CN115683788A - Auxiliary pouring tool capable of accurately generating cracks and use method - Google Patents
Auxiliary pouring tool capable of accurately generating cracks and use method Download PDFInfo
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- CN115683788A CN115683788A CN202211713601.8A CN202211713601A CN115683788A CN 115683788 A CN115683788 A CN 115683788A CN 202211713601 A CN202211713601 A CN 202211713601A CN 115683788 A CN115683788 A CN 115683788A
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Abstract
The invention discloses an auxiliary pouring tool capable of accurately generating cracks and a using method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of rock and soil experiments. The tool comprises a hollowed scale substrate, a fixing clamp, scale supporting nails and fracture plates with different sizes, wherein the hollowed scale substrate comprises an upper plate and a lower plate, and the fixing clamp comprises an operation plate, a clamping arm, a horizontal fixing bolt and a vertical fixing bolt; holes which completely penetrate through the plate body are drilled at the intersection points of the hollow grids of the upper plate and the lower plate, the hole drilling shapes of the two plates are hemispherical, beads with the same diameter as that of the hemispherical holes are placed in each hole of the lower plate, and the upper bottom surface of the lower plate and the lower bottom surface of the upper plate are completely fixed together in a bonding or screw through hole fixing mode to form bead-shaped connection. The invention can assist in pouring a conventional mold, and can accurately generate a test piece with any inclination angle tendency, any spatial position, any through form and any shape crack.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of rock and soil experiments, and particularly relates to an auxiliary pouring tool capable of accurately generating cracks and a using method.
Background
The joint crack is an important attribute of a rock mass, an engineering body, a material body and the like, the development and the expansion of the joint crack can cause adverse effects on the mechanical properties of the rock mass, the engineering body and the like, and the engineering attribute and the use capability of the rock mass and the engineering body are seriously reduced. The analysis of the fracture expansion distribution, the damage form, the constitutive model and other directions of the rock mass or the engineering body is an important research direction in the fields of engineering, materials, ground mines, water conservancy and the like, and has important guiding significance for the development of each field.
The method of cutting through cracks or semi-through cracks is frequently used for prefabricating cracks of rock test pieces, and the method of placing the prefabricated cracks in a pouring mold during pouring is frequently used for prefabricating cracks of rock-like engineering body materials (such as gypsum concrete and the like).
The major disadvantages of conventional techniques for pre-setting fractures include:
(1) For the pouring test piece with the completely through-shaped crack, if the number of the through-shaped cracks in the test piece is large, the crack is not easy to control during preparation, and finally the error between the spatial position and the preset position of the crack in the finished test piece is large.
(2) For a pouring test piece with a non-completely through crack, particularly an experimental test piece with a crack surface not perpendicular to the pouring surface, the spatial position of the crack is difficult to control in the pouring process, so that the spatial position of the crack of a final finished product test piece is greatly different from a preset position, and the experimental effect is influenced.
(3) If a conventional pouring mold is used for an experimental test piece with more cracks and irregular distribution, the spatial position of each crack cannot be accurately controlled in the preparation process, and air is easily injected in the pouring process, so that the difference between the final experimental test piece and the designed test piece is extremely large.
In order to prefabricate a test piece crack of an engineering body or a rock mass, a large amount of research and research are carried out by students, for example, the prior art provides an experimental test piece crack prefabricating instrument which can manufacture through and semi-through cracks and cracks in various shapes, but the prefabricating instrument is complex in mechanism, can not prefabricate non-through and built-in cracks, and has poor accurate prefabricating effect on various cracks in a single test piece.
In addition, the prior art provides a mold capable of manufacturing rock mass fracture samples with different inclination angles in batches, and the mold is more suitable for batch manufacturing of pouring test pieces with complete through and different angles. However, the mold does not consider the condition that the through crack is not vertical to the surface of the test piece, and does not have the capability of manufacturing non-through cracks, built-in cracks or a large number of irregular cracks. The device and the method for preparing the rock test pieces with different fracture positions, inclination angles and connectivity rates have certain advantages for accurately preparing the through and semi-through fractures. Likewise, the device does not have the capability to make non-through, built-in cracks or a large number of irregular cracks at all.
The prior art provides an adjustable rock-like material crack prefabricating device. The device has the advantages of manufacturing a single through crack, does not consider the situation that the through crack is not vertical to the surface of a test piece, and does not have the capacity of manufacturing non-through cracks, built-in cracks or a large number of irregular cracks.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an auxiliary pouring tool capable of accurately generating cracks and a using method thereof, aiming at the problems that in the prior art, a few tools capable of generating non-through and built-in cracks exist, and a few auxiliary tools suitable for various molds (rectangular and circular) are provided, cracks with any angle, any depth and any shape cannot be placed at high precision in the conventional test piece manufacturing mold and the corresponding auxiliary tool for generating cracks during pouring, and a single experimental test piece with a large number of different cracks (such as different connectivity, different crack thicknesses, different crack spatial positions and different crack inclination angles) cannot be poured by the conventional test piece manufacturing mold and the corresponding auxiliary tool for generating cracks, and the like.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
the auxiliary pouring tool comprises a hollow scale base plate, a fixing clamp, scale supporting nails and fracture plates with different sizes,
the hollow scale substrate comprises an upper plate and a lower plate, and the fixing clamp comprises an operating plate, a clamping arm, a horizontal fixing bolt and a vertical fixing bolt;
holes which completely penetrate through the plate body are drilled at the intersection points of the hollow grids of the upper plate and the lower plate, the drilling shapes of the holes of the two plates are hemispherical, a small ball with the same diameter as the hole of the hemisphere is placed in each hole of the lower plate, the upper bottom surface of the lower plate and the lower bottom surface of the upper plate are completely fixed together in a bonding or screw through hole fixing mode to form bead-shaped connection, and through holes which penetrate through the beads are drilled in the small balls;
the hollow scale substrate is directly and completely fixedly connected with the operation plate in the fixing clamp, and the upper plate surface of the operation plate and the upper plate surface of the hollow scale substrate are in the same plane;
a groove guide rail is arranged below the surface of the operation plate, the upper ends of two clamping arms of the fixing clamp are the same in convex shape as the cross section of the groove guide rail and can respectively and freely slide in the two groove guide rails, through holes are formed in the same positions of the tail ends of the two clamping arms, a horizontal fixing bolt completely penetrates through the through holes at the tail ends of the two clamping arms, and a nut of the horizontal fixing bolt is screwed to completely fix the distance between the two clamping arms so that the clamping arms can completely clamp the outer surface of the mold;
the operation plate is provided with a groove for the vertical fixing bolt to pass through, the operation plate is horizontally translated and adjusted to a proper position, and then the two vertical fixing bolts on the operation plate are screwed so as to fix the hollowed-out scale substrate at the die orifice of the die;
the scale supporting nail penetrates through a through small hole of the small bead in the bead-shaped connection;
according to the use requirement, the slit plates with different sizes are fixed on the scale supporting nails and are placed in the transparent mould so as to generate the slits.
The upper plate and the lower plate are both of grid-shaped hollow structures, and the hollow positions, shapes and sizes of the upper plate and the lower plate are completely the same.
The beads connected in a bead shape are completely embedded in the hollow scale substrate and can rotate in any direction.
Distance scales and angle scales are marked at the position, which is not hollowed out, of the upper surface of the upper plate, so that experimenters can conveniently and accurately place the fracture material plate.
The hollow scale substrate is made of transparent materials.
The scale support nail is of a slender strip structure, the cross section of the scale support nail is rectangular or circular, the shape of the cross section is consistent with that of the through hole of the bead, and the side length of the cross section in the rectangular state or the diameter of the cross section in the circular state is less than 1mm.
Ointment is smeared on the inner side of the through small hole of the bead and the outer wall of the bead, so that the relative position of the scale support nail and the bead is kept unchanged under the condition of not receiving external force, and the bead is kept to be not rotated in the hole under the condition of not receiving the external force.
Distance scales are marked on the scale supporting nail body.
The scale supporting nail is made of steel materials or other materials with high strength and difficult deformation.
The fixing clamp can clamp the die for manufacturing the casting die, so that the auxiliary tool can be fixedly arranged at the die opening of the casting die.
The slit plate is formed by printing through a three-dimensional printing technology, a guide groove is formed in the printed slit plate, and the scale support nail completely penetrates through the guide groove of the slit plate. The printing material includes:
(1) preparing a fracture plate by using a water-soluble or self-degradable printing material, wherein the fracture plate is used for generating a fracture communicated with the surface of a test piece;
(2) and (3) preparing a fracture plate by using gypsum powder printing, and generating a non-through and built-in fracture with the surface of the test piece.
In order to ensure that the relative position between the slit plate and the scale support nail can keep a relative static state under the condition of not receiving external force, the relative position between the slit plate and the scale support nail can be changed under the action of slight external force, and elastic rubber films can be covered at two ends of a guide groove of the slit plate.
The slit plate can be manufactured in an artificial prefabrication mode, and the used materials comprise:
(1) the low-strength foam material has low material strength, is easy to cut and penetrate through holes, and can be used for manufacturing penetrating and non-penetrating built-in cracks;
(2) the hollow paperboard type structural material has low material strength, is easy to cut and penetrate through holes, and can be used for manufacturing penetrating and non-penetrating built-in cracks;
(3) gypsum and other building materials easy to cut have low strength, are easy to cut and penetrate through holes, and are often made into non-penetrating built-in cracks.
The use method of the auxiliary pouring tool comprises the following steps:
s1: a preparation stage:
determining a pouring mold of a test piece size required by an experiment, designing a space occurrence form and corresponding variables of a crack of the experiment test piece, and preparing a corresponding pouring material required by the experiment; manufacturing a fracture plate in a three-dimensional printing mode or a manual prefabrication mode;
s2: preparing a test piece:
selecting an auxiliary pouring tool matched with the size of an experimental pouring mold, clamping the mold by using a fixing clamp, completely fixing the auxiliary pouring tool on a port of the mold, selecting a small hole of a hollowed scale base plate at a required position, penetrating a scale supporting nail through the small hole, selecting a crack plate to be placed according to the size and the position of an experimental preset crack, adjusting the relative position of the crack plate and the scale supporting nail according to the scale supporting nail and the scale on the scale base plate, then placing the hollowed scale base plate at the opening at the upper end of the mold, keeping the hollowed scale base plate, the scale supporting nail and the crack plate immobile, injecting a pouring material downwards through a hollowed grid, and ensuring that the injection height of the material around the crack plate is level when the material is injected, so that the injection is completed;
s3: case division treatment:
s31: fracture test piece of perpendicular face of pouring of penetrability: after pouring is finished, the scale support nail is selected to be quickly and stably drawn out along the nail direction, and the hollow scale substrate is taken down; (for the test piece with the penetrating crack, in order to ensure the effect when the test piece is manufactured, the crack plate is not pulled out when the sample is manufactured, the crack plate is taken out after the test piece is dried and cured or is completely shaped, and if the material strength of the crack plate is lower (such as foam, paper, gypsum and the like), the crack plate does not need to be pulled out)
S32: non-penetrating, built-in fracture test piece: after pouring is finished, the scale support nail is quickly and stably pulled out along the nail direction, the hollow scale base plate is taken down, and the fracture plate is reserved in the pouring test piece according to a design form;
s33: test pieces with a large number of cracks distributed: when the pouring material submerges one of the fracture plates, the scale support nail of the fracture plate is quickly and stably pulled out along the nail direction, the test piece is continuously poured, and when the pouring material submerges the next fracture plate, the operation is repeated until the pouring is completely finished; (in this case, the slit plates cannot be pulled out, particularly, the slit plates without penetration cannot be pulled out individually, and when such slits are made, a slit plate of a weaker strength or a material which can be automatically degraded is selected)
S4: and (3) finishing the manufacture:
and finishing the test piece manufacturing, selecting a place to maintain the test piece according to the experiment requirement, and cleaning an auxiliary pouring tool.
In the step S2, other measuring tools such as a protractor and the like are required to be used for the crack test piece of the non-vertical pouring surface so that the crack test piece meets the prefabrication requirement of an experimental test piece.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) The invention can assist in pouring a conventional mold, and can accurately generate a test piece with any inclination angle tendency, any spatial position, any through form and any shape crack.
(2) The existing test piece manufacturing mold and the corresponding auxiliary tool for generating the cracks can not pour a single experimental test piece with a large number of different cracks (such as different connectivity, different crack thicknesses, different crack spatial positions and different crack inclination angles). The invention not only can prefabricate the crack test piece, but also can accurately set and control the properties of each crack in the test piece.
(3) The invention is not limited by the shape and size of the casting mould, can be completely fixed and adapted to most experimental casting moulds through the fixing clamp device, and has higher adaptability.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of an auxiliary casting tool capable of accurately generating cracks according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an exploded view of a crack plate structure of an auxiliary casting tool capable of accurately generating cracks according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a detail view of the bead connection of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a mounting fixture according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating the effects of a fractured test piece produced by the same position of the support pin and the same size of the fractured plate in the embodiment of the present invention, wherein (a) in FIG. 5 is effect one, and (b) in FIG. 5 is effect two;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a test piece with a through-type slit, a non-through type slit and a multi-complex slit formed according to an embodiment of the present invention, wherein (a) in FIG. 6 is the through-type slit, (b) in FIG. 6 is the non-through type slit, and (c) in FIG. 6 is the multi-complex slit.
Wherein: 1-a fracture plate; 2-scale supporting nails; 21-distance scale; 3-vertical fixing bolts; 4-an operation panel; 41-groove guide rails; 5-hollowing out the scale substrate; 51-upper plate; 52-lower plate; 53-bead linkage; 531-small through-holes; 6-a clamping arm; 7-horizontal fixing bolts; 8-transparent mould.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the following detailed description is given with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
The invention provides an auxiliary pouring tool capable of accurately generating cracks and a using method.
As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the auxiliary pouring tool comprises a hollow scale base plate 5, a fixing clamp, scale supporting nails 2 and fracture plates 1 with different sizes,
the hollow scale substrate 5 comprises an upper plate 51 and a lower plate 52, and the fixing clamp comprises an operating plate 4, a clamping arm 6, a horizontal fixing bolt 7 and a vertical fixing bolt 3;
holes which completely penetrate through the plate body are drilled at the intersection points of the hollow grids of the upper plate 51 and the lower plate 52, the drilling shapes of the holes of the two plates are hemispherical, a small ball with the same diameter as the diameter of the hole of the hemisphere is placed in each hole of the lower plate, the upper bottom surface of the lower plate and the lower bottom surface of the upper plate are completely fixed together in a bonding or screw through hole fixing mode to form a bead-shaped connection 53, and through holes 531 which penetrate through the ball body are drilled in the small ball;
the hollow scale substrate 5 is directly and completely fixedly connected with the operation plate 4 in the fixing clamp, and the upper plate surface of the operation plate 4 and the upper plate surface of the hollow scale substrate 5 are in the same plane;
as shown in fig. 4, a groove guide rail 41 is arranged below the surface of the operation panel 4, the upper ends of the two clamping arms 6 of the fixing clamp have the same convex shape as the cross section of the groove guide rail 41 and can freely slide in the groove guide rail 41, through holes are arranged at the same positions of the tail ends of the two clamping arms 6, the horizontal fixing bolt 7 completely penetrates through the through holes at the tail ends of the two clamping arms 6, and the nut of the horizontal fixing bolt 7 is screwed to completely fix the distance between the two clamping arms 6, so that the clamping arms 6 completely clamp the outer surface of the mold;
the operation plate 4 is provided with a groove for the vertical fixing bolt 3 to pass through, the operation plate 4 is adjusted to a proper position by horizontal translation, and then the two vertical fixing bolts 3 on the operation plate 4 are screwed so as to fix the hollow scale substrate 5 at the die orifice of the die;
the scale support pins 2 pass through the through holes 531 of the beads in the bead-shaped connection 53;
according to the use requirement, the fracture plates 1 with different sizes are fixed on the scale supporting nails 2 and are placed in the transparent mould 8 so as to generate the fractures.
The upper plate 51 and the lower plate 52 are both in a grid-shaped hollow structure, and the hollow positions, shapes and sizes of the upper plate and the lower plate are completely the same.
As shown in fig. 3, the beads of the bead-shaped connection 53 are completely embedded in the hollow scale substrate 5 and can rotate in any direction.
Distance scales and angle scales are marked at the positions, which are not hollowed out, of the upper surface of the upper plate 51, so that experimenters can conveniently and accurately place the fracture material plate.
The hollow scale substrate 5 is made of transparent materials.
The scale supporting nail 2 is a slender strip-shaped structure, the section of the scale supporting nail is rectangular or circular, the shape of the section is consistent with that of the through small hole 531 of the bead, and the side length when the section is rectangular or the diameter when the section is circular is less than 1mm.
Ointment is smeared on the inner side of the through small hole 531 of the bead and the outer wall of the bead, so that the relative position of the scale supporting nail 2 and the bead is kept unchanged under the condition of not receiving external force, and meanwhile, the bead is kept to be not rotated in the hole under the condition of not receiving the external force. The state that the three parts are kept relatively static when being interfered by other external force changes.
Distance scales 21 are marked on the nail body of the scale support nail 2.
The scale supporting nail 2 is made of steel material or other materials with high strength and difficult deformation.
The fixing clamp can clamp the die for manufacturing the pouring die, so that the auxiliary tool can be fixedly arranged at the die opening of the pouring die.
The fracture plate 1 can be printed or prefabricated in three dimensions, and the method comprises the following steps:
1) Printing by using a three-dimensional printing technology to form a slit plate 1: the slit plate 1 is designed and printed by three-dimensional modeling software, and slits with various shapes can be arranged. A guide groove is formed in the printing fracture plate 1, and the scale supporting nail 2 can completely penetrate through the guide groove of the fracture plate 1. In order to ensure that the relative position between the slit plate 1 and the scale support nail 2 can keep a relative static state under the condition of not receiving external force, the relative position between the slit plate 1 and the scale support nail 2 can be changed under the action of slight external force, and elastic rubber films can be covered at two ends of a guide groove of the slit plate 1.
(1) When a crack penetrating the surface of the test piece is generated, a water-soluble printing material or a material which is easily degraded by itself may be used. The cracks can be automatically decomposed and disappear or degraded and destroyed during curing.
(2) Some less strong printing materials such as gypsum powder and the like may be used in creating non-through, built-in crevices with respect to the surface of the test piece.
2) Cutting the pre-slit plate 1 from other materials: the prefabricated fracture plate 1 can be cut by selecting materials without three-dimensional printing technical conditions, and the following three technical schemes are mainly provided:
(1) the low-strength foam material has low material strength, is easy to cut and penetrate through holes, and can be used for manufacturing penetrating and non-penetrating built-in cracks.
(2) The hollow paperboard type structural material has low material strength, is easy to cut and penetrate through holes, and can be used for manufacturing penetrating and non-penetrating built-in cracks.
(3) Gypsum and other building materials easy to cut have low strength, are easy to cut and penetrate through holes, and are often made into non-penetrating built-in cracks.
In practical design, the broken bead-shaped connection 53 in the board can be conveniently taken and replaced by means of adhesion or screw through hole fixation. The beads of the bead-shaped connection 53 are provided with through holes penetrating through the beads and capable of passing through fine objects such as fine needles and threads.
The use method of the auxiliary pouring tool comprises the following steps:
s1: a preparation stage:
determining a pouring mold of a test piece size required by an experiment, designing a space occurrence form and corresponding variables of a crack of the experiment test piece, and preparing a corresponding pouring material required by the experiment; manufacturing a fracture plate 1 in a three-dimensional printing mode or a manual prefabrication mode;
s2: preparing a test piece:
selecting an auxiliary pouring tool matched with the size of an experimental pouring mold, clamping the mold by using a fixing clamp, completely fixing the auxiliary pouring tool on a port of the mold, selecting a small hole of a hollowed scale base plate 5 at a required position, penetrating a scale support nail 2 through the small hole, selecting a crack plate 1 to be placed according to the size and the position of an experimental preset crack, adjusting the relative position of the crack plate 1 and the scale support nail 2 according to the scale support nail 2 and scales on the scale base plate, then placing the hollowed scale base plate 5 at an opening at the upper end of the mold, keeping the hollowed scale base plate 5, the scale support nail 2 and the crack plate 1 still, injecting a pouring material downwards through a hollowed grid, and ensuring that the injection height of the materials around the crack plate 1 is level when the material is injected, so as to finish the injection;
s3: case by case processing (as in fig. 6):
s31: fracture test piece of perpendicular face of pouring of penetrability: after pouring is finished, the scale support nail 2 is selected to be rapidly and stably pulled out along the nail direction, and the hollow scale substrate 5 is taken down;
s32: non-penetrating, built-in fracture test piece: after pouring is finished, the scale support nail 2 is quickly and stably pulled out along the nail direction, the hollow scale base plate 5 is taken down, and the fracture plate 1 is reserved in the pouring test piece according to a design form;
s33: test pieces with a large number of cracks distributed: when the pouring material submerges one of the fracture plates 1, the scale support nails 2 of the fracture plate 1 are quickly and stably pulled out along the nail direction, the test piece is continuously poured, and when the pouring material submerges the next fracture plate 1, the operation is repeated until the pouring is completely finished;
s4: and (3) finishing the manufacture:
and finishing the manufacture of the test piece, selecting a place to maintain the test piece according to the experiment requirement, and cleaning the auxiliary pouring tool.
And in the step S2, other measuring tools such as a protractor and the like are required to be used for the crack test piece of the non-vertical pouring surface so that the crack test piece meets the prefabrication requirement of the experimental test piece.
The tool can produce different fracture test pieces under the conditions that the positions of the supporting nails are not changed and the sizes of the fracture plates 1 are not changed, as shown in figure 5.
While the foregoing is directed to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (9)
1. An auxiliary pouring tool capable of accurately generating cracks is characterized by comprising a hollow scale base plate, a fixing clamp, scale supporting nails and crack plates with different sizes,
the hollow scale substrate comprises an upper plate and a lower plate, and the fixing clamp comprises an operating plate, a clamping arm, a horizontal fixing bolt and a vertical fixing bolt;
holes which completely penetrate through the plate body are drilled at the intersection points of the hollow grids of the upper plate and the lower plate, the drilling shapes of the holes of the two plates are hemispherical, a small ball with the same diameter as the hole of the hemisphere is placed in each hole of the lower plate, the upper bottom surface of the lower plate and the lower bottom surface of the upper plate are completely fixed together in a bonding or screw through hole fixing mode to form bead-shaped connection, and through holes which penetrate through the beads are drilled in the small balls;
the hollow scale substrate is directly and completely fixedly connected with the operation plate in the fixing clamp, and the upper plate surface of the operation plate and the upper plate surface of the hollow scale substrate are in the same plane;
a groove guide rail is arranged below the surface of the operation plate, the upper ends of two clamping arms of the fixed clamp are in the same convex shape as the cross section of the groove guide rail and can freely slide in the two groove guide rails correspondingly, through holes are arranged at the same positions of the tail ends of the two clamping arms, a horizontal fixing bolt completely passes through the through holes at the tail ends of the two clamping arms, and a nut of the horizontal fixing bolt is screwed to completely fix the distance between the two clamping arms so that the clamping arms completely clamp the outer surface of the mold;
the operation plate is provided with a groove for the vertical fixing bolt to pass through, the operation plate is horizontally translated and adjusted to a proper position, then the two vertical fixing bolts on the operation plate are screwed, and the hollowed scale substrate is fixed at the die orifice of the die;
the scale supporting nail penetrates through a through small hole of the bead in the bead-shaped connection;
according to the use requirement, the fracture plates with different sizes are fixed on the scale supporting nails and are placed in the transparent mold to generate the fractures.
2. The auxiliary pouring tool capable of accurately generating cracks as claimed in claim 1, wherein the upper plate and the lower plate are both in a grid-shaped hollow structure and have the same hollow position, shape and size.
3. The auxiliary casting tool capable of precisely generating cracks as claimed in claim 1, wherein the bead-shaped connected beads are completely embedded in the hollowed-out scale substrate and can rotate in any direction.
4. The auxiliary pouring tool capable of accurately generating the cracks is characterized in that distance scales and angle scales are marked at positions, which are not hollowed out, of the upper surface of the upper plate; the hollow scale substrate is made of transparent materials.
5. The auxiliary casting tool capable of accurately generating the cracks as claimed in claim 1, wherein the scale support nail is of a slender strip structure, the cross section of the scale support nail is rectangular or circular, the shape of the cross section is consistent with the shape of the through hole of the bead, and the side length of the cross section in the rectangular case or the diameter of the cross section in the circular case is less than 1mm.
6. The auxiliary pouring tool capable of accurately generating the cracks is characterized in that distance scales are marked on the nail body of the scale support nail.
7. The auxiliary pouring tool capable of accurately generating the cracks as claimed in claim 1, wherein the crack plate is formed by printing in a three-dimensional printing manner, a guide groove is arranged in the printed crack plate, and a scale support nail completely penetrates through the crack plate guide groove; the printing materials include:
(1) preparing a fracture plate by using a water-soluble or self-degradable printing material, wherein the fracture plate is used for generating a fracture communicated with the surface of the test piece;
(2) and (3) printing and preparing a crack plate by using gypsum powder, and generating a built-in crack which is not communicated with the surface of the test piece.
8. The auxiliary casting tool capable of accurately generating the cracks as claimed in claim 1, wherein the crack plate is made by artificial prefabrication, and the materials used for the crack plate comprise:
(1) a foam material, wherein through and non-through built-in cracks are manufactured;
(2) the hollow paperboard type structural material is manufactured with through and non-through built-in cracks;
(3) gypsum, a non-through built-in crack was made.
9. The use method of the auxiliary pouring tool capable of accurately generating the cracks is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1: a preparation stage:
determining a pouring mold of a test piece size required by an experiment, designing a space occurrence form of a crack of the experiment test piece, and preparing a pouring material required by the experiment; manufacturing a fracture plate in a three-dimensional printing mode or a manual prefabrication mode;
s2: preparing a test piece:
selecting an auxiliary pouring tool matched with the size of an experimental pouring mold, clamping the mold by using a fixing clamp, completely fixing the auxiliary pouring tool on a port of the mold, selecting a small hole of a hollowed scale base plate at a required position, penetrating a scale supporting nail through the small hole, selecting a crack plate to be placed according to the size and the position of an experimental preset crack, adjusting the relative position of the crack plate and the scale supporting nail according to the scale supporting nail and the scale on the scale base plate, then placing the hollowed scale base plate at the opening at the upper end of the mold, keeping the hollowed scale base plate, the scale supporting nail and the crack plate immobile, injecting a pouring material downwards through a hollowed grid, and ensuring that the injection height of the material around the crack plate is level when the material is injected, so that the injection is completed;
s3: case division processing:
s31: the fracture test piece of the penetrability vertical casting surface: after pouring is finished, the scale support nail is selected to be quickly and stably drawn out along the nail direction, and the hollow scale substrate is taken down;
s32: non-penetrating, built-in fracture test piece: after pouring is finished, the scale support nail is quickly and stably pulled out along the nail direction, the hollow scale base plate is taken down, and the fracture plate is reserved in the pouring test piece according to a design form;
s33: test pieces with a large number of cracks distributed: when the pouring material submerges one of the fracture plates, the scale support nail of the fracture plate is quickly and stably pulled out along the nail direction, the test piece is continuously poured, and when the pouring material submerges the next fracture plate, the operation is repeated until the pouring is completely finished;
s4: and (3) finishing the manufacturing:
and finishing the test piece manufacturing, selecting a place to maintain the test piece according to the experiment requirement, and cleaning an auxiliary pouring tool.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN116519422A (en) * | 2023-06-28 | 2023-08-01 | 河北工业大学 | Method for planning 3D printing cutting path of rock mass model variable-opening fracture and forming device |
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