CN115651104A - Heavy metal stabilizer and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Heavy metal stabilizer and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN115651104A CN115651104A CN202211335175.9A CN202211335175A CN115651104A CN 115651104 A CN115651104 A CN 115651104A CN 202211335175 A CN202211335175 A CN 202211335175A CN 115651104 A CN115651104 A CN 115651104A
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- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 97
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 10
- 229920000877 Melamine resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- JDSHMPZPIAZGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N melamine Chemical compound NC1=NC(N)=NC(N)=N1 JDSHMPZPIAZGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 229920002401 polyacrylamide Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000000379 polymerizing effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000011133 lead Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 15
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 abstract description 14
- 239000010815 organic waste Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 29
- 101000608154 Homo sapiens Peroxiredoxin-like 2A Proteins 0.000 description 13
- 102100039896 Peroxiredoxin-like 2A Human genes 0.000 description 13
- 229920001661 Chitosan Polymers 0.000 description 12
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 9
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 7
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- 238000009841 combustion method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 5
- SXRSQZLOMIGNAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glutaraldehyde Chemical compound O=CCCCC=O SXRSQZLOMIGNAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000003463 adsorbent Substances 0.000 description 4
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 4
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 description 4
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000006228 supernatant Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004131 Bayer process Methods 0.000 description 3
- JPVYNHNXODAKFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cu2+ Chemical compound [Cu+2] JPVYNHNXODAKFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- VEQPNABPJHWNSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel(2+) Chemical compound [Ni+2] VEQPNABPJHWNSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910001570 bauxite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910001431 copper ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 description 3
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910001453 nickel ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 3
- -1 salt ions Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000001735 carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 125000003010 ionic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000002915 carbonyl group Chemical group [*:2]C([*:1])=O 0.000 description 1
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 150000007942 carboxylates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013522 chelant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001311 chemical methods and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010828 elution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011790 ferrous sulphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000003891 ferrous sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003864 humus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011147 inorganic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L iron(2+) sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Fe+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910000359 iron(II) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007040 multi-step synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
Abstract
The invention discloses a heavy metal stabilizer and a preparation method and application thereof. A heavy metal stabilizer comprises a polymer obtained by polymerizing melamine and polyacrylamide. The heavy metal stabilizer provided by the invention has a good heavy metal adsorption stabilizing effect, is particularly suitable for stably removing heavy metals in red mud, has a certain adsorption effect on organic wastes in the red mud, is stable in adsorption effect, and is not easy to return organic wastes into the red mud again.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of heavy metal stabilizer materials, in particular to a heavy metal stabilizer and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
Red mud is a solid waste produced in the industrial production process of alumina. Due to differences in production processes and technology levels, about 0.8-1.5 tons of red mud are produced per ton of alumina produced. After industrial alkali reduction, a large amount of heavy metal ions still exist, and due to large discharge amount, the heavy metal ions in the red mud can enter the soil and destroy the physical and chemical properties of the soil because the red mud is difficult to degrade and easy to accumulate, and particularly, the heavy metal in the surface soil can easily enter the human body, so that the human body health is directly threatened, and the sustainable development of the alumina industry is hindered. The concentration of heavy metal ions in the red mud is reduced, the red mud can be safely stockpiled, the environmental pollution is reduced, the harmlessness to human bodies is realized, and the red mud has wide application prospect. The existing method for stabilizing heavy metal ions by red mud comprises the following steps: the solidification/stabilization method takes inorganic materials such as cement, lime, fly ash, ferrous sulfate and the like as additives, mainly aims at free heavy metal ions in red mud slurry, can not stabilize the heavy metal ions absorbed and combined by the red mud, and can also improve the alkaline environment of the red mud after alkali reduction.
In the prior art, a macromolecular heavy metal adsorbent (GMCS) formed by crosslinking chitosan and melamine through glutaraldehyde is adopted to chelate amino functional groups and heavy metal ions, so that the content of the heavy metal ions is reduced, but the following defects exist: when the modified chitosan is formed, the chitosan and the melamine consume the originally existing amino functional groups in the chitosan through glutaraldehyde crosslinking, so that the adsorption capacity of the chitosan on heavy metal ions is reduced; the raw material cost is high, the process is complex, multi-step synthesis is needed, and the synthesis time is long; GMCS high molecular monomer has large steric hindrance, and heavy metal ions are difficult to enter a high molecular system. Therefore, the adsorption of heavy metal ions by the adsorbent is only remained on the surface, so that the adsorption value of the adsorbent for heavy metal ions is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the problem that the effect of the existing heavy metal stabilizer for stabilizing the red mud heavy metal is not ideal, the invention aims to provide a heavy metal stabilizer, aims to provide a preparation method of the heavy metal stabilizer, aims to provide an application of the heavy metal stabilizer and aims to provide a method for stabilizing the red mud heavy metal.
In a first aspect, the present invention provides a heavy metal stabilizer (PAMM) comprising a polymer obtained by polymerizing melamine and polyacrylamide.
N and O in amino and hydroxyl in the heavy metal stabilizer are strong in electronegativity and easy to absorb electrons to provide lone pair electrons, and heavy metal ions provide an empty track, so that the heavy metal stabilizer is easy to form a strong coordination effect with the heavy metal ions, and the heavy metal ions absorbed by the red mud and the free heavy metal ions are converted into stable chelates.
The red mud has high salt content and high mineral content. The cationic group of the polyacrylamide is more than the anionic group, the positive and negative ionic groups form the association effect of hydrogen bonds in molecules or between molecules (which causes the solubility of the polymer in water to be reduced), meanwhile, the salt ions in the system shield the positive and negative charges, and the association between the positive and negative ions is broken to destroy the formed salt bonds (which causes the solubility of the polymer in water to be increased), and the two effects compete with each other, so that the viscosity of the polymer solution is kept to be smaller under higher salt concentration (> 0.06 mol/L), therefore, the stabilizer has large mobility under the red mud environment, and can stabilize heavy metal ions in all directions and at multiple angles.
Meanwhile, the heavy metal stabilizer is more suitable for red mud treated by a carbonization method (red mud alkali reduction treatment), the red mud shows alkalescence after alkali reduction treatment, and the polyacrylamide after partial hydrolysis enables a molecular chain of which the main chain is originally curled to be unfolded and elongated, so that the adsorption area is increased.
Preferably, in the heavy metal stabilizer, the mass ratio of melamine to polyacrylamide is 1: (1.0-1.6); further preferably, the mass ratio of melamine to polyacrylamide is 1: (1.1-1.5); still further preferably, the mass ratio of melamine to polyacrylamide is 1: (1.2-1.4).
The second aspect of the present invention provides a method for preparing the above heavy metal stabilizer, comprising the steps of: dissolving melamine in acetic acid solution, adding polyacrylamide, stirring, and reacting to obtain the heavy metal stabilizer.
Preferably, in the preparation method of the heavy metal stabilizer, the mass concentration of the acetic acid solution is 1-4%; further preferably, the mass concentration of the acetic acid solution is 1-3%; still more preferably, the mass concentration of the acetic acid solution is 1.5 to 2.5%.
Preferably, in the preparation method of the heavy metal stabilizer, the mass volume ratio of melamine to acetic acid solution is (6-15) g:1L; further preferably, the mass volume ratio of the melamine to the acetic acid solution is (8-14) g:1L; still further preferably, the mass volume ratio of the melamine to the acetic acid solution is (10-12) g:1L of the compound.
Preferably, in the preparation method of the heavy metal stabilizer, the reaction temperature is 70-90 ℃; further preferably, the reaction temperature is 75-85 ℃; in some embodiments of the invention, the temperature of the reaction is 80 ℃.
Preferably, in the preparation method of the heavy metal stabilizer, the reaction time is 5-7h; further preferably, the reaction time is 5.5-6.5h; still more preferably, the reaction time is 6 hours.
The third aspect of the invention provides the application of the heavy metal stabilizer in the stabilization and/or removal of the red mud heavy metal.
The fourth aspect of the invention provides a method for removing heavy metals from red mud, which comprises the following steps: mixing the heavy metal stabilizer and the red mud slurry, and stirring.
Preferably, in the red mud heavy metal removal method, the red mud in the red mud slurry contains at least one of heavy metals of copper, lead and nickel.
Preferably, in the method for removing the heavy metals from the red mud, the pH value of the red mud is 7.0-11.0; further preferably, the pH of the red mud slurry is 7.0-10.0; still more preferably, the pH of the red mud slurry is 7.0-9.0; more preferably, the pH of the red mud slurry is 7.0 to 8.0; the heavy metal stabilizer is particularly suitable for the red mud after alkali reduction.
Preferably, in the method for removing the heavy metals from the red mud, the solid content of the red mud slurry is 550-650g/L.
Preferably, in the red mud heavy metal removal method, the red mud slurry is Bayer process red mud slurry.
Preferably, in the method for removing the heavy metal in the red mud, the stirring time is 10-30min; further preferably, the stirring time is 10 to 20min.
Preferably, in the method for removing the heavy metal from the red mud, the mass ratio of the red mud slurry to the heavy metal stabilizer is (5-15): 1; further preferably, the mass ratio of the red mud slurry to the heavy metal stabilizer is (8-13): 1.
the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the heavy metal stabilizer provided by the invention has a good heavy metal adsorption stabilizing effect, is particularly suitable for stably removing heavy metals in red mud, has a certain adsorption effect on organic wastes in the red mud, is stable in adsorption effect, and is not easy to return organic wastes into the red mud again. Specifically, the method comprises the following steps:
1. the heavy metal stabilizer breaks the adsorption effect of the red mud on heavy metal ions through strong coordination under the condition of not changing the pH environment of the red mud after alkali reduction, so that the heavy metal ions in the red mud are basically and completely stabilized.
2. The cationic groups of the polyacrylamide are more than the anionic groups, and the association of hydrogen bonds in molecules or between molecules is formed through the positive and negative ionic groups (the solubility of the polymer in water is reduced). The red mud has high salt content and high mineral content. When red mud slurry is used for dissolving heavy metal stabilizer high Polymer (PAMM), salt ions are diffused into gel molecules due to the diffusion effect of solvent molecules, and the ions are combined with side groups on the high polymer molecules to shield charge repulsion force in the molecules. The association between positive ions and negative ions is broken to destroy the formed salt bonds (leading the solubility of the polymer in water to be increased), so that the viscosity of the polymer solution is kept to be smaller under higher salt concentration (> 0.06 mol/L), the mobility is strong, and the heavy metal ions in the red mud can be adsorbed in all directions and at multiple angles.
3. The heavy metal stabilizer of the invention is especially suitable for Bayer process red mud, in the chemical process of processing bauxite by Bayer process to extract alumina, the bauxite enters a refinery along with organic matters contained in the bauxite, although most of the organic matters are dissolved and degraded in sodium hydroxide to form organic carboxylate including humus, but some are insoluble. For example, short chain carboxylic acids, despite their significant solubility in sodium hydroxide, lead to the eventual concentration of organics in the red mud due to the action of the red mud as an adsorbent. The short-chain carboxylic acid contains carboxyl (consisting of carbonyl and hydroxyl), belongs to a strong polar group, and meanwhile, amino and hydroxyl contained in the PAMM high polymer also belong to polar groups, so that organic waste in the red mud and the PAMM disclosed by the invention are mutually soluble, so that the principle of organic similarity and intermiscibility is met, the adsorption of the organic waste in the red mud is facilitated, the adsorption effect is stable, and the organic waste is not easy to return to the red mud again.
4. Compared with the heavy metal stabilizer prepared by crosslinking chitosan and melamine in the prior art, the heavy metal stabilizer has the advantages of cheap raw materials and low cost. The market price of chitosan is 180 yuan/kg, the market price of glutaraldehyde is 17.9 yuan/kg, the market price of melamine is 6.1 yuan/kg, and the market price of polyacrylamide is 16 yuan/kg. It is estimated that 1 ton of modified chitosan takes about 96000 yuan, while 1 ton of PAMM only takes about 11900 yuan.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention is provided for the purpose of illustration only and is not to be construed as limiting the invention.
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to specific examples.
The starting materials, reagents or equipment used in the examples are, unless otherwise specified, either conventionally commercially available or may be obtained by methods known in the art. Unless otherwise indicated, the testing or testing methods are conventional in the art.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a preparation method of a heavy metal stabilizer, which specifically comprises the following steps:
firstly, preparing a melamine solution (380 g of melamine is added into 35L of 2% acetic acid solution), then adding 500g of polyacrylamide into the melamine solution, and putting the mixture into a reactor to react for 6 hours at 80 ℃ with stirring to obtain PAMM.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a method for stabilizing heavy metals in red mud, which specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) 5kg of red mud slurry (with the water content of 50%) is added into a stirring barrel, 30L of carbon dioxide is introduced into the stirring barrel at the speed of 2L/min, and the mixture is continuously stirred for 15min at the rotating speed of 48r/min for alkali reduction by a carbonization method.
(2) Taking a part of red mud slurry from the stirring barrel, placing the red mud slurry in a water barrel, standing for 15min, separating supernatant after solid-liquid layering is finished, firstly measuring the pH of the supernatant to be 8.4, and then detecting the contents of copper ions, lead ions and nickel ions to be 139.36mg/kg, 165.83mg/kg and 107.39mg/kg by using a heavy metal ion detector. Taking the red mud precipitate, drying, then pouring the red mud into the stirring barrel again through a combustion method after detection.
(3) 450g of the PAMM reagent prepared in example 1 was taken and added to a stirring vessel, followed by stirring at a speed of 48r/min for 15min.
(4) Standing the mixture in a stirring barrel for 15min, and separating out supernatant to perform heavy metal ion detection. Taking 25g of red mud for precipitation, drying and then detecting that the content of organic matters in the red mud is 0.69mg/g by a combustion method. Measuring the contents of copper ions, lead ions and nickel ions in the supernatant; then stirring to be uniform and then standing for 15min again, repeating the operation for multiple times, wherein the content of copper ions, lead ions and nickel ions in each operation is measured and the result is shown in the following table 1:
TABLE 1
The process in table 1 above is a continuous operation.
The method for measuring the content of organic matters in the red mud by a combustion method comprises the following specific operations:
before adding the PAMM reagent (after the treatment of the step (2)), 75g of red mud is taken out from a standing bucket for precipitation, after drying, the red mud is averagely divided into three samples, namely a sample, b sample and c sample, and the organic matter content of the red mud is detected by a combustion method respectively.
After PAMM reagent is added, stirring for the first 15min at the rotating speed of 48r/min, taking 100g of sample, placing the sample in a water barrel, standing for 15min, then taking 75g of red mud for precipitation, drying, averagely dividing the sample into three samples, namely a sample, b sample and c sample, and detecting the organic matter content of the samples by a combustion method respectively.
Pouring the red mud left in the bucket into the stirring bucket, stirring the red mud to be uniform again, sampling and standing the red mud, wherein the data obtained by processing are shown in the following table 2:
TABLE 2
The process in table 2 above is a continuous operation.
Comparative example 1
The heavy metal stabilizer used in this comparative example was prepared by the following procedure:
100g of chitosan was added to 7L of water and swollen for 30min with stirring. Then, 100mL of 25% glutaraldehyde was added, and stirred at 50 ℃ for 4 hours to obtain grafted chitosan. Adding 50g of melamine into 7L of 2% acetic acid solution, adding the grafted chitosan, and stirring and reacting at 60 ℃ for 6 hours to obtain a brownish red product, namely melamine grafted chitosan (GMCS).
The heavy metal stabilizer process of this comparative example differs from example 2 in that: the PAMM reagent in step (3) was replaced with GMCS reagent, and the rest was the same as in example 2. The results of the heavy metal tests under the operating conditions of this example are shown in table 3 below:
TABLE 3
The process in table 3 above is a continuous operation.
As can be seen from the data in tables 1 and 3, both PAMM reagent and GMCS reagent are effective in stabilizing heavy metals in red mud slurry, but the PAMM reagent of example 1 has a better treatment effect, and as can be seen from table 1 above, even after 12 hours, the red mud treated with PAMM has no phenomenon of heavy metal concentration rising, and it can be seen that the heavy metal stabilizer of example 1 of the present application has a stable treatment effect and does not cause heavy metal re-elution. The data in table 2 show that the heavy metal stabilizer provided by the invention not only has a good effect on heavy metal treatment, but also can effectively remove organic matters in the red mud, and has a stable adsorption effect, so that organic wastes are not easy to return to the red mud again.
Although the present invention has been described with reference to specific embodiments, it should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like, which fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention, should be construed as being included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A heavy metal stabilizer, which is characterized by comprising a polymer obtained by polymerizing melamine and polyacrylamide.
2. The heavy metal stabilizer according to claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of melamine to polyacrylamide is 1: (1.0-1.6).
3. A method for preparing a heavy metal stabilizer according to claim 1 or 2, comprising the steps of: dissolving melamine in acetic acid solution, adding polyacrylamide, stirring, and reacting to obtain the heavy metal stabilizer.
4. The method for preparing a heavy metal stabilizer according to claim 3, wherein the reaction temperature is 70-90 ℃.
5. The method for preparing a heavy metal stabilizer according to claim 4, wherein the reaction time is 5-7h.
6. Use of a heavy metal stabilizer according to claim 1 or 2 for the stabilization and/or removal of red mud heavy metals.
7. The method for removing the heavy metal from the red mud is characterized by comprising the following steps: the heavy metal stabilizer according to claim 1 or 2 is mixed with the red mud slurry and stirred.
8. The method for removing the heavy metals in the red mud according to claim 7, wherein the red mud in the red mud slurry contains at least one of the heavy metals copper, lead and nickel.
9. The method for removing heavy metals from red mud according to claim 7, wherein the pH of the red mud slurry is 7.0-11.0.
10. The method for removing the heavy metals in the red mud according to claim 7, wherein the stirring time is 10-30min.
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