CN115707571A - Method for manufacturing pressure vessel, and joint for pressure vessel - Google Patents

Method for manufacturing pressure vessel, and joint for pressure vessel Download PDF

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Publication number
CN115707571A
CN115707571A CN202210931837.2A CN202210931837A CN115707571A CN 115707571 A CN115707571 A CN 115707571A CN 202210931837 A CN202210931837 A CN 202210931837A CN 115707571 A CN115707571 A CN 115707571A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
joint
pressure vessel
open end
structures
joint structures
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN202210931837.2A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
中岛智树
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Toyota Motor Corp
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Toyota Motor Corp
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Toyota Motor Corp filed Critical Toyota Motor Corp
Publication of CN115707571A publication Critical patent/CN115707571A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
    • F16J12/00—Pressure vessels in general
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
    • B29C70/68—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts by incorporating or moulding on preformed parts, e.g. inserts or layers, e.g. foam blocks
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C1/00—Pressure vessels, e.g. gas cylinder, gas tank, replaceable cartridge
    • F17C1/02—Pressure vessels, e.g. gas cylinder, gas tank, replaceable cartridge involving reinforcing arrangements
    • F17C1/04—Protecting sheathings
    • F17C1/06—Protecting sheathings built-up from wound-on bands or filamentary material, e.g. wires
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/01—Shape
    • F17C2201/0104—Shape cylindrical
    • F17C2201/0109—Shape cylindrical with exteriorly curved end-piece
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/05—Size
    • F17C2201/056—Small (<1 m3)
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
    • F17C2203/0602—Wall structures; Special features thereof
    • F17C2203/0604—Liners
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
    • F17C2203/0602—Wall structures; Special features thereof
    • F17C2203/0612—Wall structures
    • F17C2203/0614—Single wall
    • F17C2203/0619—Single wall with two layers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
    • F17C2203/0634—Materials for walls or layers thereof
    • F17C2203/0658—Synthetics
    • F17C2203/0663—Synthetics in form of fibers or filaments
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
    • F17C2205/03—Fluid connections, filters, valves, closure means or other attachments
    • F17C2205/0302—Fittings, valves, filters, or components in connection with the gas storage device
    • F17C2205/0305—Bosses, e.g. boss collars
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
    • F17C2221/01—Pure fluids
    • F17C2221/012—Hydrogen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2223/0107—Single phase
    • F17C2223/0123—Single phase gaseous, e.g. CNG, GNC
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/03—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
    • F17C2223/036—Very high pressure (>80 bar)
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/32—Hydrogen storage

Abstract

The invention provides a method for manufacturing a pressure vessel, and a joint for a pressure vessel. In a joint mounting step (S24), a plurality of joint structures (22) are fixed to each other to mount a joint (20) on the outer peripheral surface of an open end (14), and in a resin impregnation molding step (S26), resin is impregnated into a fiber layer while flowing through a groove (36) serving as a resin flow path provided in a contact portion of the plurality of joint structures (22) with the fiber layer.

Description

Method for manufacturing pressure vessel, and joint for pressure vessel
Technical Field
The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a pressure vessel, and a joint for a pressure vessel.
Background
Conventionally, a pressure vessel (also referred to as a high-pressure tank or the like) including a cylindrical liner and a reinforcing portion (reinforcing layer) formed using a carbon fiber reinforced resin (CFRP) and reinforcing the liner, which stores hydrogen therein, has been known (for example, see japanese patent laid-open No. 2020-112189). A joint is firmly attached to an end of the liner of the pressure vessel. That is, the protrusion provided at the joint bites into the reinforcement portion (reinforcement layer).
The pressure vessel described in jp 2020-112189 a includes: a liner filled with a gas; a reinforcing layer formed using a fiber-reinforced resin in contact with an outer surface of the liner and covering the liner from the outside; and a joint mounted on the liner. The joint is formed in a ring shape and includes: a plurality of joint body parts having locking claws (protruding parts) protruding toward the reinforcing layer side and arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction; and a beam portion that connects the plurality of joint main body portions adjacent in the circumferential direction. The joint is attached to the liner in a state where the beam portion is deformed to lock the locking claws (projecting portions) of the plurality of joint main body portions to the reinforcement layer.
The pressure vessel can be manufactured by, for example, a Fiber Winding (FW) method in which a sheet-like fiber-reinforced Resin is bonded to a liner (jp 2020-112189), a Resin Transfer Molding (RTM) method in which a sheet-like fiber (bundle) is bonded to a liner and then the Resin is impregnated (jp 2020-085199), or the like.
Disclosure of Invention
As described above, the joint of the pressure vessel disclosed in japanese patent application laid-open No. 2020-112189 is formed in a circular ring by the joint main body portion, which is a rigid portion formed with a screw groove, and the beam portion, which is a thin portion that allows deformation. Then, in order to perform assembly from the outside of the CFRP, the cross beam portion as the thin portion is deformed to reduce the inner diameter, and the locking claw (projecting portion) of the joint body portion as the rigid body portion is caulked and fixed to the CFRP.
However, in the joint for a pressure vessel described in japanese patent application laid-open No. 2020-112189, when the matrix resin of the CFRP is deformed in a high-temperature environment, the thin portion allows deformation (diameter reduction) inward, and therefore, there is a possibility that the screwing of the thread groove provided in the joint main body portion and the fastening portion (manifold) may be loosened.
In order to address such a concern, it is considered to form a joint (circular ring) by only a plurality of rigid portions arranged in the circumferential direction, in other words, to divide the joint formed by the rigid portions in the circumferential direction (see japanese patent application laid-open No. 2021-076174, japanese patent application laid-open No. 62-297586, and japanese patent application laid-open No. 2004-028816).
For example, a pressure vessel described in japanese patent application laid-open No. 2021-076174 includes: a container body having a cylindrical open end portion at least on one end side and filled with a gas; a covering part made of fiber reinforced resin for covering the outer surface of the container body; the cylindrical joint is configured by connecting a plurality of joint bodies having projections on inner surfaces thereof in a circumferential direction of an open end portion, wherein the projections are fitted to an outer circumferential surface of the open end portion by being engaged with a covering portion covering the outer circumferential surface of the open end portion, and the joint is connected by fitting portions formed at circumferential ends of the joint bodies.
However, in the joint for a pressure vessel described in jp 2021-076174, since only the fitting portion formed at the end portion in the circumferential direction of the joint main body is fitted, there is room for causing inward deformation (diameter reduction) when the matrix resin of the CFRP is deformed in a high-temperature environment.
In addition, when a pressure vessel is manufactured by an RTM method in which a joint is assembled from the outside of fibers (bundles) by winding the fibers (bundles) around a liner and then impregnating resin, the joint is constituted by only a rigid body portion, and there are problems as follows: without a resin flow path, it is difficult for resin to impregnate to the inlet side and the opposite side of the RTM mold.
In view of the above circumstances, an object of the present invention is to provide a method of manufacturing a pressure vessel, and a joint for a pressure vessel, which can suppress inward deformation (diameter reduction) of the joint, suppress thread loosening between the joint and a fastening portion (manifold), and improve resin impregnation performance at the time of RTM.
In order to achieve the above object, a method for manufacturing a pressure vessel according to the present invention includes: a fiber winding step of winding fibers around an outer surface of a liner having a cylindrical open end and filled with a gas to form a fiber layer; a joint mounting step of mounting a tubular joint, which is configured by arranging a plurality of joint structures in a circumferential direction of the open end, on an outer peripheral surface of the open end in a state in which inner surfaces of the joint structures are in contact with the fiber layer formed on the outer peripheral surface of the open end; and a resin impregnation molding step of impregnating the fiber layer with a resin to form a fiber-reinforced resin cover portion covering an outer surface of the liner, wherein in the joint attachment step, the joint is attached to an outer peripheral surface of the open end portion by fixing the plurality of joint structures to each other, and in the resin impregnation molding step, the resin is impregnated into the fiber layer while flowing through a groove serving as a resin flow path provided at a contact portion of the plurality of joint structures with the fiber layer.
In a preferred aspect, the groove is provided from one end portion to the other end portion of the joint structure in the axial direction.
In another preferred mode, the groove is provided along an axial direction of the joint structure.
In another preferred aspect, the groove is provided at a contact portion of adjacent joint structures.
In another preferred aspect, in the joint mounting step, the plurality of joint structures are fixed to each other with end portions of adjacent joint structures in the circumferential direction in contact with each other.
In another preferred aspect, in the joint mounting step, the plurality of joint structures are fixed to each other by caulking, and in the caulking, an insertion projection provided on one of the adjacent joint structures is inserted into an insertion hole provided on the other of the adjacent joint structures, and a portion of the insertion projection protruding from the insertion hole is pressed and deformed to be widened.
In another preferred aspect, in the joint mounting step, the plurality of joint structures are fixed to each other by bolt fastening.
Further, the pressure vessel of the present invention includes: a liner having a cylindrical open end and filled with a gas; a cover made of fiber reinforced resin for covering the outer surface of the liner; and a tubular joint configured by disposing a plurality of joint structures in a circumferential direction of the open end portion, and attached to an outer peripheral surface of the open end portion in a state in which inner surfaces of the plurality of joint structures are in contact with the covering portion covering the outer peripheral surface of the open end portion, wherein the joint is attached to the outer peripheral surface of the open end portion by fixing the plurality of joint structures to each other, and a groove serving as a resin flow passage is provided in a contact portion of the plurality of joint structures with the covering portion.
In a preferred aspect, the groove is provided from one end portion to the other end portion in the axial direction of the joint structure.
In another preferred mode, the groove is provided along an axial direction of the joint structure.
In another preferred embodiment, the groove is provided at a contact portion of the adjacent joint structures.
In another preferred aspect, in the joint, the plurality of joint structures are fixed to each other in a state in which end portions in the circumferential direction of the adjacent joint structures are brought into contact with each other.
In another preferred aspect, in the joint, the plurality of joint structures are fixed to each other by caulking, and in the caulking, an insertion projection provided on one of the adjacent joint structures is inserted into an insertion hole provided on the other of the adjacent joint structures, and a portion of the insertion projection protruding from the insertion hole is pressed and deformed to be widened.
In another preferred aspect, in the joint, the plurality of joint structures are fixed to each other by bolting.
Further, a joint for a pressure vessel according to the present invention is used for a pressure vessel, and the pressure vessel includes: a liner having a cylindrical open end and filled with a gas; and a covering portion made of fiber reinforced resin covering an outer surface of the liner, wherein the joint is configured by disposing a plurality of joint structures in a circumferential direction of the open end portion, and has a tubular shape capable of being attached to an outer peripheral surface of the open end portion in a state where inner surfaces of the plurality of joint structures are in contact with the covering portion covering the outer peripheral surface of the open end portion, the joint is attachable to the outer peripheral surface of the open end portion by fixing the plurality of joint structures to each other, and a groove serving as a resin flow path is provided in a contact portion of the plurality of joint structures with the covering portion.
According to the present invention, by forming the joint as a split structure of the joint structure as a rigid body portion, it is possible to suppress the deformation (diameter reduction) of the joint inward to suppress the screw loosening between the joint and the fastening portion (manifold) while providing a structure necessary for attaching the joint to the pressure vessel, and it is possible to improve the resin impregnation performance at the time of RTM by providing the groove as a resin flow path in the contact portion (inner surface of the joint structure) between the joint structure and the fiber layer (covering portion).
Further, for example, compared with a joint formed of an integral member, since the shape is simple, the joint is easy to manufacture, and resin is also easy to impregnate.
Drawings
Features, advantages, and technical and industrial significance of exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which like reference numerals represent like elements, and wherein:
fig. 1 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of an opening end side of a pressure vessel according to the present embodiment.
Fig. 2 is an enlarged perspective view of the open end side of the pressure vessel according to the present embodiment.
Fig. 3 is a perspective view showing a joint according to the present embodiment.
Fig. 4 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the locking claw of the joint according to the present embodiment.
Fig. 5 is a sectional view taken along line V-V in fig. 2.
Fig. 6 is a process diagram illustrating a method of manufacturing a pressure vessel (RTM method) according to the present embodiment.
Fig. 7 is an enlarged perspective view showing the open end side of the pressure vessel according to the present embodiment, and shows a state before the joint is fixed (before the tightening portion is screwed).
Fig. 8 is an enlarged front view of the opening end portion side of the pressure vessel according to the present embodiment, and shows a state before the joint is fixed (before the fastening portion is screwed).
Fig. 9 is an enlarged perspective view showing the open end side of the pressure vessel according to the present embodiment, and shows a state after the joint is fixed (after the tightening portion is screwed).
Fig. 10 is an enlarged front view of the open end portion side of the pressure vessel according to the present embodiment, and shows a state after the joint is fixed (after the fastening portion is screwed).
Fig. 11 is a perspective view showing another example of the joint according to the present embodiment.
Detailed Description
Hereinafter, embodiments according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. For convenience of explanation, arrow S, arrow R, and arrow C shown in the drawings are assumed to be axial, radial, and circumferential directions of the pressure vessel 10, respectively, and the pressure vessel 10, respectively. Therefore, in the following description, when the axial direction, the radial direction, and the circumferential direction are described without particular description, the axial direction, the radial direction, and the circumferential direction of the pressure vessel 10 (including the opening end portion 14 described later) are respectively indicated.
(schematic structure of pressure vessel)
As shown in fig. 1, the pressure vessel 10 according to the present embodiment constitutes a part of a tank module (not shown) mounted on a fuel cell vehicle (not shown). The tank module is configured to include a plurality of pressure vessels 10 connected to each other via a fastening portion 18 and the like described later.
The pressure vessel 10 is configured to include: an inner liner 12 as a container body filled with gaseous hydrogen inside; a reinforcing layer 16 as a covering portion for reinforcing the liner 12 by covering the outer surface of the liner 12 from the outside; and cylindrical joints 20 attached to the outer peripheral surfaces of the cylindrical open end portions 14 formed at both ends of the liner 12 via the reinforcing layer 16.
The liner 12 is formed in a substantially cylindrical shape using a resin material such as a polyamide synthetic resin. More specifically, the liner 12 has: a cylindrical body portion 12A having a constant inner diameter and constant outer diameter at an intermediate portion of the liner 12 in the longitudinal direction (axial direction); shoulder portions 12B are formed on both sides of the liner 12 in the longitudinal direction (axial direction) and are tapered toward the opposite side (axially outward side) from the body portion 12A.
The liner 12 has cylindrical open end portions 14, and the open end portions 14 constitute both end portions (portions on the axially outer side than the shoulder portion 12B) in the longitudinal direction (axial direction) of the liner 12, and are formed to have substantially constant inner and outer diameters smaller than the body portion 12A and the shoulder portion 12B.
The reinforcing layer 16 is made of a fiber-reinforced resin, and is formed by winding a plurality of layers of reinforcing (reinforcing) fibers (bundles) around the entire outer surface of the liner 12 and impregnating the wound fibers (layers) with a resin. The thickness of the reinforcing layer 16 is configured to increase from the body 12A side of the liner 12 toward the open end 14 side. In the reinforcing layer 16, the outer diameter of a portion corresponding to the opening end portion 14 of the liner 12 is substantially constant. In the present embodiment, a carbon fiber reinforced resin (CFRP) is used as an example of the fiber reinforced resin (FRP).
Further, a joint 20 is attached to the open end 14 of the liner 12 covered with the reinforcing layer 16 from above the reinforcing layer 16. Then, the fastening portion 18 is attached to the joint 20. Thereby, the one open end portion 14 of the liner 12 is closed by the fastening portion 18, and the other open end portion (not shown) of the liner 12 is connected to the other pressure vessel 10 via the fastening portion (not shown). In addition, fig. 1 shows the open end 14 of the liner 12 on the side closed by the fastening portion 18.
(Structure of Joint)
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the joint 20 is formed in a cylindrical shape (annular shape) using a metal material. Specifically, the joint 20 is configured by a plurality of (four in the present embodiment) joint structures 22 arranged in the circumferential direction. The joint structure 22 extends in the axial direction with the radial direction as the thickness direction, and is formed in a plate shape that is bent outward in the radial direction when viewed in the axial direction.
The axially outer end surface of the joint structure 22 has a flat surface 23 flush with the end surface of the open end 14 (reinforcing layer 16), and a flange portion 24 bent radially outward is integrally formed at the axially inner end of the joint structure 22. The flange portion 24 of each joint structure 22 is formed in a substantially regular octagonal shape when viewed from the axial direction after assembly (see fig. 10).
As shown in fig. 1 and 3, a plurality of locking claws 26 as projections are formed on the inner peripheral surface (inner surface) of each joint structure 22, and the inner peripheral surface of each joint structure 22 is knurled by the plurality of locking claws 26. Each locking claw 26 is formed in a saw-tooth shape having a sharp distal end side (radially inner side) in the protruding direction in a cross section taken along the axial direction and the radial direction.
More specifically, as shown in fig. 4, the surface of each locking claw 26 facing the main body portion 12A of the liner 12 is an inclined surface 26A that is inclined outward in the axial direction as it goes inward in the radial direction. The surface of each locking claw 26 opposite to the surface facing the body portion 12A of the liner 12 is a vertical surface 26B along the radial direction.
The portion where the inclined surface 26A intersects the vertical surface 26B serves as a tip end portion 26C of each locking claw 26. The structure is as follows: the tip end portion 26C of each locking claw 26 bites (locks) into the outer peripheral portion of the reinforcing layer 16 covering the outer peripheral surface of the open end portion 14, whereby the joint 20 is firmly (non-rotatably) attached to the open end portion 14.
As shown in fig. 1 and 5, a thread groove 28 is formed on the outer peripheral surface (outer surface) of the joint structure 22 (the thread groove 28 is omitted in fig. 2 and 3). The structure is as follows: the screw groove 28 forms a helical male screw portion 29 along the circumferential direction and the axial direction when the joint 20 is attached to the open end portion 14 (when the joint structures 22 are coupled and fixed). The female screw 19 of the tightening unit 18 described later is screwed into the male screw 29.
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, a connection and fixation portion 30 for connecting and fixing the joint structures 22 in the circumferential direction is formed at an end portion of each joint structure 22 in the circumferential direction. In the present embodiment, the connection and fixation portion 30 is configured as a caulking fixation portion that connects and fixes the plurality of joint structures 22 arranged in the circumferential direction to each other. The connection fixing portion 30 is constituted by a caulking hole 32 as an insertion hole formed in an end portion in the circumferential direction of one of the joint structures 22 adjacent in the circumferential direction of the joint 20, and a caulking projection 34 as an insertion projection formed in an end portion in the circumferential direction of the other of the joint structures 22 adjacent in the circumferential direction of the joint 20.
More specifically, the joint 20 of the present embodiment is configured by four joint structures including a pair of upper and lower (a pair of upper and lower) joint structures formed in the same shape and a pair of left and right (a pair of left and right) joint structures formed in the same shape.
At circumferential (i.e., left and right) end portions (four positions) of the vertically paired joint structures 22, outer peripheral sides of axially inner and outer end portions are cut out to form a flat surface. The staking holes 32 are formed in the fixing portions 33 (eight portions in total) formed in the planar shape (see fig. 7 and 8).
The caulking projections 34 are formed so as to protrude upward or downward (eight positions in total) at the axial inner and outer end portions at the circumferential (i.e., upper and lower) end portions (four positions) of the left and right paired joint structures 22 (see fig. 7 and 8). The vertical length of the staking protrusion 34 is longer than the vertical depth (length) of the staking hole 32.
Then, the caulking projections 34 of the adjacent one of the joint structures 22 (the upper and lower joint structures 22 in the present embodiment) are inserted into the caulking holes 32 of the adjacent one of the joint structures 22 (the left and right joint structures 22 in the present embodiment), the distal end portions of the caulking projections 34 protruding from the caulking holes 32 are pressed and deformed to widen (to a diameter larger than that of the caulking holes 32), and the widened deformed portions 35 are pressed against the periphery of the caulking holes 32 of the fixing portion 33 (in other words, the fixing portion 33 is held by being pinched by the two widened deformed portions 35 provided at the axially inner and outer end portions), whereby the joint structures 22 are coupled and fixed in the circumferential direction (see fig. 9 and 10). That is, the cylindrical joint 20 is formed.
The structure is as follows: when the caulking projections 34 are inserted into the caulking holes 32 and the joint structures 22 are coupled and fixed to each other in the circumferential direction, an end (surface) 22A in the circumferential direction of one adjacent joint structure 22 abuts on an end (surface) 22B in the circumferential direction of the other adjacent joint structure 22. In other words, the following structure is obtained: no gap is formed between an end (surface) 22A in the circumferential direction of one adjacent joint structure 22 and an end (surface) 22B in the circumferential direction of the other adjacent joint structure 22 (see fig. 7 to 10).
As shown in fig. 2, 3, and 5, a plurality of (four in the present embodiment) grooves 36 that serve as resin flow paths in a manufacturing process described later are formed in the inner peripheral surface (inner surface) of the joint 20.
More specifically, the groove 36 is formed linearly (in the axial direction) from an axially inward end (one end) to an axially outward end (the other end) on the inner peripheral surface (inner surface) of the joint 20. The groove 36 is formed in a concave shape when viewed in the axial direction. In addition, in the present embodiment, the grooves 36 are provided at contact portions (four places) of the end portions in the circumferential direction (i.e., the left and right) of the pair of upper and lower joint structures 22 and the end portions in the circumferential direction (i.e., the upper and lower) of the pair of left and right joint structures 22, that is, at contact portions of (end portions in the circumferential direction of) the joint structures 22 adjacent in the circumferential direction of the joint 20.
The groove 36 is provided in an inner peripheral portion (inner surface) of the joint structure 22 that is in contact with the fiber layer (formed on the outer surface of the open end 14 of the liner 12) when the joint 20 is attached to the open end 14, and serves as a resin flow path through which a molten resin (matrix resin) flows in a resin impregnation molding step of a manufacturing step described later.
(Process for producing pressure vessel)
Next, a process of manufacturing the pressure vessel 10 according to the present embodiment, in particular, a process of attaching the joint 20 according to the present embodiment to the open end portion 14 of the liner 12 will be described.
The manufacturing process of the present embodiment is a process of manufacturing the pressure vessel 10 by the RTM method, and includes, as an example shown in fig. 6, a liner forming process (S21), a filament winding process (S22), a joint arranging process (S23), a joint mounting process (S24), a fastening portion mounting process (S25), a resin impregnation molding process (S26), and a CFRP forming process (S26).
First, a substantially cylindrical liner 12 is formed (liner forming step: S21).
Subsequently, a sheet-like fiber (bundle) is wound around the outer surface of the liner 12 (fiber winding step S22). As an example of the fiber, carbon Fiber (CF) is used. By winding fibers (bundles) around the liner 12, a fiber layer 17 is formed on the outer surface of the liner 12 (fig. 7 to 10). At this time, the fibers (bundles) are wound so that the thickness of the fiber layer 17 at the open end 14 is thicker than the main body portion 12A and the shoulder portion 12B.
The liner forming step (S21) and the fiber winding step (S22) may be collectively referred to as an intermediate preparation step of preparing an intermediate body in which fibers (bundles) are wound around the outer surface of the liner 12.
Then, as shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, a tab 20 is disposed on the outer peripheral side of the opening end 14 of the liner 12 (outer peripheral side of the fiber layer 17) (tab disposing step: S23). That is, a plurality of joint structures 22 constituting the joint 20 are arranged in the circumferential direction of the open end portion 14 (the thread groove 28 is omitted in fig. 7). Thus, the distal end portions 26C of the plurality of locking claws 26 formed in each joint structure 22 of the joint 20 are arranged to face (with a gap) the outer peripheral surface of the fiber layer 17.
Next, as shown in fig. 9 and 10, the joint 20 (the plurality of joint structures 22 constituting the joint 20) is brought into close proximity (caulking) to the fiber layer 17, and the joint fixing portions 30 of the joint 20 are fixed and connected, thereby reducing the diameter of the joint 20 (joint mounting step S24) (the screw groove 28 is omitted in fig. 9). That is, the left and right paired joint structures 22 are moved radially inward, and (the plurality of locking claws 26 of) the inner peripheral surfaces thereof are pressed against the outer peripheral portions of the fiber layers 17 (in the left-right direction) and held. Next, the paired upper and lower tab structures 22 are moved radially inward, and while the caulking projections 34 of the left and right tab structures 22 are inserted into the caulking holes 32 of the upper and lower tab structures 22, (the plurality of locking claws 26 of) the inner peripheral surfaces of the paired upper and lower tab structures 22 are pressed against the outer peripheral portion of the fiber layer 17 (from the up-down direction) and held. Then, the tip portion of the caulking projection 34 protruding from the caulking hole 32 is pressed and deformed to widen the tip portion (to a diameter larger than the caulking hole 32), and the widened deformed portion 35 is pressed against the periphery of the caulking hole 32 of the fixing portion 33 (in other words, the fixing portion 33 is held by being pinched by two widened deformed portions 35 provided at the axially inner and outer ends). As a result, each of the joint structures 22 moves (shrinks) radially inward, the circumferential end portion (surface) 22A of one adjacent joint structure 22 abuts against the circumferential end portion (surface) 22B of the other adjacent joint structure 22, and the adjacent joint structures 22 are coupled and fixed to each other, and the plurality of locking claws 26 bite into the fiber layer 17. Thus, the joint 20 is attached to the open end 14 of the liner 12 via the fiber layer 17.
In the fitting attachment step (S24) of attaching the cylindrical fitting 20 to the outer peripheral surface of the open end portion 14, there is a possibility that: when the joint 20 (the plurality of joint structures 22 constituting the joint 20) is caulked to the fiber layer 17, the fibers are sandwiched by the circumferential ends of the joint structures 22, and the joint 20 (the plurality of joint structures 22 constituting the joint 20) cannot be sufficiently press-fitted. In the present embodiment, by setting the grooves 36 at the contact portions of (the ends in the circumferential direction of) the joint structures 22 adjacent in the circumferential direction of the joint 20, the joint 20 (the plurality of joint structures 22 constituting the joint 20) can be caulked without sandwiching the fiber by the ends in the circumferential direction of each joint structure 22.
When the joint 20 is attached to the open end portion 14, a helical male screw portion 29 is formed by a screw groove 28 formed in the outer peripheral portion of each joint structure 22. Therefore, the fastening portion 18 can be attached to the open end portion 14 of the liner 12 by screwing the spiral female screw portion 19 formed in the fastening portion 18 to the male screw portion 29 (fastening portion attaching step: S25).
The reinforcing layer 16 made of a fiber-reinforced resin is molded by placing the liner 12 having the tab 20 and the tightening part 18 attached to the open end 14 in a mold, and injecting a resin into the mold to impregnate the fiber layer 17 with the resin (resin impregnation molding step: S26).
In the present embodiment, by setting the groove 36 on the inner peripheral surface (the portion in contact with the fiber layer 17) of the joint 20, in the resin impregnation molding step (S26) of impregnating the fiber layer 17 with resin to form the reinforcing layer 16, the resin (matrix resin) flows through the groove 36, so that the resin from the inlet side to the opposite side of the RTM mold can be smoothly and substantially uniformly impregnated, and the plurality of locking claws 26 are locked to the reinforcing layer 16.
The liner 12 with the reinforcing layer 16 formed thereon is removed (demolded) from the mold, whereby the pressure vessel 10 can be manufactured (CFRP forming step: S27).
(action and Effect of the present embodiment)
The method for manufacturing the pressure vessel 10 according to the present embodiment described above includes: a fiber winding step (S22) in which fibers are wound around the outer surface of a liner (12) to form a fiber layer, the liner (22) having a cylindrical open end (14) and being filled with a gas; a joint mounting step (S24) of mounting a tubular joint 20, which is configured by arranging a plurality of joint structures 22 in the circumferential direction of the open end 14, on the outer peripheral surface of the open end 14, in a state in which the inner surfaces of the plurality of joint structures 22 are in contact with the fiber layer formed on the outer peripheral surface of the open end 14; and a resin impregnation molding step (S26) of impregnating the fiber layer with a resin to form a fiber-reinforced resin reinforcing layer (covering portion) 16 covering the outer surface of the liner 12, wherein in the tab attaching step (S24), the tab 20 is attached to the outer peripheral surface of the open end portion 14 by fixing the plurality of tab structures 22 to each other, and in the resin impregnation molding step (S26), the resin is impregnated into the fiber layer while flowing through a groove 36 serving as a resin flow path provided in a contact portion of the plurality of tab structures 22 with which the fiber layer is in contact.
In other words, the method of manufacturing the pressure vessel 10 having the joint 20 according to the present embodiment includes: an intermediate preparation step of preparing an intermediate in which fibers are wound around the liner 12; a joint mounting step (S24) of mounting the joint 20 to the intermediate body; and a resin impregnation molding step (S26) of impregnating a resin into the fiber layer of the intermediate body after the joint mounting step (S24), wherein the joint 20 is composed of a plurality of joint structures 22 arranged in the circumferential direction, and is mounted to the intermediate body by fixing the plurality of joint structures 22 to each other, and grooves 36 serving as resin flow paths are provided in contact portions of the plurality of joint structures 22 with the intermediate body.
In addition, the pressure vessel 10 of the present embodiment includes: a liner 12 having a cylindrical open end 14 and filled with a gas; a reinforcing layer (cover) 16 made of fiber-reinforced resin for covering the outer surface of the liner 12; and a tubular joint 20 configured by arranging a plurality of joint structures 22 in a circumferential direction of the open end 14, and attached to an outer circumferential surface of the open end 14 in a state in which inner surfaces of the plurality of joint structures 22 are in contact with the reinforcing layer (covering portion) 16 covering the outer circumferential surface of the open end 14, wherein the joint 20 is attached to the outer circumferential surface of the open end 14 by fixing the plurality of joint structures 22 to each other, and a groove 36 serving as a resin flow path is provided in a contact portion of the plurality of joint structures 22 with the reinforcing layer (covering portion) 16.
The joint 20 for the pressure vessel 10 according to the present embodiment is used for the pressure vessel 10, and the pressure vessel 10 includes: a liner 12 having a cylindrical open end 14 and filled with a gas; and a reinforcing layer (covering portion) 16 made of fiber-reinforced resin and covering the outer surface of the liner 12, wherein the joint 20 is configured by arranging a plurality of joint structures 22 in the circumferential direction of the open end portion 14, and has a cylindrical shape capable of being attached to the outer circumferential surface of the open end portion 14 in a state where the inner surfaces of the plurality of joint structures 22 are in contact with the reinforcing layer (covering portion) 16 covering the outer circumferential surface of the open end portion 14, the joint 20 is attachable to the outer circumferential surface of the open end portion 14 by fixing the plurality of joint structures 22 to each other, and a groove 36 serving as a resin flow path is provided in a contact portion of the plurality of joint structures 22 with the reinforcing layer (covering portion) 16.
That is, in the present embodiment, the joint 20 is divided, and the ends in the circumferential direction of each joint structure 22 are brought into contact when the assembly is performed from the CFRP outer side, whereby the rigidity (no diameter reduction) as a circular ring is ensured.
According to the present embodiment, by forming the joint 20 as a split structure of the joint structure 22 as a rigid body portion (specifically, a circular structure in which a plurality of joint structures 22 arranged in a split manner in the circumferential direction are fixed to each other), it is possible to provide a structure necessary for attaching the joint 20 to a pressure vessel, suppress inward deformation (diameter reduction) of the joint 20, and suppress loosening of the screw threads of the joint 20 and the fastening portion 18 (manifold), and by providing the groove 36 as a resin flow path at the contact portion (inner surface of the joint structure 22) between the joint structure 22 and the fiber layer 17 (covering portion), it is possible to improve resin impregnation at RTM (in other words, it is possible to impregnate the fiber layer 17 with resin efficiently at RTM).
Further, since the shape is simple as compared with a joint made of an integral member, for example, the joint 20 is easily manufactured and resin is easily impregnated.
More specifically, by setting the groove 36 on the inner peripheral surface of the joint 20 (the portion in contact with the fiber layer 17), and allowing the resin (matrix resin) to flow through the groove 36, the resin impregnation property from the inlet side to the opposite side of the RTM mold can be improved.
In addition, there is the possibility of: when the tab 20 (the plurality of tab structures 22 constituting the tab 20) is crimped to the fiber layer 17, the fibers are sandwiched by the circumferential ends of the respective tab structures 22, and the tab 20 (the plurality of tab structures 22 constituting the tab 20) cannot be sufficiently press-fitted. In the present embodiment, by setting the grooves 36 at the contact portions of (the ends in the circumferential direction of) the joint structures 22 adjacent in the circumferential direction of the joint 20, the joint 20 (the plurality of joint structures 22 constituting the joint 20) can be caulked without the fiber being sandwiched by the ends in the circumferential direction of each joint structure 22.
The pressure vessel 10 according to the present embodiment has been described above with reference to the drawings, but the pressure vessel 10 according to the present embodiment is not limited to the illustrated structure, and design changes can be appropriately made within a range not departing from the gist of the present invention. For example, the liner 12 may have a cylindrical open end portion 14 at least at one end side.
The gas filled in the liner 12 is not limited to hydrogen. For example, a gas such as helium or nitrogen may be filled in the liner 12. The reinforcing layer 16 is not limited to being made of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastic (CFRP) as long as it is made of FRP.
The number of the joint structures 22 constituting the joint 20 is not limited to four as shown in the figure. The number of joint structures 22 constituting the joint 20 may be appropriately designed and changed in accordance with the outer diameter of the open end portion 14 (including the thickness of the reinforcing layer 16) and the length of the joint structures 22 in the circumferential direction.
The connection and fixation portion 30 for connecting and fixing the plurality of joint structures 22 constituting the joint 20 to each other is not limited to the caulking fixation illustrated in the drawings. For example, the plurality of joint structures 22 may be attached to the outer peripheral surface of the open end 14 by fastening and fixing the joint structures to each other by fastening with bolts, welding, or adhesion. Fig. 11 shows an example in which a plurality of joint structures 22 are connected and fixed to each other by bolt fastening to form a cylindrical joint 20, and shows an example in which bolts 38 are used instead of the caulking projections 34 and the widened deformation portions 35 of fig. 3. Alternatively, a bolt may be formed (projected) instead of the caulking projection 34 of fig. 3, a nut may be disposed on the fixing portion 33 side, and the bolt and the nut may be fastened and fixed. In the case of the joint division structure as described above, if the ring (joint) is not fixed, the diameter cannot be reduced inward but can be moved outward. In particular, in a state where the joint 20 is assembled to the fiber layer 17 before RTM, there is no binding force and there is a possibility that the joint may be randomly detached before being placed in the RTM mold. Therefore, a method of fixing the joint split structure such as caulking, bolt, or the like as described above is required.
The number of grooves 36 provided on the inner surface of the joint 20 is not limited to four as shown. The shape and position of the groove 36 provided on the inner surface of the joint 20 are not limited to those shown in the drawings.

Claims (15)

1. A method for manufacturing a pressure vessel, comprising the steps of:
a fiber winding step of winding fibers around an outer surface of a liner having a cylindrical open end and filled with a gas to form a fiber layer;
a joint mounting step of mounting a tubular joint, which is configured by arranging a plurality of joint structures in a circumferential direction of the open end, on an outer peripheral surface of the open end in a state in which inner surfaces of the joint structures are in contact with the fiber layer formed on the outer peripheral surface of the open end; and
a resin impregnation molding step of impregnating the fiber layer with a resin to form a covering portion made of a fiber-reinforced resin covering the outer surface of the liner,
in the terminal mounting step, the terminal is mounted on the outer peripheral surface of the open end by fixing the plurality of terminal structures to each other,
in the resin impregnation molding step, the resin is impregnated into the fiber layers while flowing through grooves serving as resin flow paths provided in contact portions of the plurality of joint structures that are in contact with the fiber layers.
2. The method of manufacturing a pressure vessel according to claim 1,
the groove is provided from one end portion to the other end portion in the axial direction of the joint structure.
3. The method of manufacturing a pressure vessel according to claim 2,
the groove is provided along an axial direction of the joint structure.
4. The method of manufacturing a pressure vessel according to claim 1,
the grooves are provided at contact portions of adjacent joint structures.
5. The method of manufacturing a pressure vessel according to claim 1,
in the joint mounting step, the plurality of joint structures are fixed to each other with the circumferential ends of the adjacent joint structures in contact with each other.
6. The method of manufacturing a pressure vessel according to claim 1,
in the joint mounting step, the plurality of joint structures are fixed to each other by caulking, and in the caulking, an insertion projection provided on one of the adjacent joint structures is inserted into an insertion hole provided on the other of the adjacent joint structures, and a portion of the insertion projection protruding from the insertion hole is pressed and deformed to widen.
7. The method of manufacturing a pressure vessel according to claim 1,
in the joint mounting step, the plurality of joint structures are fixed to each other by bolt fastening.
8. A pressure vessel, comprising:
a liner having a cylindrical open end and filled with a gas;
a cover made of fiber reinforced resin for covering the outer surface of the liner; and
a tubular joint configured by arranging a plurality of joint structures in a circumferential direction of the open end portion, and attached to an outer circumferential surface of the open end portion in a state in which inner surfaces of the plurality of joint structures are in contact with the covering portion covering the outer circumferential surface of the open end portion,
the pressure vessel is characterized in that it is,
the joint is attached to the outer peripheral surface of the open end portion by fixing a plurality of the joint structures to each other,
grooves serving as resin flow paths are provided in contact portions of the plurality of joint structures with the covering portions.
9. The pressure vessel of claim 8,
the groove is provided from one end portion to the other end portion in the axial direction of the joint structure.
10. The pressure vessel of claim 9,
the groove is provided along an axial direction of the joint structure.
11. The pressure vessel of claim 8,
the grooves are provided at contact portions of adjacent joint structures.
12. The pressure vessel of claim 8,
in the joint, the plurality of joint structures are fixed to each other in a state in which end portions in the circumferential direction of the adjacent joint structures are brought into contact.
13. The pressure vessel of claim 8,
in the joint, the plurality of joint structures are fixed to each other by caulking, and in the caulking, an insertion projection provided on one of the adjacent joint structures is inserted into an insertion hole provided on the other of the adjacent joint structures, and a portion of the insertion projection protruding from the insertion hole is pressed and deformed to be widened.
14. The pressure vessel of claim 8,
in the joint, the joint structural bodies are fixed to each other by bolting.
15. A joint for a pressure vessel, the pressure vessel comprising: a liner having a cylindrical open end and filled with a gas; and a covering part made of fiber reinforced resin for covering the outer surface of the lining, wherein the joint is characterized in that,
a plurality of joint structures disposed in a circumferential direction of the open end portion, the joint having a cylindrical shape capable of being attached to an outer circumferential surface of the open end portion in a state where inner surfaces of the plurality of joint structures are in contact with the covering portion covering the outer circumferential surface of the open end portion,
the joint is attachable to an outer peripheral surface of the open end portion by fixing the plurality of joint structures to each other,
grooves serving as resin flow paths are provided in contact portions of the plurality of joint structures with the covering portions.
CN202210931837.2A 2021-08-18 2022-08-04 Method for manufacturing pressure vessel, and joint for pressure vessel Pending CN115707571A (en)

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JPS62297586A (en) 1986-06-16 1987-12-24 川崎製鉄株式会社 Pipe connecting structure
JP3843047B2 (en) 2002-06-26 2006-11-08 大阪瓦斯株式会社 Gas meter connection structure and connection adapter used therefor
JP7040425B2 (en) 2018-11-29 2022-03-23 トヨタ自動車株式会社 Manufacturing method of high pressure tank
JP7127547B2 (en) 2019-01-09 2022-08-30 トヨタ自動車株式会社 pressure vessel
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