CN115657569B - Millimeter wave broadband portable calibration source control system and method - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a millimeter wave broadband portable calibration source control system and method, relating to the technical field of control; the technical scheme adopted is a millimeter wave broadband portable calibration source control system and method, and the method comprises the following steps: a user sends an instruction to the millimeter wave broadband portable calibration source control system through the microphone, the touch screen and the keyboard, and the sending instruction is encoded through a short message; after receiving the short message, the millimeter wave broadband portable calibration source control system decodes the short message by a digital decoder and extracts a control command; setting the millimeter wave broadband portable calibration source to a specified working state according to the command content, and acquiring signals through an antenna; finally, transmitting sound and touch screen display information from the working state of the millimeter wave broadband portable calibration source through a loudspeaker to complete a control task; the millimeter wave broadband calibration source has the advantages of reasonable structure, low power consumption, small volume, convenience in carrying and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of control, in particular to a millimeter wave broadband portable calibration source control system and method.
Background
The frequency source technology is a key technology in the application fields of microwave measurement, communication, radar systems and the like. Since the 90 s of the 20 th century, the development of millimeter wave technology has entered a new stage with the increase of the demand for millimeter wave technology and the significant breakthrough in developing millimeter wave radar transmitters, receivers, antennas, passive devices, etc. Meanwhile, the requirements on millimeter wave frequency sources are higher and higher. Miniaturization, ultra-wideband, low-stray and low-power consumption become research hotspots and are also a main development trend. With the development of millimeter wave broadband communication technology, the requirement on the quantitative measurement precision of observation data is higher and higher, and the technical method for ensuring the measurement precision is to calibrate the power of a transmitter and the gain parameter of a receiver so as to obtain an accurate communication signal target parameter; the common calibration method is to use a plurality of measuring sensors to calibrate and measure the communication network in an area, and use the same set of calibration data in a period of time, and the method can ensure certain measurement precision, actually has low measurement efficiency, large required hardware cost, low calibration precision of the millimeter wave broadband portable calibration source and lag control capability, so that the millimeter wave broadband portable calibration source has low control capability.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention discloses a millimeter wave broadband portable calibration source control system and method, which can be moved to different places for measurement in a portable manner, realize high-efficiency communication signal calibration work and greatly improve the millimeter wave broadband portable calibration source control capability.
In order to achieve the technical effects, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a millimeter wave broadband portable calibration source control system comprises:
a communication signal transceiver for receiving from an antenna an incoming RF signal transmitted by a base station of a wireless network; the communication signal transceiver comprises a horizontal polarization receiving channel, a vertical polarization receiving channel and an auxiliary receiving channel, and carries out down-conversion processing on a calibration test signal of the receiver through the horizontal polarization receiving channel and the vertical polarization receiving channel, and then sends the down-conversion processing to the first signal processing module, so that calibration measurement of gains of the horizontal polarization receiving channel and the vertical polarization receiving channel of the communication signal transceiver is realized;
the first signal processing module is used for respectively processing the calibration test signal, the transmitting power monitoring signal and the target echo signal sent by the communication signal transceiver to respectively obtain corresponding power spectrum data and sending the power spectrum data to the control module; the first signal processing module comprises a frequency synthesizer and a digital decoder, generates a processed baseband signal by filtering, decoding and digitizing a baseband, and sends the processed baseband signal to the control module for further processing;
the second signal processing module is used for processing the microphone voice signal to obtain corresponding voice instruction data and sending the voice instruction data to the control module; the second signal processing module generates processed voice instruction data through filtering, decoding and digitalizing baseband, and the control module sends response instruction data to the outside through a loudspeaker after analyzing the voice instruction data;
the control module is used for controlling the output of the real-time calibration and detection communication signals, generating synchronous control signals and outputting the synchronous control signals to the display module; the control module is an STM8S model 8-bit microcontroller, has a CPU clock frequency of 16 MHz and a working voltage of 2.95-5.5V, and a communication interface comprises a UART (universal asynchronous receiver/transmitter), an SPI (serial peripheral interface) and an I2C;
the storage module is used for storing a readable medium for calibrating the test signal; the memory comprises a random access memory and a read-only memory, and completes the random read-write of the basic input and output driving program and the guide operation of the control module;
the operation module is used for externally connecting a medium for manual operation control; the operation module is coupled on the control module, and a user operates the millimeter wave broadband portable calibration source control system through a keyboard key;
the display module is used for displaying the signal processing operation process of the millimeter wave broadband portable calibration source control system; the display module adopts a man-machine interaction input and output mode, detects the touch position of a user by using the touch screen, converts the touch position of the user into a contact point coordinate, transmits the contact point coordinate to the CPU, and can receive and execute a command sent by the CPU.
The output interface of the communication signal transceiver is connected with the input interface of the first signal processing module, the output interface of the first signal processing module is connected with the input interface of the control module, the output interface of the second signal processing module is connected with the input interface of the control module, the output interface of the control module is connected with the input interface of the storage module, the output interface of the control module is connected with the input interface of the operation module, and the output interface of the control module is connected with the input interface of the display module.
As a further technical scheme of the invention, the millimeter wave broadband portable calibration source control system is externally connected with a keyboard, a touch screen, a microphone and a loudspeaker; the output interface of the keyboard is connected with the input interface of the operation module, the output interface of the touch screen is connected with the input interface of the display module, the output interface of the microphone is connected with the input interface of the second signal processing module, and the input interface of the loudspeaker is connected with the output interface of the second signal processing module.
As a further technical scheme of the invention, the millimeter wave broadband portable calibration source control system also comprises a GSM module, wherein the GSM module comprises a TC35i module, the frequency ranges are dual-frequency GSM90OMHz and GSMl800MHz, the power supply range is Direct Current (DC) 3.3-4.8V, the current consumption sleep state is 3.5mA, the idle state is 25mA, and the emission state is 30mA.
As a further technical solution of the present invention, the first signal processing module includes a frequency synthesizer, the frequency synthesizer outputs two signals of left-hand and right-hand, the output signal frequency is 7950 to 8950MHZ, and the frequency step value is 1MHZ; the frequency synthesizer is controlled by an ADF4106 chip, the ADF4106 chip is connected with a frequency synthesis unit A and a frequency synthesis unit B, a left-hand signal output by the frequency synthesis unit A is directly transmitted to the operational amplifier through the voltage-controlled oscillator, and a right-hand signal output by the frequency synthesis unit B is transmitted to the operational amplifier through the voltage-controlled oscillator and the band-pass filter; the output signal of the operational amplifier reaches an attenuator through a band-pass filter, and the signal frequency with the same stability and accuracy is generated after the signal attenuation; when the ADF4106 chip loop locks, the output frequency is:
in the formula (1), the acid-base catalyst,f 1 in order to output the frequency of the frequency,f 2 for the purpose of reference to the frequency (f),Nand withRAll are internal programmable counter parameters, and the proper output frequency is obtained by changing the values of N and Rf 1 。
As a further technical solution of the present invention, the first signal processing module further includes a signal phase noise algorithm, which resolves the reference source signal into:
in the formula (2), the reaction mixture is,φ(t) For the time-dependent phase jitter of the reference source signal,tin the form of a cycle, the number of cycles,Ais the amplitude, omega is the angular frequency,nthe frequency multiplication times; warp beamnObtaining a frequency multiplication signal after frequency multiplicationSComprises the following steps:
on-off-carrier signal frequency offsetf m In thatmThe noise power spectral density of (d) is:
in the formula (4), the reaction mixture is,Min order to be a function of the auto-correlation,xis the noise power; to self-correlateMThe substitution of the formula (2) into the formula (4) is simplified as:
as is illustrated by the equation (5),nthe power of the phase noise of the signal after the second frequency multiplication being changed into the phase noise of the source signaln 2 Fold, the fold formula is expressed logarithmically as:
in the formula (6), the reaction mixture is,κis a logarithmic function, lognIn the form of a logarithmic unit, the number of the units, nthe theoretical phase noise degradation value of the second-order frequency multiplication is 20logn. The same is true.
As a further technical scheme of the invention, the communication signal transceiver comprises a sampling clock circuit, and a CLK input clock signal passes through a capacitor C1 to a touchThe other path of clock signal of the transmitter S end is transmitted to the trigger R end through a resistor L2 and a resistor L3, and the CLK output end is grounded through a resistor L1; the output end of the trigger is grounded through a capacitor C2, the output end of the trigger is connected to VCTRL, and the end of the VCTRL is grounded through a capacitor C3; the Q end of the trigger outputs a differential signal CLK + through a capacitor C4, and the end of the trigger
A differential signal CLK & lt- & gt is output through a capacitor C5, the output end of the trigger is converted into differential signals CLK & lt- & gt and CLK & lt- & gt through series-parallel connection of resistors L4 and L6 and resistors L5 and L7, then the converted differential signals CLK & lt- & gt and CLK & lt- & gt are input into a D + end and a D-end of a differential converter MC100LEVEL11, a VCC end of the differential converter is connected with a VCTRL end, and the VCTRL end is grounded through a capacitor C6; the output end Q1+ of the differential converter outputs CLK1+ through a capacitor C7, the output end Q1-of the differential converter outputs CLK 1-through a capacitor C8, the output end Q2+ of the differential converter outputs CLK2+ through a capacitor C9, and the output end Q2-of the differential converter outputs CLK 2-through a capacitor C10; the output end of the differential converter outputs CLK1+, CLK 1-and CLK2+, CLK 2-as sampling clock signals in series-parallel connection with the resistors L9, L11, L13 through the resistors L8, L10, L12.
As a further technical scheme of the invention, the method for controlling the millimeter wave broadband portable calibration source is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
(S1) a user sends an instruction to a millimeter wave broadband portable calibration source control system through a microphone, a touch screen and a keyboard, and the sending instruction is encoded through a short message;
(S2) after the millimeter wave broadband portable calibration source control system receives the short message, decoding the short message by a digital decoder to extract a control command;
(S3) setting the millimeter wave broadband portable calibration source to a specified working state according to the command content, and acquiring signals through an antenna;
and (S4) finally, transmitting sound and touch screen display information from the working state of the millimeter wave broadband portable calibration source through a loudspeaker, and completing a control task.
As a further technical scheme of the invention, the antenna acquisition signal approximates the sine function of the signal by a convergent Chebyshev polynomial approximation method to realize the calculation processing of the communication digital signal, and the method comprises the following procedures:
approximation calculation using taylor series approximation, as shown in equation (7):
in the formula (7), the reaction mixture is,f(x) A function of an approximate calculation is represented,kthe sequence number is shown to indicate that,Kthe number of the items is represented,x 0 represents the initial value of the signal; the iteration times are shortened and the complexity of approximate calculation is reduced through Chebyshev polynomial approximation, wherein the K-time Chebyshev polynomial approximation formula is as follows:
in the formula (8), the reaction mixture is,c 0 is a constant number of times that is initially constant,Trepresenting a chebyshev cut-off polynomial,c k for the chebyshev coefficient, as shown in equation (9):
in the formula (9), the reaction mixture is,x i is composed ofKThe different roots of the sub-chebyshev polynomial, as shown in equation (10):
the sine phase-amplitude conversion approximates to a formula, and a 16-bit quantized Chebyshev polynomial can be obtained by the method:
in the equation (11), since the first coefficient of the approximation polynomial is greater than 1, scaling is required to obtain the best approximation value when performing the fixed-point numerical calculation.
As a further technical solution of the present invention, the millimeter wave broadband is configured to implement any one of long term evolution, long term evolution advanced and mobile global interoperability for microwave access.
As a further technical scheme of the invention, a plastic switch buckle and a hook are arranged outside the millimeter wave broadband portable calibration source, and the hook is hung on the waist of a user to close the switch buckle for fixing.
The invention has the beneficial and positive effects that:
different from the conventional technology, the millimeter wave broadband portable calibration source control system comprises a communication signal transceiver, a first signal processing module, a second signal processing module, a control module, a storage module, an operation module and a display module. Wherein the communication signal transceiver is to receive an incoming RF signal from an antenna transmitted by a base station of the wireless network; the communication signal transceiver comprises a horizontal polarization receiving channel, a vertical polarization receiving channel and an auxiliary receiving channel, and carries out down-conversion processing on a calibration test signal of the receiver through the horizontal polarization receiving channel and the vertical polarization receiving channel, and then sends the signal to the first signal processing module to realize calibration measurement of gains of the horizontal polarization receiving channel and the vertical polarization receiving channel of the communication signal transceiver; the millimeter wave broadband calibration source control method is strong in millimeter wave broadband calibration source control capability and high in working efficiency, and greatly improves millimeter wave broadband portable calibration source control capability.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without inventive exercise, wherein:
FIG. 1 shows a diagram of a millimeter wave broadband portable calibration source control system;
fig. 2 shows a diagram of the internal structure of the frequency synthesizer;
FIG. 3 illustrates a sampling clock signal input circuit;
fig. 4 shows a flowchart of a millimeter wave broadband portable calibration source control method.
Detailed Description
The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, it being understood that the embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and explanatory of the invention, and are not restrictive thereof;
as shown in fig. 1-4, a millimeter wave broadband portable calibration source control system includes a communication signal transceiver, a first signal processing module, a second signal processing module, a control module, a storage module, an operation module, and a display module. Wherein the communication signal transceiver is to receive an incoming RF signal from an antenna transmitted by a base station of the wireless network; the communication signal transceiver comprises a horizontal polarization receiving channel, a vertical polarization receiving channel and an auxiliary receiving channel, and carries out down-conversion processing on a calibration test signal of the receiver through the horizontal polarization receiving channel and the vertical polarization receiving channel, and then sends the signal to the first signal processing module to realize calibration measurement of gains of the horizontal polarization receiving channel and the vertical polarization receiving channel of the communication signal transceiver; the first signal processing module is used for respectively processing the calibration test signal, the transmitting power monitoring signal and the target echo signal sent by the communication signal transceiver to respectively obtain corresponding power spectrum data and sending the power spectrum data to the control module; the first signal processing module comprises a frequency synthesizer and a digital decoder, generates a processed baseband signal by filtering, decoding and digitizing a baseband, and sends the processed baseband signal to the control module for further processing; the second signal processing module is used for processing the microphone voice signal to obtain corresponding voice instruction data and sending the voice instruction data to the control module; the second signal processing module generates processed voice instruction data through filtering, decoding and digitalizing baseband, and the control module sends out response instruction data after analyzing the voice instruction data and transmits the response instruction data to the outside through a loudspeaker.
In a particular embodiment, the frequency source is composed of three parts: a baseband part, a frequency multiplication part and a filtering amplification part. The baseband part mainly comprises two core phase discriminator chips and a broadband voltage controlled oscillator chip, wherein the phase discriminator compares the output signal of the voltage controlled oscillator with the external 100MHz crystal oscillator reference signal to generate a tuning voltage for controlling the broadband voltage controlled oscillator to work at a required frequency point, so that the broadband voltage controlled oscillator outputs a baseband signal with the step of 12.5 MHz and the frequency range of 11-20 GHz. The frequency multiplication part carries out frequency multiplication on the baseband signal by 2, so that the signal is moved to a millimeter wave frequency band of 22-40 GHz. The frequency step then correspondingly becomes the required 25 MHz. Because the frequency multiplication part is a nonlinear circuit, the baseband signal can be carried while the frequency of the baseband signal is multiplied, and a large amount of spurious signals such as harmonic waves and the like are generated.
The filtering amplification part is used for filtering or suppressing spurious signal levels such as baseband, harmonic waves and the like. Because the wideband signal is required to analyze and judge the signal components, the filtering frequency band is divided and the corresponding filter index requirement is determined. The frequency division of the filter comprehensively considers various factors such as the implementation mode of the filter, the signal layout, the size limit and the like. The more frequency division, the more filter types, and the larger the required occupied area size. And finally adopting two-stage filtering modes of 22-30 GHz and 30-40 GHz through analysis and calculation. In the two filtering frequency bands, respective baseband signals and harmonic signals can be effectively inhibited, and meanwhile, the occupied area size is minimum.
In a specific embodiment, the control module is used for controlling the output of the real-time calibration and detection communication signals, generating synchronous control signals and outputting the synchronous control signals to the display module; the control module is an STM8S model 8-bit microcontroller, has a CPU clock frequency of 16 MHz and a working voltage of 2.95-5.5V, and the communication Interface comprises a Universal Asynchronous Receiver Transmitter (UART), a Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI) and an I2C; the storage module is used for storing a readable medium for calibrating the test signal; the memory comprises a random access memory and a read-only memory, and completes the read-write of the basic input/output driver and the guide operation of the control module at any time; the operation module is externally connected with a medium controlled by manual operation; the operation module is coupled on the control module, and a user operates the millimeter wave broadband portable calibration source control system through a keyboard key; the display module is used for displaying the signal processing operation process of the millimeter wave broadband portable calibration source control system; the display module adopts a man-machine interaction input and output mode, detects the touch position of a user by using the touch screen, converts the touch position of the user into a contact point coordinate, transmits the contact point coordinate to the CPU, and can receive and execute a command sent by the CPU. The output interface of the communication signal transceiver is connected with the input interface of the first signal processing module, the output interface of the first signal processing module is connected with the input interface of the control module, the output interface of the second signal processing module is connected with the input interface of the control module, the output interface of the control module is connected with the input interface of the storage module, the output interface of the control module is connected with the input interface of the operation module, and the output interface of the control module is connected with the input interface of the display module.
In a specific embodiment, the millimeter wave broadband portable calibration source control system is externally connected with a keyboard, a touch screen, a microphone and a loudspeaker; the touch screen is composed of a touch detection part and a touch screen controller, wherein the touch detection part is arranged in front of the display screen and is used for detecting the touch position of a user and then transmitting relevant information to the touch screen controller, and the touch screen controller is mainly used for receiving touch information from the touch point detection device, converting the touch information into touch point coordinates and then transmitting the touch point coordinates to the CPU. It can receive and execute the command from CPU.
The touch screen is composed of a detection component and a touch screen controller which are arranged in front of a display screen. When a finger or other object touches a touch screen mounted on the front end of the display, the touched position is detected by the touch screen controller and sent to the host computer through an interface (e.g., RS232 serial port, USB, etc.). Touch screens have evolved from single-point touch screens to multi-point touch screens. The touch screen is a set of transparent absolute coordinate positioning system, and firstly, the touch screen must be ensured to be transparent, so that the problem of transparency must be solved by material science and technology, such as a digitizer, a writing board and an elevator switch, which are not touch screens; secondly, the device is absolute coordinates, a finger is touched and is the same, a second action is not needed, the device is not a mouse and is a set of relative positioning system, people can notice that touch screen software does not need a cursor, the cursor is reversed to influence the attention of a user, the cursor is used for relative positioning equipment, the relative positioning equipment needs to be moved to a place to firstly know where the cursor is and go to which direction, and the current position of the user needs to be fed back ceaselessly at every moment so as not to cause deviation. These are not required for touch screens that take absolute coordinate positioning; and secondly, the touch action of the finger can be detected and the position of the finger can be judged. The output interface of the keyboard is connected with the input interface of the operation module, the output interface of the touch screen is connected with the input interface of the display module, the output interface of the microphone is connected with the input interface of the second signal processing module, and the input interface of the loudspeaker is connected with the output interface of the second signal processing module.
In a specific embodiment, the millimeter wave broadband portable calibration source control System further comprises a Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) module, and the remote sending and receiving of the calibration source operation state information are completed by means of a GSM network platform; the GSM module comprises a TC35i module, TC35i being a dual-band 900/1800MHZ highly integrated GSM module from SIEMENS, germany. Today, the GSM network is becoming more and more perfect, TC35i has consistently excellent quality of siemens, it is easy to integrate, and you can spend less cost to develop novel products in a shorter time using it. You can see that TC35i wireless module is in function in the fields of remote monitoring, wireless public telephone, wireless POS terminal and the like, and the use of the wireless module is the guarantee of product quality and performance. The power supply range of TC35i is 3.3-4.8V of direct current, the current consumption sleep state is 3.5mA, the idle state is 25mA, and the emission state is 30mA; the TC35i data interface can bidirectionally transmit instructions and data through AT commands, the selectable baud rate is 300 b/s-115 kb/s, and the automatic baud rate is 1.2 kb/s-115 kb/s.
In a specific embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, the first signal processing module includes a frequency synthesizer, and is capable of outputting signals of left-handed and right-handed signals, wherein the frequency of the output signal is 7950 to 8950MHZ, and the frequency step value is 1MHZ; the amplitude of the output signal is determined by the attenuation value of the attenuator, the amplitude range is adjustable from-60 to 0dBm, and the stepping value is 1dBm; the frequency synthesizer is controlled by an ADF4106 chip, the ADF4106 being an integrated phase locked loop frequency synthesizer chip produced by ADI corporation, with which woodground oscillation of the up-and down-conversion sections of the wireless transceiver can be achieved. The ADF4106 consists of low noise digital phase frequency detector, a precise charge pump, a programmable reference frequency divider R (14 bit), a programmable a (6 bit), B (13 bit) counter, and a dual-mode prescaler P/P + 1. A. The counter B is connected with the dual-mode prescaler to realize a frequency divider N, and N = PB + A. The chip has the frequency bandwidth of 6GHz, the supply voltage of 2.73.3V, the supply voltage of an independent charge pump, and the programmable dual-mode prescaler P/P + 1, wherein the values of the programmable dual-mode prescaler P/P +1 can be 8/916117, 32/33 and 64/65, and the chip also has the characteristics of a three-wire serial interface, analog-digital locking detection, a hardware-software low-power consumption mode and the like. The ADF4106 together with an external band pass filter and voltage controlled oscillator may form a complete phase locked loop. The system architecture is simplified and costs are reduced due to the broadband nature of the ADF4106 which eliminates the use of frequency multipliers in many high frequency systems. The ADF4106 chip is connected with a frequency synthesis unit A and a frequency synthesis unit B, the frequency synthesis unit A outputs a left-hand signal which is directly transmitted to an operational amplifier through a voltage-controlled oscillator, and the frequency synthesis unit B outputs a right-hand signal which is transmitted to the operational amplifier through the voltage-controlled oscillator and a band-pass filter; the output signal of the operational amplifier reaches an attenuator through a band-pass filter, and a signal frequency with the same stability and accuracy is generated after the signal attenuation; when the ADF4106 chip loop locks, the output frequency is:
in the formula (1), the reaction mixture is,f 1 in order to output the frequency of the frequency,f 2 for the purpose of reference to the frequency (f),NandRall are internal programmable counter parameters, and the proper output frequency is obtained by changing the values of N and Rf 1 . The output power calculation capability can be improved through the functional relation, and the information and capability of the output frequency can be visually embodied by expressing different parameters through mathematics. In a specific embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, the communication signal transceiver includes a sampling clock circuit, a CLK input clock signal passes through a capacitor C1 to a flip-flop S end, another clock signal passes through a resistor L2 and a resistor L3 to a flip-flop R end, and a CLK output end is grounded through a resistor L1; the output end of the trigger is grounded through a capacitor C2, the output end of the trigger is connected to VCTRL, and the end of the VCTRL is grounded through a capacitor C3; the Q end of the trigger outputs a differential signal CLK + through a capacitor C4, and the end of the trigger
A differential signal CLK & lt- & gt is output through a capacitor C5, the output end of the trigger is converted into differential signals CLK & lt- & gt and CLK & lt- & gt through series-parallel connection of resistors L4 and L6 and resistors L5 and L7, then the converted differential signals CLK & lt- & gt and CLK & lt- & gt are input into a D + end and a D-end of a differential converter MC100LEVEL11, a VCC end of the differential converter is connected with a VCTRL end, and the VCTRL end is grounded through a capacitor C6; the output end Q1+ of the differential converter outputs CLK1+ through a capacitor C7, the output end Q1-of the differential converter outputs CLK 1-through a capacitor C8, the output end Q2+ of the differential converter outputs CLK2+ through a capacitor C9, and the output end Q2-of the differential converter outputs CLK 2-through a capacitor C10; the output end of the differential converter outputs CLK1+, CLK 1-and CLK2+, CLK 2-as sampling clock signals in series-parallel connection with the resistors L9, L11, L13 through the resistors L8, L10, L12.
In a specific embodiment, frequency synthesis refers to a process of generating a large number of discrete frequencies with the same stability and accuracy by linear operation in the frequency domain from one or more reference signal sources with high frequency stability and accuracy. Frequency synthesis is classified into direct frequency synthesis and indirect frequency synthesis. The direct frequency synthesis is that the frequency of the crystal oscillator is output, and the frequency is added, subtracted, multiplied and divided through a mixer, a frequency multiplier and a frequency divider to generate a large number of frequency components, and the frequencies are directly subjected to frequency selection through a frequency filter to output stable frequency. The method has the advantages of high resolution, short conversion time, wide frequency band and small phase jitter. The disadvantages are that the stray frequency has more components, the interference is easy to occur, the equipment is large and complex, and the cost is high. Indirect frequency synthesis means that the frequency output is not directly from a crystal oscillator, but rather from a voltage controlled oscillator. This method forces the frequency of a voltage controlled oscillator to be locked to a highly stable standard frequency by using a phase locked loop, thereby obtaining a plurality of stable frequencies, and is also called phase locked frequency synthesis. In this method, the standard frequency from the crystal oscillator is compared with the phase of the output signal of the voltage controlled oscillator in a phase detector, the output voltage of the phase detector is applied to the voltage controlled element of the voltage controlled oscillator via a low pass filter, which adjusts the frequency of the voltage controlled oscillator at any time, so that the output frequency has a certain relationship with the standard frequency of the crystal oscillator. The indirect frequency synthesizer has the advantages of small volume, low cost and small phase noise, but the resolution is not high, and the frequency conversion time is longer. In modern communication and measurement devices, indirect frequency synthesis techniques are mainly used.
In a specific embodiment, the first signal processing module further includes a signal phase noise algorithm, and the phase noise is a random change of a system output signal phase caused by the millimeter wave broadband portable standard source control system under the action of various noises. The method is an important index for measuring the frequency stability quality of a frequency standard source (a high-stability crystal oscillator, an atomic frequency standard and the like), and the corresponding noise value is smaller and smaller along with the continuous improvement of the performance of the frequency standard source, so that the measurement requirement on a phase noise spectrum is higher and higher. The reference source signal is parsed into:
in the formula (2), the reaction mixture is,φ(t) For the time-dependent phase jitter of the reference source signal,tin order to be a period of time,Ais the amplitude, omega is the angular frequency,nthe frequency multiplication times; in practice, the signal has a certain spectral width and deviates from the center frequency due to the influence of noiseAlso the power of the signal, and signals that are far from the center frequency are called sideband signals, which may be pushed into adjacent frequencies vianObtaining a frequency-doubled signal after secondary frequency doublingSComprises the following steps:
in an electronic circuit, the frequency of the output signal generated is an integer multiple of the frequency of the input signal, referred to as the frequency multiplier. Assuming that the input signal frequency is n, the first frequency multiplication 2n, correspondingly 3n, 4n, 8230; etc. are called frequency multiplication. On-carrier signal frequency offsetf m In thatmThe noise power spectral density of (b) is:
in the formula (4), the reaction mixture is,Min order to be a function of the auto-correlation,xis the noise power; the noise power spectral density is the power carried by the noise per unit frequency obtained when the spectral density of the noise is multiplied by an appropriate coefficient, and is called the noise power spectral density. In a particular embodiment, the signal is typically in the form of a wave, such as a sound wave. When the spectral density of a wave is multiplied by an appropriate coefficient, the power carried by the wave per unit frequency will be obtained, which is called the power spectral density of the signal. The unit of power spectral density is typically expressed in watts per hertz, or in watts per nanometer. To self-correlateMThe formula (4) is simplified by substituting the formula (2):
as is illustrated by the equation (5),nthe power of the phase noise of the signal after the second frequency multiplication being changed into the phase noise of the source signaln 2 Fold, expressed logarithmically as:
in the formula (6), the reaction mixture is,κis a logarithmic function, lognIs a function of the number of the cells in logarithmic units, i.e. in logarithmic relations,nthe theoretical phase noise degradation value of the second-order frequency multiplication is 20logn. The same process is carried out; the calibration source requires that the phase noise of an output signal is better than-90 dBc/Hz, if 100MHz is taken as the reference frequency, the upper limit of frequency multiplication times is 69 times theoretically, therefore, the equivalent additional phase noise of all the device parts participating in frequency synthesis of the calibration source at 100MHz is less than-127 dBc/Hz, and whether the calibration is carried out or not is verified by calculating the phase noise of the signal.
In a specific embodiment, as shown in fig. 4, a millimeter wave broadband portable calibration source control method is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
(S1) a user sends an instruction to a millimeter wave broadband portable calibration source control system through a microphone, a touch screen and a keyboard, and the sending instruction is encoded through a short message;
in a particular embodiment, the millimeter waves are electromagnetic waves having a wavelength of about 1 millimeter. The wavelength is converted to frequency using the formula f = c/λ, where c is the speed of light and λ is the wavelength. Finally, the frequency range of the millimeter wave is 30-300 GHz. The millimeter wave band is designated by the international telecommunications union as the "very high frequency" band. Millimeter-wave signal propagation features include high free-space path loss, significant atmospheric attenuation diffuse reflection, and limited penetration depth.
(S2) after the millimeter wave broadband portable calibration source control system receives the short message, decoding the short message by a digital decoder to extract a control command;
in a particular embodiment, wide bandwidth means a higher peak data rate. This may mean that more simultaneous communication channels can be handled at a given data rate, or that more data is sent in a single communication. The low frequency spectrum is heavily used and therefore cannot provide these desired wide bandwidths. For example, the 5GNR specification of 3GPP allocates a maximum channel bandwidth of only 100MHz below 6GHz and up to 400MHz in frequency bands above 24 GHz. With the continued development of these 5G specifications, some groups are swimming into broader bandwidth allocations in the millimeter wave spectrum. Due to these wide bandwidths and high data rates, millimeter waves have long been used for satellite communications at 27.5GHz and 31 GHz. Advances in high frequency circuit technology, including silicon carbide and gallium nitride (GaN), and the associated lower manufacturing costs are bringing millimeter wave communications to terrestrial, mask market consumer applications, such as 5GNR.
(S3) setting the millimeter wave broadband portable calibration source to a specified working state according to the command content, and acquiring signals through an antenna;
in a particular embodiment, several types of antennas can be used in the millimeter wave frequency range, and since the dimensions of a millimeter wave antenna are proportional to the wavelength, a very large antenna (with respect to the wavelength) on the "electrical concept (circuit diagram)" can be constructed, although the geometrical dimensions are still small. In planar arrays, a tree or corporate feed network is required to support the limited bandwidth of the planar radiating elements. As antenna size increases, feed loss dominates antenna performance, and although the beamwidth becomes smaller as the array size increases, the gain reaches a maximum around 30dB and drops off for larger arrays. For large antennas, an improved feeding concept should be chosen. One way of implementing this is to use less lossy transmission lines, such as waveguides, for the main part of the feed network, which can then be manufactured by plastic injection molding, or to use a more standard antenna concept and a quasi-optical feed, such as a parabolic reflector or a lens antenna.
And (S4) finally, transmitting sound and touch screen display information from the working state of the millimeter wave broadband portable calibration source through a loudspeaker, and completing a control task.
In a specific embodiment, the approximation of the antenna acquisition signal to the signal sine function by the convergent chebyshev polynomial approximation method realizes the calculation processing of the communication digital signal, and comprises the following processes:
approximation calculation using taylor series approximation, as shown in equation (7):
in the formula (7), the reaction mixture is,f(x) A function of an approximate calculation is represented,kthe sequence number is shown to indicate that,Kthe number of the items is represented,x 0 represents the initial value of the signal; the iteration times are shortened and the complexity of approximate calculation is reduced through Chebyshev polynomial approximation, wherein the K-time Chebyshev polynomial approximation formula is as follows:
in the formula (8), the reaction mixture is,c 0 is a constant number of times that is initially constant,Trepresenting a chebyshev cut-off polynomial,c k for the chebyshev coefficient, the chebyshev polynomial has important application in approximation theory. This is because the roots of the first class of chebyshev polynomials (called chebyshev nodes) can be used for polynomial interpolation, and the corresponding interpolation polynomials minimize the dragon phenomenon and provide the best consistent approximation of the polynomial in a continuous function.c k As shown in equation (9):
in the formula (9), the reaction mixture is,x i is composed ofKDifferent roots of the second chebyshev polynomial, as shown in equation (10):
when fitting is carried out based on the Chebyshev polynomial, a variable definition domain needs to be converted into [ -1,1] to ensure the accuracy of the Chebyshev polynomial, the Chebyshev polynomial can be used in parametric modeling of a geometric error term, a sine phase-amplitude conversion approximation formula is adopted, and therefore the 16-bit quantized Chebyshev polynomial is obtained as follows:
in the equation (11), since the first coefficient of the approximation polynomial is greater than 1, scaling is required to obtain the best approximation value when performing the fixed-point numerical calculation.
In a specific embodiment, the millimeter wave broadband is configured to implement any one of long term evolution, long term evolution advanced, and mobile worldwide interoperability for microwave access. The outside of the portable millimeter wave broadband calibration source is provided with a plastic switch and lock catch and a hook, the hook is hung on the waist of a user, the switch lock catch is closed to fix, and the millimeter wave broadband calibration source can be moved in a portable mode.
Although specific embodiments of the present invention have been described above, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that these specific embodiments are merely illustrative and that various omissions, substitutions and changes in the form and details of the methods and systems described above may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention; for example, it is within the scope of the present invention to combine the steps of the methods described above to perform substantially the same function in substantially the same way to achieve substantially the same result; accordingly, the scope of the invention is to be limited only by the following claims.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides a portable calibration source control system in millimeter wave broadband which characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
a communication signal transceiver for receiving from an antenna an incoming RF signal transmitted by a base station of a wireless network; the communication signal transceiver comprises a horizontal polarization receiving channel, a vertical polarization receiving channel and an auxiliary receiving channel, and carries out down-conversion processing on a calibration test signal of the receiver through the horizontal polarization receiving channel and the vertical polarization receiving channel, and then sends the signal to the first signal processing module to realize calibration measurement of gains of the horizontal polarization receiving channel and the vertical polarization receiving channel of the communication signal transceiver;
the first signal processing module is used for respectively processing the calibration test signal, the transmitting power monitoring signal and the target echo signal sent by the communication signal transceiver to respectively obtain corresponding power spectrum data and sending the power spectrum data to the control module; the first signal processing module comprises a frequency synthesizer and a digital decoder, generates a processed baseband signal by filtering, decoding and digitizing the baseband, and sends the processed baseband signal to the control module for further processing;
the second signal processing module is used for processing the microphone voice signal to obtain corresponding voice instruction data and sending the voice instruction data to the control module; the second signal processing module generates processed voice instruction data through filtering, decoding and digitalizing baseband, and the control module analyzes the voice instruction data and then sends response instruction data to the outside through a loudspeaker;
the control module is used for controlling the output of the real-time calibration and detection communication signals, generating synchronous control signals and outputting the synchronous control signals to the display module; the control module is an STM8S model 8-bit microcontroller, has a CPU clock frequency of 16 MHz and a working voltage of 2.95-5.5V, and the communication interface comprises a UART, an SPI and an I2C;
the storage module is used for storing a readable medium for calibrating the test signal; the memory module comprises a random access memory module and a read-only memory module, and completes the random read-write of the basic input and output driver and the guide operation of the control module;
the operation module is used for externally connecting a medium for artificial operation control; the operation module is coupled on the control module, and a user operates the millimeter wave broadband portable calibration source control system through a keyboard key;
the display module is used for displaying the signal processing operation process of the millimeter wave broadband portable calibration source control system; the display module adopts a man-machine interaction input and output mode, detects the touch position of a user by applying the touch screen, converts the touch position of the user into a contact point coordinate, transmits the contact point coordinate to the CPU, and can receive and execute a command sent by the CPU;
the output interface of the communication signal transceiver is connected with the input interface of the first signal processing module, the output interface of the first signal processing module is connected with the input interface of the control module, the output interface of the second signal processing module is connected with the input interface of the control module, the output interface of the control module is connected with the input interface of the storage module, the output interface of the control module is connected with the input interface of the operation module, and the output interface of the control module is connected with the input interface of the display module;
the first signal processing module comprises a frequency synthesizer, the frequency synthesizer outputs signals of a left-hand path and a right-hand path, the frequency of the output signals is 7950-8950 MHZ, and the frequency stepping value is 1MHZ; the frequency synthesizer is controlled by an ADF4106 chip, the ADF4106 chip is connected with a frequency synthesis unit A and a frequency synthesis unit B, a left-hand signal output by the frequency synthesis unit A is directly transmitted to the operational amplifier through the voltage-controlled oscillator, and a right-hand signal output by the frequency synthesis unit B is transmitted to the operational amplifier through the voltage-controlled oscillator and the band-pass filter; the output signal of the operational amplifier reaches an attenuator through a band-pass filter, and a signal frequency with the same stability and accuracy is generated after the signal attenuation; when the ADF4106 chip loop locks, the output frequency is:
in the formula (1), the reaction mixture is,f 1 in order to output the frequency of the radio frequency,f 2 as a reference frequency, the frequency of the frequency,NandRall are internal programmable counter parameters, and the proper output frequency is obtained by changing the values of N and Rf 1 。
2. The millimeter wave broadband portable calibration source control system according to claim 1, wherein: the millimeter wave broadband portable calibration source control system is externally connected with a keyboard, a touch screen, a microphone and a loudspeaker; the output interface of the keyboard is connected with the input interface of the operation module, the output interface of the touch screen is connected with the input interface of the display module, the output interface of the microphone is connected with the input interface of the second signal processing module, and the input interface of the loudspeaker is connected with the output interface of the second signal processing module.
3. The millimeter wave broadband portable calibration source control system according to claim 1, wherein: the millimeter wave broadband portable calibration source control system further comprises a GSM module, wherein the GSM module comprises a TC35i module, the frequency ranges of the GSM module are double-frequency GSM90OMHz and GSMl800MHz, the power supply range is 3.3-4.8V of direct current, the current consumption sleep state is 3.5mA, the idle state is 25mA, and the emission state is 30mA.
4. The millimeter wave broadband portable calibration source control system of claim 1, wherein: the first signal processing module further comprises a signal phase noise algorithm that resolves the reference source signal into:
in the formula (2), the reaction mixture is,
for the time-dependent phase jitter of the reference source signal,tin order to be a period of time,Ais the amplitude, omega is the angular frequency,nthe frequency multiplication times; warp beamnObtaining a frequency multiplication signal after frequency multiplicationSComprises the following steps:
on-off-carrier signal frequency offsetf m In thatmThe noise power spectral density of (d) is:
in the formula (4), the reaction mixture is,Min order to be a function of the auto-correlation,xis the noise power; to self-correlateMThe substitution of the formula (2) into the formula (4) is simplified as:
as is illustrated by the equation (5),nthe power of the phase noise of the signal after the second frequency multiplication being changed into the phase noise of the source signaln 2 Fold, the fold formula is expressed logarithmically as:
in the formula (5), the reaction mixture is,κis a logarithmic function, lognIs a unit of a logarithm, and is, nthe theoretical phase noise degradation value of the second order frequency multiplication is 20logn。
5. The millimeter wave broadband portable calibration source control system of claim 1, wherein: the communication signal transceiver comprises a sampling clock circuit, the sampling clock circuit inputs a clock signal to the S end of the trigger through CLK through a capacitor C1, the other path of the clock signal is transmitted to the R end of the trigger through a resistor L2 and a resistor L3, and the CLK output end is grounded through a resistor L1; the output end of the trigger is grounded through a capacitor C2, the output end of the trigger is connected to VCTRL, and the end of the VCTRL is grounded through a capacitor C3; the Q end of the trigger outputs a differential signal CLK + through a capacitor C4
A differential signal CLK & lt- & gt is output through a capacitor C5, the output end of the trigger is converted into differential signals CLK & lt- & gt and CLK & lt- & gt through series-parallel connection of resistors L4 and L6 and resistors L5 and L7, then the converted differential signals CLK & lt- & gt and CLK & lt- & gt are input into a D + end and a D-end of a differential converter MC100LEVEL11, a VCC end of the differential converter is connected with a VCTRL end, and the VCTRL end is grounded through a capacitor C6; the output end Q1+ of the differential converter outputs CLK1+ through a capacitor C7, the output end Q1-of the differential converter outputs CLK 1-through a capacitor C8, the output end Q2+ of the differential converter outputs CLK2+ through a capacitor C9, and the output end Q2-of the differential converter outputs CLK 2-through a capacitor C10; the output end of the differential converter outputs CLK1+, CLK 1-and CLK2+, CLK 2-as sampling clock signals in series-parallel connection with the resistors L9, L11, L13 through the resistors L8, L10, L12.
6. A millimeter wave broadband portable calibration source control method is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
(S1) a user sends an instruction to a millimeter wave broadband portable calibration source control system through a microphone, a touch screen and a keyboard, and the sending instruction is coded through a short message;
(S2) after the millimeter wave broadband portable calibration source control system receives the short message, decoding the short message by a digital decoder to extract a control command;
(S3) setting the millimeter wave broadband portable calibration source to a specified working state according to the command content, and acquiring signals through an antenna;
(S4) finally, transmitting sound and touch screen display information from the working state of the millimeter wave broadband portable calibration source through a loudspeaker, and completing a control task;
the method is characterized in that the antenna acquisition signal approximates a signal sine function through a convergent Chebyshev polynomial approximation method to realize the calculation processing of communication digital signals, and comprises the following processes:
approximation calculation using taylor series approximation, as shown in equation (7):
in the formula (7), the reaction mixture is,f(x) A function of an approximate calculation is represented,kthe sequence number is shown to indicate that,Kthe number of the items is represented,x 0 represents the initial value of the signal;Kthe sub-chebyshev polynomial approximation formula is:
in the formula (8), the reaction mixture is,c 0 is a constant number of times that is initially constant,Trepresenting a chebyshev cut-off polynomial,c k for the chebyshev coefficient, as shown in equation (9):
in the formula (9), the reaction mixture is,x i is composed ofKDifferent roots of the second chebyshev polynomial, as shown in equation (10):
the sine phase-amplitude conversion approximates to a formula, and a 16-bit quantized Chebyshev polynomial can be obtained by the method:
in the equation (11), since the first coefficient of the approximation polynomial is greater than 1, scaling is required to obtain the best approximation value when performing the fixed-point numerical calculation.
7. The millimeter wave broadband portable calibration source control method according to claim 6, characterized in that: the millimeter wave broadband is configured to implement any one of long term evolution, long term evolution advanced and mobile worldwide interoperability for microwave access.
8. The millimeter wave broadband portable calibration source control method according to claim 6, characterized in that: the outside of the portable calibration source of millimeter wave broadband is equipped with plastic switch hasp and couple, closes the switch hasp with the couple string at user's waist and fixes.
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