CN115682238A - Multifunctional simple air purifier - Google Patents
Multifunctional simple air purifier Download PDFInfo
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- CN115682238A CN115682238A CN202211365622.5A CN202211365622A CN115682238A CN 115682238 A CN115682238 A CN 115682238A CN 202211365622 A CN202211365622 A CN 202211365622A CN 115682238 A CN115682238 A CN 115682238A
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Abstract
The invention provides a multifunctional simple air purifier, which is characterized in that a nano electrostatic fiber spinning membrane filter core is directly doped with a harmful gas purifying material, a virus and bacteria purifying material is grafted in the nano electrostatic fiber spinning membrane filter core, and multiple purifying functions of the air purifier are integrated on a single air filter to form a composite air filtering filter core; by adopting the physical barrier filter with the nano electrostatic fiber spinning membrane filter element, secondary pollutants can not be generated, no electrical potential safety hazard exists, and the filter is safe, green and environment-friendly.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of air purification, in particular to a multifunctional simple air purifier.
Background
The air purifier is a commonly used household appliance, and the purification effect on particulate matters and harmful gases in the air is the main performance index of the air purifier; after the new coronary pneumonia epidemic situation is epidemic, the new international standard, the national standard and the American standard of the air purifier increase the stipulation of the air purifier on the purifying effect of bacteria and viruses in the air.
In order to achieve the purpose of purifying particulate matters and harmful gases in air, air purifiers commonly used at home and abroad adopt various air purification technologies, including fiber filtration, activated carbon filtration, electrostatic filtration (including plasma, negative ion and electrostatic technologies), photocatalysis, ultraviolet rays, tea polyphenol and the like.
The filter material mainly used for filtering particulate matters at present is glass fiber and melt-blown electret electrostatic filter material. The glass fiber can achieve high filtering efficiency as a filtering material, but has high air resistance. When the melt-blown electret electrostatic material is used as an air filter material, although the air resistance can be greatly reduced when the same efficiency of glass fiber is achieved, when the material is used as the air filter material according to the national standard, the efficiency of the material is obtained by testing under the static electricity removing condition, and the filtering efficiency is obviously reduced, so that the air resistance of the filter material of particles adopted by the existing air filter is a big bottleneck.
Formaldehyde is a representative of harmful gas in the air. Currently, the main methods for removing formaldehyde are as follows: filtering with activated carbon; and (4) plasma purification. Although the activated carbon has stronger adsorption and removal effects on formaldehyde, the activated carbon has the defects of large air resistance and is not suitable for regeneration after saturation. Plasma filtration has the advantages of small air resistance, certain decomposition and removal effects on harmful gases in the air when a certain voltage is exceeded (> 12 kV), certain deposition effect on particulate matters, and certain killing effect on bacteria and viruses, but a plasma air filter can generate secondary pollution such as ozone and nitrogen oxides, and can generate electromagnetic interference and electric sparks, so that the application range of the air purifier is greatly limited.
The main technology for killing bacteria and viruses in the air is an ultraviolet lamp at present, the purifying effect of high-intensity ultraviolet light on the bacteria and viruses is very high, but the radiation intensity of the domestic ultraviolet lamp is far lower than that of the international advanced product, meanwhile, the service life of a lamp tube is only about 1000 hours, the ultraviolet lamp has a great killing effect on human skin and eyes, and can also generate ozone to cause secondary pollution, so the ultraviolet lamp is mainly used as an auxiliary light source for nano titanium dioxide photocatalysis in China. The main domestic virus killing technology is a plasma purifier, and the plasma purifier has the advantages of small air resistance and certain killing effect on viruses in air when the voltage exceeds a certain voltage (> 12 kV), but the air filter can generate secondary pollution such as ozone and nitric oxide and the like and can generate electromagnetic interference and electric sparks.
After the global new coronary pneumonia epidemic situation is pandemic in 2020, the application range of the air purifier is expanded to public buildings such as hospitals, schools and offices at home and abroad, so that the air purifier is required to have the functions of inactivating viruses and killing bacteria at the same time. The existing air purifier is generally formed by overlapping and combining a plurality of technologies, not only the selling price is high, but also the parts are frequently replaced, the operation cost is not very high, the air resistance is overlarge, the energy consumption is increased, meanwhile, part of the purification technology can generate secondary pollution harmful to the human body, for example, high-voltage electrostatic filtration, and the application range is greatly limited due to the possible generation of secondary pollution such as ozone, nitrogen oxide, VOC and the like.
Virus and bacteria purifying materials developed and used for epidemic prevention in China during epidemic situations are basically single compounds, and the virus inactivation rate and the bacteria killing rate are limited in effect; or has the defects of harmfulness, peculiar smell and corrosiveness to human bodies.
In summary, it is urgent to develop a multifunctional air purifier with low air resistance, high purification rate of harmful gas, high virus and bacteria killing rate, better performance, lower price, and environmental protection.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical problems, the invention provides a multifunctional simple air purifier, which is based on a composite air filtering filter element, can simultaneously have multiple functions of filtering air, removing harmful gas, inactivating viruses and killing bacteria, and has the advantages of simple structure, high efficiency, excellent performance, no secondary pollution, safety, environmental protection and low price.
The invention has the conception that various purification functions of the air purifier are integrated on a single air filter, a physical blocking type filter element is adopted to functionally construct the filter element, harmful gas purification materials are directly doped in the filter element, viruses and bacteria purification materials are grafted in the filter element to form a composite air filtration filter element, and the viruses in the air are inactivated and the bacteria in the air are killed while the fine particulate matters and the harmful gases in the air are efficiently purified.
In combination with the above concepts, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
in a first aspect, the invention provides a multifunctional simple air purifier, which comprises a shell, a composite air filtering filter element, a fan, a motor and a controller, wherein the composite air filtering filter element comprises a nano electrostatic fiber spinning membrane filter element, a harmful gas purifying material, a virus purifying material and a bacterium purifying material.
Further, the harmful gas purification material is directly doped in the nano electrostatic fiber spinning membrane filter core, and the virus and bacteria purification material is grafted to the nano electrostatic fiber spinning membrane filter core.
Further, the nano electrostatic fiber spinning membrane filter element is a nano silicon dioxide electrostatic fiber spinning membrane filter element or a nano polyamide-based N-halamine electrostatic fiber spinning membrane filter element.
Furthermore, the harmful gas purification material is a nano rutile manganese zinc material, and the nano rutile manganese zinc material is directly doped in the nano silicon dioxide electrostatic fiber spinning membrane filter core or the nano polyamide N-halamine electrostatic fiber spinning membrane filter core.
Further, the virus and bacterium purifying material is a mixed solution of dipentene and cetylpyridinium chloride, and the mixed solution of dipentene and cetylpyridinium chloride is grafted to the nano-silica electrostatic fiber spinning membrane filter element or the nano-polyamide N-halamine electrostatic fiber spinning membrane filter element.
In a second aspect, the present invention provides a composite air filter material that can be used in the multifunctional simple air purifier of the first aspect, the composite air filter material including a nano electrostatic fiber spun film, a harmful gas purification material, and a virus and bacteria purification material.
Furthermore, the harmful gas purifying material is directly doped in the nano electrostatic fiber spinning membrane filter element, and the virus and bacteria purifying material is grafted to the nano electrostatic fiber spinning membrane.
Further, the nano electrostatic fiber spinning film is a nano silicon dioxide electrostatic fiber spinning film or a nano polyamide-based N-halamine electrostatic fiber spinning film.
Furthermore, the harmful gas purification material is a nano rutile manganese zinc material and is directly doped in a nano silicon dioxide electrostatic fiber spinning film or a nano polyamide N-halamine electrostatic fiber spinning film.
Further, the virus and bacteria purifying material is a mixed solution of dipentene and cetylpyridinium chloride, and the mixed solution of dipentene and cetylpyridinium chloride is grafted to the nano silicon dioxide electrostatic fiber spinning film or the nano polyamide-based N-halamine electrostatic fiber spinning film.
In a third aspect, the invention provides a preparation method of the composite air filter material in the second aspect, which comprises the following steps:
s1, mixing a nano rutile manganese zinc material with a nano silicon dioxide electrostatic fiber spinning film or a nano polyamide-based N-halamine electrostatic fiber spinning film, and preparing the nano rutile manganese zinc functionalized nano silicon dioxide electrostatic fiber spinning film or the nano polyamide-based N-halamine electrostatic fiber spinning film by adopting a direct doping method;
and S2, grafting the mixed solution of dipentene and cetylpyridinium chloride to the nano silicon dioxide electrostatic fiber spinning film or the nano polyamide-based N-halamine electrostatic fiber spinning film.
In a fourth aspect, the present invention provides a viral and bacterial decontamination material, comprising: a mixed solution of dipentene and cetylpyridinium chloride.
The virus and bacteria purifying material is used for the multifunctional simple air purifier of the first aspect, the compound air filtering material of the second aspect, the compound air filtering material prepared by the preparation method of the third aspect or used as a disinfectant.
Through detection, the multifunctional simple air purifier and the composite air filtering material provided by the invention have the advantages that the inactivation rate of the new coronavirus is more than 99.99%, the inactivation rate of the influenza virus is more than 99.99%, the bacteriostasis rate (killing rate) of bacteria is more than 99.995%, and the purification efficiency of formaldehyde is 97%.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention provides a multifunctional simple air purifier, which is characterized in that a nano electrostatic fiber spinning membrane filter element material is doped with a harmful gas purifying material, a virus and bacteria purifying material is grafted in the nano electrostatic fiber spinning membrane filter element, and multiple purifying functions of the air purifier are integrated on a single air filter to form a composite air filtering filter element, so that the composite air filtering filter element can simultaneously have multiple functions of filtering air, removing harmful gas, inactivating viruses and killing bacteria, and has the advantages of simple structure, high efficiency, excellent performance and low price; by adopting the physical barrier filter with the nano electrostatic fiber spinning membrane filter element, secondary pollutants can not be generated, no electrical potential safety hazard exists, and the filter is safe, green and environment-friendly.
Drawings
The present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the drawings and preferred embodiments, but those skilled in the art will appreciate that the drawings are only drawn for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments and therefore should not be taken as limiting the scope of the invention. Furthermore, unless specifically stated otherwise, the drawings are merely schematic representations based on conceptual representations of elements or structures depicted and may contain exaggerated displays and are not necessarily drawn to scale.
FIG. 1 is a view showing a structure of a multi-functional simple type air cleaner;
FIG. 2 is a method for preparing the composite air filtering material;
reference symbol names:
1. a housing; 2. a composite air filtering filter element; 3. a fan; 4. a motor; 5. and a controller.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings 1 to 2.
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
Embodiment 1 a multi-functional simple and easy type air purifier
An embodiment 1 of the present invention provides a multifunctional simple air purifier, as shown in fig. 1, including a housing 1, a composite air filter element 2, a fan 3, a motor 4, and a controller 5, where the composite air filter element includes a nano electrostatic fiber spinning membrane filter element, a harmful gas purification material, and a virus and bacteria purification material.
The harmful gas purifying material is directly doped in the nano electrostatic fiber spinning membrane filter core, and the virus and bacteria purifying material is grafted to the nano electrostatic fiber spinning membrane filter core.
Preferably, the nano electrostatic fiber spinning membrane filter element is a nano silicon dioxide electrostatic fiber spinning membrane filter element or a nano polyamide-based N-halamine electrostatic fiber spinning membrane filter element.
Further preferably, the nano electrostatic fiber spinning membrane filter element is a nano silicon dioxide electrostatic fiber spinning membrane filter element.
Preferably, the harmful gas purification material is a nano rutile manganese zinc material;
the nano rutile manganese zinc material is directly doped in the nano silicon dioxide electrostatic fiber spinning membrane filter core or the nano polyamide N-halamine electrostatic fiber spinning membrane filter core.
The direct doping (or direct doping method) means that the nano rutile manganese zinc material is mixed with the raw materials of the nano silicon dioxide electrostatic fiber spinning film or the nano polyamide-based N-halamine electrostatic fiber spinning film to form the functional single integral fiber filter material of the nano rutile manganese zinc in the production process.
The nano rutile manganese zinc material consists of nano titanium dioxide, nano manganese dioxide and nano zinc oxide; preferably, the specific gravity of the nano titanium dioxide in the nano rutile manganese zinc material is 99%.
Preferably, the virus and bacterium purifying material is a mixed solution of dipentene and cetylpyridinium chloride; the virus and bacteria purifying material is grafted to a nano silicon dioxide electrostatic fiber spinning membrane filter core or a nano polyamide-based N-halamine electrostatic fiber spinning membrane filter core.
The composite air filtering filter element is also a functionalized nano electrostatic fiber spinning membrane filter element (a functionalized nano silicon dioxide electrostatic fiber spinning membrane filter element or a nano polyamide-based N-halamine electrostatic fiber spinning membrane filter element).
In the embodiment 1, the nano electrostatic fiber spinning membrane filter element has a high specific surface area, a high porosity and a low material cost, and is easy to functionally construct; the air filter taking the nano electrostatic fiber spinning membrane as the filter element has the advantages of simple structure, low price, safety, greenness and environmental protection. The nano rutile manganese zinc material is used for purifying harmful gases in the air. The mixed solution of dipentene and cetylpyridinium chloride is used for inactivating virus and killing bacteria.
Embodiment 2A composite air filter material
The embodiment 2 of the invention provides a composite air filter material which can be used for a multifunctional simple air purifier in the embodiment 1, and the composite air filter material comprises a nano electrostatic fiber spinning film, a harmful gas purification material, and a virus and bacterium purification material.
The harmful gas purifying material is directly doped in the nano electrostatic fiber spinning membrane filter element, and the virus and bacteria purifying material is grafted to the nano electrostatic fiber spinning membrane.
Preferably, the nano electrostatic fiber spinning film is a nano silicon dioxide electrostatic fiber spinning film or a nano polyamide-based N-halamine electrostatic fiber spinning film.
Further preferably, the nano electrostatic fiber spinning film is a nano silica electrostatic fiber spinning film.
Preferably, the harmful gas purification material is a nano rutile manganese zinc material, and the nano rutile manganese zinc material is composed of nano titanium dioxide, nano manganese dioxide and nano zinc oxide; preferably, the specific gravity of the nano titanium dioxide in the nano rutile manganese zinc material is 99%.
The nano rutile manganese zinc material is directly doped in a nano silicon dioxide electrostatic fiber spinning film or a nano polyamide-based N-halamine electrostatic fiber spinning film to form a nano rutile manganese zinc functionalized single-integrity fiber filter material.
Preferably, the virus and bacteria purifying material is a mixed solution of dipentene and cetylpyridinium chloride; the virus and bacteria purifying material is grafted to the nanometer silicon dioxide electrostatic fiber spinning film or the nanometer polyamide-based N-halamine electrostatic fiber spinning film.
The composite air filtering material is also a functionalized nano electrostatic fiber spinning film (a functionalized nano silicon dioxide electrostatic fiber spinning film or a nano polyamide-based N-halamine electrostatic fiber spinning film).
In this embodiment 2, the nano rutile manganese zinc material is used for purifying harmful gases in the air; the mixed solution of the dipentene and the cetylpyridinium chloride is used for inactivating viruses and killing bacteria; the nano electrostatic fiber spinning membrane has the advantages of high specific surface area, high porosity and low material cost, and is easy to functionally construct; the air filter taking the nano electrostatic fiber spinning membrane as the filter element has the advantages of simple structure, low price, safety, greenness and environmental protection.
Embodiment 3 preparation method of composite air filter material
Embodiment 3 of the present invention provides a preparation method of a composite air filter material, which is used for preparing the composite air filter material in embodiment 2, in the composite air filter material prepared by the preparation method in embodiment 3, a nano rutile manganese zinc material is directly doped in a nano electrostatic fiber spinning film, so as to form a nano rutile manganese zinc functionalized integral fiber filter material.
The preparation method of the composite air filter material in the embodiment 3 of the invention is shown in fig. 2, and comprises the following steps:
s1, mixing a nano rutile manganese zinc material with a nano silicon dioxide electrostatic fiber spinning film or a nano polyamide-based N-halamine electrostatic fiber spinning film, and preparing the nano rutile manganese zinc functionalized nano silicon dioxide electrostatic fiber spinning film or the nano polyamide-based N-halamine electrostatic fiber spinning film by adopting a direct doping method;
and S2, grafting the mixed solution of dipentene and cetylpyridinium chloride to the nano silicon dioxide electrostatic fiber spinning film or the nano polyamide-based N-halamine electrostatic fiber spinning film.
The composite air filter material of embodiment 3 is a single integrated nano electrostatic fiber filter material functionalized by nano rutile manganese zinc, dipentene and cetylpyridinium chloride through the functionalization of the nano rutile manganese zinc material and the grafting of the mixed solution of dipentene and cetylpyridinium chloride.
EXAMPLE 4A Virus and bacteria decontamination Material
Embodiment 4 of the present invention provides a virus and bacteria purification material, comprising: a mixed solution of dipentene and cetylpyridinium chloride.
The virus and bacteria purifying material is used for a multifunctional simple air purifier described in embodiment 1 or a composite air filtering material described in embodiment 2 or a composite air filtering material prepared by the preparation method described in embodiment 3 or is applied as a disinfectant.
Example 5 air filtration efficiency and air resistance test
The purifying effect of the particulate matters in the air is one of the main performance indexes in the national standard of the air purifier, and the air resistance of the filter element of the particulate matters adopted by the air filter is an important detection index.
According to the GB/T13554-2020 high-efficiency air filter standard, the air filtration efficiency and the air resistance of the multifunctional simple air purifier respectively using the nano-silica electrostatic fiber spinning membrane, the nano-polyamide N-halamine electrostatic fiber spinning membrane and the glass fiber as the filter element are detected and compared in the application process of the multifunctional simple air purifier as the high-efficiency filter, and the detection result is shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 multifunctional simple air purifier filtration efficiency and air resistance detection
The test results in table 1 show that the glass fiber filter element of the comparative example has high filtration efficiency but large air resistance, while the nano electrostatic fiber spinning membrane filter element, especially the nano silicon dioxide electrostatic fiber spinning membrane filter element, filters fine particles and particulate matters in the air through a compact nano-scale fiber net, belongs to physical barrier type filtration, and not only has high filtration efficiency, but also has small air resistance.
Embodiment 6 formaldehyde purification efficiency detection of multifunctional simple air purifier
The purification effect of harmful gases in the air is one of the main performance indexes in the national standard of air purifiers, wherein the representative is formaldehyde.
According to the GB/T18801-2015 air purifier standard, formaldehyde purification efficiency of the multifunctional simple air purifier with the functional nano electrostatic fiber spinning membrane filter element containing the nano rutile manganese zinc material is detected, and the detection result is shown in table 2.
TABLE 2 Formaldehyde purification efficiency test result of multifunctional simple air purifier
The detection results in table 2 show that the formaldehyde purification efficiency of the multifunctional simple air purifier with 2 functionalized nano electrostatic fiber spinning membrane filter elements containing nano rutile manganese zinc materials reaches 97%, and the formaldehyde purification efficiency is high.
The nano rutile manganese zinc is a nano-grade catalytic material, and formaldehyde molecules and oxygen molecules in the air are converted into CO after being catalyzed by the nano rutile manganese zinc 2 Molecule and H 2 O molecule, the purification effect is achieved, and the purification mechanism of the nano rutile manganese zinc to formaldehyde is as follows:
the nano rutile manganese zinc also has decomposition effect on ammonia gas and hydrogen sulfide, and can play a role in deodorization.
Example 7 detection of antibacterial and antiviral Activity of functionalized Nano Electrostatic fiber spinning Membrane or Filter element thereof
According to GB/T20944.3-2008' evaluation of antibacterial performance of textiles part 3: and (4) detecting the bacterial killing rate of the functionalized nano silicon dioxide electrostatic fiber spinning membrane or the filter element thereof according to the standard of the oscillation method. According to ISO 18184: 2019 And (E) detecting the virus inactivation rate of the functionalized nano electrostatic fiber spinning membrane or the filter element thereof according to the international standard of textile antiviral activity determination. The results are detailed in Table 3.
TABLE 3 detection results of antibacterial and antiviral activity of functionalized nano electrostatic fiber spinning membrane or filter element thereof
The detection results in table 3 show that the inactivation rate of the functionalized nano-silica electrostatic fiber spinning membrane or the filter element thereof to influenza virus and new coronavirus is greater than 99.99%, and the bacteriostasis rate (killing rate) to bacteria is greater than 99.995%. The detection result shows that the functionalized nano electrostatic fiber spinning membrane or the filter element thereof has the performance of efficiently inactivating viruses and killing bacteria.
In the air purification process of the mixed solution of dipentene and cetylpyridinium chloride in the composite air filter element of the multifunctional simple air purifier, bacteria and viruses are firstly intercepted by the nano electrostatic fiber spinning membrane filter element, and then the nano electrostatic fiber spinning membrane functionalized by the mixed solution of dipentene and cetylpyridinium chloride releases active chlorine to inactivate pathogens.
In the multifunctional simple air purifier which grafts the mixed solution of dipentene and cetylpyridinium chloride to the nano electrostatic fiber spinning membrane filter element, the dipentene and cetylpyridinium chloride play a combined role, and can efficiently inactivate viruses and kill bacteria.
The present invention has been described in detail, and the principles and embodiments of the present invention have been described using specific examples, which are provided only to help understand the present invention and its core concept. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, it is possible to make various improvements and modifications to the present invention without departing from the principle of the present invention, and those improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides a multi-functional simple and easy type air purifier which characterized in that, includes casing, compound filtration filter core, fan, motor and controller, compound filtration filter core includes nanometer electrostatic fiber spinning membrane filter core, harmful gas purifying material, virus and bacterium purifying material.
2. The multifunctional simple air purifier as recited in claim 1, wherein said harmful gas purifying material is directly doped in said nano electrostatic fiber spinning membrane cartridge; the virus and bacteria purifying material is grafted to the nanometer electrostatic fiber spinning membrane filter element.
3. The multifunctional simple air purifier as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 2, wherein the nano electrostatic fiber spinning membrane filter element is a nano silica electrostatic fiber spinning membrane filter element or a nano polyamide-based N-halamine electrostatic fiber spinning membrane filter element; the harmful gas purification material is a nano rutile manganese zinc material; the virus and bacteria purifying material is mixed solution of dipentene and cetylpyridinium chloride.
4. A composite air filter material for the multifunctional simple air purifier as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the composite air filter material comprises a nano electrostatic fiber spinning film, a harmful gas purifying material, a virus and bacteria purifying material.
5. The composite air filter material of claim 4, wherein the harmful gas purification material is directly doped in the nano electrostatic fiber spinning membrane filter element; the virus and bacteria purifying material is grafted to the nanometer electrostatic fiber spinning film.
6. The composite air filter material according to any one of claims 4 to 5, wherein the nano electrostatic fiber spun film is a nano silica electrostatic fiber spun film or a nano polyamide-based N-halamine electrostatic fiber spun film; the harmful gas purification material is a nano rutile manganese zinc material; the virus and bacteria purifying material is mixed solution of dipentene and cetylpyridinium chloride.
7. A method of making a composite air filtration material of claim 6, comprising the steps of:
s1, mixing a nano rutile manganese zinc material with a nano silicon dioxide electrostatic fiber spinning film or a nano polyamide-based N-halamine electrostatic fiber spinning film, and preparing the nano rutile manganese zinc functionalized nano silicon dioxide electrostatic fiber spinning film or the nano polyamide-based N-halamine electrostatic fiber spinning film by adopting a direct doping method;
and S2, grafting the mixed solution of dipentene and cetylpyridinium chloride to the nano silicon dioxide electrostatic fiber spinning film or the nano polyamide-based N-halamine electrostatic fiber spinning film.
8. A viral and bacterial decontamination material, comprising: a mixed solution of dipentene and cetylpyridinium chloride.
9. The virus and bacteria purification material according to claim 8, wherein the virus and bacteria purification material is used in the multifunctional simplified air purifier according to any one of claims 1 to 3 or the composite air filtration material according to any one of claims 4 to 6 or the composite air filtration material prepared by the preparation method according to claim 7 or is applied as a disinfectant.
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