CN115677126A - Dyeing waste treatment process - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a dyeing waste treatment process, and relates to the technical field of dyeing waste. The invention at least comprises the following steps: s1, performing separate treatment according to waste materials correspondingly generated in desizing, boiling, bleaching, mercerizing, dyeing, printing and finishing in the dyeing step, filtering fibers floating at the top end of liquid waste materials in the waste materials by adopting a filter screen, performing liquid-solid separation on the waste materials generated in different steps, and separating solid waste materials mixed in waste liquid from the waste liquid; s2, collecting fiber materials cut in dyeing and recovering; s3: and (4) treating and decoloring the waste liquid. Through the matching design of the process, the process is convenient for completing the composite treatment of the waste generated by dyeing in multiple sections, so that the dyeing waste is conveniently in a dischargeable state with high efficiency, and the secondary recycling of part of the waste is convenient, thereby greatly improving the whole process treatment performance and the economic efficiency.

Description

Dyeing waste treatment process

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of dyeing waste, in particular to a dyeing waste treatment process.

Background

With the production of cloth processing, a large amount of waste materials are generated in a plurality of processing processes, wherein the waste materials comprise solid waste materials and liquid waste liquid;

in order to reduce the influence of the waste material of cloth processing on the environment, the waste material is often required to be treated, so that the environment is better protected, however, the effect of the existing dyeing waste material treatment process is often limited, and the produced waste material cannot be recycled and applied correspondingly, so that the economic effect is limited.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a dyeing waste treatment process, which aims to solve the existing problems that: the existing dyeing waste treatment process is limited in effect, and the produced waste cannot be recycled correspondingly, so that the economic effect is limited.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a dyeing waste treatment process at least comprises the following steps:

s1: separately treating waste materials correspondingly generated in the steps of desizing, scouring, bleaching, mercerizing, dyeing, printing and finishing in the step of dyeing, filtering fibers floating at the top end of liquid waste materials in the waste materials by adopting a filter screen, performing liquid-solid separation on the waste materials generated in different steps, and separating solid waste materials mixed in waste liquid from waste liquid;

s2: collecting the fiber material cut in dyeing and recovering;

s3: treating and decoloring the waste liquid;

s4: oxidizing the waste liquid after the decolorization treatment;

s5, discharging the treated waste liquid;

s6: soaking and separating the solid waste in a separation tank, stirring the solid waste for 7-10min at the speed of 300-400r/min, standing for 30-40min to enable fibers in the solid waste to be separated and rise, filtering out the fibers, adding a flocculating agent, flocculating the rest waste with the weight at the bottom of the separation tank, scraping and collecting;

s7: and (4) carrying out secondary preparation application of recovering the collected fibers and fiber materials.

Preferably, the liquid-solid separation of the waste material in S1 at least comprises the following steps:

the first stage of separation application is to select a hollow column, fill ion exchange fibers in the hollow column to form a separation and filtration section, sequentially pass waste materials generated in different steps through the separation and filtration section, and filter waste liquid to ensure that solid waste materials and the waste liquid form initial separation;

and in the second stage of separation application, a flocculant is added into the waste liquid generated in the first stage of separation, the flocculant is utilized to generate high-valence polyhydroxy cations, the high-valence polyhydroxy cations and the colloid in water progress compress an electric double layer, neutralize and destabilize, absorb and bridge, precipitate is assisted with the functions of catching and sweeping precipitates, and the generated coarse flocs are removed by precipitation, so that solid impurities in the waste water are subjected to precipitation separation, and the effect of solid-liquid separation is further achieved.

Preferably, said S3 comprises at least the following steps:

performing primary filtration at an MF microfiltration filter element by adopting a dripping filtration mode according to the dripping efficiency of 30-50ml per minute, performing secondary filtration on an UF ultrafiltration filter element by adopting the dripping efficiency of 40-60ml per minute, performing tertiary filtration on an NF nanofiltration filter element by adopting a direct circulation mode, and performing fourth filtration at an RO reverse osmosis membrane filter element by adopting the direct circulation mode, so that primary decolorization filtration treatment on waste liquid is completed, chemical reagents do not need to be added in a membrane separation technology, new chemical substances are not generated in the treatment process, and secondary pollution is not generated; the treatment process is simple, the operation is convenient, the treatment can be carried out under normal pressure, and the energy consumption is low; useful salts and part of dyes can be recovered from the waste water for recycling; the treated wastewater can be directly recycled, so that the wastewater discharge is reduced;

bombarding the water solution by high-energy particle beams, exciting and ionizing water molecules to generate ions, excited molecules and secondary electrons, wherein radiation products interact with each other to generate substances HOdot, free radicals and H atoms with extremely strong reaction capability before diffusing to surrounding media, and the substances HOdot, free radicals and H atoms react with organic substances to decompose the organic substances to form secondary decoloration treatment;

adopting 6-17mg/LNaOH as a catalyst to react corn starch with an etherifying agent to prepare cationic starch CST, matching with chitosan prepared from the raw materials of shrimp and crab shells, mixing according to 8-13mg/L, and carrying out third decolorization, wherein the removal rate of CODCr is more than 85%;

the quaternary ammonium lignin salt flocculant prepared through graft polymerization is added into waste water in 15-22mg/L to form water insoluble matter together with the sulfonic acid radical, and the matter is eliminated to form the fourth decolorizing.

Preferably, said S7 comprises at least the following steps:

pre-pickling the separated fiber and the collected fiber material, wherein the concentration of sulfuric acid is 0.2-1.1m1/L, the temperature is 40-56 ℃, and the pickling time is 35-68 minutes;

adding the fibers and the fiber materials after the pickling into the mixture according to the proportion of 1:0.1-0.25 of laccase, hydrolyzing for 1.4-5.3 h according to the temperature of 55-68 ℃ to obtain the purified fiber;

washing the impurity-removed fiber with water;

carrying out alkali reduction treatment on the impurity-removed fibers by adopting NaOH4-9g/L and H2023-7g/L to ensure that the pH value of the impurity-removed fibers is 6.5-7.5 to form reduced fibers;

and re-spinning the reduced fiber to prepare coarse cloth.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

through the matching design of the process, the process is convenient for completing the multi-section composite treatment of the waste generated by dyeing, so that the dyeing waste is conveniently in a dischargeable state with high efficiency, and the secondary recycling of partial waste is convenient, thereby greatly improving the integral process treatment performance and the economical efficiency.

Detailed Description

A dyeing waste treatment process at least comprises the following steps:

s1: separately treating waste materials correspondingly generated in the steps of desizing, scouring, bleaching, mercerizing, dyeing, printing and finishing in the step of dyeing, filtering fibers floating at the top end of liquid waste materials in the waste materials by adopting a filter screen, performing liquid-solid separation on the waste materials generated in different steps, and separating solid waste materials mixed in waste liquid from waste liquid;

s2: collecting the fiber material cut in dyeing and recovering;

s3: treating and decoloring the waste liquid;

s4: oxidizing the waste liquid after the decolorization treatment;

s5, discharging the treated waste liquid;

s6: soaking and separating the solid waste in a separation tank, stirring the solid waste for 7-10min at the speed of 300-400r/min, standing for 30-40min to enable fibers in the solid waste to be separated and rise, filtering out the fibers, adding a flocculating agent, flocculating the rest waste with the weight at the bottom of the separation tank, scraping and collecting;

s7: and (4) carrying out secondary preparation application of recovering the collected fibers and fiber materials.

The liquid-solid separation of the waste in the S1 at least comprises the following steps:

in the first stage of separation application, a hollow column is selected, ion exchange fibers are filled in the hollow column to form a separation filtering section, waste materials generated in different steps sequentially pass through the separation filtering section, and waste liquid is filtered, so that solid waste materials and the waste liquid form initial separation;

in the second stage of separation application, a flocculant is added into the waste liquid generated in the first stage of separation, the flocculant is utilized to generate high-valence polyhydroxy cations, the high-valence polyhydroxy cations and the colloid in water progress to compress an electric double layer, neutralize and destabilize, absorb and bridge, and precipitate and remove generated coarse flocs under the actions of catching and sweeping precipitates, so that solid impurities in the waste water are precipitated and separated, and the effect of solid-liquid separation is further achieved;

s3 at least comprises the following steps:

adopting a dripping filtration mode, carrying out primary filtration at an MF microfiltration filter element according to the efficiency of dripping 30-50ml per minute, carrying out secondary filtration on an UF ultrafiltration filter element by adopting the efficiency of dripping 40-60ml per minute, carrying out tertiary filtration on an NF nanofiltration filter element by adopting a direct circulation mode, and carrying out fourth filtration at an RO reverse osmosis membrane filter element by adopting a direct circulation mode, thereby completing primary decolorization and filtration treatment on waste liquid, adding no chemical reagent in a membrane separation technology, generating no new chemical substances in a treatment process and generating no secondary pollution; the treatment process is simple, the operation is convenient, the treatment can be carried out under normal pressure, and the energy consumption is low; useful salts and part of dyes can be recovered from the waste water for recycling; the treated wastewater can be directly recycled, so that the wastewater discharge is reduced;

bombarding the water solution by high-energy particle beams, exciting and ionizing water molecules to generate ions, excited molecules and secondary electrons, wherein radiation products interact with each other to generate substances HOdot, free radicals and H atoms with extremely strong reaction capability before diffusing to surrounding media, and the substances HOdot, free radicals and H atoms react with organic substances to decompose the organic substances to form secondary decoloration treatment;

adopting 6-17mg/LNaOH as a catalyst to react corn starch with an etherifying agent to prepare cationic starch CST, matching with chitosan prepared from the raw materials of shrimp and crab shells, mixing according to 8-13mg/L, and carrying out third decolorization, wherein the removal rate of CODCr is more than 85%;

adding 15-22mg/L lignin quaternary ammonium salt flocculant and sulfonic acid groups in the wastewater into the wastewater to generate a water-insoluble substance, and removing the substance to form fourth decolorization;

s7 at least comprises the following steps:

pre-pickling the separated fiber and the collected fiber material, wherein the concentration of sulfuric acid is 0.2-1.1m1/L, the temperature is 40-56 ℃, and the pickling time is 35-68 minutes;

adding the fibers and the fiber materials after pickling into the mixture according to the proportion of 1:0.1-0.25 of laccase, hydrolyzing for 1.4-5.3 h according to the temperature of 55-68 ℃ to obtain defiber;

washing the impurity-removed fiber with water;

carrying out alkali reduction treatment on the impurity-removed fibers by adopting NaOH4-9g/L and H2023-7g/L to ensure that the pH value of the impurity-removed fibers is 6.5-7.5 to form reduced fibers;

and re-spinning the reduced fiber to prepare coarse cloth.

It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein.

Claims (4)

1. A dyeing waste treatment process is characterized in that: at least comprises the following steps:

s1: separately treating waste materials correspondingly generated in the steps of desizing, scouring, bleaching, mercerizing, dyeing, printing and finishing in the step of dyeing, filtering fibers floating at the top end of liquid waste materials in the waste materials by adopting a filter screen, performing liquid-solid separation on the waste materials generated in different steps, and separating solid waste materials mixed in waste liquid from waste liquid;

s2: collecting the fiber material cut in dyeing and recovering;

s3: treating and decoloring the waste liquid;

s4: oxidizing the waste liquid after the decolorization treatment;

s5, discharging the treated waste liquid;

s6: soaking and separating the solid waste in a separation tank, stirring the solid waste for 7-10min at the speed of 300-400r/min, standing for 30-40min to enable fibers in the solid waste to be separated and rise, filtering out the fibers, adding a flocculant, flocculating the rest weight of waste at the bottom of the separation tank, and scraping and collecting;

s7: and (4) carrying out secondary preparation application of recovering the collected fibers and fiber materials.

2. The dyeing waste treatment process according to claim 1, characterized in that: the liquid-solid separation of the waste material in the S1 at least comprises the following steps:

in the first stage of separation application, a hollow column is selected, ion exchange fibers are filled in the hollow column to form a separation filtering section, waste materials generated in different steps sequentially pass through the separation filtering section, and waste liquid is filtered, so that solid waste materials and the waste liquid form initial separation;

and in the second stage of separation application, a flocculant is added into the waste liquid generated in the first stage of separation, the flocculant is utilized to generate high-valence polyhydroxy cations, the high-valence polyhydroxy cations and the colloid in water progress compress an electric double layer, neutralize and destabilize, absorb and bridge, precipitate is assisted with the functions of catching and sweeping precipitates, and the generated coarse flocs are removed by precipitation, so that solid impurities in the waste water are subjected to precipitation separation, and the effect of solid-liquid separation is further achieved.

3. The dyeing waste treatment process according to claim 1, characterized in that: the S3 at least comprises the following steps:

performing primary filtration at the MF microfiltration filter core by adopting a dripping filtration mode according to the dripping efficiency of 30-50ml per minute, performing secondary filtration on an UF ultrafiltration filter core by adopting the dripping efficiency of 40-60ml per minute, performing tertiary filtration on an NF nanofiltration filter core by adopting a direct circulation mode, and performing quaternary filtration on an RO reverse osmosis membrane filter core by adopting a direct circulation mode, thereby completing primary decolorization filtration treatment on waste liquid;

bombarding the water solution by high-energy particle beams, exciting and ionizing water molecules to generate ions, excited molecules and secondary electrons, wherein radiation products interact with each other to generate substances HOdot, free radicals and H atoms with extremely strong reaction capability before diffusing to surrounding media, and the substances HOdot, free radicals and H atoms react with organic substances to decompose the organic substances to form secondary decoloration treatment;

mixing cationic starch CST prepared by reacting corn starch with etherifying agent in the presence of 6-17mg/LNaOH as catalyst with chitosan prepared from prawn and crab shell as raw materials at a ratio of 8-13mg/L, and decolorizing for the third time;

the lignin quaternary ammonium salt flocculant prepared by graft polymerization is added into the wastewater, 15-22mg/L of the lignin quaternary ammonium salt flocculant and sulfonic acid groups in the wastewater generate a water-insoluble substance, and the substance is removed to form fourth decolorization.

4. The dyeing waste treatment process according to claim 1, characterized in that: the S7 at least comprises the following steps:

pre-pickling the separated fiber and the collected fiber material at the sulfuric acid concentration of 0.2-1.1m1/L and the temperature of 40-56 ℃ for 35-68 min;

adding the fibers and the fiber materials after pickling into the mixture according to the proportion of 1:0.1-0.25 of laccase, hydrolyzing for 1.4-5.3 h according to the temperature of 55-68 ℃ to obtain the purified fiber;

washing the impurity-removed fiber with water;

carrying out alkali reduction treatment on the impurity-removed fibers by adopting NaOH4-9g/L and H2023-7g/L to ensure that the pH value of the impurity-removed fibers is 6.5-7.5 to form reduced fibers;

and re-spinning the reduced fiber to prepare coarse cloth.