CN115678280A - Thermal power generation friction power generation material, preparation method thereof and friction power generator - Google Patents
Thermal power generation friction power generation material, preparation method thereof and friction power generator Download PDFInfo
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- CN115678280A CN115678280A CN202211206923.3A CN202211206923A CN115678280A CN 115678280 A CN115678280 A CN 115678280A CN 202211206923 A CN202211206923 A CN 202211206923A CN 115678280 A CN115678280 A CN 115678280A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a thermal power generation friction power generation material and a friction power generator based on the material, wherein the friction power generation material is in a polyhedral structure and comprises metal-coated hollow silica microspheres and polydimethylsiloxane; one part of polydimethylsiloxane is dispersed with the hollow silica microspheres coated with the metal, and the other part of polydimethylsiloxane is cured on the outermost layer of at least one surface of the polyhedral friction power generation material, except the outermost layer. The friction generator can efficiently convert heat energy into electric energy, and the integrated structure can meet the application requirements of the integrated structure in various scenes.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of friction power generation, and particularly relates to a thermal power generation friction power generation material, a preparation method thereof and a friction generator.
Background
Considering that there are a lot of energy sources in the environment where electronic devices work, such as solar energy, wind energy, sound, water flow, friction, etc., if our device unit can collect the energy in the environment to make the device self-powered and can operate and operate continuously, it is the original motivation of the self-powered system proposed by Wangzhining academy in 2006. Meanwhile, self-driven electronic information is also considered as a future development trend. The current research is mainly based on mechanical energy power generation, and the research on thermal energy power generation is less. Therefore, the development of the friction generator for thermal power generation has practical significance in realizing the conversion from heat energy to electric energy in a working environment.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the technical problems, the invention provides a friction power generation material for thermal power generation, a preparation method thereof and a friction power generator.
The specific scheme of the invention is as follows:
the invention aims to provide a thermal power generation friction power generation material which is in a polyhedral structure and comprises hollow silica microspheres and polydimethylsiloxane which are coated by metal; one part of polydimethylsiloxane is dispersed with the hollow silica microspheres coated with the metal, and the other part of polydimethylsiloxane is cured on the outermost layer of at least one surface of the polyhedral friction power generation material, except the outermost layer.
The structure of the metal-coated hollow silica microsphere is a core-shell structure, the hollow silica microsphere is used as a core, and the metal is used as a coating layer.
Preferably, the metal is selected from at least one of nickel, copper, silver.
Preferably, the polyhedron is a cube, a cuboid or a hexagonal prism.
The invention also aims to provide a preparation method of the thermal power generation friction power generation material, which comprises the following steps: s1, heating the metal-coated hollow silica microspheres in a nitrogen atmosphere at 90-110 ℃ for 0.1-2h; s2, uniformly mixing the mixture with polydimethylsiloxane and a curing agent, and pouring the mixture into a mold for curing to obtain a polyhedral composite material; and S3, coating polydimethylsiloxane and a curing agent on other surfaces of the polyhedral composite material except at least one surface, and curing to obtain the polyhedral composite material.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the polydimethylsiloxane to the curing agent in S2 and S3 is 17-40; the mass ratio of the hollow silica microspheres coated with the metal to the sum of the polydimethylsiloxane and the curing agent in the S2 is 5-40; preferably, the curing agent is dibutyl phthalate.
Preferably, the curing temperatures of S2 and S3 are both 60-80 ℃.
Preferably, in S1, the metal-coated hollow silica microspheres are prepared by an electroless plating method.
Preferably, the electroless plating method specifically includes: immersing the hollow silica microspheres into a catalytic solution, drying, immersing into a chemical plating solution, reacting at 60-80 ℃ for 0.5-3h, and drying to obtain the catalyst; the chemical plating solution is at least one of chemical nickel plating solution, chemical copper plating solution and chemical silver plating solution; more preferably, the catalytic solution is selected from at least one of silver ions, palladium ions, and nickel ions.
The invention also provides a friction generator which is of an integrated structure and comprises a positive electrode and a negative electrode; the positive electrode material and the negative electrode material are both the thermal power generation friction power generation material or the thermal power generation friction power generation material prepared by any method; the negative electrode is obtained by fixing a metal plate on the surface of the friction power generation material coated with polydimethylsiloxane and a curing agent; the positive electrode is obtained by fixing a metal plate on the surface of the same friction power generation material, which is not coated with polydimethylsiloxane and the curing agent.
Preferably, the metal plate is a copper plate.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention discloses a thermal power generation friction power generation material, which can be used as a thermal power generation generator material, and the mechanism of converting thermal energy into electric energy is as follows: the hollow microspheres with good closeness can improve the scattering of solid-phase phonons of the shell and convert the scattering into vibration and internal energy (thermal expansion) of the outer metal layer; the expansion coefficient of gas in the hollow silica microspheres is higher than that of the surrounding solid material, when the hollow silica microspheres expand by heating, the hollow silica microspheres can exert a tension effect on polydimethylsiloxane wrapped around the hollow silica microspheres, and the friction between metal of the coating layer and polydimethylsiloxane resin is realized under the elastic recovery effect of the polydimethylsiloxane; the heat is gradually converted into the vibration of the metal layer in the internal transmission process of the friction generator, and further converted into the vibration between the metal layer and the polydimethylsiloxane layer interface due to the elastic modulus difference between the metal layer and the polydimethylsiloxane layer.
In the preparation method, the metal-coated hollow silica microspheres are heated at 90-110 ℃, and then are mixed with polydimethylsiloxane, and the polydimethylsiloxane contacting with the metal layers on the surfaces of the hollow silica microspheres is cured firstly, and the crosslinking degree is higher than that of other places, so that the polydimethylsiloxane resin is tightly coated on the surfaces of the metal-coated hollow silica microspheres, a compressive stress is formed on the surfaces of the metal-coated hollow silica microspheres, and the thermal power generation effect can be amplified.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the friction power generating material, the friction power generator preparation and the performance test in example 1;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a friction power generating material and a friction power generator according to embodiment 1;
Detailed Description
Hereinafter, the technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail by specific examples, but these examples should be explicitly proposed for illustration, but should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
A thermal power generation friction power generation material is of a cuboid structure and comprises hollow silica microspheres coated with nickel and polydimethylsiloxane; one part of polydimethylsiloxane and the hollow silica microspheres coated with nickel are dispersed together, and the other part of polydimethylsiloxane is solidified on the outermost layer of five surfaces of the friction power generation material with the cuboid structure.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
s1, under the protection of nitrogen atmosphere, heating the hollow silica microspheres coated with nickel at 100 ℃ for 2 hours; s2, immediately stirring and uniformly mixing the nickel-coated hollow silica microspheres subjected to the heating treatment, polydimethylsiloxane and a curing agent, pouring the mixture into a cuboid-shaped mold, and curing at 60 ℃ to obtain a cuboid composite material; s3, taking out the cuboid composite material, brushing polydimethylsiloxane and curing agent with the thickness of 0.01cm on 5 surfaces of the cuboid composite material, not brushing the remaining one surface of the cuboid composite material, and curing for 1 hour at 80 ℃ to obtain the composite material;
wherein the curing agent in S2 and S3 is dibutyl phthalate, and the mass ratio of the polydimethylsiloxane to the curing agent is 20:1; the mass ratio of the nickel-coated hollow silica microspheres to (the sum of polydimethylsiloxane and a curing agent) in S2 is 18:1.
the nickel-coated hollow silica microspheres are prepared by adopting an electroless plating method, and specifically comprise the following steps: immersing the hollow silicon dioxide microspheres into 0.1g/L palladium chloride catalytic solution, adjusting the pH value to 2 by adopting hydrochloric acid, filtering, cleaning, drying at 40 ℃, immersing into chemical nickel plating solution, reacting for 1h at 60 ℃, filtering, cleaning and drying to obtain the catalyst.
A friction generator consists of a positive pole and a negative pole; wherein, the negative electrode is obtained by coating a copper plate on the surfaces of the polydimethylsiloxane and the curing agent on the five rectangular friction power generation materials; the positive electrode was obtained by attaching a copper plate to the surface without coating polydimethylsiloxane and a curing agent.
The flow chart of the friction power generation material, the friction power generator preparation and the performance test in the embodiment is shown in fig. 1; the friction power generation material and the friction power generator are shown in figure 2 in a schematic structural view.
Example 2
A thermal power generation friction power generation material is of a cubic structure and comprises hollow silica microspheres coated with copper and polydimethylsiloxane; one part of polydimethylsiloxane and the hollow silica microspheres coated with copper are dispersed together, and the other part of polydimethylsiloxane is cured on the outermost layer of the four surfaces of the friction power generation material with the cubic structure.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
s1, under the protection of nitrogen atmosphere, heating the hollow silicon dioxide microspheres coated with copper at 90 ℃ for 0.1h; s2, immediately stirring the hollow silicon dioxide microspheres coated with copper after the heating treatment, polydimethylsiloxane and a curing agent, uniformly mixing, pouring the mixed material into a cubic mold, and curing at 80 ℃ to obtain a cubic composite material; s3, taking out the cubic composite material, brushing polydimethylsiloxane and a curing agent with the thickness of 0.02cm on 4 surfaces of the cubic composite material, not brushing the rest 2 surfaces of the cubic composite material, and curing for 1 hour at 80 ℃ to obtain the composite material;
wherein, the curing agent in S2 and S3 is dibutyl phthalate, and the mass ratio of the polydimethylsiloxane to the curing agent is 28:1; in S2, the mass ratio of the hollow silica microspheres coated with copper to (the sum of polydimethylsiloxane and a curing agent) is 20:1.
the copper-coated hollow silicon dioxide microspheres are prepared by adopting a chemical plating method and specifically comprise the following steps: immersing the hollow silicon dioxide microspheres into 8g/L silver nitrate catalytic solution, filtering, cleaning, drying at 40 ℃, immersing into chemical copper plating solution, reacting for 0.8h at 63 ℃, filtering, cleaning, airing, and drying at 60 ℃ to obtain the copper-coated hollow silicon dioxide microspheres.
A friction generator consists of a positive pole and a negative pole; the negative electrode is obtained by coating polydimethylsiloxane and curing agent on the surfaces of four cubic friction power generation materials and adhering copper plates to the surfaces of the four cubic friction power generation materials; the positive electrode was obtained by attaching copper plates to both surfaces without coating polydimethylsiloxane and the curing agent.
Example 3
A thermal power generation friction power generation material is of a hexagonal prism structure and comprises copper-coated hollow silica microspheres and polydimethylsiloxane; one part of polydimethylsiloxane and the hollow silica microspheres coated with copper are dispersed together, and the other part of polydimethylsiloxane is cured on the outermost layer of four surfaces of the friction power generation material with the hexagonal prism structure.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
s1, under the protection of nitrogen atmosphere, heating the hollow silicon dioxide microspheres coated with copper at 100 ℃ for 2 hours; s2, immediately stirring the heated copper-coated hollow silica microspheres, polydimethylsiloxane and a curing agent, uniformly mixing, pouring the mixture into a hexagonal prism-shaped mold, and curing at 75 ℃ to obtain a hexagonal prism-shaped composite material; s3, taking out the hexagonal prism-shaped composite material, brushing polydimethylsiloxane and a curing agent with the thickness of 0.08cm on the peripheral surfaces (6 rectangular surfaces) of the hexagonal prism-shaped composite material, not brushing the surfaces of the remaining upper and lower regular hexagons, and curing for 1h at 80 ℃ to obtain the hexagonal prism-shaped composite material;
wherein the curing agent in S2 and S3 is dibutyl phthalate, and the mass ratio of the polydimethylsiloxane to the curing agent is 40:1; the mass ratio of the copper-coated hollow silica microspheres to (the sum of polydimethylsiloxane and a curing agent) is 40:1.
the copper-coated hollow silicon dioxide microspheres are prepared by adopting a chemical plating method, and specifically comprise the following steps: immersing the hollow silicon dioxide microspheres into 10g/L nickel chloride catalytic solution, filtering, cleaning, drying at 40 ℃, immersing into chemical copper plating solution, regulating and controlling the pH of the chemical copper plating solution to be 12 by taking formaldehyde as a reducing agent, reacting for 3 hours at 80 ℃, filtering, cleaning, airing and drying to obtain the copper plating solution.
A friction generator consists of a positive pole and a negative pole; the negative electrode is obtained by adhering copper plates to the surfaces of six polydimethylsiloxane and curing agent brush-coated surfaces of the friction power generation material of the hexagonal prism; the positive electrode was obtained by attaching copper plates to both surfaces without coating polydimethylsiloxane and a curing agent.
The friction generators of examples 1 to 3 were tested for their performance in thermal power generation using the following test methods and results:
the test method comprises the following steps: selecting a temperature-adjustable heater as a heat source, and representing the output voltage of the friction generator by adopting an oscilloscope; the heat source is opposite to the friction generator, the distance between the friction generator and the heat source is 8cm, and the positive and negative leads are connected with an oscilloscope for testing.
Example 1, the output voltage of the triboelectric generator was 1.4, 3.7, 6.2 and 9.7V when the heat source temperature was 60, 80, 100, 120 ℃ (at the triboelectric generator surface stabilization level).
Example 2, the output voltage of the triboelectric generator was 0.2, 0.9, 1.1 and 2.2V when the heat source temperature was 45, 65, 85, 105 ℃ (at the triboelectric generator surface stabilization level).
Example 3, the output voltage of the triboelectric generator was 2.1, 6.2, 8.4 and 11.1V when the heat source temperature was 60, 80, 100, 120 ℃ (at the triboelectric generator surface stabilization level).
The experiments and data show that (1) the friction generator can convert heat energy into electric energy to realize heat energy power generation; (2) When the friction generator is used for thermal power generation, the output voltage is gradually increased along with the rise of the temperature of the heat source.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A thermal power generation friction power generation material is characterized by being in a polyhedral structure and comprising hollow silica microspheres coated with metal and polydimethylsiloxane; one part of polydimethylsiloxane and the hollow silica microspheres coated with the metal are dispersed together, and the other part of polydimethylsiloxane is solidified on the outermost layer of the other surfaces except at least one surface of the friction power generation material with the polyhedral structure.
2. The thermogenic triboelectric power generation material according to claim 1, wherein the metal is selected from at least one of nickel, copper, silver.
3. A thermogenic triboelectric power generating material according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that said polyhedron is a cube, a cuboid or a hexagonal prism.
4. The method for producing a friction power generating material for thermal power generation according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized by comprising the steps of: s1, heating the metal-coated hollow silica microspheres in a nitrogen atmosphere at 90-110 ℃ for 0.1-2h; s2, uniformly mixing the polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane with a curing agent, and pouring the mixture into a mold for curing to obtain a polyhedral composite material; and S3, coating polydimethylsiloxane and a curing agent on other surfaces of the polyhedral composite material except at least one surface, and curing to obtain the polyhedral composite material.
5. The method for preparing a thermal power generation frictional power generation material according to claim 4, wherein the mass ratio of polydimethylsiloxane to the curing agent in each of S2 and S3 is 17 to 40; the mass ratio of the hollow silica microspheres coated with the metal to the sum of the polydimethylsiloxane and the curing agent in the S2 is 5-40; preferably, the curing agent is dibutyl phthalate.
6. The method for producing a thermoelectric power generating frictional power generating material as claimed in claim 4 or 5, wherein the curing temperatures of S2 and S3 are both 60 to 80 ℃.
7. The method for producing a thermal power generation frictional power generation material according to any one of claims 4 to 6, wherein in S1, the metal-coated hollow silica microspheres are produced by an electroless plating method.
8. The method for preparing a thermal power generation frictional power generation material according to claim 7, characterized in that the electroless plating method specifically comprises: immersing the hollow silica microspheres into a catalytic solution, drying, immersing into a chemical plating solution, reacting at 60-80 ℃ for 0.5-3h, and drying to obtain the catalyst; the chemical plating solution is at least one of chemical nickel plating solution, chemical copper plating solution and chemical silver plating solution; preferably, the catalytic solution is selected from at least one of silver ions, palladium ions and nickel ions.
9. A friction generator is characterized in that the friction generator is of an integrated structure and comprises a positive pole and a negative pole; the positive electrode material and the negative electrode material are both the thermal power generation friction power generation material as defined in any one of claims 1 to 3 or the thermal power generation friction power generation material prepared by any one of methods 4 to 8; the negative electrode is obtained by fixing a metal plate on the surface of the friction power generation material coated with polydimethylsiloxane and a curing agent; the positive electrode is obtained by fixing a metal plate to the surface of the same friction power generation material, to which polydimethylsiloxane and a curing agent are not applied.
10. A triboelectric generator according to claim 9, wherein the metal plate is a copper plate.
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103368451A (en) * | 2013-01-28 | 2013-10-23 | 国家纳米科学中心 | Nanometer electric generator utilizing sliding friction |
| CN105099260A (en) * | 2014-04-25 | 2015-11-25 | 北京纳米能源与系统研究所 | Composite power generator based on flowing liquid, power generation method and sensing method |
| KR20170136384A (en) * | 2016-06-01 | 2017-12-11 | 경희대학교 산학협력단 | Triboelectric generator having porous structure and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN108986988A (en) * | 2018-07-20 | 2018-12-11 | 上海交通大学 | A kind of threadiness energy acquisition device and preparation method thereof |
| CN112143038A (en) * | 2020-10-21 | 2020-12-29 | 北京中科纳清科技股份有限公司 | Triboelectric nano material, preparation method thereof and triboelectric composite material |
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Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103368451A (en) * | 2013-01-28 | 2013-10-23 | 国家纳米科学中心 | Nanometer electric generator utilizing sliding friction |
| CN105099260A (en) * | 2014-04-25 | 2015-11-25 | 北京纳米能源与系统研究所 | Composite power generator based on flowing liquid, power generation method and sensing method |
| KR20170136384A (en) * | 2016-06-01 | 2017-12-11 | 경희대학교 산학협력단 | Triboelectric generator having porous structure and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN108986988A (en) * | 2018-07-20 | 2018-12-11 | 上海交通大学 | A kind of threadiness energy acquisition device and preparation method thereof |
| CN112143038A (en) * | 2020-10-21 | 2020-12-29 | 北京中科纳清科技股份有限公司 | Triboelectric nano material, preparation method thereof and triboelectric composite material |
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