CN115680976A

CN115680976A - Method for storing and releasing energy by gravity water pressure of object and pumping power station for realizing method

Info

Publication number: CN115680976A
Application number: CN202211342100.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 梁家明
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2022-10-31
Filing date: 2022-10-31
Publication date: 2023-02-03

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for storing and releasing energy by object gravity water pressure and a pumped power station for realizing the method. The method for storing and releasing energy by gravity and water pressure of an object comprises the following steps: pressurizing and conveying the water body into the device of the heavy object hydraulic pressure variable displacement pump by using a water pumping electric pump, and lifting the heavy object to store energy; the pressure water flows out of the device of the heavy object water pressure variable displacement pump to drive the water turbine to drive the generator to generate electricity and release energy. The pumping power station for realizing the method comprises a device 10 of a heavy hydraulic variable displacement pump which is arranged on a base 52 of the power station and is communicated with a diversion pipeline 20, a pumping electric pump 30, a water turbine 40 for generating electricity and an electric motor 41, wherein the device 10 of the heavy hydraulic variable displacement pump is provided with a variable volume 16 for containing a water body 50 and bearing the ascending or descending activity of a heavy object 17. The water pumping power station adopting the invention is not limited by geographical conditions and hydrological conditions, can be built anywhere and occupies less land; the conversion efficiency of energy storage and energy release of the pumped power station is improved.

Description

Method for storing and releasing energy by gravity water pressure of object and pumping power station for realizing method

Technical Field

The invention relates to a method for storing and releasing energy by using gravity and water pressure of an object.

The invention also relates to a pumping power station for storing and releasing the energy by the gravity water pressure of the object, which comprises a water turbine and a motor for pumping water and generating electricity, and a device and a pumping electric pump of the heavy object water pressure variable displacement pump which are arranged on a base of the pumping power station, wherein a flow guide pipeline is communicated between the pumping electric pump and the water turbine.

Technical Field

The pumped storage power station is derived from potential energy of the fall of the low water level of the lower reservoir and the high water level of the upper reservoir. The electric energy in the low ebb of the electric load is used for pumping water to an upper reservoir for storing energy, and the water is discharged to a lower reservoir for generating power in the high ebb of the electric load. The pumped storage unit has four-machine type, three-machine type and reversible type. The four-machine set consists of a water turbine, a generator, a water pump and a motor. The water turbine and the generator are a set of unit for generating electricity; the motor and the water pump are another set of unit for pumping water. The four-machine type is adopted by the early pumped storage power station. The unit is simpler than other combination types in the aspects of starting and manufacturing, but has more equipment, large plant area and higher investment. The three-machine type is formed by connecting a water pump, a water turbine and a motor-generator together through a coupling. When pumping water, the electric generator drives the water pump to pump water; when generating electricity, the water turbine drives the motor-generator to operate in a power generation mode. The two operation modes have the same rotation direction and are mutually converted quickly. The starting is generally not provided with special starting equipment, and the water turbine is used for directly driving the motor-generator to start. The three-machine type has two types, namely a horizontal shaft and a vertical shaft. The horizontal shaft type unit is convenient to maintain and disassemble, but occupies a large area; the vertical shaft type unit has higher factory building and small occupied area. The reversible type consists of a reversible water pump-water turbine and a motor-generator. The water turbine also serves as a water pump, and the generator also serves as a motor. The rotating wheel of the reversible pump turbine is a dual-purpose rotating wheel with special design. The water turbine is used in forward running and the water pump is used in reverse running. Because one machine has two functions, the two working conditions cannot be optimal, and the efficiency is low.

The pumped storage power station is an important power supply of a power system and plays roles of peak regulation, valley filling, frequency modulation, phase modulation, emergency accident standby and the like in a power grid system. The pumped storage power station generally operates in cooperation with thermal power, nuclear power, photoelectricity, wind power and the like, has the functions of 'peak clipping and valley filling', can improve the safe and stable operation capacity of a power grid, and optimizes power resource allocation. The consumption capability of a power grid system to wind power, photoelectric and other fluctuating power supplies is improved, and clean renewable energy is fully utilized.

The pumped storage power station is a mature energy storage technology at present, and the efficiency is as high as about 75%. The pumped storage power station is used for physical energy storage, and is economical and environment-friendly. However, the pumped storage power station is limited by geographical conditions and hydrologic conditions and cannot be constructed on a large scale. The upper reservoir and the lower reservoir need a relatively high fall to lift the potential energy of the water body. The upper reservoir needs a large enough storage capacity to store a large volume of water. The upper reservoir also requires good geological conditions to prevent water leakage. Therefore, the pumped storage power station is greatly restricted by geographical conditions, occupies a large geographical area, and has little loss on factors such as leakage, evaporation, volatilization and the like of upper reservoir water storage.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to overcome the defects of the pumped storage power station, the invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a method which is not limited by geographical conditions and limited by the height drop of water under the hydrological conditions. The method can be built anywhere, occupies less land, has no problems of leakage, evaporation, volatilization and the like of water bodies, and is beneficial to improving the utilization efficiency of energy storage and energy release.

Accordingly, another technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method for controlling the elevation drop of a water body without the restriction of geographical conditions and hydrological conditions. Can be built anywhere, occupies less land, and has no problems of water body such as leakage, evaporation, volatilization and the like. The method is favorable for improving the utilization efficiency of energy storage and energy release.

In terms of the method for accumulating and releasing energy by the gravity water pressure of the object, the invention solves the technical problem and comprises the following steps: an object gravity water pressure energy storage step and an object gravity water pressure energy release step: the water body is pressurized by a water pumping electric pump and is conveyed from a lower water reservoir at a low water level to the volume of the device of the heavy object water pressure variable displacement pump at a high water level through a diversion pipeline, and the heavy object is carried. The volume in the device of the heavy object hydraulic pressure variable displacement pump stores potential energy along with the rising of the water volume and the lifting height of the heavy object. The potential energy of the water body and the potential energy of the weight object are stored. The water body in the inner volume of the weight hydraulic variable displacement pump flows out from the diversion pipeline under the pressure of the weight object so as to drive the water turbine to drive the motor to generate electricity and release potential energy. The potential energy of the water body and the potential energy of the weight object are released. The step of reciprocating the heavy object to ascend or descend is carried out in the flow of the heavy water pressure variable displacement pump along with the ascending or descending of the volume of the water body. The water body is stored in a lower reservoir around the base of the pumping power station for cyclic utilization. The specific gravity of the weight object is greater than that of the water body. The weight object can be concrete, steel or other substances. Therefore, compared with the potential energy of the natural water body elevation drop of the upper reservoir, the water body in the device of the heavy object hydraulic pressure variable displacement pump can generate more energy storage and release under the pressure of the heavy object.

In the case of a pumped-water power station of the method for storing and releasing energy by gravity and water pressure of an object, the pumped-water power station for solving the technical problem is characterized in that: the device comprises a device provided with a heavy object water pressure variable displacement pump on a water pumping power station base, a water pumping electric pump used for conveying water of a lower reservoir to the device of the heavy object water pressure variable displacement pump through a flow guide pipeline, a water turbine and a motor used for generating electricity, a flow guide pipeline used for communicating the device of the heavy object water pressure variable displacement pump, the water pumping electric pump and the water turbine, and the lower reservoir and the water stored around the water pumping power station base. The device of the heavy object hydraulic pressure variable displacement pump is provided with a variable volume for containing water, and is communicated with the water pumping electric pump and the water turbine through a diversion pipeline. The device of the heavy object hydraulic pressure variable displacement pump comprises a piston and a pump cylinder, wherein the piston is arranged in the pump cylinder and is used for bearing a heavy object to move up and down in a reciprocating manner; the piston is provided with a sealing device which keeps movable sealing contact with the pump cylinder, the sealing device is provided with a plurality of annular grooves at the peripheral circumferential edge of the piston body and is provided with a plurality of annular sealing rings which are suitable for the annular grooves, the plurality of annular sealing rings are sealed by adopting a material in a flexible contact mode, and the material can be rubber or silica gel. The connecting interface between the guide pipeline and the water pump is provided with a check valve, and the connecting interface between the guide pipeline and the water turbine is also provided with a control regulating valve.

The water pumping power station adopting the structure adopts a special high-pressure water pumping electric pump, a water turbine and a motor which are specially used for power generation. The structural form of the pumping power station can be combined in various ways according to actual requirements. In general, a variable displacement pump with variable hydraulic pressure is equipped with a hydraulic turbine and an electric motor, and an electric pump for pumping water to several different levels. The device of the multiple heavy weight hydraulic pressure variable displacement pumps is combined, and is matched with one to several unequal hydraulic turbines and motors, and the corresponding number of the electric pumping pumps. The scale of the pumping power station can set the number of devices of the heavy object hydraulic pressure variable displacement pump from dozens to hundreds, even thousands of devices according to the actual condition requirements, and the devices are matched with corresponding pumping electric pumps, hydraulic turbines and motors. The pumping power station adopting the combined structure can flexibly, quickly and effectively absorb the huge change of electric energy input from small capacity to large capacity, and is favorable for improving the efficiency of pumping energy storage.

Drawings

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

Fig. 1 is a longitudinal section of a first embodiment of the gravity hydraulic energy storage and release pumped-hydro power plant of the invention.

Figure 2 is a top plan view of a second embodiment of the gravity hydraulic energy storage and release pumped-hydro power plant of the present invention.

Detailed Description

Fig. 1 shows a pumped-hydro power station for gravitational hydraulic energy storage and release of energy from an object in the form of a longitudinal section. The device comprises a device 10 which is provided with a heavy object hydraulic pressure variable displacement pump on a pumping power station base 52, a diversion pipeline 20 for conveying water 50, a pumping electric pump 30 for conveying the water 50 stored in a lower reservoir 51 into the device 10 of the heavy object hydraulic pressure variable displacement pump through the diversion pipeline 20, a water turbine 40 and a motor 41 for generating electricity, and the lower reservoir 51 which is arranged around the pumping power station base 52 and stores the water 50. The variable volume 16 is arranged in the device 10 of the heavy weight hydraulic variable volume pump and is used for containing a water body 50, and the device 10 of the heavy weight hydraulic variable volume pump is communicated with the electric pumping pump 30 and the water turbine 40 through the diversion pipeline 20. The device 10 of the variable displacement pump under heavy water pressure consists of a piston 11 and a pump cylinder 12. The piston 11 is arranged in a pump cylinder 12 and is used for reciprocating ascending or descending of a weight-bearing object 17, the pump cylinder 12 is vertically and fixedly arranged on a base 52, the bottom of the pump cylinder 12 is provided with a water body 50 inlet and outlet 18 communicated with a diversion pipeline 20, the top of the pump cylinder 12 is provided with an inlet and outlet 19 of the weight-bearing object 17, and the piston 11 is provided with a sealing device 13 which is movably contacted with the pump cylinder 12. The sealing device 13 is provided with a plurality of annular grooves 14 at the peripheral edge of the piston body 11 and a plurality of annular sealing rings 15 which are suitable for the grooves, and the plurality of annular sealing rings 15 movably seal the gap between the piston 11 and the pump cylinder 12 which relatively changes along with the up-and-down movement of the piston 11. The material of the multi-channel annular sealing ring 15 can be rubber or silica gel. A water body 50 check valve 31 is arranged at the connecting interface between the diversion pipeline 20 and the electric pump 30, and a control regulating valve 21 for controlling the flow and the flow speed of the water body 50 is arranged at the connecting interface between the diversion pipeline 20 and the water turbine 40.

Fig. 2 shows another pumped-hydro power plant for gravitational hydraulic energy storage and release, which is shown in a plan view, and fig. 2 is a pumped-hydro power plant consisting of basic units of the pumped-hydro power plant shown in fig. 1 in a superposed manner. Comprising a device 10 consisting of 10 heavy-duty hydraulic variable displacement pumps, 20 electric suction pumps 30, 2 hydraulic turbines 40 for generating electricity and 2 electric motors 41, a lower reservoir 51 for storing a body of water 50 within the confines of a base 52 of the suction station. The device 10 of 10 heavy weight hydraulic variable displacement pumps is communicated with 20 electric pumping pumps 30 and 2 hydraulic turbines 40 through a diversion pipeline 20.

The working process of the pumping power station for storing and releasing the energy by the gravity water pressure of the object is as follows: a body of water 50 is pressurized by a water-drawing electric pump 30 and delivered from a low level lower reservoir 51 through a diversion conduit 20 to the volume 16 of the high level heavy water pressure variable displacement pump apparatus 10 and loaded with heavy objects 17. The volume 16 within the apparatus 10 of the heavy hydraulic variable displacement pump stores potential energy as the volume of the body of water 50 rises and lifts the height of the heavy object 17. Both the potential energy of the body of water 50 and the potential energy of the weighted object 17 are stored. The water body 50 in the device 10 of the variable displacement pump driven by heavy water pressure flows out from the diversion pipeline 20 by the pressure of the weight object 17 to drive the water turbine 40 to drive the motor 41 to generate electricity so as to release potential energy. Releasing both the potential energy of the body of water 50 and the potential energy of the weighted object 17. The steps of reciprocating the water body 50 and the heavy objects 17 up and down are performed in a flow within the apparatus 10 of the heavy water pressure variable displacement pump that moves up or down with the volume of the water body 50.

The preferred embodiments and examples of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the embodiments and examples, and various changes can be made within the knowledge of those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for accumulating and releasing energy by gravity and water pressure of an object, which comprises the following steps:

the electric energy driving motor 41 drives the water turbine 40 to convey the water body 50 from the lower reservoir to the upper reservoir through the diversion pipeline 20 for energy storage, and the water body 50 flows from the upper reservoir to the lower reservoir through the diversion pipeline 20 to drive the water turbine 40 to drive the motor 41 to generate electricity for energy release.

The method is characterized in that: the water body 50 is pressurized by the electric pump 30 and conveyed from the lower reservoir 51 to the volume 16 of the device 10 of the variable displacement pump under heavy water pressure through the diversion pipeline 20, the volume 16 in the device 10 of the variable displacement pump under heavy water pressure stores energy as the volume of the water body 50 rises and the height of the weight object 17 is raised, the water body 50 in the device 10 of the variable displacement pump under heavy water pressure flows out of the diversion pipeline 20 under the pressure of the weight object 17 to drive the water turbine 40 to drive the motor 41 to generate electricity and release energy, the step of reciprocating rising or falling of the weight object 17 is carried out in the flow of the device 10 of the variable displacement pump under heavy water pressure as the volume of the water body 50 rises or falls, and the water body 50 is stored in the lower reservoir 51 around the pumping base 52 for recycling.

2. The gravity hydraulic energy storage and release method for the object according to claim 1, characterized in that: the specific gravity of the weight object 17 is greater than that of the water body 50, and the weight object 17 may be concrete or steel.

3. A pumping plant for carrying out the gravity hydraulic energy storage and release method of the object of claim 1, comprising a hydraulic turbine 40 and an electric motor 41 for pumping and generating electricity, the hydraulic turbine 40 communicating with an upper water source and a lower water source through a diversion conduit 20, a lower reservoir 51 provided around a pumping plant base 52 and storing a body of water 50, wherein the pumping plant base 52 is provided with the device 10 of the variable displacement hydraulic pump for heavy objects, the electric pump 30 for pumping the body of water 50 of the lower reservoir 51 into the device 10 of the variable displacement hydraulic pump for heavy objects through the diversion conduit 20, the diversion conduit 20 for communicating the device 10 of the variable displacement hydraulic pump for heavy objects with the electric pump 30 for pumping the water and the hydraulic turbine 40, the device 10 of the variable displacement hydraulic pump for heavy objects having a variable volume 16 for accommodating the body of water 50, the device 10 of the variable hydraulic variable displacement pump for heavy objects communicating with the electric pump 30 and the hydraulic turbine 40 through the diversion conduit 20.

4. The pumped power plant of claim 3, wherein: the device 10 of the heavy hydraulic variable displacement pump comprises a piston 11 and a pump cylinder 12, wherein the piston 11 is arranged in the pump cylinder 12 and bears the reciprocating ascending or descending motion of a weight object 17, the pump cylinder 12 is vertically and fixedly arranged on a base 52, the bottom of the pump cylinder 12 is provided with a water body 50 inlet and outlet 18 communicated with a diversion pipeline 20, the top of the pump cylinder 12 is provided with a piston 11 inlet and outlet 19 bearing the weight object 17, and the piston 11 is provided with a sealing device 13 which keeps movable sealing contact with the pump cylinder 12.

5. The pumped water power plant of claim 4, wherein: the sealing device 13 is characterized in that a plurality of annular grooves 14 are formed in the peripheral circumferential edge of the piston body 11 and are provided with a plurality of annular sealing rings 15 which are suitable for the annular grooves, the plurality of annular sealing rings 15 movably seal gaps which are relatively changed between the piston 11 and the pump cylinder 12 along with the ascending or descending movement of the piston 11, and the annular sealing rings 15 can be made of rubber or silica gel.

6. The pumped water power plant of claim 3, wherein: the connection port of the diversion pipeline 20 and the electric pump 30 is provided with a check valve 31.

7. The pumped water power plant of claim 3, wherein: and a control regulating valve 21 is arranged at the connecting port of the diversion pipeline 20 and the water turbine 40.

8. The pumped power plant of claim 3, wherein: the diversion conduit 20 is in communication with the apparatus 10 of the multiple weight hydraulic variable displacement pump.

9. The pumped power plant of claim 6, wherein: the guide duct 20 is in communication with a plurality of water turbines 40.

10. The pumped power plant of claim 6, wherein: the diversion conduit 20 is in communication with a plurality of electric pump pumps 30.