CN115663250A - Loop topological structure of flow battery energy storage power station - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a loop topological structure of a flow battery energy storage power station, which comprises a liquid circuit topological structure and a circuit topological structure; dividing all the galvanic piles of the liquid flow energy storage power station into a plurality of galvanic pile groups, wherein each galvanic pile group comprises the same number of galvanic piles; the liquid circuit topological structure is characterized in that each galvanic pile is connected to a positive electrolyte storage tank and a negative electrolyte storage tank arranged in the galvanic pile group in which the galvanic pile is located through liquid flow pipelines; the circuit topology structure connects the galvanic piles in series to form a plurality of branches which are then respectively connected to the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the energy storage converter, although the liquid paths of the galvanic piles in the same group are communicated, the potentials of the galvanic piles are the same, and no current is generated; liquid paths of different groups of electric piles are not communicated, and current is not generated; thereby eliminating the bypass current between the stacks.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of flow batteries, in particular to a topological structure of a flow battery energy storage power station loop.
Background
In the design process of the flow battery energy storage power station, the scale of the power station is designed according to a specific application scene. The galvanic pile system in the power station consists of a plurality of galvanic piles, and the galvanic piles carry out different circuit topological structure designs according to parameters such as system design voltage, current and the like. The pumping system of the power station also needs to be optimally designed, so that the cost of the power station and the occupied area of the power station are reduced conveniently on the one hand. On the other hand, in the operation process of the flow battery energy storage power station, bypass current can be generated in a liquid path between the galvanic piles due to the existence of potential difference, so that the whole efficiency of the energy storage power station is greatly influenced, and the optimal design of the combination of the power station circuit topological structure and the flow topological structure is beneficial to reducing the construction cost of the power station, optimizing the occupied area, avoiding the bypass current and improving the whole efficiency and the economic benefit of the energy storage power station.
At present, the conventional method for reducing the bypass current is to increase the resistance of the liquid circuit between the electric piles, such as increasing the length of the liquid flow pipe between the electric piles, for example, using a coil pipe. Such methods can only reduce the bypass current to some extent, but cannot completely eliminate the bypass current, and at the same time, the methods need to be implemented by adding additional equipment or structures, which increases the cost. Therefore, a loop topology structure of the flow battery energy storage power station is provided to solve the technical problem.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a loop topological structure of a flow battery energy storage power station, which comprises a liquid circuit topological structure design and a circuit topological structure design of the energy storage power station, eliminates bypass current among all galvanic piles through the innovative design of the power station loop topological structure, and solves the problems in the background art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a loop topological structure of a flow battery energy storage power station comprises a liquid loop topological structure and a circuit topological structure;
all galvanic piles of the flow cell energy storage power station are divided into N galvanic pile groups, N is a natural number, each galvanic pile group comprises M galvanic piles, and M is a natural number or a composite number;
the liquid path topology includes:
in each pile group, each pile is connected to the anode electrolyte storage tank and the cathode electrolyte storage tank corresponding to the pile group in which the pile group is located through a liquid circuit; no liquid path or no liquid path is communicated between the groups;
the circuit topology includes:
a first circuit topology: each electric pile group takes a single electric pile, and the electric pile groups are connected in series: sequentially taking one galvanic pile from each galvanic pile group, connecting the galvanic piles of different galvanic pile groups in series to form a branch, and forming M branches by analogy; all the branches are connected to the positive and negative electrodes of the energy storage converter through the bus; when the circuit topological structure is adopted, no potential difference exists between the electric piles in the electric pile group, no bypass current exists, and no flow resistor is needed.
The second circuit topology: the electric piles in each group are firstly formed into a series group and then are connected in series, the number of the electric piles in each electric pile group is M = axb, a represents the number of circuit branches, and b represents the number of the electric piles of a single series group in the group. Firstly, respectively connecting the 1 st electric pile in series to form a series group 11, and connecting the 2 nd, a +2 nd, 2a +2 nd, 8230, connecting the 8230in series, connecting the a (b-1) +2 nd electric pile in series to form a series group 12, and connecting the a (b-1) +2 th electric pile in series to form a series group 1a; by analogy, the a, 2a, \8230;, ba electrical stack circuits of the Nth electrical stack group are connected in series to form a serial group Na; then, respectively and sequentially connecting corresponding series group groups from each electric pile group in series to form a circuit branch, so that all the series groups form a circuit branch, and respectively adding two liquid circuit resistors into positive and negative electrode outlets of a (a), (2 a), (8230), (8230) and (ab-1) electric piles of each electric pile group, wherein the total number of the liquid circuit resistors is 4 (b-1) multiplied by N; and finally, respectively connecting all the branches to the positive and negative electrodes of the energy storage converter through the bus bars. When the circuit topological structure is adopted, a certain number of liquid circuit resistors need to be configured, and a small amount of bypass current exists in a part of liquid circuits, but compared with an energy storage power station without the topological structure, the use number of the liquid circuit resistors can be reduced, the cost is reduced, meanwhile, the bypass current is greatly reduced, and the effect of system optimization can be achieved.
Preferably, in the liquid path topological structure, each electric pile is provided with a valve, and the electric pile group is provided with a pump.
Preferably, in the first circuit topology, when the individual stacks of each stack group are connected in series, and when the stack groups are connected in series, the number N of the stack groups is 2 to 100, and the number M of the stacks in each stack group is 2 to 100.
Preferably, in the second circuit topology, when the galvanic piles in each group are firstly formed into a series group and then are connected in series, and when the galvanic piles are connected in series, the number N of the galvanic pile groups is 2-100; the number M of the electric piles in each electric pile group is a composite number between 2 and 100.
The invention provides a loop topological structure of a flow battery energy storage power station. A first circuit topology: the galvanic pile liquid circuit of the same galvanic pile group is communicated, but the circuit is not communicated, the potentials of the galvanic piles in the group are the same, and the bypass current is prevented from being generated in the liquid circuit; the galvanic piles in the same circuit branch have potential difference, but the liquid paths are not communicated, so that bypass current is prevented from being generated in the liquid paths; therefore, the bypass current between the galvanic piles is eliminated, and the problem of the bypass current in the flow battery energy storage power station is fundamentally solved. The second topology: compared with an energy storage power station without the circuit topological structure, the invention has the advantages that the using quantity of the liquid flow resistors can be reduced, the cost is reduced, the bypass current is greatly reduced, and the effect of system optimization is achieved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a fluid path topology of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a first circuit topology of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a second circuit topology of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic circuit topology according to embodiment 2;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the liquid circuit resistance of a second topology structure in example 2;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a liquid path and circuit topology of comparative example 1;
fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of liquid path resistances of comparative examples 2 to 7.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments.
The invention provides a circuit topological structure of a flow battery energy storage power station, which comprises a liquid circuit topological structure and a circuit topological structure; dividing all galvanic piles of a flow battery energy storage power station into N galvanic pile groups, wherein N is a natural number of 2-100, each galvanic pile group comprises M galvanic piles, and M is a natural number or a composite number; (for convenience of description, the Mth cell stack in the Nth cell stack group is written as the cell stack NM);
the liquid path topological structure is characterized in that each galvanic pile is connected to the positive electrolyte storage tank and the negative electrolyte storage tank corresponding to the galvanic pile group in which the galvanic pile is located in each galvanic pile group through a liquid path; no liquid path or no liquid path is communicated between groups; the circuit topology is divided into two types:
the first is shown in fig. 2: sequentially taking one electric pile from each electric pile group, connecting the electric piles in series to form a first circuit branch, and so on to form M circuit branches;
the second is shown in fig. 3: the electric piles in each group are firstly formed into a series group and then are connected in series, the number of the electric piles in each electric pile group is M = axb, a represents the number of circuit branches, and b represents the number of the electric piles of a single series group in the group. Firstly, respectively connecting the 1 st electric pile in series to form a series group 11, and connecting the 2 nd, a +2 nd, 2a +2 nd, 8230, connecting the 8230in series, connecting the a (b-1) +2 nd electric pile in series to form a series group 12, and connecting the a (b-1) +2 th electric pile in series to form a series group 1a; by analogy, the a, 2a, 8230, ba electric pile circuits of the Nth electric pile group are connected in series to form a series group Na; then, respectively and sequentially connecting corresponding series group groups from each electric pile group in series to form a circuit branch, so that all the series groups form a circuit branch, and respectively adding two liquid circuit resistors into positive and negative electrode outlets of a (a), (2 a), (8230), (8230) and (ab-1) electric piles of each electric pile group, wherein the total number of the liquid circuit resistors is 4 (b-1) multiplied by N; and finally, respectively connecting all the branches to the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the energy storage converter through the bus bars.
Example 1: the first circuit topology structure of the invention is adopted
As shown in fig. 1, all the stacks are divided into N =2 stack groups, each stack group contains M =10 stacks, the liquid circuit connection is performed according to the liquid circuit topology structure shown in fig. 1, each stack group further includes a positive electrolyte storage tank and a negative electrolyte storage tank, as well as a pump and a valve, the valve is arranged at the inlet and the outlet of each stack, the pump is arranged at the necessary position of the pipeline (for example, near the positive electrolyte storage tank and the negative electrolyte storage tank), and the stacks inside each stack group are connected with the positive electrolyte storage tank and the negative electrolyte storage tank of the stack group through the liquid circuit, so as to form a positive electrolyte loop and a negative electrolyte loop. The galvanic piles in the galvanic pile group share the anode loop and the cathode loop of the electrolyte, and the liquid loops of different galvanic pile groups are not connected.
As shown in fig. 2, a first circuit topology is adopted for circuit connection, first, a first galvanic pile in each galvanic pile group is connected in series to form a first branch, then, a second galvanic pile in each galvanic pile group is connected in series to form a second branch, and so on, 10 branches are formed, and two ends of all the branches are respectively connected to the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the energy storage converter (PCS) through the busbars.
In this embodiment 1, although the liquid paths of the same group of the electric stacks are communicated, the same group of the electric stacks belong to different circuit branches, and the electric potentials of the electric stacks in the electric stack group are the same, so that no bypass current is generated; the galvanic pile on the same circuit branch belongs to different galvanic pile groups, has potential difference but the liquid path is not communicated, and does not generate bypass current; thereby solving the technical problem of bypass current between the galvanic piles.
Example 2: the second circuit topology structure of the invention is adopted
Dividing all the electric piles into N =2 electric pile groups, wherein each electric pile group comprises an electric pile number M = axb =5x2=10, performing liquid circuit connection according to a liquid circuit topological structure shown in fig. 1, each electric pile group further comprises a positive electrode electrolyte storage tank, a negative electrode electrolyte storage tank, a pump and a valve, the valve is arranged at an inlet and an outlet of each electric pile, the pump is arranged at a necessary position (such as a position close to the positive electrode electrolyte storage tank and the negative electrode electrolyte storage tank) of a pipeline, the electric piles in each electric pile group are connected with the positive electrode electrolyte storage tank and the negative electrode electrolyte storage tank of the electric pile group through liquid circuits, so that a positive electrode electrolyte loop and a negative electrode electrolyte loop are formed, the electric piles in all the electric pile groups share the positive electrode loops and the negative electrode loops of the electrolyte, and the liquid circuits of different electric pile groups are not connected.
According to the circuit topology structure shown in fig. 4, the electric pile 11 and the electric pile 16 are respectively connected in series to form a first series group, the electric pile 12 and the electric pile 17 are connected in series to form a second series group until the electric pile 15 and the electric pile 110 are connected in series to form a fifth series group, then the electric pile 21 and the electric pile 26 are connected in series to form a sixth series group, and the electric pile 22 and the electric pile 27 are connected in series in circuits to form a seventh series group until the electric pile 25 and the electric pile 210 are connected in series to form a tenth series group; and finally, connecting the five circuit branches formed by all the series groups to the positive and negative electrodes of the energy storage converter through the busbars respectively. Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the liquid circuit resistance in this embodiment, two liquid circuit resistors are respectively added to the positive and negative electrode outlets of the electric pile 15, each group needs 4 circuit resistors, R represents the liquid circuit resistance between two adjacent electric piles, ra is the resistance of each liquid circuit resistor, the electric potentials V1 between the electric piles 11 and 15 are equal, the electric potentials V2 between the electric piles 16 and 110 are equal, and no resistor needs to be added between the electric piles with equal electric potentials. The galvanic piles 11 and 16 are the first series group, the liquid level resistance between galvanic piles is 5R +2Ra, and the bypass current is greatly reduced.
Example 3: by adopting the liquid circuit topology structure and the second circuit topology structure shown in fig. 1, all the galvanic piles are divided into N =2 galvanic pile groups, 5 circuit branches are provided, 3 galvanic piles in each group are connected in series to form a series group, each galvanic pile group comprises the number of galvanic piles M = axb =5x3=15, and the number of the liquid circuit resistors used is 4 (b-1) × N = 16.
Example 4: by adopting the liquid circuit topology structure and the second circuit topology structure shown in fig. 1, all the galvanic piles are divided into N =2 galvanic pile groups, 5 circuit branches are provided, 4 galvanic piles in each group are connected in series to form a series group, each galvanic pile group comprises a galvanic pile number of M = axb =5x4=20, and the number of the liquid circuit resistors used is 4 (b-1) × N = 24.
Example 5: by adopting the liquid circuit topology structure and the second circuit topology structure shown in fig. 1, all the galvanic piles are divided into N =2 galvanic pile groups, 15 circuit branches are provided, 2 galvanic piles in each group are connected in series to form a series group, each galvanic pile group comprises a galvanic pile number of M = axb =15x2=30, and the number of the liquid circuit resistors used is 4 (b-1) × N = 8.
Example 6: by adopting the liquid circuit topology structure and the second circuit topology structure shown in fig. 1 of the present invention, all the galvanic piles are divided into N =2 galvanic pile groups, 10 circuit branches are provided, 3 galvanic piles in each group are connected in series to form a series group, each galvanic pile group contains the number of galvanic piles M = axb =10x3=30, and the number of the liquid circuit resistors used is 4 (b-1) × N = 16.
Comparative example 1: the connection is performed according to a liquid path and circuit topology structure as shown in fig. 6, and all the liquid paths are communicated. x represents the number of series connection of the electric pile circuits, and y represents the number of circuit branches. In the comparative example, every 2 electric piles are connected in series into a group, 10 circuit branches are provided, the total number of the electric piles is 20, and resistors are not used.
Comparative example 2: the connections are made according to a fluid path, circuit topology as shown in fig. 6, all fluid paths are connected. Every 4 galvanic piles are connected in series to form a group, 5 circuit branches are provided, the total number of the galvanic piles is 20, and 40 liquid circuit resistors are added into the inlet and the outlet of each galvanic pile.
Comparative example 3: the connections are made according to a fluid path, circuit topology as shown in fig. 6, all fluid paths are connected. Every 6 galvanic piles are connected in series to form a group, 5 circuit branches are provided, the total number of the galvanic piles is 30, and 60 liquid circuit resistors are added to the inlet and the outlet of each galvanic pile.
Comparative example 4: the connection is performed according to a liquid path and circuit topology structure as shown in fig. 6, and all the liquid paths are communicated. Every 8 galvanic piles are connected in series to form a group, 5 circuit branches are provided, the total number of the galvanic piles is 40, and 80 liquid circuit resistors are added into the inlet and the outlet of each galvanic pile.
Comparative example 5: the connections are made according to a fluid path, circuit topology as shown in fig. 6, all fluid paths are connected. Every 4 galvanic piles are connected in series to form a group, 15 circuit branches are totally arranged, the total number of the galvanic piles is 60, and 120 liquid circuit resistors are added into the inlet and the outlet of each galvanic pile.
Comparative example 6: the connection is performed according to a liquid path and circuit topology structure as shown in fig. 6, and all the liquid paths are communicated. Every 6 galvanic piles are connected in series to form a group, 10 circuit branches are provided, the total number of the galvanic piles is 60, and 120 liquid circuit resistors are added to the inlet and the outlet of each galvanic pile.
Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the liquid path resistances of comparative examples 2 to 7. x represents the galvanic pile number of establishing ties, and y represents the circuit branch number, respectively adds a liquid way resistor at every galvanic pile exit, needs 2xy liquid way resistors altogether, and R represents the liquid way resistance between two adjacent galvanic piles, and Ra represents the resistance of every liquid way resistor, and the liquid way resistance increases to R +2Ra after increasing the liquid way resistor between adjacent galvanic piles, and the potential difference between two adjacent galvanic piles reduces, if: the xy electric pile potential V1 and the xy-1 electric pile potential V2 have smaller difference, the bypass current is reduced, but the liquid circuit resistors are more in use amount, and the cost is higher.
The examples were tested in comparison with the comparative examples under the same test conditions, and the coulombic efficiency was tested. The test results are shown in table 1 below:
TABLE 1 test of the performance of the stack of examples and comparative examples
As can be seen from table 1, the highest coulombic efficiency is obtained in embodiment 1 using the liquid circuit topology and the first circuit topology of the present invention. In the loop structure, the galvanic pile liquid circuits of the same galvanic pile group are communicated, but the circuits are not communicated, and the potentials of the galvanic piles in the galvanic pile group are the same, so that the bypass current generated in the liquid circuits is avoided; the galvanic piles in the same circuit branch have potential difference, but the liquid path is not communicated, so that the bypass current generated in the liquid path is avoided, the problem of the bypass current between the galvanic piles in the flow battery energy storage power station is fundamentally solved, and the coulomb efficiency of the energy storage system is greatly improved. Compared with the system of the embodiment 1, the system of the comparative example 1 uses the same number of electric piles, and the liquid circuit resistors are not used, but all the electric piles share the same liquid circuit, and in the circuit topology structure of the comparative example 1, the electric potential difference exists among the electric piles, so that serious bypass current exists, and the coulomb efficiency is very low. Compared with the comparative example 1, the comparative example 2 is characterized in that a liquid circuit resistor is respectively added to the inlet and the outlet of the anode and the cathode of each galvanic pile, the resistance of the liquid circuit between the galvanic piles is increased, the potential difference exists between the galvanic piles, and the bypass current is reduced to a certain extent by the added liquid circuit resistor, so that the coulomb efficiency of the comparative example 2 is improved to a certain extent compared with that of the comparative example 1. However, in the embodiment 2, by using the innovative circuit topology structure of the present invention, compared with the comparative example 2, the embodiment 2 uses fewer liquid circuit resistors and achieves higher coulomb efficiency, which shows that the second circuit topology structure of the present invention can reduce the bypass current more effectively while reducing the cost, and improve the overall efficiency of the energy storage system. Further, as shown in fig. 5: embodiment 2 uses the second circuit topology, each group only needs to add 4 liquid path resistors, and the liquid path resistance between adjacent electric piles is 5r +2ra. As shown in fig. 7: comparative examples 2 to 7 do not use the loop topology of the present invention, potential differences exist between the stacks, liquid resistors are required for both the inlet and outlet, the number of resistors used is significantly increased, and the liquid resistance between adjacent stacks is R +2Ra, which is lower than that of example 2, so that the bypass current in example 2 using the loop topology of the present invention is significantly reduced, and the coulomb efficiency is higher. Through comparison between other embodiments and comparative examples, the loop topology structure provided by the invention is used under the condition that the total number of the galvanic piles is the same as the number of the galvanic piles of each circuit branch, so that the using number of the liquid circuit resistors can be greatly reduced, the coulomb efficiency of a system is greatly improved, and the loop topology structure provided by the invention can effectively reduce the construction cost, avoid bypass current and achieve the effect of system optimization.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered as the technical solutions and the inventive concepts of the present invention within the technical scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. A topological structure of a liquid flow battery energy storage power station loop is characterized in that: the device comprises a liquid path topological structure and a circuit topological structure; dividing all galvanic piles of the liquid flow energy storage power station into N galvanic pile groups, wherein N is a natural number, each galvanic pile group comprises M galvanic piles, and M is a natural number or a composite number;
the liquid path topology includes: connecting each galvanic pile to a positive electrolyte storage tank and a negative electrolyte storage tank arranged in the galvanic pile group in which the galvanic pile is arranged in each galvanic pile group through a liquid flow pipeline; no liquid path or no liquid path is communicated between the groups;
the circuit topology includes:
a first circuit topology: each electric pile group takes a single electric pile, and the electric pile groups are connected in series: sequentially taking one galvanic pile from each galvanic pile group, connecting the galvanic piles of different galvanic pile groups in series to form a branch, and forming M branches by analogy; all the branches are connected to the positive and negative electrodes of the energy storage converter through the bus;
the second circuit topology: the electric piles in each group are firstly formed into a series group and then are connected in series, the number of the electric piles in each electric pile group is M = axb, a represents the number of circuit branches, and b represents the number of the electric piles of a single series group in the group;
firstly, respectively connecting the 1 st electric pile in series to form a series group 11, and connecting the 2 nd, a +2 nd, 2a +2 nd, 8230, connecting the 8230in series, connecting the a (b-1) +2 nd electric pile in series to form a series group 12, and connecting the a (b-1) +2 th electric pile in series to form a series group 1a; by analogy, the a, 2a, 8230, ba electric pile circuits of the Nth electric pile group are connected in series to form a series group Na; then, respectively connecting corresponding series group groups in each electric pile group in series to form a circuit branch in turn, thus forming a circuit branches by all the series groups, and respectively adding two liquid circuit resistors into positive and negative outlets of ab-1 electric piles of each electric pile group, wherein the liquid circuit resistors are 4 (b-1) multiplied by N liquid flow resistors; and finally, respectively connecting all the branches to the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the energy storage converter through the bus bars.
2. The flow battery energy storage power station loop topology of claim 1, wherein: in the liquid path topological structure, each electric pile is provided with a valve, and the electric pile group is provided with a pump.
3. The flow battery energy storage power station loop topology of claim 1, wherein: in the first circuit topology structure, when the single electric piles of each electric pile group are connected in series, the number N of the electric pile groups is 2-100; the number M of the electric piles in each electric pile group is 2-100.
4. The flow battery energy storage power station loop topology of claim 1, wherein: in the second circuit topology structure, when the galvanic piles in each group are firstly formed into a series group and then connected in series, the number N of the galvanic pile groups is 2-100; the number M of the electric piles in each electric pile group is a total number between 2 and 100.
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CN113285108A (en) * | 2021-07-22 | 2021-08-20 | 北京和瑞储能科技有限公司 | Series-type flow battery energy storage device, energy storage system and electric power system |
Cited By (1)
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CN116154251A (en) * | 2023-04-14 | 2023-05-23 | 扬州西融储能科技有限公司 | Flow battery for reducing bypass current and arrangement mode thereof |
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