CN115650664A - Multifunctional environment-friendly ecological concrete and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Multifunctional environment-friendly ecological concrete and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of novel green building materials, and discloses multifunctional environment-friendly ecological concrete and a preparation method thereof. The concrete comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50-180 parts of cement, 30-110 parts of sawn mud, 30-110 parts of modified sepiolite powder, 900-1500 parts of phosphogypsum coarse aggregate, 5-10 parts of water reducing agent, 70-170 parts of water, 3-8 parts of potassium polyacrylate, 4-9 parts of polyvinyl acetate emulsion and 3-6 parts of 2-methyl-2,4-pentanediol solution. According to the invention, solid wastes such as saw mud and phosphogypsum are reasonably utilized, and the prepared concrete not only has excellent strength, toughness, shrinkage resistance and other properties, but also has the functions of adsorption, purification, water permeation, temperature and humidity regulation and the like, and can be suitable for various application scenes.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of novel green building materials, and particularly relates to multifunctional environment-friendly ecological concrete and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Concrete is a widely applied material in the field of buildings, and with the development of times and the improvement of economic capacity and technological strength, the research and development focus gradually shifts from high strength and high performance to energy conservation and environmental protection, so in recent years, ecological concrete is widely concerned. The ecological concrete is a special concrete, and the material selection and the manufacturing process of the ecological concrete are different from those of common concrete to a certain extent, so that the manufactured concrete has special structure and surface characteristics, can reduce environmental load, can coordinate with ecological environment, and has positive protection effect on natural environment and ecological balance.
The ecological concrete is mainly divided into two types, namely environment-friendly ecological concrete and biocompatible ecological concrete. The environment-friendly ecological concrete is concrete capable of reducing environmental load, the production is realized by recycling solid wastes, the service life of the concrete is prolonged by enhancing the durability of the concrete, and finally the environmental load is reduced by changing the performance of the concrete to improve the influence of the concrete on the environment. The biocompatible ecological concrete can coexist harmoniously with animals and plants in the nature, can coordinate the ecological environment to a certain extent, effectively beautifies the environment and achieves the harmonious coexistence of people and nature.
In the aspect of environment-friendly ecological concrete, people are dedicated to applying various solid waste materials to the preparation of concrete so as to solve the problem of disposal of solid waste and achieve a certain environment-friendly effect. There are a number of challenges to overcome: 1) After solid waste is added into ecological concrete, adverse effects such as strength reduction, easiness in cracking and the like are easily caused, so that the utilization types of the solid waste are few, the utilization amount is not high, the material selection and the proportion setting are limited for ensuring the mechanical property of the concrete, the fly ash, the slag and the like are still more applied at present, and the utilization development of other waste materials is slow; 2) The ecological concrete has single function, and besides solid wastes are consumed in the preparation process of many ecological concretes, more environmental functions can not be realized in the use process.
Therefore, the development of the multifunctional ecological concrete with more solid waste utilization types, higher utilization amount and better performance has very important significance for promoting the development of the ecological concrete, protecting the ecological environment and promoting the harmonious development of human and nature.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing the multifunctional environment-friendly ecological concrete and the preparation method thereof aiming at the defects of the existing environment-friendly ecological concrete, reasonably utilizes solid wastes such as saw mud, phosphogypsum and the like, and the prepared concrete not only has excellent strength, toughness, shrinkage resistance and the like, but also has the functions of adsorption, purification, water permeation, temperature and humidity regulation and the like.
In order to solve the technical problems provided by the invention, the invention provides a multifunctional environment-friendly ecological concrete which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50-180 parts of cement, 30-110 parts of sawn mud, 30-110 parts of modified sepiolite powder, 900-1500 parts of phosphogypsum coarse aggregate, 5-10 parts of water reducing agent, 70-170 parts of water, 3-8 parts of potassium polyacrylate, 4-9 parts of polyvinyl acetate emulsion and 3-6 parts of 2-methyl-2,4-pentanediol solution.
In the scheme, the modified sepiolite powder is prepared from sepiolite powder through electric polarity modification and organic modification.
In the scheme, the particle size of the modified sepiolite powder is 0.05-0.1 mu m, and the specific surface area is 800-1100m 2 /g。
In the scheme, the phosphogypsum coarse aggregate is prepared by converting phosphogypsum into semi-hydrated phosphogypsum, mixing the semi-hydrated phosphogypsum with modified sepiolite powder and phthalic acid ester for granulation, and then cladding with cement.
In the scheme, the particle size of the phosphogypsum coarse aggregate is 5-15mm, and the density is 600-900kg/m 3 The cylinder pressure strength is 8-12MPa.
In the scheme, the 2-methyl-2,4-pentanediol solution is formed by mixing 2-methyl-2,4-pentanediol and a hydrocarbon solvent, wherein the mass ratio of the 2-methyl-2,4-pentanediol to the hydrocarbon solvent is 1: (1-1.5).
In the scheme, the saw mud is granite tailings with the grain diameter less than 0.045mm 2 And Al 2 O 3 The sum of the contents is more than 85 percent.
In the scheme, the solid content of the polyvinyl acetate emulsion is 30-50%.
In the scheme, the cement is ordinary portland cement, and the strength grade is 42.5 or 52.5.
In the above scheme, the preparation method of the modified sepiolite powder comprises the following steps:
1) Carrying out wet ball milling on sepiolite powder, adding saturated NaOH solution and tourmaline into the ball-milled sepiolite powder, electrifying the solution until the pH of the solution is neutral, stopping electrifying, and removing the tourmaline to obtain modified sepiolite slurry;
2) Adding an acrolein solution into the modified sepiolite slurry, stirring uniformly, sealing and standing for reaction, drying the slurry after the reaction is finished, washing the obtained solid with water, drying again, repeatedly washing and drying, and grinding the solid into powder to obtain the modified sepiolite powder.
Furthermore, the sepiolite powder is fibrous, the Mohs hardness is 1.8-2.2, and the density is 1.4-1.8g/cm 3 The specific surface area is 400-750m 2 /g。
Further, the wet ball milling takes an aluminum chloride solution as a grinding aid, the concentration of the aluminum chloride solution is 15-30%, and the mass ratio of the volume of the aluminum chloride solution to the sepiolite powder is (4-16) mL:5g of the total weight.
Furthermore, the diameter of the grinding bead of the wet ball milling is 0.5-1.5mm, and the density of the grinding bead is 6-8kg/m 3 The mass ratio of the grinding beads to the grinding material is (8-12): 1, grinding for 1-3h.
Further, the mass ratio of the volume of the saturated NaOH solution to the sepiolite powder is (0.5-2) mL:1g of the total weight of the composition.
Further, the tourmaline is one of magnesium tourmaline, iron tourmaline and lithium tourmaline, the particle size of the tourmaline is more than or equal to 9.6mm, and the mass of the tourmaline is 1/3-1/2 of the mass of sepiolite powder.
Further, the electrifying voltage is 30-60V, and the electrifying time is 12-18h.
Further, the concentration of the acrolein solution is 1.5-2.5mg/L, and the mass ratio of the volume of the acrolein solution to the sepiolite powder is (1-5) mL:50g.
Further, the reaction time of the sealing and standing is 12-24min.
Further, the drying temperature is 180-220 ℃, and the drying time is 1-3h.
In the scheme, the preparation method of the phosphogypsum coarse aggregate comprises the following steps:
1) Adding phosphogypsum into a salt solution, heating under a pressurized condition to react, and drying after the reaction to obtain alpha-hemihydrate phosphogypsum;
2) Grinding alpha-semi-hydrated phosphogypsum into powder, adding modified sepiolite powder and phthalic acid ester, uniformly mixing, carrying out hydration granulation, and carrying out cladding treatment on cement after granules are formed to obtain phosphogypsum coarse aggregate.
Further, the particle size of the phosphogypsum is 5-50 μm.
Further, the salt solution is a NaCl solution with the mass fraction of 10-15%, and the mass ratio of the volume of the salt solution to the phosphogypsum is (14-19) mL:10g.
Further, the reaction pressure is 30-45MPa, the reaction temperature is 135-155 ℃, and the reaction time is 30-45min.
Further, the drying temperature is 120-180 ℃, and the drying time is 1-3h.
Furthermore, the addition amount of the modified sepiolite powder is 6-10% of the mass of the alpha-hemihydrate phosphogypsum.
Furthermore, the addition amount of the phthalic acid ester is 2-3.5% of the mass of the modified sepiolite powder.
Further, the mass ratio of the granulation particles to the cement is (4-5): 1.
the invention also provides a preparation method of the multifunctional environment-friendly ecological concrete, which comprises the following steps:
1) Carrying out steam curing on the phosphogypsum coarse aggregate, then placing the phosphogypsum coarse aggregate into a sodium carbonate solution for soaking, and taking out the phosphogypsum coarse aggregate to obtain a pretreated coarse aggregate;
2) Carrying out wet ball milling on the saw mud, adding the saw mud subjected to ball milling and water into a 2-methyl-2,4-pentanediol solution, and uniformly mixing to obtain saw mud dispersed slurry;
3) Uniformly mixing cement, modified sepiolite powder and the pretreated coarse aggregate to obtain a dry mixture;
4) Adding a water reducing agent, water, potassium polyacrylate and polyvinyl acetate emulsion into the dry mixture, uniformly mixing, adding saw mud to disperse the slurry, and uniformly mixing again to obtain a mixture;
5) And (3) filling the mixture into a mold, demolding after hardening, and maintaining to obtain the multifunctional environment-friendly ecological concrete.
In the scheme, the steam curing is steam curing, and the water solution for generating steam contains 1-4% of ethyl acetate by mass fraction.
In the scheme, the steam curing temperature is 60-80 ℃, the humidity is 75-95%, and the curing time is 48-96h.
In the scheme, the concentration of the sodium carbonate solution is 5-10%, and the soaking time is 1-2h.
In the scheme, the wet ball milling takes an aluminum chloride solution as a grinding aid, the concentration of the aluminum chloride solution is 15-30%, and the mass ratio of the volume of the aluminum chloride solution to the saw mud is (4-16) mL:5g of the total weight.
In the scheme, the diameter of the grinding bead of the wet ball milling is 0.5-1.5mm, and the density of the grinding bead is 6-8kg/m 3 The mass ratio of the grinding beads to the grinding material is (8-12): 1, grinding for 1-3h.
In the scheme, the using amount of the water in the step 2) accounts for 50-70% of the total water amount, and the using amount of the water in the step 4) accounts for 30-50% of the water amount.
In the scheme, the curing temperature in the step 5) is 25 +/-2 ℃, the curing humidity is more than 90%, and the curing time is more than 21d.
The technical conception of the invention is as follows:
1) The invention uses the solid waste saw mud for preparing concrete, and the main component of the saw mud is SiO 2 And Al 2 O 3 Can be used as a cementing material, but the sawn mud particles are fine, are easy to agglomerate after absorbing water, and can directly influence SiO due to uneven dispersion in concrete slurry 2 And Al 2 O 3 The activity of the silicon dioxide is further influenced, so that the mechanical property and the later-stage durability of the concrete are further influenced, and on one hand, the particle size of sawn mud is further reduced to about 1 mu m after ball milling through wet ball milling, so that SiO is enhanced 2 And Al 2 O 3 Activity of (a); on the other hand, 2-methyl-2,4-pentanediol solution is used as a dispersing agent, so that the interfacial tension between saw mud particles and water is reduced, and the saw mud is uniformly dispersed in the slurry.
2) The invention uses the solid waste phosphogypsum for preparing concrete, and granulates the phosphogypsum to prepare coarse aggregate so as to reduce the exploitation of broken stones and pebbles, and the phosphogypsum component is removed of CaSO 4 In addition, the modified sepiolite powder also contains impurities such as phosphorus, fluorine, organic matters and the like, so that a small amount of modified sepiolite powder and phthalic acid ester are added in the granulation process, the sepiolite powder can effectively adsorb residual fluoride, refractory phosphorus and other harmful substances, and the influence of harmful impurities on the performance of a concrete matrix is eliminated; the phthalate has certain plasticizing and toughening effects, so that the coarse aggregate has higher strength.
3) The sepiolite is also used for preparing concrete, can replace partial cement, reduces the using amount of the cement, reduces the carbon emission in the production process of the concrete, has good adsorption characteristic and moisture absorption and desorption characteristic, can endow the concrete with more functions, but needs to be modified for realizing the properties, and has limited effects in the traditional acid modification and thermal activation modification, so that the modification method combining electric polarity modification and organic modification is adopted, si-O-Mg-O-Si bonds in the crystal structure of the sepiolite are fully broken by utilizing the electric polarity modification, the penetrability of fiber pore channels in a crystal network structure is effectively increased, the specific surface area and the internal porosity of crystals are increased, and the adsorption and moisture absorption and desorption properties are enhanced; the organic modification further reacts with the polar bond in the crystal, so that the dispersibility of the sepiolite powder in the slurry can be improved, and the cohesiveness can be reduced.
4) In the preparation process of the concrete, firstly, the phosphogypsum coarse aggregate is subjected to steam curing and salt solution soaking pretreatment, the steam curing is favorable for improving the early hydration rate of the phosphogypsum, the sepiolite and the cement in the coarse aggregate and promoting the formation of strength, and the ethyl acetate is added into the steam, so that the steam is favorable for infiltrating a particle shell and supplementing the water required in the hydration process of the interior of the particle; the salt solution soaking is beneficial to the secondary formation of the strength of the particle body, further promotes the hydration, and also has certain filling and healing effects on the internal and external microcracks and microporosities of the coarse aggregate particles in the forming process, so that the prepared coarse aggregate is more compact. In the subsequent mixing process, a mixing procedure of adding raw materials in batches is adopted, so that the homogeneity in the mixing process of sawing mud, modifying sepiolite powder and phosphogypsum coarse aggregate is further improved, and the optimization of the performance of the concrete is realized.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1) The invention takes saw mud, phosphogypsum and sepiolite as main raw materials, the saw mud, the phosphogypsum and the sepiolite are used for preparing the multifunctional environment-friendly ecological concrete after being properly treated, wherein the saw mud is used as a cementing material, the granulated phosphogypsum is used as a coarse aggregate, and the sepiolite is used for providing adsorption and moisture absorption and release performances.
2) The invention reasonably utilizes solid wastes such as saw mud, phosphogypsum and the like, reduces the practicability to coarse aggregates such as cement, broken stones, pebbles and the like, reduces the cost of production materials while realizing secondary treatment and utilization of pollutants, and realizes win-win of ecological environment and economic benefit. The concrete has more functions and wider application range, is particularly suitable for closed environments such as warehouses, collection rooms and the like with requirements on temperature and humidity, and open environments such as green belt structures, sidewalk surfaces, river channel water purification channels, water area structures and the like, can effectively reduce noise, purify air and regulate temperature and humidity when being applied to indoor environments, can effectively reduce environmental load when being applied to outdoor environments, and can harmoniously coexist with animals and plants.
Detailed Description
In order to better understand the present invention, the following examples are further provided to illustrate the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the following examples.
In the following examples, the cement used was PO42.5 grade portland cement; the adopted saw mud is granite tailings with the average grain diameter of 0.03mm and SiO 2 And Al 2 O 3 The sum of the contents is 86.3%; the sepiolite powder adopted is fibrous, the Mohs hardness is 2.2, and the density is 1.8g/cm 3 A specific surface area of 750m 2 (iv) g; the adopted phosphogypsum is offwhite powder with the average grain diameter of 20 mu m, the content of calcium sulfate dihydrate of the phosphogypsum is 80 percent, and the water-soluble P is 2 O 5 1.2 percent and the content of water-soluble fluorine is 0.4 percent; the adopted water reducing agent is a polycarboxylic acid high-performance water reducing agent, the water reducing rate is 30 percent, and the solid content is 38 percent; the adopted potassium polyacrylate is white powder, the purity is 80 percent, and the potassium content is 13 percent; the adopted polyvinyl acetate emulsion is colorless viscous liquid, and the solid content is 33 percent; the adopted hydrocarbon solvent is saturated cyclane, in particular to a KM-310 type hydrocarbon cleaning agent of Suzhou Haigang chemical company Limited, and the total content of aromatic hydrocarbon is 0.009%; the adopted tourmaline is magnesium tourmaline with the grain diameter of 9.6mm and the density of 3.1g/cm 3 。
Examples 1 to 4
The multifunctional environment-friendly ecological concrete in the embodiments 1 to 4 is composed of cement, sawn mud, modified sepiolite powder, phosphogypsum coarse aggregate, a water reducing agent, water, potassium polyacrylate, polyvinyl acetate emulsion and 2-methyl-2,4-pentanediol solution, and the mass parts of the raw materials are shown in table 1.
Table 1 examples 1-4 raw material composition (parts by mass) of multifunctional eco-friendly eco-concrete
The preparation method of the 2-methyl-2,4-pentanediol solution in examples 1-4 is as follows: uniformly mixing 2-methyl-2,4-pentanediol with a hydrocarbon solvent according to a mass ratio to obtain a 2-methyl-2,4-pentanediol solution. The mass ratio of 2-methyl-2,4-pentanediol to hydrocarbon solvent in examples 1-4 is 1:1, 1.2, 1, 1.4, 1.5.
The preparation method of the modified sepiolite powder in the embodiments 1 to 4 comprises the following steps:
1) Carrying out wet ball milling on sepiolite powder, adding saturated NaOH solution and tourmaline into the ball-milled sepiolite powder, electrifying the solution until the pH of the solution is neutral, stopping electrifying, and removing the tourmaline to obtain modified sepiolite slurry;
2) Adding an acrolein solution into the modified sepiolite slurry, stirring uniformly, sealing and standing for reaction, drying the slurry after the reaction is finished, washing the obtained solid with water, drying again, repeatedly washing and drying for 2-3 times, and grinding the solid into powder to obtain the modified sepiolite powder.
Table 2 examples 1-4 preparation of modified sepiolite flour step 1) main parameters
| Group of | Saturated NaVolume of OH solution | Quality of tourmaline | Energization voltage | Time of energization |
| Example 1 | 50mL | 1/3 of sepiolite powder | 30V | 18h |
| Example 2 | 100mL | 1/3 of sepiolite powder | 40V | 16h |
| Example 3 | 150mL | 2/5 of sepiolite powder | 50V | 14h |
| Example 4 | 200mL | 1/2 of sepiolite powder | 60V | 12h |
Note: the volume of the saturated NaOH solution is taken as an example of 100g of sepiolite powder.
Table 3 examples 1-4 preparation of modified sepiolite flour step 2) main parameters
Note: the volume of acrolein solution is taken as an example of 100g of sepiolite powder.
The preparation method of the phosphogypsum coarse aggregate in the examples 1 to 4 comprises the following steps:
1) Adding phosphogypsum into NaCl solution, heating under a pressurized condition for reaction, and drying after the reaction to obtain alpha-hemihydrate phosphogypsum;
2) Grinding alpha-semi-hydrated phosphogypsum into powder, adding modified sepiolite powder and phthalic acid ester, uniformly mixing, carrying out hydration granulation, and carrying out cladding treatment on cement after granules are formed to obtain phosphogypsum coarse aggregate.
Table 4 examples 1-4 phosphogypsum coarse aggregate preparation step 1) main parameters
Note: the volume of NaCl solution is taken as an example of 100g phosphogypsum.
Table 5 examples 1-4 phosphogypsum coarse aggregate preparation step 2) main parameters
Note: the adding amount of the modified sepiolite powder takes the mass of the alpha-hemihydrate phosphogypsum as a reference; the addition amount of the phthalate is based on the mass of the modified sepiolite powder.
The preparation method of the multifunctional environment-friendly ecological concrete in the embodiments 1 to 4 comprises the following steps:
1) Carrying out steam curing on the phosphogypsum coarse aggregate, then soaking in a sodium carbonate solution, wherein the liquid level of the phosphogypsum coarse aggregate immersed in the sodium carbonate solution is 3-5cm higher than that of the phosphogypsum coarse aggregate during soaking, and taking out to obtain a pretreated coarse aggregate;
2) Carrying out wet ball milling on the saw mud, adding the saw mud subjected to ball milling and water into a 2-methyl-2,4-pentanediol solution, and uniformly mixing to obtain saw mud dispersed slurry;
3) Taking cement, modified sepiolite powder and pretreated coarse aggregate, and uniformly mixing to obtain a dry mixture;
4) Adding a water reducing agent, water, potassium polyacrylate and polyvinyl acetate emulsion into the dry mixture, uniformly mixing, adding saw mud to disperse the slurry, and uniformly mixing again to obtain a mixture;
5) And (3) filling the mixture into a mold, demolding after hardening, and maintaining to obtain the multifunctional environment-friendly ecological concrete.
Table 6 examples 1-4 phosphogypsum coarse aggregate pretreatment main parameters
Table 7 examples 1-4 main parameters for concrete preparation
Note: the water consumption in the step 2) and the step 4) is based on the total water in the raw materials.
The wet ball milling process of sepiolite powder or saw mud in examples 1-4 was as follows: mixing sepiolite powder or saw mud with aluminum chloride solution, and adding into the mixture with diameter of 1mm and density of 6kg/m 3 The polishing beads of (2) are polished.
Table 8 examples 1-4 main parameters of wet ball milling
Note: the amount of the aluminum chloride solution added is exemplified by 100g of sepiolite powder or saw mud.
Comparative example 1
A traditional ecological concrete comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 140 parts of PO 42.5-grade ordinary portland cement, 35 parts of fly ash, 35 parts of slag, 1050 parts of crushed stone, 6 parts of a water reducing agent and 80 parts of water.
Testing the working performance and the mechanical performance of the concrete in the examples 1-4 and the comparative example 1, wherein the apparent density and the slump refer to GB/T50080-2016 test method for the performance of common concrete mixtures; the compressive strength refers to GB/T50081-2019 Standard of concrete physical and mechanical property test method; the shrinkage value refers to GB/T29417-2012 test method for drying shrinkage cracking performance of cement mortar and concrete; the water permeability coefficient adopts a water head fixing method, namely, the fixed water pressure is kept unchanged, and the water permeability coefficient is calculated through the water quantity penetrating through the test piece within a certain time; the results are shown in Table 9.
TABLE 9 working and mechanical Properties of the concretes of examples 1-4 and comparative example 1
It can be seen from table 9 that, compared with the conventional ecological concrete in comparative example 1, the slump of the multifunctional environment-friendly ecological concrete in examples 1 to 4 is increased, the dry shrinkage value is reduced, and meanwhile, under the condition of controlling the reduction of the concrete volume weight, the mechanical property is obviously improved, the water permeability coefficient is slightly reduced, but the basic water permeability requirement of the permeable pavement is still met.
The concrete in examples 1 to 4 and comparative example 1 was subjected to pollutant adsorption, noise reduction and temperature and humidity adjustment tests, wherein in the heavy metal adsorption test, a 100mm × 100mm × 100mm concrete sample was immersed in 5L of a sample containing Pb 2+ 、Cd 2+ 、Cu 2+ In the mixed solution of the heavy metal ions with the same weight, the initial heavy metal concentration is 50mg/L, and the adsorption capacity of the concrete to the heavy metals is measured after 48 hours; the formaldehyde adsorption test is to place a concrete slab with the thickness of 500mm multiplied by 50mm in a sealed box, introduce feed gas and adjust the formaldehyde content in the feed gas to 1000mg/m 3 Gas flow rate of 25m 3 The temperature and humidity are 30 ℃ and 70%, and the formaldehyde content in the sealed box is measured after 1 hour; in the noise reduction test, a concrete sample of 100mm multiplied by 400mm is taken, and the transmission rate of sound waves in the concrete is tested; temperature and humidity regulation test A150 mm × 150mm × 150mm concrete sample is taken, dried and cooled in an oven and then placed in a 500mm × 500mm sealed chamber built by PVC plates, and the temperature and humidity in the sealed chamber are recorded after 12hThe rate of change of the degree.
TABLE 10 adsorption, noise reduction and temperature/humidity control Properties of the concretes of examples 1 to 4 and comparative example 1
The results of adsorption tests show that the traditional ecological concrete has low adsorption rate on pollutants, and the adsorption efficiency of the multifunctional environment-friendly ecological concrete on heavy metals and formaldehyde is obviously improved; the results of the noise reduction tests show that the traditional ecological concrete has higher porosity, uneven internal medium and more obstruction to sound waves during internal propagation, so that the noise reduction effect is better, the propagation speed of the sound waves in the common concrete is 4-5km/s, and the multifunctional environment-friendly ecological concrete still has certain noise reduction effect; the results of the temperature and humidity regulation test show that the multifunctional environment-friendly ecological concrete has a larger regulation range on temperature and humidity and has a better effect on improving adverse environment; in conclusion, the multifunctional environment-friendly ecological concrete disclosed by the invention has the functions of noise reduction, water permeability and the like, and also has more other functional attributes, so that the multifunctional environment-friendly ecological concrete is suitable for multiple scenes.
The above embodiments are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present invention and do not limit the present invention. Other variants and modifications of the invention, which are obvious to those skilled in the art and can be made on the basis of the above description, are not necessarily exhaustive of all embodiments, and are therefore intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. The multifunctional environment-friendly ecological concrete is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by mass: 50-180 parts of cement, 30-110 parts of sawn mud, 30-110 parts of modified sepiolite powder, 900-1500 parts of phosphogypsum coarse aggregate, 5-10 parts of water reducing agent, 70-170 parts of water, 3-8 parts of potassium polyacrylate, 4-9 parts of polyvinyl acetate emulsion and 3-6 parts of 2-methyl-2,4-pentanediol solution;
the modified sepiolite powder is prepared from sepiolite powder through electric polarity modification and organic modification; the phosphogypsum coarse aggregate is prepared by converting phosphogypsum into semi-hydrated phosphogypsum, mixing the semi-hydrated phosphogypsum with modified sepiolite powder and phthalic acid ester for granulation, and then cladding with cement; the 2-methyl-2,4-pentanediol solution is prepared by mixing 2-methyl-2,4-pentanediol and a hydrocarbon solvent.
2. The eco-concrete of claim 1, wherein the sawn mud has a particle size of < 0.045mm 2 And Al 2 O 3 The sum of the contents is more than 85 percent; the particle size of the modified sepiolite powder is 0.05-0.1 mu m, and the specific surface area is 800-1100m 2 (ii)/g; the particle size of the phosphogypsum coarse aggregate is 5-15mm, and the density is 600-900kg/m 3 The cylinder pressure is 8-12MPa.
3. The multifunctional environment-friendly eco-concrete according to claim 1, wherein the preparation method of the modified sepiolite powder comprises:
1) Carrying out wet ball milling on sepiolite powder, adding saturated NaOH solution and tourmaline into the ball-milled sepiolite powder, electrifying the solution until the pH of the solution is neutral, stopping electrifying, and removing the tourmaline to obtain modified sepiolite slurry;
2) Adding an acrolein solution into the modified sepiolite slurry, stirring uniformly, sealing and standing for reaction, drying the slurry after the reaction is finished, washing the obtained solid with water, drying again, repeatedly washing and drying, and grinding the solid into powder to obtain the modified sepiolite powder.
4. The multifunctional environment-friendly ecological concrete according to claim 3, wherein the tourmaline is one of magnesium tourmaline, iron tourmaline and lithium tourmaline, the particle size of the tourmaline is not less than 9.6mm, and the mass of the tourmaline is 1/3-1/2 of the mass of sepiolite powder; the electrifying voltage is 30-60V, and the electrifying time is 12-18h.
5. The multifunctional environment-friendly eco-concrete according to claim 1, wherein the preparation method of the phosphogypsum coarse aggregate comprises the following steps:
1) Adding phosphogypsum into a salt solution, heating under a pressurized condition for reaction, and drying after the reaction to obtain alpha-hemihydrate phosphogypsum;
2) Grinding alpha-semi-hydrated phosphogypsum into powder, adding modified sepiolite powder and phthalic acid ester, uniformly mixing, carrying out hydration granulation, and carrying out cladding treatment on cement after granules are formed to obtain phosphogypsum coarse aggregate.
6. The multifunctional environment-friendly ecological concrete according to claim 5, wherein the modified sepiolite powder is added in an amount of 6-10% by mass of the alpha-hemihydrate phosphogypsum; the addition amount of the phthalic acid ester is 2-3.5% of the mass of the modified sepiolite powder; the mass ratio of the granulation particles to the cement is (4-5): 1.
7. a method for preparing the multifunctional environment-friendly eco-concrete according to any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising the steps of:
1) Carrying out steam curing on the phosphogypsum coarse aggregate, then soaking in a sodium carbonate solution, and taking out to obtain a pretreated coarse aggregate;
2) Carrying out wet ball milling on the saw mud, adding the saw mud subjected to ball milling and water into a 2-methyl-2,4-pentanediol solution, and uniformly mixing to obtain saw mud dispersed slurry;
3) Uniformly mixing cement, modified sepiolite powder and the pretreated coarse aggregate to obtain a dry mixture;
4) Adding a water reducing agent, water, potassium polyacrylate and polyvinyl acetate emulsion into the dry mixture, uniformly mixing, adding saw mud to disperse the slurry, and uniformly mixing again to obtain a mixture;
5) And (3) filling the mixture into a mold, demolding after hardening, and maintaining to obtain the multifunctional environment-friendly ecological concrete.
8. The method for preparing multifunctional environment-friendly eco-concrete according to claim 7, wherein the steam curing is steam curing, and the water solution for steam generation contains 1-4% by mass of ethyl acetate; the steam curing temperature is 60-80 ℃, the humidity is 75-95%, and the curing time is 48-96h.
9. The method for preparing multifunctional environment-friendly eco-concrete according to claim 7, wherein the concentration of the sodium carbonate solution is 5-10% and the soaking time is 1-2h.
10. The preparation method of the multifunctional environment-friendly eco-concrete according to claim 7, wherein the wet ball milling uses an aluminum chloride solution as a grinding aid, the concentration of the aluminum chloride solution is 15-30%, and the mass ratio of the volume of the aluminum chloride solution to the saw mud is (4-16) mL:5g of the total weight of the mixture; the diameter of the grinding bead of the wet ball milling is 0.5-1.5mm, and the mass ratio of the grinding bead to the grinding material is (8-12): 1, grinding for 1-3h.
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| CN116253557A (en) * | 2023-03-14 | 2023-06-13 | 上海泽丰半导体科技有限公司 | Ceramic casting slurry, preparation method thereof and ceramic casting green tape |
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