CN115651291A - In-situ growth multicolor fluorescent carbon dot resin material and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides an in-situ growth multicolor fluorescent carbon dot resin material, which is obtained by the in-situ growth of matrix resin and a carbon dot precursor in an extrusion mode. The carbon dot material provided by the invention has the advantages of rich and simple raw materials, simple and convenient synthesis process, no toxicity, environmental protection and high stability. The preparation process is simple, only the carbon point precursor and the resin are needed to be put into the preparation process, the product is obtained by controlling the extrusion temperature and time, the purification is not needed, and the preparation method is suitable for large-scale production.

Description

A kind of in-situ growth multicolor fluorescent carbon dot resin material and its preparation method and application

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of luminescent materials, and in particular relates to an in-situ growth multicolor fluorescent carbon dot resin material and its preparation method and application.

Background technique

Solar radiation is an indispensable energy source for plants to carry out photosynthesis, and sunlight is mainly composed of ultraviolet light, visible light and infrared light. Among them, the blue light with a wavelength range of 400-500nm can be strongly absorbed by carotenoids and chlorophyll to promote the growth of plant stems and leaves, and can increase the yield of crops; although the yellow light with a wavelength of 540-600nm has little effect on plant photosynthesis, it has a large Partly reflected by plant leaves, but can promote the color of plants, which is beneficial to improve the value of ornamental plants in nurseries. The lower ultraviolet light is not conducive to photosynthesis and inhibits plant growth and maturity. Light-converting materials are materials that can convert ultraviolet light in sunlight that is harmful to plant photosynthesis into light needed for photosynthesis.

Carbon dots (CDs) usually refer to nanomaterials with a size smaller than 10 nm, mainly composed of sp ² carbon core sp ³ carbon, and possess fluorescent properties. And it is highly valued by people for its excellent performance. In general, CDs have several advantages, including resistance to photobleaching, fluorescence tunability, ease of preparation, and good biocompatibility, which make them ideal for ion detection, bioimaging, and optical devices. play an increasing role.

At present, most of the carbon dot composite materials reported in the patents are made by reacting the precursor first and then purifying to obtain the carbon dots, and then combining the carbon dots with the polymer, which does not have the conditions for large-scale production. As described in the application number CN111662524A "a red fluorescent carbon dot light conversion film and its preparation method and application", in which the researcher purified the red light carbon dots synthesized and then added them to the polyvinyl alcohol solution to form a film. The process is complicated; as described in the application number CN106590640A "the application of carbon dots as agricultural light conversion materials in agricultural production light conversion", the researchers synthesized carbon dots by solvothermal method, hydrothermal method and tube furnace calcination method The solution is further purified to obtain carbon dots, which are not combined with the matrix; as described in the application number CN107214983A "A Light Conversion Plastic Film and Its Preparation Method and Application", in which the researchers synthesize and purify the carbon dots by hydrothermal method. By spraying, a thin layer of carbon quantum dot solution is coated on the surface of ordinary plastic film substrates, and after natural drying, a light-converting plastic film modified by carbon quantum dots is obtained. The film thus obtained is simply attached to the plastic surface and does not Eligible for mass production.

Contents of the invention

In view of this, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an in-situ growth multicolor fluorescent carbon dot resin material and its preparation method and application. The fluorescent carbon dot resin material provided by the present invention has low raw material cost, simple process and no need for purification. , with conditions for mass production.

The invention provides an in-situ growth multicolor fluorescent carbon dot resin material. The multicolor fluorescent carbon dot resin material is grown in situ by extruding a matrix resin and a carbon dot precursor.

Preferably, the mass ratio of the matrix resin to the carbon dot precursor is 100:(0.33˜1).

Preferably, the matrix resin includes any one or more of low-density polyethylene, linear low-density polyethylene, high-density polyethylene, polypropylene, and polymethylmethacrylate.

Preferably, the carbon dot precursor is selected from one or more of blue fluorescent carbon dot precursors, yellow fluorescent carbon dot precursors and white fluorescent carbon dot precursors.

Preferably, the blue fluorescent carbon dot precursor includes any one or more of ammonium citrate, citric acid, and urea;

The yellow fluorescent carbon dot precursor includes any one or more of 1,4-dihydroxyanthraquinone, 1,8-dihydroxyanthraquinone, and boric acid;

The white fluorescent carbon dot precursor includes any one or more of ammonium citrate, citric acid, and boric acid.

Preferably, the multicolor fluorescent carbon dot resin material is a blue fluorescent resin material, a yellow fluorescent resin material or a white fluorescent resin material;

The carbon dots in the blue fluorescent resin material emit visible light with a peak wavelength in the range of 400-500 nm when excited at 330-380 nm;

The carbon dots in the yellow fluorescent resin material emit visible light with a peak wavelength in the range of 540-590 nm when excited at 330-380 nm.

The present invention also provides a method for preparing the above-mentioned multicolor fluorescent carbon dot resin material, comprising the following steps:

After the matrix resin and the carbon dot precursor are mixed, they are added to an extruder for reaction, and the multicolor fluorescent carbon dot resin material is obtained by in-situ growth.

Preferably, the extruder is selected from twin-screw extruders, the extrusion temperature is between 170°C and 200°C, and the reaction time is between 2 and 5 minutes.

The present invention also provides an application of the above-mentioned in-situ grown multicolor fluorescent carbon dot resin material in a photoluminescent white light LED, wherein the multicolor fluorescent carbon dot resin material is a white fluorescent resin material.

The present invention also provides an application of the above-mentioned in-situ grown multicolor fluorescent carbon dot resin material in a light conversion film, and the multicolor fluorescent carbon dot resin material is a blue fluorescent resin material.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides an in-situ growth multicolor fluorescent carbon dot resin material, in which the multicolor fluorescent carbon dot resin material is grown in situ by extruding a matrix resin and a carbon dot precursor. The carbon dot material provided by the invention has rich and simple raw materials, simple and convenient synthesis process, non-toxic and environment-friendly, and high stability. The preparation process of the present invention is simple, only needs to put in the carbon dot precursor and resin, and the product is obtained by controlling the extrusion temperature and time, without purification, and is suitable for large-scale production.

Description of drawings

1 is a transmission electron microscope image of the in-situ grown blue fluorescent carbon dot resin material prepared in Example 1.

Fig. 2 is the FT-IR spectrogram of embodiment 1, wherein, (a) is the FT-IR spectrogram of prepared blue fluorescent carbon dot, and Fig. 2 (b) is low density polyethylene and blue fluorescent carbon dot resin FT-IR spectra of materials.

3 is an XRD image of the blue fluorescent carbon dots prepared in Example 1.

Fig. 4 is the X-ray photoelectron energy spectrogram of the blue fluorescent carbon dot prepared in embodiment 1, wherein (a) is the XPS general spectrum diagram of carbon dot, (b) is the C1s collection of illustrative plates of carbon dot, (c) is carbon dot The N1s spectrum of (d) is the O1s spectrum of carbon dots.

Fig. 5 is the ultraviolet absorption diagram of the in-situ growth blue fluorescent carbon dot resin material prepared in Example 1 and the emission spectrum diagram under different excitations, wherein Fig. 5 (a) is the in-situ growth blue fluorescence prepared in Example 1 The ultraviolet absorption diagram of the carbon dot resin material, FIG. 5( b ) is the emission spectrum diagram of the in-situ grown blue fluorescent carbon dot resin material prepared in Example 1 under different excitations.

FIG. 6 is a transmission electron microscope image of the in-situ grown white fluorescent carbon dot resin material prepared in Example 6. FIG.

Figure 7 is the FT-IR spectrum, X-ray photoelectron energy spectrum and XRD image of the white fluorescent carbon dots, wherein Figure 7 (a) is the FT-IR spectrum of the prepared white fluorescent carbon dots, Figure 7 (b-e) For the X-ray photoelectron energy spectrum figure of the white fluorescent carbon dot prepared in embodiment 6, wherein (b) is the XPS general spectrum figure of carbon dot, (c) is the C1s collection of illustrative plates of carbon dot, (d) is the B1s collection of illustrative plates of carbon dot , (e) is the O1s spectrum of carbon dots, and Figure 7(f) is the XRD image of carbon dots prepared in Example 6.

Fig. 8 is the ultraviolet absorption, excitation, emission spectrogram of the aqueous solution of carbon dot prepared in embodiment 6 and the emission spectrogram under different excitations, wherein, Fig. 8 (a) is the ultraviolet ray of the aqueous solution of carbon dot prepared in embodiment 6 Absorption, excitation and emission spectra, Figure 8(b) is the emission spectra of the aqueous solution of carbon dots prepared in Example 6 under different excitations.

Fig. 9 is an emission spectrum diagram and a CIE coordinate diagram of the white LED prepared in Example 6, wherein Figure (a) is an emission spectrum diagram of the white LED prepared in Example 6, and Fig. 9 (b) is a CIE coordinate diagram.

Fig. 10 is a photo of the in-situ grown blue fluorescent carbon dot resin and white fluorescent carbon dot resin and low-density polyethylene prepared in Example 1 and Example 6 after 365nm light irradiation.

Detailed ways

The invention provides an in-situ growth multicolor fluorescent carbon dot resin material. The multicolor fluorescent carbon dot resin material is grown in situ by extruding a matrix resin and a carbon dot precursor.

Wherein, the mass ratio of the matrix resin to the carbon dot precursor is 100:(0.33～1), preferably 100:0.33, 100:0.35, 100:0.4, 100:0.5, 100:0.6, 100:0.7, 100 :0.8, 100:0.9, 100:1.0, or 100: any value between (0.33～1).

In the present invention, the matrix resin includes any one or more of low-density polyethylene, linear low-density polyethylene, high-density polyethylene, polypropylene, and polymethylmethacrylate.

The carbon dot precursor is selected from one or more of blue fluorescent carbon dot precursors, yellow fluorescent carbon dot precursors and white fluorescent carbon dot precursors.

The blue fluorescent carbon dot precursor includes any one or more of ammonium citrate, citric acid, and urea;

The yellow fluorescent carbon dot precursor includes any one or more of 1,4-dihydroxyanthraquinone, 1,8-dihydroxyanthraquinone, and boric acid;

The white fluorescent carbon dot precursor includes any one or more of ammonium citrate, citric acid, and boric acid.

The multicolor fluorescent carbon dot resin material is a blue fluorescent resin material, a yellow fluorescent resin material or a white fluorescent resin material;

The carbon dots in the blue fluorescent resin material emit visible light with a peak wavelength in the range of 400-500 nm when excited at 330-380 nm;

The carbon dots in the yellow fluorescent resin material emit visible light with a peak wavelength in the range of 540-590 nm when excited at 330-380 nm.

The present invention also provides a method for preparing a multicolor fluorescent carbon dot resin material, comprising the following steps:

After the matrix resin and the carbon dot precursor are mixed, they are added to an extruder for reaction, and the multicolor fluorescent carbon dot resin material is obtained by in-situ growth.

In the present invention, the extruder is selected from twin-screw extruders, and the extrusion temperature is between 170°C and 200°C, preferably 170, 180, 190, 200, or between 170°C and 200°C Any value of , the reaction time is between 2 and 5 minutes, preferably 2, 3, 4, 5, or any value between 2 and 5 minutes.

In the present invention, the carbon dot precursor reacts in situ in the extruder to generate fluorescent carbon dots in the resin.

The present invention also provides an application of the above-mentioned in-situ grown multicolor fluorescent carbon dot resin material in a photoluminescent white light LED, wherein the multicolor fluorescent carbon dot resin material is a white fluorescent resin material.

The present invention also provides an application of the above-mentioned in-situ grown multicolor fluorescent carbon dot resin material in a light conversion film, wherein the multicolor fluorescent carbon dot resin material is a blue fluorescent resin material, and the fluorescent resin passes through a twin-screw It is directly extruded by an extruder, and the obtained finished product can be used as a light conversion film masterbatch, and the masterbatch can be blown into a light conversion film by a blown film machine.

The carbon dot material provided by the invention has rich and simple raw materials, simple and convenient synthesis process, non-toxic and environment-friendly, and high stability. The preparation process of the present invention is simple, only needs to put in the carbon dot precursor and resin, and the product is obtained by controlling the extrusion temperature and time, without purification, and is suitable for large-scale production.

In order to further understand the present invention, an in-situ growth multicolor fluorescent carbon dot resin material provided by the present invention and its preparation method and application will be described below in conjunction with examples. The scope of protection of the present invention is not limited by the following examples.

Example 1:

The preparation method of the blue fluorescent carbon dot material: Weigh 20mg of ammonium citrate, then weigh 3g of low-density polyethylene (LDPE), then mix it in a beaker, adjust the temperature of the twin-screw extruder to 175°C, and rotate at Adjust to 44r/min, pour the mixed material into a twin-screw extruder for extrusion, and discharge the material after the extruder self-circulation reaction for 3 minutes.

Preparation method of blue fluorescent carbon dots: In order to further characterize the carbon dots in the blue fluorescent carbon dot material extruded in situ, keep the temperature of the twin-screw extruder at 175°C, and only weigh 20 mg of ammonium citrate into the extruder After reacting for 3 minutes, the obtained substance was dissolved in ultrapure water, then filtered through a 0.22 μm filter membrane to remove large particles, and then dialyzed through a 500 Da dialysis membrane for 24 hours, and finally the dialyzed solution was freeze-dried to obtain carbon dot powder for future use.

Figure 1 is a transmission electron microscope image of in-situ grown blue fluorescent carbon dot resin material. It can be seen from the figure that carbon dots of uniform size are evenly dispersed in low-density polyethylene (LDPE). The upper right corner is a high-magnification transmission electron microscope image, which can be It can be seen that the lattice spacing of the carbon dots is 0.21 nm, which corresponds to the (001) crystal plane of graphitic carbon.

Figure 2(a) is the FT-IR spectrum of the blue fluorescent carbon dots prepared in Example 1. The absorption peaks of the carbon dots at 3431cm ^-1 and 3233cm ^-1 are the stretching vibration peaks of -OH and NH respectively, indicating that the CDs surface Containing -OH/-NH, the strong absorption peaks at 1711cm ^-1 and 1597cm ^-1 are the absorption vibration peaks of C=O and C=N double bonds respectively, and the absorption peaks at 1409, 1360 and 1187cm ^-1 are COO-, The stretching vibration peaks of CN, CO bonds. In Figure 2(b) there are two extra peaks at 3200cm ^-1 ~ 3400cm ^-1 which are stretching vibration peaks of NH, and two extra peaks at 1660cm ^-1 and 1625cm ^-1 are C=O and C= The absorption vibration peak of the N double bond indicates that the carbon dots are generated and uniformly distributed in the low-density polyethylene during the in-situ extrusion process.

Fig. 3 is the XRD image of the blue fluorescent carbon dot prepared in embodiment 1, as can be seen from the figure, there is a broad peak at 27°, corresponding to the (002) crystal plane of graphite, and the interplanar spacing is calculated according to the Bragg equation 0.33nm.

Fig. 4 is an X-ray photoelectron spectrum diagram of the blue fluorescent carbon dots prepared in Example 1, and the element contents of C, N, and O in the carbon dots are 60%, 12%, and 28%, respectively. From the C1s spectrum of carbon dots, four peaks can be separated, representing C=C/CC (284.7eV), CO/C=N (286.5eV), CN (288.1eV), C=O (289.3eV) ). Three peaks can be separated from the N1s spectrum of carbon dots, representing C-NH-C (399.1eV), C=N/-NH ₂ (399.8eV), and graphitized N (401.2eV). From the O1s spectrum of carbon dots, three peaks can be separated, representing C=O (531.2eV), -OH (531.9eV), and COC/C-OH (533.1eV). These results are consistent with the FT-IR spectrum Figure analysis is consistent.

Fig. 5(a) is the ultraviolet-visible absorption spectrum of the in-situ grown blue fluorescent carbon dot resin material prepared in Example 1. It can be seen that the in-situ grown carbon dot material has two obvious absorption peaks. There is an obvious absorption peak at 287nm, which is the result of the π→π* transition of sp ² carbon, and an absorption peak at 363nm, which is the result of the n→π* transition of C=O. Fig. 5(b) is the emission spectrum of the in-situ grown blue fluorescent carbon dot resin material prepared in Example 1 under different excitations. It can be seen from the figure that the best emission peak of the sample is at 436nm, and with the increase of the excitation wavelength, the emission intensity of the sample increases first and then decreases but the peak position remains basically unchanged. The fluorescence is a typical non-excitation wavelength dependent type. .

Example 2:

Blending of plastics: Weigh 6g of low-density polyethylene (LDPE) and 3g of linear low-density polyethylene (LLDPE), then mix them in a beaker, adjust the temperature of the twin-screw extruder to 180°C, and the speed to 44r/min , Pour the mixed material into a twin-screw extruder for extrusion, and discharge the material after the extruder circulates for 1 minute to obtain a blended material with a blending ratio of 2:1.

The preparation method of the blue fluorescent carbon dot material: Weigh 20mg of ammonium citrate and 5mg of urea, then weigh 3g of the blend, then mix it in a beaker, adjust the temperature of the twin-screw extruder to 185°C, adjust the speed To 44r/min, the mixed material is poured into a twin-screw extruder for extrusion, and the material is discharged after the extruder self-circulation reaction for 4 minutes.

Example 3:

Preparation method of blue fluorescent carbon dot resin material: Weigh 20mg citric acid and 10mg urea, then weigh 3g polypropylene, then mix them in a beaker, adjust the temperature of the twin-screw extruder to 185°C, and adjust the speed to 44r/min, pour the mixed material into the twin-screw extruder for extrusion, and discharge the material after the extruder self-circulation reaction for 4 minutes.

Example 4:

Blending of plastics: Weigh 6g of low-density polyethylene (LDPE) and 2g of high-density polyethylene (HDPE), then mix them in a beaker, adjust the temperature of the twin-screw extruder to 180°C, and adjust the speed to 44r/min. Pour the mixed material into a twin-screw extruder for extrusion, and discharge the material after the extruder circulates for 2 minutes to obtain a blended material with a blending ratio of 3:1.

The preparation method of the blue fluorescent carbon dot resin material: Weigh 20mg of ammonium citrate, then weigh 3g of the blend, then mix it in a beaker, adjust the temperature of the twin-screw extruder to 175°C, and the speed to 44r /min, pour the mixed material into the twin-screw extruder for extrusion, and discharge the material after the extruder self-circulation reaction for 3 minutes.

Example 5:

The preparation method of the blue fluorescent carbon dot resin material: Weigh 20mg of ammonium citrate, then weigh 3g of polymethyl methacrylate, and then mix them in a beaker, adjust the temperature of the twin-screw extruder to 200°C, and the speed Adjust to 44r/min, pour the mixed material into a twin-screw extruder for extrusion, and discharge the material after the extruder self-circulation reaction for 3 minutes.

Embodiment 6:

The preparation method of the white fluorescent carbon dot material: Weigh 25mg of citric acid and 30mg of boric acid, then weigh 3g of low-density polyethylene (LDPE), then mix them in a beaker, adjust the temperature of the twin-screw extruder to 180°C, Adjust the rotation speed to 44r/min, pour the mixed material into a twin-screw extruder for extrusion, and discharge the material after the extruder self-circulates for 3 minutes.

The preparation method of carbon dots: In order to further characterize the carbon dots in the white fluorescent carbon dot material extruded in situ, keep the temperature of the twin-screw extruder at 180°C, and only weigh 25mg of citric acid and 30mg into the extruder to react for 3min Finally, the carbon dot powder is obtained for subsequent use.

Preparation of photoluminescent LED: The white fluorescent carbon dot resin obtained by in-situ extrusion is hot-pressed into a film, and then attached to a 365nm ultraviolet light-emitting chip to obtain a white light LED.

Figure 6 is a transmission electron microscope image of the in-situ grown white fluorescent carbon dot resin material prepared in Example 6. It can be seen from the figure that the carbon dots of uniform size are evenly dispersed in low-density polyethylene (LDPE), and the upper right corner is a high-magnification transmission electron microscope. From the electron microscope pictures, it can be seen that the lattice spacing of the carbon dots is 0.21nm, corresponding to the (001) crystal plane of graphitic carbon.

Figure 7(a) is the FT-IR spectrum of the fluorescent carbon dots prepared in Example 6. The obvious absorption band at 3226cm ^-1 belongs to the stretching vibration of -OH, at 1628cm ^-1 , 1429cm ^-1 and 1190cm ^-1 The absorption bands of correspond to the stretching vibrations of C=O, BO and BOC, respectively. Figure 7(be) shows that the contents of O, C, and B elements are 39%, 33%, and 28%, respectively, and three peaks can be separated from the C1s spectrum of carbon dots, representing C=C/CC, CO, and C=O. Three peaks can be separated from the B1s spectrum of carbon dots, representing B ₂ O ₃ , BCO ₂ , and BO. Two peaks can be separated from the O1s spectrum of carbon dots, representing C=O and CO respectively. These results are consistent with the analysis of the FT-IR spectrum.

The carbon dots in Figure 7(f) have typical _B2O3 peaks at 14.6°, 28.0°, 28.6°, and _40.3 °.

Figure 8(a) is the ultraviolet absorption, excitation and emission spectrum of the aqueous solution of carbon dots prepared in Example 6, and Figure 8(b) is the emission spectrum of the aqueous solution of carbon dots prepared in Example 6 under different excitations. The fluorescence spectrum of its carbon dot aqueous solution exhibits excitation wavelength-dependent characteristics, and has the strongest emission at 465 nm under excitation at 375 nm.

Figure 9(a) is the emission spectrum diagram of the white LED prepared in Example 6, and Figure 9(b) is the CIE coordinate diagram, the CIE coordinates of the obtained white light are (0.33, 0.33), and the CRI is 80.

Embodiment 7:

The preparation method of the white fluorescent carbon dot material: Weigh 20mg of ammonium citrate and 30mg of boric acid, then weigh 3g of polypropylene, then mix them in a beaker, adjust the temperature of the twin-screw extruder to 185°C, and adjust the speed to 44r /min, pour the mixed material into the twin-screw extruder for extrusion, and discharge the material after the extruder self-circulation reaction for 3 minutes.

Embodiment 8:

Preparation method of yellow fluorescent carbon dot resin material: Weigh 20mg 1,4-dihydroxyanthraquinone and 20mg 1,8-dihydroxyanthraquinone respectively, then weigh 3g low-density polyethylene, and then mix them in a beaker, Adjust the temperature of the twin-screw extruder to 185°C, adjust the speed to 44r/min, pour the mixed material into the twin-screw extruder for extrusion, and discharge the material after the extruder self-circulates for 5 minutes.

Embodiment 9:

Preparation method of yellow fluorescent carbon dot resin material: Weigh 20mg 1,4-dihydroxyanthraquinone and 20mg 1,8-dihydroxyanthraquinone respectively, then weigh 3g polypropylene, then mix them in a beaker, and mix the two The temperature of the screw extruder was adjusted to 185°C, and the speed was adjusted to 44r/min. The mixed material was poured into the twin-screw extruder for extrusion. After the extruder self-circulated for 5 minutes, the material was discharged.

Example 10:

The preparation method of the yellow fluorescent carbon dot resin material: Weigh 20mg 1,4-dihydroxyanthraquinone and 20mg boric acid respectively, then weigh 3g low-density polyethylene, then mix them in a beaker, and set the temperature of the twin-screw extruder to Adjust the temperature to 185°C, adjust the speed to 44r/min, pour the mixed material into a twin-screw extruder for extrusion, and discharge the material after the extruder self-circulates for 5 minutes.

The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be pointed out that for those of ordinary skill in the art, some improvements and modifications can also be made without departing from the principles of the present invention. It should be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. An in-situ growth multicolor fluorescent carbon dot resin material is characterized in that the multicolor fluorescent carbon dot resin material is grown in situ by matrix resin and carbon dot precursors through extrusion. 2 . The multicolor fluorescent carbon dot resin material according to claim 1 , wherein the mass ratio of the matrix resin to the carbon dot precursor is 100:(0.33˜1). 3. multicolor fluorescent carbon dot resin material according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described matrix resin comprises low-density polyethylene, linear low-density polyethylene, high-density polyethylene, polypropylene, polymethacrylate Any one or more of esters. 4. multicolor fluorescent carbon dot resin material according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described carbon dot precursor is selected from blue fluorescent carbon dot precursor, yellow fluorescent carbon dot precursor and white fluorescent carbon dot precursor one or more of. 5. multicolor fluorescent carbon dot resin material according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described blue fluorescent carbon dot precursor comprises any one or more in ammonium citrate, citric acid, urea; The yellow fluorescent carbon dot precursor includes any one or more of 1,4-dihydroxyanthraquinone, 1,8-dihydroxyanthraquinone, and boric acid; The white fluorescent carbon dot precursor includes any one or more of ammonium citrate, citric acid, and boric acid. 6. The multicolor fluorescent carbon dot resin material according to claim 1, wherein the multicolor fluorescent carbon dot resin material is a blue fluorescent resin material, a yellow fluorescent resin material or a white fluorescent resin material; The carbon dots in the blue fluorescent resin material emit visible light with a peak wavelength in the range of 400-500 nm when excited at 330-380 nm; The carbon dots in the yellow fluorescent resin material emit visible light with a peak wavelength in the range of 540-590 nm when excited at 330-380 nm. 7. A preparation method of the multicolor fluorescent carbon dot resin material as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that it comprises the following steps: After the matrix resin and the carbon dot precursor are mixed, they are added to an extruder for reaction, and the multicolor fluorescent carbon dot resin material is obtained by in-situ growth. 8. The preparation method according to claim 7, wherein the extruder is selected from twin-screw extruders, the extrusion temperature is between 170°C and 200°C, and the reaction time is between 2 and 5 minutes. between. 9. An application of the in-situ grown multicolor fluorescent carbon dot resin material in photoluminescent white light LEDs as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the multicolor fluorescent carbon dot resin material is white Fluorescent resin material. 10. An application of an in-situ grown multicolor fluorescent carbon dot resin material in a light conversion film as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the multicolor fluorescent carbon dot resin material is blue Fluorescent resin material.

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