CN115677426A - Special fertilizer for improving quality and increasing yield of wheat - Google Patents
Special fertilizer for improving quality and increasing yield of wheat Download PDFInfo
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- CN115677426A CN115677426A CN202211452300.4A CN202211452300A CN115677426A CN 115677426 A CN115677426 A CN 115677426A CN 202211452300 A CN202211452300 A CN 202211452300A CN 115677426 A CN115677426 A CN 115677426A
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- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 57
- 241000209140 Triticum Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 235000021307 Triticum Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 86
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- DLHONNLASJQAHX-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum;potassium;oxygen(2-);silicon(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Si+4].[Si+4].[Si+4].[K+] DLHONNLASJQAHX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000010459 dolomite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 229910000514 dolomite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 235000019738 Limestone Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000006028 limestone Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- DLYUQMMRRRQYAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraphosphorus decaoxide Chemical group O1P(O2)(=O)OP3(=O)OP1(=O)OP2(=O)O3 DLYUQMMRRRQYAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 50
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000012190 activator Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000011265 semifinished product Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 claims description 17
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- CHWRSCGUEQEHOH-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[K+].[K+] CHWRSCGUEQEHOH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910001950 potassium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 210000004127 vitreous body Anatomy 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- MMDJDBSEMBIJBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[NH6+3] Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[NH6+3] MMDJDBSEMBIJBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonia nh3 Chemical compound N.N XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001477 organic nitrogen group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 abstract description 13
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- PAWQVTBBRAZDMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-bromo-2-fluorophenyl)acetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC1=CC=CC(Br)=C1F PAWQVTBBRAZDMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 23
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 13
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 13
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 13
- 238000000498 ball milling Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 11
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000002737 fuel gas Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000011573 trace mineral Substances 0.000 description 5
- 235000013619 trace mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Inorganic materials [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- SWHAQEYMVUEVNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium potassium Chemical compound [Mg].[K] SWHAQEYMVUEVNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002686 phosphate fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000029553 photosynthesis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010672 photosynthesis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940072033 potash Drugs 0.000 description 1
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Substances [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 235000015320 potassium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a preparation method and application of a special fertilizer for improving quality and increasing yield of wheat, belonging to the technical field of preparation methods and application of special fertilizers for improving quality and increasing yield of wheat, and comprising the following preparation steps: step one, crushing and weighing of raw materials: adding the raw materials of potassium feldspar, dolomite and limestone into a jaw crusher for crushing and screening, and weighing a nitrogen source and a phosphorus source; step two, melting the mixture: adding crushed potassium feldspar, dolomite, limestone and an activating agent into a storage tank for mixing, conveying the mixed raw materials into a rotary kiln, introducing hot air into the rotary kiln, generating high temperature by combustion of gas, preheating and partially decomposing ores, then melting at 1450-1550 ℃ to destroy ore lattices, melting into a melt, and conveying into a cooling furnace to form amorphous glass body fine particles; the invention can improve the quality of wheat, increase the yield of wheat, reduce the use amount of chemical fertilizer and improve the soil environment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of special fertilizers for wheat, in particular to a preparation method and application of a special fertilizer for improving quality and increasing yield of wheat.
Background
With the long-term use of the fertilizer, soil is hardened, and serious non-point source pollution is caused due to sunlight evaporation and rainwater leakage. The country has come out of a lot of policies to promote the decrement and the efficiency increase of the fertilizer, and fertilizer enterprises continuously innovate and research new products to try to solve the problem, but have no practical and effective solution all the time. The technology reasonably prepares (pure natural mineral fertilizer plus nitrogen and phosphorus) according to the growth rule and characteristics of wheat crops and achieves the effects of improving soil, increasing yield and quality, losing weight and improving efficiency through repeated large-scale application.
In order to relieve the situation of potassium fertilizer shortage in China, related departments propose a scientific research subject for preparing the potassium fertilizer from insoluble potassium ore by a melt conversion method. The novel potassium-magnesium fertilizer containing multiple elements of potassium, magnesium, silicon and the like is developed by the joint cooperation of geological research institute in Henan province, a stone-saving and chemical hall, province, agriculture and Fangcheng phosphate fertilizer plants and the hard work of several years. The research result passes provincial and regional identification in 1996 and 1997 respectively, the industrial standard of the potash magnesium fertilizer passes the approval and the record of the provincial technical supervision bureau, the production technology belongs to the domestic initiative, and the condition of the advanced technology of demonstration and popularization in China is met through the industrialized trial production.
The existing fertilizer has too single element, only contains nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, and can not completely solve medium trace elements required by the growth of wheat.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention provides a preparation method and application of a special fertilizer for improving quality and increasing yield of wheat, which can improve the quality of wheat, increase the yield of wheat, reduce the using amount of a chemical fertilizer and improve the soil environment.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a preparation method of a special fertilizer for improving the quality and increasing the yield of wheat, which comprises the following preparation steps:
step one, crushing and weighing of raw materials: adding the raw materials of potassium feldspar, dolomite and limestone into a jaw crusher for crushing and screening, and weighing a nitrogen source and a phosphorus source;
step two, melting the mixture: adding crushed potassium feldspar, dolomite, limestone and an activating agent into a storage tank for mixing, conveying the mixed raw materials into a rotary kiln, introducing hot air into the rotary kiln, generating high temperature by combustion of gas, preheating and partially decomposing ores, melting at 1450-1550 ℃ to destroy ore lattices, melting into a melt, conveying into a cooling furnace to form amorphous vitreous granules, and continuously discharging the granules through a discharge port at the bottom of a furnace to enter a semi-finished product storage tank;
step three, grinding: adding the fine particles in the semi-finished product storage tank into a ball mill, and adding a product obtained after fine grinding into the storage tank;
step four, granulation: and adding the product into a granulation device, and proportioning a nitrogen source and a phosphorus source in corresponding proportions after granulation, wherein the proportion of the nitrogen source, the phosphorus source and the potassium source is (2.5-3.1): 1 (2.8-3.4).
As a further improvement of the invention, the nitrogen source is one of ammonium nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, amide nitrogen and organic nitrogen, and the phosphorus source is phosphorus pentoxide.
As a further improvement of the invention, in the second step, the temperature of hot air introduced into the rotary kiln is 300-400 ℃.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the particle size of the amorphous glass body fine particles in the second step is 1 to 3mm.
As a further improvement of the invention, in the first step, the potassium oxide content in the potassium feldspar is more than 13%, the furnace-entering granularity of the potassium feldspar is 20-80 mm, the magnesium oxide content in the dolomite is more than 18%, the furnace-entering granularity of the dolomite is 30-100 mm, and the furnace-entering granularity of the activator is 15-30 mm.
As a further improvement of the invention, the fineness of the powder obtained after the fine grinding in the step three is as follows: 80% pass through a 300 μm standard sieve.
As a further improvement of the invention, the nitrogen source accounts for 15-34% of the special fertilizer, and the phosphorus source accounts for 15-34% of the special fertilizer.
As a further improvement of the invention, the special fertilizer is used for planting wheat, and the dosage of the special fertilizer per mu is 30-40 kg.
In summary, compared with the prior art, the application has at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: improve the quality of wheat, increase the yield of wheat, reduce the use amount of chemical fertilizer and improve the soil environment.
The fertilizer is prepared from pure natural mineral fertilizer (containing no chemical components), potassium oxide (more than or equal to 6%), magnesium oxide (more than or equal to 5%), calcium oxide (more than or equal to 20%) and silicon oxide (more than or equal to 20%), and more than or equal to twenty kinds of nutrient elements such as iron, copper, zinc, molybdenum, manganese, sulfur, boron and the like, wherein the trace elements (citric acid soluble) are contained; the pure nitrogen is more than or equal to 15 percent, and the pure phosphorus is more than or equal to 15 percent, so that the full-element wheat ecological special fertilizer is formed. The effects of increasing production, improving quality, improving soil, reducing weight and improving efficiency are achieved.
The nutrient elements required for the growth and development of wheat include a large amount of elements such as carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, sulfur and the like, and trace elements such as iron, manganese, zinc, chlorine, boron, copper and the like. Wherein a large amount of elements of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen are obtained from air and water through photosynthesis, and account for about 95 percent of the dry matter weight of the wheat; other elements such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and the like are mainly absorbed from soil by root systems and account for less than 5 percent of the weight of the dry matter of the wheat, wherein the content of nitrogen and potassium is respectively more than 1 percent, the content of phosphorus, calcium, magnesium and sulfur is respectively more than 0.1 percent, and the content of trace elements is respectively more than 6 mg/kg. A large number of research analyses indicate that the total absorption of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium is increased correspondingly with the increase of the yield level. For every 100 kg of wheat grains, about 3 +/-0.9 kg of pure nitrogen and pure phosphorus (P) are needed 2 O 5 ) 1.1 + -0_2 kg, pure potassium (K) 2 O) 3.3 ± 0.6 kg, the ratio of the three being about 2.8. However, as the yield level increases, the relative absorption of nitrogen decreases, the relative absorption of potassium increases, and the relative absorption of phosphorus becomes substantially constant. With the increase of the accumulation amount of dry substances in the growth process of wheat, the total absorption amount of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium is correspondingly increased.
The invention can improve the quality of wheat, reduce land pollution and achieve the purpose of losing weight and improving efficiency by more than 50 percent, and the national current policy requirement is 5 percent and contains all elements required by wheat.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention. It is to be understood that the embodiments described are only a few embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the described embodiments of the invention, are within the scope of the invention.
Example one
Selecting potassium feldspar with potassium oxide content of more than 13%, dolomite with magnesium oxide content of more than 18% and limestone with calcium content of more than 20% as raw materials, adding the raw materials into a jaw crusher for crushing to obtain 20-80 mm potassium feldspar and 30-100 mm potassium feldspar, and preparing an activating agent into 15-30 mm particles, wherein the activating agent is selected from the existing mineral activating agents in the market;
conveying the raw materials into a rotary kiln, introducing hot air with the temperature of 350 ℃ into the rotary kiln, burning fuel gas to preheat the raw materials, performing pre-decomposition on raw material ores, and then heating the rotary kiln to 1500 ℃ to melt the raw material ores;
transferring the melted ore raw material to a cooling furnace for cooling to form amorphous glass body fine particles with the particle size of 2 mm;
adding 2mm of amorphous vitreous body fine particles into a ball mill for ball milling to obtain a powdery semi-finished product with fineness capable of passing through a 300-micron standard sieve;
adding the powdery semi-finished product into granulation equipment to obtain a granular finished product;
weighing corresponding ammonium nitrate and phosphorus pentoxide according to the proportion, wherein the proportion of the ammonium nitrate, the phosphorus pentoxide and the granular finished product is (15);
and obtaining the corresponding fertilizer after the proportioning is finished.
Example two
Selecting potassium feldspar with potassium oxide content larger than 13%, dolomite with magnesium oxide content larger than 18% and limestone with calcium content larger than 20% as raw materials, adding the raw materials into a jaw crusher for crushing to obtain 20-80 mm potassium feldspar and 30-100 mm potassium feldspar, preparing an activator into particles of 15-30 mm, wherein the activator is the existing mineral activator in the market;
conveying the raw materials into a rotary kiln, introducing hot air with the temperature of 350 ℃ into the rotary kiln, burning fuel gas to preheat the raw materials, performing pre-decomposition on raw material ores, and then heating the rotary kiln to 1500 ℃ to melt the raw material ores;
transferring the melted ore raw material to a cooling furnace for cooling to form amorphous glass body fine particles with the particle size of 2 mm;
adding 2mm of amorphous vitreous body fine particles into a ball mill for ball milling to obtain a powdery semi-finished product with fineness capable of passing through a 300-micron standard sieve;
adding the powdery semi-finished product into granulation equipment to obtain a granular finished product;
weighing corresponding ammonium nitrate and phosphorus pentoxide according to a proportion, wherein the proportion of the ammonium nitrate, the phosphorus pentoxide and the granular finished product is 16;
and obtaining the corresponding fertilizer after the proportioning is finished.
EXAMPLE III
Selecting potassium feldspar with potassium oxide content larger than 13%, dolomite with magnesium oxide content larger than 18% and limestone with calcium content larger than 20% as raw materials, adding the raw materials into a jaw crusher for crushing to obtain 20-80 mm potassium feldspar and 30-100 mm potassium feldspar, preparing an activator into particles of 15-30 mm, wherein the activator is the existing mineral activator in the market;
conveying the raw materials into a rotary kiln, introducing hot air with the temperature of 350 ℃ into the rotary kiln, burning fuel gas to preheat the raw materials, performing pre-decomposition on raw material ores, and then heating the rotary kiln to 1500 ℃ to melt the raw material ores;
transferring the melted ore raw material to a cooling furnace for cooling to form amorphous glass body fine particles with the particle size of 2 mm;
adding 2mm of amorphous vitreous body fine particles into a ball mill for ball milling to obtain a powdery semi-finished product with fineness capable of passing through a 300-micron standard sieve;
adding the powdery semi-finished product into granulation equipment to obtain a granular finished product;
weighing corresponding ammonium nitrate and phosphorus pentoxide according to a proportion, wherein the proportion of the ammonium nitrate, the phosphorus pentoxide and the granular finished product is 15;
and obtaining the corresponding fertilizer after the proportioning is finished.
Example four
Selecting potassium feldspar with potassium oxide content larger than 13%, dolomite with magnesium oxide content larger than 18% and limestone with calcium content larger than 20% as raw materials, adding the raw materials into a jaw crusher for crushing to obtain 20-80 mm potassium feldspar and 30-100 mm potassium feldspar, preparing an activator into particles of 15-30 mm, wherein the activator is the existing mineral activator in the market;
conveying the raw materials into a rotary kiln, introducing hot air with the temperature of 350 ℃ into the rotary kiln, burning fuel gas to preheat the raw materials, performing pre-decomposition on raw material ores, and then heating the rotary kiln to 1500 ℃ to melt the raw material ores;
transferring the melted ore raw material to a cooling furnace for cooling to form amorphous glass body fine particles with the particle size of 2 mm;
adding 2mm of amorphous vitreous body fine particles into a ball mill for ball milling to obtain a powdery semi-finished product with fineness capable of passing through a 300-micron standard sieve;
adding the powdery semi-finished product into granulation equipment to obtain a granular finished product;
weighing corresponding ammonium nitrate and phosphorus pentoxide according to a proportion, wherein the proportion of the ammonium nitrate, the phosphorus pentoxide and the granular finished product is 20;
and obtaining the corresponding fertilizer after the proportioning is finished.
The following data were obtained by comparing the blank land with trace elements in the land on which the fertilizers of the examples were applied and planting wheat on the land, observing the wheat yield in comparison with that of the blank land, and comparing by changing the ratio of ammonium nitrate, phosphorus pentoxide and granular finished product:
| increase in element content | Synergistic effect of wheat | |
| Example one | 46％ | 50％ |
| Example two | 38％ | 42％ |
| EXAMPLE III | 36％ | 39％ |
| Example four | 40％ | 45％ |
EXAMPLE five
Selecting potassium feldspar with potassium oxide content of more than 13%, dolomite with magnesium oxide content of more than 18% and limestone with calcium content of more than 20% as raw materials, adding the raw materials into a jaw crusher for crushing to obtain 20-80 mm potassium feldspar and 30-100 mm potassium feldspar, and preparing an activating agent into 15-30 mm particles, wherein the activating agent is selected from the existing mineral activating agents in the market;
conveying the raw materials into a rotary kiln, introducing hot air with the temperature of 300 ℃ into the rotary kiln, burning gas to preheat the raw materials, performing pre-decomposition on raw material ores, and then heating the rotary kiln to 1450 ℃ to melt the raw material ores;
transferring the melted ore raw material into a cooling furnace for cooling to form amorphous glass body fine particles with the particle size of 2 mm;
adding 2mm of amorphous vitreous body fine particles into a ball mill for ball milling to obtain a powdery semi-finished product with fineness capable of passing through a 300-micron standard sieve;
adding the powdery semi-finished product into granulation equipment to obtain a granular finished product;
weighing corresponding ammonium nitrate and phosphorus pentoxide according to the proportion, wherein the proportion of the ammonium nitrate, the phosphorus pentoxide and the granular finished product is 15:25:60, adding a solvent to the mixture;
and obtaining the corresponding fertilizer after the proportioning is finished.
EXAMPLE six
Selecting potassium feldspar with potassium oxide content larger than 13%, dolomite with magnesium oxide content larger than 18% and limestone with calcium content larger than 20% as raw materials, adding the raw materials into a jaw crusher for crushing to obtain 20-80 mm potassium feldspar and 30-100 mm potassium feldspar, preparing an activator into particles of 15-30 mm, wherein the activator is the existing mineral activator in the market;
conveying the raw materials into a rotary kiln, introducing hot air with the temperature of 400 ℃ into the rotary kiln, burning gas to preheat the raw materials, performing pre-decomposition on raw material ores, and then heating the rotary kiln to 1550 ℃ to melt the raw material ores;
transferring the melted ore raw material to a cooling furnace for cooling to form amorphous glass body fine particles with the particle size of 2 mm;
adding 2mm of amorphous vitreous body fine particles into a ball mill for ball milling to obtain a powdery semi-finished product with fineness capable of passing through a 300-micron standard sieve;
adding the powdery semi-finished product into granulation equipment to obtain a granular finished product;
weighing corresponding ammonium nitrate and phosphorus pentoxide according to the proportion, wherein the proportion of the ammonium nitrate, the phosphorus pentoxide and the granular finished product is (15);
and obtaining the corresponding fertilizer after the proportioning is finished.
EXAMPLE seven
Selecting potassium feldspar with potassium oxide content of more than 13%, dolomite with magnesium oxide content of more than 18% and limestone with calcium content of more than 20% as raw materials, adding the raw materials into a jaw crusher for crushing to obtain 20-80 mm potassium feldspar and 30-100 mm potassium feldspar, and preparing an activating agent into 15-30 mm particles, wherein the activating agent is selected from the existing mineral activating agents in the market;
conveying the raw materials into a rotary kiln, introducing hot air with the temperature of 325 ℃ into the rotary kiln, burning fuel gas to preheat the raw materials, performing pre-decomposition on raw material ores, and then heating the rotary kiln to 1475 ℃ to melt the raw material ores;
transferring the melted ore raw material into a cooling furnace for cooling to form amorphous glass body fine particles with the particle size of 2 mm;
adding 2mm of amorphous vitreous body fine particles into a ball mill for ball milling to obtain a powdery semi-finished product with fineness capable of passing through a 300-micron standard sieve;
adding the powdery semi-finished product into granulation equipment to obtain a granular finished product;
weighing corresponding ammonium nitrate and phosphorus pentoxide according to a proportion, wherein the proportion of the ammonium nitrate, the phosphorus pentoxide and the granular finished product is 15;
and obtaining the corresponding fertilizer after the proportioning is finished.
| Increase in element content | Synergistic effect of wheat | |
| Example one | 46％ | 50％ |
| EXAMPLE five | 23％ | 25％ |
| EXAMPLE six | 31％ | 34％ |
| EXAMPLE seven | 40％ | 44％ |
Comparative example 1
Selecting potassium feldspar with potassium oxide content larger than 13%, dolomite with magnesium oxide content larger than 18% and limestone with calcium content larger than 20% as raw materials, adding the raw materials into a jaw crusher for crushing to obtain 20-80 mm potassium feldspar and 30-100 mm potassium feldspar, preparing an activator into particles of 15-30 mm, wherein the activator is the existing mineral activator in the market;
conveying the raw materials into a rotary kiln, introducing hot air with the temperature of 350 ℃ into the rotary kiln, burning fuel gas to preheat the raw materials, performing pre-decomposition on raw material ores, and then heating the rotary kiln to 1500 ℃ to melt the raw material ores;
transferring the melted ore raw material to a cooling furnace for cooling to form amorphous glass body fine particles with the particle size of 2 mm;
adding 2mm of amorphous vitreous body fine particles into a ball mill for ball milling to obtain a powdery semi-finished product with fineness capable of passing through a 300-micron standard sieve;
adding the powdery semi-finished product into granulation equipment to obtain a granular finished product;
weighing corresponding ammonium nitrate and phosphorus pentoxide according to a ratio, wherein the ratio of the ammonium nitrate to the phosphorus pentoxide to the granular finished product is 10: 20: 70;
and obtaining the corresponding fertilizer after the proportioning is finished.
Comparative example No. two
Selecting potassium feldspar with potassium oxide content larger than 13%, dolomite with magnesium oxide content larger than 18% and limestone with calcium content larger than 20% as raw materials, adding the raw materials into a jaw crusher for crushing to obtain 20-80 mm potassium feldspar and 30-100 mm potassium feldspar, preparing an activator into particles of 15-30 mm, wherein the activator is the existing mineral activator in the market;
conveying the raw materials into a rotary kiln, introducing hot air with the temperature of 350 ℃ into the rotary kiln, burning gas to preheat the raw materials, performing pre-decomposition on raw material ores, and then heating the rotary kiln to 1500 ℃ to melt the raw material ores;
transferring the melted ore raw material to a cooling furnace for cooling to form amorphous glass body fine particles with the particle size of 2 mm;
adding 2mm of amorphous vitreous body fine particles into a ball mill for ball milling to obtain a powdery semi-finished product with fineness capable of passing through a 300-micron standard sieve;
adding the powdery semi-finished product into granulation equipment to obtain a granular finished product;
weighing corresponding ammonium nitrate and phosphorus pentoxide according to a proportion, wherein the proportion of the ammonium nitrate, the phosphorus pentoxide and the granular finished product is 5;
and obtaining the corresponding fertilizer after the proportioning is finished.
Comparative example No. three
Selecting potassium feldspar with potassium oxide content larger than 13%, dolomite with magnesium oxide content larger than 18% and limestone with calcium content larger than 20% as raw materials, adding the raw materials into a jaw crusher for crushing to obtain 20-80 mm potassium feldspar and 30-100 mm potassium feldspar, preparing an activator into particles of 15-30 mm, wherein the activator is the existing mineral activator in the market;
conveying the raw materials into a rotary kiln, introducing hot air with the temperature of 350 ℃ into the rotary kiln, burning fuel gas to preheat the raw materials, performing pre-decomposition on raw material ores, and then heating the rotary kiln to 1500 ℃ to melt the raw material ores;
transferring the melted ore raw material to a cooling furnace for cooling to form amorphous glass body fine particles with the particle size of 2 mm;
adding 2mm of amorphous vitreous body fine particles into a ball mill for ball milling to obtain a powdery semi-finished product with fineness capable of passing through a 300-micron standard sieve;
adding the powdery semi-finished product into granulation equipment to obtain a granular finished product;
weighing corresponding ammonium nitrate and phosphorus pentoxide according to a proportion, wherein the proportion of the ammonium nitrate, the phosphorus pentoxide and the granular finished product is 20;
and obtaining the corresponding fertilizer after the proportioning is finished.
Comparative example No. four
Selecting potassium feldspar with potassium oxide content larger than 13%, dolomite with magnesium oxide content larger than 18% and limestone with calcium content larger than 20% as raw materials, adding the raw materials into a jaw crusher for crushing to obtain 20-80 mm potassium feldspar and 30-100 mm potassium feldspar, preparing an activator into particles of 15-30 mm, wherein the activator is the existing mineral activator in the market;
conveying the raw materials into a rotary kiln, introducing hot air with the temperature of 350 ℃ into the rotary kiln, burning gas to preheat the raw materials, performing pre-decomposition on raw material ores, and then heating the rotary kiln to 1500 ℃ to melt the raw material ores;
transferring the melted ore raw material to a cooling furnace for cooling to form amorphous glass body fine particles with the particle size of 2 mm;
adding 2mm of amorphous vitreous body fine particles into a ball mill for ball milling to obtain a powdery semi-finished product with fineness capable of passing through a 300-micron standard sieve;
adding the powdery semi-finished product into granulation equipment to obtain a granular finished product;
weighing corresponding ammonium nitrate and phosphorus pentoxide according to a proportion, wherein the proportion of the ammonium nitrate, the phosphorus pentoxide and the granular finished product is 25;
and obtaining the corresponding fertilizer after the proportioning is finished.
| Increase in element content | Synergistic effect of wheat | |
| Example one | 46％ | 50％ |
| Comparative example 1 | 39％ | 37％ |
| Comparative example No. two | 31％ | 36％ |
| Comparative example No. three | 35％ | 12％ |
| Comparative example No. four | 20％ | 7％ |
The above table.
While the foregoing is directed to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (8)
1. A preparation method of a special fertilizer for improving quality and increasing yield of wheat is characterized by comprising the following preparation steps:
step one, crushing and weighing of raw materials: adding raw materials of potassium feldspar, dolomite and limestone into a jaw crusher for crushing and screening, and weighing a nitrogen source and a phosphorus source;
step two, melting the mixture: adding crushed potassium feldspar, dolomite, limestone and an activating agent into a storage tank for mixing, conveying the mixed raw materials into a rotary kiln, introducing hot air into the rotary kiln, generating high temperature by combustion of gas, preheating and partially decomposing ores, melting at 1450-1550 ℃ to destroy ore lattices, melting into a melt, conveying into a cooling furnace to form amorphous vitreous granules, and continuously discharging the granules through a discharge port at the bottom of a furnace to enter a semi-finished product storage tank;
step three, grinding: adding the fine particles in the semi-finished product storage tank into a ball mill, and adding a product obtained after fine grinding into the storage tank;
step four, granulation: and adding the product into a granulation device, and proportioning a nitrogen source and a phosphorus source in corresponding proportions after granulation, wherein the proportion of the nitrogen source, the phosphorus source and the potassium source is (2.5-3.1): 1 (2.8-3.4).
2. The preparation method of the special fertilizer for improving quality and increasing yield of wheat as claimed in claim 1, wherein the fertilizer comprises the following components: the nitrogen source is one of ammonium nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, amide nitrogen and organic nitrogen, and the phosphorus source is phosphorus pentoxide.
3. The preparation method of the special fertilizer for improving quality and increasing yield of wheat as claimed in claim 1, wherein the fertilizer comprises the following components: and in the second step, the temperature of hot air introduced into the rotary kiln is 300-400 ℃.
4. The preparation method of the special fertilizer for improving quality and increasing yield of wheat as claimed in claim 1, wherein the fertilizer comprises the following components: and in the second step, the particle size of the amorphous vitreous body fine particles is 1-3mm.
5. The preparation method of the special fertilizer for improving quality and increasing yield of wheat as claimed in claim 1, wherein the fertilizer comprises the following components: in the first step, the potassium feldspar has the potassium oxide content of more than 13%, the potassium feldspar has the charging granularity of 20-80mm, the dolomite has the magnesium oxide content of more than 18%, the dolomite has the charging granularity of 30-100mm, and the activator has the charging granularity of 15-30mm.
6. The preparation method of the special fertilizer for improving quality and increasing yield of wheat as claimed in claim 1, wherein the fertilizer comprises the following components: the fineness of the powder obtained after the fine grinding in the third step is as follows: 80% pass through a 300 μm standard sieve.
7. The preparation method of the special fertilizer for improving quality and increasing yield of wheat as claimed in claim 1, wherein the fertilizer comprises the following components: the nitrogen source accounts for 15-34% of the special fertilizer, and the phosphorus source accounts for 15-34% of the special fertilizer.
8. The use of the special fertilizer for improving quality and increasing yield of wheat as claimed in any one of claims 1-7, wherein: the special fertilizer is used for planting wheat, and the using amount of the special fertilizer per mu is 30 to 40kg.
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