CN115706432A - Power management system, mobile device and power management method - Google Patents
Power management system, mobile device and power management method Download PDFInfo
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- CN115706432A CN115706432A CN202110909684.7A CN202110909684A CN115706432A CN 115706432 A CN115706432 A CN 115706432A CN 202110909684 A CN202110909684 A CN 202110909684A CN 115706432 A CN115706432 A CN 115706432A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a power management system, a mobile device and a power management method. The power management system comprises a switched capacitor conversion circuit and a switch control module. And if the switch control module detects that the states of the first end and the second end of the switched capacitor conversion circuit are matched, controlling the switched capacitor conversion circuit to work in a charge pump mode. And if the switch control module detects that the states of the first end and the second end of the switched capacitor conversion circuit are not matched, controlling the switched capacitor conversion circuit to work in a direct-through mode. Therefore, the power management system can work in a direct mode when the electric energy at the input end of the switched capacitor conversion circuit cannot meet the electric energy required by the output end of the switched capacitor conversion circuit, so that the limitation of battery charging and the limitation of the battery supplying power for the load in the prior art are solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of power supplies, in particular to a power supply management system, a mobile device and a power supply management method.
Background
Mobile devices such as smartphones and tablet computers, which use larger and larger screens and more powerful Central Processing Units (CPUs) and/or Graphics Processing Units (GPUs), have screens that are even foldable, and therefore require higher and higher capacity batteries to extend operating time. Existing solutions include powering the mobile device with two batteries in series.
Fig. 1 is a block diagram of a power management system 100 in a conventional mobile device. The mobile device is powered by two battery cells Cell1 and Cell2 connected in series with each other. The system load 106 in the existing removable device is mainly applied to the cell operating environment to optimize the cost structure, so the system load 106 has an operating voltage compatible with the cell voltage. Thus, as shown in fig. 1, the power management system 100 includes a buck charging circuit 104 and a switched capacitor conversion circuit 108.
More specifically, when a main power source 102 (e.g., an ac-to-dc adapter) is connected to the portable device, the buck charging circuit 104 converts a voltage VIN (e.g., 5 volts, 9 volts, 12 volts, 20 volts, etc.) provided by the main power source 102 to a lower voltage V1X suitable for operation of the system load 106 by alternately turning on the upper switch QH and the lower switch QL. The system switch QSYS in the step-down charging circuit 104 is in a conducting state. The switched-capacitor conversion circuit 108 converts the lower voltage V1X into the higher voltage V2X to charge the battery cells Cell1 and Cell 2. The switched-capacitor converter circuit 108 generally includes a capacitor assembly and a plurality of switches that are alternately turned on to convert the input voltage V1X to an output voltage V2X proportional to the input voltage V1X, such as: V2X =2V1X.
However, the conventional power management system 100 has a limitation in charging the battery cells Cell1 and Cell 2. For example, if the cells Cell1 and Cell2 are in an over-discharge state (e.g., the voltage of the cells is close to zero volts), the voltages V2X and V1X at the two terminals of the switched-capacitor converting circuit 108 are small (e.g., close to zero volts). In this case, the switched-capacitor conversion circuit 108 may not operate normally, i.e., cannot charge the battery cells Cell1 and Cell 2.
In another case, when the mobile device is not powered by the main power source 102, the battery cells Cell1 and Cell2 can be used as auxiliary power sources to power the mobile device, and more particularly, the system load 106. The switched-capacitor conversion circuit 108 alternately turns on a plurality of switches therein, thereby converting the voltage V2X of the battery cells Cell1 and Cell2 connected in series into the supply voltage V1X suitable for the operation of the system load 106.
In the conventional power management system 100, there is a limitation in supplying power to the system load 106 by the battery cells Cell1 and Cell 2. For example, the battery cells Cell1 and Cell2 supply power to the system load 106, so the battery voltage V2X gradually decreases, and the supply voltage V1X of the system load 106 also decreases. When the supply voltage V1X is reduced to be less than the minimum operating voltage of the system load 106, even if the battery cells Cell1 and Cell2 still have enough power to supply power, the system load 106 will not operate normally due to insufficient supply voltage. As another example, when the battery cells Cell1 and Cell2 supply power to the system load 106, if the system load 106 suddenly gets heavier, in other words, the current consumed by the system load 106 suddenly increases, the voltage V1X at the power supply terminal may drop below the minimum operating voltage of the system load 106, so that the system load 106 may not operate normally due to insufficient power supply voltage.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a power management system, a mobile device, and a power management method, for determining whether input power at an input terminal of a switched capacitor converter circuit can satisfy power required at an output terminal thereof, and operating in a direct mode when the input power does not satisfy the power required at the output terminal, so that the input power satisfies the power required at the output terminal, thereby solving the limitations of battery charging and the limitation of battery supplying power to a load in the prior art.
In order to solve the above technical problem, the present invention provides a power management system, which includes a switched capacitor converting circuit, wherein the switched capacitor converting circuit includes: a first terminal for receiving or outputting a first electric energy; the second end is used for receiving or outputting second electric energy; a first capacitor including a first pole and a second pole, the first pole being connected to the second terminal through a first switch and to the first terminal through a second switch, the second pole being connected to the first terminal through a third switch and to a reference terminal through a fourth switch; and a second capacitor including a third pole and a fourth pole, the third pole being connected to the first pole of the first capacitor through the second switch and to the second pole of the first capacitor through the third switch, the fourth pole being connected to the reference terminal. The power management system further comprises a switch control module connected with the switched capacitor conversion circuit, and configured to detect whether a state of the first terminal and a state of the second terminal match, and if the state of the first terminal and the state of the second terminal match, the switch control module controls the switched capacitor conversion circuit to operate in a charge pump mode, and if the state of the first terminal and the state of the second terminal do not match, the switch control module controls the switched capacitor conversion circuit to operate in a pass-through mode, where in the charge pump mode, the switch control module alternately turns on a first group of switches and a second group of switches, the first group of switches includes the first switch and the third switch, and the second group of switches includes the second switch and the fourth switch, and in the charge pump mode, the switch control module turns on the first switch and the second switch and turns off the third switch.
The invention also provides a mobile device which comprises the power management system and a battery managed by the power management system.
The invention also provides a power supply management method, which comprises the following steps: detecting, with a switch control module, whether a first terminal and a state of a second terminal of a switched-capacitor conversion circuit match, wherein the switched-capacitor conversion circuit includes a first capacitor having a first pole and a second pole, the first pole being connected to the second terminal via a first switch and to the first terminal via a second switch, the second pole being connected to the first terminal via a third switch and to a reference terminal via a fourth switch, the switched-capacitor conversion circuit further including a second capacitor having a third pole and a fourth pole, the third pole being connected to the first pole of the first capacitor via the second switch and to the second pole of the first capacitor via the third switch, the fourth pole being connected to the reference terminal; if the state of the first end is matched with the state of the second end, the switch control module controls the switched capacitor conversion circuit to work in a charge pump mode; in the charge pump mode, the switch control module alternately turns on a first set of switches including the first switch and the third switch and a second set of switches including the second switch and the fourth switch; if the state of the first end is not matched with the state of the second end, the switch control module controls the switched capacitor conversion circuit to work in a through mode; and in the pass-through mode, the switch control module turns on the first switch and the second switch and turns off the third switch.
When the power management system, the mobile equipment and the power management method provided by the invention detect that the states of the first end and the second end of the switched capacitor conversion circuit are not matched, the switched capacitor conversion circuit works in a through mode by turning on the first switch and the second switch and turning off the third switch. In the direct mode, electric energy on the input end of the switched capacitor conversion circuit can be directly connected to the output end through the first switch and the second switch, so that the limitation of battery charging and the limitation of a battery supplying power for a load in the prior art are solved.
Drawings
Further objects, specific structural features and advantages of the present invention will be understood from the following description of some embodiments of the invention, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is a block diagram illustrating a power management system in a conventional portable device.
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a power management system in a removable device according to one embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2A is a block diagram of a power management system according to an embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 2B is a block diagram of a power management system according to an embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 2C is a block diagram of a power management system according to an embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 2D is a block diagram of a power management system according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 3 is a flow chart illustrating a power management method according to an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention. While the invention is illustrated and described in connection with these embodiments, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to these embodiments. On the contrary, the invention is intended to cover alternatives, modifications and equivalents, which may be included within the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Furthermore, in the following detailed description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a better understanding of the present invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention may be practiced without these specific details. In other instances, well-known methods, procedures, components and circuits have not been described in detail so as not to obscure the present invention.
The embodiment of the invention provides a power management system, and solves the limitation of battery charging and the limitation of a battery for supplying power to a load in the power management system in the prior art by utilizing a direct connection mechanism. Therefore, the power management system of the present embodiment may also charge the battery if the battery is over-discharged (e.g., the battery voltage approaches zero volts). In addition, compared with the power management system in the prior art, the power management system in the embodiment of the invention can more fully utilize the electric energy of the battery when the battery supplies power to the load, thereby prolonging the endurance time of the battery. In addition, when the battery supplies power to the load, if the load is suddenly increased, or the current consumed by the load is suddenly increased, the power management system in the embodiment of the invention can avoid the load from being incapable of normally working due to insufficient supply voltage.
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a power management system 200 in a removable device, according to one embodiment of the invention. As illustrated in fig. 2, when a primary power source 202 is connected to the removable device, the power management system 200 may be powered by the primary power source 202 and charge the secondary power source 210. The main power supply 202 may include an ac-to-dc adapter, and the output voltage may be (but is not limited to) 5V to 20V. The auxiliary power supply 210 may include one or more rechargeable cells connected in series, such as: lithium-ion batteries (Lithium-ion batteries). In one embodiment, the auxiliary power source 210 includes two rechargeable battery cells connected in series. If the removable device is not connected to the primary power source 202, power may be supplied by the secondary power source 210.
In one embodiment, the power management system 200 includes a charging circuit 204 (e.g., a Buck Charger), a Switched Capacitor Converter 208 (Switched Capacitor Converter), and a switch control module 222. When the main power supply 202 is connected to the removable device, the charging circuit 204 applies the voltage V provided by the main power supply 202 IN Converted to a supply voltage V suitable for operation of the system load 206 1X . Under the control of the switch control module 222, the switched capacitor converter circuit 208 will output a lower voltage V 1X Conversion to a higher voltage V 2X Charging the auxiliary power supply 210. If the removable device is not connected to the primary power source 202, the switch control module 222 controls the switched-capacitor converter circuit 208 to provide the higher voltage V from the secondary power source 210 2X Converted to a lower voltage V 1X To power the system load 206.
More specifically, as shown in FIG. 2, the switched-capacitor converter circuit 208 includes a first terminal 218, a second terminal 216, and a first capacitor C FLY A second capacitor C 1X A first switch Q 1 A second switch Q 2 And a third switch Q 3 And a fourth switch Q 4 . The first terminal 218 may be used to receive or output a first power, such as: including a voltage V 1X . The second terminal 216 may be used to receive or output a second electrical energy, such as: including a voltage V 2X . A first capacitor C FLY Comprising a first pole E 1 And a second pole E 2 . A first capacitor C FLY First pole E of 1 Through a first switch Q 1 Is connected to the second terminal 216 and passes through the second switch Q 2 Is connected to the first end 218. A first capacitor C FLY Second pole E of 2 Through a third switch Q 3 Is connected to the first terminal 218 and passes through a fourth switch Q 4 Is connected to a reference terminal GND (e.g., ground). A second capacitor C 1X Comprising a third pole E 3 And a fourth pole E 4 . A second capacitor C FLY Third pole E of 3 Via a second switch Q 2 And a first capacitor C FLY First pole E of 1 Is connected and passes through a third switch Q 3 And a first capacitor C FLY Second pole E of 2 And (4) connecting. A second capacitor C FLY Fourth pole E of 4 Is connected to the reference terminal GND.
The switch control module 222 includes a state detection circuit 212 and a switch control circuit 214. The state detection circuit 212 may be used to detect whether the state of the first terminal 218 and the state of the second terminal 216 of the switched-capacitor conversion circuit 208 match. In one embodiment, if the input power at the input of the switched capacitor converter circuit 208 does not satisfy the power requirement at the output, the state of the first terminal 218 and the state of the second terminal 216 of the switched capacitor converter circuit 208 may be considered to be mismatched. For example, if the switched capacitor converter circuit 208 receives power at the first terminal 218 that does not satisfy the power requirement at the second terminal 216, the state detection circuit 212 determines that the state of the first terminal 218 does not match the state of the second terminal 216, and otherwise, that the state is a match. For another example, if the switched capacitor converter circuit 208 receives power at the second terminal 216 that does not satisfy the power requirement at the first terminal 218, the state detection circuit 212 determines that the state of the first terminal 218 does not match the state of the second terminal 216, and otherwise, the state detection circuit is a match. In one embodiment, the switch control circuit 214 controls the switched capacitor converter circuit 208 to operate in one of a plurality of operating modes according to the determination result of the state detection circuit 212, wherein the plurality of operating modes include a charge pump mode and a pass-through mode. More specifically, if the state of the first terminal 218 and the state of the second terminal 216 match, the switch control circuit 214 controls the switched-capacitor conversion circuit 208 to operate in the charge pump mode. If the state of the first terminal 218 and the state of the second terminal 216 do not match, the switch control circuit 214 controls the switched-capacitor converter circuit 208 to operate in the pass-through mode.
In one embodiment, the first capacitor C FLY And a second capacitor C 1X With the same capacitance value. Therefore, when the first terminal 218 is an input terminal and the second terminal 216 is an output terminal, the switch control module 222 alternately turns on the first set of switches (including the first switch Q) in the charge pump mode 1 And a third switch Q 3 ) And a second set of switches (including a second switch Q) 2 And a fourth switch Q 4 ) Such that the switched-capacitor converter circuit 208 converts the voltage V at the first terminal 218 1X Converted to a voltage V on the second terminal 216 2X Wherein the voltage V 2X Approximately equal to voltage V 1X Twice as much. "Voltage V" as described herein 2X Approximately equal to voltage V 1X Double "means that in practical terms, the voltage V 2X May be slightly less than the voltage V 1X Twice as much as the difference between the two is relatively small and can be ignored. In addition, "first capacitor C" described herein FLY And a second capacitor C 1X Having the same capacitance value "means that the first capacitor C FLY And a second capacitor C 1X Are selected to have the same capacitance value, but due to non-idealities in the actual situation, the first capacitor C FLY And a second capacitor C 1X There may be a capacitance difference between them that is relatively small, negligibly small. In another embodiment, when the second terminal 216 is an input terminal and the first terminal 218 is an output terminal, the switch control module 222 alternatively turns on the first set of switches (including the first switch Q) in the charge pump mode 1 And a third switch Q 3 ) And a second set of switches (including a second switch Q) 2 And a fourth switch Q 4 ) So that the switched capacitor converter circuit 208 converts the voltage V at the second terminal 216 2X Converted to a voltage V on the first terminal 218 1X Wherein the voltage V 1X Approximately equal to voltage V 2X Half of that. "Voltage V" as described herein 1X Approximately equal to voltage V 2X By half is meant that in practical terms, the voltage V 1X May be slightly less than the voltage V 2X Half times, as long as the difference between the two is relatively small and can be ignored.
In one embodiment, in the pass-through mode, the switch control module 222 turns on the first switch Q 1 And a second switch Q 2 And the third switch Q is turned off 3 . Fourth switch Q 4 Which may be on or off. Thus, in the pass-through mode, the first terminal 218 and the second terminal 216 may pass through the switch Q 1 And Q 2 Are connected.
FIG. 2A is a block diagram of a power management system 200A according to an embodiment of the invention. The state detection circuit 212 in fig. 2 may include the battery state detection circuit 212A in fig. 2A. In the example of FIG. 2A, the removable device is connected to a main power source 202 and can charge an auxiliary power source 210 (e.g., comprising two batteries in series). More specifically, the switched-capacitor converter circuit 208 is coupled to the battery 210 via the second terminal 216 and converts (e.g., includes a voltage V) a first power at a first terminal 218 1X ) For a second electrical energy on the second terminal 216 (e.g.: including a voltage V 2X ) Charging the battery 210. Fig. 2A is described below in conjunction with fig. 2.
As shown in fig. 2A, the battery state detection circuit 212A is connected to the battery 210 via a battery detection terminal 220A. The battery state detection circuit 212A may detect the voltage V of the battery 210 2X . If the detected result shows the voltage V of the battery 210 2X Too low, such that the voltage V on the first terminal 218 1X (e.g., as a voltage V) 2X One-half) too low to provide enough voltage to maintain the switched-capacitor converter circuit 208 operating in the charge-pump mode, resulting in the second terminal 216 not providing the battery 210 with the required power, the battery status detection circuit 212A determines that the status of the first terminal 218 does not match the status of the second terminal 216. For example, the battery state detection circuit 212A may detect the voltage V of the battery 210 2X And a first predetermined voltage V PRE1 (e.g., 3 volts, 3.1 volts, etc.) for comparison. If the battery voltage V 2X Is less than the first preset voltage V PRE1 The battery state detection circuit 212A determines that the state of the first terminal 218 and the state of the second terminal 216 do not match.
In one embodiment, the charging circuit 204 selectively operates in one of a plurality of charging modes depending on the state of the battery 210, wherein the plurality of charging modes includes a pre-charge mode, a constant current charging mode, and a constant voltage charging mode. More specifically, in one embodiment, in the precharge mode, the charging circuit 204 may output a lower voltage (e.g., 1 volt, 2.5 volts, 3 volts, etc.); in the constant current charging mode, the charging circuit 204 can output a relatively stable current (e.g., 0.5 ampere, 1 ampere, 2 ampere, etc.) according to the state of the battery 210; in the constant voltage charging mode, the charging circuit 204 may output a relatively stable voltage (e.g., 4.1 volts, 4.2 volts, etc.). In addition, the switched-capacitor circuit 208 is also selectively operable in one of a plurality of charging modes based on the state of the battery 210, wherein the plurality of operating modes includes a charge pump mode and a pass-through mode. In one embodiment, if the battery voltage V 2X Is less than the first preset voltage V PRE1 The battery 210 needs to be charged in the precharge mode, so the charging circuit 204 operates in the precharge mode. In addition, the switch control circuit 214 controls the switched capacitor converter circuit 208 to operate in the pass-through mode. More specifically, the switch control circuit 214 turns on the switch Q 1 And Q 2 And turn off the switch Q 3 . Therefore, the charging circuit 204 can generate the pre-charge voltage to directly charge the battery 210.
In the pre-charge mode, the voltage V of the battery 210 2X Gradually increasing. If the battery voltage V 2X Increasing to a second predetermined voltage V PRE2 (e.g., 4.5 volts, 4.6 volts, etc.), the switch control circuit 214 controls the switched-capacitor converter circuit 208 to operate in the charge pump mode. More specifically, the switch control circuit 214 alternately turns on the first set of switches (including the first switch Q) 1 And a third switch Q 3 ) And a second set of switches (including a second switch Q) 2 And a fourth switch Q 4 ). Wherein the second preset voltage V PRE2 Is greater than or equal to a first preset voltage V PRE1 。
Therefore, the power management system 200A in the embodiment of the present invention can solve the limitation of battery charging in the prior art. More specifically, even if the battery voltage is over-discharged (e.g., the battery voltage is very low and may even approach zero volts), the switched capacitor converter circuit 208 in the power management system 200A may operate in the pass-through mode, such that the charging circuit 204 generates the pre-charge voltage to directly charge the battery 210.
As described above, the switched capacitor circuit 208 and the charging circuit 204 may be selectively operated in one of a plurality of charging modes depending on the state of the battery 210. For example, if the voltage V of the battery 210 2X Less than or equal to 3 volts (e.g., the first predetermined voltage V) PRE1 ) Then switched-capacitor circuit 208 operates in the pass-through mode and charging circuit 204 operates in the precharge mode. If the battery voltage V 2X Greater than 3 volts and less than or equal to 4.5 volts, the switched-capacitor circuit 208 operates in a pass-through mode, and the charging circuit 204 operates in a constant current charging mode (e.g., charging current below 0.5 amps) or a constant voltage charging mode. If the battery voltage V 2X Greater than 4.5 volts (e.g., the second predetermined voltage V) PRE2 ) And less than or equal to 6 volts, the switched-capacitor circuit 208 operates in the charge pump mode and the charging circuit 204 operates in the precharge mode. If the battery voltage V 2X Greater than 6 volts, the switched-capacitor circuit 208 operates in a charge-pump mode, and the charging circuit 204 operates in either a constant-current charging mode or a constant-voltage charging mode.
FIG. 2B is a block diagram of a power management system 200B according to an embodiment of the invention. The state detection circuit 212 in fig. 2 may include the battery state detection circuit 212B in fig. 2B. In the example of fig. 2B, the removable device is not connected to a main power source. Thus, the battery 210 supplies power to the system load 206. More specifically, the switched-capacitor converter circuit 208 is coupled to the system load 206 via a first terminal 218, to the battery 210 via a second terminal 216, andand the electrical energy from battery 210 (e.g., including voltage V) 2X ) Conversion to first electrical energy (e.g.: including a voltage V 1X ) To power the system load 206. Fig. 2B is described below in conjunction with fig. 2.
As shown in fig. 2B, the battery state detection circuit 212B is connected to the battery 210 via the battery detection terminal 220B. The battery state detection circuit 212B may detect the voltage V of the battery 210 2X . If the detected result shows that the voltage V of the battery 210 at the second end is 2X Low such that the voltage V on the first terminal 218 is converted by the charge pump 208 1X (e.g., as a voltage V) 2X One-half) of the voltage of the first terminal 218 and the second terminal 216, respectively, is low enough to provide enough voltage to maintain the system load 206 operating, the battery status detection circuit 212B determines that the status of the first terminal 218 and the status of the second terminal 216 do not match. For example, the battery state detection circuit 212B may detect the voltage V of the battery 210 2X And a third predetermined voltage V PRE3 (e.g., 5.2 volts, 5 volts, etc.) comparison. If the battery voltage V 2X Is less than the third preset voltage V PRE3 The battery state detection circuit 212B determines that the state of the first terminal 218 and the state of the second terminal 216 do not match.
In one embodiment, the switch control circuit 214 controls the switched-capacitor converter circuit 208 based on the detection result of the battery status detection circuit 212B. For example, if the detection result shows that the voltage V is present 2X Is less than the third preset voltage V PRE3 Then the switch control circuit 214 controls the switched-capacitor converter circuit 208 to operate in the direct mode. Wherein the third preset voltage V PRE3 Depending on the operating voltage range of the system load 206. More specifically, the third preset voltage V PRE3 Less than or equal to the maximum operating voltage of the system load 206, and a third predetermined voltage V PRE3 Is slightly greater than or equal to the minimum operating voltage of the system load 206. Thus, in one embodiment, if the battery voltage V 2X Greater than or equal to the third preset voltage V PRE3 The switched-capacitor converter circuit 208 may operate in the charge pump mode and generate the output voltage V at the first terminal 218 1X Greater than the minimum work load 206 of the systemAnd applying a voltage. If the battery voltage V 2X Is less than the third preset voltage V PRE3 Then the switched capacitor converter circuit 208 operates in a pass-through mode to allow the battery voltage V 2X Via a switch Q 1 And Q 2 Through to the first terminal 218 to power the system load 206. In the pass-through mode, the switched-capacitor converter circuit 208 generates an output voltage V at the first terminal 218 2X Less than or equal to the maximum operating voltage of the system load 206, and greater than or equal to the minimum operating voltage of the system load 206. Thus, system load 206 may continue to operate normally.
Therefore, the power management system 200B in the embodiment of the present invention can solve the limitation of the prior art that the battery supplies power to the system load. More specifically, even if the battery voltage V 2X Reduced, resulting in a supply voltage V generated in the charge pump mode 1X The system load 206 may not be able to continue to operate normally, and the switched capacitor converter circuit 208 in the power management system 200B may operate in the pass-through mode to convert the battery voltage V 2X The system load 206 is directly powered, thereby extending the battery life.
FIG. 2C is a block diagram of a power management system 200C according to an embodiment of the invention. The state detection circuit 212 in fig. 2 may include the load state detection circuit 212C in fig. 2C. In the example of fig. 2C, the removable device is not connected to a main power supply. Thus, the auxiliary power supply 210 supplies power to the system load 206. More specifically, the switched-capacitor converter circuit 208 is coupled to the system load 206 via a first terminal 218, to the auxiliary power supply 210 via a second terminal 216, and to provide power (e.g., including a voltage V) from the auxiliary power supply 210 2X ) Into first electrical energy (e.g.: including a voltage V 1X ) To power the system load 206. Fig. 2C is described below in conjunction with fig. 2.
As shown in fig. 2C, the load condition detection circuit 212C is connected to the system load 206 via the load detection terminal 220C. The load condition detection circuit 212C may detect the supply voltage V of the system load 206 1X . If the detected result shows that the load of the system load 206 is suddenly increased, the switch in the charge pump mode is turned on or offIf the capacitance switching circuit 208 fails to provide sufficient voltage to the system load 206 for a short period of time, the load status detection circuit 212C determines that the status of the first terminal 218 does not match the status of the second terminal 216. More specifically, if the load of the system load 206 suddenly increases, this may result in a voltage V at the first terminal 218 1X Suddenly drop, and the voltage V at the second terminal 216 2X Due to conversion by the charge pump 208 (e.g., via the capacitor C) FLY And C 1x Buffering of charging and discharging), the voltage V at the first terminal 218 cannot be prevented 1X Suddenly dropping. In this case, the load state detection circuit 212C determines that the state of the first terminal 218 and the state of the second terminal 216 do not match.
For example, if the load condition detection circuit 212C detects the voltage V at the first terminal 218 1X Continuously less than a fourth preset voltage V PRE4 And the duration is greater than the preset time Δ t, the load state detection circuit 212C may determine that the state of the first terminal 218 and the state of the second terminal 216 do not match, and instruct the switch control circuit 214 to control the switched capacitor converter circuit 208 to operate in the direct-current mode. Wherein the fourth preset voltage V PRE4 May be a value very close to and greater than the minimum operating voltage of the system load 206. To illustrate again, if the load condition detection circuit 212C detects the voltage V at the first terminal 218 1X Rate of decrease dV 1X And/dt is greater than the predetermined rate, the load condition detection circuit 212C may determine that the condition of the first terminal 218 does not match the condition of the second terminal 216, and instruct the switch control circuit 214 to control the switched-capacitor converter circuit 208 to operate in the pass-through mode. In the through mode, a higher battery voltage V 2X Can pass through a switch Q 1 And Q 2 Directly on the first terminal 218 to quickly pull up the supply voltage of the system load 206 to its normal operating voltage level. When the system load 206 tends to stabilize (e.g., the current drawn by the system load 206 is relatively stable), the switched-capacitor conversion circuit 208 may transition from the pass-through mode to operate in the charge-pump mode.
Therefore, the power management system 200C in the embodiment of the present invention can solve the problem of the battery existing in the prior artLimitations of supplying power to system loads. More specifically, even if the system load 206 suddenly increases, the supply voltage V of the system load 206 is caused 1X The sudden drop, the switched capacitor converter circuit 208 in the power management system 200C may operate in a pass-through mode to convert the higher battery voltage V 2X Directly supply power to the system load 206, thereby quickly pulling up the supply voltage of the system load 206 and maintaining the normal operation of the system load 206.
In addition, the power management system in the embodiment of the invention may also solve the possible limitation of supplying power to the system load 206 in the direct charging mode. Fig. 2D is a block diagram of a power management system 200D according to an embodiment of the invention. The state detection circuit 212 in fig. 2 may include the load state detection circuit 212D in fig. 2D. In the example of fig. 2D, the removable device is connected to a main power supply 202D. The main power supply 202D includes a power supply that can output a preset power according to the state of the battery 210. Illustratively, the power management system 200D may include a controller for generating control instructions based on the state of the battery 210 and sending the instructions to the main power source 202D. The main power source 202D can generate a preset current or voltage according to the content of the command, and directly charge the battery 210 through the direct charging channel 226. The direct charging channel 226 may also be referred to as a Fast charging channel (Fast Charge Path). When the direct charging channel 226 is turned on, the charging circuit 204 is in a disabled state. For another example, the battery status monitoring and control circuit in the power management system 200D may send a sensing signal indicating the status of the battery 210 to the main power source 202D, and the main power source 202D may generate a proper charging current or charging voltage according to the sensing signal to charge the battery 210 through the direct charging channel.
In the example of fig. 2D, the main power source 202D, in addition to charging the battery 210, may also supply power to the system load 206 via the switched-capacitor converter circuit 208. In one embodiment, similar to the situation in fig. 2C, if the load condition detection circuit 212D detects a sudden increase in the load capacity of the system load 206 (e.g., the voltage V at the first terminal 218) 1X Continuously less than a fourth preset voltage V PRE4 And the duration is greater than the preset timeΔ t; or the voltage V at the first terminal 218 1X Rate of decrease dV 1X Dt is greater than a predetermined rate), the load condition detection circuit 212D may determine that the state of the first terminal 218 and the state of the second terminal 216 do not match, and control the switched-capacitor converter circuit 208 to operate in the pass-through mode via the control circuit 214. In the through mode, the higher battery voltage V 2X Can pass through a switch Q 1 And Q 2 Directly on the first terminal 218 to quickly pull up the supply voltage of the system load 206 to its normal operating voltage level. When the system load 206 tends to stabilize (e.g., the current drawn by the system load 206 is relatively stable), the switched-capacitor conversion circuit 208 may transition from the pass-through mode to operate in the charge-pump mode. Therefore, the power management system 200D in the embodiment of the present invention can solve the possible limitation when the main power source 202D supplies power to the system load 206 in the direct charging (or fast charging) condition.
Fig. 3 is a flow chart illustrating a power management method according to an embodiment of the invention. Fig. 3 is described below in conjunction with fig. 2, 2A, 2B, and 2C. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the specific steps covered by fig. 3 are merely exemplary. That is, the present invention is applicable to other reasonable flows or steps that improve upon fig. 3.
In step 302, the switch control module 222 detects whether the states of the first terminal 218 and the second terminal 216 of the switched-capacitor converter circuit 208 match.
At step 304, if the state of the first terminal 218 and the state of the second terminal 216 match, the switch control module 222 controls the switched-capacitor conversion circuit 208 to operate in the charge pump mode.
In step 306, in the charge pump mode, the switch control module 222 alternately turns on a first set of switches and a second set of switches, wherein the first set of switches includes a first switch Q 1 And said third switch Q 3 The second group of switches comprises a second switch Q 2 And a fourth switch Q 4 。
At step 308, if the state of the first terminal 218 and the state of the second terminal 216 do not match, the switch control module 222 controls the switched-capacitor converter circuit 208 to operate in the pass-through mode.
In step 310, in the pass-through mode, the switch control module 222 turns on the first switch Q 1 And a second switch Q 2 And the third switch Q is turned off 3 。
In summary, the power management system, the mobile device and the power management method in the embodiments of the invention may control the switched capacitor conversion circuit to operate in the pass-through mode when the states of the input and output terminals of the switched capacitor conversion circuit are not matched (for example, when the input electric energy cannot continuously meet the requirement for the output electric energy), so that the input electric energy is passed through to the output terminal. Therefore, the limitation of battery charging and the limitation of the battery supplying power for the load in the prior art are solved.
The terms and expressions which have been employed herein are used as terms of description and not of limitation, and there is no intention, in the use of such terms and expressions, of excluding any equivalents of the features shown and described (or portions thereof), and it is recognized that various modifications are possible within the scope of the claims. Other modifications, variations, and alternatives are also possible. Therefore, the claims are intended to cover all such equivalents.
Claims (11)
1. A power management system, the power management system comprising:
a switched-capacitor conversion circuit, wherein the switched-capacitor conversion circuit comprises:
a first terminal for receiving or outputting a first electric energy;
the second end is used for receiving or outputting second electric energy;
a first capacitor including a first pole and a second pole, the first pole being connected to the second terminal through a first switch and to the first terminal through a second switch, the second pole being connected to the first terminal through a third switch and to a reference terminal through a fourth switch; and
a second capacitor including a third pole and a fourth pole, the third pole being connected to the first pole of the first capacitor through the second switch and to the second pole of the first capacitor through the third switch, the fourth pole being connected to the reference terminal; and
a switch control module connected to the switched capacitor conversion circuit, configured to detect whether a state of the first terminal matches a state of the second terminal, and if the state of the first terminal matches the state of the second terminal, the switch control module controls the switched capacitor conversion circuit to operate in a charge pump mode, and if the state of the first terminal does not match the state of the second terminal, the switch control module controls the switched capacitor conversion circuit to operate in a pass-through mode,
wherein, in the charge pump mode, the switch control module alternately turns on a first set of switches including the first switch and the third switch and a second set of switches including the second switch and the fourth switch, an
Wherein in the pass-through mode, the switch control module turns on the first switch and the second switch and turns off the third switch.
2. The power management system of claim 1, wherein the switched capacitor converter circuit is coupled to a battery via the second terminal and converts the first power to the second power to charge the battery, and the switch control module determines that the state of the first terminal and the state of the second terminal do not match if the voltage of the battery is less than a first predetermined voltage.
3. The power management system of claim 2, wherein the power management system further comprises: the charging circuit is used for selectively working in one charging mode of a plurality of charging modes comprising a pre-charging mode, a constant-current charging mode and a constant-voltage charging mode according to the state of the battery, wherein if the voltage of the battery is less than the first preset voltage, the charging circuit works in the pre-charging mode, and the switch control module controls the switch capacitor conversion circuit to work in the direct-current mode.
4. The power management system of claim 3, wherein the switch control module controls the switched-capacitor conversion circuit to operate in the charge pump mode if the voltage of the battery increases to a second predetermined voltage, wherein the second predetermined voltage is greater than or equal to the first predetermined voltage.
5. The power management system of claim 1, wherein the switched-capacitor converter circuit is coupled to a load via the first terminal, coupled to a battery via the second terminal, and configured to convert power from the battery into the first power to power the load, and if the voltage of the battery is less than a third predetermined voltage, the switch control module determines that the state of the first terminal and the state of the second terminal do not match and controls the switched-capacitor converter circuit to operate in the pass-through mode, wherein the third predetermined voltage is determined according to an operating voltage range of the load.
6. The power management system of claim 5, wherein, in the pass-through mode, the switched-capacitor conversion circuit produces an output voltage at the first terminal that is less than or equal to a maximum operating voltage of the load and greater than or equal to a minimum operating voltage of the load.
7. The power management system of claim 5, wherein if the voltage of the battery is greater than the third preset voltage, the switched-capacitor conversion circuit operates in the charge pump mode and the output voltage generated at the first terminal is greater than the minimum operating voltage of the load.
8. The power management system of claim 1, wherein the switched-capacitor conversion circuit is coupled to a load via the first terminal, coupled to a power source via the second terminal, and converts power from the power source to the first power to power the load, and if the voltage at the first terminal continues to be less than a fourth predetermined voltage and for a duration greater than a predetermined time, the switch control module determines that the state of the first terminal and the state of the second terminal do not match and controls the switched-capacitor conversion circuit to operate in the pass-through mode.
9. The power management system of claim 1, wherein the switched-capacitor conversion circuit is coupled to a load via the first terminal, coupled to a power source via the second terminal, and converts power from the power source to the first power to power the load, and the switch control module determines that the state of the first terminal and the state of the second terminal do not match and controls the switched-capacitor conversion circuit to operate in the pass-through mode if a rate of decrease of the voltage on the first terminal is greater than a preset rate.
10. A removable device, the removable device comprising: the power management system of any of claims 1 to 9, and a battery managed by the power management system.
11. A method of power management, the method of management comprising:
detecting, with a switch control module, whether a first terminal and a state of a second terminal of a switched-capacitor conversion circuit match, wherein the switched-capacitor conversion circuit includes a first capacitor having a first pole and a second pole, the first pole being connected to the second terminal via a first switch and to the first terminal via a second switch, the second pole being connected to the first terminal via a third switch and to a reference terminal via a fourth switch, the switched-capacitor conversion circuit further including a second capacitor having a third pole and a fourth pole, the third pole being connected to the first pole of the first capacitor via the second switch and to the second pole of the first capacitor via the third switch, the fourth pole being connected to the reference terminal;
if the state of the first end is matched with the state of the second end, controlling the switched capacitor conversion circuit to work in a charge pump mode;
in the charge pump mode, alternately turning on a first set of switches including the first switch and the third switch and a second set of switches including the second switch and the fourth switch;
if the state of the first end is not matched with the state of the second end, controlling the switched capacitor conversion circuit to work in a through mode; and
in the pass-through mode, the first switch and the second switch are turned on, and the third switch is turned off.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110909684.7A CN115706432A (en) | 2021-08-09 | 2021-08-09 | Power management system, mobile device and power management method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110909684.7A CN115706432A (en) | 2021-08-09 | 2021-08-09 | Power management system, mobile device and power management method |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN115706432A true CN115706432A (en) | 2023-02-17 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN202110909684.7A Pending CN115706432A (en) | 2021-08-09 | 2021-08-09 | Power management system, mobile device and power management method |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN115706432A (en) |
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- 2021-08-09 CN CN202110909684.7A patent/CN115706432A/en active Pending
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