CN115644105B

CN115644105B - Multi-column modularized deep sea aquaculture net cage and installation method thereof

Info

Publication number: CN115644105B
Application number: CN202211418064.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 俞俊; 程小明; 许凌云; 吴鑫鑫; 叶永林
Original assignee: 702th Research Institute of CSIC
Current assignee: 702th Research Institute of CSIC
Priority date: 2022-11-14
Filing date: 2022-11-14
Publication date: 2023-05-26
Anticipated expiration: 2042-11-14
Also published as: CN115644105A

Abstract

The invention relates to a multi-column modularized deep sea culture net cage and an installation method thereof, wherein the net cage comprises one or more net cage modules which are sequentially connected along the horizontal direction, and the structure of each net cage module is as follows: the three vertical columns are vertically arranged at three corners of the same triangle at intervals, the bottom ends of the three vertical columns are provided with mooring ropes, and the bottom ends of the mooring ropes are anchored on the sea bottom through suction piles; anchor chains are respectively connected between the upper parts and the lower parts of the adjacent upright columns; the three side edges of the netting are vertically attached and installed along the length direction of the corresponding upright columns respectively; therefore, the vertical column can be positioned and tensioned by combining the suction pile anchor with the mooring rope, so that the whole net cage module has larger rigidity, most of vertical movement, rolling and pitching movement of the cultivation equipment are effectively eliminated, and the effective cultivation water body is greatly ensured on the basis of saving resources.

Description

Multi-column modularized deep sea aquaculture net cage and installation method thereof

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of deep sea cultivation, in particular to a multi-column modularized deep sea cultivation net cage and an installation method thereof.

Background

Over the last decades, the global aquaculture production has steadily increased, and more fish and other commercially important edible aquatic organisms have entered the national, regional and international markets. The increasing demand for such products has stimulated the development and expansion of aquaculture production systems on land and in all bodies of water. Meanwhile, the world has added the requirements for ecological protection in coastal areas. The marine fishery is gradually developed from coastal to deep open sea, however, wide and abundant deep open sea also means that the fishery will be in a severe marine environment, and the design of the aquaculture net cage needs to design a net cage structure with certain safety under severe sea conditions under the condition of saving resources and cost as much as possible.

The fishery platform can be divided into a flexible farming equipment system and a rigid farming equipment system by combining the cage structure and the platform configuration.

In the prior art, most of the flexible net cages used can be classified as gravity type net cages. Existing gravity cages are typically constructed with a surface ring structure as a cage with a net suspended in the column of water and weights suspended at the bottom to maintain the cage configuration. Among them, HDPE net cages are the most widely used gravity net cages. HDPE is wave compliant, i.e. it bends with passing waves, rather than remaining rigid. The flexible net cage has the defect of easy deformation under the action of wave current, and the culture water body is extremely easy to lose.

In the prior art, rigid farming equipment is typically made of large steel structures, mainly comprising semi-submersible structures with pontoons and struts, so as to be structurally strong enough to resist wave action. The large frame net cage structure features that the net is supported in fixed shape by means of upright posts and transverse diagonal braces and has pretension to ensure the effective culture volume unchanged basically. But the rigid cultivation equipment has larger steel consumption and higher manufacturing cost.

Disclosure of Invention

The applicant provides a multi-column modularized deep sea aquaculture net cage with reasonable structure and an installation method thereof aiming at the defects in the prior art, so that the net cage module has high rigidity, most of vertical movement, rolling and pitching movement of aquaculture equipment are effectively eliminated, and effective aquaculture water is greatly ensured on the basis of saving resources.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:

the utility model provides a multi-column type modularization deep sea aquaculture net case, includes one or more than two net case modules that meet in proper order along the horizontal direction, and the structure of single net case module is: the three vertical columns are vertically arranged at three corners of the same triangle at intervals, the bottom ends of the three vertical columns are provided with mooring ropes, and the bottom ends of the mooring ropes are anchored on the sea bottom through suction piles; anchor chains are respectively connected between the upper parts and the lower parts of the adjacent upright columns; the three-dimensional-column combined net comprises three groups of upright columns, wherein the three upright columns are arranged on the inner sides of the three groups of upright columns, and three side edges of the three groups of upright columns are vertically attached and mounted along the length directions of the corresponding upright columns respectively.

As a further improvement of the above technical scheme:

two groups of upright posts and anchor chains between the two groups of upright post bodies are shared between two adjacent groups of net cage modules; three groups of upright post bodies in the same net cage module are arranged at a single corner of the same regular triangle.

The outer edge of the cross section of the single group of upright post bodies is in a hexagonal structure, the middle part of one side of the hexagonal structure is attached to the corresponding side edge of the net, and the two ends of the side are connected with the other two groups of upright post bodies in the same group of net cage modules through anchor chains.

And lifting mechanisms are arranged at the edges of the single group of upright post bodies along the length direction, and drive corresponding side edges of the netting to move along the length direction of the upright post bodies.

The lifting mechanism has the structure that: the vertical groove steel frame is arranged on the outer wall surface of the upright post body along the length direction, a driving sprocket set is rotatably arranged at the upper part of the vertical groove steel frame through an upper wheel shaft, and a driven sprocket is rotatably arranged at the lower part of the vertical groove steel frame through a lower wheel shaft; the driving chain wheel set and the driven chain wheel are jointly surrounded and assembled with a transmission chain which is driven in the up-down direction, lock rings are arranged on the outer side face of the transmission chain at intervals, a vertical long groove is formed in the middle of the outer side face of the vertical channel steel frame, and the lock rings facing the vertical long groove are assembled with main locks uniformly distributed on the lateral edges of the netting.

The lifting mechanism is uniformly distributed with a plurality of groups along the circumferential direction on the outer wall surface of the upright post body, a main shaft at the axial center of the upright post body is sleeved with a driving wheel which is horizontally distributed, and the lifting mechanism also comprises a transmission arm assembly which rotates in a horizontal plane by taking the main shaft as a circle center; the transmission arm assembly transmits the rotation of the driving wheel to the driving sprocket set of one lifting mechanism, and the driving wheel is driven by an external motor to rotate and then drives the corresponding driving sprocket set to rotate through the transmission arm assembly.

The structure of the transmission arm assembly is as follows: the transmission device comprises a support frame rotatably arranged on a main shaft, wherein a plurality of transmission gears are radially arranged on the top surface of the support frame, adjacent transmission gears are assembled in an external engagement manner, the transmission gear positioned at the innermost side is externally engaged with a driving wheel, and the transmission gear positioned at the outermost side is engaged with a corresponding driving sprocket group for transmission.

And an intermediate wheel set meshed and matched with the driving sprocket set is rotatably arranged at the position of the vertical groove steel frame and the upright post body, and the intermediate wheel set converts the horizontal rotation transmitted by the transmission gear into the rotation in the vertical direction and then transmits the rotation to the driving sprocket set on the upper part of the lifting mechanism.

The middle wheel set comprises a vertical bevel gear and a first gear which axially rotate in parallel with the driving chain wheel set, the first gear is in meshed transmission with the gears in the driving chain wheel set, a horizontal bevel gear is arranged in meshed transmission with the vertical bevel gear, a poking block is sleeved on a guide shaft in the axial center below the horizontal bevel gear in a sliding manner, and the bottom surface of the poking block is in concave-convex fit with the top surface of the outermost transmission gear in the transmission arm assembly.

The method for installing the multi-column modularized deep sea aquaculture net cage comprises the following steps:

controlling the suction pile anchors to reach a preset position by the ship crane, and downwards penetrating and fixing the suction pile anchors to the seabed;

the bottom end of the mooring rope is fixed on the suction pile anchor through shackle;

carrying the upright post body to a preset position, filling ballast water into the upright post body to enable the upright post body to be vertical, connecting the upper end of a mooring rope with the bottom end of the upright post body, tensioning the mooring rope through a chain jack, and finishing the installation of the single-group upright post body;

after three groups of upright post bodies are sequentially installed to corresponding positions, arranging the netting, and synchronously installing three side edges of the netting on the three groups of upright post bodies by means of three boats;

fixing a main lock at the bottom of a side edge of the netting with a lock ring at the upper part of a conveying chain in a column body lifting mechanism;

along with the transmission work of the transmission chain, the lateral edges of the netting slowly descend, and the netting gradually descends;

in the sinking process of the netting, the rest main locks on the side edges of the netting and the lock rings on the conveying chain are fixed at intervals until the netting is sunk to a preset position, so that the arrangement and the installation of the single-group net cage modules are completed.

The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:

the vertical column is compact and reasonable in structure, the vertical column and the length direction of the vertical column are installed with the netting, and the vertical column is positioned and tensioned by the combination of the suction pile anchor and the mooring rope, so that the whole net cage module has high rigidity, most of vertical movement, rolling and pitching movement of the cultivation equipment are effectively eliminated, the effective cultivation water body is greatly ensured on the basis of saving resources, and the vertical column is particularly suitable for the development of deep-open sea fishery cultivation;

according to the invention, the tensioning type single-point mooring is used for mooring and positioning each upright post body, the adjacent upright post bodies are connected through the anchor chains, and the pretension of each upright post body is adjusted through the mooring ropes, so that the triangular layout among three groups of upright post bodies in the net cage module can be effectively maintained, and the net cage module has higher rigidity;

according to the invention, the gradual layout of the netting on the side surface of the upright column is realized through the lifting mechanism, so that the netting is convenient to install and disassemble, the connection between the netting and the lifting mechanism can be completed on the water surface, and the netting is submerged into water by means of the lifting mechanism, thereby greatly facilitating the layout of the whole net cage module in the sea.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a front view of a single-gang cage module of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a top view of fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a partial enlarged view at a in fig. 2.

Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along B-B in fig. 3.

Fig. 5 is a layout schematic diagram of the driving arm assembly and the driving wheel in the column body of the invention.

FIG. 6 is a schematic view illustrating the engagement of the arm assembly and the lifting mechanism in a top view.

Fig. 7 is a partial enlarged view at C in fig. 6.

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the engagement of the intermediate wheel set with the drive arm assembly and the drive sprocket set according to the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a diagram of a plurality of cage modules according to the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a view of another embodiment of the present invention.

Wherein: 1. a vertical column; 2. a netting; 3. an anchor chain; 4. mooring ropes; 5. a lifting mechanism; 6. vertical groove steel frame; 7. a drive arm assembly; 8. a driving wheel; 9. a circumferential track; 10. seabed. 40. A suction pile anchor;

21. a master lock; 22. a plug pin assembly;

50. a locking member; 51. a lower wheel axle; 52. a driven sprocket; 53. a locking ring; 54. a conveyor chain; 55. a locking hole; 56. an upper wheel axle; 57. a driving sprocket set; 58. a middle wheel set; 571. a second gear; 572. a main sprocket; 581. a first gear; 582. vertical bevel gears; 583. a horizontal bevel gear; 584. an elastic member; 585. a poking block; 586. a guide shaft;

61. a vertical elongated slot;

71. a transmission gear; 72. a protrusion; 73. a support frame; 74. a guide member; 75. a bearing;

81. a main shaft;

91. an annular groove; 92. a guide ring; 93. and a support ring.

Detailed Description

The following describes specific embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the multi-column modularized deep sea aquaculture net cage of the present embodiment includes one or more net cage modules connected in sequence along a horizontal direction, and the structure of a single net cage module is as follows: the three vertical columns 1 are arranged at three corners of the same triangle at intervals, the single vertical column 1 is vertically arranged, the bottom ends of the vertical columns are provided with mooring ropes 4, and the bottom ends of the mooring ropes 4 are fixed on the sea bottom 10 through suction pile anchors 40; anchor chains 3 are respectively connected between the upper parts and the lower parts of the adjacent upright columns 1; also comprises a net 2 with a triangular prism structure which is arranged on the inner side of the three vertical columns 1, three side edges of the netting 2 are vertically attached and installed along the length direction of the corresponding upright body 1.

In this embodiment, mooring positioning is performed on each upright 1 through tensioning type single-point mooring, adjacent upright 1 is connected through anchor chain 3, and pretension of each upright 1 is adjusted through mooring rope 4, so that triangular layout among three groups of upright 1 in the cage module can be effectively maintained, and the cage module has larger rigidity.

Further, two groups of upright columns 1 and anchor chains 3 between the two groups of upright columns 1 are shared between two adjacent groups of cage modules; three sets of upright posts 1 in the same cage module are arranged at a single corner of the same regular triangle.

In this embodiment, by adding a set of vertical columns 1 and a mooring system thereof, a set of net cage modules can be newly added depending on the original net cage modules, thereby realizing the expansion of the aquaculture water.

In the embodiment shown in fig. 3, the outer edge of the cross section of the single-group column 1 is in a hexagonal structure, the middle part of one side of the hexagonal structure is attached to the corresponding side edge of the net 2, and two ends of the side are connected with the other two groups of column bodies 1 in the same group of net cage modules through anchor chains 3; through the reasonable layout design of the opposite column 1, the reliability of the net cage module is guaranteed, and meanwhile the net cage module is convenient to quickly connect and set up in a plurality of net cage modules.

In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, a lifting mechanism 5 is installed at the edge of the single-group column 1 along the length direction, and the lifting mechanism 5 drives corresponding side edges of the netting 2 to move along the length direction of the column 1, so that the side edges of the netting 2 are effectively assisted in being distributed along the length direction of the column 1.

In this embodiment, gradual layout of the netting 2 on the side surface of the upright body 1 is realized through the lifting mechanism 5, so that not only is the installation and the disassembly of the netting 2 convenient, but also the connection between the netting 2 and the lifting mechanism 5 can be completed on the water surface, and then the netting 2 is submerged into the water by means of the lifting mechanism 5, thereby greatly facilitating the layout of the whole net cage module in the sea.

In the embodiment shown in fig. 4, the lifting mechanism 5 has the structure: the vertical groove steel frame 6 is arranged on the outer wall surface of the column body 1 along the length direction, a driving sprocket set 57 is rotatably arranged at the upper part of the vertical groove steel frame 6 through an upper wheel shaft 56, and a driven sprocket 52 is rotatably arranged at the lower part of the vertical groove steel frame 6 through a lower wheel shaft 51; the driving chain wheel group 57 and the driven chain wheel 52 are jointly surrounded and assembled with a transmission chain 54 which is driven in the up-down direction, a vertical long groove 61 is arranged in the middle of the outer side surface of the vertical groove steel frame 6 on the outer side surface of the transmission chain 54, and the locking ring 53 facing the vertical long groove 61 is assembled with main locks 21 uniformly distributed on the side edges of the netting 2.

In this embodiment, the vertical channel steel frame 6 is used for supporting the lifting mechanism 5, and meanwhile, the guiding movement of the conveying chain 54 in the vertical direction is restrained by the arrangement of the vertical channel steel frame 6, so that the function of maintaining the shape of the vertical edge of the netting 2 is achieved.

As shown in fig. 6 and 7, the lock ring 53 on the outer side of the chain link of the conveying chain 54 extends to the notch of the vertical long groove 61, the main lock 21 on the edge of the netting 2 is in a horizontal U-shaped structure, the main lock 21 accommodates the lock ring 53 inside, and the fixation between the lock ring and the main lock is realized through the penetrating bolt component 22; after the main lock 21 is mounted on the lock ring 53, the width dimension of the main lock is matched with the vertical long groove 61, so that the main lock can play an effective and reliable guiding role in the upward or downward movement process of the side edges of the netting 2.

In this embodiment, a locking structure, such as a locking hole 55, may be further disposed between the driving sprocket set 57 and the vertical channel steel frame 6, and the locking member 50 sequentially passes through the locking holes 55 on the driving sprocket set 57 and the vertical channel steel frame 6, so as to achieve complete fixation between the driving sprocket set 57 and the vertical channel steel frame 6, especially when the lifting mechanism 5 does not work, the rotation of the driving sprocket set 57 is effectively prevented by the arrangement of the locking structure.

Further, the lifting mechanisms 5 are uniformly distributed on the outer wall surface of the column body 1 along the circumferential direction, for example, the lifting mechanisms 5 are installed at the middle parts of six sides of the hexagonal structure of the column body 1 through the vertical groove steel frames 6, so that any one side of the six sides is conveniently used for assembling the net cage modules.

Further, a driving wheel 8 which is horizontally arranged is sleeved on a main shaft 81 at the axial center of the column body 1, and the driving wheel further comprises a transmission arm assembly 7 which rotates in a horizontal plane by taking the main shaft 81 as a circle center; the transmission arm assembly 7 transmits the rotation of the driving wheel 8 to the driving chain wheel set 57 of one group of lifting mechanisms 5, and after the driving wheel 8 is driven by an external motor to rotate, the corresponding driving chain wheel set 57 is driven by the transmission arm assembly 7 to rotate; therefore, through the arrangement of a group of power mechanisms, the lifting use of a plurality of groups of lifting mechanisms 5 can be realized according to the actual use condition, and the conception is novel, ingenious and reasonable.

Of course, in this embodiment, a corresponding power mechanism may be separately provided for each group of lifting mechanisms 5, so that the lifting mechanisms 5 of each group can be lifted independently.

In the embodiment shown in fig. 5 and 6, the structure of the transmission arm assembly 7 is: the device comprises a supporting frame 73 rotatably arranged on a main shaft 81, a plurality of conveying gears 71 are rotatably arranged on the top surface of the supporting frame 73 along the radial direction, adjacent conveying gears 71 are assembled in an external engagement manner, the conveying gear 71 positioned at the innermost side is externally engaged with a driving wheel 8, and the conveying gear 71 positioned at the outermost side is engaged with a corresponding driving chain wheel group 57 for transmission.

In this embodiment, the support frame 73 is rotatably mounted on the main shaft 81 via the bearing 75, and the column body 1 located below the support frame 73 is further provided with a circumferential rail 9 therein, and the rotation of the support frame 73 around the main shaft 81 is guided by the arrangement of the circumferential rail 9.

The method comprises the following steps: a guide ring 92 may be disposed on the inner wall surface of the column body 1, the top surface of the guide ring 92 is provided with an annular groove 91 centering on the main shaft 81, the bottom surface of the support frame 73 is provided with a guide member 74 extending downward, the guide member 74 extends downward into the annular groove 91, and the guide member 74 moves relative to the annular groove 91 to realize the guiding of the rotation of the support frame 73 relative to the main shaft 81.

In this embodiment, a supporting ring member 93 such as spoke ribs may be disposed between the inner side surface of the guide ring 92 and the main shaft 81 to provide a certain supporting effect for the main shaft 81 in the middle.

In this embodiment, the rotation of the transmission arm assembly 7 about the main shaft 81 may be in a manual or automatic mode, and when each of the transmission gears 71 rotates about the main shaft 81 along with the support frame 73, each of the transmission gears 71 may be rotated by the meshing transmission with the driving wheel 8.

Further, considering that the rotation axis of the driving wheel 8 is vertical, and the rotation direction of the driving sprocket set 57 in the lifting mechanism 5 when driving the conveying chain 54 is horizontal, it is necessary to turn the transmission of the rotation power; specifically, an intermediate wheel set 58 engaged and matched with the driving sprocket set 57 is rotatably installed at the joint of the vertical groove steel frame 6 and the upright post body 1, and the intermediate wheel set 58 converts the horizontal rotation transmitted by the transmission gear 71 into the rotation in the vertical direction and then transmits the rotation to the driving sprocket set 57 at the upper part of the lifting mechanism 5, so that reliable power transmission between the driving wheel 8 and the lifting mechanism 5 is realized.

In the embodiment shown in fig. 8, the middle wheel set 58 comprises a vertical bevel gear 582 and a gear one 581 which axially rotate in parallel with the driving sprocket set 57, the gear one 581 is in external engagement transmission with a gear two 571 in the driving sprocket set 57, the vertical bevel gear 582 is in engagement and is provided with a horizontal bevel gear 583, a poking block 585 is slidably sleeved on a guide shaft 586 in the axial center below the horizontal bevel gear 583, and the bottom surface of the poking block 585 is matched with the top surface of an outermost transmission gear 71 in the transmission arm assembly 7 in a concave-convex manner.

In this embodiment, the guide shaft 586 located at the axial center of the horizontal bevel gear 583 may be rotatably installed on the inner wall surface of the column body 1 or the side wall surface of the vertical channel steel frame 6, where the guide shaft 586 may be fixedly connected with the horizontal bevel gear 583 or be an integral body, and a concave-convex matching structure along the height direction, such as the matching of spline teeth and spline grooves, is disposed between the guide shaft 586 and the inner wall surface of the stirring block 585, so that the stirring block 585 can move axially relative to the guide shaft 586, and the rotation of the stirring block 585 can drive the guide shaft 586 to rotate synchronously.

Further, in the present embodiment, an elastic member 584 is further installed between the horizontal bevel gear 583 and the toggle block 585; when the transmission arm assembly 7 turns to the corresponding middle wheel group 58 of the corresponding lifting mechanism 5, the stirring block 585 can be manually lifted, so that the transmission gear 71 at the outermost side in the transmission arm assembly 7 can smoothly move to the lower part of the horizontal bevel gear 583 in the corresponding middle wheel group 58, and then the stirring block 585 falls under the dual actions of self gravity and the elastic force of the elastic piece 584 and is matched and matched with the protrusion 72 on the top surface of the transmission gear 71 below, and the power connection between the transmission arm assembly 7 and the lifting mechanism 5 is completed.

In this embodiment, the driving sprocket set 57 includes a second gear 571 and a main sprocket 572 which are axially and sequentially arranged, the second gear 571 and the main sprocket 572 rotate together, the second gear 571 is meshed with the first gear 581 in the intermediate sprocket set 58 to receive power transmission, and the main sprocket 572 is meshed with the transmission chain 54 to drive the transmission chain.

In this embodiment, the mooring lines 4 are mainly composed of synthetic fiber ropes, two ends of which can be respectively connected with a lower chain, the upper ends of which are fixed on the upright body 1 via the chains, and the lower ends of which are connected with suction pile anchors 40 on the seabed 10 via the chains.

In this embodiment, a pretension is provided via the mooring line 4, the magnitude of which pretension is equal to the buoyancy of the riser 1 minus its own weight. The mooring system is in a tight state at any time, so that the rigidity of the system is obviously improved, and the rolling, pitching and heaving of the upright post body 1 are small; meanwhile, unlike the steel pipe pile adopted by the traditional tension leg platform, the synthetic fiber cable has proper elasticity, so that the upright post body 1 can have proper motion amplitude, particularly, the motion of the upright post body 1 in a horizontal plane has a certain motion range, and the larger horizontal environmental force can be balanced through inertia force to change the motion into survival, thereby reducing the hydrodynamic force acting on the upright post body 1.

The suction pile anchor 40 in this embodiment is an outsourcing standard member, which is a steel structural member, is arranged in the target sea area, and is buried into the seabed by the underwater robot by vacuumizing the interior until the top is approximately level with the seabed, and the upper end of the suction pile anchor is connected with the mooring rope 4.

The netting 2 in the embodiment is made of synthetic fibers and is woven, and the density of the netting is close to that of seawater; the side net and the bottom net are made of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) (with special coating), are sewn and woven into a relatively closed triangular prism shape, and are uniformly connected with a plurality of main locks 21 on three edges. The netting 2 has excellent ageing resistance, wear resistance and environmental cracking resistance, high breaking strength, low breaking elongation, no water absorption, small friction coefficient and long service life. The movable net at the top and the bird-preventing net are made of nylon or common polyethylene net wires, and can be opened during fishing and other operations.

Through the installation of the vertical column 1 and the length direction thereof and the netting 2, the vertical column 1 is positioned and tensioned by combining the mooring ropes 4 through the suction pile anchors 40, so that the whole net cage module has larger rigidity, most of vertical movement, rolling and pitching movement of the cultivation equipment are effectively eliminated, the effective cultivation water body is greatly ensured on the basis of saving resources, and the net cage module is particularly suitable for the development of deep-open sea fishery cultivation.

the first step: controlling the suction pile anchors 40 to reach a preset position by the ship crane, and penetrating and fixing the suction pile anchors 40 downwards to the seabed 10;

and a second step of: the bottom end of the mooring rope 4 is fixed on the suction pile anchor 40 through shackle;

and a third step of: carrying the upright column 1 to a preset position, filling ballast water into the upright column to enable the upright column 1 to be upright, connecting the upper end of a mooring rope 4 with the bottom end of the upright column 1, tensioning the mooring rope 4 through a chain jack, and finishing the installation of the single-group upright column 1;

fourth step: after the three upright columns 1 are sequentially installed to the corresponding positions, arranging the netting 2, and synchronously installing three side edges of the netting 2 on the three upright columns 1 by means of three boats;

fifth step: fixing the main lock 21 at the bottom of the side edge of the netting 2 with a lock ring 53 at the upper part of a conveying chain 54 in a lifting mechanism 5 of the upright post body 1;

sixth step: along with the transmission work of the transmission chain 54, the lateral edges of the netting 2 slowly descend, and the netting 2 gradually sinks;

seventh step: in the sinking process of the netting 2, the rest main locks 21 on the side edges of the netting 2 and the lock rings 53 on the conveying chain 54 are fixed at intervals until the netting 2 is sunk to a preset position, so that the arrangement and the installation of the single-group net cage modules are completed.

In the embodiment, the netting 2 is installed on the side face of the upright post body 1, and can be completed on the water surface, so that the operation of launching the diving personnel is not needed.

As shown in FIG. 9, a single-row expanded state diagram of the cage modules is shown, wherein the cage modules are arranged in a straight line, and the arrangement mode is adopted for the cultivation areas with relatively concentrated annual main wave directions in the target sea area. In the specific installation, two conditions are provided, namely, the modularized planning is carried out at the beginning of the installation, the number of net cages required to be arranged is calculated according to the culture water body required by the design, and the arrangement of the column 1 and a mooring system thereof is completed at the target position according to the steps. After the installation of the column body 1 is completed, the installation of the netting 2 is completed according to the step of hanging the netting; secondly, the multi-column net cage in the earlier stage is provided, capacity expansion is needed in the middle, modular expansion can be carried out on the basis of the capacity expansion by depending on the earlier-stage upright columns 1, and a group of culture water bodies with net cage modules are added after each upright column body 1 is added and hung.

As shown in fig. 10, a double-row expanded state diagram of the cage modules is shown, wherein the cage modules are in a double-row arrangement layout, which is particularly large for the engineering of the aquaculture water body, and the overlong layout of a single-row expansion scheme is avoided, so that the scheme is adopted. In the specific installation, two conditions are provided, namely, the modularized planning is carried out at the beginning of the installation, the number of net cages required to be arranged is calculated according to the culture water body required by the design, and the arrangement of the column 1 and a mooring system thereof is completed at the target position according to the steps. After the installation of the column body 1 is completed, the installation of the netting 2 is completed according to the step of hanging the netting; secondly, the front-end single-row expansion scheme is provided, a large amount of expansion is needed in the middle, and the modular expansion can be carried out on the basis of the front-end single-row expansion scheme. The upright columns 1 and the mooring system thereof are arranged on the same side, and then the net hanging is completed by depending on the middle upright column 1. The double-row expansion scheme is adopted at most, so that the berthing of a working ship, a fishing ship and the like is facilitated.

The invention adopts the concept of rigid-flexible combination, not only has larger culture capacity, but also saves steel consumption, and can not cause excessive loss even under the condition of strong wind and wave flow on the basis of ensuring that the effective culture volume is basically kept unchanged; the three vertical columns 1 adopt a rigid structure with very low gravity center and better stability, and can support the depth of the culture water body; the anchor chains 3 connected between the upright post bodies 1 are tensile and not compressive, so that the upright post bodies 1 can be slightly close to each other but cannot be far away from each other under the action of waves, and the function of protecting the netting 2 is achieved; the rigidity of the material of the netting 2 is small, the netting 2 can not restrict the movement of the columns 1, namely, when the column bodies 1 are horizontally displaced, the relative positions of the column bodies 1 are restricted by the anchor chains 3.

The single-group cage module in the invention has a triangular overlooking structure, has stability, and the upright body 1 has self-stability in water, can keep an upright state, and can keep the upright state after being acted by a mooring system with pretension. The whole cultivation system has compliance in the horizontal direction, and the acting force of environmental load on the netting 2 is reduced in the horizontal movement process.

The invention is suitable for deep sea cultivation, and the cultivation capacity is conveniently expanded. By adopting the mode of positioning the column 1 by the suction pile anchors 40, a mooring system can be arranged in a sea area with deeper water depth, so that the method is truly deep sea cultivation. The mooring system of the single net cage module only has three vertical mooring ropes 4 with pretension, which not only facilitates the berthing operation of the operation ship, but also reduces the complexity of the mooring system and has economy. When the cultivation equipment is subjected to modularized expansion, the cultivation capacity can be expanded by only adding a group of upright post bodies 1 and depending on the original cultivation equipment.

The net cage module adopts a vertical tensioning mooring mode, occupies a smaller area, does not extend transversely, reduces the risk of collision with the past ship, and is convenient for berthing the operation ship.

Of course, the top of the vertical column body 1 can be provided with a vertical axis fan, and a vertical axis fan array is formed after a plurality of net cage modules are arranged, so that aerodynamic performance of wind fields is improved, autonomous energy supply can be realized for operation of the net cage modules, and the net cage modules are used for mechanical equipment.

The net cage module has large rigidity, effectively eliminates most of vertical movement, rolling and pitching movement of the cultivation equipment, and greatly ensures effective cultivation water on the basis of saving resources.

The above description is intended to illustrate the invention and not to limit it, the scope of which is defined by the claims, and any modifications can be made within the scope of the invention.

Claims

1. A multi-column modularized deep sea aquaculture net cage is characterized in that: including more than two net cage modules that meet in proper order along the horizontal direction, the structure of single net cage module is: the three groups of vertical columns (1) are arranged at three corners of the same triangle at intervals, the single vertical column (1) is vertically arranged, the bottom end of the single vertical column is provided with a mooring rope (4), and the bottom end of the mooring rope (4) is fixed on the sea bottom (10) through a suction pile anchor (40); an anchor chain (3) is respectively connected between the upper parts and the lower parts of the adjacent upright bodies (1); the three-dimensional-prism-shaped net comprises three groups of upright posts (1), wherein the three upright posts are arranged on the inner sides of the three groups of upright posts (1), and three side edges of the three groups of upright posts (1) are vertically attached and mounted along the length direction of the corresponding upright posts (1);

two groups of upright post bodies (1) and anchor chains (3) between the two groups of upright post bodies (1) are shared between two adjacent groups of net cage modules; three groups of upright post bodies (1) in the same net cage module are arranged at a single corner of the same regular triangle;

the outer edge of the cross section of the single-group upright column body (1) is in a hexagonal structure, the middle part of one side of the hexagonal structure is attached to the corresponding side edge of the net (2), and the two ends of the side are connected with the other two groups of upright column bodies (1) in the same group of net box modules through anchor chains (3);

a lifting mechanism (5) is arranged at the edge of the single-group upright column body (1) along the length direction, and the lifting mechanism (5) drives corresponding side edges of the netting (2) to move along the length direction of the upright column body (1);

the lifting mechanism (5) has the structure that: the vertical groove steel frame (6) is arranged on the outer wall surface of the upright post body (1) along the length direction, a driving chain wheel group (57) is rotatably arranged on the upper part of the vertical groove steel frame (6) through an upper wheel shaft (56), and a driven chain wheel (52) is rotatably arranged on the lower part of the vertical groove steel frame (6) through a lower wheel shaft (51); the driving chain wheel set (57) and the driven chain wheel (52) are jointly surrounded and assembled with a transmission chain (54) which is driven in the up-down direction, lock rings (53) are arranged on the outer side face of the transmission chain (54) at intervals, a vertical long groove (61) is formed in the middle of the outer side face of the vertical groove steel frame (6), and the lock rings (53) facing the vertical long groove (61) are assembled with main locks (21) uniformly distributed on the side edges of the netting (2);

the lifting mechanism (5) is uniformly distributed with a plurality of groups along the circumferential direction on the outer wall surface of the upright post body (1), a driving wheel (8) which is horizontally distributed is sleeved on a main shaft (81) at the axial center of the upright post body (1), and the lifting mechanism also comprises a transmission arm assembly (7) which rotates in a horizontal plane by taking the main shaft (81) as the center of a circle; the transmission arm assembly (7) transmits the rotation of the driving wheel (8) to the driving chain wheel group (57) of one group of lifting mechanisms (5), and after the driving wheel (8) is driven to rotate by an external motor, the corresponding driving chain wheel group (57) is driven to rotate by the transmission arm assembly (7).

2. A multi-column modular deep sea farming net cage of claim 1, wherein: the structure of the transmission arm assembly (7) is as follows: the device comprises a supporting frame (73) rotatably arranged on a main shaft (81), a plurality of conveying gears (71) are radially arranged on the top surface of the supporting frame (73), adjacent conveying gears (71) are assembled in an external engagement mode, the conveying gears (71) positioned at the innermost side are externally engaged with a driving wheel (8), and the conveying gears (71) positioned at the outermost side are engaged with corresponding driving chain wheel sets (57) for transmission.

3. A multi-column modular deep sea farming net cage according to claim 2, wherein: and an intermediate wheel set (58) meshed and matched with the driving chain wheel set (57) is rotatably arranged at the joint of the vertical groove steel frame (6) and the upright post body (1), and the intermediate wheel set (58) converts the horizontal rotation transmitted by the transmission gear (71) into the rotation in the vertical direction and then transmits the rotation to the driving chain wheel set (57) on the upper part of the lifting mechanism (5).

4. A multi-column modular deep sea farming net cage according to claim 3, wherein: the middle wheel set (58) comprises a vertical bevel gear (582) and a first gear (581) which axially rotate in parallel with the driving sprocket set (57), the first gear (581) is in external engagement transmission with a second gear (571) in the driving sprocket set (57), the vertical bevel gear (582) is in engagement fit with a horizontal bevel gear (583), a stirring block (585) is slidably sleeved on a guide shaft (586) in the axial center below the horizontal bevel gear (583), and the bottom surface of the stirring block (585) is in concave-convex fit with the top surface of an outermost transmission gear (71) in the transmission arm assembly (7).

5. A method of installing a multi-column modular deep sea farming net cage of claim 1, wherein: the method comprises the following steps:

controlling the suction pile anchor (40) to reach a preset position by a ship crane, and downwards penetrating and fixing the suction pile anchor (40) to the seabed (10);

the bottom end of a mooring rope (4) is fixed on a suction pile anchor (40) through shackle;

carrying the upright column (1) to a preset position, filling ballast water into the upright column to enable the upright column to be vertical, connecting the upper end of a mooring rope (4) with the bottom end of the upright column (1), tensioning the mooring rope (4) through a chain jack, and finishing the installation of the single-group upright column (1);

after three groups of upright post bodies (1) are sequentially installed to corresponding positions, arranging the netting (2), and synchronously installing three side edges of the netting (2) on the three groups of upright post bodies (1) by means of three boats;

a main lock (21) at the bottom of a side edge of the netting (2) is fixed with a lock ring (53) at the upper part of a conveying chain (54) in a lifting mechanism (5) of the upright post body (1);

along with the transmission work of the transmission chain (54), the lateral edges of the netting (2) slowly descend, and the netting (2) gradually sinks;

in the sinking process of the netting (2), the rest main locks (21) on the side edges of the netting (2) and the lock rings (53) on the conveying chain (54) are fixed at intervals until the netting (2) is sunk to a preset position, so that the arrangement and the installation of the single-group net cage modules are completed.