CN115652146A - High-temperature alloy capillary tube for gas delivery of heat exchanger of space engine and production process - Google Patents
High-temperature alloy capillary tube for gas delivery of heat exchanger of space engine and production process Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of manufacturing of high-temperature alloy capillary tubes for spaceflight, and particularly relates to a high-temperature alloy capillary tube for gas delivery of a heat exchanger of a spaceflight engine and a production process thereof. The chemical components of the material comprise: c is less than or equal to 0.08 percent; si is less than or equal to 0.35 percent; mn is less than or equal to 0.35 percent; p is less than or equal to 0.015 percent; s is less than or equal to 0.015 percent; 17-21% of Cr; ni is 50-55%; ti is 0.65-1.15%; 0.2 to 0.8 percent of Al; cu is less than or equal to 0.3 percent; co is less than or equal to 1.0 percent; mg is less than or equal to 1.0 percent; mo is 2.8-3.3%; nb is 4.75-5.5%; n is less than or equal to 0.01 percent; h is less than or equal to 0.001 percent; o is less than or equal to 0.002 percent; b is less than or equal to 0.006 percent, and the balance of Fe and other inevitable impurities; the production process comprises the steps of material selection, perforation, arrangement, coping, rough rolling, intermediate drawing, finish rolling, wall reduction drawing, finished product drawing and heat treatment to obtain a finished product.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of aerospace high-temperature alloy capillary tube manufacturing, and particularly relates to a high-temperature alloy capillary tube for gas delivery of a heat exchanger of an aerospace engine and a production process thereof.
Background
The high-temperature alloy capillary tube is a core component of a heat exchange system of a strong precooling engine, the outer diameter of the high-temperature alloy capillary tube is millimeter level, the wall thickness of the high-temperature alloy capillary tube is micrometer level, the heat exchanger can be ensured to cool the incoming flow of Mach 5 from 1000 ℃ to 100 ℃ in the moment of 0.05s, and the high-temperature alloy capillary tube has the characteristics of super-strong pressure resistance, super-high heat resistance, super-high precision, super-light weight, extreme size, high reliability and the like, and has important significance for reducing the temperature of the inlet airflow of the engine, relieving the thermal environment of each working part and realizing horizontal take-off and landing hypersonic flight.
With the development of aviation, rocket and ground gas turbines, the temperature of the turbine inlet of the engine is continuously increased, more requirements are provided for the working temperature of the high-temperature alloy by parts such as a combustion chamber, a turbine guide blade, a working blade, a turbine, a compressor disc and the like of a novel engine, and the nickel-based high-temperature alloy is widely applied to the manufacturing of aerospace, turbine discs and aircraft engines. The high-temperature alloy has become the preferential improvement and development direction in aerospace high-tech materials, and the application materials at high temperature have quite important promotion effect on the fields of aerospace technology, particularly hot-end parts, solid rockets and the like. The high-temperature alloy is a structural material which is widely applied in the fields of aerospace, power generation, petroleum, petrifaction, ships and warships and the like.
However, the production process of the high-temperature alloy capillary tube for gas transmission of the heat exchanger of the aerospace engine is rarely disclosed, basically belongs to the technical blank, and cannot meet the development requirements of aerospace industry in China, so that the high-temperature alloy capillary tube becomes a technical problem to be solved urgently by technical personnel in the field.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical idea of the invention is to solve the problems and provide a high-temperature alloy capillary tube for gas transmission of a heat exchanger of an aerospace engine.
In order to realize the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a high-temperature alloy capillary tube for the heat exchanger of space engine is composed of high-temperature alloy
The chemical composition of the capillary tube comprises: c is less than or equal to 0.08 percent; si is less than or equal to 0.35 percent; mn is less than or equal to 0.35 percent;
p is less than or equal to 0.015 percent; s is less than or equal to 0.015 percent; 17-21% of Cr; ni is 50-55%; ti is 0.65-1.15%; 0.2 to 0.8 percent of Al; cu is less than or equal to 0.3 percent; co is less than or equal to 1.0 percent; mg is less than or equal to 1.0 percent; mo is 2.8-3.3%; nb is 4.75-5.5%; n is less than or equal to 0.01 percent; h is less than or equal to 0.001 percent; o is less than or equal to 0.002 percent; b is less than or equal to 0.006 percent, and the balance of Fe and other inevitable impurities;
the finished superalloy capillary, wherein:
mechanical properties: the tensile strength is more than or equal to 1300MPa, and the yield strength is more than or equal to 1100MPa;
organizing: the grain size is more than or equal to 7.0 grade, and the B-class primary carbide is 2.0 grade;
dimensional tolerance: the outer diameter is 1.0mm, and the tolerance is +/-0.02 mm; the wall thickness is 0.05mm, and the tolerance is +/-0.01 mm; length 945mm, length tolerance: plus or minus 5mm.
In addition, the invention also aims to provide a production process of the high-temperature alloy capillary tube for gas transmission of the heat exchanger of the aerospace engine.
In order to realize the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a production process of a high-temperature alloy capillary tube for a heat exchanger of an aerospace engine comprises the following steps:
s1, selecting materials: selecting a high-temperature alloy bar billet as a processing raw material, wherein the grain size is as follows: grade 7, no shrinkage cavity, shrinkage cavity trace, cavity, crack, slag inclusion and pinhole on the surface, B-type primary carbide: 2.0;
s2, perforation: cutting the straight bar blank into a fixed length, and then perforating to obtain a pipe with a certain specification;
s3, arranging: regulating the pipe specifications to be consistent;
s4, grinding: carrying out two processing on the inner wall of the pipe by using a deep hole boring machine;
s5, rough rolling: 7-pass rolling is carried out on the ground pipe, the elongation coefficient is controlled to be between 1.4 and 1.8, the deformation rate of each pass is between 25 percent and 40 percent, the size of a roller is consistent with the outer diameter of a semi-finished product of each pass, the size of a core rod is consistent with the inner diameter of the semi-finished product of each pass, the speed of the rolling mill is controlled to be between 60 and 70 times/min, and the feeding amount is controlled to be between 1.5 and 3mm;
s6, drawing in the middle: the step is hollow drawing, the blank drawing is carried out for 4 times, the deformation rate of each time is between 5 percent and 20 percent, the size of a drawing die is consistent with the outer diameter of a semi-finished product of each time, and the drawing speed is controlled at 10M/min;
s7, finish rolling: rolling for 6 passes, wherein the deformation rate of each pass is 30-40%, the size of a roller is consistent with the outer diameter of the semi-finished product of each pass, the size of a core rod is consistent with the inner diameter of the semi-finished product of each pass, the speed of the rolling is controlled between 50-60 times/min, and the feeding amount is controlled between 1-1.5 mm;
s8, wall reduction drawing: drawing for 3 times, wherein the deformation rate of each time is 25% -40%, the size of a drawing die is consistent with the outer diameter of a semi-finished product of each time, and the drawing speed is controlled at 5M/min;
s9, drawing of finished products: empty drawing 3 passes, wherein the deformation rate of each pass is 10-40%, the size of a drawing die is consistent with the outer diameter of a semi-finished product of each pass, and the drawing speed is controlled at 5-10M/min;
performing heat treatment after each cold working pass of the semi-finished product, wherein the intermediate treatment temperature is 1040 +/-10 ℃, and the tape-moving speed is 20-25m/min;
selecting 990 +/-10 ℃ of temperature of the prior-pass solution treatment of the finished product, and enabling the tape transport speed to be 22-25min; and obtaining a finished product after the last empty drawing.
The technical scheme can be adopted to further solve the technical problems as follows:
in the production process of the high-temperature alloy capillary tube, the rough rolling step comprises the following 7 passes:
a first pass: deformation rate: 29.84-36.32%; elongation coefficient: 1.43-1.57; reducing the diameter: 1-2.8mm; wall reduction: 3-4mm;
and (3) a second pass: deformation rate: 31.12 to 40.23 percent; elongation coefficient: 1.45-1.67; reducing the diameter: 3-4mm; wall reduction: 0.5-1mm;
and a third step: deformation rate: 30.30-32.21%; elongation coefficient: 1.43-1.48; reducing the diameter: 2-4mm; wall reduction: 0.3-0.6mm;
and a fourth pass: deformation rate: 38.30 to 38.70 percent; elongation coefficient: 1.51-1.63; reducing the diameter: 6-9mm; wall reduction: 0-0.3mm;
and a fifth pass: deformation rate: 28.74 to 34.81 percent; elongation coefficient: 1.40-1.53; reducing the diameter: 1-3mm; wall reduction: 0.1-0.4mm;
and a sixth pass: deformation rate: 30.94-35.13%; elongation coefficient: 1.45-1.54; reducing the diameter: 1-1.4mm; wall reduction: -0.2-0.3mm;
and a seventh step: deformation rate: 28.49-36.52%; elongation coefficient: 1.40-1.58; reducing the diameter: 0.8-1.4mm; wall reduction: 0.15-0.25mm.
In the rough rolling process, the microstructure uniformity of the product is ensured by large-deformation cold processing and fine grain crushing.
Further, in the production process of the high-temperature alloy capillary tube, the intermediate drawing is hollow drawing and is divided into the following 4 steps:
a first pass: deformation rate: 6.00-7.15%; the elongation coefficient is 1.06-1.08; reducing the diameter: 1.7-2.2; wall increasing amount: 0.05-0.07;
and (3) a second pass: deformation rate: 7.07-10.61%; the elongation coefficient is 1.08-1.12; reducing the diameter: 1.4-1.5; wall increasing amount: 0.03-0.05;
and (3) a third step: deformation rate: 8.72 to 12.50 percent; the elongation coefficient is 1.10-1.14; reducing the diameter: 1.2-1.5; wall increasing amount: 0.03-0.04;
and (4) fourth pass: deformation rate: 18.66-19.70%; the elongation coefficient is 1.23-1.25; reducing the diameter: 1.5-1.7; wall increasing amount: 0.01-0.02.
According to the technical scheme, the wall thickness is increased and the surface quality of the inner wall and the outer wall of the pipe is ensured by small-deformation cold processing.
Further, in the production process of the high-temperature alloy capillary tube, the finish rolling is divided into the following 6 passes:
the first time: deformation rate: 30.91-35.60%; the elongation coefficient is 1.45-1.55; reducing the diameter: 0.4-0.8; wall reduction: 0.2;
and (3) second pass: deformation rate: 35.73-39.20%; the elongation coefficient is 1.56-1.64; reducing the diameter: 0.8 to 1.3; wall reduction: 0.12-0.15;
and (3) a third step: deformation rate: 36.17 to 38.54 percent; the elongation coefficient is 1.57-1.63; reducing the diameter: 0.6-0.7; wall reduction: 0.10-0.12;
and a fourth pass: deformation rate: 31.87-35.99%; the elongation coefficient is 1.47-1.56; reducing the diameter: 1.7-2.2; wall reduction: 0.06-0.08;
and (5) fifth pass: deformation rate: 29.37 to 31.15 percent; the elongation coefficient is 1.42-1.45; reducing the diameter: 0.3-0.4; wall reduction: 0.04-0.05;
and a sixth pass: deformation rate: 31.78-37.90%%; the elongation coefficient is 1.47-1.61; reducing the diameter: 0.2 to 0.3; wall reduction: 0.04-0.05.
Further, in the production process of the superalloy capillary tube, the wall-reducing drawing is divided into the following 3 drawing passes:
the first time: deformation rate: 28.94-33.65%; the elongation coefficient is 1.41-1.51; reducing the diameter: 0.4-0.6; wall reduction: 0.02;
and (3) second pass: deformation rate: 32.19 to 36.92 percent; the elongation coefficient is 1.47-1.59; reducing the diameter: 0.3-0.5; wall reduction: 0.02;
and (3) a third step: deformation rate: 33.42 to 38.78 percent; the elongation coefficient is 1.50-1.63; reducing the diameter: 0.3-0.5; wall reduction: 0.015.
thus, the drawing with a large deformation amount can reduce the thickness of the wall and stabilize the dimensional tolerance of the product.
Further, in the production process of the high-temperature alloy capillary tube, the drawing of the finished product is blank drawing, and the following 3 steps are included:
the first time: deformation rate: 15.04 to 25.02 percent; the elongation coefficient is 1.18-1.33; reducing the diameter: 0.4-0.5; wall increasing amount: 0.001-0.005;
and (3) a second pass: deformation rate: 12.00 to 28.77 percent; the elongation coefficient is 1.14-1.40; reducing the diameter: 0.3-0.5; wall increasing amount: 0 to 0.002;
and (3) a third step: deformation rate: 12.35 to 34.48 percent; the elongation coefficient is 1.14-1.53; reducing the diameter: 0.2-0.5; wall increasing amount: 0-0.003.
Therefore, the wall thickness is increased through small deformation drawing and reasonable matching, and the dimensional tolerance can be controlled while the surface quality of the product is ensured.
Still another object of the present invention is to provide an aerospace engine heat exchanger incorporating the superalloy capillary tube described above.
Meanwhile, the invention also aims to provide an aerospace engine comprising the high-temperature alloy capillary tube.
The problems to be solved by the present invention are not limited to the above-mentioned problems, and other technical problems not mentioned can be clearly understood from the following by those having ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention pertains.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention solves the technical problem that the aerospace high-temperature alloy capillary tube is lacked in the market at present, and the provided high-temperature alloy capillary tube has excellent mechanical properties: the tensile strength is more than or equal to 1300MPa, and the yield strength is more than or equal to 1100MPa; water pressure resistance of the inner wall: the alloy pipe is kept for 5min under the pressure of 10MPa, and the leakage phenomenon and the permanent deformation are not generated at other parts of the alloy pipe joint. The interior of the pipe has no defects of looseness, bubbles, holes, cracks, layering and the like; the air tightness is good. The grain size of the internal structure of the capillary is more than or equal to 7.0 grade, and the primary carbide is 2.0 grade; furthermore, as an aerospace accessory, the dimensional accuracy of the capillary: the outer diameter is 1.0mm, and the tolerance is +/-0.02 mm; the wall thickness is 0.05mm, and the tolerance is +/-0.01 mm; length 945mm, length tolerance: plus or minus 5mm; the performance can meet the use requirements of superstrong pressure resistance and ultrahigh precision of the heat exchanger of the aerospace engine.
In order to obtain the high-temperature alloy capillary tube meeting the performance, the key process of the production process is that on the basis of chemical components of GH4169 high-temperature alloy, 7 times of rough rolling, 4 times of intermediate hollow drawing, 6 times of finish rolling, 3 times of wall reduction drawing and 3 times of finished product drawing and heat treatment are carried out, the processes supplement each other, and the process parameters of each pass are reasonably configured, so that the quality of the finished product of the high-temperature alloy capillary tube is finally ensured.
Detailed Description
In order to make those skilled in the art better understand the technical solutions in the present invention, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The unit of the components of the material cited in the invention is unified as mass%. The quantities and the units of values not specifically described conform to the general regulations and the conventional usage in the industry, and are not described in detail.
A high-temperature alloy capillary tube for a heat exchanger of an aerospace engine comprises the following chemical components: the chemical composition of the high-temperature alloy capillary comprises the following components in percentage by mass: c is less than or equal to 0.08 percent; si is less than or equal to 0.35 percent; mn is less than or equal to 0.35 percent;
p is less than or equal to 0.015 percent; s is less than or equal to 0.015 percent; cr is 17-21%; ni is 50-55%; ti is 0.65-1.15%; 0.2 to 0.8 percent of Al; cu is less than or equal to 0.3 percent; co is less than or equal to 1.0 percent; mg is less than or equal to 1.0 percent; mo is 2.8-3.3%; nb is 4.75-5.5%; n is less than or equal to 0.01 percent; h is less than or equal to 0.001 percent; o is less than or equal to 0.002 percent; b is less than or equal to 0.006 percent, and the balance of Fe and other inevitable impurities;
the production process of the high-temperature alloy capillary tube for the heat exchanger of the aerospace engine comprises the following steps:
1) Selecting materials; 2) Perforating; 3) Regulating; 4) Grinding; 5) Rough rolling; 6) Intermediate drawing; 7) Fine rolling; 8) Wall reduction and drawing; 9) Drawing and heat treatment of finished products; 10 ) finished product.
The following detailed description of the specific technical solution is given by means of 3 examples:
example 1:
step 1, selecting materials:
selecting a high-temperature alloy bar billet with the diameter of 40mm as a processing raw material, wherein the grain size is as follows: grade 7, no shrinkage cavity, shrinkage cavity trace, void, crack, slag inclusion, pinhole and other defects are allowed on the surface, B-type primary carbide: 2.0. the chemical components of the GH4169 bar blank meet the following table:
GH4169 high-temperature alloy is a nickel-based high-temperature alloy which takes fcc austenite as a base, takes gamma '(Ni 3 Nb) as a main strengthening phase and is supplemented with gamma' (Ni 3 (Al, ti) strengthening, GH4169 high-temperature alloy has excellent high-temperature strength, oxidation resistance, creep resistance, corrosion resistance and good fatigue property, particularly has good stability at 650 ℃, can bear certain working pressure at 600-1200 ℃, and can ensure the stable performance and the uniform structure of a product due to the reasonable proportion of the components of the materials.
Step 2, perforation:
the perforation method comprises the following specific steps: cutting the bar blank obtained in the step 1 into fixed length of 210mm, and punching a centering hole on one side end face, wherein the size of the centering hole is phi 8mm, and the depth of the centering hole is 8mm, so as to obtain a pipe material with the specification of phi 40 x 6; this step may be a conventional one, and will not be described in detail.
It should be noted that, in order to ensure the perforation quality, the parameters of the perforating machine need to be reasonably configured as follows: for example: the roller spacing of the puncher is 30mm, the guide distance is 34mm, a molybdenum plug is adopted, the diameter phi of the plug is 28mm, and the position of the plug is 18mm; further, the perforator detailed parameters are shown in the following table:
step 3, regulating: and (3) completely regulating the pipe obtained in the step (2) from phi 40 to phi 36 to phi 5mm, so that the subsequent steps can be conveniently implemented. This step may be a conventional step, and will not be described.
Step 4, grinding: and (3) carrying out two processing on the inner wall of the repaired pipe by using a deep hole boring machine, and repairing the pipe from phi 36 x 5 to phi 35 x 4mm, so as to ensure that the inner surface and the outer surface of the pipe blank are smooth and have no defects which influence the subsequent processing.
The cutter size of the deep hole boring machine is phi 26.5 and phi 27Mm, the rotating speed of a cutter head is 160r/min, the feeding speed is 0.1Mm/r, the inner and outer surfaces after grinding are clean and free of contusions, pits, overlapping and other defects influencing rolling, and the roughness Ra is less than or equal to 0.5 mu m.
And 5, rough rolling, wherein the purpose of the step is to ensure the microstructure uniformity of the product through large deformation rate cold processing and fine grain crushing. Specifically, the process uses a rolling mill to roll the repaired phi 35 x 4 pipe in the following 7 passes to obtain a phi 13.2 x 0.55mm semi-finished product.
Step 6, intermediate drawing: drawing the pipe from phi 13.2 x 0.55 to phi 6.8 x 0.7mm by using a drawbench through the following 4 times of empty drawing; the deformation rate of each pass is between 5% and 20%, the size of the drawing die is consistent with the outer diameter of the semi-finished product of each pass, and the drawing speed is controlled at 10M/min. The step aims to ensure the surface quality of the inner wall and the outer wall of the pipe while increasing the wall thickness through cold processing with small deformation rate.
Step 7, finish rolling: the following 6 passes of finish rolling were performed using a finishing mill to roll the tubing from 6.8 x 0.7 to 3.5 x 0.1mm. The deformation rate of each pass is 30-40%, the size of the roller is consistent with the outer diameter of the semi-finished product of each pass, the size of the core rod is consistent with the inner diameter of the semi-finished product of each pass, the speed of the mandrel is controlled to be 50-60 times/min, and the feeding amount is controlled to be 1-1.5 mm. The purpose of this step is to ensure the surface quality of the rolled product by reducing the speed and feed rate of the vehicle.
Step 8, wall reduction and drawing: drawing for 3 times, namely drawing the pipe from phi 3.5 x 0.1 to phi 2.2 x 0.045mm, wherein the deformation rate of each time is between 28 and 37 percent, the size of a drawing die is consistent with the outer diameter of a semi-finished product of each time, and the drawing speed is controlled at 5M/min. The step is to reduce the wall thickness and stabilize the dimensional tolerance of the product through the drawing with large deformation rate.
Step 9, drawing of finished products: the pipe is drawn from phi 2.2 x 0.045 to phi 1 x 0.05mm through the following 3 times of idle drawing, the deformation rate of each time is 10-40%, the size of a drawing die is consistent with the outer diameter of a semi-finished product of each time, and the drawing speed is controlled at 5-10M/min. The step is to control the dimensional tolerance while controlling the surface quality of the product by drawing with a small deformation rate and increasing the wall thickness.
The method comprises the following steps of processing the product, wherein the step also comprises a heat treatment process, particularly after each pass of processing, and aims to eliminate the work hardening of the product, and control the microstructure uniformity and good mechanical property of the product by using reasonable temperature and heat preservation time.
The heat treatment process is carried out in the existing heating furnace equipment, and is not described again;
wherein, the semi-finished product is required to be subjected to heat treatment after each cold processing, wherein the intermediate treatment temperature is 1040 +/-10 ℃, and the tape-moving speed is 20-25m/min;
selecting the temperature of solution treatment before the finished product at 990 +/-10 ℃ and the tape-moving speed of 22-25min; and obtaining a finished product after the last empty drawing.
After the steps are completed, a finished high-temperature alloy capillary tube product can be prepared, and the properties of the finished product are as follows:
mechanical properties: the tensile strength is 1355MPa, and the yield strength is 1226MPa;
organizing: the grain size is 6.0 grade, and the primary carbide is 1.0 grade;
dimensional tolerance: outer diameter 1.0mm, tolerance +0.02/-0.01mm; wall thickness 0.05mm, tolerance +0.008/-0.002mm; length 945mm, length tolerance: +3/-2mm;
internal quality: the alloy pipe has no defects of looseness, bubbles, holes, cracks, layering and the like;
airtightness: and (3) filling clean helium gas with the pressure of 0.5MPa (gauge pressure), immersing the alloy pipe into a water tank for 5min, and checking whether the surface has no air leakage.
Water pressure resistance of the inner wall: the alloy pipe is kept for 5min under the pressure of 10MPa, and the leakage phenomenon and the permanent deformation are not generated at other parts of the alloy pipe joint.
Example 2:
step 1, selecting materials
Selecting a high-temperature alloy bar blank with the diameter of 40mm as a processing raw material, wherein the grain size is as follows: grade 7, no shrinkage cavity, shrinkage cavity trace, void, crack, slag inclusion, pinhole and other defects are allowed on the surface, B-type primary carbide: 2.0.
the chemical components are as follows:
| element(s) | C | Si | Mn | P | S |
| Content (%) | 0.049 | 0.20 | 0.20 | 0.008 | 0.0007 |
| Element(s) | Ni | Cr | Ti | Mo | Al |
| Content (%) | 53.15 | 19.32 | 1.02 | 3.16 | 0.4 |
| Element(s) | Nb | B | Mg | Co | Cu |
| Content (%) | 4.93 | 0.003 | 0.0005 | 0.1 | 0.08 |
| Element(s) | N | H | O | Fe | |
| Content (%) | 0.0093 | 0.00032 | 0.0013 | Surplus |
Step 2, perforation:
the perforation method comprises the following specific steps: cutting the bar blank obtained in the step 1 into a fixed length of 210mm, and punching a centering hole on one side end face, wherein the size of the centering hole is phi 8mm, and the depth of the centering hole is 10mm, so as to obtain a pipe material with the specification of phi 40 x 6; this step may be a conventional one, and will not be described in detail.
It should be noted that, in order to ensure the perforation quality, the parameters of the perforating machine need to be reasonably configured as follows: for example: the roller spacing of the puncher is 30mm, the guide distance is 34mm, a molybdenum plug is adopted, the diameter phi of the plug is 28mm, and the position of the plug is 19mm; further, the perforator detailed parameters are shown in the following table:
and 3, regulating the tubes obtained in the step 2 from phi 40 x 6 to phi 36 x 5mm, so as to facilitate the implementation of the subsequent steps. This step may be a conventional step, and is not described in detail.
Step 4, coping: and (3) carrying out two processing on the inner wall of the ground pipe by using a deep hole boring machine, grinding the pipe from phi 36 x 5 to phi 35 x 4mm, and aiming at ensuring that the inner surface and the outer surface of the pipe blank are smooth and have no defects influencing subsequent processing.
The cutter size of the deep hole boring machine is phi 26.5 and phi 27Mm, the rotating speed of a cutter head is 160r/min, the feeding speed is 0.1Mm/r, the inner and outer surfaces after grinding are clean and free from contusion, pits, overlapping and other defects influencing rolling, and the roughness Ra is less than or equal to 0.5 mu m.
And 5, rough rolling, wherein the purpose of the step is to ensure the microstructure uniformity of the product through cold working with large deformation rate and fine crushing of crystal grains. Specifically, the step uses a rolling mill to perform the following 7 rolling passes on the repaired pipe with the diameter of 35 × 4, so as to obtain a semi-finished product with the diameter of 13.2 × 0.55mm.
Step 6, intermediate drawing: drawing the pipe from phi 13.2 x 0.55 to phi 6.8 x 0.7mm by using a drawbench through the following 4 times of empty drawing; the deformation rate of each pass is 7.5% -19%, the size of the drawing die is consistent with the outer diameter of the semi-finished product of each pass, and the drawing speed is controlled at 10M/min. The step aims to ensure the surface quality of the inner wall and the outer wall of the pipe while increasing the wall thickness through cold processing with small deformation rate.
Step 7, finish rolling: the following 6 passes of finish rolling were performed using a finishing mill to roll the tubing from 6.8 x 0.7 to 3.5 x 0.1mm. The deformation rate of each pass is between 33% and 38%, the size of the roller is consistent with the outer diameter of the semi-finished product of each pass, the size of the mandrel is consistent with the inner diameter of the semi-finished product of each pass, the speed of the vehicle is controlled between 50 and 60 times/min, and the feeding amount is controlled between 1 and 1.5 mm. The purpose of this step is to ensure the surface quality of the rolled product by reducing the speed and feed rate of the vehicle.
Step 8, wall reduction drawing: drawing for 3 times, namely drawing the pipe from phi 3.5 x 0.1 to phi 2.2 x 0.045mm, wherein the deformation rate of each time is between 28 and 37 percent, the size of a drawing die is consistent with the outer diameter of a semi-finished product of each time, and the drawing speed is controlled at 5M/min. The step is to reduce the wall thickness and stabilize the dimensional tolerance of the product through the drawing with large deformation rate.
Step 9, drawing of finished products: drawing the pipe from phi 2.2 x 0.045 to phi 1 x 0.05mm by the following 3 times of idle drawing, wherein the deformation rate of each time is between 19 and 23 percent, the size of a drawing die is consistent with the outer diameter of a semi-finished product of each time, and the drawing speed is controlled at 5 to 10M/min.
The method comprises the following steps of processing the product, wherein the step also comprises a heat treatment process, particularly after each pass of processing, and aims to eliminate the work hardening of the product, and control the microstructure uniformity and good mechanical property of the product by using reasonable temperature and heat preservation time.
The heat treatment process is carried out in the existing heating furnace equipment, and is not described again;
wherein, the semi-finished product is required to be subjected to heat treatment after each cold processing, wherein the intermediate treatment temperature is 1040 +/-10 ℃, and the tape-moving speed is 20-25m/min;
selecting the temperature of solution treatment before the finished product at 990 +/-10 ℃ and the tape-moving speed of 22-25min; and obtaining a finished product after the last empty drawing.
After the steps are completed, a finished high-temperature alloy capillary tube product can be prepared, and the properties of the finished product are as follows:
mechanical properties: the tensile strength is 1357MPa, and the yield strength is 1246MPa;
organization: the grain size is 6.0 grade, and the primary carbide is 1.0 grade;
dimensional tolerance: an outer diameter of 1.0mm, a tolerance of +0.01/-0.01mm; wall thickness 0.05mm, tolerance +0.007/-0.004mm; length 945mm, length tolerance: +4/-1mm;
internal quality: the alloy pipe has no defects of looseness, bubbles, holes, cracks, layering and the like;
airtightness: and (3) filling clean helium gas with the pressure of 0.5MPa (gauge pressure), immersing the alloy pipe into a water tank for 5min, and checking whether the surface has no air leakage.
Water pressure resistance of the inner wall: the alloy pipe is kept for 5min under the pressure of 10MPa, and the leakage phenomenon and permanent deformation are not generated at other parts of the alloy pipe joint.
Example 3:
step 1, selecting materials
Selecting a high-temperature alloy bar billet with the diameter of 40mm as a processing raw material, wherein the grain size is as follows: grade 7, no shrinkage cavity, shrinkage cavity trace, void, crack, slag inclusion, pinhole and other defects are allowed on the surface, B-type primary carbide: 2.0.
the chemical components are as follows:
| element(s) | C | Si | Mn | P | S |
| Content (%) | 0.032 | 0.13 | 0.14 | 0.007 | 0.00063 |
| Element(s) | Ni | Cr | Ti | Mo | Al |
| Content (%) | 52.69 | 18.73 | 1.01 | 3.19 | 0.62 |
| Element(s) | Nb | B | Mg | Co | Cu |
| Content (%) | 5.32 | 0.0037 | 0.0002 | 0.12 | 0.06 |
| Element(s) | N | H | O | Fe | |
| Content (%) | 0.0086 | 0.00011 | 0.00092 | Surplus |
Step 2, perforation: the perforation method comprises the following specific steps: cutting the bar blank obtained in the step 1 into a fixed length of 210mm, and punching a centering hole on one side end face, wherein the size of the centering hole is phi 8.5mm, and the depth of the centering hole is 12mm, so as to obtain a pipe material with the specification of phi 40 x 6; this step may be a conventional one, and will not be described in detail.
It should be noted that, in order to ensure the perforation quality, the parameters of the perforating machine need to be reasonably configured as follows: for example: the roller spacing of the puncher is 30mm, the guide distance is 34mm, a molybdenum plug is adopted, the diameter phi of the plug is 28mm, and the position of the plug is 20mm; further, the perforator detailed parameters are shown in the following table:
and step 3, regulating the pipe specifications to be consistent.
φ40*6→φ36*5mm。
Step 4, grinding
The inner wall is processed by a deep hole boring machine twice, the sizes of cutters are phi 26.5 Mm and phi 27Mm, the rotating speed of a cutter head is 160r/min, the feeding speed is 0.1Mm/r, the inner surface and the outer surface of the ground pipe are clean and have no contusion, pits, overlapping and other defects influencing rolling, the roughness Ra is less than or equal to 0.5 mu m, and the ground pipe is phi 36 x 5 → phi 35 x 4mm.
And 5, rough rolling, wherein the purpose of the step is to ensure the microstructure uniformity of the product through large deformation rate cold processing and fine grain crushing. Specifically, the process uses a rolling mill to roll the repaired phi 35 x 4 pipe in the following 7 passes to obtain a phi 13.2 x 0.55mm semi-finished product.
Step 6, drawing in the middle: drawing the pipe from phi 13.2 x 0.55 to phi 6.8 x 0.7mm by using a drawbench through the following 4 times of empty drawing; the deformation rate of each pass is 7-19%, the size of the drawing die is consistent with the outer diameter of the semi-finished product of each pass, and the drawing speed is controlled at 10M/min. The step aims to ensure the surface quality of the inner wall and the outer wall of the pipe while increasing the wall thickness through cold processing with small deformation rate.
Step 7, finish rolling: the following 6 passes of finish rolling were performed using a finishing mill to roll the pipe from 6.8 x 0.7 to 3.5 x 0.1mm. The deformation rate of each pass is 30-40%, the size of the roller is consistent with the outer diameter of the semi-finished product of each pass, the size of the core rod is consistent with the inner diameter of the semi-finished product of each pass, the speed of the mandrel is controlled to be 50-60 times/min, and the feeding amount is controlled to be 1-1.5 mm. The purpose of this step is to ensure the surface quality of the rolled product by reducing the speed and feed rate of the vehicle.
Step 8, wall reduction and drawing: drawing for 3 times, namely drawing the pipe from phi 3.5 x 0.1 to phi 2.2 x 0.045mm, wherein the deformation rate of each time is between 28 and 37 percent, the size of a drawing die is consistent with the outer diameter of a semi-finished product of each time, and the drawing speed is controlled at 5M/min. The step reduces the wall thickness and stabilizes the dimensional tolerance of the product through large deformation rate drawing.
Step 9, drawing of finished products: the pipe is drawn from phi 2.2 x 0.045 to phi 1 x 0.05mm through the following 3 times of idle drawing, the deformation rate of each time is between 12% and 29%, the size of a drawing die is consistent with the outer diameter of a semi-finished product of each time, and the drawing speed is controlled to be between 5 and 10M/min.
The method comprises the following steps of processing the product, wherein the step also comprises a heat treatment process, particularly after each pass of processing, and aims to eliminate the work hardening of the product, and control the microstructure uniformity and good mechanical property of the product by using reasonable temperature and heat preservation time.
The heat treatment process is carried out in the existing heating furnace equipment, and is not described again;
wherein, the semi-finished product is required to be subjected to heat treatment after each cold processing, wherein the intermediate treatment temperature is 1040 +/-10 ℃, and the tape-moving speed is 20-25m/min;
selecting the temperature of solution treatment before the finished product at 990 +/-10 ℃ and the tape-moving speed of 22-25min; and obtaining a finished product after the last empty drawing.
After the steps are completed, a finished high-temperature alloy capillary tube product can be prepared, and the properties of the finished product are as follows:
mechanical properties: 1392MPa of tensile strength and 1263MPa of yield strength;
organization: the grain size is 6.0 grade, and the primary carbide is 1.0 grade;
dimensional tolerance: an outer diameter of 1.0mm, a tolerance of +0.01/-0.02mm; wall thickness 0.05mm, tolerance +0.002/-0.006mm; length 945mm, length tolerance: +1/-3mm;
internal mass: the alloy pipe has no defects of looseness, bubbles, holes, cracks, layering and the like;
airtightness: and (3) filling clean helium gas with the pressure of 0.5MPa (gauge pressure), immersing the alloy pipe into a water tank for 5min, and checking whether the surface has no air leakage.
Water pressure resistance of the inner wall: the alloy pipe is kept for 5min under the pressure of 10MPa, and the leakage phenomenon and permanent deformation are not generated at other parts of the alloy pipe joint.
Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes in the embodiments and/or modifications of the invention can be made, and equivalents and modifications of some features of the invention can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (9)
1. A high-temperature alloy capillary tube for a heat exchanger of an aerospace engine is characterized in that: the chemical composition of the high-temperature alloy capillary comprises the following components in percentage by mass: c is less than or equal to 0.08 percent; si is less than or equal to 0.35 percent; mn is less than or equal to 0.35 percent; p is less than or equal to 0.015 percent; s is less than or equal to 0.015 percent; cr is 17-21%; ni is 50-55%; ti is 0.65-1.15%; 0.2 to 0.8 percent of Al; cu is less than or equal to 0.3 percent; co is less than or equal to 1.0 percent; mg is less than or equal to 1.0 percent; mo is 2.8-3.3%; nb is 4.75-5.5%; n is less than or equal to 0.01 percent; h is less than or equal to 0.001 percent; o is less than or equal to 0.002 percent; b is less than or equal to 0.006 percent, and the balance of Fe and other inevitable impurities;
the finished superalloy capillary, wherein:
mechanical properties: the tensile strength is more than or equal to 1300MPa, and the yield strength is more than or equal to 1100MPa;
organizing: the grain size is more than or equal to 7.0 grade, and the B-class primary carbide is 2.0 grade;
dimensional tolerance: the outer diameter is 1.0mm, and the tolerance is +/-0.02 mm; the wall thickness is 0.05mm, and the tolerance is +/-0.01 mm; length 945mm, length tolerance: 5mm.
2. A process for producing a superalloy capillary for an aerospace engine heat exchanger as in claim 1, comprising the steps of:
s1, selecting materials: selecting a high-temperature alloy bar billet as a processing raw material, wherein the grain size is as follows: grade 7, shrinkage cavities, shrinkage cavity traces, cavities, cracks, slag inclusions and pinholes cannot be formed on the surface, and B-type primary carbides: 2.0 of the total weight of the mixture;
s2, perforation: cutting the straight bar blank into a fixed length, and then perforating to obtain a pipe with a certain specification;
s3, arranging: regulating the pipe specifications to be consistent;
s4, grinding: carrying out two processing on the inner wall of the pipe by using a deep hole boring machine;
s5, rough rolling: 7-pass rolling is carried out on the ground pipe, the elongation coefficient is controlled to be between 1.4 and 1.8, the deformation rate of each pass is between 25 percent and 40 percent, the size of a roller is consistent with the outer diameter of a semi-finished product of each pass, the size of a core rod is consistent with the inner diameter of the semi-finished product of each pass, the speed of the rolling mill is controlled to be between 60 and 70 times/min, and the feeding amount is controlled to be between 1.5 and 3mm;
s6, intermediate drawing: the step is hollow drawing, the empty drawing is carried out for 4 times, the deformation rate of each time is 5% -20%, the size of a drawing die is consistent with the outer diameter of a semi-finished product of each time, and the drawing speed is controlled at 10M/min;
s7, finish rolling: rolling for 6 passes, wherein the deformation rate of each pass is 30-40%, the size of a roller is consistent with the outer diameter of the semi-finished product of each pass, the size of a core rod is consistent with the inner diameter of the semi-finished product of each pass, the speed of the rolling is controlled between 50-60 times/min, and the feeding amount is controlled between 1-1.5 mm;
s8, wall reduction drawing: drawing for 3 passes, wherein the deformation rate of each pass is 25-40%, the size of a drawing die is consistent with the outer diameter of a semi-finished product of each pass, and the drawing speed is controlled at 5M/min;
s9, drawing of finished products: empty drawing 3 passes, wherein the deformation rate of each pass is 10-40%, the size of a drawing die is consistent with the outer diameter of a semi-finished product of each pass, and the drawing speed is controlled at 5-10M/min;
performing heat treatment after each cold processing, wherein the intermediate treatment temperature is 1040 +/-10 ℃, and the tape-moving speed is 20-25m/min;
selecting the temperature of solution treatment before the finished product at 990 +/-10 ℃ and the tape-moving speed of 22-25min; and obtaining a finished product after the last empty drawing.
3. The process for producing a superalloy capillary tube for an aerospace engine heat exchanger as claimed in claim 2, wherein the rough rolling step is divided into the following 7 passes:
a first pass: deformation rate: 29.84-36.32%; elongation coefficient: 1.43-1.57; reducing the diameter: 1-2.8mm; wall reduction: 3-4mm;
and (3) a second pass: deformation rate: 31.12 to 40.23 percent; elongation coefficient: 1.45-1.67; reducing the diameter: 3-4mm; wall reduction: 0.5-1mm;
and a third step: deformation rate: 30.30 to 32.21 percent; elongation coefficient: 1.43-1.48; reducing the diameter: 2-4mm; wall reduction: 0.3-0.6mm;
and a fourth pass: deformation rate: 38.30-38.70%; elongation coefficient: 1.51-1.63; reducing the diameter: 6-9mm; wall reduction: 0-0.3mm;
and a fifth pass: deformation rate: 28.74 to 34.81 percent; elongation coefficient: 1.40-1.53; reducing the diameter: 1-3mm; wall reduction: 0.1-0.4mm;
and a sixth pass: deformation rate: 30.94-35.13%; elongation coefficient: 1.45-1.54; reducing the diameter: 1-1.4mm; wall reduction: -0.2-0.3mm;
and (4) a seventh step: deformation rate: 28.49-36.52%; elongation coefficient: 1.40-1.58; reducing the diameter: 0.8-1.4mm; wall reduction: 0.15-0.25mm.
4. The process for producing the superalloy capillary tube for an aerospace engine heat exchanger as claimed in claim 2, wherein the intermediate drawing is a hollow drawing, divided into the following 4 passes,
the first time: deformation rate: 6.00-7.15%; the elongation coefficient is 1.06-1.08; reducing the diameter: 1.7-2.2; wall increasing amount: 0.05-0.07;
and (3) a second pass: deformation rate: 7.07-10.61%; the elongation coefficient is 1.08-1.12; reducing the diameter: 1.4-1.5; wall increasing amount: 0.03-0.05;
and (3) a third step: deformation rate: 8.72 to 12.50 percent; the elongation coefficient is 1.10-1.14; reducing the diameter: 1.2-1.5; wall increasing amount: 0.03-0.04;
and a fourth pass: deformation rate: 18.66-19.70%; the elongation coefficient is 1.23-1.25; reducing the diameter: 1.5-1.7; wall increasing amount: 0.01-0.02.
5. The process for producing the superalloy capillary tube for an aerospace engine heat exchanger of claim 2, wherein the finish rolling is performed in the following 6 passes:
the first time: deformation rate: 30.91-35.60%; the elongation coefficient is 1.45-1.55; reducing the diameter: 0.4-0.8; wall reduction: 0.2;
and (3) a second pass: deformation rate: 35.73-39.20%; the elongation coefficient is 1.56-1.64; reducing the diameter: 0.8 to 1.3; wall reduction: 0.12-0.15;
and (3) a third step: deformation rate: 36.17-38.54%; the elongation coefficient is 1.57-1.63; reducing the diameter: 0.6-0.7; wall reduction: 0.10-0.12;
and a fourth pass: deformation rate: 31.87-35.99%; the elongation coefficient is 1.47-1.56; reducing the diameter: 1.7-2.2; wall reduction: 0.06-0.08;
and a fifth pass: deformation rate: 29.37 to 31.15 percent; the elongation coefficient is 1.42-1.45; reducing the diameter: 0.3-0.4; wall reduction: 0.04-0.05;
and a sixth pass: deformation rate: 31.78-37.90%%; the elongation coefficient is 1.47-1.61; reducing the diameter: 0.2-0.3; wall reduction: 0.04-0.05.
6. The process for producing a superalloy capillary for an aerospace engine heat exchanger as in claim 2, wherein the wall reduction drawing is performed in 3 passes:
the first time: deformation rate: 28.94-33.65%; the elongation coefficient is 1.41-1.51; reducing the diameter: 0.4-0.6; wall reduction: 0.02;
and (3) second pass: deformation rate: 32.19 to 36.92 percent; the elongation coefficient is 1.47-1.59; reducing the diameter: 0.3-0.5; wall reduction: 0.02;
and (3) a third step: deformation rate: 33.42 to 38.78 percent; the elongation coefficient is 1.50-1.63; reducing the diameter: 0.3-0.5; wall reduction: 0.015.
7. the process for producing a superalloy capillary for an aerospace engine heat exchanger as in claim 2, wherein the final drawing is a blank drawing comprising 3 passes:
a first pass: deformation rate: 15.04-25.02%; the elongation coefficient is 1.18-1.33; reducing the diameter: 0.4-0.5; wall increasing amount: 0.001-0.005;
and (3) a second pass: deformation rate: 12.00 to 28.77 percent; the elongation coefficient is 1.14-1.40; reducing the diameter: 0.3-0.5; wall increasing amount: 0 to 0.002;
and a third step: deformation rate: 12.35 to 34.48 percent; the elongation coefficient is 1.14-1.53; reducing the diameter: 0.2-0.5; wall increasing amount: 0-0.003.
8. A heat exchanger of an aerospace engine is characterized in that: comprising the superalloy capillary of claim 1.
9. An aerospace engine, comprising: comprising the superalloy capillary of claim 1.
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| CN104109780A (en) * | 2013-04-19 | 2014-10-22 | 宝钢特钢有限公司 | Nickel-based high-temperature alloy and manufacturing method thereof |
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| CN112404163A (en) * | 2020-11-04 | 2021-02-26 | 太原科技大学 | Preparation method of high-performance difficult-deformation metal precision seamless pipe |
| CN113061783A (en) * | 2021-03-23 | 2021-07-02 | 江苏图南合金股份有限公司 | High-temperature alloy seamless special pipe and production method thereof |
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| CN104109780A (en) * | 2013-04-19 | 2014-10-22 | 宝钢特钢有限公司 | Nickel-based high-temperature alloy and manufacturing method thereof |
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