. The term parenteral as used herein includes subcutaneous injections, intravenous, intramuscular, intradermal, intrasternal injection or infusion techniques. The pharmaceutical compositions of the present invention are formulated so as to allow the active ingredients contained therein to be bioavailable upon administration of the composition to a subject. The composition to be administered to a subject or patient is in the form of one or more dosage units, wherein a tablet may be a single dosage unit and a container of a compound of the invention in aerosol form may contain a plurality of dosage units. Current methods of preparing such dosage forms are known or will be apparent to those skilled in the art. In any event, the composition to be administered will contain a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of the present invention, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, in order to treat the relevant disease or condition in accordance with the teachings of the present invention.
The pharmaceutical compositions of the present invention may be in solid or liquid form. In one aspect, the carrier is a microparticle, such that the composition is in the form of a tablet or powder. The carrier may be a liquid, in which case the composition is an oral syrup or an injectable liquid or aerosol, which is suitable for administration by inhalation.
When intended for oral administration, the pharmaceutical composition is preferably in solid or liquid form, wherein forms considered herein to be solid or liquid include semi-solid, semi-liquid, suspension, and gel forms.
As solid compositions for oral administration, the pharmaceutical compositions may be formulated into the form of powders, granules, compressed tablets, pills, capsules, chewing gums, wafers, and the like. Such solid compositions will generally contain one or more inert diluents or edible carriers. Additionally, one or more of a binder, such as gelatin, cellulose, and the like; excipients, such as lactose and the like; disintegrating agents such as alginic acid and the like; lubricants, such as magnesium stearate and the like; glidants such as silica gel and the like; sweetening agents, such as sucrose or saccharin; flavoring agents such as herba Menthae; and a colorant.
When the pharmaceutical composition is in the form of a capsule, it may contain a liquid carrier other than the above-mentioned types of materials, such as polyethylene glycol or an oil.
The pharmaceutical composition may be in the form of a liquid, such as a syrup, solution, emulsion or suspension. As two examples, the liquid may be for oral administration or for injection delivery. When intended for oral administration, the compositions of the present invention contain, in addition to the compounds of the present invention, one or more of sweetening agents, preserving agents, coloring/colouring agents and taste-enhancing agents. In compositions for administration by injection, one or more of surfactants, preservatives, wetting agents, dispersing agents, suspending agents, buffers, stabilizers, and isotonic agents may be included.
The liquid pharmaceutical compositions of the present invention, whether in solution, suspension or other similar form, may include one or more of the following adjuvants, such as sterile diluents, e.g., water for injection, saline solution, preferably normal saline, ringer's solution, isotonic sodium chloride; non-volatile oils such as synthetic monoglycerides or diglycerides which may be used as a solvent or suspending medium, polyethylene glycols, glycerol, propylene glycol or other solvents; antibacterial agents such as methyl paraben vinegar and the like; antioxidants, such as ascorbic acid or sodium bisulfite; chelating agents, such as ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid; buffers such as acetates, squarates or phosphates; and agents for regulating tonicity, such as sodium chloride or dextrose; agents used as cryoprotectants, such as sucrose or trehalose. The parenteral preparation can be enclosed in ampoules, disposable syringes or multiple dose vials made of glass or plastic. Physiological saline is a preferred adjuvant. The injectable pharmaceutical composition is preferably sterile.
The pharmaceutical compositions of the present invention may be comprised of dosage units that can be administered as an aerosol. The term aerosol is used to denote a variety of systems ranging from systems of a colloidal nature to systems consisting of pressurized packaging. The delivery may be by liquefied or compressed gas, or by a suitable pump system for dispensing the active ingredient. Aerosols of the compounds of the invention may be delivered as a single phase, biphasic system or triphasic system for delivery of the active ingredient. The delivery of the aerosol includes the necessary containers, activators, valves, sub-containers, etc., which together may form a kit. One skilled in the art can determine the preferred aerosol without undue experimentation.
The pharmaceutical compositions of the present invention may be prepared by methods well known in the pharmaceutical art. Pharmaceutical compositions intended for administration by injection may be prepared by combining the lipid nanoparticles of the present invention in solution with sterile distilled water or other carrier. Surfactants may be added to facilitate the formation of a homogeneous solution or suspension. Surfactants are compounds that interact non-covalently with the compounds of the present invention in order to facilitate dissolution or uniform suspension of the compounds in an aqueous delivery system.
The compositions of the present invention, or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, are administered in therapeutically effective amounts, which will vary depending on a variety of factors, including the activity of the particular therapeutic agent employed; metabolic stability and length of action of the therapeutic agent; the age, weight, general health, sex, and diet of the subject; the mode and time of administration; the rate of excretion; a pharmaceutical composition; severity of the particular case, etc.
The compositions of the present invention may also be administered simultaneously with, prior to, or after the administration of one or more other therapeutic agents. Such combination therapies include the administration of a single pharmaceutical dosage formulation of a composition of the present invention and one or more additional active agents, as well as the administration of a composition of the present invention and each active agent in its own separate pharmaceutical dosage formulation. For example, the compositions of the invention and other active agents can be administered to a subject together in a single oral dosage composition (e.g., a tablet or capsule), or each agent can be administered in a different oral dosage formulation. When different dosage formulations are employed, the compound of the invention and one or more additional active agents may be administered at substantially the same time, or sequentially at staggered times; it is to be understood that combination therapy encompasses all of these dosing regimens.
The novel cationic lipid compound has the advantages of realizing more advantageous physicochemical properties including more proper pKa and better chemical stability, being used for mRNA nano liposome composition, realizing more effective combination and delivery of ionic nucleic acid medicaments, having more stable chemical structure, being convenient for synthesis and being beneficial to development as pharmaceutic adjuvants.
Methods for preparing the above compounds and compositions are described below, and/or are known in the art.
One skilled in the art will recognize that in the methods described herein, functional groups of intermediate compounds may need to be protected by suitable protecting groups. Such functional groups include hydroxyl, amino, and carboxylic acid. Suitable protecting groups for hydroxyl include trialkylsilyl or diarylalkylsilyl, tetrahydrofuranyl, benzyl, and the like. Suitable protecting groups for amino include tert-butoxycarbonyl, benzyloxycarbonyl, and the like. Suitable protecting groups for carboxylic acids include hydrocarbyl, aryl or aralkyl esters. Protecting groups may be added or removed according to standard techniques known to those skilled in the art and described herein.
One skilled in the art will also recognize that while such protected derivatives of the compounds of the present invention may not be pharmaceutically active thereby, they may be administered to a mammal and thereafter metabolized in vivo to form the compounds of the present invention which are pharmacologically active. Such derivatives may therefore be described as "prodrugs". Prodrugs of the compounds of the invention are therefore included within the scope of the invention.
Furthermore, all compounds of the invention in free base or free acid form can be converted into their pharmaceutically acceptable salts by treatment with a suitable inorganic or organic base or acid according to methods known to those skilled in the art. Salts of the compounds of the present invention may be formed by conversion to their free base or acid by standard techniques.
The following examples are provided for the purpose of illustration and are not intended to be limiting.
The following examples, unless otherwise indicated, all solvents and reagents used were commercially available and used as received.
The procedure described below can be used for the synthesis of compounds a and B.
The following abbreviations are used herein:
edc.hcl: 1-Ethyl- (3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimides hydrochloride
DCM: methylene dichloride
DMAP: 4-dimethylaminopyridine
DIEA N, N-diisopropylethylamine
Detailed Description
Example 1:
representative routes
Synthesis of Compound 1
Figure BDA0003225589810000071
1) Synthesis of Compound A
Figure BDA0003225589810000081
Chemical formula C 22 H 42 O 3
Molecular weight 354.58
EDC.HCl (2.3g, 12.0mmol), DIEA (5.0g, 38.7mmol) and DMAP (0.2g, 1.6 mmol) were added to a DCM mixture of 2-hexyldecanoic acid (2.5g, 9.8mmol) and 4-epoxyethyl-1-butanol (1.4g, 12.1mmol) in this order. After 24h reaction at room temperature, the system was diluted with DCM, washed successively with saturated aqueous sodium bicarbonate solution and dilute aqueous hydrochloric acid solution, dried over sodium sulfate, filtered and concentrated, and the residue was purified by column chromatography (ethyl acetate/n-hexane). Compound A (2.0g, 5.6mmol, 57%) was obtained.
2) Synthesis of Compound B
Figure BDA0003225589810000082
The chemical formula is as follows: c 28 H 53 NO 4
Molecular weight: 443.71
Compound A (2.0g, 5.6mmol) and 4-amino-1-butanol (2.0g, 22.4mmol) were mixed, and the mixture was heated to 90 ℃ in a closed state to react for 3 days. After cooling down, ethyl acetate and water were added, the organic phase was separated off and dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, concentrated in vacuo and the residue was purified by means of a silica gel column (ammonia/methanol/DCM). Compound B (0.8g, 1.8mmol, 32%) was obtained.
3) Synthesis of Compound C
Figure BDA0003225589810000083
The chemical formula is as follows: c 21 H 41 BrO 2
Molecular weight: 405.46
EDC.HCl (2.3g, 12.0 mmol), DIEA (5.0g, 38.7mmol) and DMAP (0.2g, 1.6 mmol) were added to a DCM mixture of 2-hexyldecanoic acid (2.5g, 9.8mmol) and 6-bromohexanol (2.0g, 12.0mmol) in this order. After 24h reaction at room temperature, the system was diluted with DCM, washed successively with saturated aqueous sodium bicarbonate solution and dilute aqueous hydrochloric acid solution, dried over sodium sulfate, filtered and concentrated, and the residue was purified by column chromatography (ethyl acetate/n-hexane). Compound C (3.2 g,7.9mmol, 81%) was obtained.
4) Synthesis of Compound 1
Figure BDA0003225589810000091
The chemical formula is as follows: c 48 H 95 NO 6
Molecular weight: 782.29
DIEA (0.4g, 3.2mmol) was added to an ethanol mixture of compound B (0.8g, 1.8mmol) and compound C (1.0g, 2.5mmol) in this order, the temperature was raised to 65 ℃, the mixture was stirred for 24 hours, the solvent was concentrated under reduced temperature and pressure, the residue was dissolved in ethyl acetate, and the organic phase was washed with an aqueous solution of sodium hydrogencarbonate. After drying over anhydrous sodium sulfate, it was concentrated in vacuo. The residue was purified by means of a silica gel column (ammonia/methanol/DCM) to give compound 1 (0.56g, 0.7mmol, 39%).
C 48 H 95 NO 6 ,Ms m/z:[M+H + ]783； 1 H-NMR(300MHz,CDCl 3 )δ:ppm 4.08(4H, t)，3.48～3.42(3H,m)，2.75～2.32(6H,m)，2.30～2.00(2H,m)，1.80～1.50 (14H，m)，1.35～1.10(52H,m),0.92～0.78(12H，m)。
Example 2:
compound 2:
Figure BDA0003225589810000092
the chemical formula is as follows: c 48 H 95 NO 7
Molecular weight: 798.29
Compound B can be synthesized according to the representative route described in example 1.
C 48 H 95 NO 7 ,Ms m/z:[M+H + ]799； 1 H-NMR(300MHz,CDCl 3 )δ:ppm 4.12(4H, t)，3.50～3.40(4H,m)，2.62～2.32(6H,m)，2.30～2.00(2H,m)，1.70～1.35 (20H，m)，1.35～1.10(44H,m),0.95～0.80(12H，m)。
Example 3
Luciferase mRNA in vivo evaluation using lipid nanoparticle compositions
The cationic lipid, DSPC, cholesterol and PEG-lipid were dissolved in ethanol at a molar ratio of 50. Lipid Nanoparticles (LNPs) were prepared at a weight ratio of total lipid to mRNA of about 10. Briefly, mRNA was diluted to 0.15 mg/ml in 10ml to 50ml citrate buffer (pH = 4). The lipid ethanol solution and the mRNA aqueous solution were mixed using a syringe pump at a ratio of about 1 to 1 (volume/volume) in the range of 10ml/min or more for the total flow rate. The ethanol was then removed and the external buffer was replaced by PBS by dialysis. Finally, the lipid nanoparticles were filtered through a sterile filter of 0.2um pore size. The particle size of the lipid nanoparticles, as determined by quasielastic light scattering using a Malvern Zetasizer Nano ZS, is about 65-105nm in diameter, and in some cases, about 75-100 nm in diameter.
The study was carried out on 6-8 week old female C57BL/6 mice, 8-10 week old CD-1 mice, according to the guidelines set by the national institute of science and technology. Various doses of mRNA lipid nanoparticles were administered systemically by tail vein injection and animals were euthanized at specific time points (e.g., 5 hours) post-administration. Liver and spleen were collected in pre-weighed tubes, weighed, immediately snap frozen in liquid nitrogen, and stored at-80 ℃ until used for analysis.
For liver, approximately 50mg was cut for analysis in 2mL FastPrep tubes (MP Biomedicals, solon OH). 1/4 "ceramic spheres (MP Biomedicals) were added to each tube, and 500. Mu.L of Glo lysis buffer-GLB (Promega, madison Wis.) equilibrated to room temperature was added to the liver tissue. Liver tissue was homogenized using a FastPrep24 instrument (MP Biomedicals) at 2x6.0 m/s for 15 seconds. The homogenate was incubated at room temperature for 5 minutes, then diluted 1. Specifically, 50uL of the diluted tissue homogenate was reacted with 50uL of SteadyGlo substrate, shaken for 10 seconds, followed by incubation for 5 minutes, and then quantified using a SpectraMAX _ L chemiluminescence-type microplate reader (Meigu Mole Co., ltd.). The amount of the protein determined was determined by using BCA protein quantification kit (shanghai chromophil medical science and technology ltd). The Relative Luminescence Units (RLU) were then normalized to the total ug of protein assayed. To convert RLU to μ g luciferase, a standard curve was generated with QuantiLum recombinant luciferase (Promega).
Fluciferase protein will be expressed by Fluuc mRNA from Trilink Biotechnologies (L-6107), which was originally isolated from fireflies (Photinus pyralis). Fluc is commonly used in mammalian cell cultures to measure gene expression and cell viability. Which emits bioluminescence in the presence of the substrate luciferin. This capped and polyadenylated mRNA was completely replaced by 5-methylcytidine and pseudouridine.
Example 4
Determination of pKa of the prepared lipid
The pKa of the formulated cationic lipid correlates with the effect of the LNP used to deliver the nucleic acid. The preferred pKa range is from 5 to 7. The pKa of each cationic lipid was determined in lipid nanoparticles using an assay based on the fluorescence of 2- (p-toluidinyl) -6-naphthalenesulfonic acid (TNS). Lipid nanoparticles comprising cationic lipid/DSPC/cholesterol/PEG lipid (50/10/38/2 mol%) at a concentration of 0.4mM total lipid in PBS were prepared using an ordered method as described in example 3. TNS was prepared as a 100uM stock solution in distilled water. The vesicles were diluted to 24uM lipid in 2mL of buffer solution containing 10mM HEPES, 10mM MES, 10mM acetic acid, 130mM NaCl, pH 2.5-11. Aliquots of the TNS solution were added to give a final concentration of l uM, and after vortex mixing, the fluorescence intensity was measured in a SLM Aminco Series 2 luminescence spectrophotometer at room temperature using excitation and emission wavelengths of 321nm and 445 nm. Sigmoidal best fit analysis was applied to the fluorescence data and pKa was measured as the pH that produced half-maximal fluorescence intensity.
Example 5
Determination of potency of lipid nanoparticle formulations containing various cationic lipids using rodent models of luciferase mRNA expression in vivo
For comparison purposes, these lipids were also used to formulate lipid nanoparticles containing FLuc mRNA (L-6107) using an ordered mixing method, as described in example 3. Lipid nanoparticles were formulated using a molar ratio of 50% cationic lipid/10% Distearoylphosphatidylcholine (DSPC)/38% cholesterol/2% PEG lipid ("PEG-DMG", i.e., (1- (monomethoxy-mono-polyethylene glycol) -2, 3-dimyristoyl glycerol, average PEG molecular weight 2000) — as described in example 3, relative activity was determined by measuring luciferase expression in the liver 5 hours after administration via tail vein injection the activities were compared at doses of 0.3 and 1.0mg mRNA/kg and expressed as ng luciferase/g liver measured 5 hours after administration as described in example 3 examples 3 and 4 results are shown in table 2.
Table 2 comparison of lipids exhibiting Activity with mRNA
Figure BDA0003225589810000121
All possible combinations of the technical features of the above embodiments may not be described for the sake of brevity, but should be considered as within the scope of the present disclosure as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the patent disclosure. It should be noted that various changes and modifications can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the invention, and these changes and modifications are all within the scope of the invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.

Claims (14)

1. A compound having the following structure (I):
Figure FDA0003225589800000011
or a salt or isomer thereof or an N-oxide thereof, wherein:
R 1 、R 2 is independent hydrogen or hydroxyl, at least one of which is hydroxyl.
2. A composition comprising a compound of any one of claim 1 and a therapeutic and/or prophylactic agent.
3. The composition of claim 2, further comprising one or more excipients selected from the group consisting of neutral lipids, steroids, and polymer-conjugated lipids.
4. A composition as claimed in claim 3, wherein the neutral lipids of the component are selected from one or more of the following in admixture: 1, 2-distearoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DSPC), 1, 2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DPPC), 1, 2-dimyristoyl-sn-glycero-phosphocholine (DMPC), 1, 2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DOPC), 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (POPC), 1, 2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine (DOPE) and Sphingomyelin (SM).
5. The composition of claim 4, wherein the neutral lipid is DSPC.
6. A composition as claimed in any one of claims 3 to 5, wherein the steroid in the component is selected from a mixture of one or more of: cholesterol, coprosterol, sitosterol, ergosterol, campesterol, stigmasterol, brassicasterol, tomatidine, ursolic acid, and alpha-tocopherol.
7. The composition of claim 6, wherein the steroid is cholesterol.
8. The composition of claims 3-7, wherein the polymer-conjugated lipid in the component is a pegylated lipid.
9. The composition of claim 8, wherein the pegylated lipid is 1, 2-dimyristoyl-sn-glyceromethoxypolyethylene glycol (PEG-DMG).
10. The composition of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the therapeutic and/or prophylactic agent is a vaccine or compound capable of eliciting an immune response, including nucleic acids.
11. The composition of claim 10, wherein the nucleic acid is RNA selected from the group consisting of: siRNA, aiRNA, miRNA, dsRNA, shRNA, mRNA and mixtures thereof.
12. The composition of claim 11, wherein the RNA is mRNA.
13. A method of administering a therapeutic and/or prophylactic agent to a subject in need thereof, the method comprising preparing or providing a composition according to any one of the preceding claims, and administering the composition to the subject.
14. The subject of any one of the preceding claims is a mammal or a human.
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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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CN114890907A (en) * 2022-03-31 2022-08-12 荣灿生物医药技术(上海)有限公司 Cationic lipid compound and preparation method and application thereof
CN115925563A (en) * 2023-02-28 2023-04-07 清华大学 Lipid molecule for targeted lung delivery of nucleic acid and preparation method and application thereof

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WO2013086373A1 (en) * 2011-12-07 2013-06-13 Alnylam Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Lipids for the delivery of active agents
US10221127B2 (en) * 2015-06-29 2019-03-05 Acuitas Therapeutics, Inc. Lipids and lipid nanoparticle formulations for delivery of nucleic acids
AU2016343803B2 (en) * 2015-10-28 2021-04-29 Acuitas Therapeutics, Inc. Novel lipids and lipid nanoparticle formulations for delivery of nucleic acids
AU2018234692B2 (en) * 2017-03-15 2022-06-02 Modernatx, Inc. Compounds and compositions for intracellular delivery of therapeutic agents
EP3852732A1 (en) * 2018-09-19 2021-07-28 ModernaTX, Inc. Peg lipids and uses thereof

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114890907A (en) * 2022-03-31 2022-08-12 荣灿生物医药技术(上海)有限公司 Cationic lipid compound and preparation method and application thereof
WO2023186041A1 (en) * 2022-03-31 2023-10-05 荣灿生物医药技术(上海)有限公司 Cationic lipid compound, and preparation method therefor and use thereof
CN114890907B (en) * 2022-03-31 2023-10-31 荣灿生物医药技术(上海)有限公司 Cationic lipid compound and preparation method and application thereof
CN115925563A (en) * 2023-02-28 2023-04-07 清华大学 Lipid molecule for targeted lung delivery of nucleic acid and preparation method and application thereof

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