CN115691226A - Flight push-out control method based on airport scene real-time state self-adaptive adjustment - Google Patents
Flight push-out control method based on airport scene real-time state self-adaptive adjustment Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a flight pushing control method based on airport scene real-time state self-adaptive adjustment. The method comprises the steps of firstly analyzing the departure process of flights, adopting a classical N-control mode as a basic strategy for departure flight launch control, and carrying out self-adaptive adjustment on a launch control threshold value according to the real-time state of an airport scene. If the number of flights waiting for release of the current stand is large, the release control threshold value is properly increased to improve the release number, so that more flights can be promoted to be released as soon as possible, and the stand resource is released; and if the number of flights waiting in the current taxiway in line is large, the pushout control threshold value is properly reduced to reduce the pushout number, so that the taxiway congestion is relieved, and the fuel consumption is reduced. By adopting the method, the flight departure process can be maintained in a stable state, dependence on manual experience is eliminated, a more intelligent control scheme is automatically provided, and the total cost of flight departure is effectively reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of airport scene operation management, and particularly relates to a flight pushing control method based on airport scene real-time state self-adaptive adjustment.
Background
With the rapid increase of the scale of civil aviation business, the throughput of civil aviation passengers and the throughput of goods and mails are continuously improved, and the situation of congestion at peak periods of large airports throughout the country is continuously worsened, so that the situation becomes a bottleneck for limiting the improvement of the operation efficiency of the airport, and a series of problems such as flight delay, fuel consumption, environmental pollution and the like are caused. The departure flights are reasonably scheduled according to the operation condition of the airport scene, so that the purposes of relieving scene congestion, improving operation efficiency and the like are achieved, and the method is a more efficient and feasible scheme.
The flight departure mainly comprises three processes of pushing from an aircraft stand, sliding along a taxiway and taking off on a runway. According to the operating condition of the airport and the requirement of entering and leaving, the push-out time of the departure airplane is reasonably adjusted, and the waiting time for arranging the runway in front can be converted into the waiting time for the stand without influencing the operating efficiency of the airport, so that the field congestion is effectively relieved, and the fuel consumption and the operating cost are reduced.
The N-control launching control mode controls the launching time of the flights according to the relation between the number of the departure flights and the control threshold value of the scene, is a simple and effective method, and is widely researched and applied. On the basis of the N-control, various flight push-out control methods have been proposed at present, but how to set a reasonable push-out control threshold value for an airport with a rapidly changing operation state is a problem to be solved, and the efficiency of push-out control is limited. Research has focused on finding a fixed comprehensive optimal inferred control threshold, such as a suitable fixed inferred control threshold determined using a Markov iterative optimization algorithm or using an evaluation method such as entropy weight. However, these methods can only calculate a fixed optimal control threshold for a specific scene, and if the airport operating state changes, the control threshold needs to be recalculated, and the control threshold cannot be adaptively adjusted according to the scene state, so that the actual application effect is limited.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a flight pushing control method based on airport scene real-time state self-adaptive adjustment, so that the pushing control efficiency of departure flights is improved, and the total cost of departure operation is reduced.
The technical scheme for realizing the aim of the invention is a flight release control method based on airport scene real-time state self-adaptive adjustment, which comprises the following specific steps:
step 1: acquiring airport departure flight information, and providing assumed conditions of modeling in a flight departure pushing process according to the characteristics of flight departure operation, including a queuing form and a take-off rule;
step 2: controlling the process of launching the departing flights by adopting an N-control flight launching control mode;
and step 3: acquiring real-time state information of an airport scene, establishing a flight deduction control threshold value self-adaptive adjustment strategy, adjusting the deduction control threshold value by using the self-adaptive adjustment strategy when the scene real-time state changes, and continuing to carry out flight deduction control;
and 4, step 4: and recording the time consumption condition in each flight departure process, and calculating to obtain the total flight departure cost.
Further, the airport departure flight information in step 1 is the planned departure time of all departure flights, and the assumed conditions for modeling the flight departure process include: all flights are launched and taxied according to the principle of first-come-first-serve, one runway only accommodates one flight during takeoff, and the intervals between flights on the runway are all required to be larger than the same safety interval. The conditions are provided based on general operation rules of the airport, so that the accuracy of the push-out control process is improved, and the effectiveness of the push-out control method is ensured.
Further, the N-control flight push-out control mode adopted in the step 2 specifically is as follows:
where λ is the actual pushout rate of flights, N is the number of flights waiting in line on the current taxiway, and N represents the flight pushout control threshold. If the number N of departure flights on the taxiway is less than the flight push-out control threshold value N, allowing new flight push-out with the probability 1; otherwise, rejecting new flight push-out until N is satisfied, and then granting new flight push-out.
Further, the real-time status information of the airport surface in the step 3 comprises the number of departure flights queued for departure on the taxiway and the number of departure flights waiting for release at the stand.
Further, the self-adaptive schedule for the flight deduction control threshold in step 3 is as follows:
wherein N is a flight deducing control threshold, delta is an adjustment coefficient of the control threshold, N is the number of departure flights queued for departure on the current taxiway, g is the number of departure flights awaiting deduction at a stand, and N is min For minimum value of the control threshold, N max The maximum value of the control threshold.
The self-adaptive adjustment strategy has the advantages that the occupation conditions of airport parking lot resources and taxiway resources can be balanced in real time, the airport departure flights are distributed on the parking lots and the taxiways more uniformly as far as possible, large-area congestion and delay caused by the fact that departure flights are concentrated in a certain area are avoided, the stability of overall operation is improved, and therefore the purposes of improving the operation efficiency and reducing the total operation cost are achieved.
Further, in order to prevent the control threshold from becoming too large or too small during the threshold adaptive adjustment processIn step 3, it should be ensured that the value of the control threshold N is always N min And N max I.e. when the threshold value N is greater than N max Then, the maximum value is still only N max Or less than N at a threshold N min Then, the minimum value is still only N min 。
Parameter N max The method is set based on statistical analysis of historical operation data, and specifically comprises the steps of recording the maximum value of the number N of departure flights queued for departure on a taxiway in the previous operation process of an airport, and calculating the maximum value of the number N of departure flights to be queued for departure on the taxiway max The method comprises the following steps:
N max ＝2·max(n)
where max (n) represents the maximum value of n during the previous week of operation of the airport. The setting mode provides a sufficient adjusting space for the self-adaptive adjusting process of the derived control threshold value, so that the effect of the strategy is exerted as much as possible.
According to the layout of the airport scene, parameter N min The number of runways which can be used for departure flight in the airport is set, and the lower limit of the control threshold value is set according to the departure capacity of the airport by the setting method, so that the runway resources of the airport can be fully utilized. Based on N min And N max The initial value of the push-out control threshold used by the N-control is set to be
The push-out control threshold value can be adaptively adjusted according to the real-time condition of the airport in the operation process, and the initial push-out control threshold value is set to be an intermediate value, so that the implementation of a threshold value adaptive adjustment strategy can be facilitated.
Further, the setting mode of the control threshold adjustment coefficient Δ in the threshold adaptive adjustment strategy is as follows:
the method for judging the departure peak hour and the departure peak hour comprises the steps of calculating the average departure pushed flight quantity per hour according to the departure pushing plan of the current-day flight of the airport, wherein if the number of the departure pushed flight quantity per hour in the hour is smaller than the average departure pushed flight quantity per hour in the current day, the hour is the departure peak hour, and otherwise, the hour is the departure peak hour.
The significance of the setting mode is that if the airport departure peak time is in the current time, a larger control threshold value adjustment coefficient is used, so that the control method can adapt to the complex conditions of the airport as soon as possible; during the departure low peak period, the number of flights is small, and the higher departure efficiency can be ensured without performing more intervention on the control threshold, so that the smaller control threshold adjustment coefficient is selected, and the operation stability is favorably ensured.
When the number n of departure flights (the number of departure flights queued for departure on the current taxiway) or the number g of departure flights waiting to be released at the stand changes, the self-adaptive adjustment strategy adjusts the release control threshold value, so that the release rate of the departure flights is dynamically adjusted, the release control is continued, and more intelligent and self-adaptive flight release management is realized.
Further, step 4 comprises:
step 4-1, calculating the occupation cost of the stand when the departure flight waits to be released at the stand according to the use rule of the stand at the airport and the fuel consumption cost in unit time in the flight sliding process;
and 4-2, integrating the occupation cost of the flight stop and the fuel consumption cost in the flight sliding process, and calculating the total departure cost of the flight, thereby realizing the evaluation of the effect of the control method.
Further, in the step 4-1, the calculation formula for calculating the parking space occupation cost of the departure flight when the departure flight waits for the release at the parking space is as follows:
wherein Cost gate Cost is taken for the flight stand of the flight; parameter(s)
p is the fuel consumption cost per unit time during taxiing of the aircraft, t maxgate The longest waiting time of the allowed stand in the airport stand use rules is set; t is t gate Indicating the wait time for the departure flight at the stand, i.e., the time that the flight has reached the scheduled launch time but has not yet acquired the launch permit, resulting in additional wait time at the stand.
The significance of the calculation formula is that on one hand, the departure flight is encouraged to wait for a short time at the stand, so that not only is the cost not increased too much, but also the waiting time of the departure flight on the taxiway can be shortened, the aim of reducing fuel consumption is fulfilled, and the total cost of departure is reduced; on the other hand, the method can also prevent the departure flight from delaying too long at the stand, excessively occupying stand resources and improving the departure efficiency of the flight.
Further, the formula for calculating the total cost of departure of the flight in the step 4-2 is as follows:
the Cost is the total departure Cost of flights, M is the total number of departure flights on the current day of airport operation, and i is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to M; p is the fuel consumption cost per unit time in the process of flight taxiing, t taxiway,i For the recorded time that the ith flight waits for taxiing on the taxiway, so p.t taxiway,i Representing the fuel consumption cost of the ith flight on the taxiway; t is t gate,i For the recorded waiting time of the ith flight at the stand,
i.e. the stand occupancy cost for the ith flight.
The total cost of the flight departure process can be obtained by integrating the occupied cost of the parking space and the fuel consumption cost in the flight departure process, so that the effect of the control method is evaluated and analyzed, the purpose of reducing the total cost of flight departure operation is finally achieved, and the requirements of multiple interest-related parties such as airports, airlines and the like are met.
Has the advantages that:
compared with the prior art, the invention has the following remarkable advantages: 1) The method provided by the invention realizes flight pushing control by more comprehensively utilizing the scene real-time state information, the existing pushing control method only utilizes the number of departure flights on the taxiway, and the situation of the airport is not completely mastered; 2) The self-adaptive adjustment strategy for the launch control threshold value provided by the invention can automatically adjust the threshold value of flight launch control according to the real-time state of a scene, thereby adjusting the launch rate of flights, being capable of automatically adapting to different scene running states, and being capable of providing a launch control scheme more intelligently without the participation and the assistance of management personnel, thereby effectively reducing the total cost of flight departure running.
Drawings
The foregoing and/or other advantages of the invention will become further apparent from the following detailed description of the invention when taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a flight push-out control method based on the airport scene real-time adaptive adjustment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a graph comparing the total cost of flight departure operations of the present invention;
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The invention provides a flight push-out control method based on the real-time state self-adaptive adjustment of an airport scene on the basis of the traditional N-control push-out control method, which comprehensively utilizes the real-time state information of the airport scene to carry out the self-adaptive adjustment on the threshold value of the push-out control, thereby automatically and dynamically adjusting the push-out control rate of the flight; the method is mainly characterized in that if the number of flights waiting for the release of the current stand is large, the release control threshold value is properly increased to improve the release number, so that more flights are promoted to be released as soon as possible, and the stand resource is released; and if the number of flights waiting in the current taxiway queue is large, the pushout control threshold value is properly reduced to reduce the pushout number, so that the taxiway congestion is relieved, the fuel consumption is reduced, more intelligent flight pushout control is finally realized, and the total cost of flight departure operation is effectively reduced.
As shown in fig. 1, step 1, firstly, a flight departure process is researched and analyzed, and an assumed condition of modeling of the flight departure pushing process is given, wherein pushing and sliding of all flights are carried out according to a first-come-first-serve principle, only one flight is accommodated in one runway during takeoff, and intervals between flights on the runway are required to be larger than the same safety interval; here, the planned departure time of departure flights for a certain airport over the whole day is taken as an example, and the departure time is in minutes.
And 2, controlling the pushing process of the departure flight in an N-control mode.
According to the operation data of the previous week of the airport and the number of runways, a minimum threshold value and a maximum threshold value are set to be N min =4 and N max =20. The adopted N-control flight push control mode has the initial flight push control threshold value of
The calculation formula for deriving the control rate is therefore:
wherein lambda is the actual pushout rate of flights, n is the number of flights waiting for queuing on the current taxiway, namely if the number of flights leaving the taxi on the taxiway is less than 12, the new flights are allowed to be pushed out with the probability of 1; otherwise, rejecting new flight push until n < 12 is satisfied, and then granting new flight push.
And 3, acquiring real-time state information of the airport scene, establishing a flight deduction control threshold value self-adaptive adjustment strategy, adjusting the deduction control threshold value by using the self-adaptive adjustment strategy when the scene real-time state changes, and continuing to perform flight deduction control.
Real-time status information for an airport scene includes the number of departure flights queued for departure on taxiways and the number of departure flights waiting for pushout at a stand.
In the airport departure operation process, when a flight applies for release or a flight takes off, the situation of the scene and the number of the flights change, and the proposed flight release control method based on the real-time state self-adaptive adjustment of the airport scene automatically adjusts the release control threshold value. Minimum and maximum thresholds are N min =4 and N max =20, therefore the specific way to deduce the control threshold adaptive adjustment is:
wherein N is a flight deducing control threshold, delta is an adjustment coefficient of the control threshold, N is the number of flights queued to take off on the current taxiway, and g is the number of departure flights waiting to be deduced at the current stop, and can be obtained according to scene operation data.
In the step 3, the value of the flight push-out control threshold N is guaranteed to be between 4 and 20 all the time, namely when the flight push-out control threshold N is larger than 20, the maximum value can still be only 20, and when the flight push-out control threshold N is smaller than 4, the minimum value can still be only 4.
The control threshold adjustment coefficient delta may take a value of 1 or 2 according to the departure condition of the current time period, and the specific rule is as follows:
wherein the judgment of the departure low peak hour and the departure high peak hour comprises the following steps: and calculating the average departure pushed flight amount per hour according to the departure pushing plan of the flights in the current day of the airport, wherein if the departure pushed flight amount in the hour is smaller than the average departure pushed flight amount per hour in the current day, the hour is the departure low peak hour, and otherwise, the hour is the departure high peak hour.
If the number of flights waiting to be launched by the current stand is more (namely g is more than n), properly increasing the launch control threshold value to increase the launch number so as to promote more flights to be launched as soon as possible and release stand resources; and if the number of flights waiting in the current taxiway queue is large (namely g is less than or equal to n), the pushout control threshold value is properly reduced to reduce the pushout number, so that taxiway congestion is relieved, fuel consumption is reduced, more intelligent flight pushout control is finally realized, and the total cost of flight departure operation is effectively reduced.
and 4-1, calculating the occupation cost of the stand when the departure flight waits to be released at the stand according to the use rule of the stand at the airport and the fuel consumption cost in unit time in the flight sliding process. According to the fuel price estimation, the fuel consumption cost per unit time in the aircraft taxiing process is set to be p =150 yuan/min, and the maximum waiting time of the allowed stand in the airport operation rule is t maxgate =30 minutes, the parameter α =0.167 is computationally available, so the stand occupancy cost for a single flight is:
wherein t is gate Indicating the waiting time of the departure flight at the stand.
Step 4-2, integrating the cost of the flight stop occupation and the fuel consumption cost in the flight sliding process, and calculating the total departure cost of the flight, wherein the formula is as follows:
where Cost is the total Cost of departure of flights, M is the number of flights leaving the port, t taxiway,i Taxiing on taxiways for the ith flight recorded, etcTime to wait, t gate,i The recorded waiting time of the ith flight at the stand can be obtained by statistical calculation according to the airport scene operation information, so that the evaluation on the effect of the control method is realized.
The method comprises the following steps of performing simulation calculation on airport flight departure operation processes, and comparing by using three flight pushing control methods respectively, wherein the three flight pushing control methods comprise the following steps: a method without pushout control (method 1), a traditional N-control mode (method 2), and a flight pushout control method based on airport scene real-time state self-adaptive adjustment (method 3). FIG. 2 illustrates the total cost of airport departure operations obtained using the three methods described above, and it can be seen that the total cost of departure is highest without the method of pushout control (method 1); after the traditional N-control method (method 2) is used, the departure total cost is reduced to a certain extent; under the condition of using the flight deduction control method (method 3) based on the airport scene real-time state self-adaptive adjustment, the departure total cost is further reduced and is obviously superior to the first two methods, and the effectiveness and the practicability of the flight deduction control method based on the airport scene real-time state self-adaptive adjustment are demonstrated.
In summary, the flight push-out control method based on the airport scene real-time state self-adaptive adjustment provided by the invention can realize effective departure flight push-out control, and the threshold value of the flight push-out control is automatically adjusted by comprehensively utilizing scene real-time state information, so that the push-out rate of the flight is adjusted, the method can automatically adapt to different scene running states, does not need participation and assistance of management personnel, can more intelligently provide a push-out control scheme, and further effectively reduces the total cost of flight departure running.
In a specific implementation, the present application provides a computer storage medium and a corresponding data processing unit, where the computer storage medium is capable of storing a computer program, and the computer program, when executed by the data processing unit, may execute the inventive content of the flight push control method based on airport scene real-time state adaptive adjustment and some or all of the steps in each embodiment provided by the present invention. The storage medium may be a magnetic disk, an optical disk, a read-only memory (ROM), a Random Access Memory (RAM), or the like.
It is clear to those skilled in the art that the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention can be implemented by means of a computer program and its corresponding general-purpose hardware platform. Based on such understanding, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or portions contributing to the prior art may be embodied in the form of a computer program, that is, a software product, which may be stored in a storage medium and include several instructions to enable a device (which may be a personal computer, a server, a single chip microcomputer, MUU, or a network device, etc.) including a data processing unit to execute the method described in each embodiment or some portions of the embodiments of the present invention.
The invention provides a flight deducing control method based on the real-time adaptive adjustment of airport scene, and a plurality of methods and ways for implementing the technical scheme are provided, the above description is only a specific implementation manner of the invention, it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, a plurality of improvements and embellishments can be made without departing from the principle of the invention, and these improvements and embellishments should also be regarded as the protection scope of the invention. All the components not specified in the present embodiment can be realized by the prior art.
Claims (10)
1. A flight pushing control method based on airport scene real-time state self-adaptive adjustment is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1: acquiring airport departure flight information, and giving out assumed conditions of flight departure pushing process modeling, including a queuing form and a takeoff rule according to the characteristics of flight departure operation;
step 2: controlling the process of pushing out the departing flights by adopting an N-control mode;
and step 3: acquiring real-time state information of an airport scene, establishing a flight deduction control threshold value self-adaptive adjustment strategy, adjusting the deduction control threshold value by using the self-adaptive adjustment strategy when the scene real-time state changes, and continuing to carry out flight deduction control;
and 4, step 4: and recording the time consumption condition in the process of departure of each flight, and calculating the total cost of departure of the flight.
2. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the airport scene real-time adaptive adjustment-based flight deduction control method is characterized in that the airport departure flight information in step 1 is used for deduction of time for planning all departure flights, and the assumed conditions for modeling the flight departure deduction process include: the launch and the taxi of all flights are based on the principle of first come first serve, one runway only accommodates one flight during the takeoff, and the intervals between flights on the runway are all required to be larger than the same minimum safety interval.
3. The flight deduction control method based on the airport scene real-time state adaptive adjustment as claimed in claim 2, wherein the N-control flight deduction control mode adopted in the step 2 is as follows:
wherein lambda is the actual pushout rate of flights, N is the number of flights waiting for queuing on the current taxiway, and N represents a flight pushout control threshold, namely, if the number N of departing flights on the taxiway is less than the flight pushout control threshold N, a new flight is allowed to be pushed out with a probability of 1; otherwise, rejecting new flight push-out until N is satisfied, and then granting new flight push-out.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein the real-time status information of the airport surface in step 3 comprises the number of departure flights waiting to be taken off in a taxiway queue and the number of departure flights waiting to be taken off at a stand.
5. The method for flight deduction control based on airport surface real-time state adaptive adjustment of claim 4, wherein the flight deduction control threshold adaptive adjustment strategy in step 3 is as follows:
Wherein N is a flight deducing control threshold, delta is an adjustment coefficient of the control threshold, N is the number of departure flights queued for departure on the current taxiway, g is the number of departure flights awaiting deduction at a stand, and N is min Deducing a minimum value of a control threshold for the flight, N max And releasing the maximum value of the control threshold value for the flight.
6. The flight deduction control method based on the airport scene real-time adaptive adjustment of claim 5, wherein the step 3 ensures that the value of the flight deduction control threshold value N is always N min And N max In between, i.e. the pushout control threshold N is greater than N during flight max Then, the maximum value is still only N max The push-out control threshold N is smaller than N in flight min Then, the minimum value is still only N min ；
Parameter N max The setting mode is obtained based on statistical analysis of historical operating data, and comprises the following steps: recording the maximum value of the number N of departure flights queued for departure on the taxiway in the previous week of operation of the airport, and taking N max The method comprises the following steps:
N max ＝2·max(n)
wherein max (n) represents the maximum value of n during the previous week of operation of the airport;
according to the layout of the airport scene, parameter N min The number of runways for departure flights to take off in an airport is set; based on N min And N max The initial value of the push-out control threshold used by the N-control is set to be
7. The flight deduction control method based on airport surface real-time state adaptive adjustment of claim 6, wherein the setting mode of the control threshold adjustment coefficient Δ in step 3 is as follows:
wherein the judgment of the departure low peak hour and the departure high peak hour comprises the following steps: and calculating the average departure pushed flight amount per hour according to the departure pushing plan of the flights in the current day of the airport, wherein if the departure pushed flight amount in the hour is smaller than the average departure pushed flight amount per hour in the current day, the hour is the departure low peak hour, and otherwise, the hour is the departure high peak hour.
8. The method for flight pushing control based on airport surface real-time adaptive adjustment of claim 7, wherein step 4 comprises:
step 4-1, calculating the occupation cost of the stand when the departure flight waits to be released at the stand according to the use rule of the stand at the airport and the fuel consumption cost in unit time in the flight sliding process;
and 4-2, integrating the occupation cost of the flight stop and the fuel consumption cost in the flight sliding process, and calculating the total departure cost of the flight.
9. The flight deduction control method based on the airport surface real-time state adaptive adjustment of claim 8, wherein the formula for calculating the stand occupation cost of the departure flight when the stand waits for deduction in the step 4-1 is as follows:
wherein Cost gate Cost, parameter for flight stand occupancy
p is the fuel consumption cost per unit time during the taxiing process of the aircraft, t maxgate For maximum waiting time t of allowed stands in airport stand usage rules gate Indicating the wait time for the departure flight at the stand, i.e., the time that the flight has reached the scheduled launch time but has not yet acquired the launch permit, resulting in continued waiting at the stand.
10. The method for flight guidance control based on airport surface real-time adaptive adjustment according to claim 9, wherein the formula for calculating the total cost of flight departure in step 4-2 is as follows:
wherein Cost is the total Cost of departure of flights, and M is the total number of departure flights on the current day of airport operation; p is the fuel consumption cost per unit time in the taxi process of the flight, t taxiway,i For the recorded time of the ith flight sliding waiting on the taxiway, i is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to M, so p.t taxiway,i Representing the fuel consumption cost of the ith flight on the taxiway; t is t gate,i For the recorded waiting time of the ith flight at the stand,
i.e. the stand occupancy cost for the ith flight.
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