CN115703875A - Lightweight and high-strength polyurethane high polymer material and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Lightweight and high-strength polyurethane high polymer material and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 56
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000003431 cross linking reagent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229920005906 polyester polyol Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000004088 foaming agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 36
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 26
- MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCO MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol Chemical compound CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- ZJCCRDAZUWHFQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trimethylolpropane Chemical compound CCC(CO)(CO)CO ZJCCRDAZUWHFQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000012970 tertiary amine catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene oxide Chemical compound CC1CO1 GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N adipic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCC(O)=O WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- MSSNHSVIGIHOJA-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentafluoropropane Chemical compound FC(F)CC(F)(F)F MSSNHSVIGIHOJA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000006757 chemical reactions by type Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229930185605 Bisphenol Natural products 0.000 claims description 4
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N D-Glucitol Natural products OC[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-JGWLITMVSA-N D-glucitol Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-JGWLITMVSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene oxide Chemical compound C1CO1 IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N Sucrose Chemical compound O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@]1(CO)O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229930006000 Sucrose Natural products 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000001361 adipic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000011037 adipic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920003232 aliphatic polyester Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920001400 block copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012986 chain transfer agent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000002924 oxiranes Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000006068 polycondensation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000008442 polyphenolic compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000013824 polyphenols Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000600 sorbitol Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000005720 sucrose Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N bisphenol A Chemical compound C=1C=C(O)C=CC=1C(C)(C)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000379 polymerizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001302 tertiary amino group Chemical group 0.000 claims 2
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims 1
- UPMLOUAZCHDJJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,4'-Diphenylmethane Diisocyanate Chemical compound C1=CC(N=C=O)=CC=C1CC1=CC=C(N=C=O)C=C1 UPMLOUAZCHDJJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920002545 silicone oil Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000003512 tertiary amines Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- VPWNQTHUCYMVMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,4'-sulfonyldiphenol Chemical class C1=CC(O)=CC=C1S(=O)(=O)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 VPWNQTHUCYMVMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CFXCGWWYIDZIMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Octyl-3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy-hydrocinnamate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCOC(=O)CCC1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=C1 CFXCGWWYIDZIMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LGRFSURHDFAFJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phthalic anhydride Natural products C1=CC=C2C(=O)OC(=O)C2=C1 LGRFSURHDFAFJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- JHIWVOJDXOSYLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl 2,2-difluorocyclopropane-1-carboxylate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C1CC1(F)F JHIWVOJDXOSYLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005034 decoration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012948 isocyanate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002513 isocyanates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002655 kraft paper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
Abstract
The invention relates to a lightweight high-strength polyurethane high polymer material, a preparation method and application thereof, and mainly solves the technical problems that an automotive polyurethane DVD plate in the prior art is easy to deform and has poor strength when being heated at low density, wherein the novel lightweight high-strength polyurethane high polymer material is composed of a component A and a component B, and the weight part ratio of the component A to the component B is 100: 160-200, wherein the component A comprises the following components in parts by weight: 20-40 parts of polyether polyol I, 20-40 parts of polyether polyol II, 15-30 parts of polyester polyol, 3-10 parts of polycarbonate-polyether polyol, 5-10 parts of cross-linking agent, 0.8-2 parts of reactive catalyst, 1-2 parts of surfactant, 10-20 parts of physical foaming agent and 4-6 parts of water; the component B is a mixture of polymeric MDI and modified MDI, the weight part ratio of the polymeric MDI to the modified MDI is 100-100, and the preparation method thereof can be used for better solving the problems and can be used for industrial application of the composite plate of the automobile ceiling.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a lightweight and high-strength polyurethane high polymer material, and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
Nowadays, people have higher and higher demands on automobiles, and experience of riding is more and more studied, wherein sound insulation and noise reduction in automobiles are one of targets of each medium-high-end automobile which is continuously pursued to be perfect. The automotive interior ceiling is as one of the parts that interior outer space area of contact is the biggest, its a function of making an uproar falls in giving sound insulation also becomes the focus of research in the trade, for good syllable-dividing effect, install the reinforcing plate that gives sound insulation in automotive interior ceiling usually, DVD board for short, adopt corrugated cardboard to fill in traditional production process, its shortcoming is very obvious, the effect of making an uproar falls in the syllable-dividing is poor, do not resist and milden and rot, the deformation easily appears under the higher temperature condition, this difficult problem has been solved well to the appearance of polyurethane material, the ceiling adopts polyurethane semihard board as the skeleton, evenly coat polyurethane adhesive from top to bottom, the surface sprays right amount of water, compound kraft paper from top to bottom, form high strength, high temperature resistant sandwich structure that warp. In the prior art, the density of the polyurethane plate for DVD plate is generally 40-50 kg/m 3 The physical property requirement of the material is as follows: the tensile strength is more than or equal to 200Kpa, the compressive strength is more than or equal to 160Kpa, and the bending strength is more than or equal to 210Kpa, but host manufacturers usually want to reduce the material cost and achieve the aim of light weight of automobiles, and at this time, the density of the material needs to be reduced, but the reduction of the density can cause the material performance to be obviously reduced, particularly the strength is not enough, and the humidity and heat resistance and aging resistance are poor.
Chinese patent CN 102399437A discloses a special DVD high-density PU plate for automobile interior decoration, which is prepared by mixing polyether polyol and polyester polyol, adding hard foam silicone oil, a catalyst, a foaming agent and a pore-forming agent, and mixing and stirring with crude MDI, wherein the tensile strength of the high-density PU plate is more than or equal to 200Kpa, the compression strength of the high-density PU plate is more than or equal to 160Kpa, the bending strength of the high-density PU plate is more than or equal to 210Kpa, but the density of the high-density PU plate is more than or equal to 40kg/m 3 。
Chinese patent CN 102504180A discloses a special for automobile ceilingThe low-density PU board is characterized by being prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50-70 parts of polyether polyol, 20-30 parts of phthalic anhydride polyester polyol, 10-20 parts of high-functionality polyether polyol, 1-2 parts of hard foam silicone oil, 0.1-0.5 part of amine catalyst, 5-25 parts of foaming agent and 0.5-1.0 part of pore-forming agent are uniformly mixed to prepare a material A, the material A and 140-180 parts of crude MDI (isocyanate) are reacted to form a large foam block, and the density of the sliced PU can reach 15-25 kg/m 3 The composite material is used as an automobile ceiling, and has the advantages of high rigidity, good dimensional stability and low cost. However, the patent does not disclose the specific physical property indexes of the prepared low-density PU board.
Therefore, there is a need for development of a polyurethane sheet having excellent physical properties even at a low density and suitable for use in automobile roofs.
Disclosure of Invention
One of the technical problems to be solved by the invention is to provide a lightweight and high-strength polyurethane polymer material which has the advantages of high strength and low dimensional change rate at low density and can be used for an automobile ceiling, wherein the polyurethane DVD plate for the automobile in the prior art is easy to deform under heat at low density and has poor strength. The second technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method for preparing a lightweight, high-strength polyurethane polymer material corresponding to the first technical problem. The third technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an application of a lightweight, high-strength polyurethane polymer material corresponding to one of the technical problems to be solved.
In order to solve one of the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a lightweight high-strength polyurethane high polymer material comprises a component A and a component B, wherein the weight part ratio of the component A to the component B is 100: 160-200, wherein the component A comprises the following components in parts by weight: 20-40 parts of polyether polyol I, 20-40 parts of polyether polyol II, 15-30 parts of polyester polyol, 3-10 parts of polycarbonate-polyether polyol, 5-10 parts of cross-linking agent, 0.8-2 parts of reactive catalyst, 1-2 parts of surfactant, 10-20 parts of physical foaming agent and 4-6 parts of water; the component B is a mixture of polymeric MDI and modified MDI, and the weight part ratio of the polymeric MDI to the modified MDI is 100; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the polyether polyol I is prepared by polymerizing at least one of propylene glycol, trimethylolpropane or glycerol as an initiator and propylene oxide or ethylene oxide, and has an average molecular weight of 2000-5000 and a primary hydroxyl content of 0-30%;
the polyether polyol II is polyether polyol which is prepared by taking one or two of glycerol, diethylene glycol, sucrose or sorbitol as an initiator and carrying out block polymerization on propylene oxide, and has the viscosity of 2500-6000 mpa & s and the hydroxyl value of 200-800 mgKOH/g;
the polyester polyol is aliphatic polyester polyol formed by polycondensation of adipic acid and one or two of ethylene glycol or diethylene glycol, the average molecular weight is 600-3000, and the hydroxyl value is 35-200 mgKOH/g;
the polycarbonate-polyether polyol is prepared by copolymerizing carbon dioxide and epoxide under the catalysis of a bimetallic complex catalyst by taking bisphenols or polyphenols as a chain transfer agent, and has the average molecular weight of 1500-3000 and the hydroxyl value of 30-60 mgKOH/g;
the cross-linking agent is micromolecular alcohol with 3 functionality, and the average molecular weight of the cross-linking agent is 80-200;
the reaction type catalyst is a tertiary amine type catalyst containing hydroxyl; the surfactant is a polysiloxane-alkylene oxide block copolymer.
In the above technical scheme, preferably, the polyether polyol I is selected from at least one of CHE-2028, CHED-28, CHE-5602 or CHE-3050F; the polyether polyol II is selected from at least one of N-635 or ZS-4110; the polyester polyol is selected from at least one of POL-1125, POL-138, POL-265 or POL-256; the polycarbonate-polyether polyol is selected from at least one of PCE220B or PCE 230B; the cross-linking agent is selected from at least one of trimethylolpropane or glycerol; the physical foaming agent is selected from at least one of HFC-245fa or HFC-365 mfc; the surfactant is selected from at least one of L5420, L6952, L5440, B8460, B8558 or B8484; the polymeric MDI is selected from at least one of 44V20L, M20S, PM-300 or PM-200, and the modified MDI is selected from at least one of PM-8223, PM-8230 or PM-8236.
In the above technical solution, preferably, the tertiary amine catalyst is at least one selected from an intumescent tertiary amine catalyst and a gel tertiary amine catalyst.
In the above technical solution, preferably, the foamed tertiary amine catalyst is selected from at least one of NE300, NE310 or NE 210; the gel type tertiary amine catalyst is at least one of NE1070, NE1082 or NE 1091.
To solve the second technical problem, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a preparation method of the lightweight high-strength polyurethane high polymer material comprises the following steps:
(1) Preparing raw materials according to the following components in parts by weight:
the weight part ratio of the component A to the component B is 100: 160-200, wherein the component A comprises the following components in parts by weight: 20-40 parts of polyether polyol I, 20-40 parts of polyether polyol II, 15-30 parts of polyester polyol, 3-10 parts of polycarbonate-polyether polyol, 5-10 parts of cross-linking agent, 0.8-2 parts of reactive catalyst, 1-2 parts of surfactant, 10-20 parts of physical foaming agent and 4-6 parts of water; the component B is a mixture of polymeric MDI and modified MDI, and the weight portion ratio of the polymeric MDI to the modified MDI is 100:50 to 100;
wherein, the polyether polyol I is polyether polyol which is polymerized by taking at least one of propylene glycol, trimethylolpropane or glycerol as an initiator and at least one of propylene oxide or ethylene oxide, the average molecular weight of the polyether polyol I is 2000-5000, and the content of primary hydroxyl is 0-30%; the polyether polyol II is polyether polyol which is prepared by taking one or two of glycerol, diethylene glycol, sucrose or sorbitol as an initiator and carrying out block polymerization on propylene oxide, and has the viscosity of 2500-6000 mpa.s and the hydroxyl value of 200-800 mgKOH/g; the polyester polyol is aliphatic polyester polyol formed by polycondensation of adipic acid and one or two of ethylene glycol or diethylene glycol, the average molecular weight of the polyester polyol is 600-3000, and the hydroxyl value is 35-200 mgKOH/g; the polycarbonate-polyether polyol is prepared by using bisphenol or polyphenol as a chain transfer agent and catalyzing carbon dioxide and epoxide to copolymerize by using a bimetallic complex catalyst, and has an average molecular weight of 1500-3000 and a hydroxyl value of 30-60 mgKOH/g; the cross-linking agent is micromolecular alcohol with 3 functionality, and the average molecular weight of the cross-linking agent is 80-200; the reaction type catalyst is a tertiary amine type catalyst containing hydroxyl; the surfactant is polysiloxane-oxyalkylene block copolymer;
(2) Preparation of component A:
sequentially adding polyether glycol I, polyether glycol II, polyester glycol, polycarbonate-polyether glycol, a cross-linking agent, a reactive catalyst, a surfactant, a physical foaming agent and water into a container A according to the components and parts by weight in the step (1), and uniformly stirring at the temperature of 20-25 ℃ to obtain a component A;
(3) Preparation of component B:
adding polymeric MDI and modified MDI into a container B according to the components and the parts by weight in the step (1), and uniformly stirring at the temperature of 20-25 ℃ to obtain a component B;
(4) And (2) quickly mixing and uniformly stirring the component A and the component B according to the weight part ratio of 100-160, quickly injecting the mixture into a tool mold prepared in advance, and curing for 2-3 days after the free rise is finished to obtain the lightweight high-strength polyurethane high polymer material.
To solve the third technical problem, the invention provides the following technical scheme: the lightweight and high-strength polyurethane high polymer material is applied to the automobile ceiling composite DVD plate.
The light-weight and high-strength polyurethane high polymer material provided by the invention is prepared by selecting and compounding different polyether polyols, silicone oil and catalysts, particularly by introducing polyester polyol and polycarbonate-polyether polyol with special structural properties into reaction components, the structural strength of the material is remarkably improved, and the density of the material is as low as 19kg/m 3 When the material is used, the tensile strength reaches 223Kpa, the compression strength reaches 175Kpa, the temperature is 80 ℃, the humidity is 90 percent, and the size change rate is less than or equal to 0.5 percent after the material is subjected to damp-heat aging, so that the light weight and high strength of the material are really realized, and a better technical effect is obtained.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further illustrated by the following examples, but is not limited to these examples.
TABLE 1 raw material List
[ example 1 ]
A preparation method of a lightweight high-strength polyurethane high polymer material comprises the following steps:
(1) Preparing the following raw materials in parts by weight:
and (2) component A:100 parts, specifically 40 parts of CHE-2028, 20 parts of N-635, 15 parts of POL-1125, 5 parts of PCE-220B, 5 parts of trimethylolpropane, 0.5 part of NE310, 0.8 part of NE1091,1 part of B8460, 4.7 parts of water and 8 parts of HFC-245fa component B:180 parts, specifically 100 parts of M20S and 80 parts of PM-8223
(2) Preparation of component A:
according to the weight parts in the step (1), adding CHE-2028, N-635, POL-1125, PCE-220B, trimethylolpropane, NE310, NE1091, B8460, water and HFC-245fa into a container A in sequence, and stirring uniformly at the temperature of 22 +/-2 ℃ to obtain a component A;
(3) Preparation of component B:
adding M20S and PM-8223 into the container B according to the weight parts in the step (1), and uniformly stirring at the temperature of 22 +/-2 ℃ to obtain a component B;
(4) After the component A and the component B are quickly mixed and uniformly stirred, the mixture is quickly injected into a tool mold prepared in advance, after the free initiation is finished, the mixture is cured for 3 days to prepare the lightweight high-strength polyurethane high polymer material, and after the polyurethane high polymer material is sliced, the physical property test is carried out, and the performance index data of the polyurethane high polymer material is shown in table 3.
The prepared lightweight and high-strength polyurethane high polymer material is used for manufacturing a DVD plate for an automobile ceiling.
[ examples 2 to 10 ]
Examples 2 to 10 were carried out according to the steps of example 1, except that the foaming formulation had different reaction materials and ratios of the materials, as shown in table 2; the performance index data of the prepared lightweight, high-strength polyurethane polymer material is shown in table 3. The prepared lightweight and high-strength polyurethane high polymer material is used for preparing a DVD plate for an automobile roof.
TABLE 2 EXAMPLES 1 TO 10 examples 1 TO 10 weight parts of each component in the formulation of lightweight, high-strength polyurethane polymer material
[ COMPARATIVE EXAMPLE 1 ]
A preparation method of a polyurethane high polymer material comprises the following steps:
(1) Preparing the following raw materials in parts by weight:
and (2) component A:100 parts, specifically 55 parts of CHE-2028, 25 parts of N-635, 5 parts of trimethylolpropane, 0.5 part of NE310, 0.8 part of NE1091,1 part of B8460, 4.7 parts of water and 8 parts of HFC-245fa
And (B) component: 180 parts, specifically 100 parts of M20S and 80 parts of PM-8223
(2) Preparation of component A:
according to the weight parts in the step (1), adding CHE-2028, N-635, trimethylolpropane, NE1091, B8460, water and HFC-245fa into a container A in sequence, and uniformly stirring at the temperature of 22 +/-2 ℃ to obtain a component A;
(3) Preparation of component B:
adding M20S and PM-8223 into the container B according to the weight parts in the step (1), and uniformly stirring at the temperature of 22 +/-2 ℃ to obtain a component B;
(4) Quickly mixing and uniformly stirring the component A and the component B, quickly injecting the mixture into a tool mold prepared in advance, curing the mixture for 3 days after the free rise is finished to prepare a polyurethane high polymer material product, and testing the physical properties after slicing, wherein the performance index data of the polyurethane high polymer material product is shown in a table 3.
The prepared polyurethane high polymer material is used for preparing a DVD plate for an automobile ceiling.
[ COMPARATIVE EXAMPLE 2 ]
The polyurethane high polymer material is prepared by adopting a formula of a common polyurethane high polymer material on the market, and comprises the following steps:
(1) Preparing the following raw materials in parts by weight:
component A:100 parts, specifically 45 parts of CHE-5602, 40 parts of ZS-4110,5 parts of glycerol, 0.3 part of NE300,0.8 part of NE1091,1 part of L5440,7.4 parts of water and 0.5 part of antioxidant 1135
And (B) component: 180 parts, in particular 180 parts of M20S
(2) Preparation of component A:
according to the weight parts in the step (1), adding CHE-5602, ZS-4110, glycerol, NE300, NE1091, L5440, water and an antioxidant in sequence into a container A, and uniformly stirring at the temperature of 22 +/-2 ℃ to obtain a component A;
(3) Preparation of component B:
adding M20S into a container B according to the weight parts in the step (1), and uniformly stirring at the temperature of 22 +/-2 ℃ to obtain a component B;
(4) And (3) quickly mixing and stirring the component A and the component B uniformly, quickly injecting the mixture into a tool mold prepared in advance, curing the mixture for 3 days after the free rise is finished to prepare a polyurethane high polymer material product, and carrying out physical property test after slicing, wherein the performance index data is shown in table 3.
The prepared polyurethane high polymer material is used for preparing a DVD plate for an automobile ceiling.
TABLE 3 Performance test data of the polyurethane polymers of examples 1 to 10 and comparative examples 1 to 2
The density detection standard is as follows: GB/T6343-2009
The tensile strength detection standard is as follows: ISO 1926-2009
The detection standard of the elongation at break is as follows: ISO 1926-2009
The compression strength detection standard is as follows: GB/T8813-2020
The bending strength detection standard is as follows: GB/T8812.2-2007
Processing at 80 ℃ and 90% humidity for 8h, and detecting the size change rate according to the following detection standards: ISO2796-1986
As can be seen from the data results of table 3: compared with the comparative examples 1 and 2, the physical properties such as tensile strength, elongation at break, compressive strength and the like under the conventional conditions are obviously improved, and the dimensional change rate can still be less than or equal to 0.5 percent after the treatment under the conditions of 80 ℃ and 90 percent of humidity, so that the performance advantage of the low-density polyurethane material is obvious compared with that of the common low-density polyurethane material.
In conclusion, the material obtained by the preparation method of the polyurethane polymer material provided by the invention has the advantages of light weight, high strength, good humidity and heat resistance stability, and good technical effect, and can be used in industrial application of automobile polyurethane ceiling DVD plates.
Claims (6)
1. A lightweight high-strength polyurethane high polymer material comprises a component A and a component B, wherein the weight part ratio of the component A to the component B is 100: 160-200, wherein the component A comprises the following components in parts by weight: 20-40 parts of polyether polyol I, 20-40 parts of polyether polyol II, 15-30 parts of polyester polyol, 3-10 parts of polycarbonate-polyether polyol, 5-10 parts of cross-linking agent, 0.8-2 parts of reactive catalyst, 1-2 parts of surfactant, 10-20 parts of physical foaming agent and 4-6 parts of water; the component B is a mixture of polymeric MDI and modified MDI, and the weight part ratio of the polymeric MDI to the modified MDI is 100; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the polyether polyol I is prepared by polymerizing at least one of propylene glycol, trimethylolpropane or glycerol as an initiator and at least one of propylene oxide or ethylene oxide, and has an average molecular weight of 2000-5000 and a primary hydroxyl content of 0-30%;
the polyether polyol II is polyether polyol which is prepared by taking one or two of glycerol, diethylene glycol, sucrose or sorbitol as an initiator and carrying out block polymerization on propylene oxide, and has the viscosity of 2500-6000 mpa & s and the hydroxyl value of 200-800 mgKOH/g;
the polyester polyol is aliphatic polyester polyol formed by polycondensation of adipic acid and one or two of ethylene glycol or diethylene glycol, the average molecular weight is 600-3000, and the hydroxyl value is 35-200 mgKOH/g;
the polycarbonate-polyether polyol is prepared by copolymerizing bisphenol or polyphenol which is used as a chain transfer agent and carbon dioxide and epoxide which are catalyzed by a bimetallic complex catalyst, and has the average molecular weight of 1500-3000 and the hydroxyl value of 30-60 mgKOH/g;
the cross-linking agent is micromolecular alcohol with 3 functionality, and the average molecular weight of the cross-linking agent is 80-200;
the reaction type catalyst is a tertiary amine type catalyst containing hydroxyl; the surfactant is a polysiloxane-alkylene oxide block copolymer.
2. The light-weight, high-strength polyurethane polymer material according to claim 1, wherein the polyether polyol i is at least one selected from CHE-2028, CHE-28, CHE-5602 or CHE-3050F; the polyether polyol II is selected from at least one of N-635 or ZS-4110; the polyester polyol is selected from at least one of POL-1125, POL-138, POL-265 or POL-256; the polycarbonate-polyether polyol is selected from at least one of PCE220B or PCE 230B; the cross-linking agent is selected from at least one of trimethylolpropane or glycerol; the physical foaming agent is at least one of HFC-245fa or HFC-365 mfc; the surfactant is selected from at least one of L5420, L6952, L5440, B8460, B8558 or B8484; the polymeric MDI is selected from at least one of 44V20L, M20S, PM-300 or PM-200, and the modified MDI is selected from at least one of PM-8223, PM-8230 or PM-8236.
3. The light-weight, high-strength polyurethane polymer material according to claim 1, wherein said tertiary amine catalyst is at least one selected from the group consisting of an intumescent tertiary amine catalyst and a gel tertiary amine catalyst.
4. The light-weight, high-strength polyurethane polymer material according to claim 3, wherein said blowing tertiary amine catalyst is at least one selected from NE300, NE310, and NE 210; the gel type tertiary amine catalyst is selected from at least one of NE1070, NE1082 or NE 1091.
5. A method of preparing a light weight, high strength polyurethane polymeric material of claim 1, comprising the steps of:
(1) Preparing raw materials according to the following components in parts by weight:
the weight part ratio of the component A to the component B is 100: 160-200, wherein the component A comprises the following components in parts by weight: 20-40 parts of polyether polyol I, 20-40 parts of polyether polyol II, 15-30 parts of polyester polyol, 3-10 parts of polycarbonate-polyether polyol, 5-10 parts of cross-linking agent, 0.8-2 parts of reactive catalyst, 1-2 parts of surfactant, 10-20 parts of physical foaming agent and 4-6 parts of water; the component B is a mixture of polymeric MDI and modified MDI, and the weight part ratio of the polymeric MDI to the modified MDI is 100:50 to 100;
wherein, the polyether polyol I is prepared by polymerizing at least one of propylene glycol, trimethylolpropane or glycerol as an initiator and propylene oxide or ethylene oxide, and has an average molecular weight of 2000-5000 and a primary hydroxyl content of 0-30%; the polyether polyol II is polyether polyol which is prepared by taking one or two of glycerol, diethylene glycol, sucrose or sorbitol as an initiator and carrying out block polymerization on propylene oxide, and has the viscosity of 2500-6000 mpa.s and the hydroxyl value of 200-800 mgKOH/g; the polyester polyol is aliphatic polyester polyol formed by polycondensation of adipic acid and one or two of ethylene glycol or diethylene glycol, the average molecular weight of the polyester polyol is 600-3000, and the hydroxyl value is 35-200 mgKOH/g; the polycarbonate-polyether polyol is prepared by using bisphenol or polyphenol as a chain transfer agent and catalyzing carbon dioxide and epoxide to copolymerize by using a bimetallic complex catalyst, and has the average molecular weight of 1500-3000 and the hydroxyl value of 30-60 mgKOH/g; the cross-linking agent is micromolecule alcohol with 3 functionality, and the average molecular weight of the cross-linking agent is 80-200; the reaction type catalyst is a tertiary amine type catalyst containing hydroxyl; the surfactant is polysiloxane-oxyalkylene block copolymer;
(2) Preparation of component A:
sequentially adding polyether glycol I, polyether glycol II, polyester polyol, polycarbonate-polyether glycol, a cross-linking agent, a reaction type catalyst, a surfactant, a physical foaming agent and water into a container A according to the components and parts by weight in the step (1), and uniformly stirring at the temperature of 20-25 ℃ to obtain a component A;
(3) Preparation of component B:
adding polymeric MDI and modified MDI into a container B according to the components and the parts by weight in the step (1), and uniformly stirring at the temperature of 20-25 ℃ to obtain a component B;
(4) And (2) quickly mixing and uniformly stirring the component A and the component B according to the weight part ratio of 100-160, quickly injecting the mixture into a tool mold prepared in advance, and curing for 2-3 days after the free rise is finished to obtain the lightweight high-strength polyurethane high polymer material.
6. The use of the lightweight, high-strength polyurethane polymer material of claim 1 in an automotive ceiling composite DVD panel.
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