CN115671425A - Blood purification equipment and storage medium - Google Patents

Blood purification equipment and storage medium Download PDF

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Publication number
CN115671425A
CN115671425A CN202211160191.9A CN202211160191A CN115671425A CN 115671425 A CN115671425 A CN 115671425A CN 202211160191 A CN202211160191 A CN 202211160191A CN 115671425 A CN115671425 A CN 115671425A
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China
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blood
pressure
viscosity
elongated tube
tube
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CN202211160191.9A
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董凡
单峰
李强
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Jafron Biomedical Co Ltd
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Jafron Biomedical Co Ltd
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Priority to CN202211160191.9A priority Critical patent/CN115671425A/en
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Abstract

The present invention provides a blood purification apparatus and a storage medium, a pressure sensor of the blood purification apparatus measures a liquid pressure of an elongated tube to obtain pressure measurement data, the storage medium stores program instructions executable by a processor, the processor is capable of executing: outputting the replacement liquid to the slender pipe according to the pre-flushing starting instruction; calculating the pressure variation of the replacement fluid and the pressure variation time of the replacement fluid according to the pressure measurement data; determining viscosity system parameters according to the viscosity of the preset replacement liquid, the pressure variation of the replacement liquid and the pressure variation time of the replacement liquid; dialyzing the blood through a dialyzer according to a blood treatment instruction, and conveying the dialyzed blood to the slender pipe; calculating a first blood pressure change amount and a first blood pressure change time according to the pressure measurement data; a first blood viscosity is determined based on the viscosity system parameter, the first blood pressure change amount, and the first blood pressure change time. The invention solves the problem that the blood viscosity can not be detected in the hemodialysis treatment process.

Description

Blood purification equipment and storage medium
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of blood purification, in particular to blood purification equipment and a storage medium.
Background
The blood purifying equipment leads the human blood out of the body, then filters out specific molecular substances in the blood, and then returns the purified blood into the human body so as to achieve the effect of disease treatment. The blood purification treatment mode can be classified into hemodialysis, hemofiltration, hemodiafiltration, hemoperfusion, plasmapheresis, immunoadsorption, peritoneal dialysis and other treatment modes according to the blood purification principle. Different blood purification treatment modalities are applicable to different clinical conditions, such as: treating various diseases such as unstable cardiovascular function, high catabolism or acute and chronic renal failure in cerebral water, multiple organ dysfunction syndrome, acute respiratory distress syndrome, extrusion syndrome, acute necrotizing pancreatitis, chronic heart failure, hepatic encephalopathy, and drug and toxic substance poisoning.
Blood purification treatment needs to be performed by means of blood purification equipment, and for example, in a hemodialysis treatment mode, blood of a patient and dialysate with standard ion concentration are simultaneously introduced into a dialyzer, and the dialysate and the blood are arranged on two sides of a hollow fiber membrane, and redundant water in the patient is removed at a proper speed by utilizing the dispersion, convection, ultrafiltration and other effects of the hollow fiber membrane, so that the aim of correcting water electrolyte and acid-base balance is fulfilled. In order to ensure the safety of a patient during the hemodialysis treatment, the hemodynamic parameters during the hemodialysis treatment are monitored in real time so as to effectively inhibit complications such as hypertension generated during the dialysis process, vascular atrophy caused by severe dehydration and the like. Blood viscosity, one of the hemodynamic parameters, is an important index reflecting the flow property of blood, and normal blood viscosity is an important condition for ensuring normal circulation of blood in vitro. When the viscosity of blood increases during extracorporeal blood circulation, this can lead to problems with clotting, thrombosis, etc., and cause cardiovascular-related complications.
In the prior art, when the blood viscosity of a patient is measured, the blood routine or the blood viscosity of the patient can be tested only before or after dialysis, and the viscosity tester and the blood tester are used for testing in the testing process, so that the blood viscosity of the patient cannot be detected in the hemodialysis treatment process, a user cannot evaluate the hemodialysis treatment of the patient according to the detected blood viscosity, the practical value and the reliability of the blood viscosity measuring process are reduced, and the safety of the hemodialysis treatment of the patient is further reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problem that the blood viscosity cannot be detected in the hemodialysis treatment process in the prior art.
To solve the above problems, a first aspect of the present invention provides a blood purification apparatus comprising: the device comprises an elongated tube, a power assembly, a dialyzer, an arterial tube, a venous tube, a pressure sensor, a processor and a memory, wherein the arterial tube is connected with a blood input end of the dialyzer, the venous tube is connected with a blood output end of the dialyzer, a first end of the elongated tube is connected with the venous tube, a second end of the elongated tube is connected with the power assembly, and the processor is electrically connected with the memory and the pressure sensor through a bus;
the pressure sensor is used for measuring the liquid pressure of the slender pipe to obtain pressure measurement data;
the memory stores program instructions executable by the processor, the processor invoking the program instructions to perform a method comprising:
outputting a replacement fluid to the arterial line, the dialyzer and the venous line and to the elongated tube through the power assembly according to a priming start instruction output by a user;
calculating a displacement fluid pressure change amount of the elongated tube and a displacement fluid pressure change time of the elongated tube based on the pressure measurement data;
determining viscosity system parameters according to preset viscosity of replacement fluid, the replacement fluid pressure variation of the elongated tube and the replacement fluid pressure variation time of the elongated tube;
according to a blood treatment instruction output by a user, dialyzing blood through the dialyzer, and outputting the dialyzed blood to the elongated tube through the power assembly;
calculating a first blood pressure change amount of the elongated tube and a first blood pressure change time of the elongated tube from the pressure measurement data;
a first blood viscosity is determined based on the viscosity system parameter, a first blood pressure change of the elongate tube, and a first blood pressure change time of the elongate tube.
A second aspect of the invention provides a computer-readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program which, when executed by a processor, implements a method of:
outputting the replacement liquid to an arterial pipeline, a dialyzer and a venous pipeline according to a pre-flushing starting instruction output by a user, and outputting the replacement liquid to a slender pipe through a power assembly;
calculating a displacement fluid pressure variation amount of the elongated tube and a displacement fluid pressure variation time of the elongated tube based on the pressure measurement data;
determining viscosity system parameters according to preset viscosity of replacement fluid, the replacement fluid pressure variation of the elongated tube and the replacement fluid pressure variation time of the elongated tube;
according to a blood treatment instruction output by a user, dialyzing blood through the dialyzer, and outputting the dialyzed blood to the elongated tube through the power assembly;
calculating a first blood pressure change amount of the elongated tube and a first blood pressure change time of the elongated tube from the pressure measurement data;
a first blood viscosity is determined based on the viscosity system parameter, a first blood pressure change of the elongate tube, and a first blood pressure change time of the elongate tube.
The blood purification equipment and the computer readable storage medium provided by the invention utilize the operation steps in the hemodialysis process, obtain the viscosity system parameters necessary in the viscosity detection process in advance in the priming stage so as to provide a data base for the calculation process of the blood viscosity in the later stage, and facilitate the accurate calculation of the blood viscosity of a patient when the patient performs hemodialysis; in addition, the method for determining the blood viscosity skillfully utilizes the time-dependent change of the pressure when the fluid medium is sucked, can effectively obtain the blood viscosity value, has low detection cost, high detection feasibility and high detection reliability, and can detect the blood viscosity in real time in the hemodialysis process so that medical personnel can refer to the evaluation process of the hemodialysis effect according to the blood viscosity, thereby avoiding the occurrence of cardiovascular and other related complications of a patient, further ensuring the safety of the patient in hemodialysis, and overcoming the problem of low safety of hemodialysis treatment of the patient caused by the fact that the blood viscosity of the patient cannot be detected in the hemodialysis process in the prior art.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a first structure of a blood purification apparatus provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a second structure of the blood purification apparatus provided in the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a third structure of the blood purification apparatus provided in the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic flow chart of a method performed by a processor of the blood purification apparatus provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a graph showing a first blood viscosity profile over time in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a graph showing a variation curve of a target dehydration amount and a second blood viscosity in an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a display screen of the blood purification apparatus provided in the embodiment of the present invention.
Description of the reference numerals:
1-an elongated tube; 2-a power assembly; 3-a dialyzer; 4-arterial line; 5-venous line; 6-a pressure sensor; 7-a blood detector; 8-blood pump; 9-a heparin pump; 10-a first fluid storage bag; 11-a second liquid storage bag; 12-a third fluid storage bag; 13-a filtration pump; 14-a dialysate pump; 15-substitution liquid pump; 16-venous pot; 17-a liquid level detector; 18-pre substitution; 19-post-substitution; 20-a first heater; 21-a first cutout detector; 22-a leakage detector; 23-a second heater; 24-a second cutout detector; 25-a bubble detector; 26-display.
Detailed Description
The following describes the technical solutions of the present application and how to solve the above technical problems with specific embodiments. These several specific embodiments may be combined with each other below, and details of the same or similar concepts or processes may not be repeated in some embodiments. Embodiments of the present application will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
It is noted that examples of the embodiments of the present application are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are exemplary only for the purpose of explaining the present application and are not to be construed as limiting the present application.
As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It will be further understood that the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising," when used in this specification, specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and/or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof. It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "connected" or "coupled" to another element, it can be directly connected or coupled to the other element or intervening elements may also be present. Further, "connected" or "coupled" as used herein may include wirelessly connected or wirelessly coupled. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes all or any element and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
Referring to fig. 1 and fig. 2, fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a blood purification apparatus in the embodiment of the present application, and fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of another embodiment of the blood purification apparatus in the embodiment of the present application. The blood purification apparatus includes: the blood circulation monitoring device comprises an elongated tube 1, a power component 2, a dialyzer 3, an arterial tube 4, a venous tube 5 and a pressure sensor 6, wherein the arterial tube 4 is connected with a blood input end of the dialyzer 3, the venous tube 5 is connected with a blood output end of the dialyzer 3, a first end of the elongated tube 1 is connected with the venous tube 5, a second end of the elongated tube 1 is connected with the power component 2, the arterial tube 4 outputs blood of a patient to the dialyzer 3, the blood is subjected to hemodialysis through the dialyzer 3, the venous tube 5 feeds the blood after the hemodialysis back to veins of a human body, the power component 2 provides driving force to enable the elongated tube 1 to be connected into liquid in the venous tube, and the power component 2 can control pressure difference at two ends of the elongated tube 1 so as to control the liquid flow rate and liquid flow time in the elongated tube 1; a pressure sensor 6 is provided on the elongated tube 1, and pressure measurement data can be obtained by measuring the pressure of the liquid inside the elongated tube 1 by the pressure sensor 6.
The blood purification apparatus further comprises: a blood detector 7 for detecting the presence of blood in the venous line 5; the blood pump 8 controls the running speed and the running direction of the blood pump 8 and can change the flow speed and the flow direction of the blood in the arterial pipeline 4; a heparin pump 9 for injecting heparin; a first fluid storage bag 10 for storing a filtrate; a second fluid storage bag 11 for storing dialysate; a third liquid storage bag 12 for storing a replacement liquid; a filtration pump 13 located between one end of the dialyzer 3 and the first fluid storage bag 10; a dialysate pump 14 located between the other end of the dialyzer 3 and the second liquid storage bag 11; a substitution liquid pump 15 provided at the front end of the third liquid storage bag 12; a venous pot 16 between the dialyzer 3 and the venous line 5, and a liquid level detector 17 on the venous pot 16; an anterior replacement 18 and a posterior replacement 19 between the arterial line 4 and the venous pot 16; a first heater 20 located between the dialyzer 3 and the dialysate pump 14, a first cut-off detector 21 located between the dialysate pump 14 and the second liquid storage bag 11; a leakage detector 22 located between the dialyzer 3 and the filtration pump 13; a second heater 23 between the rear substitution pump 19 and the substitution liquid pump 15, and a second cut detector 24 between the substitution liquid pump 15 and the third liquid storage bag 12; a bubble detector 25 located on the venous line 5.
To better explain the method for detecting the viscosity of blood by the blood purification apparatus in the embodiment of the present application, the following description is made on the principle of detecting the viscosity of liquid:
and (3) viscosity detection principle: according to the hydrodynamics poiseuille law:
Q＝ΔP×πR 4 /(8μL)
wherein Q is the flow rate in m 3 And/s, R is the radius of the slender pipe 1, the unit m, delta P is the pressure drop at the inlet and outlet of the slender pipe 1, the unit Pa, L is the length of the slender pipe 1, the unit m, u is the dynamic viscosity, and the unit Pa.s.
Since the damping generated by the liquid is close to u (viscosity) x t (the time period for which the power injector sucks the liquid) when the liquid is sucked into the slender tube 1, the change factor at this time is linear only with the damping, i.e., the change value of Δ P1 = ku x t, and the formula is converted to obtain: u = Δ P1/k × t, where Δ P1 represents a variation amount of the fluid pressure in the elongated tube 1, t represents a variation time of the fluid pressure in the elongated tube 1, and k represents a system parameter; both Δ P1 and t are values that can be obtained by measurement, and k is only associated with the tubing structure of the blood purification apparatus itself.
Therefore, in the embodiment, in the priming stage, the flow state of the replacement fluid in the elongated tube 1 is utilized to determine the k value, and then in the blood treatment stage, the flow state of the blood in the elongated tube 1 is utilized to calculate the viscosity of the blood, so that the hemodynamic parameter-blood viscosity can be detected in real time in the hemodialysis process, so that the medical staff can refer to the evaluation process of the hemodialysis effect to further ensure the safety and the efficiency of hemodialysis of the patient.
Referring to fig. 3 and 4, the blood purification apparatus provided in the embodiment of the present application further includes: a processor 301 and a memory 303, wherein the processor 301 is electrically connected to the memory 303 and the pressure sensor 6 via a bus 302, the memory 303 stores program instructions executable by the processor 301, and the processor 301 calls the program instructions to perform the following method:
and step S410, outputting the replacement fluid to the arterial pipeline 4, the dialyzer 3 and the venous pipeline 5 according to a pre-flushing starting instruction output by a user, and outputting the replacement fluid to the slender pipe 1 through the power assembly 2.
Before starting the blood purification apparatus, the blood purification apparatus needs to be piped, that is, the blood purification apparatus is connected according to a schematic structural diagram (for example, as shown in fig. 1) and tight connection between different components is ensured, and there is no connection gap, for example, a first end of the arterial line 4 is connected to a blood input end of the dialyzer 3, a second end of the arterial line 4 is connected to an artery of a patient, and so on, so that the blood purification apparatus can be ensured to be in a normal physical connection state.
After the blood purification equipment is mounted in the tube, a priming start instruction can be sent out, the processor is used for controlling the blood purification equipment to enter a priming stage according to the priming start instruction, the priming stage is an essential step in the running process of the blood purification equipment, and after the priming stage, residual impurities in the arterial pipeline 4, the dialyzer 3 and the venous pipeline 5 can be prevented from influencing the subsequent blood treatment process. Referring to fig. 1, a priming stage is described, in which one end of the arterial line 4 is connected to a third liquid storage bag 12, the third liquid storage bag 12 is used for storing a substitution liquid, the other end of the venous line 5 is connected to a waste liquid bag, one end of the arterial line 4 is connected to the substitution liquid, the substitution liquid sequentially flows through the arterial line 4, the dialyzer 3 and the venous line 5 to flush the lines in the blood purification apparatus, the flushed substitution liquid becomes waste liquid, the waste liquid bag stores the waste liquid, and when the flowing substitution liquid exists in the venous line 5, the power assembly 2 provides a driving force to enable the slender tube 1 to suck the substitution liquid from the venous line 5, even if the substitution liquid is output to the slender tube 1 through the power assembly 2.
The slender tube 1 in the embodiment can be a small-hole slender tube with the diameter of 1mm and the length of 200mm, and the small-hole slender tube can simulate the flowing mode of blood in a capillary vessel, so that the pressure sensor 6 can more accurately detect the pressure variation of the slender tube 1 and can avoid the phenomenon of liquid waste in the venous pipeline 5.
Step S420 is to calculate the amount of change in the replacement fluid pressure of the elongated tube 1 and the replacement fluid pressure change time of the elongated tube 1 based on the pressure measurement data.
When the elongated tube 1 is immersed in the replacement fluid, the pressure of the replacement fluid in the elongated tube 1 gradually increases, for example: the displacement fluid pressure variation of the elongated tube 1 is 100mmHg (a positive displacement fluid pressure variation represents that the displacement fluid pressure of the elongated tube 1 gradually increases, and a negative displacement fluid pressure variation represents that the displacement fluid pressure of the elongated tube 1 gradually decreases), the pressure sensor 6 is capable of measuring the displacement fluid pressure of the elongated tube 1 to obtain pressure measurement data, and calculating the displacement fluid pressure variation of the elongated tube 1 and the displacement fluid pressure variation time of the elongated tube 1 from the pressure measurement data.
Specifically, as an alternative embodiment, referring to fig. 1, a pressure sensor 6 may be provided at the first end of the elongated tube 1, and the amount of change in the pressure of the replacement fluid in the elongated tube 1 may be calculated based on the pressure measurement data, including:
if the total amount of the replacement fluid received by the elongated tube 1 is greater than or equal to the preset volume, the pressure sensor 6 measures the value of the pressure of the replacement fluid in the elongated tube 1, and the amount of change in the pressure of the replacement fluid in the elongated tube 1 is calculated according to the value of the pressure of the replacement fluid in the elongated tube 1 and the value of the pressure of the replacement fluid not received by the elongated tube 1.
Wherein the preset volume is a value set in advance, and the preset volume is related to the diameter of the slender tube 1 and the length of the slender tube 1, and can be set by those skilled in the art according to actual situations, for example: the diameter of the slender tube 1 is 1mm, the length of the slender tube 1 is 200mm, the preset volume can be 200uL, and when the total amount of the replacement fluid accessed by the slender tube 1 is detected to be greater than or equal to 200uL, the pressure sensor 6 is adopted to measure the value of the replacement fluid pressure of the slender tube 1.
Replacement fluid pressure variation = second pressure detection value — first pressure detection value, where the first pressure detection value represents a replacement fluid pressure value of the elongated tube 1 measured by the pressure sensor 6 when the elongated tube 1 does not receive replacement fluid; the second pressure detection value represents a value of the displacement liquid pressure of the elongated tube 1 measured by the pressure sensor 6 when the total amount of the displacement liquid accessed by the elongated tube 1 is greater than or equal to a preset volume. For example: when the slender tube 1 is not filled with the replacement fluid, the pressure of the replacement fluid in the slender tube 1 measured by the pressure sensor 6 is 10mmHg, when the total amount of the replacement fluid filled in the slender tube 1 is greater than or equal to 200uL and the replacement fluid is output to the slender tube 1 through the power assembly 2, the pressure of the replacement fluid in the slender tube 1 measured by the pressure sensor 6 is 100mmHg, and the amount of change of the pressure of the replacement fluid is 100mmHg-10mmHg =90mmHg.
As another alternative, referring to fig. 2, the pressure sensor 6 may also include a first pressure sensor and a second pressure sensor, the first pressure sensor being located at the first end of the elongated tube 1, the second pressure sensor being located at the second end of the elongated tube 1, and the amount of change in the pressure of the substitution fluid in the elongated tube 1 is calculated based on the pressure measurement data, including:
after the slender tube 1 is connected with the replacement liquid, a first pressure sensor is used for detecting a replacement liquid pressure value of a first end of the slender tube 1 to obtain a first pressure detection value, a second pressure sensor is used for detecting a replacement liquid pressure value of a second end of the slender tube 1 to obtain a second pressure detection value, and the replacement liquid pressure variation of the slender tube 1 is calculated according to the difference value between the first pressure detection value and the second pressure detection value.
Wherein, the first pressure detection value represents the replacement fluid pressure that the slender tube 1 inserts from the venous line 5, and the second pressure detection value represents the pressure that the power module 2 inhales the replacement fluid from the slender tube 1, according to the difference between first pressure detection value and the second pressure detection value, just can obtain the replacement fluid pressure variation of slender tube 1 to the viscosity system parameter of the convenient follow-up calculation blood of patient's blood and the first blood viscosity.
There is a one-to-one correspondence relationship between the time of change of the replacement hydraulic pressure of the elongated tube 1 and the amount of change of the replacement hydraulic pressure of the elongated tube 1, and the time of change of the replacement hydraulic pressure of the elongated tube 1 represents a time period during which the replacement hydraulic pressure of the elongated tube 1 changes, for example: the amount of change in the pressure of the replacement fluid in the elongated tube 1 is 100mmHg, and the time at which the pressure of the replacement fluid in the elongated tube 1 changes is the time corresponding to the change in the pressure of the replacement fluid in the elongated tube 1 of 100 mmHg.
Specifically, as an alternative embodiment, calculating the time of change of the replacement fluid pressure of the elongated tube 1 based on the pressure measurement data includes:
if the total amount of the replacement fluid received by the elongated tube 1 is greater than or equal to the preset volume, the time point when the elongated tube 1 does not receive the replacement fluid is taken as a time starting point, the time point when the total amount of the replacement fluid received by the elongated tube 1 is greater than or equal to the preset volume is taken as a time cut-off point, and the replacement fluid pressure change time of the elongated tube 1 = the time cut-off point-the time starting point.
Step S430, determining viscosity system parameters according to the preset viscosity of the replacement fluid, the change amount of the replacement fluid pressure of the elongated tube 1, and the change time of the replacement fluid pressure of the elongated tube 1.
In general, the displacement fluid is water for injection, the viscosity of water is usually a fixed value, and the water has no concentration problem, and those skilled in the art can determine the viscosity of water by referring to the related technical literature and approximately fit the viscosity of the displacement fluid preset by the viscosity of water, for example: the viscosity of water was 100pa.s, and the viscosity of the replacement liquid was 100pa.s.
The viscosity of the preset replacement fluid, the replacement fluid pressure variation of the elongated tube 1 and the replacement fluid pressure variation time of the elongated tube 1 are determined, and the viscosity system parameter can be calculated by the following formula:
the viscosity system parameter k = displacement fluid pressure change amount/(preset displacement fluid viscosity × displacement fluid pressure change time).
Step S440, according to the blood treatment instruction output by the user, dialyzing the blood by the dialyzer 3, and outputting the dialyzed blood to the elongated tube 1 by the power assembly 2.
After the blood purification equipment passes through the priming stage, the processor controls the blood purification equipment to enter the blood treatment stage, and after the user outputs a blood treatment instruction, the processor controls the blood purification equipment to enter the blood treatment stage according to the blood treatment instruction. In the blood treatment stage, blood is introduced into one end of the arterial line 4, the blood sequentially flows through the arterial line 4, the dialyzer 3 and the venous line 5, the dialyzer 3 is controlled to perform hemodialysis on the blood, the hemodialysis blood is returned to the vein of a patient through the venous line 5, when flowing blood exists in the venous line 5, the power assembly 2 provides driving force, so that the slender tube 1 sucks the blood from the venous line 5, namely the slender tube 1 is connected with the blood through the power assembly 2.
Step S450, calculating a first blood pressure change amount of the elongated tube 1 and a first blood pressure change time of the elongated tube 1 based on the pressure measurement data.
When the slender tube 1 is accessed with blood, the blood pressure of the slender tube 1 may gradually increase, for example: the blood pressure variation of the elongated tube 1 is 100mmHg (a positive blood pressure variation represents that the blood pressure of the elongated tube 1 gradually increases, and a negative blood pressure variation represents that the blood pressure of the elongated tube 1 gradually decreases), the pressure sensor 6 can measure the blood pressure of the elongated tube 1, obtain pressure measurement data, and calculate a first blood pressure variation of the elongated tube 1 and a first blood pressure variation time of the elongated tube 1 according to the pressure measurement data.
Specifically, as an alternative embodiment, referring to fig. 1, a pressure sensor 6 may be disposed at a first end of the elongated tube 1, and the calculating a first blood pressure variation of the elongated tube 1 according to the pressure measurement data includes:
if the total amount of blood received by the slender tube 1 is larger than or equal to the preset volume, the pressure sensor 6 measures the blood pressure value of the slender tube 1, and the first blood pressure variation of the slender tube 1 is calculated according to the blood pressure value of the slender tube 1 and the pressure value of blood not received by the slender tube 1.
Wherein the preset volume is a value set in advance, and the preset volume is related to the diameter of the slender tube 1 and the length of the slender tube 1, and can be set by those skilled in the art according to actual situations, for example: the diameter of the slender tube 1 is 1mm, the length of the slender tube 1 is 200mm, the preset volume can be 200uL, and when the total amount of blood received by the slender tube 1 is detected to be greater than or equal to 200uL, the pressure sensor 6 is adopted to measure the blood pressure value of the slender tube 1.
First blood pressure change = fourth pressure detection value — third pressure detection value, where the third pressure detection value represents a blood pressure value of the elongated tube 1 measured by the pressure sensor 6 when blood is not taken in the elongated tube 1; the fourth pressure detection value represents a blood pressure value of the slender tube 1 measured by the pressure sensor 6 when the total amount of blood received by the slender tube 1 is greater than or equal to a preset volume.
As another alternative, referring to fig. 2, the pressure sensor 6 may also include a first pressure sensor and a second pressure sensor, the first pressure sensor is located at the first end of the elongated tube 1, the second pressure sensor is located at the second end of the elongated tube 1, and the calculating the first blood pressure variation of the elongated tube 1 according to the pressure measurement data includes:
after the slender tube 1 is connected with blood, a first pressure sensor detects a blood pressure value of a first end of the slender tube 1 to obtain a third pressure detection value, a second pressure sensor detects a blood pressure value of a second end of the slender tube 1 to obtain a fourth pressure detection value, and a first blood pressure variation of the slender tube 1 is calculated according to a difference value between the third pressure detection value and the fourth pressure detection value.
Wherein, the third pressure detection value represents the blood pressure that the slender tube 1 inserts from the venous line 5, and the fourth pressure detection value represents the pressure that power module 2 inhales blood from the slender tube 1, according to the difference between third pressure detection value and the fourth pressure detection value, just can obtain the first blood pressure variation of slender tube 1 to the first blood viscosity of patient's blood of the follow-up calculation of being convenient for.
There is a one-to-one correspondence between the first blood pressure change time of the elongated tube 1 and the first blood pressure change amount of the elongated tube 1, and the first blood pressure change time of the elongated tube 1 represents a time period during which the first blood pressure of the elongated tube 1 changes.
Specifically, as an alternative embodiment, calculating a first blood pressure change time of the elongated tube 1 based on the pressure measurement data includes:
if the total amount of blood received by the slender tube 1 is greater than or equal to the preset volume, the time point when the slender tube 1 does not receive blood is taken as a time starting point, the time point when the total amount of blood received by the slender tube 1 is greater than or equal to the preset volume is taken as a time cut-off point, and the blood pressure change time of the slender tube 1 = the time cut-off point-time starting point.
Step S460, determining a first blood viscosity according to the viscosity system parameter, the first blood pressure variation of the elongated tube 1, and the first blood pressure variation time of the elongated tube 1.
Determining the viscosity system parameter k, the first blood pressure change of the elongated tube 1 and the first blood pressure change time of the elongated tube 1, the first blood viscosity may be calculated by the following formula:
first blood viscosity = first blood pressure change amount/(viscosity system parameter k × first blood pressure change time).
The first blood pressure change, the viscosity system parameter k, and the first blood pressure change time are known quantities, and the first blood viscosity can be calculated according to the above formula. In this embodiment, the first blood viscosity can be obtained during the blood treatment phase, and the hemodialysis state of the patient can be monitored based on the first blood viscosity.
The blood purification equipment provided by the embodiment of the application utilizes the operation steps in the hemodialysis process to obtain the necessary viscosity system parameters in the viscosity detection process in advance in the pre-flushing stage so as to provide a data base for the calculation process of the blood viscosity in the later stage, and is convenient for accurately calculating the blood viscosity of a patient when the patient performs hemodialysis; in addition, in the embodiment of the application, the pressure change along with the time when the fluid medium is sucked is ingeniously utilized, so that the method for determining the blood viscosity can effectively obtain the blood viscosity value, the detection cost is low, the detection feasibility is high, the detection reliability is high, the blood viscosity can be detected in real time in the hemodialysis process, so that medical staff can refer to the evaluation process of the hemodialysis effect according to the blood viscosity, the patient is prevented from having cardiovascular and other related complications, the safety of the patient in hemodialysis is further ensured, and the problem that the safety of hemodialysis treatment of the patient is low due to the fact that the blood viscosity of the patient cannot be detected in the hemodialysis process in the prior art is solved.
On the basis of the above embodiment, the blood purification apparatus further comprises a display screen 26, and after determining the first blood viscosity according to the viscosity system parameter, the first blood pressure variation amount of the elongated tube 1 and the first blood pressure variation time of the elongated tube 1 at step S460, further comprises:
the processor is also configured to display the first blood viscosity profile over time via the display screen 26.
The first blood viscosity is not a fixed value, but is a value obtained by real-time detection and calculation in the blood treatment stage, and the first blood viscosity obtained at different time can also change in the blood treatment stage, so that a change curve of the first blood viscosity along with time can be drawn, and a user can judge the hemodialysis treatment effect of a patient according to the change curve of the first blood viscosity along with time.
Fig. 5 is a time-dependent change curve of the first blood viscosity, and in combination with fig. 5, in general, the first blood viscosity gradually increases with time, so that a user can obtain the hemodialysis treatment effect of a patient according to the time-dependent change curve of the first blood viscosity, and can obtain the fluctuation state of the hemodialysis treatment according to the time-dependent change curve of the first blood viscosity, thereby ensuring the safety of the hemodialysis treatment of the patient. For example, when the first blood viscosity change curve with time becomes a horizontal line, it indicates that the blood treatment stage is in a failure state, and the user can timely deal with the failure state of the dialyzer 3 according to the first blood viscosity change curve with time displayed on the display screen 26, thereby ensuring the safety of the hemodialysis treatment of the patient.
The hemodialysis treatment effect includes a plurality of indexes such as the dehydration amount of the dialyzer and the urea removal rate of the dialyzer in blood, and a person skilled in the art can determine whether the indexes are normal or not according to the time-dependent change curve of the first blood viscosity.
On the basis of the above embodiment, before dialyzing the blood by the dialyzer 3 according to the blood treatment instruction output by the user in step S440 and outputting the dialyzed blood to the elongated tube 1 by the power assembly 2, the processor is further configured to:
and judging whether the time for accessing the replacement liquid into the arterial pipeline 4 is greater than the preset priming time or not, and if the time for accessing the replacement liquid into the arterial pipeline 4 is greater than the preset priming time, sending a blood-drawing starting instruction.
The control process of the blood purification device can be sequentially as follows: the priming stage, the blood-drawing stage and the blood treatment stage, when the time for connecting the arterial pipeline 4 into the replacement liquid is longer than the preset priming time, the priming stage of the blood purification equipment is finished, and the blood purification equipment can be controlled to enter the blood-drawing stage through a blood-drawing starting instruction. The preset priming time represents the maximum time for priming the blood purification apparatus, and can be set by a person skilled in the art according to clinical experience, for example, in a hemodialysis mode, the preset priming time is usually 5min to 8min.
On the basis of the above embodiment, the blood purification apparatus further includes a blood detector 7, the blood detector 7 is disposed on the venous line 5, specifically, a first end of the venous line 5 is connected to a blood output end of the dialyzer 3, a second end of the venous line 5 is connected to a vein of a patient, a first end of the elongated tube 1 is connected to a connection point of the venous line 5, the blood detector 7 is located on a line between the connection point of the venous line 5 and the second end of the venous line 5, the blood detector 7 is configured to detect whether blood exists in the venous line 5, and the processor is further configured to perform:
according to a blood-leading starting instruction output by a user, blood is output to the arterial line 4, the dialyzer 3 and the venous line 5, and when the blood detector 7 detects the existence of blood in the venous line 5, the blood is output to the slender tube 1 through the power assembly 2.
In the blood leading stage, blood is introduced through the arterial line 4, the blood flows through the arterial line 4, the dialyzer 3 and the venous line 5 in sequence, the blood detector 7 detects whether the blood exists in the venous line 5 by using the principle of light sensing, and when the blood detector 7 detects that the blood exists in the venous line 5, the power assembly 2 is controlled to provide driving force, so that the slender tube 1 sucks the blood from the venous line 5, namely the blood is output to the slender tube 1 through the power assembly 2.
A second blood pressure change amount of the elongated tube 1 and a second blood pressure change time of the elongated tube 1 are calculated based on the pressure measurement data.
When the slender tube 1 is connected with blood, the blood pressure of the slender tube 1 will gradually increase, the pressure sensor 6 can measure the blood pressure of the slender tube 1 to obtain pressure measurement data, and calculate the second blood pressure variation of the slender tube 1 and the second blood pressure variation time of the slender tube 1 according to the pressure measurement data, wherein, the method for calculating the second blood pressure variation of the slender tube 1 and the second blood pressure variation time of the slender tube 1 according to the pressure measurement data is the same as the method for calculating the first blood pressure variation of the slender tube 1 and the first blood pressure variation time of the slender tube 1 according to the pressure measurement data, and the description is omitted here.
A second blood viscosity is determined based on the viscosity system parameter, a second blood pressure change amount of the elongated tube 1, and a second blood pressure change time of the elongated tube 1.
After determining the viscosity system parameter k, the second blood pressure change amount of the elongated tube 1 and the second blood pressure change time of the elongated tube 1, the second blood viscosity may be calculated by the following formula:
second blood viscosity = second blood pressure change/(viscosity system parameter k × second blood pressure change time).
It should be noted that the first blood viscosity and the second blood viscosity have completely different physiological reference values. The first blood viscosity is the blood viscosity of the patient detected in the blood treatment stage and represents the blood viscosity in the blood treatment stage; the second blood viscosity is the patient's blood viscosity measured during the priming phase, and represents the patient's blood viscosity prior to hemodialysis. When a patient is undergoing hemodialysis treatment, the viscosity of the patient's blood is generally low during the priming phase (because there is relatively much water in the patient's blood); in the blood treatment phase, the blood viscosity of the patient is usually relatively high (because the blood of the patient removes the excess water in the blood after hemodialysis), and the dehydration effect of the dialyzer can be judged according to the first blood viscosity and the second blood viscosity.
On the basis of the above embodiment, the processor is further configured to perform:
the dehydrating effect of the dialyzer 3 is judged based on the difference between the first blood viscosity and the second blood viscosity.
Wherein the first blood viscosity represents a blood viscosity of the blood treatment period and the second blood viscosity represents a blood viscosity before hemodialysis. The difference value between the first blood viscosity and the second blood viscosity represents the variation of the blood viscosity of the patient after hemodialysis, the larger the difference value between the first blood viscosity and the second blood viscosity is, the larger the dehydration amount of the patient after hemodialysis is, and the smaller the difference value between the first blood viscosity and the second blood viscosity is, the smaller the dehydration amount of the patient after hemodialysis is, and the patient dehydrates the blood through the dialyzer 3 during hemodialysis, normally, the blood viscosity of the patient gradually increases along with the increase of hemodialysis treatment time, so that the first blood viscosity increases along with the increase of hemodialysis treatment time, and when the difference value between the first blood viscosity and the second blood viscosity is larger, the better the dehydration effect of the dialyzer 3 is, and the larger the actual dehydration amount of the blood of the patient is; when the difference between the first blood viscosity and the second blood viscosity is smaller, the dehydration effect of the dialyzer 3 is also poorer, the actual dehydration amount of the blood of the patient is smaller, and according to the difference between the first blood viscosity and the second blood viscosity, the dehydration effect of the dialyzer 3 is directly judged without calculating the actual dehydration amount of the blood of the patient and then judging the dehydration effect of the dialyzer 3, so that the step of judging the dehydration effect of the dialyzer 3 is simplified, the judgment precision is improved, and the method for judging the dehydration effect of the dialyzer 3 in the embodiment is scientific and reasonable.
On the basis of the above-described embodiment, the dehydration effect of the dialyzer 3 is judged according to the difference between the first blood viscosity and the second blood viscosity, and specifically, the following method may be adopted:
if the difference value between the first blood viscosity and the second blood viscosity is judged to meet the first preset condition, the dehydration effect of the dialyzer 3 is poor, and a first prompt is sent;
if the difference value between the first blood viscosity and the second blood viscosity is judged to meet the second preset condition, the dehydrating effect of the dialyzer 3 is good, and a second prompt is sent;
if the difference between the first blood viscosity and the second blood viscosity is judged to meet a third preset condition, the dehydrating effect of the dialyzer 3 is good, and a third prompt is sent;
wherein, the first preset condition is as follows: the viscosity of the first blood-the viscosity of the second blood is less than or equal to a first preset difference value;
the second preset condition is as follows: the first preset difference value is less than the first blood viscosity and the second blood viscosity is less than or equal to the second preset difference value;
the third preset condition is as follows: the second predetermined difference < | first blood viscosity-second blood viscosity |.
The first preset difference and the second preset difference are both preset values, and those skilled in the art may set the values according to clinical experience, which is not further limited in the embodiments of the present application, for example: the first predetermined difference is 10pa.s, and the second predetermined difference is 30pa.s.
According to the relation between the first blood viscosity and the second blood viscosity and the first preset difference and the second preset difference in the embodiment, the dehydration effect of the dialyzer 3 is divided into three grades, which are poor, general and good, and different dehydration effects give different prompts, so that the actual dehydration effect of the dialyzer 3 can be clearly known. The first prompt, the second prompt and the third prompt may be different light source prompts, or may be different sound prompts, for example: first suggestion can be ruddiness, and the second suggestion is the blue light, and the third suggestion is the green glow, and when the user saw the light source of different colours, according to the actual dehydration effect of different light sources alright know cerini dialyser cerini 3 to can directly know patient's actual hemodialysis state.
On the basis of the above embodiment, after determining the second blood viscosity based on the viscosity system parameter, the second blood pressure variation amount of the elongated tube 1, and the second blood pressure variation time of the elongated tube 1, further comprising:
a target amount of dehydration of the dialyzer 3 is determined based on the second blood viscosity and the processor is further configured to display the target amount of dehydration of the dialyzer 3 via the display screen 26.
Wherein the second blood viscosity represents the water content within the patient's blood prior to hemodialysis, such as: the second blood viscosity is 50pa.s and the target dehydration amount of the dialyzer 3 represents a specific total amount of moisture that the patient removes from the patient's blood during the blood treatment session. A negative correlation exists between the second blood viscosity and the target dehydration amount, namely, when the second blood viscosity is higher, the water content in the blood of the patient is not high, the blood of the patient is dehydrated, and the target dehydration amount is lower; when the viscosity of the second blood is lower, it indicates that the water content in the patient's blood is higher, and the patient's blood is dehydrated, and the target water content is higher. There is also a one-to-one correspondence between the second blood viscosity and the target dehydration amount, and fig. 6 is a graph showing the relationship between the second blood viscosity and the target dehydration amount, and fig. 6 is a graph showing the correspondence between the second blood viscosity and the target dehydration amount summarized by those skilled in the art according to clinical experience. After the second blood viscosity is determined, the corresponding target dehydration amount at the second blood viscosity can be determined according to the graph corresponding to fig. 6. From this, at the blood treatment stage, when cerini dialyser cerini 3 dialyses blood, can detect the actual dehydration volume of cerini dialyser cerini 3, the actual dehydration volume when cerini dialyser cerini 3 equals target dehydration volume, then steerable cerini dialyser cerini 3 stops to carry out hemodialysis, thereby make the patient reach best hemodialysis treatment effect, according to second blood viscosity science in this embodiment, rationally confirm the target dehydration volume of cerini dialyser cerini 3, be convenient for can suspend the hemodialysis process in suitable time at later stage control cerini dialyser cerini 3, thereby ensure better hemodialysis treatment effect.
In the embodiment, the dehydration effect of the dialyzer can be judged according to the difference between the blood viscosity of the patient in the blood leading stage and the blood viscosity of the blood treatment stage, and effective and scientific reference indexes are provided for medical staff, so that the medical staff can directly judge whether the patient is in a normal dehydration state during hemodialysis according to the difference between the first blood viscosity and the second blood viscosity, the judgment precision is favorably improved, the problems that the water shunt loss or the fluid replacement of the dialyzer is too much during hemodialysis, the blood concentration is too low, the blood cell shape is deformed and the like are caused are solved, the cardiovascular-related complications caused in the hemodialysis process are effectively prevented, and the safety of the patient in the blood treatment process is improved.
On the basis of the above embodiment, the blood purification apparatus further includes: a first temperature sensor for detecting the temperature of the blood in the arterial line 4 to obtain a first detected temperature, and a second temperature sensor (not shown) for detecting the temperature of the blood in the venous line 5 to obtain a second detected temperature, the processor being further configured to perform:
and determining whether an absolute value of a difference between the first detected temperature and the second detected temperature is smaller than a preset temperature difference, and if the absolute value of the difference between the first detected temperature and the second detected temperature is smaller than the preset temperature difference, determining the first blood viscosity according to the viscosity system parameter, the first blood pressure variation of the elongated tube 1, and the first blood pressure variation time of the elongated tube 1.
Wherein the first detected temperature represents a temperature of blood directly drawn from the patient, the second detected temperature represents a temperature of the blood after hemodialysis, and a difference between the first detected temperature and the second detected temperature represents a temperature change amount caused by the blood of the patient after hemodialysis. The preset temperature difference represents an error of temperature variation allowed by the blood of the patient during the hemodialysis process, and the specific value of the preset temperature difference is not further limited in the embodiment of the present application, and can be set by a person skilled in the art according to clinical treatment experience, for example: the preset temperature difference is 2 ℃.
When the hemodialysis process of the patient is in a normal state, the difference between the first detection temperature and the second detection temperature is not too large, namely the absolute value of the difference between the first detection temperature and the second detection temperature is smaller than a preset temperature difference, and in the normal hemodialysis state, the first blood viscosity can be calculated according to the viscosity system parameter, the first blood pressure variation of the elongated tube and the first blood pressure variation time of the elongated tube, so that the hemodialysis state of the patient can be monitored according to the first blood viscosity. However, when the hemodialysis process of the patient is in an abnormal state, the difference between the first detected temperature and the second detected temperature is large, that is, the absolute value of the difference between the first detected temperature and the second detected temperature is greater than or equal to the preset temperature difference, which indicates that the temperature of the blood of the patient in the dialysis process has a fault, and the faults may be temperature abnormalities caused by membrane rupture fault of the dialyzer, blockage of the blood flowing in the dialyzer and the like, and when the temperature of the blood of the patient in the dialysis process has a fault, it has no substantial meaning to calculate the viscosity of the first blood. Therefore, the embodiment can detect the first detection temperature and the second detection temperature in real time in the blood treatment stage, judge whether the temperature in the hemodialysis process has a fault, calculate the first blood viscosity when the absolute value of the difference value between the first detection temperature and the second detection temperature is smaller than the preset temperature difference value, and monitor the hemodialysis state of the patient according to the first blood viscosity.
Illustratively, if the first detected temperature is 36 ℃, the second detected temperature is 35 ℃, the preset temperature difference is 2 ℃, and the absolute value of the difference between the first detected temperature and the second detected temperature is 1 ℃, which is less than the preset temperature difference, the hemodialysis procedure of the patient is in a normal state, and the first blood viscosity can be calculated according to the viscosity system parameter, the first blood pressure variation of the elongated tube 1 and the first blood pressure variation time of the elongated tube 1, so that the hemodialysis state of the patient can be monitored according to the first blood viscosity. If the first detected temperature is 38 deg.c, the second detected temperature is 34 deg.c, the preset temperature difference is 2 deg.c, and the absolute value of the difference between the first detected temperature and the second detected temperature is 4 deg.c, which is greater than the preset temperature difference, the hemodialysis procedure of the patient is in an abnormal state, and at this time, the first blood viscosity does not need to be calculated.
On the basis of the above embodiment, after determining the first blood viscosity according to the viscosity system parameter, the first blood pressure variation amount of the elongated tube 1 and the first blood pressure variation time of the elongated tube 1 at step S460, the processor is further configured to perform:
the power module 2 is controlled to return all blood remaining in the power module 2 and blood remaining in the elongated tube 1 through the elongated tube 1 to the venous line 5.
In order to ensure that the hemodialysis state of a patient can be monitored in real time, the first blood viscosity of the patient is periodically detected and calculated in a blood treatment stage, when the first blood viscosity is determined each time, a driving force needs to be provided through the power assembly 2, so that the slender tube 1 sucks blood from the venous pipeline 5, the power assembly 2 and the slender tube 1 store the blood, the part of blood can not only cause blood waste, but also influence the accuracy of the subsequent first blood viscosity, therefore, after the first blood viscosity is determined each time, all the residual blood needs to be returned to the venous pipeline 5, so that when the blood viscosity of the patient is detected in real time in the blood treatment stage, the blood waste phenomenon in the venous pipeline 5 can be avoided, the blood viscosity detection cost of the patient is reduced, and the accuracy and the reliability of the blood viscosity detection are improved.
The power assembly 2 of this embodiment can include syringe and drive assembly, and drive assembly is used for providing drive power for the syringe, and the syringe is used for inserting and stores the liquid. In the blood treatment stage, when the first blood viscosity of a patient is detected each time, the driving assembly controls the injection cylinder to move, the injection cylinder is connected into the blood in the venous pipeline 5 through the elongated tube 1, the elongated tube 1 conveys the blood in the venous pipeline 5 to the injection cylinder for storage, and when the elongated tube 1 conveys the blood, the first blood pressure variable quantity of the elongated tube 1 and the first blood pressure variable time of the elongated tube 1 are calculated according to pressure measurement data, so that the first blood viscosity is calculated and obtained; after the first blood viscosity of the patient is detected and calculated each time, residual blood exists in both the injection tube and the elongated tube 1, so as to avoid blood waste when the first blood viscosity of the patient is detected and influence the accuracy of the subsequent first blood viscosity detection, in the embodiment, after the first blood viscosity is detected each time, the residual blood in both the injection tube and the elongated tube 1 is completely returned to the venous line 5, and the residual blood is returned to the vein of the patient through the venous line 5, so that the problems of blood waste in the process of each first blood viscosity calculation and influence on the accuracy of the subsequent first blood viscosity detection are solved. Of course, the power assembly 2 in the embodiment of the present application may be another device as long as the above-described functions are achieved. The specific composition of the driving assembly is not further limited in the embodiments of the present application, and those skilled in the art can set the composition according to actual situations.
On the basis of the above embodiment, after determining the first blood viscosity according to the viscosity system parameter, the first blood pressure variation amount of the elongated tube 1 and the first blood pressure variation time of the elongated tube 1 at step S460, the processor is further configured to:
whether the blood in the venous line 5 has the coagulation phenomenon is detected, and if the blood in the venous line 5 has the coagulation phenomenon, a fault prompt operation is sent.
Wherein, the blood coagulation phenomenon refers to: the blood contacts the wall of the venous line 5, triggering the coagulation mechanism of the blood, resulting in the coagulation of the blood in the venous line 5. Since the blood in the venous line 5 needs to be led out through the slender tube 1 when the first blood viscosity of the patient is detected in the blood treatment stage, the blood flow in the venous line 5 is reduced, so that the blood in the venous line 5 is more prone to coagulation, and whether the coagulation occurs in the blood in the venous line needs to be detected in order to ensure the safety of the hemodialysis treatment of the patient.
In this embodiment, when the first blood viscosity is determined, whether the blood in the venous line 5 coagulates or not is detected at the same time, and if the blood in the venous line 5 coagulates, a failure prompt operation is issued, so that a user can timely handle the coagulation of the venous line 5, and the safety of hemodialysis treatment of a patient is prevented from being damaged by the coagulation of the venous line 5.
It should be noted that the fault prompting operation in this embodiment belongs to an acousto-optic signal, and if blood in the venous line coagulates, a sound prompting operation can be made, or a text prompting operation is displayed on the display screen 26, so as to achieve the effect of fault alarm.
On the basis of the above embodiment, before outputting the substitution fluid to the arterial line 4, the dialyzer 3 and the venous line 5 and to the elongated tube 1 via the power assembly 2 according to the pre-flush start command output by the user in step S410, the processor is further configured to:
and detecting the flow rate of the replacement fluid in the venous pipeline 5, judging whether the flow rate of the replacement fluid in the venous pipeline 5 is greater than or equal to the preset flow rate of the replacement fluid, and outputting the replacement fluid to the slender pipe 1 through the power assembly 2 if the flow rate of the replacement fluid in the venous pipeline 5 is greater than or equal to the preset flow rate of the replacement fluid.
In the priming stage, the substitution liquid flows to the arterial line 4, the dialyzer 3 and the venous line 5 in sequence, and the priming stage is mainly used for detecting viscosity system parameters of the blood purification equipment, and in order to improve the detection precision of the viscosity system parameters, the viscosity system parameters detected under the flow of the substitution liquid in the venous line 5 can have higher precision by improving the flow of the substitution liquid in the venous line 5. When the flow rate of the replacement fluid in the venous pipeline 5 is greater than or equal to the preset flow rate of the replacement fluid, the detected change amount of the replacement fluid pressure of the slender pipe 1 can truly reflect the viscosity of the replacement fluid, so that a more accurate viscosity system parameter is obtained, but when the flow rate of the replacement fluid in the venous pipeline 5 is less than the preset flow rate of the replacement fluid, the flow rate of the replacement fluid in the venous pipeline 5 is relatively small, the detected viscosity system parameter can be interfered by the flow rate of the replacement fluid under the condition, and therefore a first blood viscosity of a patient in a blood treatment stage can have a relatively large detection error. In the embodiment, by defining the relationship between the flow rate of the substitution liquid in the venous line 5 at the priming stage and the preset flow rate of the substitution liquid, the error of the viscosity system parameter caused by the change of the flow rate of the substitution liquid can be eliminated, so that the accuracy of the first blood viscosity detection in the embodiment can be improved.
On the basis of the above embodiment, after calculating the change amount of the replacement fluid pressure of the elongated tube 1 and the change time of the replacement fluid pressure of the elongated tube 1 based on the pressure measurement data at step S420, and before determining the viscosity system parameter based on the preset viscosity of the replacement fluid, the change amount of the replacement fluid pressure of the elongated tube 1 and the change time of the replacement fluid pressure of the elongated tube 1 at step S430, the processor is further configured to perform:
detecting whether the replacement fluid in the venous line 5 has bubbles, if so, calibrating the pressure variation of the replacement fluid in the slender tube 1, and determining the viscosity system parameter according to the preset viscosity of the replacement fluid, the calibrated pressure variation of the replacement fluid in the slender tube 1 and the pressure variation time of the replacement fluid in the slender tube 1.
If the replacement fluid in the venous pipeline 5 does not have air bubbles, the variation of the replacement fluid pressure of the slender tube 1 does not need to be calibrated, and the viscosity system parameters can be directly determined according to the preset viscosity of the replacement fluid, the variation of the replacement fluid pressure of the slender tube 1 and the variation time of the replacement fluid pressure of the slender tube 1.
In the pre-flush stage, when the arterial line 4, the dialyzer 3, and the venous line 5 are sequentially flushed with the substitution liquid, some air bubbles may be entrained in the substitution liquid in the venous line 5, and when the pressure sensor 6 detects the pressure change amount of the substitution liquid in the elongated tube 1, the air bubbles in the substitution liquid may affect the pressure detection accuracy of the pressure sensor 6. In order to eliminate the interference of air bubbles on the pressure variation of the replacement fluid in the elongated tube 1, in this embodiment, whether the replacement fluid in the intravenous tube 5 has air bubbles is detected, and if the replacement fluid in the intravenous tube 5 has air bubbles is detected, the pressure variation of the replacement fluid in the elongated tube 1 is calibrated, and the pressure variation of the replacement fluid in the elongated tube 1 after calibration may increase or decrease.
In this embodiment, the venous line 5 may be provided with a bubble detector 25 for detecting whether or not bubbles are present in the replacement fluid in the venous line 5. The method for detecting whether the replacement fluid in the venous line 5 has bubbles is not further limited in this embodiment, and those skilled in the art can select the method according to actual situations, for example: the displacement liquid in the venous pipeline 5 can be subjected to ultrasonic detection in an ultrasonic detection mode, the bubble amount in the displacement liquid is converted from non-electric quantity to an electric signal, for example, the bubble amount in the displacement liquid is converted from non-electric quantity to a voltage signal, and whether bubbles exist in the displacement liquid in the venous pipeline 5 can be identified by comparing the difference degree between the voltage signal and a preset voltage signal.
Those skilled in the art may set a fixed pressure calibration value according to clinical experience, and calibrate the amount of change in the substitution fluid pressure of the elongated tube 1 according to the pressure calibration value, for example, if the pressure calibration value is-10 mmHg, the calibrated amount of change in the substitution fluid pressure of the elongated tube 1 = the amount of change in the substitution fluid pressure of the elongated tube 1 of-10 mmHg; those skilled in the art can also set a corresponding curve between the bubble amount of the substitution liquid in the venous line 5 and the pressure calibration value according to clinical experience, and obtain the calibrated pressure variation of the substitution liquid in the slender tube 1 according to the pressure variation of the substitution liquid in the slender tube 1 and the pressure calibration value by detecting the bubble amount of the substitution liquid in the venous line 5 and finding the corresponding pressure calibration value through the corresponding curve. Of course, those skilled in the art may also calibrate the variation of the substitution fluid pressure of the elongated tube 1 according to a conventional intelligent algorithm (e.g., a genetic algorithm), and the method for calibrating the variation of the substitution fluid pressure of the elongated tube 1 in this embodiment is not further limited, and those skilled in the art may select the variation according to the actual situation.
In an alternative embodiment, a blood purification apparatus is provided, as shown in fig. 3, the blood purification apparatus 300 shown in fig. 3 comprising: a processor 301 and a memory 303. Wherein processor 301 is coupled to memory 303, such as via bus 302. Optionally, the blood purification apparatus 300 may further comprise a transceiver 304. It should be noted that the transceiver 304 is not limited to one in practical applications, and the structure of the electronic device 300 is not limited to the embodiment of the present application.
The Processor 301 may be a CPU (Central Processing Unit), a general-purpose Processor, a DSP (Digital Signal Processor), an ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit), an FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array), or other Programmable logic device, transistor logic device, hardware component, or any combination thereof. Which may implement or perform the various illustrative logical blocks, modules, and circuits described in connection with the disclosure. The processor 301 may also be a combination of computing functions, e.g., comprising one or more microprocessors, a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, or the like.
Bus 302 may include a path that carries information between the aforementioned components. The bus 302 may be a PCI (Peripheral Component Interconnect) bus, an EISA (Extended Industry Standard Architecture) bus, or the like. The bus 302 may be divided into an address bus, a data bus, a control bus, and the like. For ease of illustration, only one thick line is shown in FIG. 3, but that does not indicate only one bus or one type of bus.
The Memory 303 may be a ROM (Read Only Memory) or other type of static storage device that can store static information and instructions, a RAM (Random Access Memory) or other type of dynamic storage device that can store information and instructions, an EEPROM (Electrically Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory), a CD-ROM (Compact Disc Read Only Memory) or other optical Disc storage, optical Disc storage (including Compact Disc, laser Disc, optical Disc, digital versatile Disc, blu-ray Disc, etc.), a magnetic Disc storage medium or other magnetic storage device, or any other medium that can be used to carry or store desired program code in the form of instructions or data structures and that can be accessed by a computer, but is not limited to these.
The memory 303 is used for storing application program codes for executing the scheme of the application, and the processor 301 controls the execution. The processor 301 is configured to execute application program code stored in the memory 303 to implement the aspects illustrated in the foregoing method embodiments.
A second aspect of the embodiments of the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, where the computer program, when executed by a processor, implements the method shown in fig. 4, and a specific process may refer to the description of the method embodiment in fig. 4, which is not described herein again.
Compared with the prior art, the computer-readable storage medium utilizes the operation steps in the hemodialysis process to obtain the viscosity system parameters necessary in the viscosity detection process in advance in the pre-flushing stage so as to provide a data base for the calculation process of the blood viscosity in the later stage, and is convenient for accurately calculating the blood viscosity of the patient when the patient performs hemodialysis; in addition, in the embodiment of the application, the pressure change along with the time when the fluid medium is sucked is ingeniously utilized, so that the method for determining the blood viscosity can effectively obtain the blood viscosity value, the detection cost is low, the detection feasibility is high, the detection reliability is high, the blood viscosity can be detected in real time in the hemodialysis process, so that medical staff can refer to the evaluation process of the hemodialysis effect according to the blood viscosity, the patient is prevented from having cardiovascular and other related complications, the safety of the patient in hemodialysis is further ensured, and the problem that the safety of hemodialysis treatment of the patient is low due to the fact that the blood viscosity of the patient cannot be detected in the hemodialysis process in the prior art is solved.
It should be understood that, although the steps in the flowcharts of the figures are shown in order as indicated by the arrows, the steps are not necessarily performed in order as indicated by the arrows. The steps are not performed in the exact order shown and may be performed in other orders unless explicitly stated herein. Moreover, at least a portion of the steps in the flow chart of the figure may include multiple sub-steps or multiple stages, which are not necessarily performed at the same time, but may be performed at different times, and the order of execution is not necessarily sequential, but may be performed alternately or alternately with other steps or at least a portion of the sub-steps or stages of other steps.
Although the present disclosure has been described above, the scope of the present disclosure is not limited thereto. Various changes and modifications may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the disclosure, and these changes and modifications are intended to fall within the scope of the invention.

Claims (10)

1. A blood purification apparatus, characterized by comprising: the device comprises an elongated tube, a power assembly, a dialyzer, an arterial tube, a venous tube, a pressure sensor, a processor and a memory, wherein the arterial tube is connected with a blood input end of the dialyzer, the venous tube is connected with a blood output end of the dialyzer, a first end of the elongated tube is connected with the venous tube, a second end of the elongated tube is connected with the power assembly, and the processor is electrically connected with the memory and the pressure sensor through a bus;
the pressure sensor is used for measuring the liquid pressure of the slender pipe to obtain pressure measurement data;
the memory stores program instructions executable by the processor, the processor invoking the program instructions to perform a method comprising:
outputting a replacement fluid to the arterial line, the dialyzer and the venous line and to the elongated tube through the power assembly according to a priming start instruction output by a user;
calculating a displacement fluid pressure variation amount of the elongated tube and a displacement fluid pressure variation time of the elongated tube based on the pressure measurement data;
determining viscosity system parameters according to preset viscosity of replacement fluid, the replacement fluid pressure variation of the elongated tube and the replacement fluid pressure variation time of the elongated tube;
according to a blood treatment instruction output by a user, dialyzing blood through the dialyzer, and outputting the dialyzed blood to the elongated tube through the power assembly;
calculating a first blood pressure change amount of the elongated tube and a first blood pressure change time of the elongated tube according to the pressure measurement data;
a first blood viscosity is determined based on the viscosity system parameter, a first blood pressure change of the elongate tube, and a first blood pressure change time of the elongate tube.
2. The blood purification apparatus of claim 1, wherein the pressure sensor is located at the first end of the elongated tube;
said calculating a change in replacement fluid pressure of said elongated tube based on said pressure measurement data, comprising:
if the total amount of the replacement fluid which is accessed into the elongated tube is larger than or equal to the preset volume, measuring the pressure value of the replacement fluid of the elongated tube through the pressure sensor, and calculating the pressure variation of the replacement fluid of the elongated tube according to the pressure value of the replacement fluid of the elongated tube and the pressure value of the replacement fluid which is not accessed into the elongated tube;
said calculating a first blood pressure change of said elongated tube from said pressure measurement data comprising:
if the total amount of blood received by the slender tube is larger than or equal to a preset volume, measuring the blood pressure value of the slender tube through the pressure sensor, and calculating a first blood pressure variation of the slender tube according to the blood pressure value of the slender tube and the pressure value of blood not received by the slender tube;
or, the pressure sensor comprises a first pressure sensor and a second pressure sensor, the first pressure sensor is located at the first end of the elongated tube, the second pressure sensor is located at the second end of the elongated tube;
the calculating a displacement fluid pressure change amount of the elongated tube from the pressure measurement data includes:
after the elongated tube is connected with the replacement liquid, detecting a replacement liquid pressure value at a first end of the elongated tube through the first pressure sensor to obtain a first pressure detection value, detecting a replacement liquid pressure value at a second end of the elongated tube through the second pressure sensor to obtain a second pressure detection value, and calculating a replacement liquid pressure variation of the elongated tube according to a difference value between the first pressure detection value and the second pressure detection value;
said calculating a first blood pressure change of said elongated tube from said pressure measurement data comprising:
after the slender tube is connected with the blood, the first pressure sensor is used for detecting the blood pressure value of the first end of the slender tube to obtain a third pressure detection value, the second pressure sensor is used for detecting the blood pressure value of the second end of the slender tube to obtain a fourth pressure detection value, and the first blood pressure variation of the slender tube is calculated according to the difference value between the third pressure detection value and the fourth pressure detection value.
3. The blood purification apparatus of claim 1, wherein the processor is further configured to perform, in response to the blood treatment instructions output by the user, dialysis of the blood by the dialyzer, and prior to outputting the dialyzed blood to the elongated tube via the power assembly:
and judging whether the time for accessing the arterial pipeline into the replacement liquid is greater than preset priming time or not, and if so, sending a blood-drawing starting instruction.
4. A blood purification apparatus according to claim 3, further comprising: a blood detector disposed on the venous line for detecting the presence of blood in the venous line;
the processor is further configured to perform:
according to a blood-leading starting instruction output by a user, outputting blood to the arterial pipeline, the dialyzer and the venous pipeline, and outputting the blood to the slender pipe through the power assembly when the blood detector detects that the blood exists in the venous pipeline;
calculating a second blood pressure change amount of the elongated tube and a second blood pressure change time of the elongated tube according to the pressure measurement data;
determining a second blood viscosity based on the viscosity system parameter, a second change in blood pressure of the elongate tube, and a second time period of change in blood pressure of the elongate tube.
5. The blood purification apparatus of claim 4, wherein the processor is further configured to perform: and judging the dehydration effect of the dialyzer according to the difference value between the first blood viscosity and the second blood viscosity.
6. A blood purification apparatus according to claim 5,
if the difference value between the first blood viscosity and the second blood viscosity is judged to meet a first preset condition, the dehydrating effect of the dialyzer is poor, and a first prompt is sent;
if the difference between the first blood viscosity and the second blood viscosity is judged to meet a second preset condition, the dehydrating effect of the dialyzer is good, and a second prompt is sent;
if the difference value between the first blood viscosity and the second blood viscosity is judged to meet a third preset condition, the dehydrating effect of the dialyzer is good, and a third prompt is sent;
wherein the first preset condition is as follows: the viscosity of the first blood-the viscosity of the second blood is less than or equal to a first preset difference value;
the second preset condition is as follows: the first preset difference value is less than the first blood viscosity and the second blood viscosity is less than or equal to the second preset difference value;
the third preset condition is as follows: the second predetermined difference < | first blood viscosity-second blood viscosity |.
7. The blood purification apparatus of claim 1, further comprising: the temperature sensor is used for detecting the temperature of blood in the arterial pipeline to obtain a first detection temperature, and the temperature sensor is used for detecting the temperature of the blood in the venous pipeline to obtain a second detection temperature;
the processor is further configured to perform:
and judging whether the absolute value of the difference between the first detection temperature and the second detection temperature is smaller than a preset temperature difference value or not, and if the absolute value of the difference between the first detection temperature and the second detection temperature is smaller than the preset temperature difference value, determining first blood viscosity according to the viscosity system parameter, the first blood pressure variation of the elongated tube and the first blood pressure variation time of the elongated tube.
8. A blood purification apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising: a display screen, wherein after determining the first blood viscosity according to the viscosity system parameter, the first blood pressure change of the elongated tube, and the first blood pressure change time of the elongated tube, the processor is further configured to display a change curve of the first blood viscosity over time via the display screen.
9. The blood purification apparatus of claim 1, wherein after determining the first blood viscosity based on the viscosity system parameter, the first blood pressure delta for the elongated tube, and the first blood pressure change time for the elongated tube, the processor is further configured to:
detecting whether blood coagulation occurs in the blood in the venous line, and if the blood coagulation occurs in the blood in the venous line, sending a fault prompt operation;
and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,
after the calculating the change of the pressure of the replacement fluid of the elongated tube and the change time of the pressure of the replacement fluid of the elongated tube according to the pressure measurement data, and before the determining the viscosity system parameters according to the preset viscosity of the replacement fluid, the change of the pressure of the replacement fluid of the elongated tube and the change time of the pressure of the replacement fluid of the elongated tube, the processor is further configured to execute:
detecting whether the replacement fluid in the venous pipeline has air bubbles, if so, calibrating the pressure variation of the replacement fluid of the slender pipe, and determining the viscosity system parameter according to the preset viscosity of the replacement fluid, the calibrated pressure variation of the replacement fluid of the slender pipe and the pressure variation time of the replacement fluid of the slender pipe.
10. A computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, which, when being executed by a processor, carries out the method of:
outputting the replacement liquid to an arterial pipeline, a dialyzer and a venous pipeline according to a pre-flushing starting instruction output by a user, and outputting the replacement liquid to a slender pipe through a power assembly;
calculating a displacement fluid pressure variation amount of the elongated tube and a displacement fluid pressure variation time of the elongated tube based on the pressure measurement data;
determining a viscosity system parameter according to preset viscosity of the replacement fluid, the pressure variation of the replacement fluid of the elongated tube and the pressure variation time of the replacement fluid of the elongated tube;
according to a blood treatment instruction output by a user, dialyzing blood through the dialyzer, and outputting the dialyzed blood to the elongated tube through the power assembly;
calculating a first blood pressure change amount of the elongated tube and a first blood pressure change time of the elongated tube according to the pressure measurement data;
a first blood viscosity is determined based on the viscosity system parameter, a first blood pressure change of the elongate tube, and a first blood pressure change time of the elongate tube.
CN202211160191.9A 2022-09-22 2022-09-22 Blood purification equipment and storage medium Pending CN115671425A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202211160191.9A CN115671425A (en) 2022-09-22 2022-09-22 Blood purification equipment and storage medium

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202211160191.9A CN115671425A (en) 2022-09-22 2022-09-22 Blood purification equipment and storage medium

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN115671425A true CN115671425A (en) 2023-02-03

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN202211160191.9A Pending CN115671425A (en) 2022-09-22 2022-09-22 Blood purification equipment and storage medium

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CN (1) CN115671425A (en)

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