CN115679154A - Ti-W-Ta-Nb intermediate alloy and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Ti-W-Ta-Nb intermediate alloy and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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CN115679154A
CN115679154A CN202211321876.7A CN202211321876A CN115679154A CN 115679154 A CN115679154 A CN 115679154A CN 202211321876 A CN202211321876 A CN 202211321876A CN 115679154 A CN115679154 A CN 115679154A
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alloy
intermediate alloy
titanium
sponge
pure
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CN115679154B (en
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李佩桓
姜安龙
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Beijing Aviation Materials Research Institute Co ltd
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Beijing Aviation Materials Research Institute Co ltd
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Abstract

The invention relates to a Ti-W-Ta-Nb intermediate alloy and a preparation method thereof, wherein the Ti-W-Ta-Nb intermediate alloy can be synthesized through the processes of target intermediate alloy component design, raw material type selection, raw material proportion content control, electron beam melting preparation and the like, and the intermediate alloy can be used for the melting preparation of tungsten-containing and tantalum-containing titanium alloys and intermetallic compounds thereof, can effectively improve the uniformity and stability of alloy components, and can reduce the metallurgical defects of segregation, inclusion and the like of refractory metal elements.

Description

Ti-W-Ta-Nb intermediate alloy and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of preparation of alloy raw materials, in particular to a Ti-W-Ta-Nb intermediate alloy and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Alloying is one of the main means for regulating and optimizing microstructure and mechanical property of high-temperature titanium alloy and intermetallic compounds thereof, and different types and contents of alloy elements can generate multiple influences on performances such as oxidation resistance, strength, plasticity, durability, creep deformation and the like, so that the titanium alloy material meeting the application at higher service temperature and products thereof are obtained. Except for matrix elements such as Al and Ti, other alloy elements are usually added into raw materials in an intermediate alloy mode, and with the design requirements of higher service temperature and performance of high-temperature titanium alloy and intermetallic compounds thereof, some alloying elements such as W and Ta with high melting points become the choices of key alloying elements, but the design and preparation of the intermediate alloy containing the alloying elements such as W and Ta still have great difficulty at present.
Therefore, it is highly desirable to develop an intermediate alloy containing alloying elements such as W and Ta, which can effectively improve the uniformity and stability of the alloy components and reduce the metallurgical defects such as segregation and inclusion of refractory metal elements, and a method for preparing the same.
Disclosure of Invention
The intermediate alloy can be used for smelting and preparing tungsten-containing and tantalum-containing titanium alloys and intermetallic compounds thereof, can effectively improve the uniformity and stability of alloy components, and reduces the metallurgical defects of segregation, inclusion and the like of refractory metal elements.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions.
A Ti-W-Ta-Nb master alloy comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 10 to 20 percent of Nb alloy element, 10 to 20 percent of W alloy element, 10 to 30 percent of Ta alloy element, less than or equal to 0.5 percent of impurity alloy element, and the balance of Ti.
The melting point of the Ti-W-Ta-Nb intermediate alloy is far lower than that of a metal simple substance, and the Ti-W-Ta-Nb intermediate alloy is used for smelting and preparing tungsten-containing and tantalum-containing titanium alloy and titanium intermetallic compounds, so that the uniformity and stability of alloy components can be effectively improved, and the metallurgical defects of segregation, inclusion and the like of refractory metal elements are reduced. The Ti-W-Ta-Nb intermediate alloy can meet the smelting preparation requirements of tungsten-containing and tantalum-containing titanium alloys and intermetallic compounds thereof in the actual scientific research production and engineering application processes.
In some embodiments of the invention, the content of Nb alloying elements may be 10%, 11%, 12%, 13%, 14%, 15%, 16%, 17%, 18%, 19%, or 20%.
In some embodiments of the invention, the content of the W alloying element may be 10%, 11%, 12%, 13%, 14%, 15%, 16%, 17%, 18%, 19%, or 20%.
In some embodiments of the invention, the content of Ta alloying element may be 10%, 11%, 12%, 13%, 14%, 15%, 16%, 17%, 18%, 19%, 20%, 21%, 22%, 23%, 24%, 25%, 26%, 7%, 8%, 29%, or 30%.
In some embodiments of the invention, the content of the impurity alloying element may be 0, 0.1%, 0.2%, 0.3%, 0.4%, or 0.5%.
In some embodiments of the invention, the Ti-W-Ta-Nb master alloy is particulate and has a particle size of 0.2 to 5mm. For example, the particle size may be 0.2mm, 0.5mm, 1mm, 2mm, 3mm, 4mm or 5mm.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the Ti-W-Ta-Nb intermediate alloy, which comprises the following steps:
taking titanium sponge, ti-Nb intermediate alloy, pure tungsten powder and pure tantalum powder as raw materials, and weighing according to the proportion;
mixing the Ti-Nb intermediate alloy, the pure tungsten powder, the pure tantalum powder and part of the sponge titanium to obtain a mixture; placing the rest of the titanium sponge on the bottom layer of a smelting crucible of an electron beam smelting furnace, and then placing the mixture on the upper layer; reserving 2-5 sponge titanium particles from the weighed sponge titanium, placing the sponge titanium particles at the top end of the mixture, and preparing arc striking;
starting the electron beam melting furnace, rapidly increasing input current to 500-1000A after arc striking is successful, melting the mixture in the melting crucible under the input current to form a completely melted stable melting pool, and naturally cooling to form an intermediate alloy ingot;
and carrying out fine washing, crushing and screening on the intermediate alloy ingot to obtain the Ti-W-Ta-Nb intermediate alloy.
The required Ti-W-Ta-Nb intermediate alloy is prepared and obtained through the processes of target intermediate alloy component design, raw material variety selection, raw material proportion content control, electron beam melting preparation and the like.
It should be noted that the reserved 2-5 sponge titanium particles are part of the total amount of the weighed sponge titanium, and cannot be weighed, otherwise, the prepared master alloy composition is deviated.
In some embodiments of the invention, the titanium sponge is required to be grade 0 titanium sponge, and the particle size may be 2 to 12.7mm, such as 2mm, 3mm, 4mm, 5mm, 6mm, 7mm, 8mm, 9mm, 10mm, 11mm, 12mm, or 12.7mm.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the Ti-Nb master alloy may be in the form of a sheet, wherein the Nb element may be present in an amount of 50 to 70 wt% (e.g., 50, 55, 60, 65, or 70 wt%), and the balance Ti.
In some embodiments of the invention, the pure tungsten powder has a purity of 99.99% or more and a particle size of 5 to 20 μm, for example, 5 μm, 6 μm, 7 μm, 8 μm, 9 μm, 10 μm, 11 μm, 12 μm, 13 μm, 14 μm, 15 μm, 16 μm, 17 μm, 18 μm, 19 μm, or 20 μm.
In some embodiments of the invention, the pure tantalum powder has a purity of 99.9% or more and a particle size of 5 to 12 μm, for example 5 μm, 6 μm, 7 μm, 8 μm, 9 μm, 10 μm, 11 μm or 12 μm.
In some embodiments of the invention, the raw materials comprise, in weight percent: 20-50% of the titanium sponge, 20-35% of the Ti-Nb intermediate alloy, 10-20% of the pure tungsten powder and 10-30% of the pure tantalum powder.
Optionally, the ratio of the titanium sponge in the weighed raw materials may be, for example, 20%, 25%, 30%, 35%, 40%, 45%, or 50% by weight.
Alternatively, the ratio of the Ti-Nb master alloy in the raw materials weighed may be, for example, 20%, 25%, 30%, or 35% by weight.
Optionally, the proportion of the pure tungsten powder in the raw materials weighed by weight percentage may be, for example, 10%, 11%, 12%, 13%, 14%, 5%, 16%, 17%, 18%, 19% or 20%.
Optionally, the percentage of the pure tantalum powder in the raw materials may be, for example, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, or 30% by weight.
In some embodiments of the invention, the preparing of the mix comprises: firstly, uniformly mixing the Ti-Nb intermediate alloy, the tungsten powder and the tantalum powder to ensure that the pure tungsten powder and the pure tantalum powder are uniformly attached to the surface of the Ti-Nb intermediate alloy; then adding 40-60% of the sponge titanium and further uniformly mixing to obtain the mixture. The Ti-Nb intermediate alloy used in the invention is in a millimeter-scale thin sheet shape, the tungsten powder and the tantalum powder are in micron-scale fine particles, the tungsten powder and the tantalum powder have larger size and form difference compared with other intermediate alloy raw materials, and are not easy to adsorb on the surface of granular intermediate alloy such as titanium sponge, zirconium sponge and the like, and the phenomenon of tungsten powder and tantalum powder mixed deposition can occur when the tungsten powder and the tantalum powder are directly mixed, so that the conditions of splashing, unmelted, non-uniformity and the like of partial tungsten powder and tantalum powder can be reduced when in preparation.
In some embodiments of the invention, after starting the electron beam melting furnace, the method further comprises: vacuumizing to below 10Pa, filling protective atmosphere, vacuumizing to below 10Pa, starting a smelting power supply, and carrying out arc striking. Preferably, the protective atmosphere is argon.
In some embodiments of the invention, after the stable melt pool is formed, the energy input is maintained for no less than 5 minutes and then stopped.
In some embodiments of the present invention, before the fine washing, the method further comprises: repeatedly preparing the master alloy ingot to accumulate the master alloy ingot.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the method of preparing the Ti-W-Ta-Nb master alloy comprises the steps of:
selecting and preparing raw materials of the Ti-W-Ta-Nb intermediate alloy:
the method comprises the following steps of weighing and proportioning the raw materials of titanium sponge, ti-Nb intermediate alloy, pure tungsten powder and pure tantalum powder, wherein the raw materials comprise the following components in percentage by weight: 20 to 50 percent of sponge titanium, 20 to 35 percent of Ti-Nb intermediate alloy, 10 to 20 percent of pure tungsten powder and 10 to 30 percent of pure tantalum powder. Wherein the titanium sponge is generally required to be 0-grade titanium sponge, and the granularity is 2-12.7 mm; the Ti-Nb intermediate alloy is in a sheet shape, the weight percentage of Nb is 50 percent to 70 percent, and the rest is Ti; the purity of the pure tungsten powder is more than or equal to 99.99 percent, and the granularity is 5-20 mu m; pure tantalum powder with the purity of more than or equal to 99.9 percent and the granularity of 5-12 mu m;
mixing and arranging raw materials of the Ti-W-Ta-Nb master alloy:
fully and uniformly mixing the Ti-Nb intermediate alloy, the pure tungsten powder and the pure tantalum powder to ensure that the pure tungsten powder and the pure tantalum powder are uniformly attached to the surface of the flaky Ti-Nb intermediate alloy, and then adding 40-60% of the sponge titanium to further and uniformly mix to obtain a mixture; and uniformly placing the rest titanium sponge on the bottom layer of a melting crucible of an electron beam melting furnace, placing the mixture on the upper layer, and reserving 2-5 pieces of titanium sponge at the top end for arc striking.
Electron beam melting preparation of Ti-W-Ta-Nb intermediate alloy:
starting a vacuum electron beam smelting furnace, vacuumizing to below 10Pa, filling protective argon, vacuumizing to below 10Pa, starting a smelting power supply, rapidly increasing input current to 500-1000A after arc striking is successful, melting mixed raw materials in a crucible under the high-energy input condition to form a completely molten stable molten pool, stopping after the energy input is kept for not less than 5min, and naturally cooling to form an alloy ingot.
And (3) crushing particles of the Ti-W-Ta-Nb master alloy:
repeating the process, accumulating the intermediate alloy ingot, and carrying out the processes of fine washing, crushing and screening to obtain the Ti-W-Ta-Nb intermediate alloy with the granularity of 0.2-5 mm.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention provides a Ti-W-Ta-Nb quaternary intermediate alloy which can be used for smelting and preparing tungsten-containing and tantalum-containing titanium alloys and intermetallic compounds thereof, can effectively improve the uniformity and stability of alloy components, and reduces the metallurgical defects of segregation, inclusion and the like of refractory metal elements. In addition, the Ti-W-Ta-Nb master alloy is added without the problems of easy volatilization and burning loss which are the same with the aluminum alloy elements.
In addition, the melting point of the Ti-W-Ta-Nb intermediate alloy prepared by the invention is about 2000-2500 ℃, which is far lower than the melting point 3300-3500 ℃ of the tungsten simple substance and the melting point 2900-3000 ℃ of the tantalum simple substance, and in the preparation process of the titanium alloy and the intermetallic compound thereof, the Ti-W-Ta-Nb intermediate alloy is added in a mode of avoiding the unstable smelting current caused by the overlarge difference of the melting points.
Detailed Description
In order to facilitate understanding of the present invention, the technical solutions of the present invention are further described below with reference to specific embodiments, but the present invention is not limited thereto. All the techniques realized based on the above-mentioned contents of the present invention are covered in the protection scope of the present invention. The starting materials used in the examples are all commercially available products unless otherwise specified. The apparatus or the process steps not described herein are those that can be routinely determined by one of ordinary skill in the art.
Example 1: preparation of Ti-W-Ta-Nb intermediate alloy
Firstly, designing Ti-W-Ta-Nb intermediate alloy components:
the designed Ti-W-Ta-Nb intermediate alloy is a granular quaternary intermediate alloy, and the alloy comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 15 percent of Nb alloy element, 10 percent of W alloy element, 15 percent of Ta alloy element, less than or equal to 0.5 percent of impurity alloy element, and the balance of Ti.
Then, sponge titanium, ti-Nb intermediate alloy, pure tungsten powder and pure tantalum powder are used as raw materials for weighing and proportioning, and the raw materials are calculated according to the weight percentage: 50% of sponge titanium, 25% of Ti-Nb intermediate alloy, 10% of pure tungsten powder and 15% of pure tantalum powder. Wherein the titanium sponge is 0-grade titanium sponge with the granularity of 2-12.7 mm; the Ti-Nb intermediate alloy is in a sheet shape, the weight percentage of Nb is 50 percent to 70 percent, and the rest is Ti; the purity of the pure tungsten powder is more than or equal to 99.99 percent, and the granularity is 5-20 mu m; pure tantalum powder, the purity is more than or equal to 99.9 percent, and the granularity is 5-12 mu m.
And then, fully and uniformly mixing the Ti-Nb intermediate alloy, pure tungsten powder and pure tantalum powder, uniformly adhering the pure tungsten powder and the pure tantalum powder to the surface of the flaky Ti-Nb intermediate alloy, adding 50% of the total amount of the sponge titanium, and further uniformly mixing to obtain a mixture.
2-5 sponge titanium particles are remained in the total amount of the sponge titanium, the remained sponge titanium is uniformly placed on the bottom layer of a melting crucible of a vacuum electron beam melting furnace, and the mixture is placed on the upper layer; and placing the retained 2-5 particles of titanium sponge on the top end of the mixture for arc striking.
And then starting the vacuum electron beam melting furnace, vacuumizing to 8Pa, filling protective argon, vacuumizing to 10Pa, starting a melting power supply, rapidly increasing the input current to 800A after arc striking is successful, melting the mixed materials in the crucible under the high-energy input condition to form a completely molten stable molten pool, stopping after energy input is kept for 5min, and naturally cooling to form an alloy ingot.
And finally, repeating the process, accumulating the intermediate alloy ingot, and performing fine washing, crushing and screening to obtain the Ti-W-Ta-Nb intermediate alloy with the granularity of 0.2-5 mm, wherein the verified components comprise 14.3% of Nb alloy element, 10.9% of W alloy element, 14.3% of Ta alloy element, 60.1% of Ti alloy element and less than or equal to 0.2% of impurity alloy element.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims (10)

1. A Ti-W-Ta-Nb master alloy comprising, in weight percent: 10 to 20 percent of Nb alloy element, 10 to 20 percent of W alloy element, 10 to 30 percent of Ta alloy element, less than or equal to 0.5 percent of impurity alloy element, and the balance of Ti.
2. The Ti-W-Ta-Nb master alloy according to claim 1, wherein the Ti-W-Ta-Nb master alloy is in a granular form and has a grain size of 0.2 to 5mm.
3. The Ti-W-Ta-Nb master alloy according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that its melting point is 2000 to 2500 ℃.
4. A method of making a Ti-W-Ta-Nb master alloy as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, including the steps of:
taking titanium sponge, ti-Nb intermediate alloy, pure tungsten powder and pure tantalum powder as raw materials and weighing according to the proportion;
mixing the Ti-Nb intermediate alloy, the pure tungsten powder, the pure tantalum powder and part of the sponge titanium to obtain a mixture; placing the rest of the titanium sponge at the bottom layer of a smelting crucible of an electron beam smelting furnace, and then placing the mixture at the upper layer; reserving 2-5 sponge titanium particles from the weighed sponge titanium, placing the sponge titanium particles at the top end of the mixture, and preparing arc striking;
starting the electron beam melting furnace, rapidly increasing input current to 500-1000A after arc striking is successful, melting the mixture in the melting crucible under the input current to form a completely melted stable melting pool, and naturally cooling to form an intermediate alloy ingot;
and carrying out fine washing, crushing and screening on the intermediate alloy ingot to obtain the Ti-W-Ta-Nb intermediate alloy.
5. The method according to claim 4,
the titanium sponge is 0-grade titanium sponge, and the granularity is 2-12.7 mm;
the Ti-Nb intermediate alloy is in a flake shape, wherein the weight percentage content of Nb element is 50-70%, and the balance is Ti;
the purity of the pure tungsten powder is more than or equal to 99.99 percent, and the granularity is 5-20 mu m;
the purity of the pure tantalum powder is more than or equal to 99.9%, and the granularity is 5-12 mu m.
6. The method according to claim 4 or 5, wherein the raw materials comprise, in weight percent: 20-50% of the titanium sponge, 20-35% of the Ti-Nb intermediate alloy, 10-20% of the pure tungsten powder and 10-30% of the pure tantalum powder.
7. The method according to claim 4 or 5, wherein the preparation of the mix comprises: firstly, uniformly mixing the Ti-Nb intermediate alloy, the tungsten powder and the tantalum powder to ensure that the pure tungsten powder and the pure tantalum powder are uniformly attached to the surface of the Ti-Nb intermediate alloy; then adding 40-60% of the sponge titanium and further uniformly mixing to obtain the mixture.
8. The production method according to claim 4 or 5, further comprising, after starting up the electron beam melting furnace: vacuumizing to below 10Pa, filling protective atmosphere, vacuumizing to below 10Pa, starting a smelting power supply, and carrying out arc striking.
9. A method according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that after the formation of the stable molten pool, the energy input is kept not less than 5min and then stopped.
10. The method according to claim 4 or 5, further comprising, before the finish washing: repeatedly preparing the master alloy ingot to accumulate the master alloy ingot.
CN202211321876.7A 2022-10-27 2022-10-27 Ti-W-Ta-Nb intermediate alloy and preparation method thereof Active CN115679154B (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN116411198A (en) * 2023-04-24 2023-07-11 承德天大钒业有限责任公司 Method for producing aluminum-silicon intermediate alloy by vapor deposition

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104762527A (en) * 2015-04-14 2015-07-08 咸阳天成钛业有限公司 Ti-Ta interalloy cast ingot and preparation method thereof
CN110408806A (en) * 2019-08-22 2019-11-05 承德天大钒业有限责任公司 A kind of Al-Nb-Ta intermediate alloy and preparation method thereof
CN113881871A (en) * 2021-09-30 2022-01-04 中国航发北京航空材料研究院 Ti-W-Nb intermediate alloy and preparation method thereof

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104762527A (en) * 2015-04-14 2015-07-08 咸阳天成钛业有限公司 Ti-Ta interalloy cast ingot and preparation method thereof
CN110408806A (en) * 2019-08-22 2019-11-05 承德天大钒业有限责任公司 A kind of Al-Nb-Ta intermediate alloy and preparation method thereof
CN113881871A (en) * 2021-09-30 2022-01-04 中国航发北京航空材料研究院 Ti-W-Nb intermediate alloy and preparation method thereof

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN116411198A (en) * 2023-04-24 2023-07-11 承德天大钒业有限责任公司 Method for producing aluminum-silicon intermediate alloy by vapor deposition

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