CN115662252A - A device for simulating human breathing lungs - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a device for simulating human respiratory lung, which comprises a servo motor, a speed reducer, a lower sensor bracket, a sliding plate, a proximity switch, a bushing, a sealing plate, a ball screw, a corrugated pipe, a guide shaft, an upper fixing plate, an air pipe joint, a screw support seat, an upper sensor bracket, a detection bolt, a screw support seat, a lower mounting plate, a support seat mounting plate and a coupler, wherein the lower sensor bracket is arranged on the lower sensor bracket; the servo motor moves to drive the ball screw to move, the ball screw drives the sliding plate to move on the guide shaft, the guide shaft enables the sliding plate to keep linear motion in the vertical direction, the guide shaft is provided with a lining, the lining reduces the gap and friction between the sliding plate and the guide shaft, the sliding plate moves up and down to drive the corrugated pipe to move up and down, the breathing process of the lung of a human body is simulated, and the breathing process of the lung can be directly observed. The device can realize shallow breathing, deep breathing and quiet breathing.

Description

A device for simulating human breathing lungs

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of breathing simulation, in particular to a device for simulating human breathing lungs.

Background technique

With the spread of the novel coronavirus epidemic, more and more people have conducted research on the transmission mechanism of respiratory viruses. The main medium for the virus transmission of respiratory diseases is small droplets of different particle sizes exhaled by the human body during respiration. important.

In the existing devices, the cylinder-type simulated lungs cannot clearly observe the changes of the lungs during inhalation and exhalation. In terms of simulated lung control, some devices use air pumping and inflation to inhale and discharge the simulated lungs. , this method cannot accurately control the breathing tidal volume of the simulated lung. Therefore, a device for simulating the breathing lung of a human body is proposed to solve the above problems.

It is impossible to accurately control the tidal volume of human breathing, and it is also impossible to clearly observe the changes of the lungs. Therefore, a device for simulating human breathing lungs is proposed to solve the above problems.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a device for simulating the breathing lungs of the human body, which has good controllability, high operating efficiency, and strong reliability, and can directly observe the changes in the breathing process of the human lungs, satisfying the shortcomings of the prior art. Requirements for real human breathing experiment equipment.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

A device for simulating human breathing and lungs, including a servo motor 1, a reducer 2, a lower sensor bracket 3, a sliding plate 4, a proximity switch 5, a bushing 6, a sealing plate 7, a ball screw 8, a bellows 9, Guide shaft 10, upper fixing plate 11, air pipe joint 12, lead screw support seat 13, upper sensor bracket 14, detection bolt 15, lead screw support seat 16, lower mounting plate 17, support seat mounting plate 18, shaft coupling 19;

The lower mounting plate 17 is a rectangular steel plate with a circular hole on the lower mounting plate 17, and the shaft coupling 19 is installed on the lower fixing plate 17 through the circular hole;

The servo motor 1 is connected to the reducer 2, and a key is arranged on the output shaft of the servo motor, and the key is connected to the output shaft of the servo motor and the inside of the reducer;

The screw support base 16 is fixed on the support base mounting plate 18, and the shaft coupling 19 is connected with the screw support base 16;

The sliding plate 4 is connected to the ball screw 8 and the guide shaft 10, the guide shaft 10 is fixed between the lower mounting plate 17 and the upper fixing plate 11, and the detection bolt 15 is fixed on the sliding plate 4;

The upper and lower positions of the bellows 9 are connected to the sealing plate 7 and the upper fixing plate 11, and the sealing plate 7 is connected to the sliding plate 4;

There is an inlet and outlet air pipe joint 12 at the connection between the bellows 9 and the upper fixing plate 11;

The proximity switch 5 is installed on the upper sensor bracket 14 and the lower sensor bracket 3, the upper sensor bracket 14 is placed on the upper fixing plate 11, and the lower sensor bracket 3 is placed on the lower mounting plate 17;

The servo motor 1 is provided with one, the servo motor 1 is fixed on the lower side of the lower mounting plate 17 through the reducer 2, the output shaft of the servo motor is connected with the reducer 2 through a key, the servo motor 1 is connected to the servo motor driver, and the servo motor driver The programmable controller S7-200smartPLC is used as the controller for PTO pulse control.

The shaft coupling 19 is fixed on the lower mounting plate 17, the shaft coupling 19 is connected to the screw support seat 13, and the reducer 2 is connected to the bottom of the shaft coupling 19. Achieve absolute synchronization.

The sliding plate 4 is connected to the ball screw 8 and the guide shaft 10. The sliding plate 4 moves up and down following the motion of the ball screw 8. The guide shaft 10 is responsible for the linear motion of the sliding plate 4 in the direction of moving up and down. The sliding plate has a detection bolt 15. Carry out the detection of the movement limit of the sliding plate 4 .

The bellows sealing plate 7 is connected with the sliding plate 4, and the vertical movement of the sliding plate 8 drives the bellows 9 to move up and down, simulating the exhalation and inhalation process of human lungs.

The bellows 9 is connected to the sealing plate 7 and the fixing plate 11 is connected to the top, and the air pipe joint 12 communicates with the inside of the bellows 9, and the breathing operation between the inner space of the bellows 9 and the outside air can be performed through the air pipe joint 12.

The two proximity switches 5 are respectively placed on the upper and lower ends of the lower mounting plate 17 and the upper fixing plate 11 through the lower sensor support frame 3 and the upper sensor support frame 14, and the line signals of the proximity switches 5 are connected with the programmable controller PLC.

The beneficial effect that the present invention obtains is:

1. The present invention is a device for simulating human breathing and lungs. The movement of the servo motor drives the ball screw to move, and the ball screw drives the sliding plate to move on the guide shaft. The guide shaft keeps the sliding plate in a straight line in the vertical direction, and the guide There is a bushing on the shaft, which reduces the gap and friction between the sliding plate and the guide shaft. The up and down movement of the sliding plate drives the bellows to move up and down, so as to simulate the process of exhalation and inhalation of human lungs, and the lungs can be directly observed. internal breathing process.

2. The present invention is a device for simulating human breathing lungs. The servo motor is controlled by a driver and a PLC controller. The movement frequency and movement distance of the servo motor can directly determine the breathing frequency and breathing intensity of the bellows simulated lung. Through the PLC controller Setting the frequency and total number of output high-speed pulses can precisely control the breathing process of different frequencies and intensities. Therefore, it is suitable for accurately simulating the breathing process of different volumes and frequencies, and can also realize circular breathing.

3. The present invention is a device for simulating human breathing lungs. The upper sensor bracket and the lower sensor bracket are equipped with proximity switches, the sliding plate is equipped with detection bolts, and the movement range of the bellows is within the upper sensor bracket proximity switch and the lower sensor bracket proximity switch. Between them, the operation safety of the bellows simulated lung and the whole device is effectively protected.

4. In the present invention, bellows are used for simulation. The up and down movement of the bellows is similar to the process of inhalation and exhalation of the lungs, so the changes of the lungs can be observed, controlled by the movement of the servo motor, and controlled by the PLC. As a controller, precise control can be achieved.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a kind of device structural representation for simulating human breathing lung of the present invention;

Among them: 1 servo motor, 2 reducer, 3 lower sensor bracket, 4 sliding plate, 5 proximity switch, 6 bushing, 7 sealing plate, 8 ball screw, 9 bellows, 10 guide shaft, 11 upper fixing plate, 12 Air pipe joint, 13 lead screw support seat, 14 upper sensor bracket, 15 detection bolt, 16 lead screw support seat, 17 lower mounting plate, 18 support seat mounting plate, 19 shaft coupling.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, but not as a limitation of the present invention.

Example 1

A device for simulating human breathing and lungs, which includes a servo motor 1, a reducer 2, a lower sensor bracket 3, a sliding plate 4, a proximity switch 5, a bushing 6, a sealing plate 7, a ball screw 8, and a bellows 9. Guide shaft 10, upper fixing plate 11, air pipe joint 12, lead screw support seat 13, upper sensor bracket 14, detection bolt 15, lead screw support seat 16, lower mounting plate 17, support seat mounting plate 18, shaft coupling 19; suitable for simulating the breathing process of human lungs.

The lower mounting plate is a rectangular steel plate with a circular hole on the lower mounting plate, and the shaft coupling 19 is installed on the lower fixing plate through the circular hole.

The servo motor 1 is connected with the reducer 2, and a key is arranged on the output shaft of the servo motor, and the key is connected with the output shaft of the servo motor and the inside of the reducer.

The screw support base 16 is fixed on the support base mounting plate 18 , and the shaft coupling 19 is connected with the screw support base 16 .

Slide plate 4 is connected to ball screw 8 and guide shaft 10, and guide shaft 10 is fixed between lower mounting plate 17 and upper fixed plate 11, and detection bolt 15 is fixed on the slide plate 4, and slide plate can slide back and forth along guide shaft.

One end of the bellows 9 close to the servo motor 1 is provided with a sealing plate 7 , the sealing plate 7 is fixed with the sliding plate 4 , and the other end of the bellows 9 is fixedly connected to the inner side of the fixing plate 11 .

There is an inlet and outlet air pipe joint 12 at the joint between the inside of the bellows and the upper fixing plate 11 .

Proximity switch 5 is installed on the upper sensor support 14, and upper sensor support 14 is installed on the upper fixed plate 11, also is installed with a proximity switch by a lower sensor support 3 on lower mounting plate 17.

There is one servo motor 1, the servo motor is fixed on the lower side of the lower mounting plate 17 through the reducer 2, the output shaft reducer of the servo motor is connected through the key phase, the servo motor 1 is connected to the servo motor driver, and the servo motor driver is controlled by the programmable controller S7 -200smartPLC acts as a controller for PTO pulse control.

The shaft coupling 19 is fixed on the lower mounting plate 17, the shaft coupling is connected with the screw support seat 16, and the speed reducer 2 is connected with the bottom. Through the shaft coupling 19, the motion of the output shaft of the servo motor and the ball screw 8 is absolutely synchronized.

The sliding plate 4 is installed on the ball screw 8 and the guide shaft 10. The sliding plate 4 moves up and down following the movement of the ball screw 8. The guide shaft 10 is responsible for the linear motion of the sliding plate 4 in the direction of moving up and down. The sliding plate 4 has detection bolts 15. Carry out the detection of the movement limit of the sliding plate 4 .

The sealing plate 7 is connected with the sliding plate 4, and the up and down movement of the sliding plate drives the bellows to move up and down, simulating the exhalation and inhalation process of human lungs.

The bellows is connected to the sealing plate and connected to the fixed plate, and the air pipe joint 12 communicates with the inside of the bellows 9, and the breathing operation between the inner space of the bellows and the outside air can be performed through the air pipe joint 12.

The line signals of the two proximity switches 5 are connected with the programmable controller PLC.

There are two bellows, which are symmetrically fixed on both sides of the ball screw. One end of the ball screw is fixed on the upper fixing plate 11, and the other end passes through the sliding plate and is fixed together with the screw support seat. The bellows are installed on the sliding Between the plate and the upper fixed plate, follow the ball screw to achieve compression or tension.

The specific breathing process is as follows:

During the suction process, the lower limit of the proximity switch is in the off state, the programmable controller PLC controls the servo motor to rotate forward, the programmable controller PLC sends a certain number of high-speed pulses within a certain period of time, and the servo motor is driven by the reducer and the coupling The ball screw screw rotates downward, the ball screw drives the sliding plate and the sealing plate to move downward, the air port of the bellows sucks gas into the bellows from the outside, the bellows expands, and the proximity switch on the lower sensor bracket detects the position of the detection bolt When the lower limit is reached or the number of pulses is sent, the servo motor stops moving, the shape of the bellows remains constant, and the suction process is completed.

During the breath-holding process, the servo motor stops moving, and the shape of the bellows continues to maintain a constant state.

During the exhalation process, the upper limit of the proximity switch is in the off state, the programmable controller PLC controls the servo motor to rotate in reverse, the programmable controller PLC sends a certain number of high-speed pulses within a certain period of time, and the servo motor is driven by the reducer and the coupling The ball screw rotates upwards, the ball screw drives the sliding plate and the sealing plate to move upwards, the bellows discharges the internal gas to the outside through the air port, the bellows shrinks, and the proximity switch on the upper sensor bracket detects that the position of the detection bolt reaches the upper limit or After the number of pulses is sent, the servo motor stops moving, the shape of the bellows remains constant, and the exhalation process is completed.

The upper limit and the lower limit are respectively the state of the upper limit position and the lower limit position that the sliding plate can move to under the action of the ball screw, and the specific positions are detected by the corresponding detection bolts.

Example 2

The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that the rapid breathing process of the human body is simulated, and the programmable controller PLC controls the bellows to simulate the lung to inhale and exhale without interruption, and there is no breath-holding process, thereby effectively simulating the rapid breathing process of the human body.

Other structures of this embodiment are the same as those of Embodiment 1, and will not be repeated here.

In the present invention, orientation words such as up, down, left, and right are relative concepts, and the side where the servo motor 1 is located is the bottom, and the side where the above fixing plate is located is the top.

The invention uses bellows to simulate human lungs, the servo motor is fixed on the lower mounting plate through the reducer, the reducer is connected to the screw support seat by the coupling, the sliding plate is connected to the ball screw and the guide shaft, and the ball screw drives The sliding plate moves up and down, and the guide shaft is responsible for the linear motion of the sliding plate up and down. There is a bushing at the connection between the sliding plate and the guiding shaft. The bushing can reduce the gap and friction between the sliding plate and the guiding shaft. The joint between the bellows and the sliding plate has a There is a sealing plate, the sealing plate improves the airtightness of the bellows, the lower mounting plate and the upper fixing plate are equipped with sensor brackets and proximity switches, the sliding plate is equipped with detection bolts, and the proximity switch detects the position of the bolts to limit the movement of the sliding plate to protect the equipment. The upper fixing plate is provided with a gas pipe connector, and the gas pipe connector communicates with the inside of the bellows. The present invention precisely controls the movement of the sliding plate on the ball screw by the servo motor to drive the bellows to move up and down, and the exhalation and inhalation process of the lungs can be observed from the appearance, and the precise control of the servo motor can realize the precise control of the respiratory tidal volume.

What is not mentioned in the present invention is applicable to the prior art.

Claims (8)

1. A device for simulating human breathing lungs, characterized in that the device includes a servo motor, a reducer, a lower sensor bracket, a sliding plate, a proximity switch, a bushing, a sealing plate, a ball screw, a bellows, a guide Shaft, upper fixing plate, air pipe joint, lead screw support seat, upper sensor bracket, detection bolts, lead screw support seat, lower mounting plate, support seat mounting plate and coupling; The lower mounting plate is a rectangular steel plate with a circular hole on the lower mounting plate, and the coupling is installed on the lower fixing plate through the circular hole; The servo motor is connected to a reducer, and a key is arranged on the output shaft of the servo motor, and the key is connected to the output shaft of the servo motor and the inside of the reducer; The screw support seat is fixed on the support seat mounting plate, and the shaft coupling is connected with the lead screw support seat; The sliding plate is connected to the ball screw and the guide shaft, the guide shaft is fixed between the lower mounting plate and the upper fixing plate, and the detection bolt is fixed to the sliding plate; The upper and lower positions of the bellows are connected to the sealing plate and the upper fixing plate, and the sealing plate is connected to the sliding plate; There is an air inlet and outlet joint at the connection between the bellows and the upper fixing plate; The proximity switch is installed on the upper sensor bracket and the lower sensor bracket, the upper sensor bracket is placed on the upper fixing plate, and the lower sensor bracket is placed on the lower mounting plate. 2. A kind of device for simulating the breathing lung of human body as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described servomotor is provided with one, and servomotor is fixed on the lower side of lower mounting plate by speed reducer, and servomotor output shaft and The reducer is connected through key phases, the servo motor is connected to the servo motor driver, and the servo motor driver is controlled by the programmable controller S7-200smartPLC as the controller for PTO pulse. 3. A device for simulating human breathing lungs as claimed in claim 1, wherein the shaft coupling is fixed on the lower mounting plate, the shaft coupling is connected to the screw support seat, and the speed reducer is connected to the bottom of the shaft coupling. The coupling realizes the absolute synchronization of the movement of the output shaft of the servo motor and the supporting seat of the screw. 4. A device for simulating human breathing lungs as claimed in claim 1, wherein the sliding plate is connected to the ball screw and the guide shaft, the sliding plate moves up and down following the motion of the ball screw, and the guide shaft is responsible for The linear movement of the sliding plate in the direction of up and down movement, the sliding plate is equipped with detection bolts to detect the movement limit of the sliding plate. 5. A device for simulating human breathing lungs as claimed in claim 1, wherein the sealing plate of the bellows is connected with the sliding plate, and the up and down movement of the sliding plate drives the up and down movement of the bellows, simulating the exhalation of human lungs with the inspiratory process. 6. A device for simulating human breathing lungs according to claim 1, characterized in that the corrugated tube is connected to the sealing plate and connected to the fixed plate, the trachea joint communicates with the inside of the bellows, and the bellows interior is connected through the trachea joint. Space and outside air breathing ventilation operation. 7. A device for simulating human breathing lungs as claimed in claim 1, wherein two proximity switches are respectively placed on the lower mounting plate and the upper and lower ends of the upper fixing plate through the lower sensor support frame and the upper sensor support , The signal of the proximity switch is connected with the programmable controller PLC. 8. A device for simulating human breathing lungs as claimed in claim 1, wherein the movement of the servo motor drives the ball screw to move, and the ball screw drives the sliding plate to move on the guide shaft, and the guide shaft Keep the sliding plate moving in a straight line in the vertical direction. There is a bushing on the guide shaft. The bushing reduces the gap and friction between the sliding plate and the guiding shaft. The up and down movement of the sliding plate drives the bellows to move up and down, thus simulating the human lungs The process of exhalation and inhalation can directly observe the breathing process of the lungs; The servo motor is controlled by a driver and a PLC controller. The frequency and distance of the servo motor directly determine the breathing frequency and breathing intensity of the bellows simulated lung. The frequency and total number of high-speed pulses output by the PLC controller are set to precisely control different frequencies and Intensity of the breathing process; suitable for accurately simulating the breathing process of different volumes and frequencies, and can also achieve circular breathing; The upper sensor bracket and the lower sensor bracket have proximity switches, the sliding plate has detection bolts, and the bellows movement range is between the proximity switches of the upper sensor bracket and the lower sensor bracket, which effectively protects the bellows simulated lung and the whole device. Safe to run.

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