CN115703345A - Transmission device for a hybrid drive train of a motor vehicle - Google Patents

Transmission device for a hybrid drive train of a motor vehicle Download PDF

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Publication number
CN115703345A
CN115703345A CN202210941397.9A CN202210941397A CN115703345A CN 115703345 A CN115703345 A CN 115703345A CN 202210941397 A CN202210941397 A CN 202210941397A CN 115703345 A CN115703345 A CN 115703345A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
shaft
transmission device
switching
electric machine
planetary gear
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN202210941397.9A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
S·贝克
F·库特尔
J·卡尔滕巴赫
M·韦克斯
T·马丁
M·布雷默
P·齐默
T·克罗
M·霍恩
M·巴赫曼
O·拜耳
J·帕拉科维奇
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ZF Friedrichshafen AG
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ZF Friedrichshafen AG
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Publication date
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Publication of CN115703345A publication Critical patent/CN115703345A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/36—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings
    • B60K6/365—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings with the gears having orbital motion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/38—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the driveline clutches
    • B60K6/387—Actuated clutches, i.e. clutches engaged or disengaged by electric, hydraulic or mechanical actuating means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/44—Series-parallel type
    • B60K6/442—Series-parallel switching type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/50—Architecture of the driveline characterised by arrangement or kind of transmission units
    • B60K6/54—Transmission for changing ratio
    • B60K6/547—Transmission for changing ratio the transmission being a stepped gearing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/48—Parallel type
    • B60K2006/4833—Step up or reduction gearing driving generator, e.g. to operate generator in most efficient speed range
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/62—Hybrid vehicles

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Structure Of Transmissions (AREA)
  • Hybrid Electric Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a transmission device (1) for a hybrid drive train (2) of a motor vehicle, comprising a first shaft (13) connected or connectable to an internal combustion engine (3), two countershafts (5, 6) and an electric machine (20), wherein the transmission device (1) has three shift planes (7-9) arranged one behind the other in the axial direction, and the electric machine (20) is arranged in the third shift plane (9) in connection with a planetary gear (19).

Description

Transmission device for a hybrid drive train of a motor vehicle
Technical Field
The invention relates to a transmission device for a hybrid drive train of a motor vehicle, comprising a first shaft connected or connectable to an internal combustion engine, two countershafts and an electric machine.
Background
Transmission devices for hybrid drive trains of motor vehicles are known in principle from the prior art. Such a transmission device is connected to at least one internal combustion engine and at least one electric machine in a motor vehicle or its drive train and, for example, enables the motor vehicle to be driven selectively by the internal combustion engine and the electric machine. In this case, different operating modes or driving modes can be implemented, in particular the electric machine can be used for assisting driving operation or for purely electric driving operation. The electric machine can also be used as a starting element and form a so-called electric starting element ("EDA"). In addition, within the scope of a belt-loaded shifting method, the tractive force can be assisted or applied electrically, for example, in order to unload the internal combustion engine and to carry out a corresponding shifting operation.
In known transmission devices, a plurality of gear planes or shift planes are usually required in order to provide a corresponding number of gears. Furthermore, the arrangement of the motor is often a challenge. The electric machine is typically connected to one of a plurality of shafts, such as countershafts, through at least one gear.
Disclosure of Invention
The object on which the invention is based is to provide a transmission device which is more compact than this.
This object is achieved by a transmission device having the features of claim 1. Advantageous embodiments are the subject matter of the dependent claims.
As already mentioned, the invention relates to a transmission device for a hybrid drive train of a motor vehicle, comprising a first shaft and two countershafts, which transmission device is connected or can be connected to an internal combustion engine via the first shaft. The transmission device also has an electric machine which, as described above, can be used for different driving modes of the motor vehicle. In particular, the transmission device has three shift planes arranged one behind the other in the axial direction, in which the electric machine is arranged in connection with a planetary gear.
The axial direction is understood in the sense of the present application as the direction of extension of the axis of rotation, i.e. for example the direction of extension of the first shaft and the two countershafts. The sequential arrangement of the individual shift planes in the axial direction is therefore to be understood from the transmission input, for example at the connection point of the first shaft to the internal combustion engine or to be connectable. Starting from this point, the switching planes thus extend as a first, a second and a third switching plane, in which the electric machine and the described planetary gear set are arranged. In this case, the transmission device has, in particular, exactly three shift planes. Two further shift planes are therefore provided between the transmission input and the planetary gear. In each of the two shift planes between the transmission input and the third shift plane, there is therefore a gear wheel on the first shaft which meshes with at least one respective tooth on one of the countershafts.
Since three shift planes are currently used, two of which are arranged on the first shaft or on the countershaft and the electric machine is connected via a planetary gear, a relatively compact construction in the axial direction is achieved. In this case, exactly two electric gears can be provided by the planetary gear, which can also use gear wheels arranged on the countershaft, in particular a single countershaft gear wheel.
According to one embodiment of the transmission device, it can be provided that the planetary gear train is arranged at least partially, in particular completely, in the axial direction in the rotor of the electric machine. According to this embodiment, the planetary gear set and the electric machine, in particular the rotor of the electric machine, are configured so as to be "nested", i.e. the planetary gear set is arranged at least in sections in the spatial volume defined by the electric machine rotor. In this case, the planetary gear set can be arranged largely, in particular completely, within the rotor of the electric machine, i.e. the planetary gear set is surrounded in the radial direction at least in sections by the rotor of the electric machine. By arranging the planetary gear in the rotor, the installation space in the axial direction can be further saved. The compact design of the transmission device can thereby be further improved.
The electric machine may in particular be arranged concentrically on or with the first shaft. Thus, the planetary gear transmission and the electric motor in the third switching plane may be arranged coaxially and concentrically with each other on the first shaft. The electric machine therefore does not have to be connected separately to one of the first shaft or the countershaft by means of a toothing system, but rather the electric machine can already be arranged concentrically on or concentrically with the first shaft, as described above, the planetary gear set also being arranged concentrically on or concentrically with the first shaft, i.e. in particular at least in sections within the rotor of the electric machine. The electric motor and the planetary gear can in particular be arranged on a second shaft which is arranged on the same rotational axis as the first shaft.
Finally, the transmission device can have any number of shift devices which are designed to detachably connect different elements of the transmission device to one another. According to one embodiment of the transmission device, the transmission device can have at least four shift devices. The first switching device can be arranged on the first countershaft and designed to detachably connect the first movable gearwheel to the first countershaft and the second switching device can be arranged on the second countershaft and designed to detachably connect the second movable gearwheel to the second countershaft. Furthermore, a third shifting device can be arranged on the second shaft and is designed to lock the planetary gear. The term "lockup" (Sperren) of a planetary gear train is also understood to mean "lockup" (Verblocken) of a planetary gear train. The planetary gear set can be bridged in this case in the locked or locked state.
In the first switching plane or gear plane, the first shaft can have a section which is designed in the form of a hollow shaft and which at least partially surrounds the second shaft. The gear wheels arranged on the layshaft may be driven by the first shaft. In the second gear plane, the first shaft or a third shaft surrounding the second shaft can have a fixed gear, which meshes with a fixed gear on one of the countershafts, for example. The fixed wheels on the countershaft can also be designed here as loose wheels.
There are various possibilities to achieve locking or locking of the planetary gear. The third switching device described can be designed in particular for directly connecting the second shaft to the rotor of the electric machine. The second or third shaft can also be connected to a ring gear of the planetary gear, where the rotor is connected to a sun gear of the planetary gear. Another possibility is to connect the planet carrier to the ring gear or the sun gear to the planetary gear.
As described, the transmission device has two countershafts, two loose wheels arranged on the countershafts being engageable with one fixed wheel arranged on the first shaft. The first shaft can be detachably connected to the second shaft by means of a fourth shifting device or the two movable wheels can mesh with one fixed wheel on the first shaft and the first shaft can be detachably connected to the sun wheel of the planetary gear, in particular by being connected to the second shaft, by means of the fourth shifting device. Thus, on the one hand each secondary shaft can have at least one movable wheel, which both engage with one fixed wheel on the first shaft. The two movable wheels thus share the same fixed wheel on the first shaft, so that the fixed wheel has at least two teeth meshing with the two movable wheels on the secondary shaft.
The fixed wheel is in particular arranged on a first shaft, which in this region can be designed as a solid shaft or as a hollow shaft. The fourth shifting device described here can be designed in particular for connecting the first shaft to the second shaft, i.e. for connecting a hollow shaft-shaped section of the first shaft surrounding the second shaft to the second shaft. The first shaft and the second shaft can also both be designed as solid shafts. Thus, according to the switching state of the fourth switching device, the connection is established or disconnected between the first shaft and the second shaft.
The transmission device can also be improved in that the first shaft or the second shaft can be detachably connected to a third shaft, on which a fixed gear is arranged, which meshes with a gear, in particular a fixed gear, on the first countershaft and/or on which the planet carrier of the planetary gear set is arranged.
The first shaft can be designed in two parts, so that the aforementioned fixed gearwheel that meshes with the two loose wheels on the layshafts is located on the first part of the first shaft and the fixed gearwheel that meshes with one fixed gearwheel or with the loose wheel on one of the layshafts is arranged on the second part of the first shaft. The two shafts can surround a second shaft, the first shaft can be connected to the second shaft by a fourth switching device and the two parts of the first shaft can be connected to each other by a fifth switching device or the first shaft can be connected to a third shaft. The fourth and fifth switching devices can be designed as double switching elements for this purpose. In this embodiment, in particular the third shaft is connected to the planet carrier of the planetary gear.
The transmission device may also have a sixth shifting device, which is designed to detachably connect the second shaft to the transmission housing or to a housing of the electric machine. In particular, the previously described second shaft, in particular at the end of the second shaft opposite the transmission input, can be connected to a housing of the electric machine or to the transmission housing. Thus, the first shaft or the second shaft may be fixed, in particular the ring gear of the planetary gear may be connected to the second shaft.
As described, the individual switching devices can be designed as desired as dual switching elements or as single switching elements. In this case, at least two switching devices, in particular all switching devices, can be designed as double switching elements. In particular, the first and second switching devices and/or the fourth and fifth switching devices and/or the third and sixth switching devices can be designed as double switching elements. Alternatively, at least two switching devices, in particular the fourth and fifth switching devices, can also be designed as a single switching element.
The transmission device may also have at least one second electric machine. The second electric machine can be arranged axially parallel to the first shaft or the two countershafts. The second electric machine can in particular have an output element which is geared to the first switching plane or gear plane. In particular, the fixed gear arranged on the first shaft can have three teeth, i.e. it can mesh with the movable gear on the two countershafts and with the output element of the second electrical machine.
The transmission device may also have a separating clutch which is designed to detachably connect the first shaft to the internal combustion engine, said separating clutch being arranged in the axial direction in front of the first shift plane. As described, the first shaft may represent a transmission input of a transmission device, which may be connected with the internal combustion engine via the transmission input of the first shaft. In this region, a separating clutch can be provided, which, depending on the closed state, establishes or breaks a connection between the internal combustion engine and the transmission device, in particular the first shaft.
By arranging the separator clutch in front of the first gear plane, different operating modes can be achieved. In particular, the internal combustion engine can be completely decoupled from the transmission device. In the disengaged state of the internal combustion engine, the motor vehicle can be operated by the electric machine and/or the second electric machine. The electric-only operating mode can be realized here by one or two electric machines. It is also possible to use it as a starter generator.
In addition to the transmission device, the invention also relates to a motor vehicle comprising the described transmission device. All the advantages, details and features already described in relation to the transmission device can be transferred to the motor vehicle.
Drawings
The invention is elucidated below on the basis of embodiments with reference to the drawings. The attached drawings are as follows:
fig. 1 shows a transmission arrangement according to a first embodiment;
FIG. 2 shows a transmission arrangement according to a second embodiment;
FIG. 3 shows a transmission arrangement according to a third embodiment;
FIG. 4 shows a transmission arrangement according to a fourth embodiment;
FIG. 5 shows a transmission arrangement according to a fifth embodiment;
FIG. 6 shows a transmission arrangement according to a sixth embodiment;
FIG. 7 shows a transmission arrangement according to a seventh embodiment; and
fig. 8 shows a transmission device according to an eighth embodiment.
Detailed Description
Fig. 1 shows a transmission device 1 for a hybrid drive train 2 of a motor vehicle, not shown. The transmission device 1 is connected or connectable to the internal combustion engine 3 and has a first shaft 13 and two countershafts 5, 6. On the first shaft 13, three shift planes or gear planes are present, namely a first shift plane 7, a second shift plane 8 and a third shift plane 9, which are arranged one behind the other in the axial direction. The axial direction is understood here as the arrangement of the countershafts 5, 6 and the first shaft 13.
In the first switching plane 7, a fixed gearwheel 10 is arranged on a first shaft 13, which meshes with a movable gearwheel 11, 12 arranged on the countershafts 5, 6. In this exemplary embodiment, the first shaft 13 has a hollow shaft section in this section, which surrounds the second shaft 14. The second shaft 14 is also surrounded by a third shaft 15, and the first shaft 13 and the third shaft 15 are arranged in this order in the axial direction. The first movable sheave 11 on the first countershaft 5 may be connected with the first countershaft 5 by a first switching device B. Similarly, the second movable sheave 12 may be connected to the second secondary shaft 6 by a second switching device C. The terms "first", "second", etc. are of course interchangeable or transferable.
A second fixed sheave 16 is provided on the third shaft 15, which second fixed sheave in this embodiment meshes with a fixed sheave 17 on the first countershaft 5. The third shaft 15 is connected to a planet carrier 18 of a planetary gear 19, which is arranged in the third shifting plane 9 together with an electric motor 20. It can be seen that the rotor 21 of the electric machine 20 is connected to the sun gear 22 of the planetary gear 19, so that torque can be transmitted from the rotor 21 to the planet carrier 18 or to the ring gear 24 via the planet gears 23. The ring gear 24 is connected with the second shaft 14.
It can be seen that the planetary gear mechanism 19 is arranged at least in sections in the axial direction inside the rotor 21 of the electric machine 20. In other words, the rotor 21 surrounds the planetary gear set 19 at least in sections in the radial direction. The planetary gear 19 and the electric motor 20 may therefore be said to be "nested" in the axial direction. By the coaxial, concentric arrangement, in which the planetary gear mechanism 19 is arranged at least in sections in the rotor 21, a particularly compact construction can be achieved. The switching devices E, F are also arranged in the rotor 21, so that they can also be installed in a particularly space-saving manner.
The transmission device 1 also has a third shifting device F, by means of which the planetary gear set 19 can be locked or locked. If the switching device F is closed, the rotor 21 of the electric machine 20 is connected directly to the second shaft 14 and therefore to the ring gear 24, so that the planetary gear 19 is finally bridged. Furthermore, a fourth shifting device D is provided in the transmission device 1, by means of which the first shaft 13 can be connected to the second shaft 14. Alternatively, the first shaft 13 may be connected to the third shaft 15 by a fifth switching device a. The transmission device 1 in this exemplary embodiment also has a sixth shifting device E, by means of which the second shaft 14 can be connected to the transmission housing. In principle, the individual switching devices a-F can be designed arbitrarily. It is expedient here that switching device B, C and/or switching device A, D and/or switching device E, F can be designed as a double switching element. In this and the following embodiments, the switching means a and E are optional.
Alternatively, the transmission device 1 may have a second electric machine 25. The second electric motor 25 can in particular be engaged with the first fixed gearwheel 10 on the first shaft 13, so that the first fixed gearwheel 10 finally has three teeth engagement, namely with the first movable gearwheel 11, with the second movable gearwheel 12 and with the output element of the second electric motor 25.
The transmission device 1 is thus able to implement different driving modes, which shall be described below. In order to use the motor 20 as an electric starting element, all switching means a-F may be kept open, except for the closed fourth switching means D. In this case, torque can be transmitted from the rotor 21 through the sun gear 22, the planetary gears 23, and to the carrier 18 connected to the third shaft 15. The torque is transmitted via the fixed wheels 16, 17 to the first countershaft 5 and can thus be transmitted via the output, for example, to a differential. In this mode, the planetary gear 19 acts as a superposition gear, and the electric machine 20 is connected via the rotor 21 to the sun gear 22.
When the switching device D is closed, the internal combustion engine 3 is connected with the ring gear 24. This makes it possible in particular to start and drive even when the electrical energy store is empty. Starting from this mode, it is possible to transition directly to the other gear, for example to switch to the first gear by closing the shift device a (if the shift device A, D is not designed as a double shift element). A second variant of the first gear is achieved by closing the switching means F starting from the electric starting mode. The transition to the second gear can also be made directly by closing the shifting device B. If the switching device C is closed, the third internal combustion engine gear can be directly shifted.
Furthermore, two first gear positions of the internal combustion engine can be realized, which are realized according to the first variant by closing the fifth shifting device a and opening the remaining shifting devices B-F. The torque generated by the internal combustion engine 3 can thus be transmitted from the first shaft 13 to the third shaft 15 and thus to the output of the first countershaft 5 via the fixed wheels 16, 17, as described in relation to the electric starting element. The second internal combustion engine gear is achieved by closing the third shifting device F and the fourth shifting device D, wherein all the other shifting devices are open. In this case, torque is transmitted from the first shaft 13 to the second shaft 14 and via the rotor 21, the sun gear 22 and the planet gears 23 to the planet carrier 18 and thus again via the fixed gears 16, 17 to the output of the first countershaft 5.
The second internal combustion engine gear is produced by closing only the first switching device B, so that torque can be transmitted from the first shaft 13 via the fixed wheels 12 to the movable wheels 11 and thus to the first countershaft 5 and its output. The third internal combustion engine gear is accordingly achieved by closing only the second shifting device C, so that torque can be transmitted from the first shaft 13 via the fixed gearwheel 10 to the movable gearwheel 12 of the second countershaft 6 and thus to the output of the second countershaft.
Furthermore, the transmission device 1 can realize two electric gears, which are each realized by closing one of the shift devices E, F. When the switching device E is closed, torque is transmitted from the rotor 21 via the sun gear 22 to the planet gears 23 and thus via the planet carrier 18 via the fixed gears 16, 17 to the first countershaft 5 and thus to its output. In contrast, the second electric gear is produced by closing the third shifting device F, so that the planetary gear set 19 is locked. The two electric gears can be transferred directly into the internal combustion engine gear by closing the respectively required shift device A, B, C. This also means that the switching between the internal combustion engine gears can be carried out in an assisted manner by the electric machine 20 pulling force. Furthermore, the switching means a-F may also be synchronized by the rotational speed control of the electric machine 20 or by the rotational speed control of the internal combustion engine 3.
An optionally provided second electric machine 25 can be provided for starting the internal combustion engine 3 from the electric-only driving mode. Furthermore, the supply of the onboard power supply system can be provided or supported by the second electric machine 25. The speed control of the internal combustion engine 3 can also be assisted by the second electric machine 25 when connected or when shifting gears. As described, the electric machine 20 can be disconnected by opening the switching device E, F, so that a more efficient engine running operation can be performed. The basic operating principle of the transmission device 1 described with reference to fig. 1 can in principle be transferred to all the following embodiments.
Fig. 2 shows a transmission device 1 according to a second exemplary embodiment. As described, all the explanations regarding the variants of the transmission device 1 shown in fig. 1 can be fully reversed. The embodiment of fig. 2 differs from the embodiment shown in fig. 1 in that the third shifting device F is no longer designed to connect the rotor 21 directly to the second shaft 14, but the second shaft 14 can now be connected to the planet carrier 18 and thus to the third shaft 15 via the third shifting device F.
The exemplary embodiment according to fig. 3 and 4 again corresponds to the variant according to fig. 1, in which case the separating clutch 26 ("K0") is additionally provided at the transmission input. The internal combustion engine 3 can therefore be disconnected from the first shaft 13 by the separating clutch 26. In fig. 3, the separating clutch 26 is designed as a claw clutch and in fig. 4, the separating clutch 26 is designed as a friction clutch. As described above, the rest of the description can be transferred from the previous embodiments. Instead of the planetary gear mechanism 19 in fig. 3 and 4, a planetary gear mechanism 19 in fig. 2 can also be provided. The variant shown in fig. 3 has, in particular, the following advantages: with the disconnect clutch 26 disengaged, an electric-only driving mode can be implemented by the optionally provided second electric machine 25. The second electric machine 25 can drive the motor vehicle instead of the internal combustion engine 3. In the electric start mode, both forward and reverse electric-only starts are possible. In the electric start mode, a purely electric shift of the first electric machine 20 from the first electric gear to the second electric gear can also be supported by having the second electric machine 25 support the torque on the ring gear 24 during the shift.
It can also be advantageous to open or close under load if a friction clutch as shown in fig. 4 is used instead of the separating clutch 26, which is designed as a claw clutch. The disconnect clutch 26 may be opened under load if, for example, emergency braking is required or if the internal combustion engine 3 fails. Furthermore, the separating clutch 26, which is a friction clutch, can be closed at the difference in rotational speed, so that a so-called "freewheel start" of the internal combustion engine 3 can be achieved by means of the second electric machine 25. In particular, the inertial mass of the second electric machine 25 can be used to start the internal combustion engine 3. As described, the second motor 25 is only optional in these embodiments.
Fig. 5 shows a transmission device 1 according to a fifth exemplary embodiment, the basic description of which can be taken from the previous embodiments. Unlike the variant described above, the third shaft 15 is connected to the planet carrier 18 of the planetary gear 19. In this case, the sun gear 22 is arranged directly on the second shaft 14 and the rotor 21 of the electric machine 20 is connected directly to the ring gear 24. Despite the changes in the planetary gear 19, the shifting scheme remains unchanged compared to the previously described shifting procedure.
Fig. 6 shows a variant which is substantially similar to the embodiment according to fig. 5. In this case, the conventional planetary gear set is expanded by means of multi-stage planetary gears (Stufenplanet), so that the possibilities of different transmission ratios can also be expanded. The connection remains substantially the same here, the sun gear 22 and the ring gear 24 acting on different stages of the planet gears 23. The shifting scheme, i.e. the shifting process performed by closing the different shifting devices a-F, can also be transferred unchanged from the previous embodiment.
In contrast to the embodiment according to fig. 5, the exemplary embodiment in fig. 7 shows a transmission device 1 in which an additional shift device K is arranged between the second shift plane 8 and the third shift plane 9. In other words, the third shaft 15 can be detachably connected to the planetary gear set 19. If the switching device K is open, the planet carrier 18 is disconnected from the third shaft 15. If the switching device K is closed, torque can be transmitted between the third shaft 15 and the planetary gear 19, i.e. via the planet carrier 18. This advantageously enables a large part of the transmission device 1 to be disengaged in a specific operating mode, for example in coasting mode (segelberrib) or in driving mode with an electric rear axle. Thereby, a consumption advantage can be achieved, since less mass has to be towed in the end. The planetary gear mechanism 19 can be disengaged on the output side by means of the positioning switching device K.
Fig. 8 shows an eighth exemplary embodiment of the transmission device 1, wherein the first shaft 13 is shown as a continuous solid shaft, which in this exemplary embodiment is connected to the internal combustion engine 3. As already described, a disconnect clutch 26 may also be provided in this embodiment. Fig. 8 furthermore shows, instead of a double switching element of the switching device A, D, a single switching element, wherein the switching device D is shifted in the axial direction behind the electric machine 20. The first shaft 13 or central shaft is surrounded in the second switching plane 8 by a third shaft 15, which carries a fixed wheel 16, which meshes with a fixed wheel 17 of the first countershaft 5. The first shaft 13 can be connected to a third shaft 15 via a fifth switching device a. The third shaft 15 is also connected to a planet carrier 18 of a planetary gear 19. The second shaft 14 in turn supports a sun gear 22, which meshes via planet gears 23 with a ring gear 24, which ring gear 24 is in turn directly connected to the rotor 21.
As already described, all the details, advantages and features of the different embodiments can be combined with, substituted for and interchanged with one another at will.
List of reference numerals
1. Transmission device
2. Hybrid powertrain
3. Internal combustion engine
5. 6 auxiliary shaft
7-9 switching plane
10. Fixed wheel
11. 12 movable wheel
13. First shaft
14. Second shaft
15. Third shaft
16. 17 fixed wheel
18. Planet carrier
19. Planetary gear transmission mechanism
20. Electric machine
21. Rotor
22. Sun wheel
23. Planetary gear
24. Gear ring
25. Electric machine
26. Separating clutch
A-F switching device
K switching device

Claims (11)

1. Transmission device (1) for a hybrid drive train (2) of a motor vehicle, comprising a first shaft (13) connected or connectable to an internal combustion engine (3) and two countershafts (5, 6) and an electric machine (20), characterized in that the transmission device (1) has three shift planes (7-9) arranged one behind the other in the axial direction, and the electric machine (20) is arranged in the third shift plane (9) in connection with a planetary gear (19).
2. Transmission device (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the planetary gear (19) is arranged at least partially, in particular completely, in the axial direction inside a rotor (21) of the electric machine (20).
3. Transmission arrangement (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the electric machine (20) is arranged concentrically on or with the first shaft (13).
4. Transmission device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the transmission device (1) has at least four switching devices (a-F), a first switching device (B, C) being provided on the first countershaft (5, 6) and being configured for detachably connecting the first movable wheel (11, 12) with the first countershaft (5, 6), and a second switching device (B, C) being provided on the second countershaft (5, 6) and being configured for detachably connecting the second movable wheel (11, 12) with the second countershaft (5, 6), and a third switching device (E, F) being provided on the second shaft (14) and being configured for locking the planetary gear (19).
5. Transmission device (1) according to claim 4, characterised in that two movable wheels (11, 12) arranged on the layshafts (5, 6) mesh with one fixed wheel (10) arranged on a first shaft (13), which first shaft (13) is detachably connectable to a second shaft (14) by means of a fourth switching device (D); or the two movable wheels (11, 12) are in mesh with a fixed wheel (10) on the first shaft (13) and the first shaft (13) can be detachably connected to the sun wheel (22) of the planetary gear (19) via a fourth switching device (D).
6. Transmission device (1) according to claim 5, characterised in that the second shaft (14) or the first shaft (13) can be detachably connected to a third shaft (15) by means of a fifth switching device (A), a fixed wheel (16) being arranged on the third shaft (15) and meshing with a gearwheel, in particular a fixed wheel (17), on the first countershaft (5, 6); and/or a planet carrier (18) of the planetary gear (19) is arranged on the third shaft (15).
7. Transmission device (1) according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the sixth switching device (E) is configured for detachably connecting the second shaft (14) with a housing of the transmission device.
8. Transmission device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least two switching devices (A-F), in particular all switching devices (A-F), are configured as double switching elements, in particular the first and second switching devices (A-F) and/or the fourth and fifth switching devices (A-F) and/or the third and sixth switching devices (A-F) are configured as double switching elements; or at least two switching devices (A-F), in particular the fourth and fifth switching devices (A-F), are designed as a single switching device.
9. Transmission device (1) according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that a second electric machine (25) is provided, which is arranged at the first switching plane axially parallel to the first shaft (13).
10. Transmission device (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a disconnect clutch (26) is provided, which is configured for detachably connecting the first shaft (13) to the internal combustion engine (3), which disconnect clutch (26) is arranged in front of the first switching plane (7) in the axial direction.
11. Motor vehicle comprising a transmission device (1) according to any of the preceding claims.
CN202210941397.9A 2021-08-09 2022-08-08 Transmission device for a hybrid drive train of a motor vehicle Pending CN115703345A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102021208626.8 2021-08-09
DE102021208626.8A DE102021208626A1 (en) 2021-08-09 2021-08-09 Transmission device for a hybrid drive train for a motor vehicle

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN115703345A true CN115703345A (en) 2023-02-17

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN202210941397.9A Pending CN115703345A (en) 2021-08-09 2022-08-08 Transmission device for a hybrid drive train of a motor vehicle

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Country Link
CN (1) CN115703345A (en)
DE (1) DE102021208626A1 (en)

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102011089708B4 (en) 2011-12-23 2023-11-02 Zf Friedrichshafen Ag Hybrid drive of a motor vehicle
DE102019212143A1 (en) 2019-08-13 2021-02-18 Zf Friedrichshafen Ag Hybrid transmission arrangement, hybrid drive train and motor vehicle
DE102020203779A1 (en) 2020-03-24 2021-09-30 Zf Friedrichshafen Ag Hybrid transmission with complete combinability of the ratios
DE102020203775A1 (en) 2020-03-24 2021-09-30 Zf Friedrichshafen Ag Hybrid transmission for a motor vehicle drive train of a motor vehicle

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