CN115677409A - A kind of high-nitrogen compound fertilizer and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of high-nitrogen compound fertilizer and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 99
- 229910017464 nitrogen compound Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 69
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 68
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 67
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia chloride Chemical compound [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[K+] WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000019270 ammonium chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000011007 phosphoric acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000001103 potassium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000011164 potassium chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 32
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 16
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 12
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000002830 nitrogen compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- AFCARXCZXQIEQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-[3-oxo-3-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)propyl]-2-[[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]methylamino]pyrimidine-5-carboxamide Chemical compound O=C(CCNC(=O)C=1C=NC(=NC=1)NCC1=CC(=CC=C1)OC(F)(F)F)N1CC2=C(CC1)NN=N2 AFCARXCZXQIEQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012271 agricultural production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229930002875 chlorophyll Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 235000019804 chlorophyll Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- ATNHDLDRLWWWCB-AENOIHSZSA-M chlorophyll a Chemical compound C1([C@@H](C(=O)OC)C(=O)C2=C3C)=C2N2C3=CC(C(CC)=C3C)=[N+]4C3=CC3=C(C=C)C(C)=C5N3[Mg-2]42[N+]2=C1[C@@H](CCC(=O)OC\C=C(/C)CCC[C@H](C)CCC[C@H](C)CCCC(C)C)[C@H](C)C2=C5 ATNHDLDRLWWWCB-AENOIHSZSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N diammonium hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].OP([O-])([O-])=O MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000029553 photosynthesis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010672 photosynthesis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种高氮复合肥及其制备方法。该种高氮复合肥的制备方法包括以下步骤：(1)按比例将常规复合肥混合，得到第一物料；(2)利用尿素对所述第一物料进行一次包覆，得到一次包覆的复合肥；(3)利用包膜油对所述一次包覆的复合肥进行二次包覆，得到所述高氮复合肥。本发明首先利用尿素对常规复合肥进行一次包覆，使得生产出的复合肥料中含氮量在28％‑30％之间，大大提高了复合肥的品质；进一步在其表面以包膜油进行二次包覆形成双层膜结构的复合肥，防止复合肥颗粒粘连、结块，同时避免尿素因受温度、湿度等环境因素而发生分解，保证了复合肥具有稳定的高氮含量。The invention discloses a high-nitrogen compound fertilizer and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method of this high-nitrogen compound fertilizer comprises the following steps: (1) mixing conventional compound fertilizers in proportion to obtain a first material; (2) using urea to coat the first material once to obtain a first-time coated compound fertilizer; (3) performing secondary coating on the first-coated compound fertilizer with coating oil to obtain the high-nitrogen compound fertilizer. The present invention first uses urea to coat the conventional compound fertilizer once, so that the nitrogen content in the produced compound fertilizer is between 28% and 30%, which greatly improves the quality of the compound fertilizer; Secondary coating to form a compound fertilizer with a double-layer film structure prevents the compound fertilizer particles from sticking and agglomerating, and at the same time prevents urea from decomposing due to environmental factors such as temperature and humidity, ensuring that the compound fertilizer has a stable high nitrogen content.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明属于肥料技术领域，尤其涉及一种高氮复合肥及其制备方法。The invention belongs to the technical field of fertilizers, in particular to a high-nitrogen compound fertilizer and a preparation method thereof.
背景技术Background technique
在农业生产中广泛使用着各种复合肥料，氮是复合肥料中主要元素之一，氮元素对作物生长起着非常重要的作用，它是植物体内氨基酸的组成部分、是构成蛋白质的成分，也是植物进行光合作用起决定作用的叶绿素的组成部分。氮还能帮助作物分殖。施用含氮的肥料不仅能提高农产品的产量，还能提高农产品的质量。因此，保证复合肥料中氮元素的含量具有非常重要的意义。实践证明，复合肥料中氮的含量在26-30％之间为最佳。但是，由于尿素的分解温度低、溶解度高，且对水分、温度十分敏感，现有的复合肥料中氮元素的含量偏低，在复合肥料的生产过程中，保证氮元素的含量在26-30％之间成为复合肥料生产中的一大技术难题。Various compound fertilizers are widely used in agricultural production. Nitrogen is one of the main elements in compound fertilizers. Nitrogen plays a very important role in crop growth. It is a component of amino acids in plants and a component of protein. A component of chlorophyll that plays a decisive role in photosynthesis of plants. Nitrogen also helps crops disperse. Applying nitrogen-containing fertilizers can not only increase the yield of agricultural products, but also improve the quality of agricultural products. Therefore, it is of great significance to ensure the content of nitrogen in compound fertilizers. Practice has proved that the nitrogen content in compound fertilizers is the best between 26-30%. However, because urea has a low decomposition temperature, high solubility, and is very sensitive to moisture and temperature, the nitrogen content in existing compound fertilizers is low. % has become a major technical problem in the production of compound fertilizers.
目前为了提高复合肥的氮含量，通常是往复合肥颗粒中加入较大比例的含氮物，如磷酸氢铵等，但所形成的的复合肥含氮量仍然不高，不足20％。At present, in order to increase the nitrogen content of compound fertilizers, a large proportion of nitrogen-containing substances, such as ammonium hydrogen phosphate, etc. are usually added to the compound fertilizer particles, but the nitrogen content of the formed compound fertilizers is still not high, less than 20%.
发明内容Contents of the invention
针对现有技术的不足，本发明的目的在于提供一种高氮复合肥及其制备方法，本发明制备的复合肥含氮量稳定在28％-30％之间，大大提高了复合肥的品质。Aiming at the deficiencies of the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a high-nitrogen compound fertilizer and its preparation method. The nitrogen content of the compound fertilizer prepared by the present invention is stable between 28% and 30%, which greatly improves the quality of the compound fertilizer .
为实现上述目的，本发明通过如下技术方案实现：To achieve the above object, the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
一种高氮复合肥的制备方法，包括以下步骤：A preparation method of high-nitrogen compound fertilizer, comprising the following steps:
(1)按比例将常规复合肥混合，得到第一物料；(1) mixing conventional compound fertilizers in proportion to obtain the first material;
(2)利用尿素对所述第一物料进行一次包覆，得到一次包覆的复合肥；(2) Utilizing urea to coat the first material once to obtain a first-time coated compound fertilizer;
(3)利用包膜油对所述一次包覆的复合肥进行二次包覆，得到所述高氮复合肥。(3) Coating the once-coated compound fertilizer with coating oil to obtain the high-nitrogen compound fertilizer.
优选的，步骤(1)所述常规复合肥包括氯化钾、氯化铵和磷酸。Preferably, the conventional compound fertilizer described in step (1) includes potassium chloride, ammonium chloride and phosphoric acid.
优选的，所述氯化钾、氯化铵、磷酸的质量比为(9-11)：(8-10)：(15-17)。Preferably, the mass ratio of potassium chloride, ammonium chloride and phosphoric acid is (9-11):(8-10):(15-17).
优选的，步骤(2)所述尿素与第一物料的质量比为145kg：1t。Preferably, the mass ratio of urea to the first material in step (2) is 145kg:1t.
优选的，步骤(2)所述一次包覆的方法为：将所述第一物料加入第一包膜机，随后将所述尿素加热熔融后泵入第一包膜机中，通过第一包膜机转动使得第一物料表面包覆尿素。Preferably, the primary coating method in step (2) is: adding the first material into the first coating machine, then pumping the urea into the first coating machine after heating and melting, and passing through the first coating machine. The membrane machine rotates so that the surface of the first material is coated with urea.
优选的，所述加热熔融的温度为130-140℃。Preferably, the heating and melting temperature is 130-140°C.
优选的，步骤(3)所述包膜油占所述一次包覆的复合肥重量的10％-15％。Preferably, the coated oil in step (3) accounts for 10%-15% of the weight of the primary coated compound fertilizer.
优选的，步骤(3)所述二次包覆的方法为：将一次包覆的复合肥导入第二包膜机，然后向第二包膜机中泵入包膜油，通过第二包膜机转动使得一次包覆的复合肥表面包覆包膜油。Preferably, the method of secondary coating described in step (3) is: import the compound fertilizer of primary coating into the second coating machine, then pump into the coating oil in the second coating machine, pass through the second coating The machine rotates so that the surface of the once-coated compound fertilizer is coated with coating oil.
优选的，步骤(3)进行二次包覆前还包括将所述一次包覆的复合肥送入冷却桶中进行冷却。Preferably, the step (3) further includes sending the primary-coated compound fertilizer into a cooling barrel for cooling before performing the secondary coating.
一种由上述高氮复合肥的制备方法制备得到的高氮复合肥。A high-nitrogen compound fertilizer prepared by the above-mentioned preparation method of high-nitrogen compound fertilizer.
本发明的有益效果是：The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
本发明首先利用尿素对常规复合肥进行一次包覆，使得生产出的复合肥料中含氮量在28％-30％之间，大大提高了复合肥的品质；进一步在其表面以包膜油进行二次包覆，形成双层结构的复合肥，防止复合肥颗粒粘连、结块，同时避免尿素因受温度、湿度等环境因素而发生分解，保证了复合肥具有稳定的高氮含量。The present invention first uses urea to coat the conventional compound fertilizer once, so that the nitrogen content in the produced compound fertilizer is between 28% and 30%, which greatly improves the quality of the compound fertilizer; The secondary coating forms a double-layered compound fertilizer to prevent the compound fertilizer particles from sticking and agglomerating, and at the same time avoids the decomposition of urea due to environmental factors such as temperature and humidity, ensuring that the compound fertilizer has a stable high nitrogen content.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面将结合本发明实施例，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，均属于本发明保护的范围。The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention. Apparently, the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
实施例1Example 1
一种高氮复合肥的制备方法，包括以下步骤：A preparation method of high-nitrogen compound fertilizer, comprising the following steps:
(1)按9:8:15的质量比称取氯化钾、氯化铵和磷酸共1t，倒入第一包膜机(圆筒形、能够转动)中；(1) take potassium chloride, ammonium chloride and phosphoric acid altogether 1t by the mass ratio of 9:8:15, pour in the first coating machine (cylindrical, can rotate);
(2)将145kg尿素加入到尿素槽内，并加热到140℃，使得尿素融化成液体，将液体的尿素泵入到第一包膜机中，随第一包膜机的转动将液态的尿素覆盖包裹在复合肥颗粒的外表面，得到一次包覆的复合肥；(2) Add 145kg of urea into the urea tank, and heat it to 140°C to make the urea melt into a liquid, pump the liquid urea into the first coating machine, and with the rotation of the first coating machine, the liquid urea Covering and wrapping on the outer surface of the compound fertilizer granules to obtain a once-coated compound fertilizer;
(3)将一次包覆的复合肥导出后送入冷却筒中(冷却筒的内壁上具有L字形的抄板，能够加速冷却)，使用风机将一次包覆的复合肥进行冷却，并将冷却后的物料导入到第二包膜机中；(3) Export the once-coated compound fertilizer and send it into the cooling cylinder (the inner wall of the cooling cylinder has an L-shaped lifting plate, which can accelerate cooling), and use a fan to cool the once-coated compound fertilizer. The materials are imported into the second coating machine;
(4)将油仓内占一次包覆的复合肥重量15％的包膜油泵入到第二包膜机中，使得包膜油随第二包膜机的转动覆盖在一次包覆的复合肥颗粒表面，得到高氮复合肥。(4) Pump the coating oil that accounts for 15% of the weight of the compound fertilizer once coated in the oil tank into the second coating machine, so that the coating oil covers the compound fertilizer once coated with the rotation of the second coating machine Granular surface, get high nitrogen compound fertilizer.
实施例2Example 2
一种高氮复合肥的制备方法，包括以下步骤：A preparation method of high-nitrogen compound fertilizer, comprising the following steps:
(1)按11:8:17的质量比称取氯化钾、氯化铵和磷酸共1t，倒入第一包膜机(圆筒形、能够转动)中；(1) take by weighing potassium chloride, ammonium chloride and phosphoric acid altogether 1t by the mass ratio of 11:8:17, pour in the first coating machine (cylindrical, can rotate);
(2)将145kg尿素加入到尿素槽内，并加热到130℃，使得尿素融化成液体，将液体的尿素泵入到第一包膜机中，随第一包膜机的转动将液态的尿素覆盖包裹在复合肥颗粒的外表面，得到一次包覆的复合肥；(2) Add 145kg of urea into the urea tank, and heat it to 130°C to make the urea melt into a liquid, pump the liquid urea into the first coating machine, and with the rotation of the first coating machine, the liquid urea Covering and wrapping on the outer surface of the compound fertilizer granules to obtain a once-coated compound fertilizer;
(3)将一次包覆的复合肥导出后送入冷却筒中(冷却筒的内壁上具有L字形的抄板，能够加速冷却)，使用风机将一次包覆的复合肥进行冷却，并将冷却后的物料导入到第二包膜机中；(3) Export the once-coated compound fertilizer and send it into the cooling cylinder (the inner wall of the cooling cylinder has an L-shaped lifting plate, which can accelerate cooling), and use a fan to cool the once-coated compound fertilizer. The materials are imported into the second coating machine;
(4)将油仓内占一次包覆的复合肥重量12％的包膜油泵入到第二包膜机中，使得包膜油随第二包膜机的转动覆盖在一次包覆的复合肥颗粒表面，得到高氮复合肥。(4) Pump the coating oil that accounts for 12% of the weight of the compound fertilizer once coated in the oil tank into the second coating machine, so that the coating oil covers the compound fertilizer once coated with the rotation of the second coating machine Granular surface, get high nitrogen compound fertilizer.
实施例3Example 3
一种高氮复合肥的制备方法，包括以下步骤：A preparation method of high-nitrogen compound fertilizer, comprising the following steps:
(1)按10:9:15的质量比称取氯化钾、氯化铵和磷酸共1t，倒入第一包膜机中；(1) take by weighing potassium chloride, ammonium chloride and phosphoric acid altogether 1t by the mass ratio of 10:9:15, pour in the first coating machine;
(2)将145kg尿素加入到尿素槽内，并加热到140℃，使得尿素融化成液体，将液体的尿素泵入到第一包膜机中，随第一包膜机的转动将液态的尿素覆盖包裹在复合肥颗粒的外表面，得到一次包覆的复合肥；(2) Add 145kg of urea into the urea tank, and heat it to 140°C to make the urea melt into a liquid, pump the liquid urea into the first coating machine, and with the rotation of the first coating machine, the liquid urea Covering and wrapping on the outer surface of the compound fertilizer granules to obtain a once-coated compound fertilizer;
(3)将一次包覆的复合肥导出后送入冷却筒中(冷却筒的内壁上具有L字形的抄板，能够加速冷却)，使用风机将一次包覆的复合肥进行冷却，并将冷却后的物料导入到第二包膜机中；(3) Export the once-coated compound fertilizer and send it into the cooling cylinder (the inner wall of the cooling cylinder has an L-shaped lifting plate, which can accelerate cooling), and use a fan to cool the once-coated compound fertilizer. The materials are imported into the second coating machine;
(4)将油仓内占一次包覆的复合肥重量10％的包膜油泵入到第二包膜机中，使得包膜油随第二包膜机的转动覆盖在一次包覆的复合肥颗粒表面，得到高氮复合肥。(4) Pump the coating oil that accounts for 10% of the weight of the compound fertilizer coated once in the oil tank into the second coating machine, so that the coating oil covers the compound fertilizer coated once with the rotation of the second coating machine Granular surface, get high nitrogen compound fertilizer.
对比例1Comparative example 1
一种复合肥的制备方法，包括以下步骤：A preparation method of compound fertilizer, comprising the following steps:
(1)按9:8:15的质量比称取氯化钾、氯化铵和磷酸共1t，倒入第一包膜机(圆筒形、能够转动)中；(1) take potassium chloride, ammonium chloride and phosphoric acid altogether 1t by the mass ratio of 9:8:15, pour in the first coating machine (cylindrical, can rotate);
(2)将145kg尿素加入到尿素槽内，并加热到140℃，使得尿素融化成液体，将液体的尿素泵入到第一包膜机中，随第一包膜机的转动将液态的尿素覆盖包裹在复合肥颗粒的外表面，得到包覆了尿素的复合肥。(2) Add 145kg of urea into the urea tank, and heat it to 140°C to make the urea melt into a liquid, pump the liquid urea into the first coating machine, and with the rotation of the first coating machine, the liquid urea The outer surface of the compound fertilizer particles is covered and wrapped to obtain the compound fertilizer coated with urea.
对比例2Comparative example 2
(1)按9:8:15的质量比称取氯化钾、氯化铵和磷酸共1t，倒入第一包膜机(圆筒形、能够转动)中；(1) take potassium chloride, ammonium chloride and phosphoric acid altogether 1t by the mass ratio of 9:8:15, pour in the first coating machine (cylindrical, can rotate);
(2)将油仓内150kg的包膜油泵入到第一包膜机中，使得包膜油随第一包膜机的转动覆盖在复合肥颗粒表面，得到包膜油包覆的复合肥。(2) The coating oil of 150kg in the oil tank is pumped into the first coating machine, so that the coating oil covers the compound fertilizer particle surface with the rotation of the first coating machine, and obtains the compound fertilizer coated with the coating oil.
对实施例1-3和对比例1-2制备的复合肥中元素含量进行测试，测试结果如表1.The element content in the compound fertilizer prepared by embodiment 1-3 and comparative example 1-2 is tested, and the test results are shown in table 1.
表1Table 1
从表1可以看出，本发明实施例制备的复合肥含氮量在28％-30％之间，明显高于对比例1-2，从而表明利用尿素进行一次包覆，并以包膜油进行二次包覆形成双层膜结构，不但获得了高的含氮量，而且能够避免尿素因受温度、湿度等环境因素而造成分解，使得复合肥具有稳定的高氮含量。As can be seen from Table 1, the nitrogen content of the compound fertilizer prepared by the examples of the present invention is between 28% and 30%, which is significantly higher than that of comparative example 1-2, thus indicating that urea is used for one-time coating, and the compound fertilizer is coated with oil Secondary coating to form a double-layer film structure not only obtains high nitrogen content, but also prevents urea from decomposing due to environmental factors such as temperature and humidity, so that the compound fertilizer has a stable high nitrogen content.
需要说明的是，以上各实施例均属于同一发明构思，各实施例的描述各有侧重，在个别实施例中描述未详尽之处，可参考其他实施例中的描述。It should be noted that the above embodiments all belong to the same inventive concept, and the description of each embodiment has its own emphasis. For details not described in individual embodiments, reference may be made to the descriptions in other embodiments.
以上所述实施例仅表达了本发明的实施方式，其描述较为具体和详细，但并不能因此而理解为对发明专利范围的限制。应当指出的是，对于本领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明构思的前提下，还可以做出若干变形和改进，这些都属于本发明的保护范围。因此，本发明专利的保护范围应以所附权利要求为准。The above-mentioned embodiments only express the implementation manner of the present invention, and the description thereof is relatively specific and detailed, but should not be construed as limiting the patent scope of the invention. It should be pointed out that those skilled in the art can make several modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the patent for the present invention should be based on the appended claims.
Claims (10)
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