CN115643857A - Codonopsis pilosula planting furrow opener capable of automatically adjusting plough body pose - Google Patents

Codonopsis pilosula planting furrow opener capable of automatically adjusting plough body pose Download PDF

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CN115643857A
CN115643857A CN202211190336.XA CN202211190336A CN115643857A CN 115643857 A CN115643857 A CN 115643857A CN 202211190336 A CN202211190336 A CN 202211190336A CN 115643857 A CN115643857 A CN 115643857A
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seat
shaft
adjusting mechanism
adjusting
rotating
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CN115643857B (en
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刘德江
胡健灵
王果
于庆旭
张晓�
龚艳
姚克恒
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Nanjing Research Institute for Agricultural Mechanization Ministry of Agriculture
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Nanjing Research Institute for Agricultural Mechanization Ministry of Agriculture
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Abstract

The invention provides a furrower for planting codonopsis pilosula, which can automatically adjust the pose of a plough body, and comprises a mounting seat and a plough body; the plough body is connected with the mounting seat through an adjusting mechanism, and the adjusting mechanism comprises a first-stage adjusting mechanism, a second-stage adjusting mechanism and a third-stage adjusting mechanism which are respectively used for adjusting deviation, a pitching angle and a deflection angle, and also comprises an adjusting motor; the adjusting motor drives each level of adjusting mechanism to operate through a transmission system; according to the furrower for planting the codonopsis pilosula, which can automatically adjust the pose of the plow body, the adjusting motor can be in driving connection with each level of adjusting mechanism by arranging the adjusting motor and the transmission system, so that the deviation, the pitching angle and the deflecting angle can be respectively adjusted, the adjustment of each amount is completed by the synergistic effect of the adjusting motor and the clutch, and the manual adjustment by a user is not needed.

Description

一种可自动调节犁体位姿的党参种植用开沟器A ditch opener for Codonopsis pilosula planting that can automatically adjust the position and posture of the plow body

技术领域technical field

本发明涉及农业机械技术领域,特别是涉及一种可自动调节犁体位姿的党参种植用开沟器。The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, in particular to a furrow opener for Codonopsis pilosula planting which can automatically adjust the position and posture of a plow body.

背景技术Background technique

在西部寒旱区党参种植过程中,需要采用露头覆膜栽培工艺进行党参栽植,当前党参种植均为人工作业,劳动强度大,且种植效率低,因此急需实现党参的机械化种植。实际种植中,针对党参种植开出的种植沟需要带有一定斜度,以适应党参斜栽的农艺要求,因此需要重新设计开沟器,且开沟器的参数能够被调节以满足不同的使用环境。In the process of planting Codonopsis pilosula in the cold and arid regions of the west, it is necessary to use outcropping film-covering cultivation techniques to plant Codonopsis pilosula. Currently, Codonopsis pilosula planting is manual, labor-intensive, and planting efficiency is low. Therefore, it is urgent to realize mechanized planting of Codonopsis pilosula. In actual planting, the planting ditch for Codonopsis pilosula needs to have a certain slope to meet the agronomic requirements of slanted planting of Codonopsis pilosula. Therefore, it is necessary to redesign the ditch opener, and the parameters of the ditch opener can be adjusted to meet different uses. environment.

现有的农业机械中,开沟器一般设置得比较简单,一般只能进行高低调节,无法满足更多的调节需求。专利CN2348534Y公开了一种手扶拖拉机专用犁,其能够对犁体的偏离量、俯仰角度以及偏转角度进行调节,该专利中,各调节量均由人工手动调节,无法在作业过程中实时根据地形变化自动调节犁尖姿态及入土深度,难以用于复杂地形的耕种中。In the existing agricultural machinery, the ditch openers are generally relatively simple to set up, and generally can only be adjusted up and down, which cannot meet more adjustment needs. Patent CN2348534Y discloses a special plow for walking tractors, which can adjust the deviation, pitch angle and deflection angle of the plow body. The change automatically adjusts the posture of the plow tip and the depth of the plow, which is difficult to be used in the cultivation of complex terrain.

发明内容Contents of the invention

发明目的:为了克服现有技术中存在的不足,本发明提供一种能够电动调节以方便在作业过程中调节犁尖姿态及入土深度的可自动调节犁体位姿的党参种植用开沟器。Purpose of the invention: In order to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a furrow opener for Codonopsis pilosula planting that can automatically adjust the posture of the plow body and can be electrically adjusted to facilitate the adjustment of the posture of the plow point and the depth of entry into the soil during the operation.

技术方案:为实现上述目的,本发明的可自动调节犁体位姿的党参种植用开沟器,其包括安装座与犁体;所述犁体通过调节机构连接所述安装座,所述调节机构包括分别用于调节偏离量、俯仰角度以及偏转角度的一级调节机构、二级调节机构以及三级调节机构,还包括调节电机;所述一级调节机构包括平动座,所述平动座通过两个始终相互平行的连杆连接所述安装座;所述二级调节机构包括转到安装在所述平动座后侧的俯仰座;所述俯仰座的下侧安装有转动筒,所述三级调节机构包括相对于所述转动筒转动安装、且连接所述犁体的连接轴;Technical solution: In order to achieve the above purpose, the codonopsis planting ditch that can automatically adjust the position and posture of the plow body of the present invention includes a mounting seat and a plow body; the plow body is connected to the mounting seat through an adjustment mechanism, and the adjustment mechanism It includes a first-level adjustment mechanism, a second-level adjustment mechanism and a third-level adjustment mechanism for adjusting the deviation, pitch angle and deflection angle respectively, and also includes an adjustment motor; the first-level adjustment mechanism includes a translation seat, and the translation seat The installation seat is connected by two connecting rods that are always parallel to each other; the secondary adjustment mechanism includes a pitch seat that is rotated and installed on the rear side of the translation seat; a rotating cylinder is installed on the lower side of the pitch seat, so The three-stage adjustment mechanism includes a connecting shaft that is rotatably installed relative to the rotating cylinder and connected to the plow body;

所述调节电机通过传动系统驱动各级调节机构运转;The regulating motor drives the regulating mechanisms at all levels to run through the transmission system;

所述传动系统包括主传动轴;所述主传动轴包括始终与所述连杆平行的主轴体,还包括置于所述主轴体两端的第一轴端以及第二轴端,所述主轴体与两个轴端分别通过第一万向节连接;The transmission system includes a main transmission shaft; the main transmission shaft includes a main shaft that is always parallel to the connecting rod, and also includes a first shaft end and a second shaft end placed at both ends of the main shaft, the main shaft Connect with the two shaft ends respectively through the first universal joint;

所述第一轴端以及所述第二轴端分别相对于所述安装座以及所述平动座转动连接;The first shaft end and the second shaft end are respectively rotatably connected with respect to the mounting seat and the translation seat;

所述调节电机与所述第一轴端直接驱动连接;所述第一轴端能够驱动所述一级调节机构运转,且两者之间设置有第一离合器;The adjustment motor is directly driven and connected to the first shaft end; the first shaft end can drive the operation of the primary adjustment mechanism, and a first clutch is arranged between them;

所述第二轴端能够驱动所述二级调节机构及所述三级调节机构运转,且其所述二级调节机构及所述三级调节机构之间分别设置有第二离合器以及第三离合器。The second shaft end can drive the secondary regulating mechanism and the tertiary regulating mechanism to operate, and a second clutch and a third clutch are respectively arranged between the secondary regulating mechanism and the tertiary regulating mechanism .

进一步地,所述一级调节机构还包括第一螺杆、转动座以及第一螺纹座;Further, the primary adjustment mechanism also includes a first screw, a rotating seat and a first threaded seat;

所述连杆的两端分别通过销轴连接所述安装座以及所述平动座;Both ends of the connecting rod are respectively connected to the mounting seat and the translation seat through pin shafts;

所述转动座与其中一个所述连杆及所述安装座之间的所述销轴同轴安装,所述第一螺纹座与另一个所述连杆及所述平动座之间的所述销轴同轴安装;所述第一螺杆相对于所述转动座转动安装,且其与所述第一螺纹座构成螺纹副配合;The rotating seat is installed coaxially with the pin shaft between one of the connecting rods and the mounting seat, and the first threaded seat is connected to the other connecting rod and the translation seat. The pin shafts are installed coaxially; the first screw rod is installed in rotation relative to the rotating seat, and it cooperates with the first threaded seat to form a thread pair;

所述第一轴端通过第一同步带组件将动力传递至第一过渡轴,所述第一过渡轴与所述第一螺杆之间通过第二万向节连接。The first shaft end transmits power to the first transition shaft through the first synchronous belt assembly, and the first transition shaft is connected to the first screw rod through a second universal joint.

进一步地,所述二级调节机构还包括第二螺杆、第二螺纹座以及相对于所述平动座固定安装的第二转动座;Further, the secondary adjustment mechanism also includes a second screw, a second threaded seat, and a second rotating seat fixedly installed relative to the translation seat;

所述第二螺杆相对于所述第二转动座转动安装,所述第二螺纹座与所述第二螺杆两者构成螺纹副配合,所述俯仰座上形成有滑槽,所述第二螺纹座上形成有置于所述滑槽内并能够在所述滑槽内滑动的置入部;The second screw rod is rotatably installed relative to the second rotating seat, and the second threaded seat and the second screw rod form a thread pair to cooperate, and a slide groove is formed on the pitch seat, and the second screw thread The seat is formed with an insertion part placed in the chute and capable of sliding in the chute;

所述第二轴端及所述第二螺杆的端部分别安装有第一伞齿轮以及第二伞齿轮,两个伞齿轮相互啮合;所述第二离合器安装在所述第二伞齿轮与所述第二螺杆之间。The second shaft end and the end of the second screw rod are respectively equipped with a first bevel gear and a second bevel gear, and the two bevel gears mesh with each other; the second clutch is installed between the second bevel gear and the second bevel gear. Between the second screw.

进一步地,所述俯仰座通过第一转轴转动安装在所述平动座上,所述第一转轴与所述俯仰座及所述平动座均为转动连接关系;Further, the pitch seat is rotatably mounted on the translation seat through a first rotating shaft, and the first rotating shaft is in a rotational connection with the pitch seat and the translation seat;

所述第一转轴的一端安装有与其垂直设置的第二转轴,两者之间通过伞齿轮组建立传动关系;One end of the first rotating shaft is installed with a second rotating shaft perpendicular to it, and a transmission relationship is established between the two through a bevel gear set;

所述平动座的后端固定有扇形板,所述扇形板上形成有弧形槽;所述第二转轴的端部安装有能够沿着所述弧形槽滑动的滑动座;The rear end of the translation seat is fixed with a fan-shaped plate, and an arc-shaped groove is formed on the fan-shaped plate; a sliding seat capable of sliding along the arc-shaped groove is installed at the end of the second rotating shaft;

所述连接轴上固定有扇形齿轮,所述滑动座上安装有与所述扇形齿轮啮合的调节齿轮,所述调节齿轮与所述第二转轴之间具有传动关系;A sector gear is fixed on the connecting shaft, an adjustment gear engaged with the sector gear is installed on the sliding seat, and there is a transmission relationship between the adjustment gear and the second rotating shaft;

所述第一转轴的另一端安装有蜗轮,所述平动座上安装有与所述蜗轮配合使用的蜗杆;所述蜗杆与所述第二轴端之间具有传动关系;所述第三离合器设置在所述蜗轮及所述第二轴端之间。A worm gear is installed on the other end of the first rotating shaft, and a worm used in conjunction with the worm gear is installed on the translation seat; there is a transmission relationship between the worm and the second shaft end; the third clutch It is arranged between the worm wheel and the second shaft end.

进一步地,所述滑动座具有分置于所述扇形板两侧的第一半座与第二半座;所述第二转轴转动连接所述第一半座,所述调节齿轮安装在所述第二半座上,所述第二转轴与所述调节齿轮之间通过第二同步带组件建立传动关系;Further, the sliding seat has a first half seat and a second half seat separated on both sides of the fan-shaped plate; the second rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the first half seat, and the adjustment gear is installed on the On the second half seat, a transmission relationship is established between the second rotating shaft and the adjustment gear through a second synchronous belt assembly;

所述扇形齿轮为中空结构,其中空部分具有弧形侧壁;所述第二半座上还转动安装有滚轮,所述滚轮与所述弧形侧壁始终接触。The sector gear is a hollow structure, and the hollow part has an arc-shaped side wall; a roller is rotatably installed on the second half seat, and the roller is always in contact with the arc-shaped side wall.

进一步地,所述第二轴端通过第三同步带组件以及第四同步带组件将动力传递给所述蜗杆。Further, the second shaft end transmits power to the worm through the third synchronous belt assembly and the fourth synchronous belt assembly.

有益效果:本发明的可自动调节犁体位姿的党参种植用开沟器,通过设置调节电机以及传动系统,使得调节电机可与各级调节机构驱动连接,实现对偏离量、俯仰角度以及偏转角度的分别调节,对各量的调节均由调节电机与离合器的协同作用完成,无需用户进行手动调节,如此,在带有该开沟器的机具作业过程中,可根据地形变化自动调节犁尖姿态及入土深度,如此可适应复杂地形的耕种,满足党参的开沟要求。Beneficial effects: the ditch opener for Codonopsis pilosula planting that can automatically adjust the position and posture of the plow body of the present invention, by setting the adjustment motor and the transmission system, the adjustment motor can be driven and connected with the adjustment mechanisms at all levels, and the adjustment of the deviation, pitch angle and deflection angle can be realized. The adjustment of each amount is completed by the synergy between the adjustment motor and the clutch, without manual adjustment by the user. In this way, the attitude of the plow tip can be automatically adjusted according to the terrain changes during the operation of the machine with this opener. And the depth of entry into the soil, so that it can adapt to the cultivation of complex terrain and meet the ditching requirements of Codonopsis pilosula.

附图说明Description of drawings

图1为可自动调节犁体位姿的党参种植用开沟器的侧视结构图;Fig. 1 is a side view structure diagram of a ditch opener for planting Codonopsis pilosula that can automatically adjust the posture of the plow body;

图2为可自动调节犁体位姿的党参种植用开沟器的俯视结构图;Fig. 2 is a top view structure diagram of a ditch opener for planting Codonopsis pilosula that can automatically adjust the posture of the plow body;

图3为可自动调节犁体位姿的党参种植用开沟器的第一视角立体结构图;Fig. 3 is a three-dimensional structure diagram of a first perspective view of a ditch opener for planting Codonopsis pilosula that can automatically adjust the position and posture of the plow body;

图4为图3中A部分的放大结构图;Fig. 4 is the enlarged structural diagram of part A in Fig. 3;

图5为图3中B部分的放大结构图;Fig. 5 is the enlarged structural diagram of part B in Fig. 3;

图6为可自动调节犁体位姿的党参种植用开沟器的第二视角立体结构图;Fig. 6 is a three-dimensional structure diagram of a second viewing angle of a ditch opener for planting Codonopsis pilosula that can automatically adjust the position and posture of the plow body;

图7为图6中C部分的放大结构图;Fig. 7 is an enlarged structure diagram of part C in Fig. 6;

图8为图6中D部分的放大结构图。FIG. 8 is an enlarged structure diagram of part D in FIG. 6 .

图中:1-安装座;2-犁体;3-一级调节机构;31-平动座;32-连杆;33-第一螺杆;34-转动座;35-第一螺纹座;36-销轴;4-二级调节机构;41-俯仰座;411-滑槽;42-转动筒;43-第二螺杆;44-第二螺纹座;441-置入部;45-第二转动座;46-第二伞齿轮;47-第一转轴;5-三级调节机构;51-连接轴;52-第二转轴;53-伞齿轮组;54-扇形板;541-弧形槽;55-滑动座;551-第一半座;552-第二半座;56-扇形齿轮;57-调节齿轮;58-蜗轮;59-蜗杆;510-第二同步带组件;520-滚轮;530-第三同步带组件;540-第四同步带组件;6-调节电机;71-主传动轴;711-主轴体;712-第一轴端;713-第二轴端;714-第一万向节;72-第一离合器;73-第二离合器;74-第三离合器;75-第一同步带组件;76-第一过渡轴;77-第二万向节;78-第一伞齿轮。Among the figure: 1-mounting seat; 2-plow body; 3-level adjustment mechanism; 31-translation seat; 32-connecting rod; 33-first screw rod; 34-rotary seat; 35-first thread seat; -pin shaft; 4-secondary adjustment mechanism; 41-pitch seat; 411-chute; 42-rotating cylinder; 43-second screw; 44-second threaded seat; Seat; 46-second bevel gear; 47-first rotating shaft; 5-three-stage adjustment mechanism; 51-connecting shaft; 52-second rotating shaft; 53-bevel gear set; 54-sector plate; 541-arc groove; 55-sliding seat; 551-first half seat; 552-second half seat; 56-sector gear; 57-adjusting gear; 58-worm wheel; 59-worm; 510-second synchronous belt assembly; - the third timing belt assembly; 540 - the fourth timing belt assembly; 6 - adjusting motor; 71 - main drive shaft; 711 - main shaft; 712 - first shaft end; 713 - second shaft end; 714 - the first ten thousand 72-first clutch; 73-second clutch; 74-third clutch; 75-first synchronous belt assembly; 76-first transition shaft; 77-second universal joint; 78-first bevel gear .

具体实施方式Detailed ways

下面结合附图对本发明作更进一步的说明。The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

如图1、2、3、6所示的可自动调节犁体位姿的党参种植用开沟器,其包括安装座1与犁体2;所述犁体2通过调节机构连接所述安装座1,所述调节机构包括分别用于调节偏离量、俯仰角度以及偏转角度的一级调节机构3、二级调节机构4以及三级调节机构5,还包括调节电机6;所述一级调节机构3包括平动座31,所述平动座31通过两个始终相互平行的连杆32连接所述安装座1,平动座31与连杆32之间及连杆32与安装座1之间均为转动连接关系;所述二级调节机构4包括转到安装在所述平动座31后侧的俯仰座41;所述俯仰座41的下侧安装有转动筒42,所述三级调节机构5包括相对于所述转动筒42转动安装、且连接所述犁体2的连接轴51;所述调节电机6通过传动系统7驱动各级调节机构运转;所述传动系统7包括主传动轴71;所述主传动轴71包括始终与所述连杆32平行的主轴体711,还包括置于所述主轴体711两端的第一轴端711以及第二轴端713,所述主轴体711与两个轴端分别通过第一万向节714连接;所述第一轴端711以及所述第二轴端713分别相对于所述安装座1以及所述平动座31转动连接;所述调节电机6与所述第一轴端711直接驱动连接;所述第一轴端711能够驱动所述一级调节机构3运转,且两者之间设置有第一离合器72;所述第二轴端713能够驱动所述二级调节机构4及所述三级调节机构5运转,且其所述二级调节机构4及所述三级调节机构5之间分别设置有第二离合器73以及第三离合器74。The Codonopsis ginseng planting opener that can automatically adjust the posture of the plow body as shown in Figures 1, 2, 3, and 6 includes a mounting seat 1 and a plow body 2; the plow body 2 is connected to the mounting seat 1 through an adjustment mechanism , the adjustment mechanism includes a first-level adjustment mechanism 3, a second-level adjustment mechanism 4, and a third-level adjustment mechanism 5 for adjusting deviation, pitch angle and deflection angle respectively, and also includes an adjustment motor 6; the first-level adjustment mechanism 3 Including a translation seat 31, the translation seat 31 is connected to the mounting seat 1 through two connecting rods 32 that are always parallel to each other, and the distance between the translation seat 31 and the connecting rod 32 and between the connecting rod 32 and the mounting seat 1 It is a rotational connection relationship; the secondary adjustment mechanism 4 includes a pitch seat 41 that is rotated to the rear side of the translation seat 31; 5 includes a connecting shaft 51 that is rotatably installed relative to the rotating cylinder 42 and is connected to the plow body 2; the adjustment motor 6 drives the adjustment mechanisms at all levels through the transmission system 7; the transmission system 7 includes a main transmission shaft 71 The main transmission shaft 71 includes a main shaft body 711 that is always parallel to the connecting rod 32, and also includes a first shaft end 711 and a second shaft end 713 placed at both ends of the main shaft body 711, the main shaft body 711 and the second shaft end 713 The two shaft ends are respectively connected by the first universal joint 714; the first shaft end 711 and the second shaft end 713 are rotationally connected with respect to the mounting seat 1 and the translation seat 31 respectively; the adjustment The motor 6 is directly driven and connected to the first shaft end 711; the first shaft end 711 can drive the primary adjustment mechanism 3 to run, and a first clutch 72 is arranged between the two; the second shaft end 713 can drive the operation of the secondary regulating mechanism 4 and the tertiary regulating mechanism 5, and the second clutch 73 and the third clutch are respectively arranged between the secondary regulating mechanism 4 and the tertiary regulating mechanism 5 74.

采用上述结构,可实现同一调节电机6驱动各级调节机构运转,以分别对犁体2的偏离量、俯仰角度以及偏转角度这三个变量进行调节,使得开沟器的结构较为紧凑。上述偏离量为犁体2中心偏离安装座1中心的距离。With the above structure, the same adjustment motor 6 can drive the adjustment mechanisms at all levels to adjust the deviation, pitch angle and deflection angle of the plow body 2 respectively, so that the structure of the opener is relatively compact. The above-mentioned deviation is the distance between the center of the plow body 2 and the center of the mounting base 1 .

需要调节某变量时,先确定需调节变量对应于哪一级调节机构,再控制对应调节机构的离合器处于能够传递动力的状态,并控制其他离合器断开,最后控制电机运转,即可对需调节变量进行调节。When a certain variable needs to be adjusted, first determine which level of adjustment mechanism the variable needs to be adjusted corresponds to, and then control the clutch of the corresponding adjustment mechanism to be in a state where power can be transmitted, and control other clutches to disconnect, and finally control the motor to run, and then the required adjustment can be made. Variables are adjusted.

上述结构中,主传动轴71的结构设计使得调节电机6的动力可穿过由平动座31以及两个连杆32组成的变形连接架,将动力传递至二级调节机构4与三级调节机构5,实现同一调节电机6驱动各级调节机构运转的设计目的。In the above structure, the structural design of the main transmission shaft 71 enables the power of the adjustment motor 6 to pass through the deformed connecting frame composed of the translation seat 31 and the two connecting rods 32, and transmit the power to the secondary adjustment mechanism 4 and the tertiary adjustment mechanism. Mechanism 5 realizes the design purpose that the same regulating motor 6 drives the operation of regulating mechanisms at all levels.

优选地,所述一级调节机构3还包括第一螺杆33、转动座34以及第一螺纹座35;所述连杆32的两端分别通过销轴36连接所述安装座1以及所述平动座31;所述转动座34与其中一个所述连杆32及所述安装座1之间的所述销轴36同轴安装,所述第一螺纹座35与另一个所述连杆32及所述平动座31之间的所述销轴36同轴安装;所述第一螺杆33相对于所述转动座34转动安装,且其与所述第一螺纹座35构成螺纹副配合;如图4所示,所述第一轴端711通过第一同步带组件75将动力传递至第一过渡轴76,所述第一过渡轴76与所述第一螺杆33之间通过第二万向节77连接。Preferably, the primary adjustment mechanism 3 further includes a first screw 33, a rotating seat 34 and a first threaded seat 35; The moving seat 31; the rotating seat 34 is coaxially installed with the pin shaft 36 between one of the connecting rods 32 and the mounting seat 1, and the first threaded seat 35 is connected to the other connecting rod 32 The pin shaft 36 between the translation seat 31 and the translation seat 31 is coaxially installed; the first screw rod 33 is rotatably installed relative to the rotary seat 34, and it forms a thread pair with the first thread seat 35; As shown in FIG. 4, the first shaft end 711 transmits power to the first transition shaft 76 through the first synchronous belt assembly 75, and the second transition shaft 76 and the first screw 33 pass through the second ten thousand Connect to section 77.

采用该一级调节机构3,在处于变形连接架对角位置的两个销轴36之间设置以第一螺杆33为主体的调节装置,通过使第一离合器72闭合其他离合器断开并驱动第一螺杆33转动,即可使变形连接架改变形态,实现对偏离量的调节,调节到位后,断开第一离合器72,由于第一螺杆33与第一螺纹座35之间能够自锁定,因此,变形连接架不会自行变形。Adopt this one-stage adjusting mechanism 3, set the adjusting device with the first screw rod 33 as the main body between the two pin shafts 36 in the diagonal position of the deformed connecting frame, by making the first clutch 72 close and other clutches disconnect and drive the first When the screw rod 33 rotates, the shape of the deformed connecting frame can be changed to realize the adjustment of the deviation. After the adjustment is in place, the first clutch 72 is disconnected. Since the first screw rod 33 and the first threaded seat 35 can be self-locked, therefore , the deformation connector will not deform itself.

优选地,所述二级调节机构4还包括第二螺杆43、第二螺纹座44以及相对于所述平动座31固定安装的第二转动座45;Preferably, the secondary adjustment mechanism 4 further includes a second screw 43 , a second threaded seat 44 and a second rotating seat 45 fixedly installed relative to the translation seat 31 ;

所述第二螺杆43相对于所述第二转动座45转动安装,所述第二螺纹座44与所述第二螺杆43两者构成螺纹副配合,所述俯仰座41上形成有滑槽411,所述第二螺纹座44上形成有置于所述滑槽411内并能够在所述滑槽411内滑动的置入部441;如图5所示,所述第二轴端713及所述第二螺杆43的端部分别安装有第一伞齿轮78以及第二伞齿轮46,两个伞齿轮相互啮合;所述第二离合器73安装在所述第二伞齿轮46与所述第二螺杆43之间。The second screw rod 43 is rotatably mounted relative to the second rotating seat 45 , the second threaded seat 44 and the second screw rod 43 form a thread pair, and the pitch seat 41 is formed with a chute 411 , the second threaded seat 44 is formed with an insertion portion 441 placed in the sliding groove 411 and capable of sliding in the sliding groove 411; as shown in Figure 5, the second shaft end 713 and the The ends of the second screw 43 are respectively installed with a first bevel gear 78 and a second bevel gear 46, and the two bevel gears mesh with each other; the second clutch 73 is installed between the second bevel gear 46 and the second bevel gear. Between the screw 43.

采用上述二级调节机构4,通过设置以第二螺杆43为主体的调节装置,当需要改变犁体2的高度时,使第二离合器73闭合并使其他离合器断开,然后驱动第二螺杆43转动,可使俯仰座41作俯仰运动,以调节犁体2的高度。同理,由于螺杆的自锁特性,调节后,俯仰座41不会自行改变高度。Using the above-mentioned secondary adjustment mechanism 4, by setting the adjustment device with the second screw rod 43 as the main body, when the height of the plow body 2 needs to be changed, the second clutch 73 is closed and the other clutches are disconnected, and then the second screw rod 43 is driven Rotate, can make pitching seat 41 do pitching motion, to regulate the height of plow body 2. Similarly, due to the self-locking characteristic of the screw rod, after adjustment, the pitch seat 41 will not change its height by itself.

优选地,所述俯仰座41通过第一转轴47转动安装在所述平动座31上,所述第一转轴47与所述俯仰座41及所述平动座31均为转动连接关系;如图7所示,所述第一转轴47的一端安装有与其垂直设置的第二转轴52,两者之间通过伞齿轮组53建立传动关系;所述平动座31的后端固定有扇形板54,所述扇形板54上形成有弧形槽541;所述第二转轴52的端部安装有能够沿着所述弧形槽541滑动的滑动座55;所述连接轴51上固定有扇形齿轮56,如图8所示,所述滑动座55上安装有与所述扇形齿轮56啮合的调节齿轮57,所述调节齿轮57与所述第二转轴52之间具有传动关系;如图5所示,所述第一转轴47的另一端安装有蜗轮58,所述平动座31上安装有与所述蜗轮58配合使用的蜗杆59;所述蜗杆59与所述第二轴端713之间具有传动关系;所述第三离合器74设置在所述蜗轮58及所述第二轴端713之间。Preferably, the pitch seat 41 is rotatably mounted on the translation seat 31 through a first rotating shaft 47, and the first rotating shaft 47 is in a rotationally connected relationship with the pitch seat 41 and the translation seat 31; As shown in Figure 7, one end of the first rotating shaft 47 is equipped with a second rotating shaft 52 perpendicular to it, and a transmission relationship is established between the two through a bevel gear set 53; the rear end of the translation seat 31 is fixed with a fan-shaped plate 54, an arc-shaped groove 541 is formed on the fan-shaped plate 54; a sliding seat 55 capable of sliding along the arc-shaped groove 541 is installed on the end of the second rotating shaft 52; Gear 56, as shown in Figure 8, an adjustment gear 57 meshing with the sector gear 56 is installed on the sliding seat 55, and there is a transmission relationship between the adjustment gear 57 and the second rotating shaft 52; as shown in Figure 5 As shown, the other end of the first rotating shaft 47 is equipped with a worm gear 58, and the translation seat 31 is equipped with a worm 59 used in conjunction with the worm gear 58; between the worm 59 and the second shaft end 713 There is a transmission relationship between them; the third clutch 74 is arranged between the worm wheel 58 and the second shaft end 713 .

上述结构中,以位于俯仰座41转动中心的第一转轴47为中转轴,围绕第一转轴47建立包括蜗轮蜗杆机构在内的动力接入结构以及包括第二转轴52、扇形齿轮56等部件在内的输出结构,巧妙地建立起了第二转轴52与连接轴51之间的传动关系。采用上述结构,三级调节机构5中的主要部件能够跟随俯仰座41做俯仰运动,且第二轴端713还能将动力传递至连接轴51,有效解决了俯仰座41是运动部件,动力难以传递至安装在其末端的连接轴51的难题。需要调节犁体2的偏转角度时,使第三离合器74闭合,并使其他离合器断开,然后驱动蜗杆59转动,即可使连接轴51转动。调节完成后,使第三离合器74保持在闭合状态。如此,通过蜗轮蜗杆机构的自锁特性,可保持犁体2不会自行改变角度。In the above structure, the first rotating shaft 47 located at the rotation center of the pitch seat 41 is used as the intermediate shaft, and the power access structure including the worm gear mechanism is established around the first rotating shaft 47, and the components including the second rotating shaft 52, the sector gear 56, etc. The internal output structure cleverly establishes the transmission relationship between the second rotating shaft 52 and the connecting shaft 51 . With the above-mentioned structure, the main components in the three-stage adjustment mechanism 5 can follow the pitching seat 41 to perform pitching motion, and the second shaft end 713 can also transmit power to the connecting shaft 51, which effectively solves the problem that the pitching seat 41 is a moving part, and the power is difficult. Difficulty transmitted to the connecting shaft 51 mounted at its end. When the deflection angle of the plow body 2 needs to be adjusted, the third clutch 74 is closed, and the other clutches are disconnected, and then the worm 59 is driven to rotate, so that the connecting shaft 51 can be rotated. After the adjustment is completed, the third clutch 74 is kept in the closed state. In this way, through the self-locking characteristic of the worm gear mechanism, the plow body 2 can be kept from changing the angle by itself.

优选地,如图8所示,所述滑动座55具有分置于所述扇形板54两侧的第一半座551与第二半座552;所述第二转轴52转动连接所述第一半座551,所述调节齿轮57安装在所述第二半座552上,所述第二转轴52与所述调节齿轮57之间通过第二同步带组件510建立传动关系;所述扇形齿轮56为中空结构,其中空部分具有弧形侧壁;所述第二半座552上还转动安装有滚轮520,所述滚轮520与所述弧形侧壁始终接触。Preferably, as shown in FIG. 8 , the sliding seat 55 has a first half seat 551 and a second half seat 552 separated on both sides of the fan-shaped plate 54; the second rotating shaft 52 is rotatably connected to the first Half seat 551, the adjustment gear 57 is mounted on the second half seat 552, and a transmission relationship is established between the second rotating shaft 52 and the adjustment gear 57 through the second synchronous belt assembly 510; the sector gear 56 It is a hollow structure, and the hollow part has an arc-shaped side wall; a roller 520 is rotatably installed on the second half seat 552, and the roller 520 is always in contact with the arc-shaped side wall.

将滑动座55设置成第一半座551与第二半座552的结构,可使第三调节机构5的结构较为分散,使得第二转轴52可从侧边将动力传递过来,并使调节齿轮57保持居中。通过设置滚轮520,调节齿轮57与滚轮520对扇形齿轮56的有齿部分构成夹持作用,不仅可保持扇形齿轮56与调节齿轮57之间的啮合,还能保证第三调节机构5的主要部分能够与俯仰座41一起做俯仰运动。The sliding seat 55 is set to the structure of the first half seat 551 and the second half seat 552, which can make the structure of the third adjustment mechanism 5 more dispersed, so that the second rotating shaft 52 can transmit power from the side, and make the adjustment gear 57 stays centered. By setting the roller 520, the adjustment gear 57 and the roller 520 form a clamping effect on the toothed part of the sector gear 56, which not only can maintain the meshing between the sector gear 56 and the adjustment gear 57, but also ensures the main part of the third adjustment mechanism 5 Can do pitch motion together with pitch seat 41.

优选地,所述第二轴端713通过第三同步带组件530以及第四同步带组件540将动力传递给所述蜗杆59。Preferably, the second shaft end 713 transmits power to the worm 59 through the third synchronous belt assembly 530 and the fourth synchronous belt assembly 540 .

实际使用中,上述第一离合器72处于常开状态,上述第二离合器73与第三离合器74处于常闭状态,第三离合器74处于常闭状态时为了保持犁体2不会自行偏转,第二离合器73处于常闭状态是因为实际使用中对俯仰角度的调节频率最高,不用频繁使第二离合器73闭合。In actual use, the above-mentioned first clutch 72 is in the normally open state, and the above-mentioned second clutch 73 and the third clutch 74 are in the normally closed state. When the third clutch 74 is in the normally closed state, in order to keep the plow body 2 from deflecting by itself, the second The reason why the clutch 73 is in the normally closed state is that the adjustment frequency of the pitch angle is the highest in actual use, and the second clutch 73 does not need to be closed frequently.

以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式,应当指出:对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明原理的前提下,还可以做出若干改进和润饰,这些改进和润饰也应视为本发明的保护范围。The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it should be pointed out that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the principle of the present invention, some improvements and modifications can also be made. It should be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. A furrower for planting codonopsis pilosula capable of automatically adjusting the pose of a plough body comprises a mounting seat (1) and a plough body (2); the plough body (2) is connected with the mounting base (1) through an adjusting mechanism, the adjusting mechanism comprises a first-stage adjusting mechanism (3), a second-stage adjusting mechanism (4) and a third-stage adjusting mechanism (5) which are respectively used for adjusting deviation, pitching angle and deflection angle, and the adjusting mechanism further comprises an adjusting motor (6); the primary adjusting mechanism (3) comprises a translation seat (31), and the translation seat (31) is connected with the mounting seat (1) through two connecting rods (32) which are parallel to each other all the time; the secondary adjusting mechanism (4) comprises a pitching seat (41) which is rotated and installed at the rear side of the translation seat (31); a rotating cylinder (42) is installed on the lower side of the pitching seat (41), and the three-stage adjusting mechanism (5) comprises a connecting shaft (51) which is installed in a rotating mode relative to the rotating cylinder (42) and is connected with the plough body (2); the method is characterized in that:
the adjusting motor (6) drives each stage of adjusting mechanism to operate through a transmission system (7);
the transmission system (7) comprises a main transmission shaft (71); the main transmission shaft (71) comprises a main shaft body (711) which is always parallel to the connecting rod (32), a first shaft end (712) and a second shaft end (713) which are arranged at two ends of the main shaft body (711), and the main shaft body (711) and the two shaft ends are respectively connected through a first universal joint (714);
the first shaft end (712) and the second shaft end (713) are rotatably connected with respect to the mounting seat (1) and the translational seat (31), respectively;
the adjusting motor (6) is in direct drive connection with the first shaft end (712); the first shaft end (712) can drive the primary adjusting mechanism (3) to operate, and a first clutch (72) is arranged between the first shaft end and the primary adjusting mechanism;
the second shaft end (713) can drive the secondary adjusting mechanism (4) and the tertiary adjusting mechanism (5) to operate, and a second clutch (73) and a third clutch (74) are respectively arranged between the secondary adjusting mechanism (4) and the tertiary adjusting mechanism (5).
2. The radix codonopsis planting furrower capable of automatically adjusting the pose of the plow body according to claim 1, wherein the primary adjusting mechanism (3) further comprises a first screw (33), a rotating seat (34) and a first thread seat (35);
two ends of the connecting rod (32) are respectively connected with the mounting seat (1) and the translation seat (31) through pin shafts (36);
the rotating seat (34) is coaxially mounted with the pin shaft (36) between one of the connecting rods (32) and the mounting seat (1), and the first threaded seat (35) is coaxially mounted with the pin shaft (36) between the other connecting rod (32) and the translation seat (31); the first screw (33) is rotatably mounted relative to the rotating seat (34) and forms a thread pair fit with the first thread seat (35);
the first shaft end (712) transmits power to a first transition shaft (76) through a first synchronous belt component (75), and the first transition shaft (76) is connected with the first screw (33) through a second universal joint (77).
3. The radix codonopsis planting furrow opener capable of automatically adjusting the plough body pose according to claim 1, wherein the secondary adjusting mechanism (4) further comprises a second screw rod (43), a second thread seat (44) and a second rotating seat (45) fixedly installed relative to the translation seat (31);
the second screw rod (43) is rotatably installed relative to the second rotating seat (45), the second screw thread seat (44) and the second screw rod (43) form thread pair matching, a sliding groove (411) is formed on the pitching seat (41), and an embedding part (441) which is arranged in the sliding groove (411) and can slide in the sliding groove (411) is formed on the second screw thread seat (44);
a first bevel gear (78) and a second bevel gear (46) are respectively arranged at the second shaft end (713) and the end part of the second screw rod (43), and the two bevel gears are meshed with each other; the second clutch (73) is mounted between the second bevel gear (46) and the second screw (43).
4. The radix codonopsis planting furrow opener capable of automatically adjusting the plough body pose according to claim 1, wherein the pitching seat (41) is rotatably mounted on the translation seat (31) through a first rotating shaft (47), and the first rotating shaft (47) is in a rotating connection relationship with the pitching seat (41) and the translation seat (31);
a second rotating shaft (52) which is perpendicular to the first rotating shaft (47) is arranged at one end of the first rotating shaft (47), and a transmission relation is established between the first rotating shaft and the second rotating shaft through a bevel gear set (53);
a sector plate (54) is fixed at the rear end of the translation seat (31), and an arc-shaped groove (541) is formed in the sector plate (54); a sliding seat (55) capable of sliding along the arc-shaped groove (541) is installed at the end part of the second rotating shaft (52);
a sector gear (56) is fixed on the connecting shaft (51), an adjusting gear (57) meshed with the sector gear (56) is mounted on the sliding seat (55), and a transmission relation is formed between the adjusting gear (57) and the second rotating shaft (52);
a worm wheel (58) is installed at the other end of the first rotating shaft (47), and a worm (59) matched with the worm wheel (58) is installed on the translation seat (31); the worm (59) has a drive relationship with the second shaft end (713); the third clutch (74) is disposed between the worm gear (58) and the second shaft end (713).
5. The radix codonopsis planting furrow opener capable of automatically adjusting the plow body pose according to claim 4, wherein the sliding seat (55) is provided with a first half seat (551) and a second half seat (552) which are respectively arranged at two sides of the sector plate (54); the second rotating shaft (52) is rotatably connected with the first half seat (551), the adjusting gear (57) is installed on the second half seat (552), and a transmission relation is established between the second rotating shaft (52) and the adjusting gear (57) through a second synchronous belt assembly (510);
the sector gear (56) is of a hollow structure, wherein the hollow part is provided with an arc-shaped side wall; and a roller (520) is also rotatably arranged on the second half seat (552), and the roller (520) is always in contact with the arc-shaped side wall.
6. The radix codonopsis planting furrow opener capable of automatically adjusting the pose of the plow body according to claim 1, wherein the second axial end (713) transmits power to the worm (59) through a third synchronous belt assembly (530) and a fourth synchronous belt assembly (540).
CN202211190336.XA 2022-09-28 2022-09-28 Furrow opener capable of automatically adjusting position and posture of plough body for planting codonopsis pilosula Active CN115643857B (en)

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JPH07170819A (en) * 1993-12-20 1995-07-11 Kubota Corp Sulky rice transplanter
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CN102763498A (en) * 2012-07-23 2012-11-07 刘芯利 Adjustable upland plough
CN204047026U (en) * 2014-09-20 2014-12-31 山东阳光园林建设有限公司 Novel minitiller single plow
CN207070609U (en) * 2017-06-14 2018-03-06 榆林学院 Ditching device based on seed plantation depth-adjustable
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JPH07170819A (en) * 1993-12-20 1995-07-11 Kubota Corp Sulky rice transplanter
CN2348543Y (en) * 1998-08-25 1999-11-17 李龙勋 Special plough for walking tractor
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