CN115704739A - Guide structure of hole detection guide wire and hole detection inspection method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a guiding structure of a hole detection guide wire and a hole detection inspection method. The guide structure includes a guide tube, the guide tube including: a straight tube portion; and bending the tube portion; the bending pipe part is located at the downstream of the straight pipe part and connected with the straight pipe part, and the axis of the straight pipe part and the extending direction of the outlet end of the bending pipe part are arranged in a non-overlapping mode. The invention has the advantages that the guide tube can guide the guide wire to the measured point without being held by the operator all the time, thereby protecting the detection head and the interior of the engine and preventing the collision.

Description

A guiding structure of a borehole guide line and a borehole inspection method

technical field

The invention relates to a guide tooling for a guide line of a borehole probe, in particular to a guide structure for a borescope guide line and a borehole inspection method.

Background technique

In the field of aero-engines, after the assembly of the aero-engine is completed or the staged test run of the engine is completed, it is necessary to use the borescope equipment to carry out auxiliary inspection through the "borescope hole" on the casing to observe whether the internal components of the engine are damaged. Common borescope equipment includes a guide wire, a detection head and a display. The detection head is located at the front end of the guide wire and is used to take pictures of the internal area of the engine casing. The guide wire is used to transmit data, and the display shows the imaging area of the detection head.

Usually, inspectors are required to penetrate the probe head into the "bore finder hole" on the casing for inspection. The inner diameter of the "bore finder hole" on the casing is much larger than the outer diameter of the probe head. During the whole process, the "bore finder hole" "The position of the detector is completely controlled manually by the inspector. If it encounters a double-layer casing, it is difficult for the guide wire of the detection head to penetrate. It is completely manually controlled by the inspector, and it is impossible to judge the depth of the guide wire into the interior of the receiver or the direction of twist. If it is necessary to accurately locate the fault point during the whole process, there is a very high requirement for the operator's operation accuracy. During the whole operation process, the personnel who operate the "guide line for borehole detection" need to keep holding the "guide line" all the time, and cannot perform the rest of the work, which is labor-intensive and prone to misoperation. During the test, it is easy to damage the "detection head" of the hole detection equipment, and even damage the engine.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a guiding structure for a borehole guide wire.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a borehole inspection method.

A guiding structure for a borehole guide wire according to an aspect of the present invention includes a guiding tube, and the guiding tube includes: a straight tube part; and a bent tube part; the bent tube part is located downstream of the straight tube part It is connected with the straight pipe part, and the axis of the straight pipe part is set so as not to coincide with the extending direction of the outlet end of the bent pipe part.

In one or more specific implementations of the guiding structure, the plane formed by the extension direction of the straight pipe part and the extension direction of the bent pipe part is defined as the first plane, and the straight pipe part has a fixed position , so that the straight pipe portion is fixed with the casing at the fixed position; the guide structure includes: a first guide pipe, the bending direction of the first guide pipe is located on a plane perpendicular to the first plane; the The bent tube portion of the first guide tube has a wave-shaped extension section, the bending radius of the crest and trough of the wave-shaped extension section is 2-5 times the outer diameter of the guide tube, and the bending angle of the crest and trough is 45° °-170°; and/or a second guide tube, the bending direction of the second guide tube is located on the first plane, the bent tube portion of the second guide tube has a second hook section, and the second hook The angle between the end of the segment and the starting end is 30°-80°, the bending radius of the second hook segment is 2-5 times the outer diameter of the guide tube; and/or the third guide tube, the third The bending direction of the guide tube is located on the first plane, the bent tube part of the third guide tube has a third hook segment, and the angle between the end of the third hook segment and the starting end is 100°-170°, so The bending radius of the third hook section is 2-5 times the outer diameter of the guide tube.

In one or more specific embodiments of the guide structure, the bent tube portion of the second guide tube includes a straight tube section, and the angle between the straight tube section and the straight tube portion of the second guide tube is 45°. °-180°; the bent tube portion of the third guiding tube includes a straight tube section, and the included angle between the straight tube segment and the straight tube portion of the third guiding tube is 45°-180°.

In one or more specific embodiments of the guiding structure, the fixed position further includes a handle, the handle is fixedly connected to the straight pipe part, and the handle and the straight pipe part define a positioning plane, The first plane of the first guide tube coincides with the positioning plane, the angle between the first plane of the second guide tube and the positioning plane is 0-90°, and the first plane of the third guide tube coincides with the positioning plane The included angle is 0-90°.

In one or more specific implementations of the guide structure, the handle is an asymmetric structure on both sides, and has a first blind hole, a second blind hole, a rectangular side, and an arc side on both sides.

In one or more specific embodiments of the guiding structure, the material of the guiding tube is a thermoplastic material.

A borehole inspection method according to another aspect of the present invention includes using the above-mentioned guiding structure, and the borehole inspection method includes: Step A. For the inspection location, the root of the stator blade of the gas turbine engine or the inner side of the rotor hub For the region where the inspection position is the rotor blade of the gas turbine engine or the end face area of the rotor that needs to be inspected through a far hole after the hole, the first guide pipe of the guide structure is selected. Guide pipe; for the inspection position is the circumferential blade area of the gas turbine engine, select the third guide pipe of the guide structure; step B. extend the guide pipe from the detection hole of the casing until it is fixed with the casing, And the guide tube does not collide with the components inside the casing; Step C. Insert the guide wire and probe of the borescope into the guide tube until the probe reaches the inspection position.

In one or more specific implementations of the borehole inspection method, in the step A, for the turbine rotor blades of gas turbine engines whose inspection positions are of different stages, the first guide of the guide structure is selected. tube, for checking the rotor blades of the Nth stage, the extension length of the bent pipe part of the selected first guide pipe is the first length, and for the inspection of the N+1th stage rotor blades, the selected first guiding pipe The extension length of the bent tube portion of the tube is a second length, and the second length is greater than the first length.

In one or more specific implementations of the hole detection method, the material of the guide tube is a thermoplastic material. In the step B, if the guide tube collides with the components inside the casing, the heating The guide tube adjusts the structure of its bent tube portion until there is no bump between the guide tube and the components inside the casing.

In one or more specific implementations of the borehole inspection method, the guiding structure further includes a handle, the handle and the straight pipe portion define a positioning plane, and the first plane of the first guiding pipe is in line with the The positioning planes coincide, the angle between the first plane of the second guiding tube and the positioning plane is 0°-90°, the angle between the first plane of the third guiding tube and the positioning plane is 0°-90°, In the step B, the guide tube is inserted from the detection hole of the casing, and the guide structure is adjusted by adjusting the position of the handle.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

The guide tube can guide the guide wire to the point to be measured, without the need for the operator to keep holding it all the time, and the rest of the work can be done, which saves physical strength and is less prone to operating errors, improving detection efficiency. At the same time, it protects the detection head and the inside of the engine to prevent bumps and save detection costs.

Description of drawings

The above and other features, properties and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent through the following description in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. In the accompanying drawings, the same reference numerals always represent the same features. It should be noted that these The accompanying drawings are only examples, and they are not drawn on the same scale, and should not be taken as limiting the protection scope of the actual claims of the present invention, wherein:

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a guiding structure of an embodiment;

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a first guide tube according to an embodiment;

Fig. 3 is A-A cross-sectional view according to the schematic diagram of the first guide tube in Fig. 2;

4 is a schematic diagram of a second guide tube in an embodiment;

Fig. 5 is a top view of a second guide tube according to an embodiment;

Fig. 6 is a B-B sectional view according to the top view of the second guide pipe in Fig. 5;

Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a third guide tube according to an embodiment;

Fig. 8 is a top view of a third guide tube according to an embodiment;

Fig. 9 is a C-C sectional view according to the top view of the third guide tube in Fig. 8;

Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of another direction of the guiding structure of an embodiment;

Fig. 11 is a schematic diagram of a handle according to an embodiment;

Fig. 12 is a schematic diagram of steps of a borehole inspection method in an embodiment;

Fig. 13 is a partial schematic diagram of the cooperation between the guide structure and the casing in an embodiment;

FIG. 14 is a partial schematic view of a stator blade root inspection of a gas turbine engine according to an embodiment;

15 is a partial schematic view of a circumferential blade region inspection of a gas turbine engine according to an embodiment;

16 is a partial front view of a circumferential blade area inspection of a gas turbine engine according to an embodiment;

17 is a partial schematic view of a rotor blade inspection of a gas turbine engine according to an embodiment;

18 is a partial plan view of a rotor blade inspection of a gas turbine engine according to an embodiment.

Reference signs:

1001-straight pipe, 10011-fixed position, 1002-bent pipe;

1 - the first guide tube, 102 - the bent tube part, 1020 - the wavy extension section, 1021 - the crest, 1022 - the trough;

2-the second guide pipe, 202-bent pipe section, 2021-the second hook section, 2022-straight pipe section;

3-the third guide pipe, 302-bent pipe section, 3021-the third hook section, 3022-straight pipe section;

4-handle, 401-first blind hole, 402-second blind hole, 403-rectangular side, 404-arc side;

5-casing, 501-casing hole, 502-flange surface, 5021-bolt;

6-the area inside the rotor hub of the gas turbine engine, 601-the first detection point, 602-the next detection point;

7-circumferential blade area of the gas turbine engine, 701-first detection point, 702-next detection point;

8—rotor blades of different stages of the gas turbine engine, 801—the first detection point, 802—the next detection point.

Detailed ways

Reference will now be made in detail to various embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings and described below. While the invention will be described in conjunction with exemplary embodiments, it will be appreciated that present description is not intended to limit the invention to those exemplary embodiments. On the contrary, the invention is intended to cover not only the exemplary embodiments but also various alternatives, modifications, equivalents and others, which may be included within the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims. implementation plan.

In the ensuing description, the orientations or positional relationships indicated by "circumferential", "inner", "outer", "downstream" or other orientational terms are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention. The invention and the simplified description do not indicate or imply that the device or component referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operate in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Meanwhile, the present application uses specific words to describe the embodiments of the present application. For example, "one embodiment", "an embodiment" means a certain feature, structure or feature related to at least one embodiment of the present application. Therefore, it should be emphasized and noted that “an embodiment” or “an embodiment” or “an optional embodiment” mentioned twice or more at different positions in this specification do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. In addition, certain features, structures or characteristics in one or more embodiments of the present application may be properly combined.

Referring to FIG. 1 , in one embodiment, a specific structural example of the guiding structure of the borehole guide wire may include a guiding tube, and the guiding tube includes a straight tube part 1001 and a bent tube part 1002 . The bent tube part 1002 is located downstream of the straight tube part 1001 and connected to the straight tube part 1001 , and the axis a of the straight tube part 1001 and the extending direction b of the outlet end of the bent tube part 1002 are arranged non-coincidentally. In some embodiments, the size of the diameter D of the guide tube is 6≤D≤7mm, and the size of the outer diameter d of the guide tube is 8≤d≤9mm. The guide tube can guide the guide wire to the point to be measured, without the need for the operator to keep holding it all the time, and the rest of the work can be done, which saves physical strength and is less prone to operating errors, improving detection efficiency. At the same time, it protects the detection head and the inside of the engine to prevent bumps and save detection costs.

Referring to FIG. 1 in conjunction with FIG. 2 , FIG. 4 , and FIG. 7 , in one embodiment, a specific structural example of the guiding structure of the borehole guide wire can be defined as the extension direction of the straight pipe part 1001 and the direction of the bent pipe part 1002. The extension direction forms a plane as the first plane α. Specifically, the first plane α is formed by the intersection of the axis a of the straight pipe part 1001 and the extension direction b of the outlet end of the bent pipe part 1002. The straight pipe part 1001 has a fixed position 10011, so that The straight pipe part 1001 is fixed with the receiver at the fixed position 10011. The guiding structure includes a first guiding tube 1 and/or a second guiding tube 2 and/or a third guiding tube 3 .

Referring to FIG. 2 in conjunction with FIG. 3 , specifically, an example of the specific structure of the first guide tube 1 may be that the bending direction of the first guide tube 1 is located on a plane β perpendicular to the first plane α. The bent tube portion 102 of the first guide tube 1 has a wave-shaped extension section 1020, the bending radius R2 of the crest 1021 of the wave-shaped extension section 1020 is 2-5 times the outer diameter d of the first guide tube 1, and the wave-shaped extension The bending radius R3 of the trough 1022 of the section 1020 is 2-5 times the outer diameter d of the first guide tube 1 , and the bending angle f1 of the trough and the trough is 45°-180°.

Referring to FIG. 4 in conjunction with FIG. 6 , specifically, an example of the specific structure of the second guide tube 2 may be that the bending direction of the second guide tube 2 is located on the first plane α, and the bent tube portion of the second guide tube 2 202 has a second hook section 2021, the angle f2 between the end of the second hook section 2021 and the starting end is 30°-80°, and the bending radius R4 of the second hook section 2021 is the outer diameter d of the second guide tube 2 2-5 times;

Referring to FIG. 7 in conjunction with FIG. 9 , specifically, an example of the specific structure of the third guide tube 3 may be that the bending direction of the third guide tube 3 is located on the first plane α, and the bent tube portion of the third guide tube 3 302 has a third hook section 3021, the angle f3 between the end of the third hook section 3021 and the starting end is 100°-170°, and the bending radius of the third hook section 3021 is 2 times the outer diameter d of the third guide tube 3 -5 times.

Three guide tubes with different structures can be set to guide the guide lines for borehole inspection in different areas of the engine. When the airfoil of multi-stage low-pressure turbine blades needs to be detected, the first guide tube 1 can be selected for coordinated positioning. The root of the turbine stator blade can be positioned with the second guide tube 2, and the third guide tube 3 can be used for positioning when it is necessary to observe the blade area in the circumferential direction of the engine.

Referring to Fig. 6 and Fig. 9, in one embodiment, an example of the specific structure of the second guide tube 2 may also be that the bent tube portion 202 of the second guide tube 2 includes a straight tube section 2022, and the straight tube section 2022 is connected to The included angle g of the straight pipe portion 201 of the second guide pipe 2 is 45°-180°; an example of the specific structure of the third guide pipe 3 can also be that the bent pipe portion 302 of the third guide pipe 3 includes a straight pipe section 3022 , the angle e between the straight pipe section 3022 and the straight pipe portion 301 of the third guide pipe 3 is 45°-180°. The included angle between the bent pipe part and the straight pipe part can make the guide pipe better avoid the internal parts of the engine, prevent bruises, prevent the introduction of unnecessary impurities, and reduce additional maintenance costs.

As shown in FIG. 10 , in one embodiment, an example of the specific structure of the guide tube can be that the fixed position 10011 also includes a handle 4, the handle 4 is fixedly connected to the straight pipe part 1001, and the handle 4 and the straight pipe part 1001 define a fixed position. The plane γ, specifically, the intersection of the axis a of the straight pipe portion and the center line x of the handle 4 forms a positioning plane γ. As shown in FIG. 10 in conjunction with FIG. 2 , the first plane α of the first guide tube 1 coincides with the positioning plane γ. As shown in FIG. 10 in conjunction with FIG. 5 , the included angle c between the first plane α of the second guide tube 2 and the positioning plane γ is 0-90°. As shown in FIG. 10 in conjunction with FIG. 8 , the included angle h between the first plane α of the third guide tube 3 and the positioning plane γ is 0-90°. Setting the angles between the first plane α of the three guide tubes and the positioning plane γ to be different can better meet the requirements of guiding the three guide tubes to different positions of the borehole inspection without requiring too much manual judgment by the operator , the guide tube can be placed in the detection position without bumping.

Referring to Fig. 11, in one embodiment, the concrete structure example of handle 4 can be, have first blind hole 401, second blind hole 402 on both sides respectively, both sides are asymmetric structure, one side is rectangular side 403, and the other side is an arc side 404, and the diameter of the arc side 404 is R1. The width W of handle 4 is greater than the diameter of casing hole, prevents from falling in the engine. The handle is provided with a blind hole and an asymmetric structure, which helps to identify the direction of the guide tube by reference, so as to identify the position of the outlet. In addition, for different types of catheters, such as the above-mentioned first guide tube 1, second guide tube 2, and third guide tube 3, markings can be made on the handle to prevent identification errors, and operators can make manual judgments. Quickly and accurately locate the detection point without friction.

In another embodiment, the material of the guide tube is a thermoplastic material, which has good thermoplasticity, and after heating at 70° C. to 120° C., the three-dimensional structure of the guide tube can be adjusted to form. Under the premise of effectively protecting the "detection line/guide line" and preventing friction with internal parts of the engine, the three-dimensional structure of the guide tube can be adjusted by preheating according to the actual situation, so that the guide tube can match more detection positions. Utilization is higher.

Referring to FIG. 12 , in one embodiment, an example of specific steps of the method for performing borehole inspection using the above-mentioned guiding structure may include the following:

Step A. For the inspection position is the root of the stator blade of the gas turbine engine or the inner area of the rotor hub, select the second guide pipe of the guide structure; To check the end surface area of the rotor across stages, select the first guide tube of the guide structure; for the blade area where the inspection position is the circumference of the gas turbine engine, select the third guide tube of the guide structure;

Step B. Extend the guide tube from the detection hole of the receiver until it is fixed with the receiver, and the guide tube does not collide with the internal parts of the receiver;

Step C. Insert the guide wire and probe of the borescope into the guide tube until the probe reaches the inspection position.

In an optional embodiment, the specific steps of step B may also include: if the guide tube collides with the parts inside the casing, the guide tube made of thermoplastic material can be heated to adjust the bending of the guide tube The structure of the pipe part, until the guide pipe does not collide with the parts inside the casing, preventing the introduction of redundant objects.

In another optional embodiment, the specific step example of step B may also include, extending the guide tube from the detection hole of the casing, and identifying the direction of the guide tube through the blind hole, rectangular edge, and arc edge of the handle, Adjust the handle to align the guide structure to the inspection position.

Referring to Fig. 13, in another embodiment, a casing hole 501 is provided on the casing 5, and a flange surface 502 is arranged on the casing hole 501. 5 are fixedly connected by bolts 5021. The handle 4 cooperates with the flange surface 502, and through the position of the blind holes 401, 402, rectangular sides 403, and arc sides 404 of the handle 4 relative to the flange surface 502, the direction of the guide tube can be more accurately identified for reference determination Check the location. However, when no borehole inspection is required, the flange surface 502 is in a blocked state.

Specifically, in the example shown in FIG. 14 , the second guide pipe 2 is selected to inspect the inner region 6 of the rotor hub of the gas turbine engine. First, the second guide pipe 2 is penetrated into the inside of the casing 5 from one or more layers of casing holes 501 of the casing 5, and the handle 4 is adjusted so that the positioning plane γ is perpendicular to the engine axis i, and the second guide pipe 2 is aligned. , fix the second guide tube 2 after positioning the first probe point 601 . Then the guide wire and the probe of the borescope are inserted into the second guide pipe 2 until the probe reaches the inspection position. After completing the inspection of the first detection point 601, pull back the guide wire so that the detection head is located inside the second guide tube 2, adjust the position of the handle 4 through the rectangular side, arc side, and blind hole relative to the flange surface, and position After the next detection point 602 is aligned and fixed to the second guide tube 2 , the probe head is stretched out of the second guide tube 2 to reach the inspection position. Repeat the above steps until all the detection points have been inspected, pull back the guide wire so that the detection head is placed outside the second guide tube 2, and then move the second guide tube 2 out of the casing 5. There is no bump in the whole process to prevent the introduction of excess impurities into the engine.

In the example shown in FIG. 15 in conjunction with FIG. 6, the third guide pipe 3 is selected to inspect the circumferential blade area 7 of the gas turbine engine, and the fine structural features thereon can be inspected. Firstly, the third guide pipe 3 is penetrated into the inside of the casing 5 from one or more layers of casing holes of the casing 5, and the handle 4 is adjusted so that the positioning plane γ is perpendicular to the engine axis i, and the third guide pipe 3 is aligned. After the first probe point 701 is positioned, the third guide tube 3 is fixed. Then the guide wire and the probe of the borescope are inserted into the third guide pipe 3 until the probe reaches the inspection position. After completing the inspection of the first detection point 701, pull back the guide wire so that the detection head is located inside the third guide tube 3, and the adjustment handle 4 passes through the rectangular side 403, the arc side 404, and the blind holes 401 and 402 relative to the flange. After positioning the next inspection point 702 and fixing the third guide tube 3, extend the probe head out of the third guide tube 3 to the inspection position. Repeat the above steps until all the inspection points are checked, pull back the guide wire so that the detection head is placed outside the third guide tube 3, and then move the third guide tube 3 out of the casing 5. There is no bump in the whole process to prevent the introduction of excess impurities into the engine.

In the example shown in Fig. 17 in combination with Fig. 18, the first guide pipe 1 is selected to check the rotor blades 8 of different stages of the gas turbine engine. First, the first guide pipe 1 is penetrated into the inside of the casing 5 from one or more layers of casing holes of the casing 5, and the handle 4 is adjusted so that the positioning plane γ is parallel to the engine axis i, and the first guide pipe 1 is aligned. Fix the first guide tube 1 after positioning the first-stage rotor blade 801 at the first inspection point. Then the guide wire and the probe of the borescope are inserted into the first guide tube 1 until the probe reaches the inspection position. After completing the inspection of the first detection point 801, pull back the guide wire so that the detection head is located inside the first guide tube 1, and the adjustment handle 4 passes through the rectangular side 403, the arc side 404, and the blind holes 401 and 402 relative to the flange. After the position of the surface 502 is positioned, the next inspection point is positioned and fixed and the first guide tube 1 is fixed, and the probe head is stretched out of the first guide tube 1 to reach the inspection position. Repeat the above steps until all the inspection points are checked, pull back the guide wire so that the detection head is placed outside the first guide tube 1, and then move the first guide tube 1 out of the casing 5. There is no bump in the whole process to prevent the introduction of excess impurities into the engine. For the inspection of the rotor blades of the Nth stage, the extension length of the bent pipe part of the selected first guide pipe 1 is the first length; The extension length of the pipe portion is a second length, and the second length is greater than the first length.

To sum up, the beneficial effects of the guiding structure of the borehole guide line and the borehole inspection method introduced in the above embodiments include but are not limited to one or a combination of the following:

1. The guide tube can guide the guide line to the point to be measured, without the need for the operator to hold it all the time, and can carry out the rest of the work, which saves physical strength and is less prone to operational errors, improving detection efficiency. At the same time, it protects the detection head and the inside of the engine to prevent bumps and save detection costs.

2. There are three guide tubes with different structures, which can meet the guidance of the guide lines for borehole inspection in different areas of the engine. When the blade body of multi-stage low-pressure turbine blades needs to be detected, the first guide tube can be selected for coordination and positioning. The root of the turbine stator blade can be detected with the second guide tube for positioning, and the third guide tube can be used for positioning when observing the blade area in the circumferential direction of the engine.

3. The angle between the bent pipe part and the straight pipe part can make the guide pipe better avoid the internal parts of the engine, prevent bruises, prevent the introduction of unnecessary impurities, and reduce additional maintenance costs.

4. The blind hole and asymmetric structure of the handle help to identify the direction of the guide tube by reference, and the detection point can be quickly and accurately located without friction without manual judgment by the operator.

5. The guide tube has good thermoplasticity, and the three-dimensional structure of the guide tube can be adjusted by preheating, so that the guide tube can match more detection positions and the utilization rate is higher.

6. The method of borehole inspection by using the above-mentioned guiding structure is efficient and convenient, and can avoid collisions between the detection head and the internal parts of the engine.

Although the present invention is disclosed above with preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention, and any person skilled in the art can make possible changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, any amendments, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above implementation methods according to the technical essence of the present invention, which do not deviate from the technical solutions of the present invention, all fall within the scope of protection defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A guiding structure of a borehole guide wire, characterized in that it comprises a guiding tube, and the guiding tube comprises: Straight lines; and bending tube; The bent pipe part is located downstream of the straight pipe part and connected to the straight pipe part, and the axis of the straight pipe part is set so as not to coincide with the extending direction of the outlet end of the bent pipe part. 2. The guide structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, defining the plane formed by the extension direction of the straight pipe portion and the extension direction of the bent pipe portion as a first plane, the straight pipe portion has a fixed position , so that the straight pipe portion is fixed with the casing at the fixed position; the guiding structure includes: The first guide tube, the bending direction of the first guide tube is located in a plane perpendicular to the first plane; the bent tube part of the first guide tube has a wave-shaped extension section, and the crest of the wave-shaped extension section, The bending radius of the trough is 2-5 times the outer diameter of the guide tube, and the bending angle of the peak and trough is 45°-170°; and/or The second guide tube, the bending direction of the second guide tube is located on the first plane, the bent tube part of the second guide tube has a second hook segment, and the clamping between the end of the second hook segment and the starting end The angle is 30°-80°, and the bending radius of the second hook segment is 2-5 times the outer diameter of the guide tube; and / or The third guide tube, the bending direction of the third guide tube is located in the first plane, the bent tube part of the third guide tube has a third hook segment, and the clamping between the end of the third hook segment and the starting end The angle is 100°-170°, and the bending radius of the third hook segment is 2-5 times the outer diameter of the guide tube. 3. The guiding structure according to claim 2, wherein the bent tube portion of the second guiding tube comprises a straight tube section, and the angle between the straight tube section and the straight tube portion of the second guiding tube is 45°. °-180°; the bent tube portion of the third guiding tube includes a straight tube section, and the included angle between the straight tube segment and the straight tube portion of the third guiding tube is 45°-180°. 4. The guiding structure according to claim 2, wherein the fixed position further comprises a handle, the handle is fixedly connected to the straight pipe part, and the handle and the straight pipe part define a positioning plane, The first plane of the first guide tube coincides with the positioning plane, the angle between the first plane of the second guide tube and the positioning plane is 0-90°, and the first plane of the third guide tube coincides with the positioning plane The included angle is 0-90°. 5. The guide structure according to claim 4, wherein the handle is an asymmetric structure on both sides, and has a first blind hole, a second blind hole, a rectangular side, and an arc side on both sides. 6. The guiding structure according to claim 1, wherein the material of the guiding tube is a thermoplastic material. 7. A borehole inspection method, characterized in that comprising adopting the guiding structure according to any one of claims 2-6, the borehole inspection method comprising: Step A. For the area where the inspection position is the root of the stator blade of the gas turbine engine or the inner side of the rotor hub, select the second guide pipe of the guide structure; for the inspection position is the rotor blade of the gas turbine engine or it needs to pass through a far hole After the hole is probed, check the end surface area of the rotor step by step, and select the first guide tube of the guide structure; for the blade area where the inspection position is the circumference of the gas turbine engine, select the third guide tube of the guide structure; Step B. Stretch the guide tube from the detection hole of the receiver until it is fixed with the receiver, and the guide tube does not collide with the internal parts of the receiver; Step C. Insert the guide wire and the detection head of the borescope into the guide tube until the detection head reaches the inspection position. 8. The borehole inspection method according to claim 7, characterized in that, in said step A, for the turbine rotor blades of gas turbine engines whose inspection positions are of different stages, the first guiding structure of said guiding structure is selected. tube, for checking the rotor blades of the Nth stage, the extension length of the bent pipe part of the selected first guide pipe is the first length, and for the inspection of the N+1th stage rotor blades, the selected first guiding pipe The extension length of the bent tube portion of the tube is a second length, and the second length is greater than the first length. 9. The borehole inspection method according to claim 7, wherein the material of the guide tube is a thermoplastic material, and in the step B, if the guide tube collides with the parts inside the casing, heating The guide tube adjusts the structure of its bent tube portion until there is no bump between the guide tube and the components inside the casing. 10. The borehole inspection method according to claim 7, wherein the guiding structure further comprises a handle, the handle and the straight pipe portion define a positioning plane, and the first plane of the first guiding tube is in line with the positioning plane. The planes coincide, the angle between the first plane of the second guide tube and the positioning plane is 0°-90°, the angle between the first plane of the third guide tube and the positioning plane is 0°-90°, and In the step B, the guide tube is extended from the detection hole of the casing, and the guide structure is adjusted by adjusting the position of the handle.

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