CN115660304A - Rural comprehensive energy system planning method based on multi-industry cooperation - Google Patents
Rural comprehensive energy system planning method based on multi-industry cooperation Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a rural comprehensive energy system planning method based on multi-industry cooperation, which comprises the following steps: step 1: constructing a rural comprehensive energy frame and a multi-industrial model; step 2: constructing a rural comprehensive energy system energy flow graph considering multi-industry cooperation based on a multi-industry cooperation mode; and 3, step 3: establishing a target function of the rural comprehensive energy system with the minimum planned total cost according to the energy flow diagram obtained in the step 2; establishing constraint conditions, and solving the objective function to obtain an optimal planning scheme; the coordination of rural multi-element industry is considered, and the energy consumption cost can be effectively reduced; the rural multivariate load can be used as a flexible resource to participate in demand side response, the overall energy cost of the multivariate industry is reduced through the mutual coordination among the multivariate industry, and the economic benefit is improved; can reduce the agricultural production cost and ensure the maximum profit while meeting the energy consumption requirement of the country industry.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of rural comprehensive energy system planning, in particular to a rural comprehensive energy system planning method based on multi-industry cooperation.
Background
The traditional energy consumption mode of the country meets the power consumption requirement by purchasing electricity from a power grid, and the crop straws and coal are combusted to obtain heat energy. The traditional energy utilization mode has low energy utilization efficiency and outstanding environmental protection problem, and the safety and the reliability of energy supply are difficult to guarantee. In modern Chinese rural areas, after the production scale and technology are highly centralized, the energy production, transmission, conversion, storage and consumption of the rural areas are fundamentally transformed.
The prior technical scheme, such as an energy-environment-economic robust optimization model [ J/OL ] based on a novel rural industrial structure, namely an energy-environment-economic robust optimization model [ J/OL ] and China Motor engineering journal [ 1-21 ], [2021-11-09 ]), provides that the rural industries, such as animal husbandry, breeding industry and product processing, have strong production and consumption complementarity with a comprehensive energy system. On one hand, the system utilizes the multi-energy coupling equipment to produce energy sources such as electricity, gas, heat and the like, and meets the energy utilization requirements of the rural multi-element industry. The multi-industry feeds agricultural biomass such as straws, livestock manure and the like back to the comprehensive energy system. On the other hand, the operation of various industries can be maintained by using energy sources such as electricity, heat, gas and the like generated by the biomass through equipment such as a methane tank, pyrolysis gasification and the like. However, this method only considers the energy balance of the multiplex industry, but still does not consider the coordination of the rural multiplex industry and the full utilization of the rural resources, resulting in an increase in energy cost. And moreover, the full utilization of rural resources cannot be considered, and the economic cost is increased.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a rural comprehensive energy system planning method based on multi-industry coordination, which is coordinated by multi-industry and has good economic benefit aiming at the problems in the prior art.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a rural comprehensive energy system planning method based on multi-industry cooperation comprises the following steps:
step 1: constructing a rural comprehensive energy frame and a multi-element industrial model;
and 2, step: constructing a rural comprehensive energy system energy flow graph considering multi-industry cooperation based on a multi-industry cooperation mode;
and 3, step 3: establishing a target function of the rural comprehensive energy system with the minimum planned total cost according to the energy flow diagram obtained in the step 2; and (4) establishing constraint conditions, and solving the objective function to obtain an optimal planning scheme.
Further, the objective function in step 3 is as follows:
min Z＝C inv +C op +C E +C F +C DR -C sub
in the formula: total planning cost, C, of Z rural complex energy system inv For the construction cost of the rural energy system, C op For maintenance costs, C E To environmental cost, C F To purchase energy costs, C DR Coordinating costs for multiple industries, C sub The garbage treatment benefit is obtained.
Further, the construction cost is as follows:
in the formula: n is a radical of hydrogen station The total number of equipment in the country integrated energy system, r is the rate of occurrence, P i 、T i 、φ i Respectively the planning capacity, the life cycle and the unit capacity construction cost of the equipment i;
the maintenance cost is as follows:
in the formula: p s,t Is the output of the device s and,
a unit contribution maintenance cost for the equipment s;
the environmental cost is as follows:
in the formula: j is the energy in a different form,
to the carbon emission cost, xi j Is the carbon emission coefficient, P e,j,t Is unit electric power, P h,j,t Is a unit thermal power, P g,j,t The carbon emission of unit natural gas combustion is J, which is an energy set in different forms, and T is 24 moments;
the energy purchase cost is as follows:
in the formula (I);
is the electricity purchase price at the time of t,
for the gas purchase price at the time t,
is the purchased electric power at the time t,
the gas purchasing power at the moment t;
the garbage treatment gains are as follows:
in the formula:
available revenue for processing k-type garbage, m k (t) is the amount of garbage processed for k types in t time period.
Further, the constraint conditions in the step 3 include equipment model selection constraint, power balance constraint, equipment climbing constraint and multiple industry adjustable load constraint;
and (3) equipment type selection constraint:
in the formula: p s For each planned installation capacity, P s min As a minimum value of the installation capacity, P s max In order to maximize the installation capacity,
for the installation factor of the equipment s in the rural comprehensive energy system,
the model selection coefficient of the equipment s in the rural comprehensive energy system is obtained;
and power balance constraint:
in the formula:
is the electrical load of the system and is,
for system thermal load, P g For system air load, P PT (t)、P WT (t)、P PG (t)、 P BG (t) electric power P respectively provided for the solar photo-thermal equipment, the fan, the pyrolysis gasification unit and the methane unit ESS (t) is stored power;
is the thermal power of the solar photo-thermal equipment,
provides the heat power for the methane unit,
the heat power provided for the methane boiler is provided,
the thermal power provided for the pyrolysis gasification unit,
gas power, P, for purchasing gas for gas network AB Is a marshGas power, P, of gas-making apparatus EC (t) power of the electric refrigerating unit, P TES In order to store the heat power,
the gas power, P, consumed by various gas-consuming equipments GSS The gas storage power;
equipment climbing restraint:
in the formula: p is x,min For minimum operating power, P, of various energy plants x,max Maximum operating power for various energy devices, D x For uphill power of different energy plants, B x The power of different energy devices for climbing downwards, delta t is the climbing time,
is the climbing power;
the adjustable load constraints of the multiple industries are as follows:
P E,AD,min (t)≤P E,AD (t)≤P E,AD,max (t)
P H,AD,min (t)≤P H,AD (t)≤P H,AD,max (t)
P G,AD,min (t)≤P G,AD (t)≤P G,AD,max (t)
in the formula: p E,AD,min (t) the lower regulation limit of the electrical load of the multiplex industry, P H,AD,min (t) the lower regulation limit of the thermal load of the multiplex industry, P G,AD,min (t) is the lower regulation limit of the gas load of the multiplex industry; p is E,AD,max (t) is the upper limit of regulation of the electrical load of the multiplex industry, P H,AD,max (t) is the upper limit of regulation of the thermal load of the multiplex industry, P G,AD,max (t) is the upper limit of regulation of the gas load of the multiplex industry; p E,AD (t) is the electrical load of the multiplex industry, P H,AD (t) is the multiple industry Heat load, P G,AD (t) is the gas load of the multiplex industry.
Further, in the step 1, the rural comprehensive energy framework is input with photovoltaic, biomass waste, power grid power purchasing and gas grid power purchasing; the output is electric, heat and gas energy; the energy coupling equipment comprises an electric boiler, a gas boiler and a methane unit; the energy storage equipment comprises a greenhouse, agricultural product processing and residential users;
the multi-element industrial model comprises an agricultural planting industry model, a breeding industry model and an agricultural product processing model.
Further, in step 2, a demand side response DR is implemented in multi-industry collaboration:
P DR ＝ξ cut P cut,i (t)+ξ mov,i P mov,i (t)+ξ re,i P re,i (t)
in the formula: c DR Compensating costs, ξ, for DR of multiple loads cut For reducing the load proportionality coefficient, xi mov For shifting the load proportionality coefficient xi re In place of the load proportionality coefficient, delta cut Cutting cost factor, delta, for DR mov For DR transfer cost coefficient, δ re A compensation cost factor for replacing the load with DR; p cut,i (t) is an interruptible load, P mov,i (t) is transferable load, P re,i (t) is an alternative load.
Further, the agricultural planting industry comprises a light supplementing model, a temperature adjusting model and a water supplementing model;
a light supplement model:
I(t)＝[I E -I e (t)] 2 ·μ 1 +[I E -I e (t)]·μ 2 +μ 3
in the formula: i (t) is the fill light quantity, P E (t) energy consumption for illumination, I E Standard light intensity for greenhouse crop growth, I e (t) is the intensity of light at time t of the greenhouse crop, mu 1 、μ 2 、μ 3 Is the fitting coefficient, S is the greenhouse area, phi 0 The luminous flux of a unit area is shown, xi is a correction coefficient, N is the number of the light supplement lamps, and eta is the luminous efficiency of the light supplement lamps;
a temperature adjusting model:
in the formula:
for lost heat power, T indoor Is the temperature in the greenhouse; t is out Ambient temperature outside the greenhouse;
thermal power for supplying to the greenhouse;
the heat power lost for the greenhouse; c. C m M is the specific heat capacity of air in the greenhouse k Air quality in the greenhouse; delta. For the preparation of a coating loss The heat dissipation coefficient of the greenhouse;
and (3) a water supplementing model:
in the formula: g t (t) Water requirement for irrigation at time t, P e (t) is the electric power of the water supply, h st Standard humidity of air, h s (t) is the humidity of the air for a period of t,
for the fitting coefficient, ρ is the density of water and g is the gravity accelerationDegree, Z m The geometric lift is adopted; eta e The mechanical efficiency of the water pump is obtained;
energy cost for agricultural planting industry C ir Model:
in the formula: c. C E 、c H 、c G Respectively electricity, heat and gas prices, P E (t) is the electric power for agricultural planting,
for agricultural plant thermal power, P ir,G The gas power for agricultural planting;
in the formula: m is st The amount of excrement in rural aquaculture; m is i,j,in And m i,j,out The amount of excrement and urine generated every day is respectively the amount of excrement and urine generated by the livestock and poultry on and off the ith livestock and poultry; n is a radical of hydrogen i,j,in And N i,j,out Respectively the number of the i-th livestock and poultry for stock and stock;
total energy consumption cost C for animal husbandry 1b The following were used:
in the formula: c. C E 、c H 、c G Respectively the electricity price, the heat price and the gas price of the breeding industry; p is 1b，E (t) power of farming, P 1b,H (t) Heat Power, P, for aquaculture 1b,G (t) the aquaculture rate;
the agricultural product processing model is as follows:
the electric refrigeration storage model is as follows:
L c (t)＝P c (t)η c
in the formula: l is a radical of an alcohol c (t) is the cooling load demand;P c (t) refrigerator power; eta c To the refrigeration efficiency;
total energy cost of agricultural product processing C ap Comprises the following steps:
in the formula: p is ap (t)、P ap,H (t)、P ap,G (t) are the electrical, thermal and gas loads required by the agricultural product processing industry, respectively.
Further, the rural comprehensive energy frame input modeling comprises a methane model, a pyrolysis gasification power generation model and a solar photo-thermal power generation model;
a methane model:
E bio ＝a|T z -T o |+b
in the formula: e bio Is the output per unit time of the methane tank, T z 、T o Actual reaction temperature and optimum reaction temperature, respectively, a and b are coefficients obtained by data fitting,
in order to maintain the heat energy required by the methane tank at 35 ℃,
is dissipated thermal energy; v B The volume of the biogas reaction tank; c. C m Heat capacity of charge, ρ m For the density of the material to be fed, M for the mass of the material to be fed, A o Is the heat dissipation area in the pool, k o For heat transfer coefficient, T e The external temperature of the methane tank;
pyrolysis gasification power generation model:
in the formula: v fuel (t) is the gas production of the pyrolysis gasification unit, m f (t) is the gasification amount of garbage at time t, beta f Is the gasifiable coefficient of the garbage, eta f For pyrolysis furnace efficiency, P PG (t) power generated by the gas turbine, lambda f Is a combustible gas content, Q f Combustion heat value of combustible gas, eta PG For the power generation efficiency of the gas turbine, P PG,H (t) waste heat recovery efficiency of gas turbine, η 1 And η h Respectively a heat loss coefficient and a flue gas utilization coefficient of the gas turbine;
solar photo-thermal power generation model:
in the formula: p PT The power is the photo-thermal power generation power; eta st Generating efficiency for the steam turbine; e solar Heat energy provided for the heat collection system; x is the number of p The heat energy proportional coefficient of the steam turbine; h PT-H The power is generated by photo-thermal heat; eta ex To heat exchanger efficiency; eta WH The waste heat recovery efficiency of the steam turbine is improved.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) The method can meet the energy utilization requirement of the country industry, reduce the agricultural production cost and ensure the maximization of the income;
(2) The coordination of rural multi-element industry is considered, and the energy consumption cost can be effectively reduced;
(3) The rural multi-element load can be used as a flexible resource to participate in demand side response, and through mutual coordination among multi-element industries, the overall energy cost of the multi-element industries is reduced, and the economic benefit is improved;
(4) The invention considers the development of the rural multi-element industry fully and utilizes the rural natural resources, and can effectively reduce the energy purchasing cost and the environmental problem of the rural area.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a power flow diagram of the rural comprehensive energy system in the invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a multi-industrial system according to the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a functional flow chart of the waste gasification treatment in the pyrolysis gasification power generation model of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a typical summer daily load curve in an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a typical daily load curve in winter according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a comparison of cost analysis of the optimized solution and the comparison solution of the present invention in the example of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram illustrating load curve changes before and after considering demand response according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and specific embodiments.
A rural comprehensive energy system planning method based on multi-industry cooperation comprises the following steps:
step 1: constructing a rural comprehensive energy frame and a multi-industrial model;
the energy frame inputs photovoltaic, biomass waste, electric network purchase electricity and gas network purchase gas; the output is electric, heat and gas energy; the energy coupling equipment comprises an electric boiler, a gas boiler and a methane unit; the energy storage equipment comprises a greenhouse, agricultural product processing and resident users; the output of the energy-saving device is the sale of various energy sources of electricity, heat and gas and agricultural and sideline products.
The multi-element industrial model comprises an agricultural planting industry model, a breeding industry model and an agricultural product processing model.
The rural comprehensive energy frame input modeling comprises a methane model, a pyrolysis gasification power generation model and a solar photo-thermal power generation model;
the mixed fermentation of the feces of livestock breeding and the rural kitchen waste is carried out to prepare the biogas, which can be used for generating electricity by a biogas unit and heating a biogas boiler for greenhouses and residents. Meanwhile, the residual biogas residues and biogas slurry after fermentation can also be used as fertilizers. Because the methane yield of the methane tank is greatly influenced by the temperature, certain heat energy is needed to maintain the normal fermentation of the methane tank. Generally, when the biogas is at the optimal reaction temperature (35 +/-1 ℃), the raw material utilization rate and the reaction rate are highest, and the gas production rate is the largest.
A methane model:
E bio ＝a|T z -T o |+b
in the formula: e bio The output per unit time and unit m of the methane tank 3 /t；T z 、T o Respectively actual reaction temperature and optimum reaction temperature, calculating time T o Taking the mixture to 35 ℃; a and b are coefficients obtained by fitting the data,
in order to maintain the heat energy required by the methane tank at 35 ℃,
is dissipated thermal energy; v B The volume of the methane reaction tank; c. C m The unit of J.Kg is the heat capacity of the feed -1 ·K -1 ；ρ m The unit is Kg.m for the density of the fed material -3 (ii) a M is the mass of the feed, kg, A o Is the heat dissipation area in the pool, and the unit is m 2 ；k o Is a heat transfer coefficient and has a unit of W.m -2 ·K -1 ；T e Is the external temperature of the methane tank and has the unit of K.
Pyrolysis gasification generally utilizes agricultural and forestry organic wastes such as straws as raw materials, and wastes classified in rural areas such as waste plastics and braided fabrics can be recycled. The combustible gas is obtained by crushing or granulating, usually by pyrolyzing gas, and the purified gas can be supplied by co-generation through a gas turbine, as shown in fig. 3.
Pyrolysis gasification power generation model:
in the formula:V fuel (t) the gas generation power of the pyrolysis gasifier in m 3 ·t -1 ；m f (t) is the gasification quantity of the garbage at the time t, and the unit is Kg.t -1 ；β f Is the gasifiable coefficient of garbage and has the unit of m 3 ·Kg -1 ；η f For pyrolysis furnace efficiency, P PG (t) power generated by the gas turbine, lambda f Is a combustible gas content, Q f The combustion heat value of the combustible gas is 4185.8 kJ.m 3 ；η PG For the efficiency of the gas turbine power generation, P PG,H (t) waste heat recovery efficiency, eta, of the gas turbine 1 And η h The coefficient of heat loss and the coefficient of flue gas utilization of the gas turbine are respectively.
The solar photo-thermal power generation utilizes the sunlight to gather to generate high-temperature steam, one part of the high-temperature steam is used for generating power through a steam turbine, and the other part of the high-temperature steam is used for supplying heat.
Solar photo-thermal power generation model:
in the formula: p is PT The power is the photo-thermal power generation power; eta st Generating efficiency for the steam turbine; e solar Heat energy provided for the heat collecting system; x is the number of p The heat energy proportional coefficient of the steam turbine; h PT-H The power is generated by photo-thermal heat; a ex To the heat exchanger efficiency; eta WH The waste heat recovery efficiency of the steam turbine is improved.
The multi-element industrial model comprises an agricultural planting industry model, a breeding industry model and an agricultural product processing model.
The agricultural planting industry comprises a light supplementing model, a temperature adjusting model and a water supplementing model;
light supplement and the like are important equipment for regulating and controlling the environment of facility agriculture, and when the natural light intensity is insufficient, extra light intensity can be provided to promote the growth of crops. The light supplement amount of the greenhouse is closely related to the weather conditions; and calculating the light supplement amount and the illumination energy consumption by adopting a data fitting mode.
A light supplement model:
I(t)＝[I E -I e (t)] 2 ·μ 1 +[I E -I e (t)]·μ 2 +μ 3
in the formula: i (t) is the fill light quantity, P E (t) energy consumption for illumination, I E Standard illumination intensity for greenhouse crop growth in lux, I e (t) is the intensity of light at time t of the greenhouse crop in lux, mu 1 、μ 2 、μ 3 Is the fitting coefficient, S is the greenhouse area, in m 2 ；φ 0 Is luminous flux per unit area, and has a unit of lx · m -2 (ii) a Xi is correction coefficient, N is number of light supplement lamps, eta is luminous efficiency of the light supplement lamps, and unit is lm.W -1 。
The mixing amount of crops is often influenced by the height of the greenhouse in the greenhouse, so that the research on a temperature regulation model of the greenhouse is necessary. The thermal environment of a hot water heating system based facility can generally be described using heating, ventilation and air conditioning models. The typical representation method of the equivalent thermal parameters of the heating, ventilating and air conditioning unit is as follows:
a temperature adjusting model:
in the formula: t is indoor Is the temperature in the greenhouse; t is out Ambient temperature outside the greenhouse;
thermal power for supplying to the greenhouse;
the heat power lost by the greenhouse; c. C m Is the specific heat capacity of air in the greenhouse, and the unit is kJ.Kg -1 ·K -1 ；m k Air quality in the greenhouse; delta loss The heat dissipation coefficient of the greenhouse;
the water demand of greenhouse fabrics is closely related to the climatic conditions, and the crop water storage capacity is calculated by taking the air humidity as a condition.
And (3) a water replenishing model:
in the formula: g t (t) Water requirement for irrigation at time t, P e (t) is the electric power of the water supply, h st Standard humidity of air, relative humidity is 50%; h is a total of s (t) is the humidity of the air for a period t,
for the fitting coefficient, ρ is the density of water, g is the acceleration of gravity, in g.m -2 ；Z m The geometric lift is adopted; eta e The mechanical efficiency of the water pump.
Energy cost for agricultural planting industry C ir Model:
in the formula: c. C E 、c H 、c G Respectively electricity, heat and gas prices, P E (t) is the electric power for agricultural planting,
for agricultural planting thermal power, P ir,G The gas power for agricultural planting;
the breeding industry model is as follows: wherein the manure amount of the livestock breeding industry is as follows:
in the formula: m is st The amount of the excrement in the rural aquaculture industry; m is i,j,in And m i,j,out The amount of excrement and urine generated every day is respectively the amount of excrement and urine generated by the livestock and poultry on and off the ith livestock and poultry; n is a radical of i,j,in And N i,j,out Respectively the number of the i-th livestock and poultry for stock and stock;
total energy consumption cost C for animal husbandry 1b The following:
in the formula: c. C E 、c H 、c G Respectively the electricity price, the heat price and the gas price of the breeding industry; p 1b (t) is the farm electric power, P 1b,H (t) Heat Power, P, for aquaculture 1b,G And (t) is the aquaculture gas power.
Agricultural product processing model
Agricultural and sideline products produced in the planting industry, the animal husbandry and the like need to be deeply processed and then sold, and meanwhile, part of the products need to be frozen and stored.
The electric refrigeration storage model is as follows:
L c (t)＝P c (t)η c
in the formula: l is a radical of an alcohol c (t) is the cooling load demand; p c (t) refrigerator power; eta c For the efficiency of refrigeration;
total energy cost of agricultural product processing C ap Comprises the following steps:
in the formula: p ap (t)、P ap,H (t)、P ap,G (t) are the electrical, thermal and gas loads required by the agricultural product processing industry, respectively.
And 2, step: constructing a rural comprehensive energy system energy flow graph considering multi-industry cooperation based on a multi-industry cooperation mode;
the collaborative model of the multiplex industry is shown in fig. 2. Wherein, the agricultural planting industry, the livestock breeding industry and the agricultural product processing industry transfer corresponding garbage to the waste treatment industry for treatment through the garbage removal and transportation vehicle. On the other hand, the waste treatment industry can supply energy in cooperation with the renewable energy power generation industry by treating various wastes, and the fermentation residual product of the methane tank can also be used as crop fertilizer.
In order to fully consume renewable energy sources and suppress peak-valley difference, the demand side response DR is implemented in consideration of the loads of agricultural planting industry, livestock breeding industry and agricultural product processing industry within an allowable range, and multiple industrial loads participate in DR, so that appropriate economic compensation can be given to the industrial loads. Transferable load and industrial load compensation costs are as follows:
P DR ＝ξ cut P cut,i (t)+ξ mov,i P mov,i (t)+ξ re,i P re,i (t)
in the formula: c DR Compensating costs, ξ, for DR of multiple loads cut For reducing the load proportionality coefficient xi mov For shifting the load proportionality coefficient xi re In place of the load proportionality coefficient, delta cut Reduction of cost factor, δ, for DR mov For DR transfer cost coefficient, δ re A compensation cost factor for replacing the load for DR; p is cut,i (t) interruptible load power, P mov,i (t) is transferable load power, P re,i (t) is the alternative load power.
The energy flow diagram is shown in fig. 1, and the energy supply inside the rural multi-energy complex containing agricultural planting, livestock breeding and agricultural product processing mainly comprises photovoltaic and wind power. Waste energy utilization equipment capable of processing rural biomass waste and household garbage is considered, and a multi-element coordination energy storage system is used as a flexible adjustment resource. The outside of the multi-energy complex is connected with a power distribution network and a gas network.
And step 3: establishing a target function of the rural comprehensive energy system with the minimum planned total cost according to the energy flow diagram obtained in the step 2; and (5) establishing constraint conditions, and solving the objective function to obtain an optimal planning scheme.
The planning model (objective function) of the comprehensive energy system established in the invention mainly aims to coordinate with a multi-element industry and an energy system to form a rural comprehensive energy system for delivering agricultural and sideline products and self-supplying energy on the basis of treating rural garbage and rural waste under the environment-friendly rural development background. A rural comprehensive energy system planning model is established based on an energy concentrator theory, and besides various external load requirements are known, the internal structure and the type and the quantity of equipment of a rural multi-energy complex are unknown, and the system needs to be initially planned.
The objective function is as follows: and taking the minimum total planning cost of the rural multi-energy complex as an objective function.
min Z＝C inv +C op +C E +C F +C DR -C sub
In the formula: total planning cost, C, of Z rural complex energy system inv Is the construction cost of the rural energy system, C op For maintenance costs, C E To environmental cost, C F To purchase energy costs, C DR Coordinating costs for multiple industries, C sub The benefit of garbage disposal is obtained.
The construction cost is as follows:
in the formula: n is a radical of station The total number of equipment in the country integrated energy system, r is the rate of occurrence, P i 、T i 、φ i Respectively the planned capacity, the life cycle and the unit capacity construction cost of the equipment i.
The maintenance cost is as follows:
in the formula: p s,t Is a function of the output of the device s,
the maintenance cost per unit of force for the device s.
The environmental cost is as follows:
in the formula: j is an energy of a different form,
to the carbon emission cost, xi j Is the carbon emission coefficient, P e,j,t Is unit electric power, P h,j,t Is a unit thermal power, P g,j,t J is the set of different forms of energy, and T is time 24, in terms of carbon emissions per natural gas burn.
The energy purchase cost is as follows: the rural multi-energy complex and the main power grid are in a grid-connected operation state, and electricity is purchased from the main power grid according to the time-of-use electricity price C F And the cost of purchasing and selling electricity for the power grid.
In the formula (I);
for the electricity purchase price at the time t,
for the gas purchase price at the time t,
is the purchased electric power at the time t,
the gas purchasing power at the moment t.
The garbage treatment gains are as follows:
in the formula:
available revenue for processing k-type garbage, m k (t) is the amount of garbage processed for k types in t time period.
The constraint conditions comprise equipment model selection constraint, power balance constraint, equipment climbing constraint and adjustable load constraint of a multi-industry;
and (3) equipment type selection constraint:
in the formula: p s For each planned installation capacity, P s min As a minimum value of the installation capacity, P s max In order to maximize the installation capacity,
the installation coefficient of the equipment s in the rural comprehensive energy system,
1 represents installation, 0 represents uninstallation;
the model selection coefficient of the equipment s in the rural comprehensive energy system,
a1 indicates that the ith type of device s is selected, and a 0 indicates that it is not selected.
And power balance constraint:
in the formula:
is the electrical load of the system and is,
for system thermal load, P g For system air load, P PT (t)、P WT (t)、P PG (t)、 P BG (t) electric power P provided for solar photo-thermal equipment, fan, pyrolysis gasification unit and biogas unit respectively ESS (t) is the stored power;
is the thermal power of the solar photo-thermal equipment,
provides the heat power for the methane unit,
provides heat power for the pyrolysis gasification unit,
gas power for purchasing gas from gas network, P AB For the gas power, P, of a biogas plant EC (t) power of the electric refrigerating unit, P TES In order to store the heat power,
the gas power, P, consumed by various gas-using equipment GSS The gas storage power;
equipment climbing restraint: when each device in the comprehensive energy system is in operation, the maximum and minimum constraints and the climbing constraint of the device need to be met.
In the formula: p x,min For minimum operating power, P, of various energy devices x,max Maximum operating power for various energy devices, D x Power of upward climbing for different energy equipment, B x The power of different energy devices for climbing downwards, delta t is the climbing time,
is the climbing power;
the adjustable load constraints of the multiple industries are as follows:
P E,AD,min (t)≤P E,AD (t)≤P E,AD,max (t)
P H,AD,min (t)≤P H,AD (t)≤P H,AD,max (t)
P G,AD,min (t)≤P G,AD (t)≤P G,AD,max (t)
in the formula: p is E,AD,min (t) the lower regulation limit of the electrical load of the multiplex industry, P H,AD,min (t) the lower limit of regulation of the thermal load of the multiplex industry, P G,AD,min (t) is the lower regulation limit of the gas load of the multiplex industry; p is E,AD,max (t) is the upper limit of regulation of the electrical load of the multiplex industry, P H,AD,max (t) is the upper limit of regulation of the thermal load of the multiplex industry, P G,AD,max (t) is the upper limit of regulation of the gas load of the multiplex industry; p is E,AD (t) is the electrical load of the multiplex industry, P H,AD (t) is the multiple industry Heat load, P G,AD (t) is the gas load of the multiplex industry.
The model established by the invention is a rural comprehensive energy system planning model considering a multi-industrial system, and belongs to a typical mixed integer linear planning problem. And solving by adopting a CPLEX solver of an MATLAB platform.
Examples
A large rural area in the north is taken as a planning object, and the rural industry mainly comprises greenhouse planting, animal husbandry and agricultural and sideline product processing. The energy equipment comprises a methane gas making facility, a methane boiler, a methane generator set, a pyrolysis gasification generator set, an electric refrigerating unit, solar photo-thermal equipment and a multi-element energy storage facility. The relevant equipment parameters are shown in tables 1 and 2. The electricity price adopts a time-of-use electricity price (10-00-15; (7; (23.
TABLE 1 energy supply conversion and storage facility parameters
TABLE 2 garbage energy utilization facility parameters
In planning, considering that the project period is long, if the time-by-time calculation mode is adopted for optimizing the planning, the whole problem is large in scale and difficult to solve. According to the energy utilization characteristics of the country, the method is divided into two typical seasons each year: winter (11 months to 5 months in the next year); summer (6 months to 10 months). Firstly, the seasonal characteristics of the loads are considered, and a typical daily scene of each load center is generated through a synthetic clustering method. And secondly, acquiring photovoltaic and fan output according to typical sunlight and climate conditions. The daily load curves are shown in fig. 4 and 5.
In order to illustrate the beneficial effects of the invention, three planning schemes are set and are respectively used for economic analysis.
The first scheme is as follows: the traditional comprehensive energy supply mode is adopted, the industries are mutually independent, the industries cannot coordinate and interact with each other, energy utilization is carried out according to respective energy requirements, and residual products of the multi-element industry cannot be uniformly and optimally utilized.
Scheme II: unified energy supply among the multiple industries is considered, but the coordination interaction of the multiple industries is not considered, and the multiple industries do not participate in demand response.
The third scheme is as follows: by adopting an energy supply mode based on cooperation among rural multi-element industries, the multi-element industries can coordinate and interact with each other (namely the multi-element industries can participate in demand response), and the residual products of the multi-element industries can be uniformly optimized and utilized.
The energy equipment configuration results under three planning schemes are obtained, as shown in table 3:
TABLE 3 comparison of planning results and capacity allocation for different scenarios
According to the configuration results in table 3, it can be seen that, in the first scheme, the coordination of multiple industries is not considered, the multiple industries in the traditional village are mutually independent and cannot participate in the coordination optimization of the energy system, and the energy is utilized only according to the needs of the respective industries. According to the load curve, the energy consumption load peaks of all industries are concentrated, so that the capacity of all energy production equipment is slightly increased in the planning process of the scheme I, and the main equipment comprises a pyrolysis gasification generator set, a biogas boiler, a biogas generator set, an energy storage facility and the like. As can be seen from the comparison of the economics, the inventive solution has the best economics, as shown in table 4.
TABLE 4 comparison of economics under different planning scenarios
The solution one and solution three economies are further illustrated in figure 6. As can be seen from the figure, the industrial cost of the scheme of the invention is reduced. Taking the livestock breeding industry as an example, the feed for the breeding industry has fixed cost, but after participating in the coordination of multiple industries, the industrial load can participate in the demand side response of the energy system to obtain certain compensation. Part of the fertilizer of the crops comes from the fermentation residual products of the methane tank, so that the cost is reduced. On the other hand, for a rural energy comprehensive system, industrial loads participate in demand side response, so that various energy sources can be better adjusted, and the generation of abandoned wind and abandoned light is reduced. The data comparison also shows that the cost of the scheme of the invention is respectively reduced by 18.79 percent, 34.34 percent, 39.03 percent and 37.18 percent in the garbage treatment industry, the agricultural planting industry, the livestock breeding industry and the agricultural industry processing industry compared with the scheme II.
The residual garbage generated by the multi-industry can be optimized and utilized, the garbage can be processed to obtain the income, the garbage processing capacity and the income can be different due to the adoption of different planning schemes, the garbage processing income is shown in the table 5, and the scheme of the invention has the highest income. This is because the multiplex industry increases the amount of waste disposal through coordinated interactions and the remaining products of waste disposal can be used as fertilizers, reducing the cost of the planting industry.
TABLE 5 comparison of garbage throughput and yield
For further explanation, an analysis is made to consider load economics before and after demand response. As can be seen in fig. 7. In the rural comprehensive energy system containing photovoltaic and wind power, demand side response is applied, peak load in the daytime can be promoted to shift to night, the consumption rate of wind power at night is improved, the electricity purchasing cost and the gas purchasing cost in the peak load period are reduced, and economic benefits are further improved.
Specific cost data are shown in Table 6
TABLE 6 comparison of energy purchase cost before and after demand response
The invention establishes a rural multi-element industrial model, and the traditional rural comprehensive energy system planning does not consider the rural multi-element industry, so that the energy utilization modeling needs to be carried out on the rural industry, and the high-efficiency utilization of energy is promoted. The current rural comprehensive energy system relates to the full utilization of rural resources, and can effectively solve the problems of rural garbage disposal and the like. The advantages of rural resources are outstanding, crop straws and excrement of the aquaculture industry can be fully utilized and converted into energy, and the green and clean development of a rural comprehensive energy system is promoted. The coordination of rural multi-industry is considered in the planning, and the energy consumption cost can be effectively reduced. The industries of animal husbandry, breeding industry, product processing and the like in the country and the comprehensive energy system have strong production and consumption complementarity. On one hand, the system utilizes the multi-energy coupling equipment to produce energy sources such as electricity, gas, heat and the like, and meets the energy utilization requirements of the rural multi-element industry. The multi-industry feeds agricultural biomass such as straws, livestock manure and the like back to the comprehensive energy system. On the other hand, the biomass can be utilized to generate electricity, heat, gas and other energy sources through equipment such as a methane tank, pyrolysis gasification and the like, and the operation of a multi-element industry can be maintained, so that the current situation of the traditional independent energy utilization can be changed through the coordination of the multi-element industry, and the energy utilization cost can be reduced. The planning method can meet the energy utilization requirement of the rural industry, reduce the agricultural production cost and ensure the maximum profit. After the rural comprehensive energy system participates in the coordination of multiple industries, the industrial load can participate in the demand side response of the energy system, and certain compensation can be obtained. Part of the fertilizer of the crops comes from the fermentation residual products of the methane tank, so that the cost is reduced. On the other hand, for the rural energy comprehensive system, the industrial load participates in the demand side response, so that various energy sources can be better adjusted, and the generation of wind and light abandoning is reduced.
The invention considers the full development of the rural multi-element industry and utilizes the rural natural resources on the basis of the prior rural comprehensive energy, can effectively reduce the energy purchasing cost and the rural environment problem, and has good economic benefit. And analyzing the energy utilization requirement of the rural industry through the constructed model. The residual products produced by the rural industry are fully utilized, and the energy consumption cost of the industry and the environmental problem of rural garbage waste treatment are reduced while the energy consumption requirement is met. The comprehensive energy system based on the rural multi-element industry not only supplies energy to internal multi-source industry clusters and residents, but also can treat garbage produced and living by the residents, and can effectively improve the rural environment. The model constructed by the invention has the advantages of popularization, increased energy consumption requirement of modern villages, centralized industrial scale and good economic benefit of coordination of multi-source industry. On the basis of treating rural garbage and rural waste, by cooperating with a multi-element industry and an energy system, the multi-element load of the rural area can be used as a flexible resource to participate in demand side response, and through mutual coordination among the multi-element industries, the overall energy cost of the multi-element industry can be reduced, and the economic benefit is improved.
Claims (8)
1. A rural comprehensive energy system planning method based on multi-industry cooperation is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1: constructing a rural comprehensive energy frame and a multi-element industrial model;
step 2: constructing a rural comprehensive energy system energy flow graph considering multi-industry cooperation based on a multi-industry cooperation mode;
and step 3: establishing a target function of the rural comprehensive energy system with the minimum planned total cost according to the energy flow diagram obtained in the step 2; and (4) establishing constraint conditions, and solving the objective function to obtain an optimal planning scheme.
2. The method for planning the rural comprehensive energy system based on multi-industry collaboration as claimed in claim 1, wherein the objective function in the step 3 is as follows:
min Z＝C inv +C op +C E +C F +C DR -C sub
in the formula: general gauge of Z country comprehensive energy systemCost of drawing, C inv For the construction cost of the rural energy system, C op For maintenance costs, C E To environmental cost, C F To purchase energy costs, C DR Coordinating costs for multiple industries, C sub The benefit of garbage disposal is obtained.
3. The method for rural comprehensive energy system planning based on multi-industry coordination according to claim 2, wherein the construction cost is as follows:
in the formula: n is a radical of station The total number of equipment in the rural comprehensive energy system, r is the discount rate, P i 、T i 、φ i Respectively the planning capacity, the life cycle and the unit capacity construction cost of the equipment i;
the maintenance cost is as follows:
in the formula: p s,t Is the output of the device s and,
the unit output maintenance cost of the equipment s;
the environmental cost is as follows:
in the formula: j is an energy of a different form,
to the carbon emission cost, xi j Is the carbon emission coefficient, P e,j,t Is unit electric power, P h,j,t Is a sheetThermal power, P g,j,t The carbon emission of unit natural gas combustion is shown, J is an energy set, and T is 24 moments;
the energy purchase cost is as follows:
in the formula (I);
for the electricity purchase price at the time t,
is the gas purchase price at the time of t,
for the purchased electric power at the time t,
the gas purchasing power at the moment t;
the garbage treatment gains are as follows:
in the formula:
available revenue for processing k-type garbage, m k (t) the amount of garbage of type k processed in the period of t.
4. The method for planning the rural comprehensive energy system based on the multi-industry coordination according to the claim 1, wherein the constraint conditions in the step 3 comprise equipment model selection constraint, power balance constraint, equipment climbing constraint and multi-industry adjustable load constraint;
and (3) equipment type selection constraint:
in the formula: p s For each planned installation capacity, P s min As a minimum value of the installation capacity, P s max In order to maximize the installation capacity,
the installation coefficient of the equipment s in the rural comprehensive energy system,
the model selection coefficient of equipment s in the rural comprehensive energy system is obtained;
and power balance constraint:
in the formula:
is the electrical load of the system and is,
for system thermal load, P g For system air load, P PT (t)、P WT (t)、P PG (t)、P BG (t) electric power P provided for solar photo-thermal equipment, fan, pyrolysis gasification unit and biogas unit respectively ESS (t) is stored power;
is the thermal power of the solar photo-thermal equipment,
provides the heat power for the methane unit,
the heat power provided for the methane boiler is provided,
the thermal power provided for the pyrolysis gasification unit,
gas power for purchasing gas from gas network, P AB Gas power, P, for a biogas plant EC (t) power of the electric refrigerating unit, P TES In order to store the heat power,
the gas power, P, consumed by various gas-using equipment GSS The gas storage power;
equipment climbing restraint:
in the formula: p x,min For minimum operating power, P, of various energy devices x,max Maximum operating power for various energy devices, D x Power of upward climbing for different energy equipment, B x For installations of different energy sourcesThe downward climbing power of (1), Δ t is the climbing time,
is the climbing power;
the adjustable load constraints of the multiple industries are as follows:
P E,AD,min (t)≤P E,AD (t)≤P E,AD,max (t)
P H,AD,min (t)≤P H,AD (t)≤P H,AD,max (t)
P G,AD,min (t)≤P G,AD (t)≤P G,AD,max (t)
in the formula: p E,AD,min (t) the lower regulation limit, P, of the electrical load of the multiplex industry H,AD,min (t) the lower limit of regulation of the thermal load of the multiplex industry, P G,AD,min (t) is the lower regulation limit of the gas load of the multiplex industry; p E,AD,max (t) is the upper limit of regulation of the electrical load of the multiplex industry, P H,AD,max (t) is the upper limit of regulation of the thermal load of the multiplex industry, P G,AD,max (t) is the upper limit of regulation of the gas load of the multiplex industry; p is E,AD (t) is the multiple industry Electrical load, P H,AD (t) is the multiple industry Heat load, P G,AD (t) is the gas load of the multiplex industry.
5. The rural integrated energy system planning method based on multi-industry coordination according to claim 1, wherein the input of the rural integrated energy framework in the step 1 is photovoltaic, biomass waste, power grid purchasing electricity and gas grid purchasing gas; the output is electric, heat and gas energy; the energy coupling equipment comprises an electric boiler, a gas boiler and a methane unit; the energy storage equipment comprises a greenhouse, agricultural product processing and residential users;
the multi-element industrial model comprises an agricultural planting industry model, a breeding industry model and an agricultural product processing model.
6. The method for planning the rural comprehensive energy system based on the multi-industry coordination according to claim 1, wherein the step 2 adopts a method of implementing the demand-side response DR in the multi-industry coordination:
P DR ＝ξ cut P cut,i (t)+ξ mov,i P mov,i (t)+ξ re,i P re,i (t)
in the formula: c DR Compensating costs, ξ, for DR of multiple loads cut For reducing the load proportionality coefficient xi mov For shifting the load proportionality coefficient xi re In place of the load proportionality coefficient, delta cut Reduction of cost factor, δ, for DR mov For DR transfer cost coefficient, δ re A compensation cost factor for replacing the load with DR; p is cut,i (t) is an interruptible load, P mov,i (t) is transferable load, P re,i (t) is an alternative load.
7. The rural comprehensive energy system planning method based on multi-industry cooperation according to claim 5, wherein the agricultural planting industry comprises a light supplement model, a temperature adjustment model and a water supplement model;
a light supplement model:
I(t)＝[I E -I e (t)] 2 ·μ 1 +[I E -I e (t)]·μ 2 +μ 3
in the formula: i (t) is the fill-in light quantity, P E (t) energy consumption for illumination, I E Standard illumination intensity for greenhouse crop growth, I e (t) is the intensity of light at time t of the greenhouse crop, mu 1 、μ 2 、μ 3 Is the fitting coefficient, S is the greenhouse area, phi 0 Is luminous flux of unit area, xi is correction coefficient, N is number of light supplement lamps, and eta is luminous efficiency of the light supplement lamps;
a temperature adjusting model:
in the formula: t is indoor Is the temperature in the greenhouse; t is a unit of out Ambient temperature outside the greenhouse;
thermal power for providing to the greenhouse;
the heat power lost by the greenhouse; c. C m M is the specific heat capacity of air in the greenhouse k Air quality in the greenhouse; delta loss The heat dissipation coefficient of the greenhouse;
and (3) a water supplementing model:
in the formula: g t (t) Water requirement for irrigation at time t, P e (t) is the electric power of the water supply, h st Is the standard humidity of air, h s (t) is the humidity of the air for a period t,
for the fitting coefficient, ρ is the density of water, g is the acceleration of gravity, Z m The geometric lift is adopted; eta e The mechanical efficiency of the water pump is obtained;
energy cost for agricultural planting industry C ir Model:
in the formula: c. C E 、c H 、c G Respectively electricity, heat and gas prices, P E (t) is the electric power for agricultural planting,
for agricultural plant thermal power, P ir,G The gas power for agricultural planting;
the breeding industry model is as follows:
in the formula: m is st The amount of excrement in rural aquaculture; m is i,j,in And m i,j,out The amount of excrement and urine generated every day is respectively the amount of excrement and urine generated by the livestock and poultry on and off the ith livestock and poultry; n is a radical of i,j,in And N i,j,out Respectively the number of the i-th livestock and poultry for stock and stock;
total energy consumption cost C for animal husbandry 1b The following were used:
in the formula: c. C E 、c H 、c G Respectively the electricity price, the heat price and the gas price of the breeding industry; p is 1b (t) power of farming, P 1b,H (t) Heat Power, P, for aquaculture 1b,G (t) is aquaculture gas power;
the agricultural product processing model is as follows:
the electric refrigeration storage model is as follows:
L c (t)＝P c (t)η c
in the formula: l is c (t) is the cooling load demand; p is c (t) refrigerator power; eta c To the refrigeration efficiency;
total energy cost of agricultural product processing C ap Comprises the following steps:
in the formula: p ap (t)、P ap,H (t)、P ap,G (t) are the electrical, thermal and gas loads required by the agricultural product processing industry, respectively.
8. The rural comprehensive energy system planning method based on multi-industry collaboration as claimed in claim 5, wherein the rural comprehensive energy framework input modeling comprises a methane model, a pyrolysis gasification power generation model and a solar photo-thermal power generation model;
a methane model:
E bio ＝a|T z -T o |+b
in the formula: e bio Is the output per unit time of the methane tank, T z 、T o Actual reaction temperature and optimum reaction temperature, respectively, a and b are coefficients obtained by data fitting,
in order to maintain the heat energy required by the methane tank at 35 ℃,
is dissipated thermal energy; v B The volume of the biogas reaction tank; c. C m Heat capacity of charge, ρ m In order to feed the material with density, M is the feeding mass, A o Is the heat dissipation area in the pool, k o For heat transfer coefficient, T e The external temperature of the methane tank;
pyrolysis gasification power generation model:
in the formula: v fuel (t) is the gas production power of the pyrolysis gasifier, m f (t) is the gasification amount of garbage at time t, beta f Is the gasifiable coefficient of the garbage, eta f For pyrolysis furnace efficiency, P PG (t) power generated by the gas turbine, lambda f Is a combustible gas content, Q f Combustion heat value, eta, of combustible gas PG For the power generation efficiency of the gas turbine, P PG,H (t) waste heat recovery efficiency, eta, of the gas turbine 1 And η h Respectively a heat loss coefficient and a flue gas utilization coefficient of the gas turbine;
solar photo-thermal power generation model:
in the formula: p PT The power is the photo-thermal power generation power; eta st Generating efficiency for the steam turbine; e solar Heat energy provided for the heat collection system; x is the number of p The heat energy proportional coefficient of the steam turbine; h PT-H The power is generated by photo-thermal heat; eta ex To the heat exchanger efficiency; eta WH The waste heat recovery efficiency of the steam turbine is improved.
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| CN116664087A (en) * | 2023-08-02 | 2023-08-29 | 山东赛马力发电设备有限公司 | Comprehensive energy management system |
| CN117040027A (en) * | 2023-09-28 | 2023-11-10 | 华北电力大学 | Coordination optimization method and device for rural virtual power plant |
| CN117455134A (en) * | 2023-08-03 | 2024-01-26 | 三峡大学 | Rural comprehensive energy system distribution robust day-ahead scheduling method for aquatic breeding greenhouse |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN116664087A (en) * | 2023-08-02 | 2023-08-29 | 山东赛马力发电设备有限公司 | Comprehensive energy management system |
| CN116664087B (en) * | 2023-08-02 | 2023-10-10 | 山东赛马力发电设备有限公司 | Comprehensive energy management system |
| CN117455134A (en) * | 2023-08-03 | 2024-01-26 | 三峡大学 | Rural comprehensive energy system distribution robust day-ahead scheduling method for aquatic breeding greenhouse |
| CN117040027A (en) * | 2023-09-28 | 2023-11-10 | 华北电力大学 | Coordination optimization method and device for rural virtual power plant |
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