CN115692810A - Fuel cell stack and fuel cell system having the same - Google Patents
Fuel cell stack and fuel cell system having the same Download PDFInfo
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- CN115692810A CN115692810A CN202110831127.8A CN202110831127A CN115692810A CN 115692810 A CN115692810 A CN 115692810A CN 202110831127 A CN202110831127 A CN 202110831127A CN 115692810 A CN115692810 A CN 115692810A
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- glue
- fuel cell
- bipolar plate
- cell stack
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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Abstract
The invention discloses a fuel cell stack and a fuel cell system with the same. The fuel cell stack includes: the bipolar plates and the membrane electrodes are alternately stacked, glue lines suitable for being matched with the membrane electrodes in a sealing mode are arranged on two sides of each bipolar plate, areas, corresponding to the glue lines, on two sides of each bipolar plate comprise a first glue area and a second glue area, the projections of the first glue areas on the two sides of each bipolar plate in the thickness direction of the bipolar plate coincide, the projections of the second glue areas on the two sides of each bipolar plate in the thickness direction of the bipolar plate are staggered, the thickness of the glue lines in the second glue areas is larger than that of the glue lines in the first glue areas, and therefore the compression rate and the sealing performance of the glue lines in the second glue areas are guaranteed to be the same as those of the glue lines in the first glue areas, the problems that contact resistance of a fuel cell stack is increased, sealing failure, stack gas leakage, liquid leakage and the like are solved, and accordingly the performance and the reliability of the fuel cell stack are improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of batteries, in particular to a fuel cell stack and a fuel cell system with the same.
Background
In the related art, in the process of packaging the fuel cell stack, the bipolar plate is easily deformed under the influence of the press-fitting force, so that the compression rates of glue lines on different areas where the bipolar plate is matched with the membrane electrode are different, if the glue lines are compressed in a transitional manner, the service life of the glue lines can be influenced, if the press-fitting force is reduced to ensure that the glue lines are in a proper compression rate, the contact force between the membrane electrode and the bipolar plate can be lower than a designed value, and the problems of contact resistance increase, fuel cell stack performance reduction and the like are caused.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention is directed to a fuel cell stack to improve performance and reliability of the stack.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:
a fuel cell stack comprising: the bipolar plates and the membrane electrodes are alternately stacked, glue lines suitable for being matched with the membrane electrodes in a sealing mode are arranged on two sides of each bipolar plate, areas, corresponding to the glue lines, on two sides of each bipolar plate comprise first glue areas and second glue areas, projections of the first glue areas on the two sides of each bipolar plate in the thickness direction of the bipolar plate are overlapped, projections of the second glue areas on the two sides of each bipolar plate in the thickness direction of the bipolar plate are staggered, and the thickness of the glue lines on the second glue areas is larger than that of the glue lines on the first glue areas.
According to some embodiments of the present invention, the thickness a of the glue line on the second glue area and the thickness b of the glue line on the first glue area satisfy the following relation: 102% b.ltoreq.a.ltoreq.105% b.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the glue line has a thickness of 0.2mm to 1.5mm.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the first glue area and the second glue area are configured as grooves formed on both sides of the bipolar plate.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the first glue area is arranged at a circumferential edge of the bipolar plate so as to be configured as an annular structure, and the second glue area is located at an inner region of the annular structure.
According to some embodiments of the present invention, one side of the bipolar plate is an anode plate, and the other side of the bipolar plate is a cathode plate, and the anode plate and the cathode plate are both provided with a layer transition region, and the second glue region is located in the layer transition region.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the staging area is further provided with ports for fuel, oxidant and coolant.
Furthermore, the cathode plate and the anode plate are stamped and formed metal plates.
Further, the cathode plate and the anode plate are fixed by laser welding.
Compared with the prior art, the fuel cell stack has the following advantages:
according to the fuel cell stack, the projections of the first glue areas on the two sides of the bipolar plate in the thickness direction of the bipolar plate are overlapped, the projections of the second glue areas on the two sides of the bipolar plate in the thickness direction of the bipolar plate are staggered, and the thickness of the glue applying line of the second glue area is larger than that of the glue applying line of the first glue area, so that the compression rate and the sealing performance of the glue applying line of the second glue area are ensured to be the same as those of the glue applying line of the first glue area, the problems of contact resistance increase, sealing failure, stack gas leakage, liquid leakage and the like of the fuel cell stack are prevented, and the performance and the reliability of the fuel cell stack are ensured.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a fuel cell system to improve the performance and reliability of the fuel cell system.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:
a fuel cell system comprises the fuel cell stack.
Compared with the prior art, the fuel cell system has the following advantages:
the projections of the first glue areas on the two sides of the bipolar plate in the thickness direction of the bipolar plate are overlapped, the projections of the second glue areas on the two sides of the bipolar plate in the thickness direction of the bipolar plate are staggered, and the thickness of the glue applying line of the second glue area is larger than that of the glue applying line of the first glue area, so that the compression rate and the sealing performance of the glue applying line of the second glue area are ensured to be the same as those of the glue applying line of the first glue area, the problems of contact resistance increase, sealing failure, stack gas leakage, liquid leakage and the like of a fuel cell stack are prevented, and the performance and the reliability of the fuel cell system are improved.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention and do not constitute a limitation of the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a bipolar plate of an embodiment of the present invention on one side of an anode plate;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a bipolar plate of an embodiment of the present invention on one side of a cathode plate;
fig. 3 isbase:Sub>A cross-sectional view atbase:Sub>A-base:Sub>A of fig. 1.
Description of reference numerals:
the bipolar plate 100, the anode plate 1, the cathode plate 2, the first glue line 31, the second glue line 32, the layer jump zone 4, the first layer jump zone 411 of the anode plate, the second layer jump zone 412 of the anode plate, the first layer jump zone 421 of the cathode plate, the second layer jump zone 422 of the cathode plate, the first air manifold port jump 5, the first coolant jump 6, the first hydrogen jump 7, the hydrogen outlet 8, the hydrogen inlet 9, the second coolant jump 10, the second air manifold port jump 11, the second hydrogen jump 12, the air inlet 13 and the air outlet 14.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.
A fuel cell stack according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to fig. 1 to 3 in conjunction with the embodiment.
A fuel cell stack according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: a plurality of bipolar plates 100 and Membrane Electrodes (MEAs) alternately stacked. One membrane electrode and one bipolar plate 100 constitute a basic unit of power generation of the fuel cell: the single cell and the bipolar plate 100 serve to separate reaction gas, uniformly guide the reaction gas into the membrane electrode through a flow field, collect and conduct current, support the membrane electrode, and the like, and meanwhile, the bipolar plate 100 also serves the functions of drainage and heat dissipation of the cell system, and the membrane electrode can catalyze fuel and oxidant guided by the bipolar plate 100, and perform electrochemical reaction to generate current and release water and heat outwards.
Because the voltage of the single cell is very low (< 1V) to achieve the function of realizing the application of the fuel cell, a plurality of single cells need to be connected in series to form a stack so as to uniformly distribute fuel and oxidant to each single cell, the sealing between the membrane electrode and the bipolar plate 100 is particularly important, two sides of the bipolar plate 100 are provided with glue lines suitable for being matched with the membrane electrode in a sealing way, the membrane electrode can be correspondingly provided with sealing frames, and the sealing performance of the fuel cell stack is ensured through the matching of the glue lines on the bipolar plate 100 and the sealing frames on the membrane electrode.
The regions of the two sides of the bipolar plate 100 corresponding to the glue lines include a first glue region and a second glue region, that is, the glue lines are fixed on the first glue region and the second glue region of the two sides of the bipolar plate 100, the projections of the first glue regions of the two sides of the bipolar plate 100 in the thickness direction of the bipolar plate 100 are overlapped, and the projections of the second glue regions of the two sides of the bipolar plate 100 in the thickness direction of the bipolar plate 100 are staggered.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the projections of the second glue regions on both sides of the bipolar plate 100 in the thickness direction of the bipolar plate 100 are staggered. In other embodiments of the present invention, the projections of the second glue areas on both sides of the bipolar plate 100 in the thickness direction of the bipolar plate 100 are completely staggered.
It can be understood that the area where the glue lines are symmetrically disposed on both sides of the bipolar plate 100 is a first glue area, and the area where the glue lines are asymmetrically disposed on both sides of the bipolar plate 100 is a second glue area. Since the bipolar plate 100 needs to separate the reaction gas and uniformly introduce the reaction gas into the membrane electrode through the flow field, a second glue area needs to be disposed on the bipolar plate 100.
When a fuel cell stack assembly test is carried out, press-fitting force is exerted on two sides of the bipolar plate 100, because the glue lines on the first glue areas on the two sides of the bipolar plate 100 are symmetrically arranged, the stress of the bipolar plate 100 on the two sides of the first glue area is the same, the glue lines on the second glue areas on the two sides of the bipolar plate 100 are asymmetrically arranged, the glue lines on the second glue areas can lead the bipolar plate 100 to generate certain deformation under the action of the press-fitting force, in order to avoid the problems that the compression ratio of the glue lines caused by the deformation of the bipolar plate 100 is lower than the design requirement, the contact resistance is increased, the sealing is failed, the stack leaks gas, the leakage liquid and the like, the thickness of the glue lines on the second glue areas is larger than that of the glue lines on the first glue areas, so that the deformation of the bipolar plate 100 can be compensated by the thickened glue lines on the second glue areas, and the compression ratio and the sealing performance of the glue lines on the second glue areas are the same as those on the first glue areas.
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, the first glue area glue line is a first glue line 31, the second glue area glue line is a second glue line 32, the first glue lines 31 are symmetrically disposed on two sides of the bipolar plate 100, the second glue lines 32 are staggered on two sides of the bipolar plate 100, and the thickness of the second glue line 32 is greater than that of the first glue line 31.
According to the fuel cell stack provided by the embodiment of the invention, the projections of the first glue areas on the two sides of the bipolar plate 100 in the thickness direction of the bipolar plate 100 are overlapped, the projections of the second glue areas on the two sides of the bipolar plate 100 in the thickness direction of the bipolar plate 100 are staggered, and the thickness of the glue applying lines of the second glue areas is larger than that of the glue applying lines of the first glue areas, so that the compression rate and the sealing performance of the glue applying lines of the second glue areas are ensured to be the same as those of the glue applying lines of the first glue areas, the problems of contact resistance increase, sealing failure, stack gas leakage, liquid leakage and the like of the fuel cell stack are prevented, and the performance and the reliability of the fuel cell stack are improved.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the thickness a of the glue line in the second glue area and the thickness b of the glue line in the first glue area satisfy the following relation: 102% b is less than or equal to a is less than or equal to 105% b, that is, the thickness a of the glue line of the second glue area is increased by 2% -5% compared with the thickness b of the glue line of the first glue area, wherein the specific numerical value of the increase of the thickness a of the glue line of the second glue area compared with the thickness b of the glue line of the first glue area can be calibrated according to the structure of the bipolar plate 100 and the size of the press-fitting force, so that the compression amount of the glue line of the second glue area is not less than that of the glue line of the first glue area, thereby ensuring the effectiveness of the sealing of the glue line of the second glue area. For example, when a =103%, the glue lines on the first glue areas and the glue lines on the second glue areas can maintain the theoretical compression rate in the assembled fuel cell stack and ensure the power generation performance of the fuel cell stack.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the thickness a of the second glue line is increased from the thickness b of the first glue line by the amount of deformation of the bipolar plate 100 caused by the stacking force on the second glue line.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the thickness of the glue line is 0.2mm to 1.5mm, and the thickness of the glue line can be selected according to the performance of the glue line and the magnitude of the press-fitting force, so as to ensure that the glue line is kept within a theoretical compression ratio in the assembled fuel cell stack, thereby ensuring the service life of the glue line and the performance of the fuel cell stack.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the glue line thickness of the first glue area is 1mm, and the glue line thickness of the second glue area is 1.03mm.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the first glue area and the second glue area are configured as grooves formed at both sides of the bipolar plate 100, the grooves are adapted to fix glue lines, so that the glue lines are fixed at both sides of the bipolar plate 100, and a portion of the glue lines can be disposed in the grooves to ensure the fixing effect of the glue lines and the bipolar plate 100.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the first glue area is disposed at the circumferential edge of the bipolar plate 100 to be configured as an annular structure, such that the side surface of the bipolar plate 100, the glue line on the first glue area and the corresponding membrane electrode form a first space, and the second glue area is located at the inner area of the annular structure, such that the first space is divided into a plurality of sub-first spaces by the glue line on the second glue area, so as to achieve different functions, for example, one of the sub-first spaces may be used for air ventilation.
Referring to fig. 1-3, where one side of the bipolar plate 100 is an anode plate 1 and the other side of the bipolar plate 100 is a cathode plate 2, the anode plate 1 and cathode plate 2 are each provided with a landing zone 4, and a second glue zone is located at the landing zone 4, it will be appreciated that the landing zone 4 serves as a counter support structure region for the channels formed between the manifold port B of the bipolar plate 100 and the distribution region C of the bipolar plate 100.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the layer transition region 4 is further provided with inlets and outlets for fuel, oxidant and coolant, so as to achieve the functions of separating the reaction gas, uniformly introducing the reaction gas into the membrane electrode through the flow field, and cooling.
Referring to fig. 1-3, a landing zone 4 on an anode plate 1 includes an anode plate first landing zone 411 and an anode plate second landing zone 412, a distribution zone can be located between the anode plate first landing zone 411 and the anode plate second landing zone 412, the anode plate first landing zone 411 can include a first air manifold landing zone 5, a first coolant landing zone 6, a first hydrogen landing zone 7, and a hydrogen outlet 8, and the anode plate second landing zone 412 can include a hydrogen inlet 9, a second coolant landing zone 10, and a second air manifold landing zone 11.
The stacking section 4 of the cathode plate 2 comprises a cathode plate first stacking section 421 and a cathode plate second stacking section 422, the distribution section can be positioned between the cathode plate first stacking section 421 and the cathode plate second stacking section 422, and the second hydrogen stacking section 12, the second cooling liquid stacking section 10 and the air inlet 13 are arranged in the cathode plate first stacking section 421. The air outlet 14, the first air manifold port jump 5, the first coolant jump 6, and the first hydrogen jump 7 are provided in the cathode plate second jump 422.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the cathode plate 2 and the anode plate 1 are stamped and formed metal plates, and the stamping and forming can ensure the consistency of the shape of each cathode plate 2 and the consistency of the shape of each anode plate 1 in the fuel cell stack, for example, the cathode plate 2 and the anode plate 1 are precisely stamped and formed to ensure the shape accuracy of the cathode plate 2 and the anode plate 1.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the cathode plate 2 and the anode plate 1 are fixed by laser welding to reduce the deformation of the cathode plate 2 and the anode plate 1 during welding, and ensure the welding precision of the cathode plate 2 and the anode plate 1, and meanwhile, since the thickness of the cathode plate 2 and the anode plate 1 is very thin, usually less than 0.15mm, the laser welding can prevent the cathode plate 2 and the anode plate 1 from melting back during welding, so as to ensure the welding effect.
According to the fuel cell stack in the embodiment of the invention, glue lines can be designed in a modularized manner in different areas of the bipolar plate 100, and sealing glue lines with different thicknesses and/or different shapes are designed in different areas according to the whole structure of the bipolar plate 100 and the compression deformation state of the bipolar plate 100 during assembly, so that the problems of low sealing compression amount, sealing failure and the like caused by the structural deformation of the bipolar plate 100 are avoided. In addition, through the modularized design of the rubber lines, the Gas Diffusion Layer (GDL) of the membrane electrode can be ensured to be at the theoretical compression rate, and meanwhile, the sealing rubber lines of the layer transition region are also at the theoretical compression rate, so that the sealing and power generation performances of the fuel cell stack are considered.
A fuel cell system according to an embodiment of another aspect of the present invention includes the fuel cell stack of the above embodiment.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the fuel cell stack further includes an end plate and a current collecting plate, and the fuel cell stack may be a Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell (PEMFC), which is a fuel cell that generates electricity by using hydrogen and air or hydrogen and oxygen as fuel, and directly converts chemical energy of hydrogen and oxygen into electric energy without compressing or heating the gas by using a Proton exchange membrane as an electrolyte.
According to the fuel cell system of the embodiment of the invention, the projections of the first glue areas on the two sides of the bipolar plate 100 in the thickness direction of the bipolar plate 100 are overlapped, the projections of the second glue areas on the two sides of the bipolar plate 100 in the thickness direction of the bipolar plate 100 are staggered, and the thickness of the glue applying line of the second glue area is larger than that of the glue applying line of the first glue area, so that the compression rate and the sealing performance of the glue applying line of the second glue area are ensured to be the same as those of the glue applying line of the first glue area, the problems of contact resistance increase, sealing failure, stack gas leakage, liquid leakage and the like of a fuel cell stack are prevented, and the performance and the reliability of the fuel cell system are improved.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (10)
1. A fuel cell stack, comprising: the bipolar plate comprises a plurality of bipolar plates (100) and membrane electrodes which are alternately stacked, wherein glue lines suitable for being matched with the membrane electrodes in a sealing mode are arranged on two sides of each bipolar plate (100), areas, corresponding to the glue lines, on two sides of each bipolar plate (100) comprise first glue areas and second glue areas, projections of the first glue areas on the two sides of each bipolar plate (100) in the thickness direction of the bipolar plate (100) are overlapped, projections of the second glue areas on the two sides of each bipolar plate (100) in the thickness direction of the bipolar plate (100) are staggered, and the thickness of the glue lines on the second glue areas is larger than that of the glue lines on the first glue areas.
2. The fuel cell stack according to claim 1, wherein a thickness a of the glue line on the second glue area and a thickness b of the glue line on the first glue area satisfy the following relation: 102% b.ltoreq.a.ltoreq.105% b.
3. The fuel cell stack of claim 1, wherein the glue line has a thickness of 0.2mm to 1.5mm.
4. The fuel cell stack according to claim 1, characterized in that the first glue area and the second glue area are configured as grooves formed on both sides of the bipolar plate (100).
5. The fuel cell stack according to claim 1, characterized in that said first glue area is arranged at the circumferential edge of said bipolar plate (100) so as to be configured as an annular structure, said second glue area being located at the inner region of said annular structure.
6. The fuel cell stack according to claim 1, characterized in that one side of the bipolar plate (100) is an anode plate (1) and the other side of the bipolar plate (100) is a cathode plate (2), the anode plate (1) and the cathode plate (2) are each provided with a layer transition region (4), and the second glue region is located at the layer transition region (4).
7. The fuel cell stack according to claim 6, wherein the layer transition region (4) is further provided with inlets and outlets for fuel, oxidant and coolant.
8. The fuel cell stack according to claim 6, characterized in that the cathode plate (2) and the anode plate (1) are stamped and formed metal plates.
9. The fuel cell stack according to claim 6, characterized in that the cathode plate (2) and the anode plate (1) are fixed by laser welding.
10. A fuel cell system comprising the fuel cell stack according to any one of claims 1 to 9.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110831127.8A CN115692810A (en) | 2021-07-22 | 2021-07-22 | Fuel cell stack and fuel cell system having the same |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110831127.8A CN115692810A (en) | 2021-07-22 | 2021-07-22 | Fuel cell stack and fuel cell system having the same |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN115692810A true CN115692810A (en) | 2023-02-03 |
Family
ID=85044591
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110831127.8A Pending CN115692810A (en) | 2021-07-22 | 2021-07-22 | Fuel cell stack and fuel cell system having the same |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN115692810A (en) |
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2021
- 2021-07-22 CN CN202110831127.8A patent/CN115692810A/en active Pending
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