CN115641618B - Fingerprint sensor and electronic equipment - Google Patents

Fingerprint sensor and electronic equipment Download PDF

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CN115641618B
CN115641618B CN202111433636.1A CN202111433636A CN115641618B CN 115641618 B CN115641618 B CN 115641618B CN 202111433636 A CN202111433636 A CN 202111433636A CN 115641618 B CN115641618 B CN 115641618B
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fingerprint
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CN115641618A (en
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谢朝阳
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Honor Device Co Ltd
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Abstract

The embodiment of the application provides a fingerprint sensor and electronic equipment. The fingerprint sensor comprises a light emitting component, a magnetic film, a magneto-optical medium layer, an analyzer and an image sensor. The light exit assembly is configured to emit linearly polarized light. The magnetic film is arranged on one side of the light emitting component. The surface of the magnetic film facing away from the light emitting component is a fingerprint receiving area. The magneto-optical medium layer is arranged on the other side of the light emitting component. The magnetic thin film is arranged opposite to the magneto-optical medium layer. The magneto-optical medium layer is located in the magnetic field generated by the magnetic film. The magneto-optical medium layer is configured to receive linearly polarized light and rotate the linearly polarized light. The analyzer is arranged on one side of the magneto-optical medium layer, which is opposite to the light emitting component. The analyzer has a first polarization direction that allows light to pass therethrough. The vibration direction of the linearly polarized light intersects the first polarization direction. The image sensor is arranged on one side of the analyzer, which is away from the magneto-optical medium layer. The image sensor is configured to receive the linearly polarized light exiting the analyzer. The fingerprint sensor can effectively improve fingerprint identification accuracy.

Description

指纹传感器以及电子设备Fingerprint sensors and electronic devices

技术领域Technical field

本申请实施例涉及终端技术领域,特别涉及一种指纹传感器以及电子设备。Embodiments of the present application relate to the field of terminal technology, and in particular to a fingerprint sensor and electronic equipment.

背景技术Background technique

随着智能手机或平板电脑(portable equipment,PAD)等电子设备的爆发式增长,电子设备的功能越来越多。随着用户对信息数据安全意识的提高,越来越多的电子设备增加了不同的加密方式。例如,人类手指的末端指腹上具有由凹凸不平的皮肤所形成的指纹。每个人的指纹纹路在图案、断点和交叉点上各不相同,从而使得指纹具有唯一性和稳定性。由于人体的指纹特征具有唯一性和稳定性的特点,因此随着技术的发展,越来越多的电子设备采用指纹识别技术来对电子设备进行解锁或加密,从而有效提高电子设备使用过程中的个人信息的安全性。With the explosive growth of electronic devices such as smartphones or tablet computers (PADs), electronic devices have more and more functions. As users become more aware of information data security, more and more electronic devices have added different encryption methods. For example, the distal pads of human fingers have fingerprints formed by uneven skin. Each person's fingerprint pattern is different in patterns, breakpoints and intersections, making the fingerprint unique and stable. Since the fingerprint characteristics of the human body are unique and stable, with the development of technology, more and more electronic devices use fingerprint recognition technology to unlock or encrypt electronic devices, thereby effectively improving the security of electronic devices during use. Security of Personal Information.

目前,电子设备上采用的指纹识别技术为光学式指纹识别技术。在通过指纹进行相关操作时,将手指放置于指纹接触区域,通过光的折射和反射在图像传感器上形成指纹图像。获取的指纹图像与电子设备内初次录入的指纹图像进行对比,最后进行识别判断。然而,在用户手指处于湿润状态时,用户的手指无法被光学指纹识别系统识别,从而导致光学指纹识别失效,影响电子设备的使用便利性和体验。Currently, the fingerprint recognition technology used in electronic devices is optical fingerprint recognition technology. When performing related operations through fingerprints, the finger is placed on the fingerprint contact area, and a fingerprint image is formed on the image sensor through the refraction and reflection of light. The acquired fingerprint image is compared with the fingerprint image recorded for the first time in the electronic device, and finally the identification judgment is made. However, when the user's fingers are in a wet state, the user's fingers cannot be recognized by the optical fingerprint recognition system, causing the optical fingerprint recognition to fail and affecting the convenience and experience of using the electronic device.

发明内容Contents of the invention

本申请实施例提供一种指纹传感器以及电子设备,能够有效提高指纹传感器的识别准确率,降低指纹识别失效的可能性,提升电子设备的使用便利性和体验。Embodiments of the present application provide a fingerprint sensor and an electronic device, which can effectively improve the recognition accuracy of the fingerprint sensor, reduce the possibility of fingerprint recognition failure, and improve the convenience and experience of using the electronic device.

本申请第一方面提供一种指纹传感器,其至少包括出光组件、磁性薄膜、磁光介质层、检偏器和图像传感器。出光组件被配置为出射线偏振光。磁性薄膜设置于出光组件的一侧。磁性薄膜背向出光组件的表面为指纹接收区域。磁光介质层设置于出光组件的另一侧。磁性薄膜与磁光介质层相对设置。磁光介质层位于磁性薄膜产生的磁场中。磁光介质层被配置为接收线偏振光并且使线偏振光旋转。检偏器设置于磁光介质层背向出光组件的一侧。检偏器具有允许透过光线的第一偏振方向。线偏振光的振动方向与第一偏振方向相交。图像传感器设置于检偏器背向磁光介质层的一侧。图像传感器被配置为接收从检偏器出射的线偏振光。A first aspect of this application provides a fingerprint sensor, which at least includes a light emitting component, a magnetic film, a magneto-optical medium layer, a polarizer and an image sensor. The light emitting component is configured to emit linearly polarized light. The magnetic film is arranged on one side of the light emitting component. The surface of the magnetic film facing away from the light emitting component is the fingerprint receiving area. The magneto-optical medium layer is disposed on the other side of the light emitting component. The magnetic film is arranged opposite to the magneto-optical medium layer. The magneto-optical medium layer is located in the magnetic field generated by the magnetic film. The magneto-optical medium layer is configured to receive linearly polarized light and rotate the linearly polarized light. The analyzer is disposed on the side of the magneto-optical medium layer facing away from the light emitting component. The analyzer has a first polarization direction that allows light to pass through. The vibration direction of linearly polarized light intersects the first polarization direction. The image sensor is arranged on the side of the analyzer facing away from the magneto-optical medium layer. The image sensor is configured to receive linearly polarized light emerging from the analyzer.

本申请实施例的指纹传感器,用户的指纹未按压磁性薄膜时,通过磁光介质层和检偏器的线偏振光的光线强度未发生变化,从而图像传感器上的图像未发生变化。用户的指纹按压磁性薄膜时,由于磁性薄膜产生的磁场的磁感应强度相应地发生了变化,因此与指纹对应的区域,透过磁光介质层和检偏器并出射的线偏振光的光线强度发生变化,从而图像传感器上接收的光线强度发生变化,使得图像传感器上图像发生了变化并成像相应的指纹轮廓。然后,通过对指纹轮廓进行识别比对,以实现电子设备执行相应的指令。In the fingerprint sensor of the embodiment of the present application, when the user's fingerprint does not press the magnetic film, the intensity of the linearly polarized light passing through the magneto-optical medium layer and the analyzer does not change, so the image on the image sensor does not change. When the user's fingerprint presses the magnetic film, the magnetic induction intensity of the magnetic field generated by the magnetic film changes accordingly. Therefore, in the area corresponding to the fingerprint, the light intensity of the linearly polarized light that passes through the magneto-optical medium layer and the analyzer and emerges changes. The intensity of light received on the image sensor changes, causing the image on the image sensor to change and imaging the corresponding fingerprint outline. Then, by identifying and comparing the fingerprint outline, the electronic device executes the corresponding instructions.

在用户的指纹处于湿润状态下,用户的指纹与磁性薄膜接触时,用户的皮肤和磁性薄膜会共同挤压液体,使液体向其他区域流动,从而磁性薄膜上与指纹的凸起和凹部对应的区域会发生厚度变化,使得磁感应强度仍会发生变化,不会受到液体的影响。因此,指纹传感器仍然可以准确获取指纹数据,有效提高指纹传感器的识别准确率,降低指纹识别失效的可能性,提升电子设备的使用便利性和体验。When the user's fingerprint is in a wet state and the user's fingerprint comes into contact with the magnetic film, the user's skin and the magnetic film will squeeze the liquid together, causing the liquid to flow to other areas. The thickness of the area will change, so that the magnetic induction intensity will still change and will not be affected by the liquid. Therefore, the fingerprint sensor can still accurately obtain fingerprint data, effectively improve the recognition accuracy of the fingerprint sensor, reduce the possibility of fingerprint recognition failure, and improve the convenience and experience of using electronic devices.

在一种可能的实施方式中,出光组件包括发光单元和起偏器。起偏器设置于发光单元和磁光介质层之间。起偏器被配置为将发光单元出射的光线转换为线偏振光。起偏器具有允许透过光线的第二偏振方向。第一偏振方向与第二偏振方向相交。在指纹传感器未与指纹接触的初始状态时,从起偏器出射的线偏振光经过磁光介质层和检偏器,然后线偏振光的一部分可以透过检偏器,从而使得图像传感器的接收面呈现预定亮度。In a possible implementation, the light emitting component includes a light emitting unit and a polarizer. The polarizer is arranged between the light-emitting unit and the magneto-optical medium layer. The polarizer is configured to convert the light emitted from the light-emitting unit into linearly polarized light. The polarizer has a second polarization direction that allows light to pass through. The first polarization direction intersects the second polarization direction. In the initial state when the fingerprint sensor is not in contact with the fingerprint, the linearly polarized light emitted from the polarizer passes through the magneto-optical medium layer and the analyzer, and then part of the linearly polarized light can pass through the analyzer, thereby allowing the image sensor to receive The surface displays a predetermined brightness.

在一种可能的实施方式中,出光组件包括导光层和起偏器。起偏器设置于导光层和磁光介质层之间。起偏器被配置为将从导光层出射的光线转换为线偏振光。起偏器具有允许透过光线的第二偏振方向。第一偏振方向与第二偏振方向相交。指纹传感器中,磁性薄膜、导光层、起偏器、磁光介质层和检偏器均不需要输入或输出电信号,从而不需要额外设置相应的电路模块,使得指纹传感器整体的电路模块设计简单,进而使得指纹传感器整体结构简单。In a possible implementation, the light emitting component includes a light guide layer and a polarizer. The polarizer is arranged between the light guide layer and the magneto-optical medium layer. The polarizer is configured to convert light emitted from the light guide layer into linearly polarized light. The polarizer has a second polarization direction that allows light to pass through. The first polarization direction intersects the second polarization direction. In the fingerprint sensor, the magnetic film, light guide layer, polarizer, magneto-optical medium layer and analyzer do not need to input or output electrical signals, so there is no need to set up additional corresponding circuit modules, making the overall circuit module design of the fingerprint sensor Simple, thus making the overall structure of the fingerprint sensor simple.

在一种可能的实施方式中,第一偏振方向与第二偏振方向之间的夹角的取值范围为70°至80°。In a possible implementation, the angle between the first polarization direction and the second polarization direction ranges from 70° to 80°.

在一种可能的实施方式中,在磁光介质层面向磁性薄膜的表面上直接设置起偏器。起偏器和磁光介质层之间未额外设置其他连接件,从而一方面,从起偏器出射的线偏振光可以直接入射到磁光介质层中,有利于降低线偏振光的衰减率,同时有利于降低线偏振光在额外设置的连接件中发生折射或反射而对线偏振光形成干扰的可能性;另一方面,可以减小起偏器和磁光介质层的整体厚度,有利于保证磁性薄膜的磁场有效作用于磁光介质层,降低因起偏器和磁光介质层的整体厚度较大而导致磁光介质层处的磁感应强度偏弱,无法使得磁光介质层内的线偏振光发生旋转或者旋转角度未达到预定角度的可能性;再一方面,可以有利于减小指纹传感器整体的厚度,从而使得指纹传感器整体结构更加紧凑,可以实现指纹传感器的小型化设计。In a possible implementation, a polarizer is directly provided on the surface of the magneto-optical medium layer facing the magnetic film. There are no additional connections between the polarizer and the magneto-optical medium layer, so on the one hand, the linearly polarized light emitted from the polarizer can be directly incident into the magneto-optical medium layer, which is beneficial to reducing the attenuation rate of the linearly polarized light. At the same time, it is helpful to reduce the possibility of linearly polarized light being refracted or reflected in additional connectors and causing interference to linearly polarized light; on the other hand, it can reduce the overall thickness of the polarizer and the magneto-optical medium layer, which is beneficial to Ensure that the magnetic field of the magnetic film effectively acts on the magneto-optical medium layer, and reduce the weak magnetic induction intensity at the magneto-optical medium layer due to the large overall thickness of the polarizer and magneto-optical medium layer, making it impossible to make the lines in the magneto-optical medium layer It is possible that the polarized light rotates or the rotation angle does not reach a predetermined angle; on the other hand, it can help reduce the overall thickness of the fingerprint sensor, thereby making the overall structure of the fingerprint sensor more compact and realizing a miniaturized design of the fingerprint sensor.

在一种可能的实施方式中,在磁光介质层面向图像传感器的表面上直接设置检偏器。检偏器和磁光介质层之间未额外设置其他连接件,从而从磁光介质层出射的线偏振光可以直接入射到检偏器中,有利于降低线偏振光的衰减率,同时有利于降低线偏振光在额外设置的连接件中发生折射或反射而对线偏振光形成干扰的可能性。In a possible implementation, the analyzer is directly disposed on the surface of the magneto-optical medium layer facing the image sensor. There are no additional connections between the analyzer and the magneto-optical medium layer, so the linearly polarized light emitted from the magneto-optical medium layer can be directly incident on the analyzer, which is beneficial to reducing the attenuation rate of the linearly polarized light and at the same time Reduce the possibility of linearly polarized light being refracted or reflected in additional connectors and causing interference to linearly polarized light.

在一种可能的实施方式中,起偏器为偏振片;或者,检偏器为偏振片。起偏器或者检偏器自身厚度较小,有利于减小指纹传感器整体的厚度。起偏器为偏振片时,可以有效降低因起偏器自身厚度较大而对磁性薄膜的磁场产生不良影响的可能性。In a possible implementation, the polarizer is a polarizing plate; or the analyzer is a polarizing plate. The thickness of the polarizer or analyzer itself is small, which is beneficial to reducing the overall thickness of the fingerprint sensor. When the polarizer is a polarizing plate, it can effectively reduce the possibility of adverse effects on the magnetic field of the magnetic film due to the large thickness of the polarizer itself.

在一种可能的实施方式中,磁光介质层的材料为稀土石榴石晶体,从而可以使得磁光介质层的费尔德(Verdet)常数较大,有利于减小磁光介质层的厚度。In one possible implementation, the material of the magneto-optical medium layer is a rare earth garnet crystal, which can make the Verdet constant of the magneto-optical medium layer larger, which is beneficial to reducing the thickness of the magneto-optical medium layer.

在一种可能的实施方式中,磁性薄膜为纳米磁性液体薄膜,从而使得磁性薄膜具有较好的柔性,在手指的指纹按压时容易发生变形。In a possible implementation, the magnetic film is a nanomagnetic liquid film, so that the magnetic film has good flexibility and is easily deformed when pressed by a fingerprint.

在一种可能的实施方式中,出光组件包括出光部。出光部面向磁光介质层设置。出光组件出射的光线朝向磁光介质层传播,从而有效减少出光组件朝向磁性薄膜的出光量,降低出光组件出射的光线朝向磁性薄膜传播而导致磁性薄膜反射的光线或者手指本身反射的光线最终投影到图像传感器上,进而影响图像传感器上指纹图像的清晰度和指纹识别精度的可能性。In a possible implementation, the light emitting component includes a light emitting part. The light output part is arranged facing the magneto-optical medium layer. The light emitted from the light emitting component propagates toward the magneto-optical medium layer, thereby effectively reducing the amount of light emitted from the light emitting component toward the magnetic film, and reducing the light emitted from the light emitting component from propagating toward the magnetic film, causing the light reflected by the magnetic film or the light reflected by the finger itself to eventually be projected onto on the image sensor, thereby affecting the clarity of the fingerprint image on the image sensor and the possibility of fingerprint recognition accuracy.

在一种可能的实施方式中,指纹传感器还包括隔光层。隔光层设置于磁性薄膜和出光组件之间。隔光层被配置为隔离出光组件和磁性薄膜,从而一方面,可以阻挡出光组件出射的光线朝向磁性薄膜传播;另一方面,可以阻挡指纹传感器的外界光线穿过磁性薄膜入射到磁光介质和图像传感器,有利于降低外界光线在图像传感器上成像而影响指纹图像的清晰度和指纹识别精度的可能性。In a possible implementation, the fingerprint sensor further includes a light-blocking layer. The light-isolating layer is disposed between the magnetic film and the light-emitting component. The light-isolating layer is configured to isolate the light-emitting component and the magnetic film, so that on the one hand, it can block the light emitted from the light-emitting component from propagating toward the magnetic film; on the other hand, it can block the external light from the fingerprint sensor from passing through the magnetic film and being incident on the magneto-optical medium and Image sensor, which helps reduce the possibility of external light imaging on the image sensor and affecting the clarity of the fingerprint image and the accuracy of fingerprint recognition.

在一种可能的实施方式中,通过镀膜工艺或涂覆工艺在出光组件面向磁性薄膜的表面上加工形成隔光层,从而使得隔光层自身厚度较小。In a possible implementation, a light-isolating layer is formed on the surface of the light-emitting component facing the magnetic film through a plating process or a coating process, so that the thickness of the light-isolating layer itself is smaller.

在一种可能的实施方式中,隔光层的材料为具有吸收光线性能的材料。出光组件出射的光线入射到隔光层后,隔光层可以吸收这些光线,从而有利于降低光线在隔光层发生反射的可能性,进而降低从隔光层反射的光线在图像传感器上成像而影响指纹图像的清晰度和指纹识别精度的可能性。In a possible implementation, the material of the light-blocking layer is a material with light-absorbing properties. After the light emitted from the light-emitting component is incident on the light-isolating layer, the light-isolating layer can absorb the light, thereby helping to reduce the possibility of light reflection on the light-isolating layer, thereby reducing the risk of the light reflected from the light-isolating layer being imaged on the image sensor. The possibility of affecting the clarity of the fingerprint image and the accuracy of fingerprint recognition.

本申请第二方面提供一种电子设备,其至少包括上述的指纹传感器。指纹传感器至少包括出光组件、磁性薄膜、磁光介质层、检偏器和图像传感器。出光组件被配置为出射线偏振光。磁性薄膜设置于出光组件的一侧。磁性薄膜背向出光组件的表面为指纹接收区域。磁光介质层设置于出光组件的另一侧。磁性薄膜与磁光介质层相对设置。磁光介质层位于磁性薄膜产生的磁场中。磁光介质层被配置为接收线偏振光并且使线偏振光旋转。检偏器设置于磁光介质层背向出光组件的一侧。检偏器具有允许透过光线的第一偏振方向。线偏振光的振动方向与第一偏振方向相交。图像传感器设置于检偏器背向磁光介质层的一侧。图像传感器被配置为接收从检偏器出射的线偏振光。A second aspect of the present application provides an electronic device, which at least includes the above fingerprint sensor. The fingerprint sensor at least includes a light emitting component, a magnetic film, a magneto-optical medium layer, a polarizer and an image sensor. The light emitting component is configured to emit linearly polarized light. The magnetic film is arranged on one side of the light emitting component. The surface of the magnetic film facing away from the light emitting component is the fingerprint receiving area. The magneto-optical medium layer is disposed on the other side of the light emitting component. The magnetic film is arranged opposite to the magneto-optical medium layer. The magneto-optical medium layer is located in the magnetic field generated by the magnetic film. The magneto-optical medium layer is configured to receive linearly polarized light and rotate the linearly polarized light. The analyzer is disposed on the side of the magneto-optical medium layer facing away from the light emitting component. The analyzer has a first polarization direction that allows light to pass through. The vibration direction of linearly polarized light intersects the first polarization direction. The image sensor is arranged on the side of the analyzer facing away from the magneto-optical medium layer. The image sensor is configured to receive linearly polarized light emerging from the analyzer.

在一种可能的实施方式中,出光组件包括发光单元和起偏器。起偏器设置于发光单元和磁光介质层之间。起偏器被配置为将发光单元出射的光线转换为线偏振光。起偏器具有允许透过光线的第二偏振方向。第一偏振方向与第二偏振方向相交。在指纹传感器未与指纹接触的初始状态时,从起偏器出射的线偏振光经过磁光介质层和检偏器,然后线偏振光的一部分可以透过检偏器,从而使得图像传感器的接收面呈现预定亮度。In a possible implementation, the light emitting component includes a light emitting unit and a polarizer. The polarizer is arranged between the light-emitting unit and the magneto-optical medium layer. The polarizer is configured to convert the light emitted from the light-emitting unit into linearly polarized light. The polarizer has a second polarization direction that allows light to pass through. The first polarization direction intersects the second polarization direction. In the initial state when the fingerprint sensor is not in contact with the fingerprint, the linearly polarized light emitted from the polarizer passes through the magneto-optical medium layer and the analyzer, and then part of the linearly polarized light can pass through the analyzer, thereby allowing the image sensor to receive The surface displays a predetermined brightness.

在一种可能的实施方式中,出光组件包括导光层和起偏器。起偏器设置于导光层和磁光介质层之间。起偏器被配置为将从导光层出射的光线转换为线偏振光。起偏器具有允许透过光线的第二偏振方向。第一偏振方向与第二偏振方向相交。指纹传感器中,磁性薄膜、导光层、起偏器、磁光介质层和检偏器均不需要输入或输出电信号,从而不需要额外设置相应的电路模块,使得指纹传感器整体的电路模块设计简单,进而使得指纹传感器整体结构简单。In a possible implementation, the light emitting component includes a light guide layer and a polarizer. The polarizer is arranged between the light guide layer and the magneto-optical medium layer. The polarizer is configured to convert light emitted from the light guide layer into linearly polarized light. The polarizer has a second polarization direction that allows light to pass through. The first polarization direction intersects the second polarization direction. In the fingerprint sensor, the magnetic film, light guide layer, polarizer, magneto-optical medium layer and analyzer do not need to input or output electrical signals, so there is no need to set up additional corresponding circuit modules, making the overall circuit module design of the fingerprint sensor Simple, thus making the overall structure of the fingerprint sensor simple.

在一种可能的实施方式中,第一偏振方向与第二偏振方向之间的夹角的取值范围为70°至80°。In a possible implementation, the angle between the first polarization direction and the second polarization direction ranges from 70° to 80°.

在一种可能的实施方式中,在磁光介质层面向磁性薄膜的表面上直接设置起偏器。起偏器和磁光介质层之间未额外设置其他连接件,从而一方面,从起偏器出射的线偏振光可以直接入射到磁光介质层中,有利于降低线偏振光的衰减率,同时有利于降低线偏振光在额外设置的连接件中发生折射或反射而对线偏振光形成干扰的可能性;另一方面,可以减小起偏器和磁光介质层的整体厚度,有利于保证磁性薄膜的磁场有效作用于磁光介质层,降低因起偏器和磁光介质层的整体厚度较大而导致磁光介质层处的磁感应强度偏弱,无法使得磁光介质层内的线偏振光发生旋转或者旋转角度未达到预定角度的可能性;再一方面,可以有利于减小指纹传感器整体的厚度,从而使得指纹传感器整体结构更加紧凑,可以实现指纹传感器的小型化设计。In a possible implementation, a polarizer is directly provided on the surface of the magneto-optical medium layer facing the magnetic film. There are no additional connections between the polarizer and the magneto-optical medium layer, so on the one hand, the linearly polarized light emitted from the polarizer can be directly incident into the magneto-optical medium layer, which is beneficial to reducing the attenuation rate of the linearly polarized light. At the same time, it is helpful to reduce the possibility of linearly polarized light being refracted or reflected in additional connectors and causing interference to linearly polarized light; on the other hand, it can reduce the overall thickness of the polarizer and the magneto-optical medium layer, which is beneficial to Ensure that the magnetic field of the magnetic film effectively acts on the magneto-optical medium layer, and reduce the weak magnetic induction intensity at the magneto-optical medium layer due to the large overall thickness of the polarizer and magneto-optical medium layer, making it impossible to make the lines in the magneto-optical medium layer It is possible that the polarized light rotates or the rotation angle does not reach a predetermined angle; on the other hand, it can help reduce the overall thickness of the fingerprint sensor, thereby making the overall structure of the fingerprint sensor more compact and realizing a miniaturized design of the fingerprint sensor.

在一种可能的实施方式中,在磁光介质层面向图像传感器的表面上直接设置检偏器。检偏器和磁光介质层之间未额外设置其他连接件,从而从磁光介质层出射的线偏振光可以直接入射到检偏器中,有利于降低线偏振光的衰减率,同时有利于降低线偏振光在额外设置的连接件中发生折射或反射而对线偏振光形成干扰的可能性。In a possible implementation, the analyzer is directly disposed on the surface of the magneto-optical medium layer facing the image sensor. There are no additional connections between the analyzer and the magneto-optical medium layer, so the linearly polarized light emitted from the magneto-optical medium layer can be directly incident on the analyzer, which is beneficial to reducing the attenuation rate of the linearly polarized light and at the same time Reduce the possibility of linearly polarized light being refracted or reflected in additional connectors and causing interference to linearly polarized light.

在一种可能的实施方式中,起偏器为偏振片;或者,检偏器为偏振片。起偏器或者检偏器自身厚度较小,有利于减小指纹传感器整体的厚度。起偏器为偏振片时,可以有效降低因起偏器自身厚度较大而对磁性薄膜的磁场产生不良影响的可能性。In a possible implementation, the polarizer is a polarizing plate; or the analyzer is a polarizing plate. The thickness of the polarizer or analyzer itself is small, which is beneficial to reducing the overall thickness of the fingerprint sensor. When the polarizer is a polarizing plate, it can effectively reduce the possibility of adverse effects on the magnetic field of the magnetic film due to the large thickness of the polarizer itself.

在一种可能的实施方式中,磁光介质层的厚度大于起偏器的厚度。磁光介质层的厚度大于检偏器的厚度。In a possible implementation, the thickness of the magneto-optical medium layer is greater than the thickness of the polarizer. The thickness of the magneto-optical medium layer is greater than the thickness of the analyzer.

在一种可能的实施方式中,磁光介质层的材料为稀土石榴石晶体,从而可以使得磁光介质层的费尔德(Verdet)常数较大,有利于减小磁光介质层的厚度。In one possible implementation, the material of the magneto-optical medium layer is a rare earth garnet crystal, which can make the Verdet constant of the magneto-optical medium layer larger, which is beneficial to reducing the thickness of the magneto-optical medium layer.

在一种可能的实施方式中,磁性薄膜为纳米磁性液体薄膜,从而使得磁性薄膜具有较好的柔性,在手指的指纹按压时容易发生变形。In a possible implementation, the magnetic film is a nanomagnetic liquid film, so that the magnetic film has good flexibility and is easily deformed when pressed by a fingerprint.

在一种可能的实施方式中,出光组件包括出光部。出光部面向磁光介质层设置。出光组件出射的光线朝向磁光介质层传播,从而有效减少出光组件朝向磁性薄膜的出光量,降低出光组件出射的光线朝向磁性薄膜传播而导致磁性薄膜反射的光线或者手指本身反射的光线最终投影到图像传感器上,进而影响图像传感器上指纹图像的清晰度和指纹识别精度的可能性。In a possible implementation, the light emitting component includes a light emitting part. The light output part is arranged facing the magneto-optical medium layer. The light emitted from the light emitting component propagates toward the magneto-optical medium layer, thereby effectively reducing the amount of light emitted from the light emitting component toward the magnetic film, and reducing the light emitted from the light emitting component from propagating toward the magnetic film, causing the light reflected by the magnetic film or the light reflected by the finger itself to eventually be projected onto on the image sensor, thereby affecting the clarity of the fingerprint image on the image sensor and the possibility of fingerprint recognition accuracy.

在一种可能的实施方式中,指纹传感器还包括隔光层。隔光层设置于磁性薄膜和出光组件之间。隔光层被配置为隔离出光组件和磁性薄膜,从而一方面,可以阻挡出光组件出射的光线朝向磁性薄膜传播;另一方面,可以阻挡指纹传感器的外界光线穿过磁性薄膜入射到磁光介质和图像传感器,有利于降低外界光线在图像传感器上成像而影响指纹图像的清晰度和指纹识别精度的可能性。In a possible implementation, the fingerprint sensor further includes a light-blocking layer. The light-isolating layer is disposed between the magnetic film and the light-emitting component. The light-isolating layer is configured to isolate the light-emitting component and the magnetic film, so that on the one hand, it can block the light emitted from the light-emitting component from propagating toward the magnetic film; on the other hand, it can block the external light from the fingerprint sensor from passing through the magnetic film and being incident on the magneto-optical medium and Image sensor, which helps reduce the possibility of external light imaging on the image sensor and affecting the clarity of the fingerprint image and the accuracy of fingerprint recognition.

在一种可能的实施方式中,通过镀膜工艺或涂覆工艺在出光组件面向磁性薄膜的表面上加工形成隔光层,从而使得隔光层自身厚度较小。In a possible implementation, a light-isolating layer is formed on the surface of the light-emitting component facing the magnetic film through a plating process or a coating process, so that the thickness of the light-isolating layer itself is smaller.

在一种可能的实施方式中,隔光层的材料为具有吸收光线性能的材料。出光组件出射的光线入射到隔光层后,隔光层可以吸收这些光线,从而有利于降低光线在隔光层发生反射的可能性,进而降低从隔光层反射的光线在图像传感器上成像而影响指纹图像的清晰度和指纹识别精度的可能性。In a possible implementation, the material of the light-blocking layer is a material with light-absorbing properties. After the light emitted from the light-emitting component is incident on the light-isolating layer, the light-isolating layer can absorb the light, thereby helping to reduce the possibility of light reflection on the light-isolating layer, thereby reducing the risk of the light reflected from the light-isolating layer being imaged on the image sensor. The possibility of affecting the clarity of the fingerprint image and the accuracy of fingerprint recognition.

附图说明Description of the drawings

图1为本申请实施例提供的一种电子设备的结构示意图;Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device provided by an embodiment of the present application;

图2为本申请实施提供的电子设备的分解结构示意图;Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the electronic device provided by the implementation of this application;

图3为本申请一实施例提供的一种指纹传感器的局部剖视结构示意图;Figure 3 is a partial cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of a fingerprint sensor provided by an embodiment of the present application;

图4为本申请一实施例提供的指纹传感器与指纹未接触的状态示意图;Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of a state where the fingerprint sensor and the fingerprint are not in contact according to an embodiment of the present application;

图5为本申请一实施例提供的指纹传感器与指纹接触的状态示意图;Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of a state in which a fingerprint sensor is in contact with a fingerprint according to an embodiment of the present application;

图6为本申请一实施例提供的指纹传感器的局部分解结构示意图;Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of a partially exploded structure of a fingerprint sensor provided by an embodiment of the present application;

图7为本申请一实施例提供的磁性薄膜与指纹未接触的磁感应强度的状态示意图;Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the state of the magnetic induction intensity when the magnetic film and the fingerprint are not in contact according to an embodiment of the present application;

图8为本申请一实施例提供的磁性薄膜与指纹接触的磁感应强度的状态示意图;Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the magnetic induction intensity when a magnetic film contacts a fingerprint according to an embodiment of the present application;

图9为本申请另一实施例提供的一种指纹传感器的局部剖视结构示意图;Figure 9 is a schematic partial cross-sectional structural diagram of a fingerprint sensor provided by another embodiment of the present application;

图10为本申请再一实施例提供的一种指纹传感器的局部剖视结构示意图。FIG. 10 is a schematic partial cross-sectional structural diagram of a fingerprint sensor provided by yet another embodiment of the present application.

标记说明:Tag description:

10、电子设备;10. Electronic equipment;

20、显示组件;20. Display components;

30、壳体;30a、开孔;30. Shell; 30a. Opening;

40、主板;40. Motherboard;

50、电子器件;50. Electronic devices;

60、指纹传感器;60. Fingerprint sensor;

61、出光组件;61a、出光部;611、发光单元;612、起偏器;613、导光层;61. Light emitting component; 61a, light emitting part; 611, light emitting unit; 612, polarizer; 613, light guide layer;

62、磁性薄膜;62a、指纹接收区;62. Magnetic film; 62a. Fingerprint receiving area;

63、磁光介质层;63. Magneto-optical medium layer;

64、检偏器;64. Polarizer;

65、图像传感器;65. Image sensor;

66、隔光层;66. Light barrier layer;

70、外部光源;70. External light source;

100、手指;110、指纹;110a、凸起;110b、凹部;100. Finger; 110. Fingerprint; 110a, protrusion; 110b, concave part;

X、厚度方向;X, thickness direction;

P1、第一偏振方向;P1, first polarization direction;

P2、第二偏振方向。P2, second polarization direction.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

本申请实施例中的电子设备可以称为用户设备(user equipment,UE)或终端(terminal)等,例如,电子设备可以为平板电脑(portable android device,PAD)、个人数字处理(personal digital assistant,PDA)、具有无线通信功能的手持设备、计算设备、车载设备、可穿戴设备、虚拟现实(virtual reality,VR)终端设备、增强现实(augmentedreality,AR)终端设备、工业控制(industrial control)中的无线终端、无人驾驶(selfdriving)中的无线终端、远程医疗(remote medical)中的无线终端、智能电网(smartgrid)中的无线终端、运输安全(transportation safety)中的无线终端、智慧城市(smartcity)中的无线终端、智慧家庭(smart home)中的无线终端等移动终端或固定终端。本申请实施例中对终端设备的形态不做具体限定。The electronic device in the embodiment of the present application may be called user equipment (UE) or terminal (terminal), etc., for example, the electronic device may be a tablet computer (portable android device, PAD), personal digital assistant (personal digital assistant, PDA), handheld devices with wireless communication functions, computing devices, vehicle-mounted devices, wearable devices, virtual reality (VR) terminal devices, augmented reality (AR) terminal devices, industrial control (industrial control) Wireless terminals, wireless terminals in self-driving, wireless terminals in remote medical, wireless terminals in smart grid, wireless terminals in transportation safety, smart city ), mobile terminals or fixed terminals such as wireless terminals in smart homes. In the embodiments of this application, there is no specific limitation on the form of the terminal device.

本申请实施例中,图1示意性地显示了一实施例的电子设备10的结构。参见图1所示,以电子设备10为具有无线通信功能的手持设备为例进行说明。无线通信功能的手持设备例如可以是手机。In the embodiment of the present application, FIG. 1 schematically shows the structure of an electronic device 10 according to an embodiment. Referring to FIG. 1 , the electronic device 10 is a handheld device with a wireless communication function as an example for description. The handheld device with wireless communication function may be a mobile phone, for example.

图2示意性地显示了电子设备10的局部分解结构。参见图2所示,本申请实施例的电子设备10包括显示组件20、壳体30、主板40和电子器件50。FIG. 2 schematically shows a partially exploded structure of the electronic device 10 . Referring to FIG. 2 , the electronic device 10 according to the embodiment of the present application includes a display assembly 20 , a housing 30 , a motherboard 40 and an electronic device 50 .

显示组件20具有用于显示图像信息的显示区域。显示组件20安装于壳体30,并且显示组件20的显示区域外露以便于向用户呈现图像信息。主板40与壳体30相连,并且位于显示组件20的内侧,从而用户在电子设备10的外部不易观察到主板40。电子器件50设置于主板40。主板40可以是印制电路板(Printed Circuit Board,PCB)。电子器件50通过焊接工艺焊接于主板40。电子器件50包括但不限于中央处理器(Central Processing Unit,CPU)、智能算法芯片或电源管理芯片(Power Management IC,PMIC)。The display component 20 has a display area for displaying image information. The display component 20 is installed on the housing 30, and the display area of the display component 20 is exposed to facilitate presenting image information to the user. The motherboard 40 is connected to the casing 30 and is located inside the display assembly 20 , so that the motherboard 40 is not easily visible to the user outside the electronic device 10 . The electronic device 50 is provided on the motherboard 40 . The main board 40 may be a printed circuit board (PCB). The electronic device 50 is welded to the motherboard 40 through a welding process. The electronic device 50 includes, but is not limited to, a central processing unit (CPU), an intelligent algorithm chip, or a power management IC (PMIC).

本申请实施例提供的电子设备10还包括指纹传感器60。在一些示例中,指纹传感器60可以设置于电子设备10的背部。壳体30的背面设置相应的开孔30a,以避让指纹传感器60。指纹传感器60可以覆盖开孔30a。壳体30的开孔30a也具有引导作用,使得用户可以在手持电子设备10时,容易地将手指放置于指纹传感器60上。可以理解地,指纹传感器60也可以设置于壳体30的侧边,以实现侧边指纹识别的功能。指纹传感器60可以与主板40通信连接。用户在使用电子设备10时,可以预先通过指纹传感器60生成用户的指纹数据,并将指纹数据存储于电子设备10中,从而可以通过指纹的加密方式对电子设备10进行加密。当用户再次使用电子设备10时,电子设备10可以通过指纹传感器60对用户的指纹进行识别,若判断当前指纹与预先存储的指纹信息相匹配,则电子设备10执行解锁或其他相应指令。若判断当前指纹与预先存储的指纹信息不匹配,则电子设备10不执行相关指令,可以保持当前状态。The electronic device 10 provided in the embodiment of the present application also includes a fingerprint sensor 60 . In some examples, the fingerprint sensor 60 may be disposed on the back of the electronic device 10 . Corresponding openings 30 a are provided on the back of the housing 30 to avoid the fingerprint sensor 60 . The fingerprint sensor 60 may cover the opening 30a. The opening 30 a of the housing 30 also has a guiding function, so that the user can easily place his finger on the fingerprint sensor 60 when holding the electronic device 10 . It is understandable that the fingerprint sensor 60 can also be disposed on the side of the housing 30 to implement the side fingerprint recognition function. The fingerprint sensor 60 can be communicatively connected with the motherboard 40 . When the user uses the electronic device 10 , the user's fingerprint data can be generated in advance by the fingerprint sensor 60 and stored in the electronic device 10 , so that the electronic device 10 can be encrypted through fingerprint encryption. When the user uses the electronic device 10 again, the electronic device 10 can identify the user's fingerprint through the fingerprint sensor 60. If it is determined that the current fingerprint matches the pre-stored fingerprint information, the electronic device 10 executes unlocking or other corresponding instructions. If it is determined that the current fingerprint does not match the pre-stored fingerprint information, the electronic device 10 does not execute relevant instructions and can maintain the current state.

需要说明的是,指纹110是由凹凸不平的皮肤形成,从而使得指纹110包括凸起110a和凹部110b。例如,相邻两个凸起110a之间具有凹部110b。用户的指纹110可以是手指100、手掌、脚指或脚掌等部位的皮肤纹路。本申请以手指100的指纹110为示例进行说明,但并不限定本申请的保护范围。It should be noted that the fingerprint 110 is formed by uneven skin, so that the fingerprint 110 includes protrusions 110a and concave portions 110b. For example, there is a recess 110b between two adjacent protrusions 110a. The user's fingerprint 110 may be the skin texture of the finger 100, palm, toe or sole. This application uses the fingerprint 110 of the finger 100 as an example for description, but does not limit the scope of protection of this application.

下面对本申请实施例提供的指纹传感器60的实现方式进行阐述。The implementation of the fingerprint sensor 60 provided in the embodiment of the present application is described below.

图3示意性地显示了一实施例的指纹传感器60的局部剖视结构。参见图3所示,本申请实施例的指纹传感器60至少包括出光组件61、磁性薄膜62、磁光介质层63、检偏器64和图像传感器65。FIG. 3 schematically shows a partial cross-sectional structure of a fingerprint sensor 60 according to an embodiment. As shown in FIG. 3 , the fingerprint sensor 60 in the embodiment of the present application at least includes a light emitting component 61 , a magnetic film 62 , a magneto-optical medium layer 63 , a polarizer 64 and an image sensor 65 .

出光组件61被配置为出射线偏振光。线偏振光可以指光矢量只沿一个固定方向振动的光波。出光组件61用于为指纹传感器60提供线偏振光,并且出射的线偏振光可以作为指纹传感器60的激励光线。示例性地,出光组件61出射的线偏振光可以包括可见光。The light emitting component 61 is configured to emit linearly polarized light. Linearly polarized light can refer to light waves whose light vector vibrates only in one fixed direction. The light emitting component 61 is used to provide linearly polarized light for the fingerprint sensor 60 , and the emitted linearly polarized light can be used as excitation light for the fingerprint sensor 60 . For example, the linearly polarized light emitted by the light emitting component 61 may include visible light.

沿磁性薄膜62的厚度方向X,磁性薄膜62位于出光组件61的一侧。磁性薄膜62背向出光组件61的表面为指纹接收区域62a。指纹接收区域62a为用于与用户的皮肤接触的区域。磁性薄膜62自身具有磁性,从而可以产生磁场。磁性薄膜62自身具有柔性,从而在受到指纹110按压的区域会发生变形,Along the thickness direction X of the magnetic film 62 , the magnetic film 62 is located on one side of the light emitting component 61 . The surface of the magnetic film 62 facing away from the light emitting component 61 is the fingerprint receiving area 62a. The fingerprint receiving area 62a is an area for contact with the user's skin. The magnetic film 62 itself has magnetism and can generate a magnetic field. The magnetic film 62 itself is flexible and will deform in the area pressed by the fingerprint 110.

图4示意性地显示了指纹传感器60与指纹110未接触的状态。参见图4所示,用户的手指100位于指纹接收区域62a的上方。磁性薄膜62未与手指100的指纹110接触。磁性薄膜62处于初始状态。图5示意性地显示了指纹传感器60与指纹110接触的状态。参见图5所示,磁性薄膜62在受到指纹110的凸起110a按压的区域发生压缩变形,厚度变小,而磁性薄膜62上与指纹110的凹部110b对应的区域发生隆起变形,厚度变大。磁性薄膜62的厚度发生变形时,对应发生变形区域的磁场分布会发生相应的变化,从而对应地,磁感应强度的大小也会发生变化。在完成指纹110识别工作,用户将手指100从指纹接收区域62a移开后,磁性薄膜62可以在自身的弹性回复力作用下恢复初始状态,从而不影响下一次指纹110按压和指纹110识别操作。FIG. 4 schematically shows a state where the fingerprint sensor 60 and the fingerprint 110 are not in contact. Referring to FIG. 4 , the user's finger 100 is located above the fingerprint receiving area 62 a. The magnetic film 62 is not in contact with the fingerprint 110 of the finger 100 . The magnetic film 62 is in an initial state. FIG. 5 schematically shows a state in which the fingerprint sensor 60 is in contact with the fingerprint 110 . As shown in FIG. 5 , the magnetic film 62 undergoes compression deformation in the area pressed by the protrusion 110 a of the fingerprint 110 and becomes smaller in thickness, while the area of the magnetic film 62 corresponding to the concave portion 110 b of the fingerprint 110 undergoes bulge deformation and becomes thicker. When the thickness of the magnetic film 62 is deformed, the magnetic field distribution corresponding to the deformed area will change accordingly, and accordingly, the magnitude of the magnetic induction intensity will also change. After the fingerprint 110 recognition work is completed and the user removes the finger 100 from the fingerprint receiving area 62a, the magnetic film 62 can return to the initial state under its own elastic recovery force, thereby not affecting the next fingerprint 110 pressing and fingerprint 110 recognition operations.

磁光介质层63位于出光组件61的另一侧,从而磁性薄膜62与磁光介质层63相对设置,即磁性薄膜62与磁光介质层63分别位于出光组件61的两侧。磁光介质层63位于磁性薄膜62的磁场中。磁光介质层63被配置为接收出光组件61出射的线偏振光并且使线偏振光发生旋转。磁光介质层63为可以产生磁光效应的介质层。The magneto-optical medium layer 63 is located on the other side of the light-emitting component 61, so that the magnetic film 62 and the magneto-optical medium layer 63 are arranged oppositely, that is, the magnetic film 62 and the magneto-optical medium layer 63 are located on both sides of the light-emitting component 61 respectively. The magneto-optical medium layer 63 is located in the magnetic field of the magnetic film 62 . The magneto-optical medium layer 63 is configured to receive the linearly polarized light emitted by the light emitting component 61 and rotate the linearly polarized light. The magneto-optical medium layer 63 is a medium layer that can produce a magneto-optical effect.

图6示意性地显示了指纹传感器60的局部分解结构。参见图6所示,由于磁光介质层63位于磁性薄膜62的磁场中,因此在线偏振光入射到磁光介质层63后,沿着磁场方向传播时,处于磁场中的磁光介质层63会使线偏振光发生旋转,从而从磁光介质层63出射的线偏振光与入射磁光介质层63的线偏振光之间具有夹角β。夹角β也称为旋光角。磁场方向与磁性薄膜62的厚度方向X相同。线偏振光发生旋转时的旋转平面与磁性薄膜62的厚度方向X相垂直。示例性地,夹角β的取值范围可以但不限于是2°至30°,例如,夹角β的取值可以但不限于是5°、8°、10°、15°或20°。夹角β的大小与磁光介质层63的厚度d、磁感应强度B以及磁光介质层63本身材料的费尔德(Verdet)常数正相关。磁光介质层63的厚度d、磁感应强度B以及磁光介质层63本身材料的费尔德(Verdet)常数中的至少一者增大,则夹角β增大,相应地,至少一者减小,则夹角β减小。FIG. 6 schematically shows a partially exploded structure of the fingerprint sensor 60 . As shown in FIG. 6 , since the magneto-optical medium layer 63 is located in the magnetic field of the magnetic film 62 , after the linearly polarized light is incident on the magneto-optical medium layer 63 and propagates along the direction of the magnetic field, the magneto-optical medium layer 63 in the magnetic field will The linearly polarized light is rotated, so that there is an included angle β between the linearly polarized light emitted from the magneto-optical medium layer 63 and the linearly polarized light incident on the magneto-optical medium layer 63 . The angle β is also called the optical rotation angle. The direction of the magnetic field is the same as the thickness direction X of the magnetic thin film 62 . The rotation plane when the linearly polarized light is rotated is perpendicular to the thickness direction X of the magnetic film 62 . For example, the value range of the included angle β may be, but is not limited to, 2° to 30°. For example, the value range of the included angle β may be, but is not limited to, 5°, 8°, 10°, 15° or 20°. The size of the angle β is positively related to the thickness d of the magneto-optical medium layer 63, the magnetic induction intensity B, and the Verdet constant of the material of the magneto-optical medium layer 63 itself. When at least one of the thickness d of the magneto-optical medium layer 63, the magnetic induction intensity B, and the Verdet constant of the material of the magneto-optical medium layer 63 itself increases, the angle β increases, and accordingly, at least one of them decreases. If it is small, the angle β will decrease.

示例性地,图7示意性地显示了磁性薄膜62与指纹110未接触的磁感应强度的状态。参见图7所示,手指100的指纹110未与磁性薄膜62接触时,磁性薄膜62处于初始状态,其产生的磁场的磁感应强度为B0。磁光介质层63的各个区域位于磁感应强度为B0的磁场中。磁光介质层63的各个区域出射后的线偏振光的旋光角β相同。For example, FIG. 7 schematically shows the state of the magnetic induction intensity when the magnetic film 62 is not in contact with the fingerprint 110 . Referring to FIG. 7 , when the fingerprint 110 of the finger 100 is not in contact with the magnetic film 62 , the magnetic film 62 is in an initial state, and the magnetic induction intensity of the magnetic field generated by it is B0. Each area of the magneto-optical medium layer 63 is located in a magnetic field with a magnetic induction intensity B0. The linearly polarized light emitted from each region of the magneto-optical medium layer 63 has the same optical rotation angle β.

图8示意性地显示了磁性薄膜62与指纹110接触的磁感应强度的状态。参见图8所示,当用户将手指100的指纹110与磁性薄膜62接触并施加按压力后,磁性薄膜62被按压的区域发生变形,使得厚度发生变化,从而使得该区域产生的磁场的磁感应强度分别为B1和B2,其中,与指纹110的凸起110a对应的磁场的磁感应强度为B1,而与指纹110的凹部110b对应的磁场的磁感应强度为B2。磁性薄膜62上未被按压的区域,厚度未发生变化,从而使得这些区域产生的磁场的磁感应强度仍保持为B0。磁光介质层63的部分区域位于磁感应强度为B0的磁场中,而与指纹110的凸起110a对应的区域位于磁感应强度为B1的磁场中,与指纹110的凹部110b对应的区域位于磁感应强度为B2的磁场中。由于磁光介质层63的厚度以及自身材料的费尔德(Verdet)常数相同,而磁感应强度B0、磁感应强度B1和磁感应强度B2任意两者均不相同,因此磁光介质层63上对应磁感应强度B0、磁感应强度B1以及磁感应强度B2的区域出射后的线偏振光的旋光角β不相同。FIG. 8 schematically shows the state of the magnetic induction intensity when the magnetic film 62 is in contact with the fingerprint 110 . As shown in FIG. 8 , when the user contacts the fingerprint 110 of the finger 100 with the magnetic film 62 and applies a pressing force, the pressed area of the magnetic film 62 deforms, causing the thickness to change, thereby causing the magnetic induction intensity of the magnetic field generated in this area. are B1 and B2 respectively, wherein the magnetic induction intensity of the magnetic field corresponding to the protrusion 110a of the fingerprint 110 is B1, and the magnetic induction intensity of the magnetic field corresponding to the concave portion 110b of the fingerprint 110 is B2. The thickness of the unpressed areas of the magnetic film 62 does not change, so that the magnetic induction intensity of the magnetic field generated in these areas remains B0. A partial area of the magneto-optical medium layer 63 is located in a magnetic field with a magnetic induction intensity of B0, while the area corresponding to the protrusion 110a of the fingerprint 110 is located in a magnetic field with a magnetic induction intensity of B1, and the area corresponding to the recessed portion 110b of the fingerprint 110 is located in a magnetic field with a magnetic induction intensity of B1. in the magnetic field of B2. Since the thickness of the magneto-optical medium layer 63 and the Verdet constant of its own material are the same, but any two of the magnetic induction intensity B0, the magnetic induction intensity B1 and the magnetic induction intensity B2 are different, the corresponding magnetic induction intensity on the magneto-optical medium layer 63 The optical rotation angle β of the linearly polarized light emitted from the areas of B0, magnetic induction intensity B1 and magnetic induction intensity B2 is different.

检偏器64位于磁光介质层63背向出光组件61的一侧。检偏器64用于接收从磁光介质层63出射的线偏振光。检偏器64具有允许透过光线的第一偏振方向P1。线偏振光的振动方向与第一偏振方向P1相交。The analyzer 64 is located on the side of the magneto-optical medium layer 63 facing away from the light emitting component 61 . The analyzer 64 is used to receive the linearly polarized light emitted from the magneto-optical medium layer 63 . The analyzer 64 has a first polarization direction P1 that allows light to be transmitted. The vibration direction of linearly polarized light intersects the first polarization direction P1.

由于线偏振光的振动方向与检偏器64的第一偏振方向P1相交,因此线偏振光的一部分可以通过检偏器64,并且从检偏器64出射的光线为振动方向与第一偏振方向P1相同的线偏振光,从而从检偏器64出射的线偏振光的强度小于入射到检偏器64的线偏振光的强度。示例性地,从磁光介质层63出射的线偏振光,其旋光角β越大,则线偏振光可以通过检偏器64的光线强度越大,亮度越高。相应地,旋光角β越小,则线偏振光可以通过检偏器64的光线强度越小,亮度越低。Since the vibration direction of the linearly polarized light intersects with the first polarization direction P1 of the analyzer 64 , a part of the linearly polarized light can pass through the analyzer 64 , and the light emitted from the analyzer 64 has a vibration direction consistent with the first polarization direction. P1 is the same linearly polarized light, so the intensity of the linearly polarized light emitted from the analyzer 64 is smaller than the intensity of the linearly polarized light incident on the analyzer 64 . For example, the greater the optical rotation angle β of the linearly polarized light emitted from the magneto-optical medium layer 63 , the greater the light intensity and the higher the brightness that the linearly polarized light can pass through the analyzer 64 . Correspondingly, the smaller the optical rotation angle β is, the smaller the intensity of linearly polarized light that can pass through the analyzer 64 is, and the lower the brightness.

图像传感器65位于检偏器64背向磁光介质层63的一侧。图像传感器65被配置为接收从检偏器64出射的线偏振光。从检偏器64各个区域出射的线偏振光可以在图像传感器65上投影形成相应的图像。The image sensor 65 is located on the side of the analyzer 64 facing away from the magneto-optical medium layer 63 . Image sensor 65 is configured to receive linearly polarized light emitted from analyzer 64 . The linearly polarized light emitted from each area of the analyzer 64 can be projected on the image sensor 65 to form a corresponding image.

示例性地,在指纹传感器60的磁性薄膜62未接触指纹110时,磁性薄膜62产生的磁感应强度未发生变化。磁光介质层63中的线偏振光旋光角度相同,从而通过检偏器64的线偏振光形成的图像未发生变化。For example, when the magnetic film 62 of the fingerprint sensor 60 does not contact the fingerprint 110, the magnetic induction intensity generated by the magnetic film 62 does not change. The angle of rotation of the linearly polarized light in the magneto-optical medium layer 63 is the same, so the image formed by the linearly polarized light passing through the analyzer 64 does not change.

在指纹传感器60的磁性薄膜62上放置手指100的指纹110时,指纹110的凸起110a和凹部110b使得磁性薄膜62的厚度发生变化,从而磁性薄膜62上与凸起110a和凹部110b对应的区域变形程度不同,进而磁性薄膜62上与凸起110a和凹部110b对应的磁场分布不同,使得产生的磁感应强度也不同。在磁感应强度未发生变化的区域,磁光介质层63中的线偏振光的旋光角β未发生变化,从而透过检偏器64的光线强度未发生变化,图像传感器65上产生的图像未发生变化。在磁感应强度发生变化的区域,磁光介质层63中的线偏振光的旋光角β会发生变化,从而透过检偏器64的光线强度会发生变化,图像传感器65上产生的图像会发生变化,进而在图像传感器65上可以成像出相应的指纹110轮廓。图像传感器65可以将图像信息转换成电信号输出到控制器。控制器与原来预存的指纹110数据进行比对。若两者匹配,则电子设备10可以执行解锁等指令。若两者不匹配,则电子设备10保持当前状态,例如锁定状态。When the fingerprint 110 of the finger 100 is placed on the magnetic film 62 of the fingerprint sensor 60, the protrusions 110a and recesses 110b of the fingerprint 110 cause the thickness of the magnetic film 62 to change, so that the areas on the magnetic film 62 corresponding to the protrusions 110a and the recesses 110b The degree of deformation is different, and the magnetic field distribution corresponding to the protrusions 110a and the concave portions 110b on the magnetic film 62 is different, so that the generated magnetic induction intensity is also different. In the area where the magnetic induction intensity does not change, the optical rotation angle β of the linearly polarized light in the magneto-optical medium layer 63 does not change, so the intensity of the light passing through the analyzer 64 does not change, and the image generated on the image sensor 65 does not change. Variety. In the area where the magnetic induction intensity changes, the optical rotation angle β of the linearly polarized light in the magneto-optical medium layer 63 will change, so the intensity of the light passing through the analyzer 64 will change, and the image generated on the image sensor 65 will change. , and then the corresponding outline of the fingerprint 110 can be imaged on the image sensor 65 . The image sensor 65 may convert image information into electrical signals and output them to the controller. The controller compares it with the original pre-stored fingerprint 110 data. If the two match, the electronic device 10 can execute instructions such as unlocking. If the two do not match, the electronic device 10 maintains the current state, such as a locked state.

本申请实施例的指纹传感器60,用户的指纹110未按压磁性薄膜62时,通过磁光介质层63和检偏器64的线偏振光的光线强度未发生变化,从而图像传感器65上的图像未发生变化。用户的指纹110按压磁性薄膜62时,由于磁性薄膜62产生的磁场的磁感应强度相应地发生了变化,因此与指纹110对应的区域,透过磁光介质层63和检偏器64并出射的线偏振光的光线强度发生变化,从而图像传感器65上接收的光线强度发生变化,使得图像传感器65上图像发生了变化并成像相应的指纹110轮廓。然后,通过对指纹110轮廓进行识别比对,以实现电子设备10执行相应的指令。In the fingerprint sensor 60 of the embodiment of the present application, when the user's fingerprint 110 does not press the magnetic film 62, the intensity of the linearly polarized light passing through the magneto-optical medium layer 63 and the analyzer 64 does not change, so the image on the image sensor 65 does not change. changes occur. When the user's fingerprint 110 presses the magnetic film 62, the magnetic induction intensity of the magnetic field generated by the magnetic film 62 changes accordingly. Therefore, in the area corresponding to the fingerprint 110, the lines that pass through the magneto-optical medium layer 63 and the analyzer 64 are emitted. The intensity of the polarized light changes, so that the intensity of the light received on the image sensor 65 changes, causing the image on the image sensor 65 to change and form a corresponding outline of the fingerprint 110 . Then, the electronic device 10 executes corresponding instructions by identifying and comparing the outline of the fingerprint 110 .

在用户的指纹110处于湿润状态下,用户的指纹110与磁性薄膜62接触时,用户的皮肤和磁性薄膜62会共同挤压液体,使液体向其他区域流动,从而磁性薄膜62上与指纹110的凸起110a和凹部110b对应的区域会发生厚度变化,使得磁感应强度仍会发生变化,不会受到液体的影响。因此,指纹传感器60仍然可以准确获取指纹110数据,有效提高指纹传感器60的识别准确率,降低指纹110识别失效的可能性,提升电子设备10的使用便利性和体验。When the user's fingerprint 110 is in a wet state and the user's fingerprint 110 comes into contact with the magnetic film 62, the user's skin and the magnetic film 62 will squeeze the liquid together, causing the liquid to flow to other areas, so that the magnetic film 62 is in contact with the fingerprint 110. The thickness of the area corresponding to the protrusion 110a and the recess 110b will change, so that the magnetic induction intensity will still change and will not be affected by the liquid. Therefore, the fingerprint sensor 60 can still accurately obtain fingerprint 110 data, effectively improving the recognition accuracy of the fingerprint sensor 60 , reducing the possibility of fingerprint 110 recognition failure, and improving the convenience and experience of using the electronic device 10 .

在一些可实现的方式中,参见图5所示,出光组件61包括发光单元611和起偏器612。发光单元611自身在通电状态下可以主动发光。发光单元611出射的光线可以包括可见光。示例性地,发光单元611可以是面光源或点光源。示例性地,发光单元611可以包括冷阴极荧光灯(Cold Cathode Fluorescent Lamp,CCFL)或者有机发光体(Organic Light-Emitting Diode,OLED)。In some implementable ways, as shown in FIG. 5 , the light emitting component 61 includes a light emitting unit 611 and a polarizer 612 . The light-emitting unit 611 itself can actively emit light when powered on. The light emitted by the light emitting unit 611 may include visible light. For example, the light emitting unit 611 may be a surface light source or a point light source. For example, the light emitting unit 611 may include a cold cathode fluorescent lamp (Cold Cathode Fluorescent Lamp, CCFL) or an organic light-emitting diode (OLED).

起偏器612设置于发光单元611和磁光介质层63之间。发光单元611出射的光线一部分会通过起偏器612。起偏器612被配置为将发光单元611出射的光线转换为线偏振光。起偏器612具有允许透过光线的第二偏振方向P2。发光单元611出射的光线中,振动方向与第二偏振方向P2相同的光线可以通过起偏器612并形成线偏振光。发光单元611出射的光线经过起偏器612后,从起偏器612出射的线偏振光的强度会下降,即线偏振光的强度小于出光组件61出射的光线强度。The polarizer 612 is disposed between the light emitting unit 611 and the magneto-optical medium layer 63 . Part of the light emitted from the light emitting unit 611 passes through the polarizer 612 . The polarizer 612 is configured to convert the light emitted from the light emitting unit 611 into linearly polarized light. Polarizer 612 has a second polarization direction P2 that allows light to pass through. Among the light emitted from the light-emitting unit 611, the light whose vibration direction is the same as the second polarization direction P2 can pass through the polarizer 612 and form linearly polarized light. After the light emitted from the light emitting unit 611 passes through the polarizer 612, the intensity of the linearly polarized light emitted from the polarizer 612 will decrease, that is, the intensity of the linearly polarized light is smaller than the intensity of the light emitted from the light emitting component 61.

指纹传感器60中,磁性薄膜62、起偏器612、磁光介质层63和检偏器64均不需要额外设置相应的电路模块,从而使得指纹传感器60整体的电路模块设计简单,进而使得指纹传感器60整体结构简单。In the fingerprint sensor 60 , the magnetic film 62 , the polarizer 612 , the magneto-optical medium layer 63 and the analyzer 64 do not require additional corresponding circuit modules, thus making the overall circuit module design of the fingerprint sensor 60 simple, thereby making the fingerprint sensor 60 The overall structure is simple.

在一些示例中,参见图6所示,检偏器64的第一偏振方向P1与起偏器612的第二偏振方向P2相交。检偏器64的第一偏振方向P1与起偏器612的第二偏振方向P2之间的夹角的取值范围可以为70°至80°。因此,在指纹传感器60未与指纹110接触的初始状态时,从起偏器612出射的线偏振光经过磁光介质层63和检偏器64,然后线偏振光的一部分可以透过检偏器64,从而使得图像传感器65的接收面呈现预定亮度。In some examples, as shown in FIG. 6 , the first polarization direction P1 of the analyzer 64 intersects the second polarization direction P2 of the polarizer 612 . The angle between the first polarization direction P1 of the analyzer 64 and the second polarization direction P2 of the polarizer 612 may range from 70° to 80°. Therefore, in the initial state when the fingerprint sensor 60 is not in contact with the fingerprint 110, the linearly polarized light emitted from the polarizer 612 passes through the magneto-optical medium layer 63 and the analyzer 64, and then part of the linearly polarized light can pass through the analyzer. 64, so that the receiving surface of the image sensor 65 exhibits a predetermined brightness.

图像传感器65的接收面上接收光线所形成的图像的分辨率,与检偏器64的第一偏振方向P1与起偏器612的第二偏振方向P2之间的夹角的取值以及旋光角β的取值相关。因此,对起偏器612的第一偏振方向P1与检偏器64的第二偏振方向P2之间的夹角进行合适地选择,可以保证图像传感器65上得到图像亮度与图像分辨率均较佳的指纹110图像。The resolution of the image formed by receiving light on the receiving surface of the image sensor 65 depends on the value of the angle between the first polarization direction P1 of the analyzer 64 and the second polarization direction P2 of the polarizer 612 and the optical rotation angle. The value of β is related. Therefore, appropriately selecting the angle between the first polarization direction P1 of the polarizer 612 and the second polarization direction P2 of the analyzer 64 can ensure that the image brightness and image resolution obtained on the image sensor 65 are both better. 110 images of fingerprints.

在另一些可实现的方式中,图9示意性地显示了指纹传感器60的局部剖视结构。参见图9所示,出光组件61包括导光层613和起偏器612。起偏器612设置于导光层613和磁光介质层63之间。起偏器612被配置为将从导光层613出射的光线转换为线偏振光。在一些示例中,在指纹传感器60的外侧设置外部光源70。外部光源70可以位于导光层613的侧面。导光层613被配置为接收外部光源70的光线。导光层613可以对外界入射的光线进行引导分布,以使入射的光线均匀化。经过导光层613匀化后的光线可以入射到起偏器612。示例性地,导光层613的材料可以是聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(polymethyl methacrylate,PMMA)。外部光源70可以包括有机发光体。示例性地,外部光源70可以设置于导光层613的一侧。或者,两个以上的外部光源70可以沿导光层613的周向间隔设置。In other implementable ways, FIG. 9 schematically shows a partial cross-sectional structure of the fingerprint sensor 60 . As shown in FIG. 9 , the light emitting component 61 includes a light guide layer 613 and a polarizer 612 . The polarizer 612 is disposed between the light guide layer 613 and the magneto-optical medium layer 63 . The polarizer 612 is configured to convert light emitted from the light guide layer 613 into linearly polarized light. In some examples, external light source 70 is provided outside fingerprint sensor 60 . The external light source 70 may be located on the side of the light guide layer 613 . The light guide layer 613 is configured to receive light from the external light source 70 . The light guide layer 613 can guide and distribute the incident light from the outside to make the incident light uniform. The light that has been homogenized by the light guide layer 613 can be incident on the polarizer 612 . For example, the material of the light guide layer 613 may be polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA). The external light source 70 may include organic light emitters. For example, the external light source 70 may be disposed on one side of the light guide layer 613 . Alternatively, two or more external light sources 70 may be arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the light guide layer 613 .

指纹传感器60中,磁性薄膜62、导光层613、起偏器612、磁光介质层63和检偏器64均不需要额外设置相应的电路模块,从而使得指纹传感器60整体的电路模块设计简单,进而使得指纹传感器60整体结构简单。In the fingerprint sensor 60, the magnetic film 62, the light guide layer 613, the polarizer 612, the magneto-optical medium layer 63 and the analyzer 64 do not require additional corresponding circuit modules, thus making the overall circuit module design of the fingerprint sensor 60 simple. , thereby making the overall structure of the fingerprint sensor 60 simple.

在一些可实现的方式中,指纹传感器60还包括透明胶合层(图中未示出)。出光组件61面向磁性薄膜62的表面和磁性薄膜62之间设置透明胶合层,以将出光组件61和磁性薄膜62相连接。磁光介质层63面向磁性薄膜62的表面和起偏器612之间设置透明胶合层,以将磁光介质层63和起偏器612相连接。磁光介质层63面向检偏器64的表面和检偏器64之间设置透明胶合层,以将磁光介质层63和检偏器64相连接。透明胶合层具有良好的透光性,有利于降低线偏振光通过透明胶合层时的衰减率,保证通过透明胶合层的光线强度满足要求。In some implementable ways, the fingerprint sensor 60 also includes a transparent adhesive layer (not shown in the figure). A transparent adhesive layer is provided between the surface of the light-emitting component 61 facing the magnetic film 62 and the magnetic film 62 to connect the light-emitting component 61 and the magnetic film 62 . A transparent adhesive layer is disposed between the surface of the magneto-optical medium layer 63 facing the magnetic film 62 and the polarizer 612 to connect the magneto-optical medium layer 63 and the polarizer 612 . A transparent adhesive layer is provided between the surface of the magneto-optical medium layer 63 facing the analyzer 64 and the analyzer 64 to connect the magneto-optical medium layer 63 and the analyzer 64 . The transparent adhesive layer has good light transmittance, which is conducive to reducing the attenuation rate of linearly polarized light when passing through the transparent adhesive layer, ensuring that the intensity of light passing through the transparent adhesive layer meets the requirements.

在另一些可实现的方式中,在磁光介质层63面向磁性薄膜62的表面上直接设置起偏器612。起偏器612和磁光介质层63之间未额外设置其他连接件,从而一方面,从起偏器612出射的线偏振光可以直接入射到磁光介质层63中,有利于降低线偏振光的衰减率,同时有利于降低线偏振光在额外设置的连接件中发生折射或反射而对线偏振光形成干扰的可能性;另一方面,可以减小起偏器612和磁光介质层63的整体厚度,有利于保证磁性薄膜62的磁场有效作用于磁光介质层63,降低因起偏器612和磁光介质层63的整体厚度较大而导致磁光介质层63处的磁感应强度偏弱,无法使得磁光介质层63内的线偏振光发生旋转或者旋转角度未达到预定角度的可能性;再一方面,可以有利于减小指纹传感器60整体的厚度,从而使得指纹传感器60整体结构更加紧凑,可以实现指纹传感器60的小型化设计。In other implementable ways, the polarizer 612 is directly disposed on the surface of the magneto-optical medium layer 63 facing the magnetic film 62 . There are no additional connections between the polarizer 612 and the magneto-optical medium layer 63. Therefore, on the one hand, the linearly polarized light emitted from the polarizer 612 can be directly incident into the magneto-optical medium layer 63, which is beneficial to reducing the linearly polarized light. The attenuation rate is conducive to reducing the possibility of linearly polarized light being refracted or reflected in additional connectors and causing interference to linearly polarized light; on the other hand, the polarizer 612 and the magneto-optical medium layer 63 can be reduced The overall thickness is conducive to ensuring that the magnetic field of the magnetic film 62 effectively acts on the magneto-optical medium layer 63, and reducing the deviation of the magnetic induction intensity at the magneto-optical medium layer 63 caused by the large overall thickness of the polarizer 612 and the magneto-optical medium layer 63. Weak, it is impossible to rotate the linearly polarized light in the magneto-optical medium layer 63 or the rotation angle does not reach the predetermined angle; on the other hand, it can be beneficial to reduce the overall thickness of the fingerprint sensor 60, thereby making the overall structure of the fingerprint sensor 60 It is more compact and can realize the miniaturization design of the fingerprint sensor 60 .

在一些示例中,通过镀膜工艺或者涂覆工艺在磁光介质层63面向磁性薄膜62的表面上加工形成层状的起偏器612,从而使得起偏器612自身厚度较小。In some examples, a layered polarizer 612 is formed on the surface of the magneto-optical medium layer 63 facing the magnetic film 62 through a plating process or a coating process, so that the thickness of the polarizer 612 itself is smaller.

在另一些可实现的方式中,在磁光介质层63面向图像传感器65的表面上直接设置检偏器64。检偏器64和磁光介质层63之间未额外设置其他连接件,从而从磁光介质层63出射的线偏振光可以直接入射到检偏器64中,有利于降低线偏振光的衰减率,同时有利于降低线偏振光在额外设置的连接件中发生折射或反射而对线偏振光形成干扰的可能性。In other implementable ways, the analyzer 64 is directly disposed on the surface of the magneto-optical medium layer 63 facing the image sensor 65 . There are no additional connections between the analyzer 64 and the magneto-optical medium layer 63, so the linearly polarized light emitted from the magneto-optical medium layer 63 can be directly incident on the analyzer 64, which is beneficial to reducing the attenuation rate of the linearly polarized light. , and at the same time, it is beneficial to reduce the possibility of linearly polarized light being refracted or reflected in additional connectors and causing interference to linearly polarized light.

在一些示例中,通过镀膜工艺或者涂覆工艺在磁光介质层63面向图像传感器65的表面上加工形成层状的检偏器64,从而使得检偏器64自身厚度较小。In some examples, a layered analyzer 64 is formed on the surface of the magneto-optical medium layer 63 facing the image sensor 65 through a plating process or a coating process, so that the thickness of the analyzer 64 itself is smaller.

在一些可实现的方式中,起偏器612或者检偏器64为偏振片,从而起偏器612或者检偏器64自身厚度较小,有利于减小指纹传感器60整体的厚度。起偏器612为偏振片时,可以有效降低因起偏器612自身厚度较大而对磁性薄膜62的磁场产生不良影响的可能性。偏振片可以是产生线偏振光的偏振光学器件。In some implementable ways, the polarizer 612 or the analyzer 64 is a polarizing plate, so that the thickness of the polarizer 612 or the analyzer 64 itself is small, which is beneficial to reducing the overall thickness of the fingerprint sensor 60 . When the polarizer 612 is a polarizing plate, the possibility of adversely affecting the magnetic field of the magnetic film 62 due to the large thickness of the polarizer 612 can be effectively reduced. The polarizing plate can be a polarizing optical device that produces linearly polarized light.

在一些可实现的方式中,起偏器612和检偏器64均为偏振片。In some possible implementations, both the polarizer 612 and the analyzer 64 are polarizing plates.

在一些示例中,偏振片可以包括具有线偏振功能的材料加工形成的层结构。例如,偏振片可以包括保护膜和偏振层。偏振层位于两个保护膜之间。偏振层起到偏振的作用。保护膜具有较高的光透过率、良好的耐水性以及较高的机械强度。示例性地,偏振层的材料可以是聚乙烯醇(PVA)。保护膜的材料可以是三醋酸纤维素脂(TAC)。In some examples, the polarizing plate may include a layer structure formed by processing a material with a linear polarization function. For example, the polarizing plate may include a protective film and a polarizing layer. The polarizing layer is located between the two protective films. The polarizing layer plays the role of polarization. The protective film has high light transmittance, good water resistance and high mechanical strength. Exemplarily, the material of the polarizing layer may be polyvinyl alcohol (PVA). The material of the protective film may be triacetylcellulose (TAC).

在一些可实现的方式中,磁光介质层63的厚度大于起偏器612的厚度。磁光介质层63的厚度大于检偏器64的厚度。在线偏振光穿过磁光介质层63传播时,磁光介质层63的厚度d与旋光角β的大小正相关。在磁性薄膜62产生的磁场的磁感应强度B以及磁光介质层63的费尔德(Verdet)常数不变的情况下,磁光介质层63的厚度d越小,旋光角β越小,相应地,磁光介质层63的厚度d越大,旋光角β越大。因此,需要对磁光介质层63的厚度d进行合适设计,从而保证旋光角β的取值满足要求。In some implementable ways, the thickness of the magneto-optical medium layer 63 is greater than the thickness of the polarizer 612 . The thickness of the magneto-optical medium layer 63 is greater than the thickness of the analyzer 64 . When linearly polarized light propagates through the magneto-optical medium layer 63, the thickness d of the magneto-optical medium layer 63 is positively related to the size of the optical rotation angle β. When the magnetic induction intensity B of the magnetic field generated by the magnetic film 62 and the Verdet constant of the magneto-optical medium layer 63 remain unchanged, the smaller the thickness d of the magneto-optical medium layer 63, the smaller the optical rotation angle β, correspondingly , the greater the thickness d of the magneto-optical medium layer 63, the greater the optical rotation angle β. Therefore, the thickness d of the magneto-optical medium layer 63 needs to be appropriately designed to ensure that the value of the optical rotation angle β meets the requirements.

旋光角β过小,例如小于2°时,会存在导致线偏振光通过检偏器64的光线强度偏弱的可能性,从而使得图像传感器65上可以得到的图像亮度偏暗、图像分辨率较差的指纹110图像,降低指纹110识别准确度。If the optical rotation angle β is too small, for example, less than 2°, there is a possibility that the light intensity of the linearly polarized light passing through the analyzer 64 will be weak, resulting in darker image brightness and lower image resolution that can be obtained on the image sensor 65 . Poor fingerprint 110 images reduce fingerprint 110 recognition accuracy.

旋光角β过大,例如大于8°时,会存在导致磁光介质层63的厚度d过大的可能性,从而使得指纹传感器60整体的厚度偏大,不利于指纹传感器60的小型化设计。When the optical rotation angle β is too large, for example, greater than 8°, there is a possibility that the thickness d of the magneto-optical medium layer 63 will be too large, thereby making the overall thickness of the fingerprint sensor 60 too large, which is not conducive to the miniaturization design of the fingerprint sensor 60 .

在一些示例中,磁光介质层63的厚度取值范围可以但不限于是0.3毫米至0.8毫米。例如,磁光介质层63的厚度取值可以是0.5毫米。In some examples, the thickness of the magneto-optical medium layer 63 may range from, but is not limited to, 0.3 mm to 0.8 mm. For example, the thickness of the magneto-optical medium layer 63 may be 0.5 mm.

在一些可实现的方式中,磁光介质层63具有较高的硬度,受力不易发生变形。磁光介质层63的材料为稀土石榴石晶体,从而可以使得磁光介质层63的费尔德(Verdet)常数较大,有利于减小磁光介质层63的厚度。另外,可以根据磁光介质层63的材料最佳的工作波段来选择线偏振光的波长,从而保证线偏振光通过磁光介质层63后实现较好的旋转角度。在一些示例中,磁光介质层63的材料可以但不限于为钇铁石榴石晶体(YIG)。对应地,线偏振光的波长可以为589纳米。In some feasible ways, the magneto-optical medium layer 63 has a relatively high hardness and is not easily deformed under force. The material of the magneto-optical medium layer 63 is rare earth garnet crystal, which can make the Verdet constant of the magneto-optical medium layer 63 larger, which is beneficial to reducing the thickness of the magneto-optical medium layer 63 . In addition, the wavelength of the linearly polarized light can be selected according to the optimal working band of the material of the magneto-optical medium layer 63 , thereby ensuring that the linearly polarized light achieves a better rotation angle after passing through the magneto-optical medium layer 63 . In some examples, the material of the magneto-optical medium layer 63 may be, but is not limited to, yttrium iron garnet crystal (YIG). Correspondingly, the wavelength of linearly polarized light may be 589 nanometers.

在一些可实现的方式中,磁性薄膜62为纳米磁性液体薄膜,从而使得磁性薄膜62具有较好的柔性,在手指100的指纹110按压时容易发生变形。在一些示例中,磁性薄膜62的厚度取值范围可以但不限于是0.3毫米至0.7毫米。例如,磁性薄膜62的厚度取值可以是0.5毫米。In some feasible ways, the magnetic film 62 is a nanomagnetic liquid film, so that the magnetic film 62 has good flexibility and is easily deformed when pressed by the fingerprint 110 of the finger 100 . In some examples, the thickness of the magnetic film 62 may range from, but is not limited to, 0.3 mm to 0.7 mm. For example, the thickness of the magnetic film 62 may be 0.5 mm.

在一些可实现的方式中,出光组件61包括出光部61a。出光组件61的出光部61a面向磁光介质层63设置。出光组件61可以实现单侧出射光线。出光部61a出射的光线朝向磁光介质层63传播,并且可以入射到起偏器612,从而有效减少出光部61a朝向磁性薄膜62的出光量,降低出光部61a出射的光线朝向磁性薄膜62传播而导致磁性薄膜62反射的光线或者手指100本身反射的光线最终投影到图像传感器65上,进而影响图像传感器65上指纹110图像的清晰度和指纹110识别精度的可能性。In some implementable ways, the light emitting component 61 includes a light emitting part 61a. The light emitting part 61 a of the light emitting component 61 is disposed facing the magneto-optical medium layer 63 . The light emitting component 61 can emit light from one side. The light emitted from the light emitting part 61a propagates towards the magneto-optical medium layer 63 and can be incident on the polarizer 612, thereby effectively reducing the amount of light emitted from the light emitting part 61a towards the magnetic film 62 and reducing the amount of light emitted from the light emitting part 61a propagating towards the magnetic film 62. As a result, the light reflected by the magnetic film 62 or the light reflected by the finger 100 itself is finally projected onto the image sensor 65 , thereby affecting the clarity of the fingerprint 110 image on the image sensor 65 and the possibility of fingerprint 110 recognition accuracy.

在一些可实现的方式中,图10示意性地显示了指纹传感器60的局部剖视结构。参见图10所示,指纹传感器60还包括隔光层66。隔光层66设置于磁性薄膜62和出光组件61之间。隔光层66被配置为隔离出光组件61和磁性薄膜62,从而一方面,可以阻挡出光组件61出射的光线朝向磁性薄膜62传播;另一方面,可以阻挡指纹传感器60的外界光线穿过磁性薄膜62入射到磁光介质和图像传感器65,有利于降低外界光线在图像传感器65上成像而影响指纹110图像的清晰度和指纹110识别精度的可能性。In some implementable ways, FIG. 10 schematically shows a partial cross-sectional structure of the fingerprint sensor 60 . As shown in FIG. 10 , the fingerprint sensor 60 also includes a light-blocking layer 66 . The light-blocking layer 66 is disposed between the magnetic film 62 and the light-emitting component 61 . The light-blocking layer 66 is configured to isolate the light-emitting component 61 and the magnetic film 62, so that on the one hand, it can block the light emitted from the light-emitting component 61 from propagating toward the magnetic film 62; on the other hand, it can block the external light from the fingerprint sensor 60 from passing through the magnetic film. 62 is incident on the magneto-optical medium and the image sensor 65, which is beneficial to reducing the possibility that external light is imaged on the image sensor 65 and affects the clarity of the fingerprint 110 image and the fingerprint 110 recognition accuracy.

隔光层66在满足隔光要求的前提下,隔光层66的厚度越小时,隔光层66对磁性薄膜62产生的磁场影响越小,同时可以有利于减小指纹传感器60的厚度,从而使得指纹传感器60整体结构更加紧凑,可以实现指纹传感器60的小型化设计。隔光层66的厚度过大时,磁性薄膜62和磁光介质层63之间的间距较大,使得磁性薄膜62产生的磁场对磁光介质层63的作用会减弱,导致磁光介质层63处的磁感应强度偏弱,从而存在使得磁光介质层63内的线偏振光未发生旋转或者线偏振光在磁光介质层63中的旋转角度未达到预定角度的可能性,对指纹110识别精度和准确度造成不良影响。On the premise that the light-blocking layer 66 meets the light-blocking requirements, the smaller the thickness of the light-blocking layer 66, the smaller the impact of the light-blocking layer 66 on the magnetic field generated by the magnetic film 62, and at the same time, it can help reduce the thickness of the fingerprint sensor 60, thereby reducing the thickness of the fingerprint sensor 60. The overall structure of the fingerprint sensor 60 is made more compact, and a miniaturized design of the fingerprint sensor 60 can be achieved. When the thickness of the light-isolating layer 66 is too large, the distance between the magnetic film 62 and the magneto-optical medium layer 63 is large, so that the magnetic field generated by the magnetic film 62 has a weakened effect on the magneto-optical medium layer 63 , resulting in the magneto-optical medium layer 63 The magnetic induction intensity at the magneto-optical medium layer 63 is weak, so there is a possibility that the linearly polarized light in the magneto-optical medium layer 63 does not rotate or the rotation angle of the linearly polarized light in the magneto-optical medium layer 63 does not reach a predetermined angle, which affects the fingerprint 110 recognition accuracy. and adversely affect accuracy.

在一些示例中,通过镀膜工艺或涂覆工艺在出光组件61面向磁性薄膜62的表面上加工形成隔光层66,从而使得隔光层66自身厚度较小。In some examples, the light-isolating layer 66 is formed on the surface of the light-emitting component 61 facing the magnetic film 62 through a plating process or a coating process, so that the thickness of the light-isolating layer 66 itself is smaller.

在一些示例中,隔光层66的材料为具有吸收光线性能的材料。出光组件61出射的光线入射到隔光层66后,隔光层66可以吸收这些光线,从而有利于降低光线在隔光层66发生反射的可能性,进而降低从隔光层66反射的光线在图像传感器65上成像而影响指纹110图像的清晰度和指纹110识别精度的可能性。In some examples, the material of the light-blocking layer 66 is a material with light-absorbing properties. After the light emitted from the light-emitting component 61 is incident on the light-isolating layer 66, the light-isolating layer 66 can absorb the light, thereby reducing the possibility of the light being reflected on the light-isolating layer 66, thereby reducing the possibility of the light reflected from the light-isolating layer 66 being reflected. The possibility of imaging on the image sensor 65 affecting the clarity of the fingerprint 110 image and the fingerprint 110 recognition accuracy.

在一些可实现的方式中,图像传感器65可以是CMOS(Complementary Metal OxideSemiconductor)传感器或CCD(Charge Coupled Device)传感器。In some implementable ways, the image sensor 65 may be a CMOS (Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor) sensor or a CCD (Charge Coupled Device) sensor.

在本申请实施例的描述中,需要说明的是,除非另有明确的规定和限定,术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”应作广义理解,例如,可以是固定连接,也可以是通过中间媒介间接相连,可以是两个元件内部的连通或者两个元件的相互作用关系。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言,可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本申请实施例中的具体含义。In the description of the embodiments of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly stated and limited, the terms "installation", "connection" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection or a fixed connection. Indirect connection through an intermediary can be the internal connection between two elements or the interaction between two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the embodiments of this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

在本申请实施例或者暗示所指的装置或者元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作,因此不能理解为对本申请实施例的限制。在本申请实施例的描述中,“多个”的含义是两个或两个以上,除非是另有精确具体地规定。The devices or elements mentioned in the embodiments of this application or by implication must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operate in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the embodiments of this application. In the description of the embodiments of this application, "plurality" means two or more, unless otherwise precisely and specifically specified.

本申请实施例的说明书和权利要求书及上述附图中的术语“第一”、“第二”、“第三”、“第四”等(如果存在)是用于区别类似的对象,而不必用于描述特定的顺序或先后次序。应该理解这样使用的数据在适当情况下可以互换,以便这里描述的本申请实施例能够以除了在这里图示或描述的那些以外的顺序实施。The terms "first", "second", "third", "fourth", etc. (if present) in the description and claims of the embodiments of this application and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, and It is not necessary to describe a specific order or sequence. It is to be understood that the data so used are interchangeable under appropriate circumstances so that the embodiments of the application described herein can be practiced in sequences other than those illustrated or described herein.

此外,术语“包括”和“具有”以及他们的任何变形,意图在于覆盖不排他的包含,例如,包含了一系列步骤或单元的过程、方法、系统、产品或设备不必限于清楚地列出的那些步骤或单元,而是可包括没有清楚地列出的或对于这些过程、方法、产品或设备固有的其它步骤或单元。In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions, e.g., a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that encompasses a series of steps or units and need not be limited to those explicitly listed. Those steps or elements may instead include other steps or elements not expressly listed or inherent to the process, method, product or apparatus.

本文中的术语“多个”是指两个或两个以上。本文中术语“和/或”,仅仅是一种描述关联对象的关联关系,表示可以存在三种关系,例如,A和/或B,可以表示:单独存在A,同时存在A和B,单独存在B这三种情况。另外,本文中字符“/”,一般表示前后关联对象是一种“或”的关系;在公式中,字符“/”,表示前后关联对象是一种“相除”的关系。The term "plurality" as used herein means two or more. The term "and/or" in this article is just an association relationship that describes related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and/or B can mean: A exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and they exist alone. B these three situations. In addition, the character "/" in this article generally indicates that the related objects before and after are an "or" relationship; in the formula, the character "/" indicates that the related objects before and after are a "division" relationship.

可以理解的是,在本申请的实施例中涉及的各种数字编号仅为描述方便进行的区分,并不用来限制本申请的实施例的范围。It can be understood that the various numerical numbers involved in the embodiments of the present application are only for convenience of description and are not used to limit the scope of the embodiments of the present application.

可以理解的是,在本申请的实施例中,上述各过程的序号的大小并不意味着执行顺序的先后,各过程的执行顺序应以其功能和内在逻辑确定,而不应对本申请的实施例的实施过程构成任何限定。It can be understood that in the embodiments of the present application, the size of the sequence numbers of the above-mentioned processes does not mean the order of execution. The execution order of each process should be determined by its functions and internal logic, and should not be used in the implementation of the present application. The implementation of the examples does not constitute any limitations.

Claims (12)

1. A fingerprint sensor (60), characterized in that it comprises at least:
a light-emitting assembly (61) configured to emit linearly polarized light;
the magnetic film (62) is arranged on one side of the light emitting component (61), and the surface of the magnetic film (62) facing away from the light emitting component (61) is a fingerprint receiving area (62 a); wherein the magnetic film (62) is a magnetic film having flexibility;
a magneto-optical medium layer (63) disposed on the other side of the light emitting component (61), the magnetic film (62) being disposed opposite to the magneto-optical medium layer (63), the magneto-optical medium layer (63) being located in a magnetic field generated by the magnetic film (62), the magneto-optical medium layer (63) being configured to receive the linearly polarized light and rotate the linearly polarized light;
an analyzer (64) disposed on a side of the magneto-optical medium layer (63) facing away from the light-emitting element (61), the analyzer (64) having a first polarization direction (P1) allowing light to pass therethrough, and a vibration direction of the linearly polarized light intersecting the first polarization direction (P1);
an image sensor (65) disposed on a side of the analyzer (64) facing away from the magneto-optical medium layer (63), the image sensor (65) being configured to receive the linearly polarized light exiting the analyzer (64);
When the fingerprint presses the magnetic film (62), the thickness of the region of the magnetic film (62) corresponding to the protrusion and the concave part of the fingerprint changes, so that the magnetic induction intensity of the magnetic field generated by the magnetic film (62) in the region changes, the light intensity of the linearly polarized light which passes through the magneto-optical medium layer (63) and the analyzer (64) and exits changes, and the light intensity received by the image sensor (65) correspondingly changes to form a fingerprint profile.
2. Fingerprint sensor (60) according to claim 1, wherein the light exit assembly (61) comprises a light emitting unit (611) and a polarizer (612), the polarizer (612) being arranged between the light emitting unit (611) and the magneto-optical medium layer (63), the polarizer (612) being configured to convert light rays exiting the light emitting unit (611) into the linearly polarized light, the polarizer (612) having a second polarization direction (P2) allowing light rays to pass through, the first polarization direction (P1) intersecting the second polarization direction (P2).
3. The fingerprint sensor (60) of claim 1, wherein the light exit assembly (61) comprises a light guiding layer (613) and a polarizer (612), the polarizer (612) being arranged between the light guiding layer (613) and the magneto-optical medium layer (63), the polarizer (612) being configured to convert light rays exiting from the light guiding layer (613) into the linearly polarized light, the polarizer (612) having a second polarization direction (P2) allowing light rays to pass through, the first polarization direction (P1) intersecting the second polarization direction (P2).
4. A fingerprint sensor (60) according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the angle between the first polarization direction (P1) and the second polarization direction (P2) is in the range of 70 ° to 80 °.
5. A fingerprint sensor (60) according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the polarizer (612) is provided directly on the surface of the magneto-optical medium layer (63) facing the magnetic thin film (62); alternatively, the analyzer (64) is directly disposed on a surface of the magneto-optical medium layer (63) facing the image sensor (65).
6. A fingerprint sensor (60) according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the polarizer (612) is a polarizer; alternatively, the analyzer (64) is a polarizer.
7. A fingerprint sensor (60) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the material of the magneto-optical medium layer (63) is a rare earth garnet crystal; alternatively, the magnetic film (62) is a nano magnetic liquid film.
8. A fingerprint sensor (60) according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein the light exit assembly (61) comprises a light exit portion (61 a), the light exit portion (61 a) being arranged facing the magneto-optical medium layer (63).
9. A fingerprint sensor (60) according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein the fingerprint sensor (60) further comprises a light barrier layer (66), the light barrier layer (66) being arranged between the magnetic thin film (62) and the light extraction assembly (61).
10. The fingerprint sensor (60) of claim 9, wherein the light blocking layer (66) is formed by a plating process or a coating process on a surface of the light emitting component (61) facing the magnetic thin film (62).
11. The fingerprint sensor (60) of claim 9, wherein the light blocking layer (66) is of a material having light absorbing properties.
12. Electronic device (10), characterized in that it comprises at least a fingerprint sensor (60) according to any one of claims 1 to 11.
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