CN115640626A - BIM technology-based building information model reduction method, system and equipment - Google Patents
BIM technology-based building information model reduction method, system and equipment Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a building information model reduction method, a building information model reduction system and building information model reduction equipment based on a BIM technology. And finally, carrying out expert demonstration and correction on the preliminary building information model to obtain a final building information model. The invention takes the computer technology and the BIM technology as carriers, combines a plurality of technical means to restore the scenes of the passed or remained ancient buildings, old sites, tourist attractions and the like, and saves and inherits the historical cultural heritage through the most scientific and intuitive mode.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of building engineering management, in particular to a building information model reduction method, a building information model reduction system and building information model reduction equipment based on a BIM (building information modeling) technology.
Background
The building is a carrier for witnessing history and inheritance culture and is developed throughout human society and civilization. Due to factors such as time lapse, city development, old city transformation and the like, some buildings with long-standing historical culture disappear, so that some precious historical cultural heritages are lost.
As society develops, people are increasingly aware of the importance of protecting historical cultural heritage. We have studied attempts to restore these disappearing buildings and their surrounding environment in a virtual world using various technological and technical means, in particular by means of informatization tools. Most of the existing technologies in the market currently mainly restore the original audio files, mainly restore the contents of image quality, sound and the like, and achieve the effects of building, scene restoration, digital storage and the like.
In this respect, the BIM technology is used for innovation application, ancient building restoration and scene restoration are used as entry points, and a set of technological process and method for scene restoration based on BIM technology innovation application is established. The technology meets the requirement of a user on realizing the buildings disappearing in the same day and the surrounding environment thereof, realizes 'reappearance' in the virtual digital world, and combines technologies such as VR, AR and the like to ensure that the user obtains the experience requirement of 'being personally on the scene'.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical problems, the invention provides a building information model reduction method, a system and equipment based on the BIM technology, which carry out reduction scene modeling according to old photos, memories, documents, movie and television data and the like, carry out detailed and real recording and storage on building size, building materials, building structures and the like, and carry out three-dimensional virtual reduction on the endangered and disappeared historical buildings and old sites.
The building information model restoring method based on the BIM technology can restore the original building style, and can also combine post movie and television production, game scenes, 3D printing and VR. The scene restoring technology is used for restoring historical building historic sites, digitally storing, manufacturing digital museums, researching historical buildings and the like.
Specifically, the building information model restoration method based on the BIM technology comprises the following steps:
s101: collecting diversified information of a scene to be restored, and preprocessing the diversified information;
s102: establishing a three-dimensional scene model, importing the three-dimensional scene model into virtual reality software for splicing and adjusting the three-dimensional scene model, and arranging a virtual scene to obtain a preliminary building information model;
s103: and carrying out expert demonstration and correction on the preliminary building information model to obtain a final building information model.
Wherein the diversified information at least comprises: buildings, fields, plants, current scenes and accessories.
Preferably, the pretreatment comprises: and arranging the diversified information according to information types, removing the false and true information, and supplementing missing information, wherein the information types at least comprise construction drawings, photos, movie and television materials, literature records, text descriptions, field measurement data and expert opinions.
Preferably, the establishing of the three-dimensional scene model includes:
s201: modeling a site model:
establishing a model of the existing part of a terrain field by surveying the existing part of the terrain field on the spot, and restoring a preliminary terrain undulation, a river trend and mountain and lake branches to obtain a preliminary field;
and calculating the changed terrain site in the primary site by combining literature data, personnel memories and expert guidance opinions, and restoring the terrain site model before change.
S202: modeling a building model:
determining the coordinate position of the building on the site model through the collected diversified information;
determining the architectural style, the structural construction and the size data based on drawings, images and documents, and completing the establishment of a main body model;
completing a model of the building element on the basis of the body model; the building components at least comprise a ridge, tiles and doors and windows;
building an internal building model, wherein the internal building model at least comprises furniture, decoration interior and living equipment, is integrated and placed in the main body model, and restores the layout of real life;
and setting the UV grid layout of the material texture mapping of the main body model to enable the material texture mapping to be adaptive to the main body model.
S203: modeling a plant model:
determining the subject type, size and characteristics of the plant according to the image data and personnel memories, searching the same or similar plants, and collecting image materials of the plants to make a high-definition texture mapping; the image material at least comprises branches, leaves, colors and lines of plants;
restoring corresponding plants in plant modeling software, and giving texture maps;
setting the swing parameters of the plants, and making wind direction animations to enable the plants to swing along with the wind direction in the virtual reality software.
Preferably, the establishing a three-dimensional scene model further includes: the method for modeling the accessory specifically comprises the following steps:
s301: modeling a road model:
drawing a preliminary route by combining the collected data based on the site modeling and the building modeling;
determining the road process, the width and the pavement material;
modeling each entity of the road, and restoring a road model which accords with the corresponding time characteristics;
s302: modeling a card drawing identification model:
and after contents and characters of the text are determined to accord with the cultural characteristics of the era according to memories, images and literature data and the opinions of cultural experts, three-dimensional digital modeling is performed.
The method for establishing the three-dimensional scene model further comprises the following steps: performing model sculpture on the three-dimensional scene model, which specifically comprises the following steps:
when an existing or partial existing building model is sculptured, scanning by a laser dot matrix, and then transferring data into modeling software to generate the model;
when the sculpture is a building model which disappears due to historical transition, referring to the example sculpture style of the corresponding age, determining the theme and the preset size of the sculpture, and finally performing three-dimensional digital modeling by combining the expert opinions;
and removing the unnecessary number of the triangular net surfaces after the sculpture is finished.
Preferably, the establishing a three-dimensional scene model further includes: virtual scene layout comprising the steps of:
s401: arranging a model:
importing the built building model, road model and site model into virtual reality software for splicing; determining that the coordinate positions and the orientations of the building models and the road models on the field model are correct;
checking that all the models are correctly jointed, setting the building in a corresponding building terrace, setting the road on a preset road line, checking the placement position of the model if the model is embedded into the site model or overhangs the site model, and further adjusting the fluctuation of the site model to adapt to the building and the road model;
confirming that the arrangement and the position of the plant model are consistent with the description of the collected data;
people and vehicles meeting the characteristics of times, regions and identities are added.
S402: setting animation and parameters:
adding path animation of characters and vehicles to enable the characters and the vehicles to walk along a specific route;
and adjusting the light and shadow parameters of the virtual scene, wherein the light and shadow parameters at least comprise a weather type, day time or night time.
Wherein the final building information model further comprises: and manufacturing the final building information model into a VR (virtual reality) panoramic image of a virtual reality scene, uploading the panoramic image to a cloud, and manufacturing a two-dimensional code for the instant code scanning viewing.
As another preferred embodiment, the present invention further provides a system applied to the building information model reduction method based on the BIM technology, which at least includes:
the information acquisition unit is used for summarizing diversified information of a scene to be restored and carrying out pretreatment;
the model processing unit is used for splicing and adjusting the three-dimensional scene models by adopting virtual reality software, and performing virtual scene arrangement to obtain a preliminary building information model; the three-dimensional scene model at least comprises a field model modeling, a building model modeling, a plant model modeling, a road model modeling and a card board drawing identification model modeling;
the data conversion unit is used for making the final building information model into a VR panoramic image of a virtual reality scene;
and the data output unit supports transmission of multiple data types and is used for connecting VR equipment to watch restored scenes.
The system is integrated with modeling software for constructing a building information model according to the collected diversified information of the scene to be restored, wherein the modeling software at least comprises 3Dmax, CAD, revit software, rhino software, sketchUp software and Bentley Oprodads Designer software, but is not limited to the above.
And software for virtual scene layout including at least Lumion, twinmotion, and Adobe After Effects, but not limited thereto.
As another preferred embodiment, the present invention further provides a device, which is any one of computer devices, including a memory and a processor, where the memory stores a computer program, and the processor, when executing the computer program, implements the steps of the building information model restoration method based on the BIM technology as described in any one of the above.
The invention is based on the innovative application of the Building Information Model (BIM) technology, combines a plurality of technical means on the basis of keeping the original visualization, coordination, simulation, optimization and charting of the BIM technology, breaks through the traditional application mode of the BIM technology, creates a bold innovation, develops a brand new application field, and has the specific beneficial effects that:
(1) The technology such as three-dimensional modeling and virtual interaction of the scene restoring technology can be used for realizing digital preservation of cultural heritage spread from ancient buildings, and compared with the traditional preservation mode, the method has the advantages of higher accuracy, more convenient preservation, and more visualization.
(2) The traditional building display is mainly two-dimensional plane effect graph display, but the two-dimensional plane effect graph cannot comprehensively reflect different visual angle effects due to the limitation of dimensionality, enough building information is transmitted, the ancient building restoration can be carried out by utilizing a computer simulation technology when the ancient building is restored by the scene restoration technology, and possible problems are found in the simulation process. The accuracy of ancient building when carrying out repair work is improved.
(3) The scene restoring technology can also be applied to the education industry, and teachers show the restored ancient building animations to students in a more vivid and more specific mode, so that the cognition degree of the students on the ancient buildings and the ancient building culture is improved.
(4) Digital museums are built through a scene restoring technology, interactive equipment such as virtual reality and augmented reality technologies are placed in exhibition halls of the real museums, visiting experience of tourists is improved, and meanwhile people can visit and browse the digital museums on line.
(5) The endangered plants are restored with high precision in a digital mode, and the method plays a positive role in the research neighborhood of the endangered plants.
In summary, the invention provides a building information model restoration method, system and device based on the BIM technology, which establish a three-dimensional scene model according to the collected diversified information of the scene to be restored, import the three-dimensional scene model into virtual reality software for splicing and adjusting, and perform virtual scene arrangement to obtain a preliminary building information model. And finally, carrying out expert demonstration and correction on the preliminary building information model to obtain a final building information model. The invention takes the computer technology and the BIM technology as carriers, combines a plurality of technical means to restore the scenes of the passed or remained ancient buildings, old sites, tourist attractions and the like, and saves and inherits the historical cultural heritage through the most scientific and intuitive mode.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flow chart of a building information model reduction method based on the BIM technology.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solutions of the present invention better understood, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The restoration method can realize buildings and surrounding environments thereof which disappear on an experiential day, and can enable users to obtain 'on-the-spot' experience by combining VR, AR and other technologies. And the three-dimensional technology in the scene restoring method can also be applied to the fields of buildings, movie and television animations, digital cities, digital museums, virtual movie and television cities and the like, which are popular forms of common people, so that new attitudes are easy to form, and further the industry combination and transformation upgrading are promoted.
Specifically, the Building Information model reduction method based on the BIM technology of the present invention includes that a Building Information model (Building Information Modeling) is a technology for establishing a virtual three-dimensional Building model in a computer by a digital means based on various Information of a Building engineering project.
The building information model reduction method comprises the following steps:
s101: collecting diversified information of a scene to be restored, and preprocessing the diversified information;
s102: establishing a three-dimensional scene model, importing the three-dimensional scene model into virtual reality software for splicing and adjusting the three-dimensional scene model, and arranging a virtual scene to obtain a preliminary building information model;
s103: and carrying out expert demonstration and correction on the preliminary building information model to obtain a final building information model.
Wherein the diversified information at least comprises: buildings, fields, plants, current scenes and accessories.
Preferably, the diversified information can be acquired by:
(1) The characteristics of BIM technology information transmission, database storage and high and new technology of the high and new technology industry are combined with corresponding data to carry out digital restoration on buildings, ancient sites and the like which need to be restored.
(2) The method adopts modern measuring tools such as a total station, a laser range finder, an unmanned aerial vehicle, a GPS measuring instrument and a positioning instrument to measure data such as a field and a building on the spot, and uses a high-definition digital camera to collect the appearance material of the building.
(3) And the system visits and collects data of a restored scene target, collects old photos and listens to the memories of old ancestors by looking up related data online and offline.
Preferably, the pretreatment comprises: and arranging the diversified information according to information types, removing the false and true information, and supplementing missing information, wherein the information types at least comprise construction drawings, photos, movie and television materials, literature records, text descriptions, field measurement data and expert opinions, but not limited to the information types.
The fake removing and trusting method includes manually screening comprehensively sorted information, mutually referring to buildings as units, combining expert opinions, analyzing and demonstrating the information, and removing fake and trusting.
Preferably, the establishing of the three-dimensional scene model includes:
s201: modeling a field model:
establishing a model of the existing part of a terrain field by surveying the existing part of the terrain field on the spot, and restoring a primary terrain undulation, a river trend and mountain and lake branches to obtain a primary field;
and calculating the changed terrain site in the primary site by combining literature data, personnel memories and expert guidance opinions, and restoring the terrain site model before change.
Specifically, the field component process is as follows:
(1) through advanced unmanned aerial vehicle topography survey equipment and other topography survey equipment, survey to the topography place that restores, generate the CAD drawing, if the reduction place has current CAD drawing, can be used for the reference.
(2) And after the generated CAD drawing is generated, software AUTO CAD software or civil 3D software is imported for preliminary processing, elevation point data is mainly processed, and the requirement of next-step creation is met.
(3) And (3) importing the processed CAD drawing in the step (2) to create the current terrain situation through a terrain creating module of Revit software.
(4) After the terrain component is preliminarily finished, calculating the changed terrain field in the preliminary field by combining literature data, personnel recall and expert guidance opinions, and restoring a terrain field model before change.
S202: modeling a building model:
determining the coordinate position of the building on the site model through the acquired diversified information;
determining the architectural style, the structural construction and the size data based on drawings, images and documents, and completing the establishment of a main body model;
completing a model of the building element on the basis of the body model; the building components at least comprise a ridge, tiles and doors and windows;
building an internal building model, wherein the internal building model at least comprises furniture, decoration interior and living equipment, is integrated and placed in the main body model, and restores the layout of real life;
and setting the UV grid layout of the material texture mapping of the main body model to enable the material texture mapping to be adaptive to the main body model.
Specifically, the building model modeling process is as follows:
(1) and collecting CAD drawings, old photos and literature data of the buildings, and forming reference data after screening treatment.
(2) And (4) creating a corresponding building template through Revit software, importing a CAD drawing and establishing the work of shaft network elevation. Through building construction module, construct the building, wherein contain: basic models such as beams, plates, columns, walls, stairs and the like.
(3) After the basic model is completed, relevant personnel and experts are invited to guide and modify the building, and the building model is determined.
(4) Completing a model of the building element on the basis of the body model; the building elements include at least a ridge, tiles, and a door and window.
(5) And establishing a building internal model, wherein the building internal model at least comprises furniture, decoration internal decorations and living equipment, and is integrated and placed in the main body model to restore the layout of the real life.
(6) And collecting related material maps according to the restored building characteristics and the used building materials in the years, and processing the collected material maps by Adobe Photoshop (PS).
(7) And endowing the treated material map on a building model to ensure that the building meets the reduction requirement.
S203: modeling a plant model:
determining the subject type, size and characteristics of the plant according to the image data and personnel memory, searching the plant of the same or similar type, and collecting the image material of the plant to make a high-definition texture map; the image material at least comprises branches, leaves, colors and lines of plants;
restoring corresponding plants in plant modeling software and giving texture maps;
setting the swing parameters of the plants, and making wind direction animations to enable the plants to swing along with the wind direction in the virtual reality software.
Preferably, the establishing a three-dimensional scene model further includes: modeling the accessory, specifically comprising:
specifically, the plant model modeling process is as follows:
(1) the method can be used for searching data, pictures and memories of related online personnel through various means and modes, but is not limited to the method. Firstly, collecting plant data, and determining the types, sizes, characteristics and the like of the plants.
(2) The collected plants are scanned and photographed by using a scanner, a digital camera, an ultra-micro distance camera and other equipment to obtain relevant information, such as photographing leaves, rhizomes and vein lines.
(3) The collected picture information is arranged and processed by PS software (Adobe Photoshop), such as, but not limited to, toning, sizing, coloring, stain, etc.
(4) And (3) modeling the outline of the plant by using software (SpeedTree Cinema), preferably modeling the general outline of the plant, endowing the plant with material information, adding a picture map and the like, and completing the rudiment of the plant.
(5) And after modeling is completed, exporting the corresponding format to relevant software, wherein the exported format is compatible with common BIM software. And entering relevant information such as: plant name, planting position, growth period and the like, but is not limited thereto.
(6) And (3) importing lumion software to carry out scene collocation, setting swing parameters of plants in a scene, and making a wind direction animation so that the plants can swing along with the wind direction in the virtual reality software.
S301: modeling a road model:
drawing a preliminary route by combining the collected data based on the site modeling and the building modeling;
determining the road process, the width and the pavement material;
modeling each entity of the road, and restoring a road model according with the corresponding time characteristics;
specifically, the road model modeling process is as follows:
(1) firstly, modeling is carried out on the basic shape of the road through Bentley openrows Designer modeling software or Revit software, and the length and the width of the road are determined.
(2) The markings or road lines that may appear on the road are modeled.
(3) And adding material information to the road model and the road mark through Revit software.
(4) Road components, such as vehicle, guardrail and other marking components, which accord with the corresponding times of characteristics are placed on the road through the literature and the guidance suggestions of related personnel, but the method is not limited to the above.
(5) Importing lumion software to carry out scene matching and setting, and setting vehicle walking animation parameters.
S302: modeling a card drawing identification model:
after contents and characters of the model accord with the cultural characteristics of the times according to memories, images and literature data and culture expert opinions, three-dimensional digital modeling is carried out.
The method for establishing the three-dimensional scene model further comprises the following steps: performing model sculpture on the three-dimensional scene model, which specifically comprises the following steps:
when an existing or partial existing building model is sculptured, scanning by a laser dot matrix, and then transferring data into modeling software to generate the model;
when the sculpture is a building model which disappears due to historical transition, determining the theme and the preset size of the sculpture by referring to the example sculpture style of the corresponding age, and finally performing three-dimensional digital modeling by combining the expert opinions;
and removing unnecessary number of the triangular net surfaces after finishing the sculpture.
Preferably, the establishing a three-dimensional scene model further includes: virtual scene layout comprising the steps of:
specifically, the card drawing identification is modeled as follows:
(1) completing the manufacture of the board picture by software such as Revit, 3DMax and the like;
(2) the sculpture is restored through Maya software;
(3) and importing lumion software to endow materials for the board picture and the sculpture, and carrying out scene matching and setting.
S401: arranging a model:
guiding the built building model, road model and site model into lumion or Twinmotion virtual reality software for splicing; determining that the coordinate positions and the orientations of the building models and the road models on the field model are correct through functions of software such as moving, copying, modifying and material adding;
checking that all the models are correctly jointed, setting the building in a corresponding building terrace, setting the road on a preset road line, checking the placement position of the model if the model is embedded into the site model or overhanging the site model, and further adjusting the fluctuation of the site model to adapt to the building and the road model;
confirming that the arrangement and the position of the plant model are consistent with the description of the collected data;
and leading in people and vehicles which accord with the times, regions and identity characteristics, and placing and adding corresponding positions.
S402: setting animation and parameters:
the method comprises the steps of importing characters through a lumion or Twinmotion or other virtual reality software through recording and rendering functions of the software, then entering a film editing mode, and selecting a key frame to give a section of film through a camera function; entering the upper left corner, adding a special effect interface, and then adding path animation of characters and vehicles by moving an entering scene so as to enable the characters and vehicles to walk along a specific route;
and adjusting the light and shadow parameters of the virtual scene through software, wherein the light and shadow parameters at least comprise a weather type, day time or night time.
And completing expert demonstration and correction of the preliminary building information model to obtain a final building information model. The expert demonstration is carried out by regularly organizing experts in various industries to restore the original appearance of the ancient building, and the experts in the expert demonstration conference need to be different from one another every time. On the expert demonstration conference, field modification is carried out according to opinions provided by experts, and then the expert demonstrates; and recording the part which cannot be changed on site in a list form, and performing argumentation on the next expert argumentation conference after the part is changed. When the expert disputes a certain part and cannot decide the next accurate conclusion, the expert in the field should be invited to demonstrate separately until an accurate result is obtained. When one expert demonstrates, after all contents of the virtual scene pass through the expert demonstration conference, more experts should be invited, all the contents are demonstrated again, and only after no dispute exists, the expert demonstration conference is really passed, and the post-production stage can be entered. After final finalization through the expert demonstration conference, post-production can be carried out, and the work including virtual roaming animation, video editing, voice-over, dubbing music, VR panorama, VR experience, digital model arrangement and the like is completed.
Wherein, later stage arrangement still includes:
(1) And recording the virtual roaming animation. The virtual roaming animation is recorded in the virtual reality software, and can be used as propaganda animation after being edited, voice-over and music-matching.
(2) VR panoramic image. And manufacturing a VR panoramic image of the virtual reality scene, uploading the panoramic image to the cloud, and manufacturing a two-dimensional code. Only one scan is needed by the mobile phone, and the VR panoramic image can be watched anytime and anywhere.
(3) And (5) butting VR glasses. With virtual reality software and VR glasses butt joint, only need wear VR glasses, can explore virtual reality's scene in real time at home, immerse in virtual reality.
(4) And (5) sorting and filing the digital model. The manufactured models, the collected information and the virtual reality scene are integrated, and files are filed, so that the models and the information can be conveniently and rapidly extracted subsequently, and the models and the information can be applied to other aspects.
The building information model reduction method based on the BIM technology is not only applied to the fields of recovering ancient buildings, constructing digital historical culture museums, being in the state of plant gardens and the like, but also can be applied to various industries such as the tourism industry, the film and television industry, the game industry and the like, is combined with other industries, and has a very large development potential space.
As another preferred embodiment, the present invention further provides a system applied to the building information model reduction method based on the BIM technology, which at least includes:
the information acquisition unit is used for summarizing diversified information of a scene to be restored and carrying out pretreatment;
the model processing unit is used for splicing and adjusting the three-dimensional scene models by adopting virtual reality software, and performing virtual scene arrangement to obtain a preliminary building information model; the three-dimensional scene model at least comprises a field model modeling, a building model modeling, a plant model modeling, a road model modeling and a card board drawing identification model modeling;
the data conversion unit is used for making the final building information model into a VR panoramic image of a virtual reality scene;
and the data output unit supports transmission of multiple data types and is used for connecting VR equipment to watch restored scenes.
The system is integrated with modeling software for constructing a building information model according to the collected diversified information of the scene to be restored, wherein the modeling software at least comprises 3Dmax, CAD, revit software, rhino software, sketchUp software and Bentley Oprodads Designer software, but is not limited to the above, and is used for completing BIM model construction and deepening; and solving the modeling of some complex parts and special-shaped parts; and viewing and drawing a planar graph and the like.
And software for virtual scene layout, including at least Lumion, twinmotion and Adobe After Effects, but not limited thereto, for roaming video, effect map rendering; later stage jointing VR technique; three-dimensional rendering, effect drawing and video post-editing.
As another preferred embodiment, the present invention further provides a device, which is any one of computer devices, including a memory and a processor, where the memory stores a computer program, and the processor, when executing the computer program, implements the steps of the building information model restoration method based on the BIM technology as described in any one of the above.
The method and the implementation function thereof can be stored in a computer readable storage medium if the method and the implementation function thereof are implemented in the form of software functional modules and sold or used as independent products. Based on such understanding, the technical solution of the present invention may be embodied in the form of a software product, which is stored in a storage medium and includes instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device) to execute all or part of the steps of the method according to the embodiments of the present invention. And the aforementioned storage medium includes: a U-disk, a removable hard disk, a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a Random Access Memory (RAM), a magnetic disk or an optical disk, and other various media capable of storing program codes.
In the embodiments provided in the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed apparatus and method can be implemented in other ways. The apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative, and for example, the flowchart and block diagrams in the figures illustrate the architecture, functionality, and operation of possible implementations of apparatus, methods and computer program products according to various embodiments of the present invention. In this regard, each block in the flowchart or block diagrams may represent a module, segment, or portion of code, which comprises one or more executable instructions for implementing the specified logical function(s). It should also be noted that, in some alternative implementations, the functions noted in the block may occur out of the order noted in the figures. For example, two blocks shown in succession may, in fact, be executed substantially concurrently, or the blocks may sometimes be executed in the reverse order, depending upon the functionality involved. It will also be noted that each block of the block diagrams and/or flowchart illustration, and combinations of blocks in the block diagrams and/or flowchart illustration, can be implemented by special purpose hardware-based systems which perform the specified functions or acts, or combinations of special purpose hardware and computer instructions.
In addition, the functional modules in the embodiments of the present invention may be integrated together to form an independent part, or each module may exist separately, or two or more modules may be integrated to form an independent part.
It is noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising a … …" does not exclude the presence of another identical element in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (11)
1. A building information model reduction method based on BIM technology is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s101: collecting diversified information of a scene to be restored, and preprocessing the diversified information;
s102: establishing a three-dimensional scene model, importing the three-dimensional scene model into virtual reality software for splicing and adjusting the three-dimensional scene model, and arranging a virtual scene to obtain a preliminary building information model;
s103: and carrying out expert demonstration and correction on the preliminary building information model to obtain a final building information model.
2. The BIM technology-based building information model reduction method according to claim 1, wherein the diversified information at least comprises: buildings, fields, plants, current scenes and accessories.
3. The BIM technology-based building information model restoration method according to claim 2, wherein the preprocessing comprises: arranging the diversified information according to information types, removing the false and true information, and supplementing missing information; the information types at least include construction drawings, photographs, film and television data, literature records, text descriptions, field measurement data, and expert opinions.
4. The BIM technology-based building information model reduction method according to claim 3, wherein the building of the three-dimensional scene model comprises:
s201: modeling a field model:
establishing a model of the existing part of a terrain field by surveying the existing part of the terrain field on the spot, and restoring a preliminary terrain undulation, a river trend and mountain and lake branches to obtain a preliminary field;
calculating the changed terrain site in the primary site by combining literature data, personnel memories and expert guidance opinions, and restoring a terrain site model before change;
s202: modeling a building model:
determining the coordinate position of the building on the site model through the collected diversified information;
determining the architectural style, the structural construction and the size data based on drawings, images and documents, and completing the establishment of a main body model;
completing a model of the building element on the basis of the body model; the building components at least comprise a ridge, tiles and doors and windows;
building an internal building model, wherein the internal building model at least comprises furniture, decoration interior and living equipment, is integrated and placed in the main body model, and restores the layout of real life;
setting UV grid layout of a material texture mapping of the main body model to enable the material texture mapping to be adaptive to the main body model;
s203: modeling a plant model:
determining the subject type, size and characteristics of the plant according to the image data and personnel memory, searching the plant of the same or similar type, and collecting the image material of the plant to make a high-definition texture map; the image material at least comprises branches, leaves, colors and lines of plants;
restoring corresponding plants in plant modeling software, and giving texture maps;
and setting swing parameters of the plants, and making wind direction animations to enable the plants to swing along with the wind direction in the virtual reality software.
5. The BIM technology-based building information model reduction method according to claim 4, wherein the building of the three-dimensional scene model further comprises: the method for modeling the accessory specifically comprises the following steps:
s301: modeling a road model:
drawing a preliminary route by combining the collected data based on the site modeling and the building modeling;
determining the road process, the width and the pavement material;
modeling each entity of the road, and restoring a road model which accords with the corresponding time characteristics;
s302: modeling a card drawing identification model:
after contents and characters of the model accord with the cultural characteristics of the times according to memories, images and literature data and culture expert opinions, three-dimensional digital modeling is carried out.
6. The BIM technology-based building information model reduction method according to claim 5, wherein the building of the three-dimensional scene model further comprises: performing model sculpture on the three-dimensional scene model, which specifically comprises the following steps:
when an existing or partial existing building model is sculptured, scanning by a laser dot matrix, and then transferring data into modeling software to generate the model;
when the sculpture is a building model which disappears due to historical transition, determining the theme and the preset size of the sculpture by referring to the example sculpture style of the corresponding age, and finally performing three-dimensional digital modeling by combining the expert opinions;
and removing unnecessary number of the triangular net surfaces after finishing the sculpture.
7. The BIM technology-based building information model reduction method according to claim 6, wherein the building of the three-dimensional scene model further comprises: virtual scene layout comprising the steps of:
s401: arranging a model:
importing the built building model, road model and site model into virtual reality software for splicing; determining that the coordinate positions and the orientations of the building models and the road models on the field model are correct;
checking that all the models are correctly jointed, setting the building in a corresponding building terrace, setting the road on a preset road line, checking the placement position of the model if the model is embedded into the site model or overhanging the site model, and further adjusting the fluctuation of the site model to adapt to the building and the road model;
confirming that the arrangement and the position of the plant model are consistent with the description of the collected data;
adding people and vehicles which accord with the times, regions and identity characteristics;
s402: setting animation and parameters:
adding path animation of characters and vehicles to enable the characters and the vehicles to walk along a specific route;
and adjusting the light and shadow parameters of the virtual scene, wherein the light and shadow parameters at least comprise a weather type, day time or night time.
8. The BIM technology-based building information model restoration method according to claim 7, wherein the final building information model further comprises: and manufacturing the final building information model into a VR (virtual reality) panoramic image of a virtual reality scene, uploading the panoramic image to a cloud, and manufacturing a two-dimensional code for the instant code scanning viewing.
9. A system applied to the building information model restoration method based on the BIM technology according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized by at least comprising:
the information acquisition unit is used for summarizing diversified information of a scene to be restored and carrying out pretreatment;
the model processing unit is used for splicing and adjusting the three-dimensional scene models by adopting virtual reality software, and performing virtual scene arrangement to obtain a preliminary building information model; the three-dimensional scene model at least comprises a field model modeling, a building model modeling, a plant model modeling, a road model modeling and a card board drawing identification model modeling;
the data conversion unit is used for making the final building information model into a VR panoramic image of a virtual reality scene;
and the data output unit supports transmission of multiple data types and is used for connecting VR equipment to watch restored scenes.
10. The system of claim 9, wherein the model processing unit is integrated with modeling software for constructing a building information model from the collected diversified information of the scene to be restored, the modeling software including at least 3dmax, cad, revit software, rhino software, sketchUp software, and Bentley openrows Designer software;
and software for virtual scene layout, including at least Lumion, twinmotion and Adobe After Effects.
11. An apparatus, any one of computer apparatuses, comprising a memory and a processor, the memory storing a computer program, wherein the processor implements the steps of a building information model restoration method based on BIM technique according to any one of claims 1 to 8 when executing the computer program.
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