CN115647841A

CN115647841A - Complete production equipment for machining and detecting heavy wheel parts

Info

Publication number: CN115647841A
Application number: CN202211690712.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 陈强; 李燕; 张猛; 徐雪峰
Original assignee: Changzhou Mingqiang Port Machinery Accessories Co ltd
Current assignee: Changzhou Mingqiang Port Machinery Accessories Co ltd
Priority date: 2022-12-28
Filing date: 2022-12-28
Publication date: 2023-01-31
Anticipated expiration: 2042-12-28
Also published as: CN115647841B

Abstract

The invention discloses complete production equipment for machining and detecting heavy wheel parts, and belongs to the field of machining. The complete production equipment comprises a hoisting frame, a mechanical arm, a lifting appliance claw head, a machining device and a detection device, wherein the hoisting frame can drive the lifting appliance claw head to horizontally move in the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction and lift and move in the Z-axis direction, the lifting appliance claw head is used for grabbing a workpiece, the workpiece hoisting stability and safety are improved through the double grabbing design of the expansion mechanism and the claw mechanism, and the moving position and the claw head direction of the lifting appliance claw head can be flexibly controlled by matching the hoisting frame and the mechanical arm; in addition, the center position of the central shaft hole can be quickly determined by using the discharge servo control system, and the measuring precision of the circular runout of the machined surface is improved; in addition, the circular runout precision of the central shaft hole and the outer circular surface is measured simultaneously by taking the axis of the central shaft hole as a reference, the coaxiality of the central shaft hole and the outer circular surface can be reflected, and the machining precision and the product percent of pass of the heavy wheel parts are further ensured.

Description

Complete production equipment for machining and detecting heavy wheel parts

Technical Field

The invention relates to a complete set of machining and detecting equipment, in particular to complete set of machining and detecting production equipment for heavy wheel parts.

Background

The bridge crane is also called as a crown block, the bridge frame of the bridge crane longitudinally runs along the tracks laid on the elevated frames at two sides, and the crane trolley transversely runs along the tracks laid on the bridge frame, so that the space below the bridge frame can be fully utilized to hoist articles, the crane trolley is not hindered by ground equipment, and the crane trolley is widely used in places such as indoor and outdoor warehouses, factories, wharfs, ports and the like.

The wheels of the large bridge crane are similar to train wheels, are all used for running on the track, belong to heavy-duty wheel parts, have large outer diameter size and high bearing strength requirement, are generally machined by carbon steel castings and alloy steel forgings, and are manufactured by performing heat treatment such as quenching, tempering and the like on the machined parts. For the heavy wheel parts, in the machining process, the turnover of the parts is very laborious and inconvenient due to the fact that the disc-shaped blanks are heavy and lack of reliable hoisting structures. Although the conventional magnetic suction lifting device can conveniently lift such disc-shaped parts, the magnetic suction lifting device is easy to magnetize the parts, so that cuttings are easy to adsorb in subsequent machining, and the machining precision is further influenced. In addition, the main processing surfaces of the heavy wheel parts are a central shaft hole and an outer circular surface, the processing of the outer circular surface takes the central shaft hole as a reference to ensure the coaxiality of the central shaft hole and the outer circular surface, and the processing precision of the two parts directly influences the stability of the wheel parts used as wheels, so that the requirements on the machining precision of the two parts are high, and the circular runout detection of the processing surfaces is required after the machining is finished. Therefore, for such heavy wheel parts, a reliable lifting appliance structure is needed to be designed to meet the turnover requirements of the parts between stations for machining, detection and the like.

In addition, in the process of measuring the circular runout of the central shaft hole and the outer circular surface of the wheel part, the circle center of the central shaft hole is accurately and quickly determined, and the measuring precision of a product is greatly influenced. Most of the existing circle run-out measuring devices and methods are only suitable for the measurement requirement of a single machining surface of an inner hole or an outer circle of a part, and for the wheel parts with the central shaft hole and the outer circle surface, in the process of simultaneously measuring the circle run-out of the central shaft hole and the outer circle surface by taking the axis of the central shaft hole as a reference, how to quickly determine the circle center of the central shaft hole becomes a measurement difficulty.

In addition, current processing equipment is comparatively scattered, need send the part to the workshop detection after machining usually, and the part turnover is wasted time and energy, and especially to heavy wheel class part, the part rolls off or the landing easily in handling, leads to the part to scrap, and has the potential safety hazard. In the actual processing process, in order to save space, the processing blank and the processed parts are all vertically placed on the ground, are easy to roll and collide, even topple, lack a stable part fixing device, and bring unnecessary troubles to the actual production link.

Disclosure of Invention

1. Technical problem to be solved by the invention

The invention aims to overcome the defects of inconvenient turnover of machining and detection stations, low machining surface circular runout detection precision and the like of the existing heavy wheel parts, and provides complete machining and detection production equipment for the heavy wheel parts. In addition, in the detection device, a discharge servo control system is used for controlling the movement of the workpiece on the cross servo sliding table, the discharge centering shaft and the inner wall of the central shaft hole of the workpiece are close to discharge to determine the coordinate positions of an X axis and a Y axis, the center position of the central shaft hole can be rapidly determined by utilizing the principle in machine tool division, and the measuring precision of the circular runout of the machined surface is improved; in addition, the circle run-out precision of the central shaft hole and the excircle surface is measured simultaneously by taking the axis of the central shaft hole as a reference, the coaxiality of the central shaft hole and the excircle surface can be reflected, and the processing precision and the product percent of pass of the heavy wheel parts are further ensured.

2. Technical scheme

In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:

the invention relates to a complete set of heavy wheel part machining and detection production equipment, which comprises a hoisting frame, a mechanical arm, a lifting appliance claw head, a machining device and a detection device, wherein the machining device and the detection device are respectively arranged below the top of the hoisting frame;

the lifting appliance claw head comprises a rear seat, an outer cylinder, an expansion mechanism and a claw mechanism, wherein the expansion mechanism and the claw mechanism are respectively arranged in a cylinder body consisting of the rear seat and the outer cylinder;

detection device includes servo slip table of cross, work piece mount pad, the servo slip table of Z axle, circle detection mechanism and the servo control system that discharges of beating, the work piece mount pad is fixed on the servo slip table of cross, circle detection mechanism that beats installs on the servo slip table of Z axle, circle detection mechanism that beats has gear motor, rotating turret, hole circle measuring component and excircle circle measuring component that beats, the rotating turret is located the top of work piece mount pad, gear motor is connected with the rotating turret transmission, hole circle measuring component that beats installs in the middle part of rotating turret, excircle circle measuring component that beats installs in the tip of rotating turret, the below of rotating turret is equipped with the coaxial discharge centering axle with the axis of rotation of rotating turret, the discharge centering axle is connected with the servo control system electricity that discharges for give discharge signal feedback to the servo control system that discharges, discharge servo control system and the servo slip table communication connection of cross for control work piece mount pad moves the centering in X axle and Y axle direction.

Further, the measuring method of the detection device is as follows:

s1, the hoisting frame and the mechanical arm drive a lifting appliance claw head to place a machined workpiece on a workpiece mounting seat for positioning;

s2, the Z-axis servo sliding table drives the circular runout detection mechanism to move downwards, so that the discharge centering shaft extends into a central shaft hole of the workpiece;

s3, the discharge servo control system controls the cross servo sliding table to drive the workpiece to move in the X-axis and Y-axis directions, the X-axis and Y-axis coordinates are determined through a discharge signal generated by the discharge centering shaft, the center of the center shaft hole of the workpiece is determined by utilizing the principle in machine tool division, and the discharge centering shaft is moved to the position of the center shaft hole;

s4, the Z-axis servo sliding table drives the circular runout detection mechanism to continuously move downwards, so that the inner hole circular runout measurement assembly is located in a central shaft hole of the workpiece, the outer circular runout measurement assembly is located on the outer side of the outer circular surface of the workpiece, and a measurement head of the inner hole circular runout measurement assembly is respectively adjusted to be in contact with the inner wall of the central shaft hole and a measurement head of the outer circular runout measurement assembly is respectively adjusted to be in contact with the outer wall of the outer circular surface;

s5, the Z-axis servo sliding table drives the circular runout detection mechanism to move from top to bottom or from bottom to top, meanwhile, the speed reduction motor drives the rotating frame to rotate, the inner hole circular runout measurement assembly and the outer circular runout measurement assembly are used for synchronously carrying out circular runout measurement on the central shaft hole and the outer circular surface of the workpiece, measurement data are fed back to a computer detection system, the central shaft hole and the outer circular surface outline of the workpiece are drawn through the computer detection system, and coaxiality data of the central shaft hole and the outer circular surface outline of the workpiece are obtained.

Further, the principle of the machine tool in step S3 is specifically:

s3-1, the discharge servo control system controls the cross servo sliding table to drive the workpiece to move in the X-axis direction, discharge signals of two positions of the discharge centering shaft in the X-axis direction and a central shaft hole of the workpiece are utilized to determine the chord length of the central shaft hole in the X-axis direction, and the discharge centering shaft is controlled to move to the center of the chord length of the X-axis;

and S3-2, controlling the cross servo sliding table to drive the workpiece to move in the Y-axis direction by the discharge servo control system, determining the chord length of the central shaft hole in the Y-axis direction by using discharge signals of the discharge centering shaft in the Y-axis direction and the central shaft hole of the workpiece, and controlling the discharge centering shaft to move to the center of the chord length of the Y-axis, namely the center of the central shaft hole of the workpiece.

Furthermore, the X-axis hoisting and rotating mechanism comprises an X-axis hoisting and rotating guide rail, two X-axis hoisting and rotating screw rods and an X-axis hoisting and rotating nut seat, the two X-axis hoisting and rotating guide rails are arranged on two sides of the top of the frame main body in parallel along the X-axis direction, the X-axis hoisting and rotating screw rods and the X-axis hoisting and rotating guide rails are arranged on the top of the frame main body in parallel, the X-axis hoisting and rotating nut seat is in threaded connection with the X-axis hoisting and rotating screw rods, and one end of the X-axis hoisting and rotating screw rods is in transmission connection with an X-axis driving motor;

the Y-axis hoisting and rotating mechanism comprises a Y-axis hoisting and rotating support, a Y-axis hoisting and rotating screw rod and an X-direction roller, two ends of the Y-axis hoisting and rotating support are mounted on X-axis hoisting and rotating guide rails on the corresponding side through the X-direction roller, the Y-axis hoisting and rotating support is fixedly connected with an X-axis hoisting and rotating nut seat, two opposite Y-axis hoisting and rotating guide rails are arranged on the Y-axis hoisting and rotating support along the Y-axis direction, the Y-axis hoisting and rotating screw rod and the Y-axis hoisting and rotating guide rails are mounted on the Y-axis hoisting and rotating support in parallel, and one end of the Y-axis hoisting and rotating screw rod is in transmission connection with a Y-axis driving motor;

z axle elevating system includes Z axle lifting support, Z axle lift lead screw, Z axle lift nut seat, Y to gyro wheel and Z axle lift guide arm, the upper end of Z axle lifting support is installed on the Y axle of corresponding side hangs the commentaries on classics guide rail through Y to the gyro wheel to hang commentaries on classics lead screw threaded connection with the Y axle, the vertical installation of Z axle lift lead screw is on Z axle lifting support, and the one end and the transmission of Z axle driving motor of Z axle lift lead screw are connected, Z axle lift guide arm is installed on Z axle lifting support with Z axle lift lead screw parallelly, Z axle lift nut seat slidable mounting is on Z axle lift guide arm, and Z axle lift nut seat and Z axle lift lead screw threaded connection, the arm is installed on Z axle lift nut seat.

Furthermore, the mechanical arm comprises a first rotating joint and a second rotating joint, the Z-axis lifting mechanism is connected with the lifting appliance claw head sequentially through the first rotating joint and the second rotating joint, and the rotating directions of the first rotating joint and the second rotating joint are perpendicular to each other.

Furthermore, the first rotary joint comprises a first joint seat and a first joint linear driver, the second rotary joint comprises a second joint seat and a second joint linear driver, the first joint seat is mounted on the Z-axis lifting mechanism, the second joint seat is hinged with the first joint seat, one end of the first joint linear driver is hinged on the first joint seat, the other end of the first joint linear driver is hinged on the second joint seat, and the first joint linear driver moves in a stretching manner to drive the second joint seat to rotate relative to the first joint seat; the second joint seat is hinged with a rear seat of the lifting appliance claw head, one end of the second joint linear driver is hinged with the second joint seat, the other end of the second joint linear driver is hinged on the rear seat, and the rear seat is driven by the second joint linear driver to rotate relative to the second joint seat in a telescopic motion mode.

Furthermore, the expansion mechanism comprises an expansion driver, a connecting plate, movable wedge blocks, expansion blocks and a reset elastic piece, wherein one end of the expansion driver is installed on the rear seat, the other end of the expansion driver is installed on the connecting plate, at least two movable wedge blocks are uniformly arranged on the connecting plate in the circumferential direction, one end of the outer cylinder is provided with an outer cylinder end plate, the outer cylinder end plate is provided with an inner sleeve positioned on the inner side of the outer cylinder, and the inner side surface of each movable wedge block is in contact fit with the outer side surface of the inner sleeve; the expansion block is arranged in an expansion block groove in the circumferential direction of the outer barrel, the expansion block corresponds to the movable wedge block in position, the movable wedge block is matched with the expansion block in an inclined plane, the movable wedge block is driven by the expansion driver to press down to control the expansion block to expand outwards, and the reset elastic piece is arranged between the inner wall of the outer barrel and the corresponding expansion block and used for contraction resetting of the expansion block.

Furthermore, the jack catch mechanism includes jack catch flexible driver, parallel four-bar linkage, diagonal brace, jack catch connecting rod and terminal surface jack catch, the bottom at the urceolus is connected to the one end of the flexible driver of jack catch, the cylinder body periphery of the flexible driver of jack catch is equipped with two sets of parallel four-bar linkage at least, and the outside correspondence of every group parallel four-bar linkage is equipped with the jack catch connecting rod, be equipped with the spout with the rod end sliding fit of parallel four-bar linkage on the jack catch connecting rod, the terminal surface jack catch is fixed to be located the lower extreme of jack catch connecting rod, and terminal surface jack catch and urceolus radial sliding fit, the drive end of the flexible driver of jack catch passes through the diagonal brace and is connected with the parallel four-bar linkage transmission that corresponds, the flexible driver of jack catch drives the terminal surface jack catch that corresponds at the lower extreme concertina movement of urceolus through parallel four-bar linkage.

Furthermore, still including locating the work piece rack of hoisting frame top below, the seat is put including support frame and activity to the work piece rack, the upper portion of support frame is equipped with the slip track, the seat is put in the activity is equipped with a plurality of on the slip track with sliding, the seat is put in the activity includes the balladeur train and is used for putting the spacing frame of bearing of work piece, the both ends slidable mounting of balladeur train is on the slip track of corresponding side, the spacing frame of bearing is installed on the balladeur train with rotating for the work piece of putting on the spacing frame of bearing can rotate and change the machined surface.

Furthermore, the inner hole circle run-out measuring assembly comprises a sliding block, an inner hole measuring and adjusting screw rod, an inner hole measuring guide rod, an adjusting knob and an inner hole measuring dial indicator, wherein a middle mounting plate is arranged at the middle lower part of the rotating frame, the sliding block is horizontally mounted at the lower part of the middle mounting plate through the inner hole measuring guide rod, the inner hole measuring and adjusting screw rod and the inner hole measuring guide rod are mounted at the lower part of the middle mounting plate in parallel, the inner hole measuring and adjusting screw rod is in threaded connection with the sliding block, the adjusting knob is arranged at one end of the inner hole measuring and adjusting screw rod, and the inner hole measuring dial indicator is mounted on the sliding block;

the excircle circle run-out measuring assembly comprises a sliding adjusting frame, an excircle measuring and adjusting screw rod, an excircle measuring guide rod, an adjusting hand wheel, a rotating adjusting frame, a lock button and an excircle measuring dial indicator, wherein the sliding adjusting frame is horizontally and slidably installed on the rotating frame through the excircle measuring guide rod;

the excircle circle runout measuring component is respectively provided with a group at two ends of the rotating frame.

3. Advantageous effects

Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme provided by the invention has the following remarkable effects:

(1) The invention relates to a complete set of machining and detecting production equipment for heavy wheel parts, which comprises a hoisting frame, a mechanical arm, a lifting appliance claw head, a machining device and a detecting device, wherein the hoisting frame can drive the lifting appliance claw head to horizontally move in the X-axis and Y-axis directions and lift and move in the Z-axis direction; in addition, in the detection device, a discharge servo control system is used for controlling the movement of the workpiece on the cross servo sliding table, the discharge centering shaft and the inner wall of the central shaft hole of the workpiece are close to discharge to determine the coordinate positions of an X axis and a Y axis, the center position of the central shaft hole can be rapidly determined by utilizing the principle in machine tool division, and the measuring precision of the circular runout of the machined surface is improved; in addition, the circle run-out precision of the central shaft hole and the outer circular surface is measured simultaneously by taking the axis of the central shaft hole as a reference, the coaxiality of the central shaft hole and the outer circular surface can be reflected, and the manufacturing precision and the product percent of pass of the heavy wheel parts are further ensured;

(2) According to the complete set of machining and detecting production equipment for the heavy wheel parts, the X-axis coordinate and the Y-axis coordinate are determined through the discharge signal generated by the discharge centering shaft, the center of a center shaft hole of a workpiece is determined by utilizing the principle of machine tool division, the center shaft hole of the workpiece and the rotating axis of the rotating frame can be moved to be coaxial quickly and automatically, the centering of the workpiece is simple and quick, the centering is accurate, and the measuring precision of a machined surface is ensured; the circle run-out detection mechanism is driven by the Z-axis servo sliding table to move from top to bottom or from bottom to top, meanwhile, the speed reduction motor drives the rotating frame to rotate, so that the inner hole circle run-out measurement assembly and the outer circle run-out measurement assembly synchronously carry out spiral measurement on the central shaft hole and the outer circle surface of the workpiece, a three-dimensional detection model is formed by a computer detection system, the coaxiality data of the profiles of the central shaft hole and the outer circle surface of the workpiece are obtained, and the circle run-out and coaxiality measurement accuracy is further improved;

(3) According to the complete production equipment for machining and detecting the heavy wheel parts, the X-axis hoisting mechanism, the Y-axis hoisting mechanism and the Z-axis lifting mechanism are all screw rod transmission mechanisms, so that the motion stability is good, the accurate control of the moving position is facilitated, and the actual operation is facilitated;

(4) According to the complete set of machining and detecting production equipment for the heavy wheel parts, the mechanical arm comprises the first rotating joint and the second rotating joint, the rotating directions of the first rotating joint and the second rotating joint are perpendicular, a double-joint mechanical arm design is adopted, the jaw head of the lifting appliance can be flexibly converted in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction, and the workpieces can be conveniently and stably assembled and disassembled quickly; in addition, the rotary joint is controlled by adopting a joint seat and a joint linear driver, so that the structural design is simple and compact, and the control is convenient;

(5) According to the complete production equipment for machining and detecting the heavy wheel parts, the expansion mechanism adopts the expansion driver to drive the movable wedge block to push the corresponding expansion block, so that the expansion block can be in expansion connection with the inner wall of the central shaft hole of the workpiece, the workpiece is grabbed, the structure is simple and compact, and the expansion is stable and firm;

(6) According to the complete set of machining and detecting production equipment for heavy wheel parts, the jaw mechanism adopts the jaw telescopic driver to drive the parallel four-bar linkage to perform stretching and retracting movement, so that the end face jaw can perform telescopic movement at the lower end of the outer cylinder, the end face of a product can be clamped from the end part, and the workpiece grabbing reliability and safety are improved;

(7) The complete production equipment for machining and detecting heavy wheel parts further comprises a workpiece placing frame arranged below the top of the hoisting frame, wherein the workpiece placing frame comprises a supporting frame and a movable placing seat, a sliding rail is arranged at the upper part of the supporting frame, a plurality of movable placing seats are arranged on the sliding rail in a sliding manner, each movable placing seat comprises a sliding frame and a bearing limiting frame used for placing workpieces, two ends of each sliding frame are arranged on the sliding rails on the corresponding sides in a sliding manner, the bearing limiting frames are rotatably arranged on the sliding frames, the workpieces can be placed orderly by using the workpiece placing frame, the workpieces are stably positioned and are not prone to rolling or toppling, and the workpiece placing safety is improved; moreover, the workpiece placed on the bearing limiting frame can rotate, so that the processing surface of the workpiece can be changed conveniently;

(8) According to the complete production equipment for machining and detecting heavy wheel parts, the inner hole circular runout measuring assembly comprises the sliding block, the inner hole measuring and adjusting screw rod, the inner hole measuring guide rod, the adjusting knob and the inner hole measuring dial indicator, the outer circle circular runout measuring assembly comprises the sliding adjusting frame, the outer circle measuring and adjusting screw rod, the outer circle measuring guide rod, the adjusting hand wheel, the rotating adjusting frame, the locking knob and the outer circle measuring dial indicator, and by adopting the circular runout measuring assembly, the measuring position of the measuring dial indicator can be flexibly adjusted, and the measuring stability is guaranteed; and, excircle circle measuring component that beats respectively is equipped with a set ofly at the both ends of rotating the alignment jig, can guarantee whole detection device's steady, has further guaranteed measuring result's accuracy.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a complete set of equipment for machining and inspecting heavy wheel parts according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is an angled view of the hoist jaw head on the lifting frame of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is another schematic view of the angle of the head of the hoist fingers on the lifting frame of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the installation structure of the lifting tool jaw head on the Z-axis lifting mechanism;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a connection structure of a mechanical arm and a lifting appliance claw head in the invention;

fig. 6 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the gripper head of the spreader according to the present invention;

fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of an expansion mechanism inside a hanger claw head in the invention;

fig. 8 is a schematic structural view of a jaw mechanism inside a spreader jaw head according to the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the workpiece placing rack and the lifting tool jaw in a matching state;

FIG. 10 is a schematic view of a workpiece holder according to the present invention;

FIG. 11 is a perspective view of the detecting device of the present invention;

FIG. 12 is a schematic perspective view of another embodiment of the detecting device of the present invention;

fig. 13 is a schematic perspective view of the circular runout detecting mechanism of the present invention.

The reference numbers in the schematic drawings illustrate:

100. a hoisting frame; 11. a frame main body; 12. an X-axis hoisting mechanism; 121. an X-axis hoisting guide rail; 122. an X-axis hoisting and rotating screw rod; 123. an X-axis hanging and rotating nut seat; 13. a Y-axis hoisting mechanism; 131. a Y-axis hoisting and rotating bracket; 132. a Y-axis hoisting and rotating screw rod; 133. an X-direction roller; 14. a Z-axis lifting mechanism; 141. a Z-axis lifting support; 142. a Z-axis lifting screw rod; 143. a Z-axis lifting nut seat; 144. a Y-direction roller; 145. a Z-axis lifting guide rod;

200. a mechanical arm; 21. a first revolute joint; 211. a first joint seat; 212. a first joint linear actuator; 22. a second revolute joint; 221. a second joint seat; 222. a second joint linear actuator;

300. a hoist jaw; 31. a rear seat; 32. an outer cylinder; 321. an outer cylinder end plate; 322. an inner sleeve; 33. an expansion mechanism; 331. expanding the driver; 332. a connecting plate; 333. a movable wedge block; 334. a limiting baffle; 335. expanding and tightening blocks; 336. a restoring elastic member; 34. a jaw mechanism; 341. a jaw extension driver; 342. a parallel four-bar linkage; 343. a diagonal brace; 344. a jaw connecting rod; 344a, a chute; 345. an end face jaw;

400. a machining device;

500. a detection device; 51. a base; 52. an X-axis servo sliding table; 521. an X-axis slide stage base; 522. an X-axis slide table; 523. an X-axis servo motor; 53. a Y-axis servo sliding table; 531. a Y-axis slide table; 532. a Y-axis servo motor; 54. a workpiece mounting seat; 55. a Z-axis servo sliding table; 551. a Z-axis sliding table mounting base; 552. a Z-axis lifting seat; 553. a Z-axis servo motor; 56. a circular runout detection mechanism; 561. a reduction motor; 562. a rotating frame; 5621. a middle mounting plate; 5622. a discharge centering shaft; 563. an inner hole circular run-out measuring assembly; 5631. a slider; 5632. an inner hole measuring and adjusting screw rod; 5633. an inner bore measurement guide rod; 5634. adjusting a knob; 5635. an inner hole measuring dial indicator; 564. the excircle circular runout measuring component; 5641. a sliding adjustment frame; 5642. an excircle measurement adjusting screw rod; 5643. an outer circle measuring guide rod; 5644. adjusting a hand wheel; 5645. rotating the adjusting frame; 5646. a lock knob; 5647. measuring the outer circle by a dial gauge;

600. a workpiece placing rack; 61. a support frame; 611. a sliding track; 62. a movable placing seat; 621. a carriage; 622. a carriage roller; 623. supporting a limiting frame;

700. and (5) a workpiece.

Detailed Description

For a further understanding of the invention, reference should be made to the following detailed description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples.

[ examples ]

Referring to fig. 1, the complete set of heavy wheel parts machining and detecting production equipment of this embodiment includes a lifting frame 100, a mechanical arm 200, a lifting claw 300, a machining device 400, and a detecting device 500, where the machining device 400 and the detecting device 500 are respectively disposed below the top of the lifting frame 100, the top of the lifting frame 100 is provided with an X-axis lifting mechanism 12, a Y-axis lifting mechanism 13, and a Z-axis lifting mechanism 14, the Z-axis lifting mechanism 14 can be driven by the X-axis lifting mechanism 12 and the Y-axis lifting mechanism 13 to move along the X-axis and Y-axis directions at the top of the lifting frame 100, and the lifting claw 300 is mounted on the Z-axis lifting mechanism 14 through the mechanical arm 200, and can be driven by the Z-axis lifting mechanism 14 and the mechanical arm 200 to lift along the Z-axis and change the direction of the claw. The hoisting frame 100 comprises a frame body 11, an X-axis hoisting mechanism 12 can be arranged at the top of the frame body 11, a Y-axis hoisting mechanism 13 is in transmission connection with the X-axis hoisting mechanism 12, the X-axis hoisting mechanism 12 drives the Y-axis hoisting mechanism 13 to move along the X-axis direction, a Z-axis lifting mechanism 14 can be arranged on the Y-axis hoisting mechanism 13, and the Y-axis hoisting mechanism 13 drives the Z-axis lifting mechanism 14 to move along the Y-axis direction.

Referring to fig. 5 and 6, the lifting tool jaw head 300 includes a rear seat 31, an outer cylinder 32, an expanding mechanism 33 and a jaw mechanism 34, the expanding mechanism 33 and the jaw mechanism 34 are respectively disposed in a cylinder composed of the rear seat 31 and the outer cylinder 32, the expanding mechanism 33 has a plurality of expanding blocks 335 capable of moving telescopically on the outer wall of the cylinder, and the jaw mechanism 34 has a plurality of end face jaws 345 capable of moving telescopically on the front end of the cylinder. During hoisting, the lifting appliance claw head 300 extends into a central shaft hole of a workpiece, and the expansion block 335 expands outwards to abut against the inner wall of the central shaft hole, so that the workpiece can be hoisted; the end face jaws 345 of the jaw mechanism 34 can extend radially out of the end of the outer cylinder 32 to grip the end face of the workpiece and prevent the workpiece from slipping. By adopting the lifting appliance claw head 300, a workpiece is grabbed by using the lifting appliance claw head with the expansion mechanism and the claw mechanism, the workpiece lifting stability and safety are improved by the dual grabbing design of the expansion mechanism and the claw mechanism, the moving position and the claw head direction of the lifting appliance claw head can be flexibly controlled by matching a lifting frame and a mechanical arm, and meanwhile, a machining device and a detection device are arranged together, so that the flexibility and the convenience of workpiece transfer are improved. Specifically, as shown in fig. 7, the expansion mechanism 33 includes an expansion driver 331, a connecting plate 332, two movable wedges 333, an expansion block 335, and a return elastic member 336, one end of the expansion driver 331 is mounted on the rear seat 31, the other end of the expansion driver 331 is mounted on the connecting plate 332, at least two movable wedges 333 are uniformly arranged in the circumferential direction of the connecting plate 332, for example, four movable wedges 333 are provided in this embodiment, one end of the outer cylinder 32 is provided with an outer cylinder end plate 321, the outer cylinder end plate 321 is provided with an inner sleeve 322 located inside the outer cylinder 32, the inner side surfaces of the movable wedges 333 are in contact fit with the outer side surfaces of the inner sleeve 322, and the inner sleeve 322 can radially support the movable wedges 333. The expansion block 335 is arranged in an expansion block groove on the circumferential direction of the outer cylinder 32, the expansion block 335 corresponds to the movable wedge 333, the movable wedge 333 is matched with the expansion block 335 by an inclined surface, the movable wedge 333 is driven by the expansion driver 331 to press down to control the expansion block 335 to expand outwards, and the reset elastic part 336 is arranged between the inner wall of the outer cylinder 32 and the corresponding expansion block 335 and is used for contraction resetting of the expansion block 335. In order to facilitate the limit between the expansion block 335 and the corresponding movable wedge 333, limit baffles 334 are further provided on both sides of the movable wedge 333, and the expansion block 335 can be limited from both sides. By adopting the expansion mechanism 33, the structure is simple and compact, and the expansion is stable and firm. As shown in fig. 8, the jaw mechanism 34 includes a jaw extension driver 341, four parallel links 342, an inclined strut 343, a jaw connecting rod 344 and an end face jaw 345, one end of the jaw extension driver 341 is connected to the bottom of the outer cylinder 32, at least two sets of four parallel links 342 are disposed on the periphery of the cylinder of the jaw extension driver 341, in this embodiment, four sets of four parallel links 342 are disposed, a jaw connecting rod 344 is correspondingly disposed on the outer side of each set of four parallel links 342, a sliding slot 344a slidably engaged with the rod end of the four parallel links 342 is disposed on the jaw connecting rod 344, the end face jaw 345 is fixedly disposed at the lower end of the jaw connecting rod 344, the end face jaw 345 is slidably engaged with the outer cylinder 32 in the radial direction, the driving end of the jaw extension driver 341 is drivingly connected with the corresponding four parallel links 342 through the inclined strut 343, and the jaw extension driver 341 drives the corresponding end face jaw 345 to extend and retract at the lower end of the outer cylinder 32 through the four parallel links 342. The expansion driver 331 and the jaw extension driver 341 are preferably electric push rods or oil cylinders. When the lifting appliance is used, a workpiece 700 is erected on the ground, the lifting appliance claw head 300 is adjusted to the horizontal direction through the mechanical arm 200, the lifting appliance claw head 300 is driven to penetrate into a middle lower shaft hole of the workpiece 700 by the X-axis lifting mechanism 12, the Y-axis lifting mechanism 13 and the Z-axis lifting mechanism 14, and the front end of the lifting appliance claw head 300 slightly extends out of the workpiece 700 (as shown in the state of fig. 2); the expansion driver 331 and the jaw extension driver 341 are started to enable the expansion block 335 to expand outwards and abut against the inner wall of the central shaft hole of the workpiece 700, and meanwhile, the end face jaw 345 extends out of the outer cylinder 32 and is clamped at the end face of the workpiece 700, so that the workpiece 700 is prevented from falling off from the outer cylinder 32, and the workpiece hoisting stability is ensured. After the workpiece 700 is grabbed by the lifting tool claw head 300, the robot arm 200 can drive the workpiece 700 to be switched to a horizontal position (as shown in fig. 3), and simultaneously, the workpiece 700 is driven to be transferred by the X-axis lifting mechanism 12, the Y-axis lifting mechanism 13 and the Z-axis lifting mechanism 14, so that the workpiece 700 is conveniently transferred between the machining device 400 and the detection device 500. The claw mechanism 34 can clamp the end face of a product from the end part, and the workpiece grabbing reliability and safety are improved.

Referring to fig. 11 and 12, the detecting device 500 includes a cross servo sliding table, a workpiece mounting seat 54, a Z-axis servo sliding table 55, a circular runout detecting mechanism 56, and a discharge servo control system, wherein the workpiece mounting seat 54 is fixed on the cross servo sliding table and can be driven by the cross servo sliding table to move in two directions of an X axis and a Y axis, and the circular runout detecting mechanism 56 is mounted on the Z-axis servo sliding table 55 and can drive the circular runout detecting mechanism 56 to move up and down. The circular runout detection mechanism 56 is provided with a speed reducing motor 561, a rotating frame 562, an inner hole circular runout measuring assembly 563 and an outer circle circular runout measuring assembly 564, the rotating frame 562 is positioned above the workpiece mounting seat 54, the speed reducing motor 561 is in transmission connection with the rotating frame 562, a rotating shaft is arranged at the center of the rotating frame 562, the rotating shaft of the rotating frame 562 is installed on the Z-axis servo sliding table 55 through a bearing, the speed reducing motor 561 can drive the rotating frame 562 to rotate, the inner hole circular runout measuring assembly 563 is installed in the middle of the rotating frame 562, the outer circle circular runout measuring assembly 564 is installed at the end of the rotating frame 562, a discharge centering shaft 5622 coaxial with the rotating axis of the rotating frame 562 is arranged below the rotating frame 562, the discharge centering shaft 5622 is electrically connected with a discharge servo control system and used for feeding a discharge signal back to the discharge servo control system, and the discharge servo control system is in communication connection with the cross servo sliding table and used for controlling the workpiece mounting seat 54 to move and center in the X-axis and Y-axis directions. The measurement method of the detection apparatus 500 is as follows:

s1, the lifting frame 100 and the mechanical arm 200 drive the lifting appliance claw head 300 to place the machined workpiece 700 on the workpiece mounting seat 54 for positioning, so that the workpiece 700 is fixed on the cross servo sliding table, and the cross servo sliding table drives the workpiece 700 to move along the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction.

S2, the Z-axis servo slide 55 drives the circular runout detection mechanism 56 to move downward, so that the discharging centering shaft 5622 extends into the central axial hole of the workpiece 700.

S3, the discharge servo control system controls the cross servo sliding table to drive the workpiece 700 to move in the X-axis and Y-axis directions, the X-axis and Y-axis coordinates are determined through a discharge signal generated by the discharge centering shaft 5622, the center of the center shaft hole of the workpiece 700 is determined by utilizing the principle of machine tool in situ, and the discharge centering shaft 5622 is made to move to the position of the center shaft hole; the machine tool adopts the following principle:

s3-1, controlling the cross servo sliding table to drive the workpiece 700 to move in the X-axis direction by the aid of the discharging servo control system, determining chord length of a central shaft hole in the X-axis direction by means of two discharging signals of the discharging centering shaft 5622 in the X-axis direction and the central shaft hole of the workpiece 700, and controlling the discharging centering shaft 5622 to move to the center of the chord length of the X-axis;

s3-2, the discharge servo control system controls the cross servo sliding table to drive the workpiece 700 to move in the Y-axis direction, the discharge signals of the discharge centering shaft 5622 in the Y-axis direction and the center shaft hole of the workpiece 700 are used for determining the chord length of the center shaft hole in the Y-axis direction, the chord in the Y-axis direction is the diameter of the center shaft hole, and the discharge centering shaft 5622 is controlled to move to the center of the chord length of the Y-axis, namely the center of the center shaft hole of the workpiece 700.

S4, the Z-axis servo sliding table 55 drives the circular runout detection mechanism 56 to continuously move downwards, so that the inner hole circular runout measurement assembly 563 is located in a central shaft hole of the workpiece 700, the outer circular runout measurement assembly 564 is located on the outer side of the outer circular surface of the workpiece 700, and a measurement head of the inner hole circular runout measurement assembly 563 is respectively adjusted to be in contact with the inner wall of the central shaft hole and a measurement head of the outer circular runout measurement assembly 564 is respectively adjusted to be in contact with the outer wall of the outer circular surface;

s5, the Z-axis servo sliding table 55 drives the circular runout detection mechanism 56 to move from top to bottom or from bottom to top, meanwhile, the speed reduction motor 561 drives the rotating frame 562 to rotate, the inner hole circular runout measurement assembly 563 and the outer circular runout measurement assembly 564 are used for synchronously carrying out circular runout measurement on the central axis hole and the outer circular runout surface of the workpiece 700, measurement data are fed back to a computer detection system, the central axis hole and the outer circular runout surface profile of the workpiece 700 are drawn through the computer detection system, and coaxiality data of the central axis hole and the outer circular runout surface profile of the workpiece 700 are obtained. The circle runout detection mechanism 56 is driven by the Z-axis servo sliding table 55 to move from top to bottom or from bottom to top, meanwhile, the speed reduction motor 561 drives the rotating frame 562 to rotate, the inner hole circle runout measurement assembly 563 and the outer circle runout measurement assembly 564 synchronously carry out spiral measurement on the central shaft hole and the outer circular surface of the workpiece 700, preferably, a remote digital display dial indicator is adopted by the inner hole measurement dial indicator 5635 and the outer circle runout measurement dial indicator 5647, measurement data of the inner hole measurement dial indicator 565 and the outer circle runout measurement dial indicator 5647 and position data of the Z-axis servo sliding table 55 are fed back to the computer detection system, the computer detection system can draw the inner and outer surface profiles of the workpiece 700 according to the detection data and the position signals, a three-dimensional detection model is generated by the computer detection system, coaxiality data of the central shaft hole and the outer circular surface profiles of the workpiece are obtained, and the circle runout and coaxiality measurement accuracy is further improved. The technical principle of generating the three-dimensional detection model by the computer detection system is the prior art, and the rough inner and outer profiles can be simulated through the spiral walking path and the measurement data of the inner hole circular run-out measurement component 563 and the outer circle run-out measurement component 564, so that the coaxiality of the inner and outer profiles can be obtained.

In the detection device 500, a discharge servo control system is used for controlling the movement of the workpiece on the cross servo sliding table, the discharge centering shaft 5622 is used for discharging close to the inner wall of the central shaft hole of the workpiece to determine the coordinate positions of an X axis and a Y axis, the center position of the central shaft hole can be rapidly determined by utilizing the principle of machine tool division, and the measuring precision of the circular runout of the machined surface is improved; in addition, the circular runout precision of the central shaft hole and the outer circular surface is measured simultaneously by taking the axis of the central shaft hole as a reference, the coaxiality of the central shaft hole and the outer circular surface can be reflected, and the manufacturing precision and the product percent of pass of the heavy wheel parts are further ensured.

As shown in fig. 12 and 13, in this embodiment, the inner hole circular runout measuring assembly 563 includes a sliding block 5631, an inner hole measuring adjusting screw 5632, an inner hole measuring guide rod 5633, an adjusting knob 5634 and an inner hole measuring dial gauge 5635, the middle lower portion of the rotating frame 562 is provided with a middle mounting plate 5621, the sliding block 5631 is horizontally mounted on the lower portion of the middle mounting plate 5621 through the inner hole measuring guide rod 5633, the inner hole measuring adjusting screw 5632 is mounted on the lower portion of the middle mounting plate 5621 in parallel with the inner hole measuring guide rod 5633, the inner hole measuring adjusting screw 5632 is in threaded connection with the sliding block 5631, the adjusting knob 5634 is disposed at one end of the inner hole measuring adjusting screw 5632, and the inner hole measuring dial gauge 5635 is mounted on the sliding block 5631. Utilize adjust knob 5634 to drive hole measurement accommodate screw 5632 and rotate, and then drive slider 5631 and measure the guide bar 5633 along the hole and move, realize the position control between hole measurement amesdial 5635 and the work piece central axis hole to the realization is beated the measurement of center pin hole circle. The excircle run-out measuring assembly 564 comprises a sliding adjusting frame 5641, an excircle measuring and adjusting screw 5642, an excircle measuring guide rod 5643, an adjusting hand wheel 5644, a rotating adjusting frame 5645, a lock button 5646 and an excircle measuring dial 5647, wherein the sliding adjusting frame 5641 is horizontally and slidably installed on the rotating frame 562 through the excircle measuring guide rod 5643, the excircle measuring and adjusting screw 5642 and the excircle measuring guide rod 5643 are installed on the rotating frame 562 in parallel, the adjusting hand wheel 5644 is arranged at one end of the excircle measuring and adjusting screw 5642, the sliding adjusting frame 5641 is slidably installed on the excircle measuring guide rod 5643, the sliding adjusting frame 5641 is in threaded connection with the excircle measuring and adjusting screw 5642, the rotating adjusting frame 5645 is in rotating connection with the lower end of the excircle measuring and adjusting frame 5641 through the lock button 5646, and the excircle measuring dial 5647 is installed on the rotating adjusting frame 5645. The sliding adjusting frame 5641 can be driven to move on the rotating frame 562 through the adjusting hand wheel 5644, the position of the rotating adjusting frame 5645 relative to the sliding adjusting frame 5641 can be locked and fixed through the lock button 5646, and the position adjustment of the outer circle measuring dial indicator 5647 is facilitated. By adopting the circular runout measuring assembly, the measuring position of the measuring dial indicator can be flexibly adjusted, and the measuring stability is ensured. In addition, the excircle run-out measuring components 564 are respectively provided with a group at two ends of the rotating frame 562, and the two groups of excircle run-out measuring components 564 are opposite, so that the stability of the whole detection device can be ensured, and the accuracy of a measuring result is further ensured. In the specific detection process, after the discharge centering shaft 5622 moves to the center of the central shaft hole of the workpiece 700, the positions of the inner hole measuring dial gauge 5635 and the position of the outer circle measuring dial gauge 5647 are respectively adjusted, so that the contact of the inner hole measuring dial gauge 5635 contacts the inner wall of the central shaft hole of the workpiece 700, the contact of the outer circle measuring dial gauge 5647 contacts the outer circular surface of the workpiece 700, and the inner hole measuring dial gauge 5635 and the outer circle measuring dial gauge 5647 are calibrated to be zero; then, the gear motor 561 drives the rotating frame 562 to rotate slowly, the Z-axis servo sliding table 55 drives the circular runout detection mechanism 56 to move from top to bottom or from bottom to top, the internal hole measurement dial gauge 5635 and the external circle measurement dial gauge 5647 remotely transmit real-time measurement data to the computer detection system and display the data on a screen, and whether the precision range is allowed or not is judged.

In this embodiment, the cross servo sliding table includes an X-axis servo sliding table 52 and a Y-axis servo sliding table 53, the X-axis servo sliding table 52 includes an X-axis sliding table base 521, an X-axis sliding table 522 and an X-axis servo motor 523, the X-axis sliding table base 521 is mounted on the base 51, a lower end of the X-axis sliding table 522 is in sliding fit with the X-axis sliding table base 521 along the X-axis direction, the X-axis sliding table base 521 is in transmission connection with the X-axis sliding table 522 along the X-axis direction by using a ball screw mechanism, and the X-axis servo motor 523 drives the ball screw mechanism to control the position adjustment of the X-axis sliding table 522. The Y-axis servo sliding table 53 includes a Y-axis sliding table 531 and a Y-axis servo motor 532, the lower end of the Y-axis sliding table 531 is in sliding fit with the X-axis sliding table 522 along the Y-axis direction, the Y-axis sliding table 531 is in transmission connection with the X-axis sliding table 522 along the Y-axis direction through a ball screw mechanism, and the Y-axis servo motor 532 drives the ball screw mechanism to control the position adjustment of the Y-axis sliding table 531. The Z-axis servo sliding table 55 comprises a Z-axis sliding table mounting seat 551, a Z-axis lifting seat 552 and a Z-axis servo motor 553, wherein the Z-axis sliding table mounting seat 551 is vertically arranged, the lower end of the Z-axis sliding table mounting seat 551 is fixed at the rear end of the X-axis sliding table base 521, the Z-axis lifting seat 552 is vertically and slidably mounted on the Z-axis sliding table mounting seat 551, the Z-axis lifting seat 552 is in transmission connection with the Z-axis sliding table mounting seat 551 along the Z-axis direction through a ball screw mechanism, the Z-axis servo motor 553 drives the ball screw mechanism, and the vertical position adjustment of the Z-axis lifting seat 552 is controlled.

Specifically, in this embodiment, the control of the cross servo slide and the Z-axis servo slide 55 by the discharge servo control system is similar to that of the existing electric discharge machine, and the detection device 500 may be formed by directly modifying the existing electric discharge machine, that is, the electric discharge machining assembly of the electric discharge machine is replaced by the circular runout detection mechanism 56. The discharging servo control system adopts a self-contained control system of the electric spark machine tool, and when the center of the center shaft hole of the workpiece 700 is determined, the center of the center shaft hole of the workpiece 700 can be automatically found by directly utilizing the self-contained system of the electric spark machine tool.

As shown in fig. 2 to 4, in the present embodiment, the X-axis hanging and rotating mechanism 12 includes an X-axis hanging and rotating guide rail 121, an X-axis hanging and rotating screw rod 122 and an X-axis hanging and rotating nut seat 123, two X-axis hanging and rotating guide rails 121 are arranged in parallel on two sides of the top of the frame body 11 along the X-axis direction, the X-axis hanging and rotating guide rails 121 can adopt a "u" -shaped cross-section design, the opening directions of the two X-axis hanging and rotating guide rails 121 are opposite, the X-axis hanging and rotating screw rod 122 and the X-axis hanging and rotating guide rail 121 are installed in parallel on the top of the frame body 11, the X-axis hanging and rotating nut seat 123 is in threaded connection with the X-axis hanging and rotating screw rod 122, and one end of the X-axis hanging and rotating screw rod 122 is in transmission connection with the X-axis driving motor; the X-axis driving motor drives the X-axis hoisting and rotating screw rod 122 to rotate, and further drives the X-axis hoisting and rotating nut base 123 to move in the X-axis direction. The Y-axis hanging and rotating mechanism 13 comprises a Y-axis hanging and rotating support 131, a Y-axis hanging and rotating screw rod 132 and an X-direction roller 133, two ends of the Y-axis hanging and rotating support 131 are mounted on the X-axis hanging and rotating guide rail 121 on the corresponding side through the X-direction roller 133, so that the Y-axis hanging and rotating support 131 can move on the X-axis hanging and rotating guide rail 121, the Y-axis hanging and rotating support 131 is fixedly connected with an X-axis hanging and rotating nut seat 123, so that the X-axis hanging and rotating mechanism 12 can drive the Y-axis hanging and rotating support 131 to move, two opposite Y-axis hanging and rotating guide rails are arranged on the Y-axis hanging and rotating support 131 along the Y-axis direction, the Y-axis hanging and rotating screw rod 132 and the Y-axis hanging and rotating guide rail are mounted on the Y-axis hanging and rotating support 131 in parallel, and one end of the Y-axis hanging and rotating screw rod 132 is in transmission connection with a Y-axis driving motor. The Z-axis lifting mechanism 14 comprises a Z-axis lifting support 141, a Z-axis lifting screw 142, a Z-axis lifting nut seat 143, Y-axis rollers 144 and Z-axis lifting guide rods 145, the Y-axis lifting guide rails can adopt a U-shaped cross section design, the opening directions of the two Y-axis lifting guide rails are opposite, the upper end of the Z-axis lifting support 141 is arranged on the Y-axis lifting guide rail on the corresponding side through the Y-axis rollers 144 and is in threaded connection with the Y-axis lifting screw 132, and the Y-axis driving motor drives the Y-axis lifting screw 132 to rotate so as to drive the Z-axis lifting support 141 to move along the Y-axis direction. The Z-axis lifting screw rod 142 is vertically arranged on the Z-axis lifting support 141, one end of the Z-axis lifting screw rod 142 is in transmission connection with a Z-axis driving motor, a Z-axis lifting guide rod 145 and the Z-axis lifting screw rod 142 are arranged on the Z-axis lifting support 141 in parallel, a Z-axis lifting nut seat 143 is slidably arranged on the Z-axis lifting guide rod 145, the Z-axis lifting nut seat 143 is in threaded connection with the Z-axis lifting screw rod 142, and the mechanical arm 200 is arranged on the Z-axis lifting nut seat 143; the Z-axis driving motor drives the Z-axis lifting screw 142 to rotate, and further drives the Z-axis lifting nut base 143 to move up and down along the Z-axis. The X-axis hoisting mechanism 12, the Y-axis hoisting mechanism 13 and the Z-axis lifting mechanism 14 all adopt screw rod transmission mechanisms, so that the motion stability is good, the accurate control of the moving position is facilitated, and the actual operation is facilitated.

As shown in fig. 4 and 5, in the present embodiment, the above-mentioned mechanical arm 200 includes a first rotary joint 21 and a second rotary joint 22, the z-axis lifting mechanism 14 is connected to the spreader jaw 300 through the first rotary joint 21 and the second rotary joint 22 in sequence, and the rotation directions of the first rotary joint 21 and the second rotary joint 22 are perpendicular to each other. The double-joint mechanical arm design is adopted, so that the lifting appliance claw head 300 can be flexibly switched in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction, and the workpiece can be quickly and stably loaded and unloaded conveniently. Specifically, the first rotary joint 21 includes a first joint seat 211 and a first joint linear driver 212, the second rotary joint 22 includes a second joint seat 221 and a second joint linear driver 222, the first joint seat 211 is mounted on the Z-axis lifting mechanism 14, the second joint seat 221 is hinged to the first joint seat 211, one end of the first joint linear driver 212 is hinged to the first joint seat 211, the other end of the first joint linear driver is hinged to the second joint seat 221, and the first joint linear driver 212 performs telescopic motion to drive the second joint seat 221 to rotate relative to the first joint seat 211; the second joint seat 221 is hinged to the rear seat 31 of the lifting device jaw 300, one end of the second joint linear actuator 222 is hinged to the second joint seat 221, the other end is hinged to the rear seat 31, and the second joint linear actuator 222 performs telescopic motion to drive the rear seat 31 to rotate relative to the second joint seat 221. The hinge axis of the first joint seat 211 and the second joint seat 221 is perpendicular to the hinge axis of the rear seat 31. The first joint linear actuator 212 and the second joint linear actuator 222 are preferably heavy-duty electric push rods or oil cylinders. Through the first rotating joint 21 and the second rotating joint 22, the switching of the lifting appliance claw head 300 in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction can be flexibly controlled.

As shown in fig. 1, 9 and 10, the set of heavy wheel type parts machining and detecting production equipment of this embodiment further includes a workpiece placing rack 600 disposed below the top of the lifting frame 100, the workpiece placing rack 600 is located near the machining device 400 and the detecting device 500, and the lifting device claw 300 is used to transfer the workpiece among the machining device 400, the detecting device 500 and the workpiece placing rack 600. The workpiece placing frame 600 comprises a supporting frame 61 and a movable placing seat 62, wherein the upper part of the supporting frame 61 is provided with a sliding rail 611, the sliding rail 611 preferably adopts a U-shaped cross section, and the opening directions of the two sliding rails 611 are opposite. A plurality of movable placing seats 62 are slidably arranged on the sliding rail 611, so that the distance between the movable placing seats 62 can be flexibly adjusted. The movable placing seat 62 is provided with a bearing limiting frame 623 for placing the workpiece 700, the workpiece placing frame can be used for neatly placing the workpiece, the workpiece is stably positioned and is not easy to roll or topple, and the workpiece placing safety is improved. Specifically, the movable placing base 62 includes a carriage 621 and a support limiting frame 623 for placing the workpiece 700, two ends of the carriage 621 are slidably mounted on the sliding rail 611 on the corresponding side, specifically, the carriage 621 is integrally "V" shaped, two ends of the carriage 621 are respectively mounted in the sliding rail 611 on the corresponding side through a carriage roller 622, and the support limiting frame 623 is rotatably mounted on the carriage 621, so that the workpiece 700 placed on the support limiting frame 623 can rotate to replace the processing surface. Limiting plates are arranged on the left side and the right side of the bearing limiting frame 623, the round workpiece 700 can be stably positioned on the bearing limiting frame 623, and positioning is stable and reliable.

For further understanding of the present invention, the working principle of the heavy duty wheel part machining and inspecting plant of the present invention will now be further described with reference to fig. 1 to 13.

A wheel-shaped blank with a central hole is vertically placed on the ground, the lifting frame 100 and the mechanical arm 200 are utilized to drive the lifting appliance claw head 300 to grab the blank, and then the blank is transferred to a machining device 400, the machining device 400 can be a lathe or a milling machine and the like, and the blank is machined on the machining device 400 to form a central shaft hole and an outer circular surface with set dimensions; after machining is complete, the workpiece 700 is transferred to the inspection device 500 assisted by the spreader finger 300. On the detection device 500, the discharge servo control system controls the inner hole circular runout measuring assembly 563 to move downwards, so that the discharge centering shaft 5622 extends into a central shaft hole of the workpiece 700, then the discharge servo control system controls the cross servo sliding table to drive the workpiece 700 to move in the X-axis and Y-axis directions, the X-axis and Y-axis coordinates are determined through a discharge signal generated by the discharge centering shaft 5622, and the center of the central shaft hole is determined by utilizing the automatic centering principle of a machine tool; then, the discharge servo control system controls the Z-axis servo sliding table 55 to drive the circular runout detection mechanism 56 to move downwards continuously, so that the inner hole circular runout measurement assembly 563 is located in the central axial hole of the workpiece 700, the outer circular runout measurement assembly 564 is located outside the outer circular surface of the workpiece 700, and the measurement head of the inner hole circular runout measurement assembly 563 is adjusted to be in contact with the inner wall of the central axial hole and the measurement head of the outer circular runout measurement assembly 564 is adjusted to be in contact with the outer wall of the outer circular surface respectively; the gear motor 561 drives the rotating frame 562 to rotate for a circle, and the inner hole circle run-out measuring assembly 563 and the outer circle run-out measuring assembly 564 are used for synchronously measuring the circle run-out of the central shaft hole and the outer circular surface of the workpiece 700. After the detection is finished, the lifting appliance claw head 300 assists in transferring the workpiece 700 to the workpiece placing frame 600, so that the workpiece 700 is placed in order; further, in the workpiece placing rack 600, the workpiece 700 can be freely rotated, and the workpiece 700 can be turned over so that the processing surface of the workpiece can be replaced. When the conveyed workpiece 700 is horizontally placed on the ground, the mechanical arm 200 can be used for driving the lifting appliance claw head 300 to vertically grab the workpiece 700, at the moment, the expansion mechanism 33 of the lifting appliance claw head 300 works to expand and fix the lifting appliance claw head 300 and the central hole of the workpiece 700, and then the mechanical arm 200 is used for driving the workpiece 700 to rotate to a vertical state and placing the workpiece 700 on the ground; and then, the expansion mechanism 33 is released, so that the lifting appliance claw head 300 further penetrates into the central hole of the workpiece 700, the claw mechanism 34 extends out of the other end face of the workpiece 700, the expansion mechanism 33 expands, the end face claw 345 of the claw mechanism 34 extends out and abuts against the bottom end face of the workpiece 700, the workpiece 700 can be placed on the machining device 400 or the detection device 500 in a horizontal state, and the workpiece 700 is guaranteed to be stably and reliably grabbed and transferred.

According to the complete set of production equipment for machining and detecting heavy wheel parts, the lifting appliance claw head with the expansion mechanism and the claw mechanism is used for grabbing a workpiece, the workpiece lifting stability and safety are improved through the double grabbing design of the expansion mechanism and the claw mechanism, the moving position and the claw head direction of the lifting appliance claw head can be flexibly controlled by matching with the lifting frame and the mechanical arm, and meanwhile, the machining device and the detection device are arranged together, so that the flexibility and convenience in workpiece transferring are improved. In addition, in the detection device, a discharge servo control system is used for controlling the movement of the workpiece on the cross servo sliding table, the discharge centering shaft and the inner wall of the central shaft hole of the workpiece are close to discharge to determine the coordinate positions of an X axis and a Y axis, the center position of the central shaft hole can be rapidly determined by utilizing the principle in machine tool division, and the measuring precision of the circular runout of the machined surface is improved; in addition, the circle run-out precision of the central shaft hole and the excircle surface is measured simultaneously by taking the axis of the central shaft hole as a reference, the coaxiality of the central shaft hole and the excircle surface can be reflected, and the processing precision and the product percent of pass of the heavy wheel parts are further ensured.

The present invention and its embodiments have been described above schematically, and the description is not intended to be limiting, and what is shown in the drawings is only one of the embodiments of the present invention, and the actual structure is not limited thereto. Therefore, if the person skilled in the art receives the teaching, without departing from the spirit of the invention, the person skilled in the art shall not inventively design the similar structural modes and embodiments to the technical solution, but shall fall within the scope of the invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a heavy type wheel class part machine tooling and detection complete sets production facility which characterized in that: the lifting device comprises a lifting frame (100), a mechanical arm (200), a lifting device claw head (300), a machining device (400) and a detection device (500), wherein the machining device (400) and the detection device (500) are respectively arranged below the top of the lifting frame (100), the top of the lifting frame (100) is provided with an X-axis lifting and rotating mechanism (12), a Y-axis lifting and rotating mechanism (13) and a Z-axis lifting and rotating mechanism (14), the Z-axis lifting and rotating mechanism (14) can be driven by the X-axis lifting and rotating mechanism (12) and the Y-axis lifting and rotating mechanism (13) to move along the X-axis and Y-axis directions at the top of the lifting frame (100), and the lifting device claw head (300) is installed on the Z-axis lifting and rotating mechanism (14) through the mechanical arm (200) and can be driven by the Z-axis lifting and rotating mechanism (14) and the mechanical arm (200) to move along the Z-axis lifting and change the direction of the claw head;

the lifting appliance claw head (300) comprises a rear seat (31), an outer cylinder (32), an expansion mechanism (33) and a jaw mechanism (34), wherein the expansion mechanism (33) and the jaw mechanism (34) are respectively arranged in a column body formed by the rear seat (31) and the outer cylinder (32), the expansion mechanism (33) is provided with a plurality of expansion blocks (335) capable of telescopically moving on the outer wall of the column body, and the jaw mechanism (34) is provided with a plurality of end face jaws (345) capable of telescopically moving at the front end part of the column body;

detection device (500) include cross servo slip table, work piece mount pad (54), Z axle servo slip table (55), circle detection mechanism (56) and the servo control system that discharges, work piece mount pad (54) are fixed on cross servo slip table, circle detection mechanism (56) that beats are installed on Z axle servo slip table (55), circle detection mechanism (56) that beats have gear motor (561), rotating turret (562), hole circle measurement subassembly (563) and excircle circle measurement subassembly (564), rotating turret (562) are located the top of work piece mount pad (54), gear motor (561) are connected with rotating turret (562) transmission, hole circle measurement subassembly (563) are installed in the middle part of rotating turret (562), excircle circle measurement subassembly (564) are installed in the tip of rotating turret (562), the below of rotating turret (562) is equipped with the coaxial discharge centering axle (5622) of the axis of rotation with rotating turret (562), discharge centering axle (5622) and discharge servo control system are connected for with the discharge signal is connected to the servo control system that discharges, and is used for on servo control system and the servo control system that discharges is connected in cross servo control system X and servo control system.

2. The complete set of equipment for machining and detecting heavy-duty wheel parts as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the measuring method of the detection device (500) is as follows:

s1, the hoisting frame (100) and the mechanical arm (200) drive a lifting appliance claw head (300) to place a machined workpiece (700) on a workpiece mounting seat (54) for positioning;

s2, the Z-axis servo sliding table (55) drives the circular runout detection mechanism (56) to move downwards, so that the discharge centering shaft (5622) extends into a central shaft hole of the workpiece (700);

s3, the discharge servo control system controls the cross servo sliding table to drive the workpiece (700) to move in the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction, the X-axis coordinate and the Y-axis coordinate are determined through a discharge signal generated by the discharge centering shaft (5622), the center of a center shaft hole of the workpiece (700) is determined by utilizing the principle of machine tool division, and the discharge centering shaft (5622) is moved to the position of the center shaft hole;

s4, the Z-axis servo sliding table (55) drives the circular runout detection mechanism (56) to continuously move downwards, so that the inner hole circular runout measurement assembly (563) is located in a central axial hole of the workpiece (700), the outer circle runout measurement assembly (564) is located on the outer side of the outer circular surface of the workpiece (700), and a measurement head of the inner hole circular runout measurement assembly (563) is respectively adjusted to be in contact with the inner wall of the central axial hole, and a measurement head of the outer circle runout measurement assembly (564) is respectively adjusted to be in contact with the outer wall of the outer circular surface;

s5, the Z-axis servo sliding table (55) drives the circular runout detection mechanism (56) to move from top to bottom or from bottom to top, meanwhile, the speed reduction motor (561) drives the rotating frame (562) to rotate, the inner hole circular runout measurement assembly (563) and the outer circular runout measurement assembly (564) are used for synchronously carrying out circular runout measurement on the central shaft hole and the outer circular surface of the workpiece (700), measurement data are fed back to a computer detection system, the central shaft hole and the outer circular surface profile of the workpiece (700) are drawn through the computer detection system, and coaxiality data of the central shaft hole and the outer circular surface profile of the workpiece (700) are obtained.

3. The complete heavy wheel part machining and detecting production equipment as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the machine tool division principle in the step S3 is specifically:

s3-1, the discharge servo control system controls the cross servo sliding table to drive the workpiece (700) to move in the X-axis direction, the discharge signals of two positions of the discharge centering shaft (5622) in the X-axis direction and the central shaft hole of the workpiece (700) are utilized to determine the chord length of the central shaft hole in the X-axis direction, and the discharge centering shaft (5622) is controlled to move to the center of the chord length of the X-axis;

s3-2, the discharge servo control system controls the cross servo sliding table to drive the workpiece (700) to move in the Y-axis direction, the discharge signals of two positions of the discharge centering shaft (5622) in the Y-axis direction and the central shaft hole of the workpiece (700) are utilized to determine the chord length of the central shaft hole in the Y-axis direction, and the discharge centering shaft (5622) is controlled to move to the center of the chord length of the Y-axis, namely the center of the central shaft hole of the workpiece (700).

4. The heavy wheel part machining and inspection plant of claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein: the X-axis hoisting and rotating mechanism (12) comprises an X-axis hoisting and rotating guide rail (121), an X-axis hoisting and rotating screw rod (122) and an X-axis hoisting and rotating nut seat (123), two X-axis hoisting and rotating guide rails (121) are arranged on two sides of the top of the frame main body (11) in parallel along the X-axis direction, the X-axis hoisting and rotating screw rod (122) and the X-axis hoisting and rotating guide rails (121) are arranged on the top of the frame main body (11) in parallel, the X-axis hoisting and rotating nut seat (123) is in threaded connection with the X-axis hoisting and rotating screw rod (122), and one end of the X-axis hoisting and rotating screw rod (122) is in transmission connection with an X-axis driving motor;

the Y-axis hoisting and rotating mechanism (13) comprises a Y-axis hoisting and rotating support (131), a Y-axis hoisting and rotating screw rod (132) and an X-direction roller (133), two ends of the Y-axis hoisting and rotating support (131) are mounted on an X-axis hoisting and rotating rail (121) on the corresponding side through the X-direction roller (133), the Y-axis hoisting and rotating support (131) is fixedly connected with an X-axis hoisting and rotating nut seat (123), two opposite Y-axis hoisting and rotating guide rails are arranged on the Y-axis hoisting and rotating support (131) along the Y-axis direction, the Y-axis hoisting and rotating screw rod (132) and the Y-axis hoisting and rotating rail are mounted on the Y-axis hoisting and rotating support (131) in parallel, and one end of the Y-axis hoisting and rotating screw rod (132) is in transmission connection with a Y-axis driving motor;

the Z-axis lifting mechanism (14) comprises a Z-axis lifting support (141), a Z-axis lifting screw rod (142), a Z-axis lifting nut seat (143), a Y-axis roller (144) and a Z-axis lifting guide rod (145), the upper end of the Z-axis lifting support (141) is mounted on a Y-axis lifting guide rail on the corresponding side through the Y-axis roller (144) and is in threaded connection with the Y-axis lifting screw rod (132), the Z-axis lifting screw rod (142) is vertically mounted on the Z-axis lifting support (141), one end of the Z-axis lifting screw rod (142) is in transmission connection with a Z-axis driving motor, the Z-axis lifting guide rod (145) and the Z-axis lifting screw rod (142) are mounted on the Z-axis lifting support (141) in parallel, the Z-axis lifting nut seat (143) is slidably mounted on the Z-axis lifting guide rod (145), the Z-axis lifting nut seat (143) is in threaded connection with the Z-axis lifting screw rod (142), and the mechanical arm (200) is mounted on the Z-axis lifting nut seat (143).

5. The heavy wheel part machining and inspection plant of claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein: the mechanical arm (200) comprises a first rotating joint (21) and a second rotating joint (22), the Z-axis lifting mechanism (14) is connected with the lifting appliance claw head (300) sequentially through the first rotating joint (21) and the second rotating joint (22), and the rotating directions of the first rotating joint (21) and the second rotating joint (22) are perpendicular to each other.

6. The complete heavy wheel part machining and detecting production equipment set as claimed in claim 5, wherein the complete heavy wheel part machining and detecting production equipment set comprises: the first rotating joint (21) comprises a first joint seat (211) and a first joint linear driver (212), the second rotating joint (22) comprises a second joint seat (221) and a second joint linear driver (222), the first joint seat (211) is installed on the Z-axis lifting mechanism (14), the second joint seat (221) is hinged to the first joint seat (211), one end of the first joint linear driver (212) is hinged to the first joint seat (211), the other end of the first joint linear driver (212) is hinged to the second joint seat (221), and the first joint linear driver (212) moves in a telescopic mode to drive the second joint seat (221) to rotate relative to the first joint seat (211); the second joint seat (221) is hinged with a rear seat (31) of the lifting appliance claw head (300), one end of the second joint linear driver (222) is hinged with the second joint seat (221), the other end of the second joint linear driver is hinged on the rear seat (31), and the second joint linear driver (222) moves in a telescopic mode to drive the rear seat (31) to rotate relative to the second joint seat (221).

7. The heavy wheel part machining and inspection plant of claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein: the expansion mechanism (33) comprises an expansion driver (331), a connecting plate (332), a movable wedge block (333), an expansion block (335) and a reset elastic piece (336), one end of the expansion driver (331) is installed on the rear seat (31), the other end of the expansion driver (331) is installed on the connecting plate (332), at least two movable wedge blocks (333) are uniformly arranged on the circumferential direction of the connecting plate (332), an outer cylinder end plate (321) is arranged at one end of the outer cylinder (32), an inner sleeve (322) located on the inner side of the outer cylinder (32) is arranged on the outer cylinder end plate (321), and the inner side surface of the movable wedge block (333) is in contact fit with the outer side surface of the inner sleeve (322); the expansion block (335) is arranged in an expansion block groove in the circumferential direction of the outer barrel (32), the expansion block (335) corresponds to the movable wedge block (333), the movable wedge block (333) is matched with the expansion block (335) through an inclined surface, the movable wedge block (333) is driven to press down by the expansion driver (331) to control the expansion block (335) to expand outwards, and the reset elastic part (336) is arranged between the inner wall of the outer barrel (32) and the corresponding expansion block (335) and used for contraction resetting of the expansion block (335).

8. The heavy wheel part machining and inspection plant of claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein: the clamping jaw mechanism (34) comprises a clamping jaw telescopic driver (341), four parallel connecting rods (342), an inclined stay bar (343), a clamping jaw connecting rod (344) and an end face clamping jaw (345), one end of the clamping jaw telescopic driver (341) is connected to the bottom of the outer cylinder (32), at least two groups of four parallel connecting rods (342) are arranged on the periphery of a cylinder body of the clamping jaw telescopic driver (341), a clamping jaw connecting rod (344) is correspondingly arranged on the outer side of each group of four parallel connecting rods (342), a sliding groove (344 a) in sliding fit with the rod end of each four parallel connecting rod (342) is formed in each clamping jaw connecting rod (344), the end face clamping jaw (345) is fixedly arranged at the lower end of each clamping jaw connecting rod (344), the end face clamping jaw (345) is in radial sliding fit with the outer cylinder (32), the driving end of the clamping jaw telescopic driver (341) is in transmission connection with the corresponding four parallel connecting rods (342) through the inclined stay bar (343), and the clamping jaw telescopic driver (341) drives the corresponding end face clamping jaw (345) to move at the lower end of the outer cylinder (32) through the four parallel connecting rods (342).

9. The heavy wheel part machining and inspection plant of claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein: still including locating work piece rack (600) of jack-up frame (100) top below, seat (62) are put including support frame (61) and activity in work piece rack (600), the upper portion of support frame (61) is equipped with slide rail (611), the activity is put seat (62) and is equipped with a plurality of on slide rail (611) with sliding, the activity is put seat (62) and is included carriage (621) and bearing spacing (623) that are used for putting work piece (700), the both ends slidable mounting of carriage (621) is on slide rail (611) of corresponding side, install on carriage (621) bearing spacing (623) with rotating for the work piece (700) of putting on bearing spacing (623) can rotate and change the machined surface.

10. The heavy wheel part machining and inspection plant of claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein:

the inner hole circular runout measuring assembly (563) comprises a sliding block (5631), an inner hole measuring and adjusting screw rod (5632), an inner hole measuring guide rod (5633), an adjusting knob (5634) and an inner hole measuring dial indicator (5635), wherein a middle mounting plate (5621) is arranged at the middle lower part of the rotating frame (562), the sliding block (5631) is horizontally mounted at the lower part of the middle mounting plate (5621) through the inner hole measuring guide rod (563), the inner hole measuring and adjusting screw rod (5632) and the inner hole measuring guide rod (563) are mounted at the lower part of the middle mounting plate (5621) in parallel, the inner hole measuring and adjusting screw rod (5632) is in threaded connection with the sliding block (561), the adjusting knob (5634) is arranged at one end of the inner hole measuring and adjusting screw rod (562b), and the inner hole measuring dial indicator (5635) is mounted on the sliding block (5631);

the outer circle run-out measuring assembly (564) comprises a sliding adjusting frame (5641), an outer circle measuring adjusting screw rod (5642), an outer circle measuring guide rod (5643), an adjusting hand wheel (5644), a rotating adjusting frame (5645), a lock button (5646) and an outer circle measuring dial gauge (5647), wherein the sliding adjusting frame (5641) is horizontally and slidably mounted on the rotating frame (562) through the outer circle measuring guide rod (5643), the outer circle measuring adjusting screw rod (5642) and the outer circle measuring guide rod (5643) are mounted on the rotating frame (562) in parallel, the adjusting hand wheel (5644) is arranged at one end of the outer circle measuring adjusting screw rod (5642), the sliding adjusting frame (5641) is slidably mounted on the outer circle measuring guide rod (5643), the sliding adjusting frame (5641) is in threaded connection with the outer circle measuring adjusting screw rod (5642), the rotating adjusting frame (5645) is rotatably connected with the lower end of the sliding adjusting frame (5641) through the lock button (5646), and the outer circle measuring dial gauge (5647) is mounted on the rotating adjusting frame (5645);

the excircle circular runout measuring components (564) are respectively provided with a group at two ends of the rotating frame (562).