CN115677042A - Vertical anaerobic reaction device for sewage treatment - Google Patents
Vertical anaerobic reaction device for sewage treatment Download PDFInfo
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- CN115677042A CN115677042A CN202211364975.3A CN202211364975A CN115677042A CN 115677042 A CN115677042 A CN 115677042A CN 202211364975 A CN202211364975 A CN 202211364975A CN 115677042 A CN115677042 A CN 115677042A
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- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 73
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 84
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 17
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel
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- Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a vertical anaerobic reaction device for sewage treatment, which comprises a vertical tank body, and a muddy water inlet, a sewage inlet, an internal circulation cylinder, a thermometer, a heat-preservation medium injection device, a heat-preservation medium inlet and a gas outlet which are arranged along the vertical tank body from bottom to top; the inner circulation cylinder is funnel-shaped and sequentially comprises a large-end straight cylinder section, a conical section and a small-end straight cylinder section from top to bottom, an annular gap is formed between the large-end straight cylinder section and the inner wall of the vertical tank body, the side wall of the bottom of the small-end straight cylinder section is provided with a circulation port and a water outlet, the water outlet is provided with a water outlet pipe, a filter screen is arranged in front of the water outlet, and the circulation port is communicated with the muddy water inlet through a circulation pipeline provided with a circulation pump; the heat preservation medium injection device comprises a hollow cavity, a discharge pipe communicated with the hollow cavity and a backstop at the lower end of the discharge pipe, and the space outside the hollow cavity in the vertical tank body is communicated into a whole. The invention can promote the recycling of anaerobic bacteria, and improve the mass transfer and degradation efficiency; and the system vibration and the system energy consumption are reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of environmental protection, and particularly relates to a vertical anaerobic reaction device for sewage treatment.
Background
The anaerobic reactor is a device which depends on the reaction of sludge with active anaerobic bacteria and sewage to degrade organic matters in the sewage and generate methane. Because extra energy is not needed to be provided, the metabolic characteristic of the anaerobic microorganisms is only utilized, the methane gas with energy value can be generated while the organic matters in the sewage are adsorbed and degraded, the anaerobic biological treatment has the characteristics of energy conservation, high efficiency, environmental protection and the like, and the anaerobic biological treatment becomes a main mode for degrading the organic matters in the sewage.
Good mass transfer is an important link for the efficient and stable operation of the anaerobic reactor. In the prior art, anaerobic reactors generally comprise a UASB reactor, an EGSB reactor, an IC reactor and the like, and the mass transfer effect is improved by mechanical stirring or muddy water external circulation or muddy water internal circulation. Chinese patent CN101823793A discloses an anaerobic reactor, which mainly comprises: the reactor comprises a reactor main body, a feeding device, a circulating stirring device, a sewage discharge device, a safety protection device, a water outlet device, a heating device, a detection control device, a methane collecting device and the like, and the reactor has the characteristics of effectively intercepting sludge, having high gas production rate, obviously reducing operation cost, obviously improving effluent quality and the like due to the fact that the reactor is provided with an internal circulating stirring device and an external circulating stirring device, but the reactor can possibly cause sludge to float upwards to enable materials to be layered, has poor fluidization effect and cannot meet the requirement of homogenizing the materials. Chinese patent CN112010426B discloses a novel vertical anaerobic reactor, which can fully stir and mix the materials in the tank, and discharge the biogas residue and return the sludge, but if the sludge sinks to the bottom of the reactor, the sludge is difficult to turn, and the degradation efficiency is reduced. Chinese patent CN216273321U discloses an anaerobic reactor capable of controlling biogas stirring amount, which improves the stirring force in the edge area, and makes the reaction of each part in the reactor uniform, but the mechanical stirring also brings the problems of large energy consumption, difficult dynamic sealing, large vibration and the like.
Different microorganisms have different requirements on the environmental temperature, for example, the optimal temperature for the growth of methanogen is 30-37 ℃, and the optimal temperature for anaerobic nitrogen oxide bacteria is 30-35 ℃. Because the anaerobic bacteria are very sensitive to the change of temperature, the degradation effect and the gas production are directly related, and even the strains are directly inactivated, the maintenance of the constant temperature in the reactor in the sewage treatment process is one of the important prerequisites for ensuring the sewage treatment effect. In the prior art, there are mainly two heating methods: one is to directly heat the sewage in the reactor, and due to the influence of mass transfer effect, the heating mode can cause the water temperature near the heating device to be too high, and the heat can not be diffused to other parts of the reactor in time, which can cause the microorganism in the reactor to be reduced in activity due to the inadaptation of the temperature, and can also cause the inactivation of part of the microorganism in severe cases. The second method is to add a water bath layer or an oil bath layer on the periphery of the reactor, which can ensure that the temperature of each part of the reactor is basically the same, but the large contact area of the water bath layer or the oil bath layer and the external environment causes a great deal of heat loss.
Chinese patent CN216273313U discloses a circulation heating device of an anaerobic reactor, which comprises a heating layer, a heated layer, a water inlet, a water outlet and a heating unit, wherein the heating unit, the heating layer and the heated layer are sleeved from inside to outside, so that the problems of nonuniform heating and serious heat loss in the reactor are solved, the circulation heating can be realized, the heat loss is reduced, and the defects of few temperature measuring points and few heating points also exist. Chinese patent CN216273324U discloses a novel anaerobic reactor, installs the heater in the reactor outside, to in the inside liquid heating of anaerobic reactor, the motor drives the axostylus axostyle through the derailleur and rotates, the axostylus axostyle drives the stirring leaf and stirs liquid, be convenient for carry out the even heating to anaerobic reactor inside, keep the activity of fungus crowd, but heating temperature is inhomogeneous overall, is close to the temperature of reactor wall height, keep away from the temperature of reactor wall low, the heat loss is more.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a vertical anaerobic reaction device for sewage treatment, which aims to solve the problems of poor fluidization effect, low degradation efficiency, difficult turning of bottom sludge, large vibration, few temperature measuring points, few heating points, uneven heating, high heat loss and the like of an anaerobic reactor in the prior art.
The invention provides a vertical anaerobic reaction device for sewage treatment, which comprises a vertical tank body, and a muddy water inlet, a sewage inlet, an internal circulation cylinder, a thermometer, a heat preservation medium injection device, a heat preservation medium inlet and a gas outlet which are arranged along the vertical tank body from bottom to top; the muddy water inlet is arranged on the bottom sealing head of the vertical tank body and extends into the vertical tank body, the sewage inlet is arranged on the side surface of the bottom of the vertical tank body, the gas outlet is arranged on the top sealing head, and the thermometer and the heat preservation medium inlet are arranged on the side wall of the vertical tank body; the inner circulation cylinder and the vertical tank body are coaxially arranged, the whole body is funnel-shaped, a large-end straight cylinder section, a large-end conical section and a small-end straight cylinder section are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, the diameter of the large-end straight cylinder section is equal to that of the large end of the conical section, the diameter of the small-end straight cylinder section is equal to that of the small end of the conical section, an annular gap is formed between the large-end straight cylinder section and the inner wall of the vertical tank body, the bottom of the small-end straight cylinder section is closed, a circulation port is formed in the side wall of the bottom of the small-end straight cylinder section, a water outlet is formed in the side wall of the small-end straight cylinder section above the circulation port, a water outlet pipe extending out of the vertical tank body is arranged on the water outlet, and a filter screen is arranged in front of the water outlet in the small-end straight cylinder section; the circulating port is communicated with the muddy water inlet through a circulating pipeline arranged outside the vertical tank body, and the circulating pipeline is provided with a circulating pump; the heat-insulating medium injection device is arranged below the conical section of the internal circulation cylinder and comprises a hollow cavity, a discharge pipe communicated with the hollow cavity and a backstop arranged at the lower end of the discharge pipe, the hollow cavity is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the vertical tank body and communicated with a heat-insulating medium inlet, and the space in the vertical tank body outside the hollow cavity is communicated into a whole; the inner circulation cylinder is welded or fixed on the inner wall of the vertical tank body or the heat preservation medium injection device through a connecting plate or a bolt.
The liquid overflowing into the internal circulation cylinder can be pumped out by utilizing the arranged circulation pipeline and then returns to the vertical tank body from the muddy water inlet, so that the internal circulation amount can be adjusted and controlled.
The straight section of thick bamboo of inner loop section of thick bamboo main aspects is uncovered drum, and after the annular gap between the straight section of thick bamboo of main aspects and the vertical internal wall of jar rose to the top along the straight section of thick bamboo of main aspects when the internal material liquid level of vertical jar, because the cone section arouses flow area to reduce, material lifting speed obtains increasing, and the material moves along top head circular arc high speed when leaving the straight section of thick bamboo of inner loop section of thick bamboo main aspects, utilizes the radian of top head self can realize gaseous phase and the solid double-phase separation of liquid. Due to the action of centrifugal force, the gas phase and the liquid-solid phase are separated in an accelerated manner, the gas phase moves along an arc, and the liquid-solid phase moves downwards, so that the separation effect of the gas phase and the liquid-solid phase is enhanced, the liquid-solid phase is guided into the inner circulation cylinder more quickly, and the ratio of the diameter of the straight cylinder section at the large end of the inner circulation cylinder to the diameter of the vertical tank body is preferably 0.6-0.9; the ratio of the diameter of the straight section at the small end of the internal circulation cylinder to the diameter of the vertical tank body is preferably 0.15-0.6.
As an improvement, a baffle plate can be arranged on the top sealing head to enhance the wear resistance of the arc-shaped part and improve the service life and the safety of equipment; as a further scheme, a circular liquid-solid retaining cylinder which is vertically downward is preferably arranged at the tail end of the anti-impact baffle, the diameter of the liquid-solid retaining cylinder is larger than the outer diameter of the gas outlet and related accessories and smaller than the inner diameter of the large-end straight cylinder section, so that liquid and solid are blocked, the liquid and the solid are completely and downwardly guided into the inner circulation cylinder, the impact of the liquid and the solid on the gas outlet and related accessories is reduced, and the separation load of the related accessories of the gas outlet is reduced.
As an alternative, an annular gap between the upper end of the large-end straight cylinder section and the inner wall of the vertical tank body can be sealed by an annular plugging plate, meanwhile, a mounting hole is formed in the cylinder wall of the large-end straight cylinder section, a cyclone separator is arranged on the mounting hole, the separation effect is enhanced by the cyclone separator, so that liquid and solid phases carried in a gas phase are further separated, and more liquid and solid phases enter the inner circulation cylinder to continue to react.
The hollow cavity can guide the heat preservation medium introduced from the heat preservation medium inlet into the discharge pipe, and the heat preservation medium is injected into the corresponding position in the vertical tank body through the discharge pipe. The structure of the hollow cavity allows the mixed medium in the vertical tank to flow from bottom to top, the hollow cavity can be a hollow pipeline, and the pipeline can be an annular pipe or a straight pipe or a net-shaped communication structure consisting of the annular pipe and the straight pipe; the hollow cavity can also be a cake-shaped hollow box structure or other hollow structures which can distribute the heat preservation medium.
The backstop at the lower end of the discharge pipe can be a check valve, a backstop sheet and the like, and can also be a sealing device with a self-tightening device. The non-return device is used for preventing sludge and gas in the reaction cavity from entering the discharge pipe and the hollow box body so as to prevent materials from crossing and blocking.
When the temperature in the reaction device measured by the thermometer is proper and does not need to be adjusted, a heat preservation medium does not need to be injected into the reaction cavity, the discharge pipe is closed under the action of the backstop, and materials in the reaction cavity cannot enter the discharge pipe. When the thermocouple detects that a certain area in the reaction device deviates from the proper temperature and heat-insulating medium needs to be injected into the reaction device, the heat-insulating medium enters the hollow box body from the corresponding heat-insulating medium inlet and enters the vertical tank body from the discharge pipe. When the temperature is adjusted to the proper temperature of the strain, the heat preservation medium is stopped being injected into the vertical tank body, the check valve is closed again, and other materials are prevented from entering the discharge pipe. Specifically, when the measured temperature in the vertical tank body is higher than the proper temperature of the strains, a cold medium is introduced into the vertical tank body to reduce the temperature in the reaction device; when the measured temperature in the reaction device is lower than the proper temperature of the strains, introducing a heat medium into the reaction device to raise the temperature in the reaction device.
The non-return device can also mainly comprise a pre-tensioned spring and a non-return baffle, wherein one end of the pre-tensioned spring is fixed at the lower end part of the discharge pipe, and the other end of the pre-tensioned spring is fixedly connected with the non-return baffle and enables the non-return baffle to block the outlet at the lower end of the discharge pipe. The upper surface of the non-return baffle plate can be provided with a sealing gasket, so that the lower end outlet of the discharge pipe can be better plugged. When the heat preservation medium is not required to be introduced into the reaction device, the pre-tensioning spring is in a stretching state, and exerts a pulling force on the check baffle plate to enable the check baffle plate and the sealing gasket to be tightly attached to the outlet at the lower end of the discharge pipe, so that the materials in the reaction cavity are prevented from entering the discharge pipe. When a heat preservation medium needs to be introduced into the reaction device, under the action of inertia, gravity and pressure of the heat preservation medium, the elongation of the pre-tensioned spring is increased, the heat preservation medium is opened and passes through the non-return baffle plate at the outlet at the lower end of the discharge pipe, enters the vertical tank body, and is mixed with a sewage mixture in the vertical tank body to exchange heat, and the temperature in the vertical tank body is adjusted. When the measured temperature reaches a set value and does not need to be continuously injected into the vertical tank body, the heat preservation medium inlet is closed, the check baffle plate is lifted up and is tightly attached to the lower end outlet of the discharge pipe again under the action of the tension of the pre-tensioning spring and the pressure of the rising fluid in the reaction cavity, the lower end outlet of the discharge pipe is closed, and materials in the reaction cavity are prevented from entering the discharge pipe. The non-return baffle can be a round plate, a square plate or other shapes, and is preferably used for completely blocking the discharge pipe and is more than 1.2 times of the area of the round pipe. The non-return baffle plate can prevent the materials in the reaction cavity from entering the discharge pipe, and the non-return baffle plate has the other function of guiding the heat preservation medium to the periphery, so that the direction of the heat preservation medium is changed from vertical downward to diffusion around the discharge pipe, the diffusion range of the heat preservation medium is expanded, and the temperature in the reaction cavity can be adjusted more quickly.
As an improvement, one or more heat-preservation medium injection devices can be arranged on the axis of the vertical tank body so as to realize the temperature regulation of the media with different heights in the vertical tank body.
The thermometer is used for monitoring the temperature in the tank body, can be a plurality of temperature meters for single-point temperature measurement such as expansion type, thermal resistor and thermocouple, and can also be a device for multipoint temperature measurement such as thermocouple, so that multipoint accurate measurement of a temperature field in the vertical tank body is realized.
The heat preservation medium is preferably selected from water, and other media such as methane, nitrogen and the like can also be used. If water is selected, the temperature deviation is not more than plus or minus 5 degrees of the proper temperature of the strains.
As an improvement, a dispersing cylinder is arranged above the muddy water inlet and below the straight cylinder section at the small end of the internal circulation cylinder, the upper end of the muddy water inlet is in leak-free connection with the dispersing cylinder, and the dispersing cylinder and the vertical tank body are coaxially arranged. The dispersion cylinder is a circular cylinder body, the upper end of the dispersion cylinder body is closed, dispersion holes are uniformly formed in the cylinder wall along the circumference, the dispersion holes can be strip seams or round holes, the diameter of each round hole is 2-40 mm, and the width of each strip seam is 2-30 mm. The dispersing cylinder makes the sludge containing anaerobic bacteria enter the vertical tank body and then be better dispersed and uniformly distributed in the radial direction of the vertical tank body.
As an improvement, in consideration of flow resistance, since the sludge flows in the dispersion cylinder preferentially rather than flowing out of the dispersion holes, in order to make the muddy water enter the vertical tank body from the dispersion holes of the circles more uniformly, the opening diameters of the dispersion holes are gradually increased from bottom to top along the axial direction of the dispersion cylinder.
As a further improvement, a sewage distribution pipe is arranged in an annular space between the dispersion cylinder and the vertical tank body, the sewage distribution pipe is an annular pipe, is sleeved on the periphery of the dispersion cylinder, is positioned at the bottom of the vertical tank body and is communicated with a sewage inlet, and is provided with jet holes on the pipe wall, the jet holes can be strip seams or round holes or the combination of the strip seams and the round holes, the diameter of the round holes is 2-50 mm, and the width of the strip seams is 2-20 mm.
As a further improvement, the injection direction of the injection hole is directed downward. The purpose of the arrangement is to directly spray the sewage to the bottom of the vertical tank body, turn the sludge at the bottom of the vertical tank body by the impact force of water, form a good turning effect and improve the utilization rate and the degradation efficiency of the sludge.
As a preferred scheme, the dispersion holes are formed in the wall of the dispersion barrel, which is higher than the annular plane where the sewage distribution pipe is located, so that the sludge sprayed out of the dispersion holes can be better improved.
The gas outlet is used for gas phase generated by the reaction to leave the reaction device. As a further scheme, a gas knockout device can be arranged in front of the gas outlet to separate liquid phase and even solid phase carried in the gas, the liquid phase and the solid phase which are removed fall into the vertical tank body to continue to circulate for reaction, and the gas knockout device can be formed by filling a wire mesh in a circular or square metal tank body with two open ends.
The filter screen can be a wire mesh, the aperture of the wire mesh is smaller than the minimum particle size of the sludge, and the filter screen can also be other filter components. The filter screen should block organic matters and sundries in the sludge and the sewage from entering the area behind the filter screen, and clear water without impurities such as sludge and organic matters is guaranteed to pass through the filter screen. If the pressure in the vertical tank body is lower, a water suction pump can be arranged behind the water outlet pipe to provide power for the clean water to overcome the resistance of the filter screen and pump the clean water out of the vertical anaerobic reaction device. Another advantage of the water pump is that the amount of water leaving the vertical tank can be controlled to control the liquid level or the water circulation amount in the vertical tank, so as to ensure that the vertical tank is at a balance point of good fluidization and high efficiency, thereby not only maintaining a certain operation flexibility, but also maintaining high efficiency. The filter screen or the filter assembly can be a filter screen, a filter membrane or other filter assemblies with the oil-containing water filtering function, only clear water passes through the filter screen or the filter membrane, and organic matters such as oil and other impurities in water do not pass through the filter screen or the filter assembly; an oil-repellent coating can also be added on a common filter screen and a common filter assembly, so that water can pass through the filter screen, and organic matters such as oil can not pass through the filter screen.
As another alternative, if the filter screen can only filter the sludge, and when the organic matters and water can pass through the filter screen, an oil-water separator such as a cyclone separator can be additionally arranged behind the filter screen, the separated clear water is discharged out of the device or used for other purposes after the oil in the water is further separated, and the separated oily organic matters return to the vertical tank body to continue to react with anaerobic bacteria.
As a preferable scheme, two or more water outlets can be arranged, when a certain filter screen is blocked, other water outlets can be switched, and the blocked water outlets are subjected to back flushing to remove the blocked sludge, so that the sludge can be continuously used.
As a further scheme, a liquid level meter can be arranged on the vertical tank body to keep controlling the material quantity in the vertical tank body, and the liquid level meter can be in the forms of a magnetic float, a magnetic turning plate, a radar, a U-shaped pipe and the like.
As a further proposal, the vertical tank body can be provided with a common port, and the common port can supplement or discharge corresponding media into the system according to the operation condition of the system. For example, if partial supplement or discharge of sludge is required due to changes in sewage treatment capacity, increased sludge production in the system, or other reasons, partial material can be supplemented or withdrawn through the common port. If the pH value in the vertical tank body deviates from the proper pH value of the strain through monitoring, a regulator can be injected into the system through the common port so as to keep the system at the proper pH value of the strain.
The operation process of the invention is as follows:
1) Gas replacement: replacing original gas in the vertical anaerobic reaction device by nitrogen or carbon dioxide and other gases, and aiming at providing an anaerobic initial environment in the vertical anaerobic reaction device;
2) Introducing sludge: introducing sludge with active anaerobic bacteria into the vertical anaerobic reaction device through a sewage inlet or a public port, ensuring that the quantity of the introduced anaerobic bacteria is more than that of anaerobic bacteria required by the designed sewage treatment capacity, and ensuring certain allowance;
3) Introducing sewage to be treated: introducing sewage to be treated into the vertical anaerobic reaction device through a sewage inlet, and mixing the sewage and sludge to form a mud-water mixture; along with the continuous introduction of the sewage into the vertical anaerobic reaction device, the vertical tank forms fluidization, and organic matters in the sewage are contacted with anaerobic bacteria to generate degradation reaction. When the liquid level continuously rises, the mixture in the vertical tank body continuously rises around the hollow cavity, rises to the top of the vertical tank body along an annular gap between the large-end straight cylinder section and the inner wall of the vertical tank body, the gas phase is separated from the liquid phase and the solid phase in the space above the internal circulation cylinder and the lower part of the top end socket, the gas upwards leaves the reaction device from the gas outlet after separation, the liquid-solid two phases enter the internal circulation cylinder, flow downwards along the conical section to enter the small-end straight cylinder section, and return to the vertical tank body through a circulation pipeline arranged on the small-end straight cylinder section to continuously perform degradation reaction with the sewage, so that the sewage is purified;
4) Discharge of reaction products: the sewage continuously undergoes biodegradation reaction in circulation to generate methane gas, the reacted sewage is filtered by a filter screen and then leaves the reaction device as clean water, and the methane gas and other gases entrained by the mud-water mixture leave the reaction device through a gas outlet;
5) Controlling the sludge content: along with the continuous progress of the biodegradation reaction, the content of the sludge in the vertical anaerobic reaction device can be increased or reduced, and in order to control the content of the sludge in the vertical anaerobic reaction device, the redundant sludge in the vertical anaerobic reaction device can be discharged through a public port or insufficient sludge can be supplemented into the reaction device;
6) Controlling the reaction temperature: when the temperature in the vertical tank body monitored by the thermometer is within the proper temperature of the strains, the heat-insulating medium inlet is closed, and the discharge pipe is in a closed state under the action of the lower non-return device; along with the progress of the biodegradation reaction, if the temperature in the vertical tank body measured by the thermometer deviates from the proper temperature of the strain, the heat-insulating medium enters the hollow cavity through the heat-insulating medium inlet, enters the vertical tank body from the discharge pipe after the non-return device below the discharge pipe is opened, and adjusts the temperature in the vertical tank body; when the temperature in the vertical tank body returns to the proper temperature of the strains again, the heat preservation medium inlet is closed, and the discharge pipe is closed under the action of the lower non-return device.
The conditions of the biodegradation reaction are as follows: the pressure in the vertical tank body is kept at micro positive pressure, generally 0.05-0.5 MPa; the temperature is set according to the optimum temperature of different strains; the pH value in the system is preferably kept in weak alkalinity, preferably between 6.5 and 8.5. When the condition fluctuation and deviation from the initial set value in the vertical tank body are detected, hot water, cold water or other chemical agents or substances required by strains such as sulfur, phosphorus and the like can be supplemented into the vertical tank body through the common port so as to adjust the temperature and the PH or supplement nutrient substances required by the strains.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1) Organic matters in the sewage containing the organic matters are degraded under the action of anaerobic bacteria, and the sludge in the water is filtered to obtain purified water, so that the water quality is guaranteed; by utilizing the metabolic characteristics of anaerobic microorganisms, the methane gas with energy value can be generated while organic matters in the sewage are degraded, and the anaerobic biological sewage treatment device has the characteristics of energy conservation, high efficiency, environmental protection and the like;
2) The temperature in the reaction device is controlled through the thermometer, the heat preservation medium injection device and the heat preservation medium, when the temperature in the reaction device deviates from the proper temperature of the strain, the temperature in the reaction device is adjusted and kept to be the proper temperature of the strain, so that the degradation reaction is always at a high speed, and the efficiency of the reaction device is improved;
3) The continuous stirring of the sludge at the bottom of the vertical tank body is realized through the sewage distribution pipe, a good fluidization effect is formed, the cyclic utilization of anaerobic bacteria is promoted, and the mass transfer and degradation efficiency is improved;
4) Through setting up inner loop section of thick bamboo and circulating line, the mud-water mixture that promotes upwards gets into the inner loop section of thick bamboo, has realized the cyclic utilization of mud and the adjustable controllable of inner loop volume. The inner circulation cylinder is provided with a reinforced separation element, so that the floating mud is effectively driven downwards in a swirling manner, and material layering caused by floating mud is broken;
5) The vertical anaerobic reaction device is not provided with moving parts such as stirring elements, so that the vibration of the system is reduced, and the energy consumption of the system is reduced; the filter screen can realize on-line cleaning, and promotes the long-period operation of the reaction device.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a vertical anaerobic reaction apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is another schematic view of the vertical anaerobic reactor of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic top view of the hollow box of FIG. 1;
fig. 4 is a schematic view of a construction of the check of fig. 1.
In the figure: 1-vertical tank body, 2-internal circulation barrel, 3-filter screen, 4-water outlet, 5-water outlet pipe, 6-circulation port, 7-circulation pipeline, 8-circulation pump, 9-muddy water inlet, 10-dispersion barrel, 11-sewage distribution pipe, 12-sewage inlet, 13-dispersion hole, 14-public port, 15-impingement plate, 16-liquid-solid baffle barrel, 17-gas knockout device, 18-gas outlet, 19-blocking plate, 20-cyclone separator, 21-thermometer, 22-hollow box body, 23-peripheral diversion hole, 24-heat preservation medium inlet, 25-discharge pipe, 26-backstop, 27-central diversion hole, 28-partition plate, 29-pretension spring, 30-seal gasket, 31-backstop baffle and 32-temperature measurement point.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, the vertical anaerobic reactor for sewage treatment of the present invention comprises a vertical tank 1, an internal circulation cylinder 2, a filter screen 3, a water outlet 4, a water outlet pipe 5, a circulation port 6, a circulation pipeline 7, a circulation pump 8, a muddy water inlet 9, a dispersion cylinder 10, a sewage distribution pipe 11, a sewage inlet 12, a dispersion hole 13, a common port 14, a baffle 15, a liquid-solid blocking cylinder 16, a gas knockout vessel 17, a gas outlet 18, a thermometer 21 and a heat preservation medium injection device.
The heat preservation medium injection device is arranged below the conical section of the internal circulation cylinder 2 and comprises a hollow box body 22, a central diversion hole 27 (shown in figure 3) arranged on the hollow box body 22, peripheral diversion holes 23, a discharge pipe 25 and a backstop 26 arranged at the lower end of the discharge pipe 25. The central diversion hole 27 and the peripheral diversion holes 23 penetrate through the upper surface and the lower surface of the hollow box body 22 and form leak-free connection with the inner space of the hollow box body, and the heat preservation medium injection device is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the vertical tank body 1 through the hollow box body 22 and is communicated with the heat preservation medium inlet 24. The hollow box body 22 is in a round cake shape, and a central diversion hole 27 (shown in figure 3) and a peripheral diversion hole 23 arranged on the hollow box body 22 are communicated with the space in the vertical tank body above and below the hollow box body 22, so that materials in the vertical tank body can pass through and be lifted upwards. The discharge pipe 25 is fixed below the bottom plate of the hollow box 22 and communicates with the inner space of the hollow box.
As shown in fig. 4, the check device 26 comprises a pre-tensioned spring 29 and a check baffle 31, wherein one end of the pre-tensioned spring 29 is fixed at the lower end of the discharge pipe 25, the other end is fixedly connected with the check baffle 31, and a sealing gasket 30 is arranged on the upper surface of the check baffle 31; the backstop shown in figure 4 is in an open state, arrows show the flow direction of the heat preservation medium, and the direction of the heat preservation medium changes from vertical downward to diffuse around the discharge pipe, so that the diffusion range of the heat preservation medium is expanded.
The gas outlet 18 is arranged at the center of the bottom end socket of the vertical tank body 1, the gas knockout device 17 is arranged in front of the gas outlet, and the public port 14 is arranged on the side wall of the middle part of the vertical tank body 1.
The inner circulation cylinder 2 and the vertical tank body 1 are coaxially arranged, the whole body is funnel-shaped, a large-end straight cylinder section, a conical section and a small-end straight cylinder section are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, an annular gap is formed between the large-end straight cylinder section and the inner wall of the vertical tank body 1, the small-end straight cylinder section penetrates through a central diversion hole 27 (shown in figure 3) of the hollow tank body 22, the inner circulation cylinder is fixed on the hollow tank body 22 (not shown in the figure) through the small-end straight cylinder section, the bottom of the small-end straight cylinder section is closed, a circulation port 6 is arranged on the side wall of the bottom of the small-end straight cylinder section, a water outlet 4 is arranged on the side wall of the small-end straight cylinder section above the circulation port 6, a water outlet pipe 5 extending out of the vertical tank body is arranged on the water outlet 4, and a filter screen 3 is arranged in front of the water outlet 4 in the small-end straight cylinder section; the circulating port 4 is communicated with the muddy water inlet 9 through a circulating pipeline 7 arranged outside the vertical tank body, and a circulating pump 8 is arranged on the circulating pipeline 7.
The inner wall of the top seal head above the annular gap between the large-end straight barrel section of the inner circulation barrel 2 and the inner wall of the vertical tank body 1 is provided with an impingement plate 15, and the tail end of the impingement plate 15 is provided with an annular liquid fixed baffle barrel 16.
The muddy water inlet 9 is arranged at the center of the bottom head of the vertical tank body 1 and extends into the vertical tank body 1, the dispersing cylinder 10 and the inner circulating cylinder 2 are coaxially arranged, and the dispersing cylinder 10 is arranged below the inner circulating cylinder 2; the upper end of the dispersion cylinder 10 is sealed by a blind plate, the blind plate is preferably conical, the conical blind plate can promote sludge to smoothly enter the vertical tank body 1 from the dispersion cylinder and promote the mixing of a mud-water mixture, and the straight cylinder sections of the dispersion cylinder 10 and the internal circulation cylinder 2 can share the conical blind plate. The lower end of the dispersing cylinder 10 is fixedly connected with the upper end of the muddy water inlet 9, and the dispersing cylinder and the muddy water inlet are coaxially arranged.
A sewage distribution pipe 11 is arranged in an annular space between the dispersion cylinder 10 and the vertical tank body 1, the sewage distribution pipe 11 is an annular pipe, is sleeved on the periphery of the dispersion cylinder 10, is positioned at the bottom of the vertical tank body and is communicated with a sewage inlet 12, and spray holes (not shown in the figure) are arranged on the pipe wall of the sewage distribution pipe 11. The sewage distribution pipe 11 can be arranged into one or more circles according to actual needs, and one or more sewage inlets 12 are correspondingly arranged; of course, the sewage distribution pipe 11 may also adopt other suitable structures. The dispersion holes 13 arranged on the wall of the dispersion barrel 10 are arranged on the wall of the dispersion barrel higher than the ring plane of the sewage distribution pipe 11, and the opening diameter of the dispersion holes 13 is gradually increased from bottom to top along the axial direction of the dispersion barrel 10.
FIG. 2 is another schematic view of the vertical anaerobic reactor of the present invention. It differs from fig. 1 mainly in that: the inner wall of the top end socket is not provided with a flushing prevention plate and a liquid-solid baffle; the annular gap between the upper end of the large-end straight barrel section of the internal circulation barrel 2 and the inner wall of the vertical tank body 1 is sealed by an annular plugging plate 19, meanwhile, a mounting hole is formed in the barrel wall of the large-end straight barrel section, a cyclone separator 20 is arranged on the mounting hole, and the separation effect is enhanced by the cyclone separator, so that liquid and solid phases carried in a gas phase are further separated.
Fig. 3 is a schematic top view of the hollow box of fig. 1. As shown in the figure, the hollow box 22 is divided into a plurality of mutually independent closed areas by the partition plates 28, each closed area corresponds to one temperature measuring point 32 and one heat preservation medium inlet 24, and if a certain area needs temperature adjustment, accurate adjustment of the temperature of different areas can be realized by injecting corresponding media into the corresponding area of the hollow box 22.
The working flow of the invention is explained below with reference to fig. 1:
1) Introducing sludge: introducing sludge with active anaerobic bacteria into the vertical anaerobic reaction device through a sewage inlet 12 or a common port 14, ensuring that the number of the introduced anaerobic bacteria is more than that of anaerobic bacteria required by the designed sewage treatment capacity, and ensuring a certain allowance;
2) Introducing sewage to be treated: introducing sewage to be treated into the vertical anaerobic reaction device through a sewage inlet 12 and a sewage distribution pipe 11, and mixing the sewage and sludge to form a mud-water mixture; along with the continuous introduction of the sewage into the vertical anaerobic reaction device, the vertical tank body 1 forms fluidization, and organic matters in the sewage are contacted with anaerobic bacteria to generate degradation reaction. When the liquid level is continuously raised, the liquid level of the mixture in the vertical tank body 1 exceeds the hollow tank body 22, namely the mixture passes through the central diversion hole 27 and the peripheral diversion holes 23 on the hollow tank body and continuously rises, the mixture rises to the top of the vertical tank body along the annular gap between the large-end straight cylinder section and the inner wall of the vertical tank body 1, the gas phase is separated from the liquid phase and the solid phase in the space above the internal circulation cylinder 2 and the lower part of the top end socket, the gas is upwards separated and leaves the reaction device through the gas knockout 17 and the gas outlet 18, the liquid phase and the solid phase enter the internal circulation cylinder, flow downwards along the conical section and enter the small-end straight cylinder section, and return to the vertical tank body 1 through the circulation pipeline 7 arranged on the small-end straight cylinder section to continuously perform degradation reaction with the sewage, and the sewage is purified;
3) Discharge of reaction products: the sewage continuously undergoes biodegradation reaction in circulation to generate methane gas, the reacted sewage is filtered by the filter screen 3 and then is taken as clean water to leave the reaction device through the water outlet pipe 5, and the methane gas and other gases wrapped by the mud-water mixture leave the reaction device through the gas outlet 18;
4) Controlling the sludge content: the content of the sludge in the vertical anaerobic reaction device can be increased or decreased along with the continuous progress of the biodegradation reaction, and in order to control the content of the sludge in the vertical anaerobic reaction device, the redundant sludge in the vertical anaerobic reaction device can be discharged through the public port 14 or insufficient sludge can be supplemented into the reaction device. (ii) a
5) Controlling the reaction temperature: when the thermometer 21 monitors that the temperature in the vertical tank body 1 is within the proper temperature of the strains, the heat-insulating medium inlet 24 is closed, and the discharge pipe 25 is in a closed state under the action of the lower non-return device 26; along with the progress of the biodegradation reaction, if the thermometer 21 detects that the temperature in the vertical tank body 1 deviates from the proper temperature of the strains, the heat-insulating medium enters the hollow box body 22 through the heat-insulating medium inlet 24, enters the vertical tank body 1 from the discharge pipe 25 after the non-return device 26 below the discharge pipe 25 is opened, and adjusts the temperature in the vertical tank body 1; when the temperature in the vertical tank body 1 returns to the proper temperature of the strains again, the heat preservation medium inlet 24 is closed, and the discharge pipe 25 is closed under the action of the lower non-return device 26.
Claims (14)
1. A vertical anaerobic reaction device for sewage treatment is characterized in that: the device comprises a vertical tank body, and a muddy water inlet, a sewage inlet, an internal circulation cylinder, a thermometer, a heat-preservation medium injection device, a heat-preservation medium inlet and a gas outlet which are arranged along the vertical tank body from bottom to top; the muddy water inlet is arranged on the bottom sealing head of the vertical tank body and extends into the vertical tank body, the sewage inlet is arranged on the side surface of the bottom of the vertical tank body, the gas outlet is arranged on the top sealing head, and the thermometer and the heat preservation medium inlet are arranged on the side wall of the vertical tank body; the inner circulation cylinder and the vertical tank body are coaxially arranged, the whole body is funnel-shaped, a large-end straight cylinder section, a large-end conical section and a small-end straight cylinder section are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, the diameter of the large-end straight cylinder section is equal to that of the large end of the conical section, the diameter of the small-end straight cylinder section is equal to that of the small end of the conical section, an annular gap is formed between the large-end straight cylinder section and the inner wall of the vertical tank body, the bottom of the small-end straight cylinder section is closed, a circulation port is formed in the side wall of the bottom of the small-end straight cylinder section, a water outlet is formed in the side wall of the small-end straight cylinder section above the circulation port, a water outlet pipe extending out of the vertical tank body is arranged on the water outlet, and a filter screen is arranged in front of the water outlet in the small-end straight cylinder section; the circulating port is communicated with the muddy water inlet through a circulating pipeline arranged outside the vertical tank body, and a circulating pump is arranged on the circulating pipeline; the heat-insulating medium injection device is arranged below the conical section of the internal circulation cylinder and comprises a hollow cavity, a discharge pipe communicated with the hollow cavity and a backstop arranged at the lower end of the discharge pipe, the hollow cavity is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the vertical tank body and communicated with a heat-insulating medium inlet, and the space in the vertical tank body outside the hollow cavity is communicated into a whole; the inner circulation cylinder is welded or fixed on the inner wall of the vertical tank body or the heat preservation medium injection device through a connecting plate or a bolt.
2. The vertical anaerobic reaction device according to claim 1, wherein: and an impingement baffle is arranged on the inner wall of the top seal head above the annular gap between the large-end straight cylinder section of the inner circulation cylinder and the inner wall of the vertical tank body.
3. The vertical anaerobic reaction device according to claim 2, wherein: and the tail end of the impingement baffle is provided with an annular liquid-solid retaining cylinder.
4. The vertical anaerobic reaction device according to claim 1, wherein: an annular gap between the upper end of the large-end straight barrel section of the internal circulation barrel and the inner wall of the vertical tank body is sealed by an annular plugging plate, a mounting hole is formed in the barrel wall of the large-end straight barrel section, and a cyclone separator is arranged on the mounting hole.
5. The vertical anaerobic reaction device according to claim 1, wherein: the dispersing cylinder is arranged above the muddy water inlet and below the straight cylinder section at the small end of the inner circulating cylinder, the upper end of the muddy water inlet is in leak-free connection with the dispersing cylinder, the dispersing cylinder is coaxially arranged with the vertical tank body, the dispersing cylinder is a circular cylinder, the upper end of the dispersing cylinder is closed, and dispersing holes are uniformly formed in the cylinder wall along the circumference.
6. The vertical anaerobic reaction device according to claim 5, wherein: the dispersing holes are arranged into a plurality of circles, and the diameter of the opening of each dispersing hole is gradually increased from bottom to top along the axial direction of the dispersing cylinder.
7. The vertical anaerobic reaction device according to claim 5, wherein: the sewage distribution pipe is arranged in an annular space between the dispersion cylinder and the vertical tank body, is an annular pipe, is sleeved on the periphery of the dispersion cylinder, is positioned at the bottom of the vertical tank body and is communicated with a sewage inlet, and is provided with jet holes on the pipe wall.
8. The vertical anaerobic reaction device according to claim 7, wherein: the injection direction of the injection hole is downward.
9. The vertical anaerobic reaction device according to claim 7, wherein: the dispersion holes are arranged on the wall of the dispersion barrel higher than the annular plane of the sewage distribution pipe.
10. The vertical anaerobic reaction device according to claim 1, wherein: the hollow cavity is a hollow box body, the hollow box body is in a cake shape, a central flow guide hole and peripheral flow guide holes are formed in the hollow box body, the central flow guide hole and the peripheral flow guide holes penetrate through the upper surface and the lower surface of the hollow box body and are in leak-free connection with the inner space of the hollow box body, the central flow guide hole and the peripheral flow guide holes are communicated with the inner space of the vertical tank body above and below the hollow box body, and materials in the vertical tank body can pass through and are lifted upwards.
11. The vertical anaerobic reaction device according to claim 10, wherein: the hollow box body is divided into a plurality of mutually independent closed areas by partition plates, and each closed area corresponds to a temperature measuring point and a heat preservation medium inlet.
12. The vertical anaerobic reaction device according to claim 10, wherein: the backstop is a backstop valve or a backstop sheet.
13. The vertical anaerobic reaction device according to claim 10, wherein: the non-return device comprises a pre-tensioned spring and a non-return baffle, one end of the pre-tensioned spring is fixed at the lower end of the release pipe, the other end of the pre-tensioned spring is fixedly connected with the non-return baffle, and a sealing gasket is arranged on the upper surface of the non-return baffle.
14. The vertical anaerobic reaction device according to claim 1, wherein: the hollow cavity is a hollow pipeline which is an annular pipe or a straight pipe or is a net-shaped communication structure consisting of the annular pipe and the straight pipe.
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